Approach to Modelling and Domestic House Extension
By
Peter McCarthy
Holy Mary Mother of God Or Where’s my Pot of Gold!
Modelling (M) Holds Its Own in the BIM Acronym
• Clash Detection • Accurate Quantities • Visually Correct
Inaccurate Modelling Vs Accurate Modelling
Where I’m At with BIM Structural Shared Model
Architectural Shared Model
Architectural Structural MEP Combined & Coordinated Shared Models
Yea ears rs on Re Revi vitt and BIM BIM:: Projects Size ize:: Projects Team: Team: Mult ultii- Disc Discipli ipline ne BIM BIM projects: Att t em A emp p t s t o Ac A c h i ev eve e BIM: B IM:
5 years Largest £20 Million Usually 3 User in Model Worked on 4-5 6 and counting.....
HISTORY TO ACHIEVING B.I.M.
BIM Attempt 1 •
•
3D Modelling in Revit Basic Annotation in Acad
BIM Attempt 2 •
•
Advanced 3D Modelling in Revit Basic Annotation in Revit
BIM Attempt 3 •
•
Collaborative Linked Models B.I.M. Annotation in Revit.
2007
Exported 2D slices, plans etc. from 3D Model and Annotate in Acad using Text, Dims, Hatches and 2D Line work, Some generic drawings were done completely in 2D Acad
All Plans and sections were taken from the 3D Model and Annotate in Revit using Text, Dims, Hatches and 2D Line work, Some generic drawings were done in Acad and imported / converted to Revit 2D Drafting view
Revised Method of modelling to allow the importing of structural geometry and collaboration. All Plans and sections were taken from the 3D Model and Annotate in Revit with the use of BIM Automatic annotation using Furniture/equipment Tags, Wall tages etc. Some Revit 2D Drafting views for generic drawings are used
BIM Attempt 4 •
•
Limited amount of ‘Automated Schedules’ Advanced Phasing settings
Above Plus the introduction of ‘Schedules’. Starting to use phasing and phase filters to better effect.
BIM Attempt 5 •
•
Revised method of Advanced 3D Modelling in Revit More Automated Schedules
BIM Attempt 6 •
•
•
•
FM COBIE Parametric / Adaptive modelling API’s
Use of revised method of modelling to allow more automated schedules to be generated.
Feels like I’m really far behind Where do I start? What colour should this box be, Red or Green?
2012
Modelling Approach 1. Converting from CAD to REVIT (Pre-Analysis) 2. Relationship Modelling 3. Other Approaches
Converting From CAD to REVIT
‘Pre-Analysis’ modelling approach, gathering all the information about the detail before starting to model.
“Good for Converting from Acad but has its Cons!”
Picking a detail to start the Conversion Questions a Modeler Generally has: 1. Can the detail actually be built? 2. What does the detail look like/does it need to be worked out? 3. Can the software do what I want, How do I model it?
Model a detail you’ve already done before / complete. You know it works. You know how it looks likes. You can concentrate on your modelling skills
‘Pre-Analysis’ Step 1 - Draw detail and Annotate every object in the detail.
“Can be freehand or an existing AutoCAD drawing”
‘Pre-Analysis’ Step 2 - Mark a number beside each annotation on your sketch
‘Pre-Analysis’ Step 3 - Fill out a 5 column Table Column 1 - # This is the number that links the number in the table with the number on your detail. Column 2 - Brief descriptio n Write a brief description of the object Column 3 - 2D/3D Review the brief description and consider weather you think you should model it or draft it. If the object will be seen in more than one view type it should probably be modeled. Column 4 - Modeling type Decide what revit tool you will use to create the proposed component, is it a floor or a wall or a custom generic model family, etc. Column 5 - Family ty pe After you decide the method of modelling then figure out what family type within that revit tool your going to use, this also help you decide if you need to create a new family that is not already in your model or template
“You now have a self-written tutorial to follow”
‘Pre-Analysis’ What other pieces of information can you get from your detail? Grids / Levels / Ref Planes
Object Position
Detailed Components and Annotation
System Family Check
“Draw as many rectangles as you can”
‘Pre-Analysis’ Conclusion Pros Good to build up your modelling skills and introduction to the different tools, Allows you to make a plan of attack on the modelling side.
