am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro PROVISIONAL REMEDIES 1 RULE 57 PRELIMINARY ATTACHMENT 1 RULE 58 PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION 7 RULE 59 RECEIVERSHIP 11 RULE 60 REPLEVIN 13 RULE 61 SUPPORT PENDENTE LITE 15 SPECIAL CIVIL ACTIONS 16 RULE 62 INTERPLEADER 16 RULE 63 DECLARATORY RELIEF AND SIMILAR REMEDIES 18 RULE 64 REVIEW OF JUDMENTS AND FINAL ORDERS OR RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS AND THE COMMISSION ON AUDIT 19 RULE 65 CERTIORARI! PROHI"ITION AND MANDAMUS 21 RULE 66 #UO WARRANTO 24 RULE 67 E$PROPRIATION 26 RULE 68 FORECLOSURE OF REAL ESTATE MORTAE 30 RULE 69 PARTITION 33 RULE 70 FORCI"LE ENTRY AND UNLAWFUL DETAINER 36 RULE 71 CONTEMPT 41 CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 43 VENUE IN CRIMINAL CASES 44 SPECIAL ARARIAN COURT JURISDICTION 45 SANDIAN"AYAN JURISDICTION JURISDICTION 45 OM"UDSMAN JURISDICTION 46 POWER OF THE SECRETARY OF JUSTICE OVER THE PROSECUTORS 47 ROLE OF THE OS IN CRIMINAL CASES 47 RULE 110 % PROSECUTION PROSECUTION OF OFFENSES 48 RULE 111 & PROSECUTION OF CIVIL ACTION 53 RULE 112 & PRELIMINARY INVESTIATION 57 RULE 113 & ARREST 63 RULE 114 & "AIL 66 RULE 115 & RIHTS OF ACCUSED 72 RULE 116 & ARRAINMENT ARRAINMENT AND PLEA 77 RULE 117 % MOTION TO #UASH 80 RULE 118 PRE&TRIAL 84 RULE 119 & TRIAL 86 RULE 120 % JUDMENT 91 RULE 121 & NEW TRIAL OR RECONSIDERATION 94 RULE 122 & APPEAL 95 RULE 123 & PROCEDURE IN THE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS 99 RULE 124 & PROCEDURE IN THE COURT OF APPEALS 99 RULE 125 & PROCEDURE IN THE SUPREME COURT 101 RULE 126 - SEARCH AN SE!"URE 1#2 This reviewer is based on Atty. Tranquil Salvador’s lectures, SCA notes from Atty. Guevarra’s class, Glenn Tuazon’s (AS !"##$ brilliant notes$ notes $ %n&oy' PROVISIONAL REMEDIES
Prov rem% are an&illar' (o prin&ipal a&(ion%$ So i) (*e prin&ipal a&(ion i% di%mi%%ed, (*en 'ore prov rem %*all e di.mi..ed$ o /R: No prin&ipal a&(ion o) preliminar' a((a&*men(, e(&$ E0CEP: o Re&eiver%*ip in Corpora(ion or an3ing Law !n Ari(ra(ion Law, w*ere 'o &an )ile an' provi%ional remed' a% a main a&(ion in aid o) an ari(ra(ion &la%e$
RULE 57 PRELIMINARY ATTACHMENT
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Rule 127, Sec. 2. Attachment . – When the civil action is properly instituted i n the criminal act ion as provided in Rule 111, the offended party may have the property of the accused attached as security for the satisfaction of any judgment that may be recovered from the accused in the folloing cases! "a# When the accused is about to abscond from the $hilippines% "b# When the criminal action is based on a claim for money or property embe&&led or fraudulently misapplied or converted to the use of the accused ho is a public officer, officer of a corporation, attorney, attorney, factor, bro'er, agent or cler', in the course of his employment as such, or by any other person in a fiduciary c apacity, or for a illful violation of duty% "c# When the accused has concealed, removed, or disposed of his property, or is about to do so% and "d# When the accused resides outside the $hilippines.
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Rule 127, Sec. 2. Attachment . – When the civil action is properly instituted i n the criminal act ion as provided in Rule 111, the offended party may have the property of the accused attached as security for the satisfaction of any judgment that may be recovered from the accused in the folloing cases! "a# When the accused is about to abscond from the $hilippines% "b# When the criminal action is based on a claim for money or property embe&&led or fraudulently misapplied or converted to the use of the accused ho is a public officer, officer of a corporation, attorney, attorney, factor, bro'er, agent or cler', in the course of his employment as such, or by any other person in a fiduciary c apacity, or for a illful violation of duty% "c# When the accused has concealed, removed, or disposed of his property, or is about to do so% and "d# When the accused resides outside the $hilippines.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
No(e: mere po%(ing o) a &on(er-ond will NF a(oma(i&all' di%&*arge (*e a((a&*men(, (*ere m%( e a &or( order (o (*a( e))e&( 4Se&ri(' Pa&i)i& v Amelia, 2##? =o(ion (o %e( a%ide a%ed on improper, irreglar, or e&e%%ive a((a&*men(G or w*en (*e o ond i% in%))i&ien( Availed o) even before en)or&emen( 4&ompare (o po%(ing a &on(er-ond !mproper: grond% are no( pre%en( in (*e &a%e !rreglar: wrong pro&e%%, li3e w*en wri( i % given wi(*o( a ond, or (*e 9ri%di&(ion i% no( 'e( a&ired !mpor(an(: no e par(e di%&*arge allowed Can (*ere e par(ial relea%e on a &on(erond< De%$ o
S'(- 14- P.+(''*,; '.' .+'.) (<*' )*. '.+,I )' .+'.) ))(' * (<*' , '.+, +)'. ), )' .) ;*,) + ))(',) '', */' +. * ;',)! , /( '.+, ' , *=*) + * )*)<' )'.')+! +. .*;) )+ )' +'*+, )'.'+! ))*,; )' ;.+/, + /( .*;) +. )*)<'! , '.=' /( *=*) /+, )' '.* *<' )' <))'. +'*+, + )' ))(' .)! , (+ )'.'+ /+, )' ))(*,; .)! )' '.* << ,+) ' +/, )+ '' )' .+'.) /,'. ))(',)! /,<' )' ))(*,; .) +. * ;',)! +, ', + )' '.*! << *<' +, .+=' )' (+/.) )+ *,',* )' )*.&.) (<*,) *, / ,+) <' ), )' =
Same a% w*en (*e proper(' %9e&( (o ee&(ion i% &laimed ' a ; rd par(', e&ep( )or (*e provi%ion regarding vindi&a(ing a &laim !n a((a&*men(: (*e vindi&a(ion &an e done in (*e %ame or %epara(e a&(ion o !n ee&(ion: (*e vindi&a(ion &an e done onl' in a %epara(e a&(ion o Sin&e in(erven(ion &an onl' e done e)ore 9dgmen( in (*e (rial &or( 4and ee&(ion pre%ppo%e% ee&(ion Same rle applie% (o replevin
S'(- 15- S)*()*+, + :/;',) +/) + .+'.) ))(' .')/., + '.*I :/;',) ' .'(+='.' )' ))(*,; .) , ''(/)*+, */' )'.'+,! )' '.* (/' )' :/;',) )+ ' )**' +/) + )' .+'.) ))('! * *) ' /*(*',) +. )) /.+' *, )' +<<+*,; ,,'.> ?@ " *,; )+ )' :/;',) +<*;'' )' .+('' + << <' + '.*<' +. +)'. .+'.) +< *, /./,(' + )' +.'. + )' (+/.)! +. + /( << ' ,'('. )+ )* )' :/;',) ?@ I , <,(' .'*, /'! '<<*,; + /( + )' .+'.)! .'< +. '.+,C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*en (*e proper(ie% a((a&*ed are no( %))i&ien( (o %a(i%)' (*e 9dgmen(, (*e &or( &an pro&eed wi(* ordinar' ee&(ion (o &over (*e alan&e$
S'(- 17- R'(+='. /+, )' (+/,)'.&+,W', )' :/;',) '(+' ''(/)+.! )' /.') +. /.')*' +, , (+/,)'.&+, ;*=', /./,) )+ )' .+=**+, + )* R/<' )+ '(/.' )' ',) + )' :/;',) << '(+' (.;' +, /( (+/,)'.&+, , +/, )+ )' :/;',) +<*;'' /+, ', )' +/,) /' /,'. )' :/;',)! *( +/,) ' .'(+='.' .+ /( /.') +. /.')*' )'. ,+)*(' , /. '.*,; *, )' ' ()*+,-
S'(- 18- D*+*)*+, + +,' '+*)'W'.' )' .) ;*,) + ))(',) '', */' '+*)' +,' *,)' + ;*=*,; (+/,)'.&+,! *) << ' <*' /,'. )' *.'()*+, + )' (+/.) )+ )' )*()*+, + , :/;',) .','.' *, =+. + )' ))(*,; .)! , )'. )**,; )' :/;',) )' <,(' << ' .','.' )+ )' '+*)+. +. * *;,''- I )' :/;',) * *, =+. + )' .) ;*,) + ))(',) */'! )' +<' / '+*)' /) ' .'/,' )+ * +. * *;,''-
S'(- 19- D*+*)*+, + ))(' .+'.) '.' :/;',) * +. .) ;*,) + ))(',) */'I :/;',) ' .','.' ;*,) )' ))(*,; .)! << )' .+('' + <' , +,' (+<<'()' +. .'('*=' )' '.*! /,'. )' +.'. + ))(',)! , << .+'.) ))(' .'*,*,; *, , /( +*('. ,! << ' '<*='.' )+ )' .) ;*,) + ))(',) */'! , )' +.'. + ))(',) *(.;'-
S'(- 20- C<* +. ;' +, ((+/,) + *.+'.! *..';/<. +. '('*=' ))(',)A, <*()*+, +. ;' +, ((+/,) + *.+'.! *..';/<. +. '('*=' ))(',) /) ' *<' '+.' )' ).*< +. '+.' )' ).*< +. '+.' '< * '.'()' +. '+.' )' :/;',) '(+' ''(/)+.! *) /' ,+)*(' )+ )' ))(*,; .) , * /.') +. /.')*'! '))*,; +.) )' () +*,; * .*;) )+ ;' , )' +/,) )'.'+- S/( ;' ' .' +,< )'. .+'. '.*,; , << ' *,(
!) (*ere i% improper, irreglar or e&e%%ive damage%, damage% &an e re&overed$ How< ' drawing on (*e ond$ /R: Se&(ion 2# applie% (o all provi%ional remedie%$ o E0CEP: %ppor( penden( li(e$ 7*ere &an 'o appl' )or i(< o !n (*e (rial &or($ 7*en< o ring or a)(er (rial even wi(*in (*e reglemen(ar' period, or w*en appeal *a% een per)e&(ed, a% LFN/ a% i( i% pending, and no( 'e( )inal and ee&(or'$ 7*a( damage% &an e re&overed< A% long a% wrong)l a((a&*men(: a&(al damage% o Eviden&e needed: )a&( o) in9r' or lo%%, and amon( (*ereo) Unreali.ed pro)i(% &an e re&overed a% long a% (*ere i% independen( eviden&e o) mean in&ome o) (*e %ine%% nder(a3en !) none, (*en (empera(e damage% na lang 4D v$ Ngo De( e, 2##I o !) (*ere i% mali&io% a((a&*men(: a&(al, moral and eemplar' o 7*a( ao( a((orne'% )ee%< o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