Cons You have to know a lot before your can start, this can be offputting and generally the time luxury is not available. The list of Items you have to know before starting could be as long as this;
Items that could be listed 01 Worksets 02 Phases 02 Levels 03 Grids 04 Wall types 05 Curtain wall types 06 Floor types 07 Ceiling types 08 Column types 09 Beam types 10 Door types 11 Window types 12 Stairs types 13 Railing types 14 Roof types 15 Profiles/Wall sweep 16 Furniture 17 Electrical Fixtures/Lights 18 Mechanical Components 19 Entourage 20 Site Components 20 2D components 21 2D Line work 22 Filled region
Relationship Modelling This method identi fies which are the primary objects, secondary objects, etc. and in which order they should be modelled. In this detail the general rules are 1. The curtain Wall must be 50mm from slab edge 2. The slab edge is to line up with the edge of steel beam 3. The Steel Beam is to be Centred on the Grid line These rules gives us a modelling order of 1. Grid line is place first 2. Beams are placed 3. Floor outline is drawn with edges to align with beam 4. Curtain wall to be drawn with an offset of 50mm
1.
1
50
4. 3.
2.
Other Approaches to Modelling 1. Pre Analysis 2. Relationship Modelling 3. Post Analysis (review the detail after primary objects are placed) 4. Modelling by Trade 5. ????
Working Building Information Model
Working Construction Site
To produce full construction drawings from a slice of a 3D model with minimal 2D work carried out took an extra level of detailing within the model. This also started to setout the guidelines for collaborative work with consultants in regards to responsibility and ownership of different parts of individual buildups. The Structural floors we’re seperated from the finishes to allow the architect and st ructural engineer to
Construction developing on site similar to the BIM model with different sub-contractors taking responsibilities for different elements within the construction. An example is the main precast structural concrete slab by one contractor and terrazzo floor finish and rigid insulation installed by another.
The House Extension
Approach to the Project CONSTRUCTION MODEL
PLANNING MODEL
A)
1 SETUP
2 BASIC MODELLING
3 BASIC ANNOTATION
4 ADVANCED MODELLING
5 ADVANCED ANNOTATION
OR B)
1 SETUP
2 4 ADVANCED MODELLING
3 5 ADVANCED ANNOTATION
PLANNING & CONSTRUCTION MODEL
Stage 5 Views and Annotation - Stage 2 (15 Days) This is a general overview of the workfl ow for developing annotated drawings. • Setup Printing Views (duplicate original levels or working views) rename the ‘copy’ view with to the appropriate printing title, organise browser by applying ‘01 Printing Views’ to ‘user’ parameter; • Create and apply Scope box to view, Alternatively drag the crop region to desired extents; • Apply View Templates to all views to get suitable graphics. If required change Visible Graphics (VG) , Overwrite Elements in view or use the Linework Tool for visual clarity; • Copy blank keynotes onto views. Print view and write down notes. Fill in the notes in the schedule view and place in correct location in the views as required; • Use tags, dimensions, spot levels, keynotes, filled regions and detail components to annotate views; • Use ‘Filled regions’ and detail lines to create site conditions over topography that does not show any bu ildup; • Fill out and check schedules: door schedules, window schedules and room finish schedules in particular. Furniture schedules should be checked that the items on the schedule are activated properly; • To accompany the door schedule elevations in drafting views should be created. These are done in drafting lines and 2D annotation. • To accompany the curtain wall schedule, elevations of the glazing should be created. These elevations should be hidden at large scales; • To accompany the Window & Louvre schedule, a legend view of the window blocks should be created; • Generic details should be created in drafting views. These should be annotated and referenced in sections and plans. They should be placed on sheets; • Sheets should be created and the views should be added to them. plans should be placed on sheets using sheet grid guides where possible. For sections and elevations the reference number should match that section number/letter; • Schedules, legends, key notes, project risk notes should be added to each page; • A construction legend should be created that references every element that are only described with automated tags. Also on this page there should be symbol legends, key notes legends and anything else that is referenced in the drawing set; • Sheets should be printed, checked and reviewed;
Introduction To Do List; Existing Building Modelling 1. Paint Materials 2. Existing Windows 3. Power of Objects 4. Demolition of Patio Door New Extension 1. Review the Details before Modelling 2. Walls 3. Foundations 4. Floors 5. Windows & Doors 6. Roofs / Profiles 7. Ceiling / Walls Dry Lining 8. Rafters 9. Modelling Complete 10. Views and Annotation 11. Annotation Types 12. Parts
Modelling Existing House PAINT TOOL USE THE ‘PAINT TOOL’ TO APPLY DIFFERENT INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FINISHES, ‘SPLIT FACE’ IS ALSO USEFUL FOR SUB-DIVIDING LARGE WALLS
‘KEEP IT SIMPLE’ IF YOU DON’T KNOW HOW IT WAS CONSTRUCTED DON’T SHOW ASSUMED BUILDUPS. USE THE SAME CORE MATERIAL FOR FLOORS, WALLS, ROOFS AND CEILINGS. SET THE VIEW PHASE FILTER TO EXISTING BEFORE PLACING
Existing Windows “APPROXIMATELY 26 MILLION HOUSEHOLDS IN THE UK.......