/R: no a(('% )ee% w*en no moral or eemplar' E0CEP!FNG w*en a par(' in&r% epen%e% (o li)( wrong)ll' i%%ed wri( o) a((a&*men(
RULE 58 PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION
S'()*+, 1- P.'<**,. *,:/,()*+, '*,' (<'A .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, * , +.'. ;.,)' ) , );' + , ()*+, +. .+(''*,; .*+. )+ )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'.! .'B/*.*,; .) +. (+/.)! ;',( +. '.+, )+ .'.*, .+ .)*(/<. () +. ()- I) <+ .'B/*.' )' '.+.,(' + .)*(/<. () +. ()! *, *( (' *) << ' ,+, .'<**,. ,)+. *,:/,()*+,S'(- 2- W+ ;.,) .'<**,. *,:/,()*+,A .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, ' ;.,)' )' (+/.) '.' )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; * ',*,;- I )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; * ',*,; *, )' C+/.) + A'< +. *, )' S/.'' C+/.)! *) ' */' * (+/.) +. , ''. )'.'+
=agi& word: @en9oin or %(op 7*en (o appl': an' (ime e)ore 9dgmen( or )inal order 7*o ma' gran(: Cor( w*ere (*e a&(ion or pro&eeding o 7*a( are (*e ('pe% o) prelim in9n&(ion< Preliminar' in9n&(ion (o pro*ii( or %(op: main(ain (*e %(a(% o o Preliminar' manda(or' in9n&(ion: reire% %ome(*ing (o e per)ormed or done (o o main(ain (*e %(a(% o o And 'o al%o *ave (*e re%(raining order w*i&* i% i%%ed (o pre%erve (*e %(a(% o n(il (*e *earing on (*e appli&a(ion )or preliminar' in9n&(ion$ 4a&olod Ci(' 7a(er v Laa'en Can (*ere e a main a&(ion )or in9n&(ion< o De%, i(% an ordinar' &ivil a&(ion w*i&* %ee3% a 9dgmen( )or a )inal in9n&(ion$ i))eren( )rom a P! w*o%e o9e&( i% merel' (o pre%erve (*e %(a(% o Rei%i(e% )or a P!: Clear and nmi%(a3ale rig*( o S&* rig*( *a% een viola(ed and inva%ion *a% een ma(erial and %%(an(ial o Urgen( and permanen( ne&e%%i(' )or (*e wri( (o preven( grea( and i rreparale in9r' o 4never an(i)' (*i% or el%e i(% no( grea( and irreparale Can an in9n&(ion *ave an e))e&( i) en)or&ed o(%ide (*e 9di&ial di%(ri&(< 4en)or&ed in =a3a(i ' a 9dge %(a(ioned in enge( o No, a wri( &an onl' e i%%ed in (*e 9di&ial region$ 7*a(% a %(a(% o order< o !(% no( a P!, %o (*e reiremen(% )or P!RF do NF appl' (o i ($ o !( &an e applied in (*e C or CA$ i( &an e i%%ed wi(*o( a ond or wi(*o( a )ied (erm$ ( in 2##I SC Cir&lar: (*e reiremen(% )or RF 4ond and a))idavi( m%( appl' (o %(a(% o order% i) i%%ed )or 9di&ial or e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re o) mor(gage$ Addi(ional reiremen(%: S*ow a&(al pa'men( o) (*e loan o =ere &laim (*a( (*e in(ere%( i% n&on%&ionale or e&e%%ive doe% o no( 9%(i)' (*e i%%an&e o) (*e P! nle%% (*e legal in(ere%( i% paid$
S'(- 3- .+/, +. */,(' + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+,A .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, ' ;.,)' ', *) * ')<*'> ?@ T) )' <*(,) * ',)*)<' )+ )' .'<*' ','! , )' +<' +. .) + /( .'<*' (+,*) *, .').*,*,; )' (+**+, +. (+,)*,/,(' + )' () +. () (+<*,' +! +. *, .'B/*.*,; )' '.+.,(' + , () +. ()! '*)'. +. <**)' '.*+ +. '.')/<< ?@ T) )' (+**+,! (+,)*,/,(' +. ,+,&'.+.,(' + )' () +. () (+<*,' + /.*,; )' <*)*;)*+, +/< .+< +. *,:/)*(' )+ )' <*(,) +. ?(@ T) .)! (+/.)! ;',( +. '.+, * +*,;! ).')',*,;! +. * ))')*,; )+ +! +. * .+(/.*,; +. /'.*,; )+ ' +,'! +' () +. () .+< *, =*+<)*+, + )' .*;) + )' <*(,) .''()*,; )' /:'() + )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,;! , )',*,; )+ .','. )' :/;',) *,''()/<
/rond%:
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Appli&an( en(i(led (o (*e relie) demanded and (*e w*ole or par( o) (*e relie) i% re%(raining or reiring (*e per)orman&e o) an a&( or a&(% o *e &ommi%%ion, &on(inan&e or non-per)orman&e o) (*e a&(% will wor3 in9%(i&e (o (*e appli&an( Someone i% viola(ing (*e rig*(% o) (*e appli&an( and i( (end% (o render (*e 9dgmen( o) (*e o main &a%e ine))e&(al 7*a( 3ind o) eviden&e do 'o need (o prove 'or &a%e< Fnl' a %ampling o) eviden&e i% needed$ 4Landan3 v Con(inen(al, 2##> o Do need no( pre%en( eviden&e o) (*e en(ire &a%e o) a&(ion o E&ep(: !) &a%e o) a&(ion i% %ame a%i% )or (*e RF 4( e &are)l o) pre9dgmen( o
S'(- 4- V'.**' <*()*+, , +, +. .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, +. )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'.A .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, +. )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. ' ;.,)' +,< ',> ?@ T' <*()*+, *, )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; * ='.**'! , + () ',)*)<*,; )' <*(,) )+ )' .'<*' ',' , ?@ U,<' '')' )' (+/.)! )' <*(,) *<' *) )' (+/.) '.' )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; * ',*,;! +, ''(/)' )+ )' .) +. '.+, ',:+*,'! *, , +/,) )+ ' *' )' (+/.)! )+ )' ''() )) )' <*(,) *<< )+ /( .) +. '.+, << ;' *( ' /)*, .'+, + )' *,:/,()*+, +. )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. * )' (+/.) +/< *,<< '(*' )) )' <*(,) ,+) ',)*)<' )'.')+- U+, .+=< + )' .'B/**)' +,! .*) + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, << ' */'?(@ W', , <*()*+, +. .*) + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, +. )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. * *,(
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
H+'='.! * */' )' C+/.) + A'< +. ''. )'.'+! )' )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. << ' ''()*=' +. *) ?60@ .+ '.=*(' +, )' .) +. '.+, +/;) )+ ' ',:+*,'- A .').*,*,; +.'. */' )' S/.'' C+/.) +. ''. )'.'+ << ' ''()*=' /,)*< /.)'. +.'.T' ).*< (+/.)! )' C+/.) + A'<! )' S,*;,, S,*;,, +. )' C+/.) + T A'< )) */' .*) + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, ;*,) <+'. (+/.)! +.! +*('.! +. B/*&:/*(*< ;',( << '(*' )' *, (' +. ')*)*+, *)*, * ?6@ +,) .+ )' */,(' + )' .*)
No preliminar' in9n&(ion &an e i%%ed wi(*o( no(i&e and *earing$ ( )or RF%, a &or( &an i%%e a RF wi(*o( no(i&e and *earing$ RF% are i%%ed (o pre%erve (*e %(a(% o n(il (*e *earing o) (*e appli&a(ion )or preliminar' in9n&(ion w*i&* &anno( e i%%ed e par(e$ *ere are (wo 3ind% o) RF: o *e I2-*or RF /rond /rond:: ma((er ma((er o) e(re e(reme me rgen& rgen&' ' and appli& appli&an( an( will will %))er %))er grave grave in9%(i&e and irreparale in9r' !%%ed ' (*e ee&(ive 9dge o) a ml(i-%ala &or(, or pre%iding 9dge o) a %ingle %ala &or( AL7ADS wi(*o( a *earing Fnl' la%(% )or I2 *or%$ o No(e: NF ; da'%, ( I2 *or%$ 4So ma3e %re (o )ile i( on a =onda' or e%da'$ !) 'o )ile i( on a *r%da', i(ll epire on a wee3end and 'o won( *ave a &*an&e (o e(end i( n(il =onda' %in&e no &or( on wee3end%$ !( a(oma(i&all' epire% a)(er I2 *or%$ ( (*i% &an e e(ended (o 2# da'%, *ow< o *e RF, %mmon%, &omplain( and NF!CE o) RA88LE will e given (o (*e de)endan( *e par(ie% *ave (o e pre%en( dring ra))le 7i(*in (*e I2 *or%, (*e 9dge will &ond&( a %mmar' *earing (o de(ermine w*e(*er (*e RF %*old e e(ended (o 2# da'% 4in&lding (*e I2 *or% Normal 2# da' RF /rond: grea( or irreparale in9r' !%%ed ' reglar &or( 9dge A8ER ra))le wo in%(an&e% w*ere (*e normal 2# da' RF will &ome ao(: o 8ollowing (*e I2-*or RF 4(*a(% w*' 'o need (*e no(i&e o) ra))le 8ollowing %ervi&e o) (*e &omplain( and %mmon% 4normal manner, w*en (*e &a%e i% no( one o) e(reme rgen&'$ Al%o wi(*o( no(i&e and *earing, ( 9dge% rarel' do (*i% %in&e people mig*( (*in3 adl' o) (*em 7i(*in 7i(*in (*e 2#-da 2#-da' ' period period,, (*e &or( &or( will will de(er de(ermin mine e i) (*e preli prelimin minar ar' ' in9n&(ion %*old e given 4a&olod Ci(' 7a(er v Laa'en, 2##> Fnl' la%(% )or 2# da'%, &an NF e e(ended$ !( a(oma(i&all' epire%$ NFE: o(* RF% need a ond$ Can RF% e i%%ed ' (*e &or( mo( propio< NFB RF% m%( e applied )or$ 4Univer%al =o(or% v Ro9a%, 2##? o Can a reglar &or( 9dge i%%e a I2-*or RF and %a' (*a( i( will %(a' e))e&(ive @n(il )r(*er order%< NFB 4/reen%(ar v Andiong, 2##J o 8ir%(, a reglar &or( 9dge generall' i%%e a I2-*or RF$ *e ee&(ive 9dge doe% (*a($ Se&ond, (*ere% no %&* (*ing a% a RF @n(il )r(*er order% 4e&ep( in (*e SC Can (*e CA and SC i%%e RF%< o De%$ CA: la%(% 6# da'% SC: n(il )r(*er order% Can 'o appl' )or a 2nd RF a)(er 'or )ir%( one epired<
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
De%, i) a%ed on a di))eren( and new grond$ o 7*a( i% (*e d(' o) (*e &or( w*o i%%ed a P!< e&ide (*e main &a%e wi(*in 6 mon(%$ 4See la%( paragrap* o
S'(- 6- .+/, +. +:'()*+, )+! +. +. +)*+, + *+
/rond (o o9e&(: o !n%))i&ien&' o) appli&a(ion 4onl' a grond (o END, no( (o di%%olve How (o o(* o9e&( or di%%olve: o 8ile a))idavi(% %*owing (*ere wa% no rea%on )or (*e P! 8ile &on(eron &on(erond d and a))idavi( 4and ndergo a *earing (*a( (*e par(' will %))er more o damage (*an (*e appli&an( will e&a%e o) (*e P!
S'(- 7- S'.=*(' + (+*' + +, ''() + *.+=< + 'T' .) *<*,; +, *, ((+.,(' *) )' .+=**+, + )* R/<' << +.)*) '.=' (+ + /( +, +, )' +)'. .)! + '(') )+ )' /*(*',( + )' +,! +. + )' /.') +. /.')*' /.')*' )'.'+,)'.'+,- I )' <*(,)G <*(,)G +, * +/, )+ ' *,/*(*',) *,/*(*',) *, +/,)! +/,)! +. * )' /.') /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+, *< )+ :/)*! , +, /*(*',) *, +/,) *) /*(*',) /.')*' .+=' )'. :/)**()*+, * ,+) *<' +.)*)! )' *,:/,()*+, << ' *+<='- I )' +, + )' ='.' .) * +/, )+ ' *,/*(*',) *, +/,)! +. )' /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+, *< )+ :/)* +, /*(*',) *, +/,) *) /*(*',) /.')*' .+=' )'. :/)**()*+, :/)**()*+, * ,+) *<' +.)*)! )' *,:/,()*+, << ' ;.,)' +. .')+.'! )' (' '
!) (*e ond% or &on(erond% are in%))i&ien(, (*e P! &an ei(*er e di%%olved or gran(ed, a% (*e &a%e ma' e$
S'(- 8- J/;',) )+ *,(
S'(- 9- W', *,< *,:/,()*+, ;.,)'I )'. )' ).*< + )' ()*+, *) '. )) )' <*(,) * ',)*)<' )+ =' )' () +. () (+<*,' + '.,',)< ',:+*,'! )' (+/.) << ;.,) *,< *,:/,()*+, '.')/<< .').*,*,; )' .) +. '.+, ',:+*,' .+ )' (+**+, +. (+,)*,/,(' + )' () +. () +. (+,*.*,; )' .'<**,. ,)+. *,:/,()*+,-
RULE 59 RECEIVERSHIP S'()*+, 1- A+*,)',) + .'('*='.U+, ='.**' <*()*+,! +,' +. +.' .'('*='. + )' .+'.) /:'() + )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; ' +*,)' )' (+/.) '.' )' ()*+, * ',*,;! +. )' C+/.) + A'< +. )' S/.'' C+/.)! +. ''. )'.'+! *, )' +<<+*,; ('> ?@ W', *) '. .+ )' ='.**' <*()*+,! , /( +)'. .++ )' (+/.) .'B/*.'! )) )' .) <*,; +. )' +*,)',) + .'('*='. , *,)'.') *, )' .+'.) +. /, *( * )' /:'() + )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,;! , )) /( .+'.) +. /, * *, ,;'. + '*,; <+)! .'+=' .'+='!! +. )'.*<< *,:/.' /,<' .'('*='. ' +*,)' )+ *,*)'. , .''.=' *) ?@ W', *) '. *, , ()*+, )' +.);;'' +. )' +.'(<+/.' + +.);;' )) )' .+'.) * *, ,;' ,;'. . + ' '*,; *,; )' )' +. * ** *)' )' +. ) )'.* '.*<< << *,: *,:/.' /.'! ! , ) ))) *) = =
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
*,/*(*',) )+ *(.;' )' +.);;' ')! +. )) )' .)*' =' + )*/<)' *, )' (+,).() + +.);;' ?(@ A)'. :/;',)! )+ .''.=' )' .+'.) /.*,; )' ',',( + , '
=agi& word: @pre%erveB @pre%erveB Salien( )ea(re%: o Fnl' provi%ional remed' (*a( &an e applied )or po%(-9dgmen( and even i) i( i% alread' )inal and ee&(or'$2 o Reire% (wo ond%: Appli&an(% ond 4Se& 2 Re&eiver% ond 4Se& > /rond%: Proper(' i% in danger o) eing lo%( o Proper Proper(' (' mor(g mor(gage aged d i% in danger danger o) eing eing wa%(ed wa%(eddi di%% %%ipa ipa(ed (ed and (*e %e&ri %e&ri(' (' in (*e o mor(gage i% no( enog* (o &over (*e vale o) (*e appli&a(ion o S(ipla(ion in a mor(gage &on(ra&( o Pre%erve (*e proper(' dring appeal or (o aid ee&(ion o) 9dgmen( F(*er rea%on% (*e &or( )ind% (*a( (*e appoin(men( o) a re&eiver i% (*e mo%( &onvenien( o and )ea%ile mean% o) admini%(ering (*e proper(' See%(r See%(ra(ion a(ion pro&eeding% pro&eeding% ' (*e PC// are a3in (o re&eiver re&eiver%*ip %*ip and a((a&*men( a((a&*men($$ 4Repli& 4Repli& v Saldare%, 2###
S'(- 2- "+, +, +*,)',) + .'('*='."'+.' "'+ .' */*,; )' +. +.'. '. +*,)*,; +*,)*,; .'(' .'('*='. *='. )' (+/.) << .'B/*.' .'B/*.' )' <*(,) <*(,) )+ *<' +, ''(/)' )+ )' .) ;*,) + )' <*()*+, * .'',)' .'',)'! ! *, , +/,) )+ ' *' )' (+/.)! )+ )' ''() )) )' <*( <*(,) ,) *<< /( .) << ;' ;' ' /)*, /)*, .' .'+, +, + )' +*,) +*,)',) ',) + /( .'('*='. .'('*='. *, (' )' <*(, <*(,)) < <<< =' .+(/.' .+(/.' /( +*,)',) +*,)',) *)+/) /*(*',) (/' , )' (+/.) ! *, *) *(.')*+,! ) , )*' )'. )' +*,)',)! .'B/*.' , *)*+,< +, /.)'. '(/.*) +. /( ;'-
S'(- 3- D',*< + <*()*+ <*()*+, , +. *(.;' + .'('*='.T' <*()*+, <*()*+, ' ',*'! +. )' .'('*='. .'('*='. *( *(.; .;'! '! ', )' ='.' ='.' .) .) *<' *<' +, ''(/)' )+ )' <*(,)! *, , +/,) )+ ' *' )' (+/.)! )+ )' ''() )) /( .) *<< )' <*(,) << ;' ' /'. .'+, + )' ()! +**+,! +. +)'. ))'. '(**' *, )' <*()*+, ;.+/, +. /( +*,)',)- T' .'('*='. <+ ' *(.;' *(.;' * *) * +, )) * +*,)',) +)*,' *)+/) /*(*',) (/'
8iling o) a &on(erond: o i%&*arge% a re&eiver, or o enie% an appli&a(ion Re&eiver ma' al%o e di%&*arged i) i( i% %*own (*a( *i% appoin(men( wa% wi(*o( %))i&ien( &a%e$
S'(- 4- O) , +, + .'('*='."'+.' ',)'.*,; /+, * /)*'! )' .'('*='. << ' +., )+ '.+. )' *)/<<! , << *<' +,! ''(/)' )+ /( '.+, , *, /( / )' (+/.) *.'()! )+ )' ''() )) ' *<< *)/<< *(.;' * /)*' *, )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; , +' )' +.'. + )' (+/.)
Can an agreemen( %(ipla(e (*a( (*e re&eiver% ond &an e di%pen%ed wi(*< De%$ 4Ci(ian3 v CA, 1555 o
2
Sec. )1. /ppointment of receiver.