EXISTING WINDOWS ARE GENERALLY MODELLED AS CURTAIN WALLS
....NOT 1 OF THEM HAS THE SAME WINDOWS”
Power of Objects Floors / Walls/ Roofs
04 Ridge Level 7671
1. 5?
03 Eaves Level 5232
4. 2.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Roof cuts... External Walls cuts... Floors cuts... Internal Walls... Ceilings(Sometimes)...
02 First Floor Level TOW 2794 2515
01 Ground Level GL 0 -102
00 Foundation Level -1219
3.
Demolitions
Step 2 - Reference Planes
Step 1 - Demolish Tool
Step 3 - Wall Opening
Review Details of New Construction
“Make a Plan of Attack”
Walls “Use ‘Reference Planes to help setout walls if needed”
Method 1 - Stacked Walls
Method 2 - Two Walls Aligned
Foundations “Seek Alternative Option Where Required”
Method 1 - Foundation Tool
Method 2 - Modelled using a Floor
Floors
“Dealing with the over accuracy of Revit”
01 Ground Level 0
5
Windows & Doors “Extra modifications required for corner windows”
Standard Opeing Cut in Window Family
Use Void Extrusion cut out of wall instead of the standard ‘Opening Cut’ inside the window family
Roofs / Profiles
Roofs / Profiles
“Know the tools available to you”
Rafters Really??
“Learn when to stop modelling”
Ceiling / Wall Dry Lining
Modelling Stage Complete
“Finish all Modelling before starting Annotation stage”
Views and Annotation
View Before Annotation
View After Annotation
“I aim for about 80-85% Modelling”
Annotation
AutoCAD vs Revit Dimensions Dynamic Blocks Lines Hatch Block Rev Cloud Text Text Dynamic Blocks
Dimensions Spot Elevation/Coordinates Detailed Lines Region Component Rev Cloud Text Tag by Category Keynotes Symbols
“A command bar that rivals Autocad”
Notation Text
Sheet Key notes
Standard text, can get outdated and updates can be missed, the Human Error factor is much higher.
Done a symbol with a Note Block Schedule, useful, the information is all in one location (the schedule) but the symbols could be pointing at the wrong object or position my not be updated with model changes
General Work flow (Sections) Generally sections and detail views have the most 2D work. To make a more presentable section we add; • • • •
• • • • • •
Wide Dashed drafting lines for DPM and DPC Repeating detail for block work joints in section Filled region for the foundation trench infill(connects with the hardcore in the base of the floor slab) Import autocad hatch patterns that are not available in revit, some good download sites are http://www. cadcorner.ca/hatch.php and http://www.autocadhatch. com/ Wide drafting lines for the steel lintel Thin drafting lines for the X inside of the cut ceiling joist and rafters Spot elevation makers Insulation tool for roof insulation Splitting the section marker lines Text notes and Leaders
Automatic Tags Use ‘Tag by Category’ Requires a Legend with a l ist of each component buildup, Really Useful
Key notes Can be great but you need a full understanding of the NBS specification codes, Can be limiting for details as it only allows you to enter one code per item, walls might have 4-5 layer in them etc.
Complete Annotation on all Views and Sheets
Parts Tool
Step 1 Select Object and Create Parts
Step 2 Set Visibility of Parts, (must be every view)
Step 3 Modify Parts
Thanks Alan and Gang!!