0he court may appoint a rece iver of the property of the j udgment obligor% and it may also forbid a transfer or other disposition of, or any interference ith, the property of the judgment obligor not eempt from eecution.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
( in (*a( %ame &a%e, (*e SC *eld (*a( (*e re&eiver%*ip wa% de)e&(ive e&a%e o) (*e re&eiver% )ailre (o (a3e (*e oa(*$
S'(- 5- S'.=*(' + (+*' + +, ''() + *.+=< + 'T' '.+, *<*,; +, *, ((+.,(' *) )' .+=**+, + )* R/<' << +.)*) '.=' (+ )'.'+ +, '( *,)'.')' .)! + '(') )+ *) /*(*',( +. + )' /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+,I '*)'. )' <*(,)G +. )' .'('*='.G +, * +/, )+ ' *,/*(*',) *, +/,)! +. * )' /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+, *< )+ :/)*! , +, /*(*',) *, +/,) *) /*(*',) /.')*' .+=' )'. :/)**()*+, * ,+) *<' +.)*)! )' <*()*+, << ' ',*' +. )' .'('*='. *(.;'! )' (' '- I )' +, + )' ='.' .) * +/, )+ ' *,/*(*',) *, +/,) +. )' /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+, *< )+ :/)*! , +, /*(*',) *, +/,) *) /*(*',) /.')*' .+=' )'. :/)**()*+, * ,+) *<' +.)*)! )' .'('*='. << ' +*,)' +. .'&+*,)'! )' (' 'S'(- 6- ','.< +'. + .'('*='.S/:'() )+ )' (+,).+< + )' (+/.) *, *( )' ()*+, +. .+(''*,; * ',*,;! .'('*='. << =' )' +'. )+ .*,; , '',! *, /( ((*)! ()*+, *, * +, ,' )+ )' , '' +'*+, + )' .+'.) *, (+,).+='. )+ .'('*=' .',) )+ (+<<'() ') /' )+ *'< .'('*='. +. )+ )' /,! .+'.)! '))'! '.+,! +. (+.+.)*+, + *( ' * )' .'('*='. )+ (++/, +. , (+.+*' )' ' )+ ' ).,'. )+ +/)),*,; ') )+ *=*' )' +,' , +)'. .+'.) )) << .'*, +,; )' '.+, <';<< ',)*)<' )+ .'('*=' )' ' , ;','.<< )+ + /( () .''()*,; )' .+'.) )' (+/.) /)+.*'- H+'='.! /, *, )' , + .'('*='. ' *,=')' +,< +.'. + )' (+/.) /+, )' .*))', (+,',) + << )' .)*' )+ )' ()*+,- N+ ()*+, ' *<' +. ;*,) .'('*='. *)+/) <'=' + )' (+/.) *( +*,)' *
Re&eiver%*ip onl' &over% a&(% o) admini%(ra(ion, re&eiver &an( do a&(% o) owner%*ip
S'(- 7- L**<*) +. .'/< +. ,';<'() )+ '<*='. .+'.) )+ .'('*='.A '.+, + .'/' +. ,';<'()! /+, .'+,<' ',! )+ '<*='. )+ )' .'('*='. << )' .+'.)! +,'! ++! ''! ,+)'! *<<! +(/',) , '. *)*, * +'. +. (+,).+
S'(- 8- T'.*,)*+, + .'('*='.* (+',)*+, + .'('*='.W','='. )' (+/.)! +)/ .+.*+ +. +, +)*+, + '*)'. .)! << ')'.*,' )) )' ,'('*) +. .'('*='. ,+ <+,;'. '*)! *) <
S'(- 9- J/;',) )+ *,(
RULE 60 REPLEVIN S'()*+, 1- A<*()*+,A .) .*,; +. )' .'(+='. + +'*+, + '.+,< .+'.) ! ) )' (+',('',) + )' ()*+, +. ) , )*' '+.' ,'.! < +. , +.'. +. )' '<*='. + /( .+'.) )+ *! *, )' ,,'. '.'*,)'. .+=*'
Cover% onl' per%onal proper(' o A&(all' &over% %pe&i)i& per%onal proper(' 7*en: a( (*e &ommen&emen( o) (*e a&(ion or an' (ime e)ore an%wer o Compare (o o(*er prov rem%, w*ere 'o &an appl' an'(ime w*ile (*e a&(ion i% pending 4or in re&eiver%*ip, even a)(er
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*a( i) an%wer alread' given< K%( go )or a((a&*men(, ( 'o won( ge( (*e %pe&i)i& proper(', and (*e grond% )or i%%an&e m%( e pre%en($ 7*a( i) per%onal proper(' i% peri%*ale< /o )or a((a&*men( %in&e i( allow% )or (*e %ale o) (*e proper('$ K%( ma3e %re (*e grond% are pre%en($ Replevin i% a prov rem, rememer (*a($ *e main a&(ion i% re&over' o) po%%e%%ion o) proper('$
S'(- 2- A*=*) , +,T' <*(,) /) + * +, *=*) +. )) + +' +)'. '.+, + '.+,<< ,+ )' ()> ?@ T) )' <*(,) * )' +,'. + )' .+'.) (<*'! .)*(/<.< '(.**,; *)! +. * ',)*)<' )+ )' +'*+, )'.'+ ?@ T) )' .+'.) * .+,;/<< ')*,' )' ='.' .)! <<';*,; )' (/' + ')',)*+, )'.'+ ((+.*,; )+ )' ') + * ,+<';'! *,+.)*+,! , '<*' ?(@ T) )' .+'.) ,+) '', *).*,' +. )', +. ) '',) +. *,' /./,) )+ <! +. '*' /,'. .*) + ''(/)*+, +. .'<**,. ))(',)! +. +)'.*' <(' /,'. (/)+* <';*! +. * + '*'! )) *) * '') .+ /( '*/.' +. (/)+ , ?@ T' ()/< .') =
7*a( %*old (*e a))idavi( &on(ain< o Appli&an( i% (*e owner o) (*e (*ing, or i% en(i(led (o po%%e%%ion (*ereo) Proper(' i% wrong)ll' de(ained o !) (*e de(en(ion i% a&(all' allowed ' law, (*en no replevin 4win A&e Holding v R)ina, 2##6, w*erein gin o((le% were %ed and allowed ' law (o e %ed )or %(oring %3a and pa(i%$ o Proper(' i% no( law)ll' (a3en Law)ll' (a3en: lev', ee&(ion, &%(odia legi%, (a a%%e%%men(, nder preliminar' a((a&*men( C%(odia legi%: %9e&(ed (o (*e o))i&ial &%(od' o) 9di&ialee&(ive o))i&er in pr%an&e o) *i% ee&(ion o) a legal wri( A % imponded a)(er an a&&iden( i% not nder law)l &%(od' o %in&e (*ere i% no law a(*ori.ing %&*$ !( viola(e% (*e Con%(i((ional rig*( o) nlaw)l %ei.re%$ Hen&e, i( &an e %9e&( (o a replevin$ 4Sperline% v PNCC, 2##I o Log% nder ENR &%(od' a%ed on a law)l ENR order &an NF e relea%ed 4agdag v Paderanga, 2##J Eviden&e %ei.ed nder %ear&* warran(% or valid warran(le%% o %ear&*e% &an NF e relea%ed$ *e 8= o) (*e proper(' o How m&* i% (*e ond< FULE (*e vale o) (*e proper(' o Fnl' prov rem w*ere i(% dole (*e vale
S'(- 3- O.'.U+, )' *<*,; + /( *=*) , .+=< + )' +,! )' (+/.) << */' , +.'. , )' (+..'+,*,; .*) + .'<'=*, '(.**,; )' '.+,< .+'.) <<';' )+ ' .+,;/<< ')*,' , .'B/*.*,; )' '.* +.)*) )+ )' /( .+'.) *,)+ * (/)+S'(- 4- D/) + )' '.*U+, .'('*=*,; /( +.'.! )' '.* /) '.=' (+ )'.'+ +, )' ='.' .)! )+;')'. *) (+ + )' <*()*+,! *=*) , +,! , /) +.)*) )' )' .+'.)! * *) ' *, )' +'*+, + )' ='.' .)! +. * ;',)! , .')*, *) *, * (/)+- I )' .+'.) +. , .) )'.'+ ' (+,('<' *, /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.'! )' '.* /) ', *) '<*='.! , * *) ' ,+) '<*='.'! ' /) (/' )' /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.' )+ ' .+', +', , )' )' .+'.) *,)+ * +'*+,- A)'. )' '.* )', +'*+, + )' .+'.) '.'*, .+=*'! ' /) '' *)
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*, '(/.' <(' , << ' .'+,*<' +. *) '<*='. )+ )' .) ',)*)<' )'.')+ /+, .'('*=*,; * '' , ,'('. '',' +. )*,; , ''*,; )' 'S'(- 5- R')/., + .+'.)I )' ='.' .) +:'() )+ )' /*(*',( + )' <*(,)G +,! +. + )' /.') +. /.')*' )'.'+,! ' (,,+) *'*)'< .'B/*.' )' .')/., + )' .+'.)! /) * ' +' ,+) + +:'()! ' ! ) , )*' '+.' )' '<*='. + )' .+'.) )+ )' <*(,)! .'B/*.' )' .')/., )'.'+! *<*,; *) )' (+/.) '.' )' ()*+, * ',*,; +, ''(/)' )+ )' <*(,)! *, +/<' )' =
*e adver%e par(' &an )ile a &on(erond 4wor(* dole (*e vale o) (*e proper(' (o preven( (*e deliver' o) (*e proper(' ' (*e %*eri)) (o (*e appli&an($ 4%o, (*i% &an e availed o) e)ore (*e %*eri)) deliver% (*e proper(' (o (*e appli&an( ( i) wi(*in ? da'%: o No o9e&(ion i% made F9e&(ion i% made ( i% overrled ' (*e &or( Con(erond i% in%))i&ien( *en (*e proper(' will e delivered (o (*e appli&an($ o 7*a(% 'or remed' i) (*e proper(' *a% alread' een delivered (o (*e appli&an(< !n(ervene, ( po%%e%%ion &an( e given (o 'o$ a)deliver na eh.
S'(- 7- P.+(''*,; '.' .+'.) (<*' )*. '.+,I )' .+'.) )', * (<*' , '.+, +)'. ), )' .) ;*,) + )' .*) + .'<'=*, '', */' +. * ;',)! , /( '.+, ' , *=*) + * )*)<' )'.')+! +. .*;) )+ )' +'*+, )'.'+! ))*,; )' ;.+/, )'.'+.! , '.=' /( *=*) /+, )' '.* *<' )' <))'. +'*+, + )' .+'.) , (+ )'.'+ /+, )' <*(,)! )' '.* << ,+) ' +/, )+ '' )' .+'.) /,'. .'<'=*, +. '<*='. *) )+ )' <*(,) /,<' )' <*(,) +. * ;',)! +, ', + * '.*! << *<' +, .+=' )' (+/.) )+ *,',* )' )*.&.) (<*,) *, / ,+) <' ), )' =
Similar (o (*e rle in a((a&*men( 4&ompare wi(* ee&(ion
S'(- 8- R')/., + '.T' '.* /) *<' )' +.'.! *) * .+(''*,; *,+.' )'.'+,! *) )' (+/.) *)*, )', ?10@ )'. )*,; )' .+'.) ',)*+,' )'.'*,S'(- 9- J/;',)A)'. ).*< + )' */'! )' (+/.) << ')'.*,' + )' .*;) + +'*+, )+ , )' =
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 10- J/;',) )+ *,(
RULE 61 SUPPORT PENDENTE LITE S'()*+, 1- A<*()*+,A) )' (+',('',) + )' .+'. ()*+, +. .+(''*,;! +. ) , )*' .*+. )+ )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'.! ='.**' <*()*+, +. /+.) ',',)' <*)' ' *<' , .) ))*,; )' ;.+/, +. )' (<* , )' *,,(*< (+,*)*+, + +) .)*'! , ((+,*' *=*)! '+*)*+, +. +)'. /)',)*( +(/',) *, /+.) )'.'+S'(- 2- C+',)A (+ + )' <*()*+, , << /+.)*,; +(/',) << ' '.=' /+, )' ='.' .)! + << =' *=' ?5@ )+ (+',) )'.'+, /,<' *'.',) '.*+ * *' )' (+/.) /+, * +)*+,- T' (+',) << ' ='.**' , << ' ((+,*' *=*)! '+*)*+, +. +)'. /)',)*( +(/',) *, /+.) )'.'+S'(- 3- H'.*,;A)'. )' (+',) * *<'! +. )'. )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ +. *) *<*,;! )' <*()*+, << ' ') +. '.*,; ,+) +.' ), ).'' ?3@ )'.')'.- T' () *, */' << ' .+=' *, )' ' ,,'. * .+=*' +. '=*',(' +, +)*+,S'(- 4- O.'.T' (+/.) << ')'.*,' .+=**+,<< )' '.)*,',) ()! , << .','. /( +.'. :/)*(' , 'B/*) .'B/*.'! =*,; /' .';. )+ )' .+<' +/)(+' + )' (' , /( +)'. (*.(/),(' * *, )' .+'. .'+
7*en: an' (ime prior (o 9dgmen( or )inal order How: veri)ied appli&a(ion %(a(ing (*e grond% o) (*e &laim and (*e )inan&ial &ondi(ion% o) o(* par(ie% o HFL UP HERE, SFNB on( 'o need a ond
S'(- 5- E,+.('',) + +.'.I )' ='.' .) *< )+ (+< *) , +.'. ;.,)*,; /+.) ',',)' <*)'! )' (+/.) <
!) (*ere i% re)%al (o &ompl' wi(* (*e &or( order (o give %ppor(, w*a( in (*e world *appen%<
(
i'e hen you go to 3aury and tells you, 4you are 560 the father. /nd you start jumping up and don li 'e a madman.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
o
*e &or( &an order ee&(ion 4wi(*o( pre9di&e (o &on(emp($ !n(ere%(ingl': (*ere are onl' 7F in%(an&e% w*ere (*ere &an e wri( o) ee&(ion even w*en (*ere i% no ) inal 9dgmen($ 7*en< Se&re($>
S'(- 6- S/+.) *, (.**,< ('I, (.**,< ()*+, '.' )' (*=*< <**<*) *,(
Applied in rape &a%e%$ Appli&a(ion %*old e )iled %&&e%%ivel' ' (*e o))ended, *er paren(%, grandparen(% or gardian and (*e S(a(e$
S'(- 7- R')*)/)*+,W', )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. + )' (+/.) *, )) )' '.+, + '', .+=**,; /+.) ',',)' ', ',)' <*)' * ,+) <*<' )'.'+.! )'.'+.! *) < <<< +. +.'. '. )' .'( .'(**' **',) ,) )'. )'.'+ '+ )+ .')/ .')/., ., )+ )' +.'. )' +/,) <.' * *) <';< *,)'.') .+ )' )' + ()/< ',)! *)+/) .':/*(' )+ )' .*;) + )' .'(**',) )+ +)*, .'*/.'',) *, '.)' ()*+, .+ )' '.+, <';<< +<*;' )+ ;*=' )' /+.)- S+/< )' .'(**',) *< )+ .'*/.' * +/,)! )' '.+, + .+=*' ).+/; ).+/; ' <*'*' '' .'*/.'',) )'.'+ *, '.)' ()*+, .+ )' '.+, <';<< +<*;' )+ ;*=' /( /+.)
REAM =UNAB
SPECIAL CIVIL ACTIONS RULE 62 INTERPLEADER S'()*+, 1- W', *,)'.<''. .+'.W','='. (+,<*()*,; (<* /+, )' ' /:'() ))'. .' +. ' ' ;*,) '.+, + (<* ,+ *,)'.') )'='. *, )' /:'() ))'.! +. , *,)'.') *( *, +<' +. *, .) * ,+) */)' )' (<*,)! ' .*,; , ()*+, ;*,) )' (+,<*()*,; (<*,) )+ (+'< )' )+ *,)'.<' , <*)*;)' )'*. '='.< (<* +,; )''<='S'(- 2- O.'.U+, )' *<*,; + )' (+<*,)! )' (+/.) << */' , +.'. .'B/*.*,; )' (+,<*()*,; (<*,) )+ *,)'.<' *) +,' ,+)'.- I )' *,)'.') + :/)*(' + .'B/*.'! )' (+/.) *.'() *, /( +.'. )) )' /:'() ))'. ' * +. '<*='.' )+ )' (+/.)
7*' wold one )ile an in(erpleader< *ere are or ma' e &on)li&(ing &laim% pon (*e %ame %9e&( ma((er o o Again%( a per%on w*o ei(*er Claim% NF in(ere%(, Fr *i% in(ere%( i% NF di%p(ed *e &on)li&(ing &laiman(% are &alled (o in(erplead and li(iga(e among%( (*em%elve% o !n(erpleader i% proper no( (o pro(e&( a per%on again%( dole liaili(' ( (o pro(e&( *im again%( dole vea(ion in re%pe&( o) one liaili('$ Proper w*en le%%ee doe% no( 3now (*e per%on (o w*om ren(al% will e paid$ 4F&o v o irona, 2##?, w*ere nlaw)l de(ainer wa% )iled again%( a le%%ee w*o did no( pa' ren( (o (*e proper per%on$ SC %aid (*e le%%ee %*old *ave )iled )or in(erpleader i) %*e wa%n( %re w*o (o pa' i))eren(ia(e )rom in(erven(ion$ !n in(erven(ion, (*ere i% alread' a pending &a%e$ o Here, (*e appli&an( %(ill *a% (o ini(ia(e (*e a&(ion$ o
S'(- 3- S/+,)
1# Support pendente lite and 2# hen the court finds out that the purported indigent party is not in fact an indigent party for purposes of filing fees
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S/+, << ' '.=' /+, )' (+,<*()*,; (<*,)! )+;')'. *) (+ + )' (+<*,) , +.'.-
S'(- 4- M+)*+, )+ **W*)*, )' )*' +. *<*,; , ,'.! '( (<*,) *<' +)*+, )+ ** +, )' ;.+/, + *.+.*') *.+.*') + )' *,)'.<''. ()*+, +. +, +)'. .+.*)' .+.*)' ;.+/, '(**' *, R/<' 16- T' '.*+ )+ *<' )' ,'. << ' )+<<' , * )' +)*+, * ',*'! )' +=,) *<' * ,'. *)*, )' .'*,*,; '.*+! /) *( << ,+) ' <' ), *=' ?5@ *, , '=',)! .'(+,' .+ ,+)*(' + ',*<-
S'(- 5- A,'. , +)'. <'*,;E( (<*,) << *<' * ,'. '))*,; +.) * (<* *)*, *)'', ?15@ .+ '.=*(' + )' /+, /+, *! '.=*,; (+ )'.'+ /+, '( + )' +)'. (+,<*()*,; (<*,) + *<' )'*. .'< )'.')+ .+=*' )'' R/<'- I , (<*,) *< )+ <' *)*, )' )*' '.'*, *'! )' (+/.) ! +, +)*+,! '(<.' * *, '/<) , )'.')'. .','. :/;',) ..*,; * .+ , (<* *, .''() )+ )' /:'() ))'.T' .)*' *, , *,)'.<''. ()*+, *<' (+/,)'.(<*! (.+&(<*! )*.&.) (+<*,) , .'+,*=' <'*,; )'.')+! .+=*' )'' R/<'
No(e (*a( 'o &an )ile &on(er&laim% in 'or an%wer (o an in(erpleader$ 8ailre (o %e( p a &ompl%or' &on(er&laim i% a 7A!ER (o %&* &laim$ 4Arre.a v ia., o 2##1, w*ere (*e lo%ing par(' in an in(erpleader )ailed (o rai%e a &laim o) reimr%emen($ A)(er %*e lo%(, %*e )iled a &laim )or reimr%emen(, ( (*i% wa% deemed waived
S'(- 6- D')'.*,)*+,A)'. )' <'*,; + )' (+,<*()*,; (<*,) =' '', *<'! , .'&).*< '', (+,/()' *, ((+.,(' *) )' R/<'! )' (+/.) << .+('' )+ ')'.*,' )'*. .''()*=' .*;) , :/*()' )'*. '='.< (<*
oe% a wri( o) po%%e%%ion ne&e%%aril' )ollow an ad9di&a(ion on an in(erpleader< No, no( ne&e%%aril'$ epend% on (*e )a&(% o) (*e &a%e$ o !n =aglen(e v Padilla Padilla 42##I, (*e i%%e wa% w*o e(ween e(ween 2 par(ie% par(ie% *ad (*e rig*( o) )ir%( o re)%al (o pr&*a%e proper('$ A)(er (*e &or( rled on (*e in(erpleader )or one par(', (*e winning par(' moved )or a wri( o) po%%e%%ion$ *e SC rled (*a( (*e in(erpleader merel' re%olved (*e e%(ion o) w*o &old pr&*a%e (*e proper(', no(*ing more$ Fwner%*ip *ad no( 'e( (ran%)erred (o (*e winning par(', (*e' onl' *ad (*e rig*( (o pr&*a%e (*e proper('$
S'(- 7- D+(') , +)'. </< ''! (+) , <*)*;)*+, '',' <*',T' +(') , +)'. </< '' * )' .) + *<' (+<*,) /,'. )* R/<'! '<< )' (+) , <*)*;)*+, '','! << (+,)*)/)' <*', +. (.;' /+, )' /:'() ))'. + )' ()*+,! /,<' )' (+/.) << +.'. +)'.*'
*e )iling )ee% i% paid ' (*e par(' w*o )iled (*e &omplain($ ( *e i% en(i(led (o a lien on (*e 9dgmen( award (o reimr%e reimr%e *im )or (*e )iling )ee% %in&e o *e i% no( a real par(' in in(ere%( an'wa'$
RULE 63 DECLARATORY RELIEF AND SIMILAR REMEDIES S'()*+, 1- W+ *<' ')*)*+,A, '.+, *,)'.')' *,)'.')' /,' /,'. . '' ''! ! *<
A, () ()*+, *+, +. )' .' .'+. +.) )*+, *+, + , *, *,)./ )./' ',)! ,)! )+ B/* B/*') ') )*)<' )*)<' )+ .' .'< < .+ .+' '.) .) +. .' .'+= +=' ' (<+ (<+/ / )'.'.+! +. )+ (+,+<*)' +,'.* /,'. A.)*(<' 1607 + )' C*=*< C+'! ' .+/;) /,'. )* R/<'
Rle 6;, Se& 1 &over% %&enario%: o e&lara(or' relie) o @F(*er %imilar remedie% remedie% w*i&* &an e rog*( rog*( nder an a&(ion )or de&lara(or' de&lara(or' relie)
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re)orma(ion 4rememer Civil Code provi%ion% on (*i% one ie(ing (i(le removal o) &lod% ? &on%olida(e owner%*ip 4%all' in pa&(o de re(ro %ale% Rei%i(e% Rei%i(e% )or de&lara( de&lara(or' or' relie) 4Almeda v a(*ala, a(*ala, 2##J, w*ere w*ere a lea%e &on(ra&( &on(ra&( wa% nder i%%e: S9e S9e&( &( ma((er ma((er o) (*e &on(ro &on(rover ver%' %' m%( m%( e a deed, deed, will, will, &on(r &on(ra&( a&( or o(*er o(*er wri((e wri((en n o in%(rmen(, %(a((e, EF, regla(ion or ordinan&e o erm% and (*e validi(' (*ereo) are do()l and reire 9di&ial &on%(r&(ion NF rea&* o) (*e do&men(% in e%(ion o o A&(al 9%(i&iale &on(rover%' or (*e ripening o) one e(ween adver%e par(ie% Ripe )or 9di&ial de(ermina(ion o Adea(e relie) i% no( availale el%ew*ere o So i) admini%(ra(ive remedie% are %(ill availale, (*en de&lara(or' relie) improper$ 4=e9ia v /aa'an, 2##? Prpo%e: de&lara(ion o) rig*(%d(ie% o o in(erpre(a(ion&on%(r&(ion o de(ermina(ion o) validi(' !mpor(an( (*a( NF rea&* *a% *appened 'e($ o !n =alana v apa, 2##5, an a&(ion )or ie(ing (i(le wa% rog*( nder Rle 6;, ( (*e SC %aid i( wa% improper e&a%e (*ere wa% alread' a rea&* 4re)%al (o va&a(e, %o an a&(ion pli&iana wa% (*e proper a&(ion$ So i) (*ere i% a pending nlaw)l de(ainer &a%e, de&lara(or' relie) will e improper a% well$ o 7*a( i) (*ere wa% a rea&*< e)ore a&(ion )iled: improper !) i( *app *appen ened ed dri dring ng (*e (*e pend penden en&' &' o) (*e (*e &a%e &a%e:: (*e (*e a&(i a&(ion on will will e &onver(ed (o an ordinar' &ivil a&(ion$ 4Se& 6 !n (*i% &a%e, 'o need (o pa' )iling )ee% pon &onver%ion$ o o Sir %a'% (*e &a%e i% %all' re-ra))led pon &onver%ion$ 7*ere do 'o )ile i(< o !( depend%$ !) a%ed on (*e )ir%( paragrap*: RC !) a%ed a%ed on (*e %e&ond paragrap* paragrap*:: *e rle% on de(erminin de(ermining g w*i&* &or( &or( *a% 9ri%di&(ion m%( %(ill e )ollowed$ )ollowed$ !) ie(ing o) (i(le o) proper(' onl' wor(* P>1#: =C 4=alana v appa !) re)orma(ion: RC 4%in&e in&apale o) pe&niar' e%(ima(ion Can 'o )ile a &on(er&laim (o de&lara(or' relie)< De%$ 4P!C v CA o Can (*ere e ee&(ion in a de&lara(or' relie)< De%$ 4= v =anila% 8ine%(, 2##I, w*ere poli&e re(iree% moved )or ee&(ion o) ad9%(ed o re(iremen( ene)i(% a%ed on a )avorale 9dgmen( in a &a%e o) de&lara(or' relie) Can 'o )ile a = a%ed on )ailre (o %(a(e a &a%e o) a&(ion< No, %in&e no rea&* 'e($ o
S'(- 2- P.)*'A<< '.+, + =' +. (<* , *,)'.') *( +/< ' '()' )' '(<.)*+, << ' ' .)*' , ,+ '(<.)*+, <
8ailre (o 9oin par(ie% w*o *ave an' in(ere%( in (*e ma((er will NF pre9di&e (*em$ 4Non-9oinder i% a grond )or di%mi%%al E&ep( i) a&(ion i% a%i-in-rem 4A(('$ /evara o o
S'(- 3- N+)*(' +, S+<*(*)+. ','.<-
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
I, , ()*+, *( *,=+<=' )' =<**) + ))/)'! ''(/)*=' +.'. +. .';/<)*+,! +. , +)'. ;+='.,',)< .';/<)*+,! )' S+<*(*)+. ','.< << ' ,+)**' )' .) *<*,; )' ' , << ' ',)*)<' )+ ' '. /+, /( B/')*+,-
S'(- 4- L+(< ;+='.,',) +.*,,('I, , ()*+, *,=+<=*,; )' =<**) + <+(< ;+='.,',) +.*,,('! )' (+..'+,*,; .+'(/)+. +. ))+.,' + )' <+(< ;+='.,',)< /,*) *,=+<=' << ' **<.< ,+)**' , ',)*)<' )+ ' '.- I /( +.*,,(' * <<';' )+ ' /,(+,)*)/)*+,
S(a((e, EF or regla(ion: no(i)' (*e FS/ Lo&al ordinan&e: alidi(': no(i)' (*e re%pe&(ive pro%e&(or o Con%(i((ionali(': no(i)' (*e FS/ o
S'(- 5- C+/.) ()*+, *(.')*+,.E(') *, ()*+, <<*,; /,'. )' '(+, .;. + '()*+, 1 + )* R/<'! )' (+/.)! +)/ .+.*+ +. /+, +)*+,! .'/' )+ ''.(*' )' +'. )+ '(<.' .*;) , )+ (+,)./' *,)./',) *, , (' '.' '(**+, +/< ,+) )'.*,)' )' /,('.)*,) +. (+,).+='. *( ;=' .*' )+ )' ()*+,! +. *, , (' '.' )' '(<.)*+, +. (+,)./()*+, * ,+) ,'('. , .+'. /,'. )' (*.(/),('
8or Par 1 o) Se& 1: Cor( &an mo( propio or pon mo(ion re)%e (o eer&i%e i(% power i) o 7old no( (ermina(e (*e n&er(ain(' e&lara(ion no( ne&e%%ar' and proper o ( )or Par 2 o) Se& 1 4re)orma(ion, ie(ing (i(le, e(&: Cor( a&(ion i% manda(or'
S'(- 6- C+,='.*+, *,)+ +.*,. ()*+,I '+.' )' *,< )'.*,)*+, + )' ('! .'( +. =*+<)*+, + , *,)./',) +. ))/)'! ''(/)*=' +.'. +. .';/<)*+,! +.*,,('! +. , +)'. ;+='.,',)< .';/<)*+, +/< )' <('! )' ()*+, )'.'/+, ' (+,='.)' *,)+ , +.*,. ()*+,! , )' .)*' << ' <<+' )+ *<' /( <'*,; ' ,'('. +. .+'.-
RULE 64 REVIEW OF JUDMENTS AND FINAL ORDERS OR RESOLUTIONS OF THE COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS AND THE COMMISSION ON AUDIT
S'()*+, 1- S(+'T* R/<' << ;+='., )' .'=*' + :/;',) , *,< +.'. +. .'+
S'(- 2- M+' + .'=*'A :/;',) +. *,< +.'. +. .'+
S'(- 3- T*' )+ *<' ')*)*+,T' ')*)*+, << ' *<' *)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ ,+)*(' + )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. +. .'+
S'(- 4- D+(') , +)'. </< ''U+, )' *<*,; + )' ')*)*+,! )' ')*)*+,'. << )+ )' (<'. + (+/.) )' +(') , +)'. </< '' , '+*) )' +/,) + P500-00 +. (+)-
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S'(- 5- F+. , (+,)',) + ')*)*+,T' ')*)*+, << ' ='.**' , *<' *, '*;)'', ?18@ <';*<' (+*'- T' ')*)*+, << ,' )' ;;.*'=' .) ')*)*+,'. , << :+*, .'+,',) )' C+**+, (+,('.,' , )' '.+, +. '.+, *,)'.')' *, /)*,*,; )' :/;',)! *,< +.'. +. .'+
S'(- 6- O.'. )+ (+',)I )' S/.'' C+/.) *, )' ')*)*+, /*(*',) *, +. , /),('! *) << +.'. )' .'+,',) )+ *<' )'*. (+',) +, )' ')*)*+, *)*, )', ?10@ .+ ,+)*(' )'.'+ +)'.*'! )' C+/.) ** )' ')*)*+, +/).*;)- T' C+/.) <+ ** )' ')*)*+, * *) *<' ,*')< +. '<! +. )' B/')*+, .*' .' )++ /,/),)*< )+ ..,) /.)'. .+(''*,;-
S'(- 7- C+',) + .'+,',)T' (+',) + )' .'+,',) << ' *<' *, '*;)'', ?18@ <';*<' (+*'- T' +.*;*,< << ' ((+,*' ('.)**' )./' (+*' + /( )'.*< +.)*+, + )' .'(+. .' .''..' )+ )'.'*, )+;')'. *) +)'. /+.)*,; '.- T' .'B/**)' ,/'. + (+*' + )' (+',) << (+,)*, <*, (+*' + << +(/',) ))(' )+ )' +.*;*,< , (+ )'.'+ << ' '.=' +, )' ')*)*+,'.N+ +)'. <'*,; ' *<' , .) /,<' .'B/*.' +. <<+' )' C+/.)-
S'(- 8- E'() + *<*,;T' *<*,; + ')*)*+, +. ('.)*+..* << ,+) ) )' ''(/)*+, + )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. +. .'+
S'(- 9- S/**+, +. '(**+,U,<' )' C+/.) ') )' (' +. +.< .;/',)! +. .'B/*.' )' .)*' )+ /*) '+.,! )' (' << ' ''' /*))' +. '(**+, /+, )' *<*,; + )' (+',) +, )' ')*)*+,! +. + /( +)'. <'*,; +. '. ' .'B/*.' +. <<+'! +. )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ )+ + +
*i% i% a&(all' a @pe(i(ion )or &er(iorari w*i&* will ge( 'o %(raig*( (o (*e SC$ !( *a% (*e %ame rei%i(e% a% Rle 6?$ a3e no(e: ;# da' NFN-e(endile period o *e period will e in(errp(ed i) 'o )ile an =R$ U (*e Ne'pe% rling will NF appl', %o i) 'ore =R i% denied, 'o onl' ge( (*e remaining period 4w*i&* %*oldn( e le%% (*an ? da'%$ Fnl' &over% de&i%ion% ' (*e: CF=ELEC o CFA o Li3e in Rle >;, ALL a((a&*men(% m%( e &er(i)ied (re &opie%$
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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RULE 65 CERTIORARI! PROHI"ITION AND MANDAMUS
*i% i% NF an appeal$ Frdinaril' )iled wi(* (*e CA )ir%(, and (*en (*e SC$ Rle 6? i% a (*ree-*eaded mon%(er: Cer(iorari o Pro*ii(ion o =andam% o 8or all (*ree, i( i% impor(an( (o re)er (o Rle >6, Se& ; %in&e Rle 6? i% an original a&(ion6 Do need (o %erve (*e pe(i(ion (o (*e o(*er par('$ o !) no(, di%mi%%ed$ o pli&a(e original% o) (*e de&i%ion% a%%ailed o), in%(ead o) &er(i)ied (re &opie%, are al%o allowed$ 4Rep v Carmel evelopmen(, 2##2
S'()*+, 1- P')*)*+, +. ('.)*+..*W', , ).*/,
Cer(iorari: o Again%( w*o: (rinal, oard, o))i&er o e%(ioning w*a(: 9di&ial or a%i-9di&ial Relie) %og*( )or: nlli)', %e( a%ide or modi)' (*e pro&eeding% o /R: no damage% Rei%i(e%: o /AALEK pre%en( No plain, availale, %peed' ordinar' remed' availale
S'(- 2- P')*)*+, +. .+**)*+,W', )' .+(''*,; + , ).*/,
+
Sec. (. 9ontents and fil ing of petition% effect of non:compliance ith re;uirements. 0he petition shall contain the full names and actual addresses of all the petitioners and respondents, a concise statement of the matters involved, the factual bac'ground of the case, and the grounds relied upon for the relief prayed for.
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T' ')*)*+, << <*'*' ' ((+,*' ('.)**' )./' (+ + )' :/;',)! +.'. +. .'+
Pro*ii(ion: o Again%( w*o: (rinal, oard, o))i&er, &orpora(ion, per%on o e%(ioning w*a(: 9di&ial, a%i-9di&ial, or mini%(erial =ini%(erial: li3e regi%(ra(ion or &an&ella(ion o) (i(le ' (*e R Relie) %og*( )or: de%i%( )rom )r(*er pro&eeding% o /R: No damage% Rei%i(e%: o /AALEK pre%en( No plain, availale, %peed' ordinar' remed' availale Hen&e, w*en (*e proper(ie% *ad alread' een levied, pro*ii(ion will e allowed$ No o(*er %peed' ordinar' remed'$ 4e.on Ci(' v a'an(el, 2##6, w*i&* wa% a (a &a%e w*erein a'an(el% proper(ie% were alread' levied e&a%e o) nonpa'men( o) real proper(' (ae%$ No need (o e*a%( admin remedie% a% well %in&e e%(ion wa% prel' on law
S'(- 3- P')*)*+, +. ,/W', , ).*/,
=andam%: Again%( w*o: (rinal, oard, o))i&er, &orpora(ion, per%on o o e%(ioning w*a(: =ini%(erial )n&(ion, or E&l%ion o) ano(*er )rom (*e %e and en9o'men( o) a rig*( or o))i&e (o w*i&* (*e o(*er i% en(i(led Compare (*i% wi(* o 7arran(o 4w*ere (*e one doing (*e e&lding i% a&(all' 3eeping o))i&e$ Here, i( &an e a (*ird per%on doing (*e e&lding Relie) %og*( )or: &ommand (o do (*e a&( reired wi(* damage% o Rei%i(e%: o No plain, availale, %peed' ordinar' remed' availale No need )or /AALEK =ini%(erial )n&(ion%: law %pe&i)i&all' en9oin% a% a d(' re%l(ing )rom an o))i&e, (r%(, or %(a(ion =ini%(erial w*en (*e di%&*arge o) (*e d(' reire% nei(*er (*e eer&i%e o) o))i&ial o di%&re(ion nor 9dgmen($ 4E%ivel v F=, 2##2 *e &ondi(ion% o) law m%( e &omplied wi(* e)ore mandam% &an lie$ 4Lamino v o Comele&, 2##6, w*erein (*e &ondi(ion% )or a proper ini(ia(ive and re)erendm wa% no( &omplied wi(*, %o mandam% will no( lie$ =andam% &an lie (o &ompel one (o e*ercise di%&re(ion 4a% oppo%ed (o de&iding in a &er(ain manner$ So mandam% will lie again%( (*e F= (o a&( on a &a%e$ o ( mandam% will NF lie again%( (*e NLRC (o &ond&( a *earing, e&a%e (*ere% no law &ompelling i( (o do %o$ =andam% will NF lie again%( a pro%e&(or (o )ile an in)orma(ion e&a%e (*e )iling i% NF a mini%(erial )n&(ion$ !( i% di%&re(ionar'$ 4E%ivel v F= =anadm% will NF lie (o &ompel a par(' (o a &on(ra&( (o aide ' (*e &on(ra&($ *a(% no( mini%(erial, i(% a &on(ra&(al oliga(ion$ Remed' i% %pe&i)i& per)orman&e$
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)*'< *<'! ')'. /( +)*+, * .'B/*.' +. ,+)! )' ')*)*+, << ' *<' ,+) <)'. ), *) ?60@ (+/,)' .+ )' ,+)*(' + )' ',*< + )' +)*+,I )' ')*)*+, .'<)' )+ , () +. , +**+, + /,*(*< ).*< (+/.) +. + (+.+.)*+,! +.! , +*('. +. '.+,! *) << ' *<' *) )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) ''.(**,; :/.**()*+, +='. )' )'..*)+.*< .' '*,' )' S/.'' C+/.)- I) <+ ' *<' *) )' C+/.) + A'< +. *) )' S,*;,,! ')'. +. ,+) )' ' * *, * + )' (+/.) '<<)' :/.**()*+,- I )' ')*)*+, *,=+<=' , () +. , +**+, + B/*&:/*(*< ;',(! /,<' +)'.*' .+=*' < +. )'' ./<'! )' ')*)*+, << ' *<' *) , ' (+;,*<' +,< )' C+/.) + A'<I, '<'()*+, (' *,=+<=*,; , () +. , +**+, + /,*(*< +. .';*+,< ).*< (+/.)! )' ')*)*+, << ' *<' '(
Period (o )ile: 6# da'% !) =R or =N i% )iled and (*en denied, new period o) 6# da'%$ o
S'(- 5- R'+,',) , (+) *, ('.)*, ('W', )' ')*)*+, *<' .'<)' )+ )' () +. +**+, + :/;'! (+/.)! B/*&:/*(*< ;',(! ).*/,
S'(- 6- O.'. )+ (+',)I )' ')*)*+, * /*(*',) *, +. , /),(' )+ :/)* /( .+('! )' (+/.) << */' , +.'. .'B/*.*,; )' .'+,',) +. .'+,',) )+ (+',) +, )' ')*)*+, *)*, )', ?10@ .+ .'('*) + (+ )'.'+- S/( +.'. << ' '.=' +, )' .'+,',) *, /( ,,'. )' (+/.) *.'()! )+;')'. *) (+ + )' ')*)*+, , , ,,'' )'.')+I, ')*)*+, +. ('.)*+..* '+.' )' S/.'' C+/.) , )' C+/.) + A'<! )' .+=**+, + '()*+, 2! R/<' 56! << ' +'.='- "'+.' ;*=*,; /' (+/.' )'.')+! )' (+/.) .'B/*.' )' .'+,',) )+ *<' )'*. (+',) )+! , ,+) +)*+, )+ **! )' ')*)*+,- T'.')'.! )' (+/.) .'B/*.' )' *<*,; + .'< , /( +)'. .'+,*=' +. +)'. <'*,; *) '' ,'('. , .+'.-
S'(- 7- E'*)*,; .+(''*,; *,:/,()*=' .'<*'- T' (+/.) *, *( )' ')*)*+, * *<' */' +.'. ''*)*,; )' .+(''*,;! , *) <+ ;.,) )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. +. .*) + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, +. )' .''.=)*+, + )' .*;) + )' .)*' ',*,; /( .+(''*,;- T' ')*)*+, << ,+) *,)'../) )' (+/.' + )' .*,(*< ('! /,<' )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. +. .*) + .'<**,. *,:/,()*+, '', */'! ',:+*,*,; )' /<*( .'+,',) .+ /.)'. .+(''*,; *) )' ('T' /<*( .'+,',) << .+('' *) )' .*,(*< (' *)*, )', ?10@ .+ )' *<*,; + ')*)*+, +. ('.)*+..* *) *;'. (+/.) +. ).*/,
!mpor(an(: even i) Rle 6? i% )iled, (*e pro&eeding% in (*e prin&ipal &a%e %*old %(ill &on(ine$ *e pli& re%ponden( %*old wi(*in 1# da'% &on(ine wi(* (*e prin&ipal &a%e$ UNLESS a RF or P! *a% een i%%ed$ o No(e (*i% )or prpo%e% o) rig*( (o %peed' (rial in &riminal pro&edre$
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H+'='.! )' (+/.) ** )' ')*)*+, * *) *, )' ' )',)< *)+/) '.*) +. .+'(/)' ,*')< +. '<! +. * )' B/')*+, .*' )'.'*, .' )++ /,/),)*< )+ .'B/*.' (+,*'.)*+,I, /( '=',)! )' (+/.) . *, =+. + )' .'+,',) ).'<' (+) +<*.*< ;*,) )' ')*)*+,'. , (+/,'
Cor( &an di%mi%% (*e pe(i(ion i) i(% pa(en(l' wi(*o( meri( or made ) or dela' or (oo n%%(an(ial$ o rele &o%(% &an e awarded again%( (*e pe(i(ioner and &on%el$ Con%el &an al%o e di%&iplined$ o
S'(- 9- S'.=*(' , ',+.('',) + +.'. +. :/;',)A ('.)**' (+ + )' :/;',) .','.' *, ((+.,(' *) )' <) .'('*,; '()*+, << ' '.=' /+, )' (+/.)! B/*&:/*(*< ;',(! ).*/,
RULE 66 #UO WARRANTO S'()*+, 1- A()*+, +='.,',) ;*,) *,*=*/<A, ()*+, +. )' //.)*+, + /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*' ' (+',(' ='.**' ')*)*+, .+/;) *, )' ,' + )' R'/<*( + )' P*<**,' ;*,)> ?@ A '.+, + //.! *,)./' *,)+! +. /,</<< +< +. ''.(*' /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*' ?@ A /<*( +*('. + +' +. /'. , () *(! )' .+=**+, + <! (+,)*)/)' ;.+/, +. )' +.'*)/.' + * +*(' +. ?(@ A, +(*)*+, *( () (+.+.)*+, *)*, )' P*<**,' *)+/) '*,; <';<< *,(+.+.)' +. *)+/) </< /)+.*) + )+ ()-
S'(- 2- W', S+<*(*)+. ','.< +. /<*( .+'(/)+. /) (+',(' ()*+,T' S+<*(*)+. ','.< +. /<*( .+'(/)+.! ', *.'()' )' P.'*',) + )' P*<**,'! +. ', /+, (+<*,) +. +)'.*' ' ;++ .'+, )+ '<*'=' )) , (' '(**' *, )' .'('*,; '()*+, (, ' ')<*' .++! /) (+',(' /( ()*+,-
S'(- 3- W', S+<*(*)+. ','.< +. /<*( .+'(/)+. (+',(' ()*+, *) '.**+, + (+/.)T' S+<*(*)+. ','.< +. /<*( .+'(/)+. ! *) )' '.**+, + )' (+/.) *, *( )' ()*+, * )+ ' (+',('! .*,; /( , ()*+, ) )' .'B/') , /+, )' .'<)*+, + ,+)'. '.+, /) *, /( (' )' +*('. .*,;*,; *) *.) .'B/*.' , *,',*) +. )' '',' , (+) + )' ()*+, *, , +/,) .+=' , )+ ' '+*)' *, )' (+/.) )' '.+, ) +' .'B/') , /+, +' .'<)*+, )' ' * .+/;)S'(- 4- W', '.*,; +, <*()*+, +. '.**+, )+ (+',(' ()*+,U+, <*()*+, +. '.**+, )+ (+',(' /( ()*+, *, ((+.,(' *) )' ,') .'('*,; '()*+,! )' (+/.) << *.'() )) ,+)*(' ' ;*=', )+ )' .'+,',) + )) ' ' '. *, ++*)*+, )'.')+ , * '.**+, * ;.,)'! )' (+/.) << */' , +.'. )+ )) ''()! (+*' + *( << ' '.=' +, << *,)'.')' .)*'! , )' ')*)*+, << )', ' *<' *)*, )' '.*+ +.'.' )' (+/.)S'(- 5- W', , *,*=*/< (+',(' /( , ()*+,A '.+, (<**,; )+ ' ',)*)<' )+ /<*( +*(' +. +*)*+, //.' +. /,</<< '< +. ''.(*' ,+)'. .*,; , ()*+, )'.'+. *, * +, ,'
o warran(o i% a preroga(ive wri( ' w*i&* (*e /overnmen( &an &all pon an' per%on (o %*ow ' w*a( warran( *e *old% a pli& o))i&e or eer&i%e% a pi& )ran&*i%e$ 7*o &ommen&e% an a&(ion )or o warran(o< *e Pre%iden(, dire&(ing (*e FS/ o o *e FS/, in (*e name o) (*e governmen( w*en *e *a% good rea%on
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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(*e FS/, pon (*e rela(ion and ree%( o) ano(*er per%on
7*'< U%rpa(ion o) pli& o))i&e, po%i(ion or )ran&*i%e Pli& o))i&er doe% an a&( w*i&* &on%(i((e% a grond )or )or)ei(re o) *i% o))i&e o A%%o&ia(ion no( dl' or legall' in&orpora(ed or wi(*o( law)l a(*ori(' a% (o a&( Li3e w*en a /FCC o))end% again%( i(% &*ar(er 4ivinagra&ia v CS, 2##5 or w*en a &orpora(ion de )a&(o% ei%(en&e i% impgned Can an individal *im%el) &ommen&e an a&(ion wi(*o( *elp )rom (*e FS/< De%$ Under w*a( grond< o Fnl' w*en *e &laim% (o e en(i(led (o a pli& o))i&e or po%i(ion %rped ' ano(*er 4Se& ? *e per%on in%(i((ing in *i% own e*al) m%( &laim and e ale (o %*ow (*a( *e i% en(i(led (o (*e o))i&e, o(*erwi%e (*e a&(ion ma' e di%mi%%ed a( an' %(age$ 4Lian v /ordon, 2##5, w*ere Lian wan(ed /ordon (o )or)ei( *i% %ea( in (*e Sena(e, ( Lian wa%n( en(i(led (o i ( an'wa', %o Lian *ad no %(anding (o )ile o warran(o o o
S'(- 6- P.)*' , (+,)',) + ')*)*+, ;*,) //.)*+,W', )' ()*+, * ;*,) '.+, +. //.*,; /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*'! )' ')*)*+, << ') +.) )' ,' + )' '.+, + (<* )+ ' ',)*)<' )'.')+! * ,! *) , ='.',) + * .*;) )+ )' ' , )) )' .'+,',) * /,</<< *, +'*+, )'.'+- A<< '.+, + (<* )+ ' ',)*)<' )+ )' /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*' ' ' .)*'! , )'*. .''()*=' .*;) )+ /( /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*' ')'.*,'! *, )' ' ()*+,-
S'(- 7- V',/'A, ()*+, /,'. )' .'('*,; * '()*+, (, ' .+/;) +,< *, )' S/.'' C+/.)! )' C+/.) + A'<! +. *, )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) ''.(**,; :/.**()*+, +='. )' )'..*)+.*< .' '.' )' .'+,',) +. , + )' .'+,',) .'*'! /) ', )' S+<*(*)+. ','.< (+',(' )' ()*+,! *) ' .+/;) *, R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) *, )' C*) + M,*<! *, )' C+/.) + A'<! +. *, )' S/.'' C+/.)
7*ere do 'o )ile< o RC w*ere RESPFNEN re%ide% o CA SC o Spe&ial rle: U i) (*e FS/ &ommen&e% (*e a&(ion, i( ma' e )iled in (*e RC o) =anila
S'(- 8- P'.*+ +. <'*,; , .+(''*,; ' .'/(' ()*+, ;*=', .'('',('T' (+/.) .'/(' )' '.*+ .+=*' )'' R/<' +. *<*,; <'*,; , +. << +)'. .+(''*,; *, )' ()*+, *, +.'. )+ '(/.' )' +) ''*)*+/ ')'.*,)*+, + )' ))'. *,=+<=' )'.'*, (+,*)',) *) )' .*;) + )' .)*'- S/( ()*+, ' ;*=', .'('',(' +='. , +)'. (*=*< ))'. ',*,; *, )' (+/.)-
S'(- 9- J/;',) '.' //.)*+, +/,W', )' .'+,',) * +/, ;/*<) + //.*,;! *,)./*,; *,)+! +. /,</<< +<*,; +. ''.(**,; /<*( +*('! +*)*+, +. .,(*'! :/;',) << ' .','.' )) /( .'+,',) ' +/)' , <)+;')'. '(
S'(- 10- R*;) + '.+, :/;' ',)*)<' )+ /<*( +*(' '<*='. + ++ , '. ;'I :/;',) ' .','.' *, =+. + )' '.+, ='..' *, )' (+<*,) )+ ' ',)*)<' )+ )' /<*( +*(' ' ! )'. )*,; )' +) + +*(' , ''(/)*,; , +*(*< +, .'B/*.' <! )' /+, *'< )' ''(/)*+, + )' +*('! , *'*)'< )'.')'. ', + )' .'+,',) << )' ++ , '. *, )' .'+,',)G (/)+ +. (+,).+< '.)*,*,; )+ )' +*(' )+ *( )' :/;',) .'<)'- I )' .'+,',) .'/' +. ,';<'() )+ '<*='. , ++ +. '. /./,) )+ /( ',! ' ' /,*' +. (+,)') =*,; *+'' </< +.'. + )' (+/.)- T' '.+, :/;' ',)*)<' )+ )' +*(' <+ .*,; ()*+, ;*,) )' .'+,',) )+ .'(+='. )' ;' /)*,' /( '.+, .'+, + )' //.)*+,-
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
*o%e w*o are ad9dged en(i(led (o o))i&e *ave a rig*( (o (*e deliver' o) oo3% and paper%$ !) (*e re%ponden( negle&(% (o deliver (*e oo3%, *e ma' e pni%*ed )or &on(emp($ o *e per%on ad9dged en(i(led (o o))i&e will al%o *ave a rig*( (o damage% 4%ee ne( %e&(ion$
S'(- 11- L**))*+,N+)*,; (+,)*,' *, )* R/<' << ' (+,)./' )+ /)+.*' , ()*+, ;*,) /<*( +*('. +. '<+'' +. * +/)'. .+ +*(' /,<' )' ' ' (+',(' *)*, +,' ?1@ '. )'. )' (/' + /( +/)'.! +. )' .*;) + )' ')*)*+,'. )+ +< /( +*(' +. +*)*+,! .+' ,+. )+ /)+.*' , ()*+, +. ;' *, ((+.,(' *) )' .+=**+, + )' ,') .'('*,; '()*+, /,<' )' ' ' (+',(' *)*, +,' ?1@ '. )'. )' ',). + )' :/;',) ')<**,; )' ')*)*+,'.G .*;) )+ )' +*(' *, B/')*+,
Pre%&rip(ive period )or o warran(o: 1 'ear )rom (*e &a%e o) %&* o%(er or (*e rig*( o) (*e pe(i(ioner aro%e Pre%&rip(ive period (o re&over damage% )rom a o warran(o 9dgmen(: 1 'ear )rom en(r' o) 9dgmen(
S'(- 12- J/;',) +. (+)I, , ()*+, .+/;) *, ((+.,(' *) )' .+=**+, + )* R/<'! )' (+/.) .','. :/;',) +. (+) ;*,) '*)'. )' ')*)*+,'.! )' .'<)+.! +. )' .'+,',)! +. )' '.+, +. '.+, (<**,; )+ ' (+.+.)*+,! +. +.)*+, )' (+)! :/)*(' .'B/*.'-
RULE 67 E$PROPRIATION
S'()*+, 1- T' (+<*,)T' .*;) + '*,',) +*, << ' ''.(*' )' *<*,; + ='.**' (+<*,) *( << ))' *) ('.)*,) )' .*;) , /.+' + '.+.*)*+,! '(.*' )' .'< +. '.+,< .+'.) +/;) )+ ' '.+.*)'! , :+*, '',,) << '.+, +,*,; +. (<**,; )+ +,! +. +((/*,;! , .) )'.'+ +. *,)'.') )'.'*,! +*,;! + . .()*(<'! )' '.)' *,)'.') + '( '',,)- I )' )*)<' )+ , .+'.) +/;) )+ ' '.+.*)' '. )+ ' *, )' R'/<*( + )' P*<**,'! <)+/; +((/*' .*=)' *,*=*/<! +. * )' )*)<' * +)'.*' +(/.' +. +/)/< + )) )' <*,)* (,,+) *) ((/.( +. ('.)*,) '(* + .' )' .'< +,'.! ='.',) )+ )) ''() << ' ' *, )' (+<*,)
7*o &an epropria(e< Na(ional governmen( o L/U o /overnmen( in%(rmen(ali(' o 7*ere do 'o )ile< RC *a% original 9ri%di&(ion, no ma((er (*e vale o) (*e proper(' (o e epropria(ed %in&e o (*e )o&% *ere i% on (*e eer&i%e o) (*e rig*( and power (o epropria(e$ 7*a( m%( e alleged< Rig*( and prpo%e o) epropria(ion o o e%&rip(ion o) (*e proper(' o Name% o) per%on%: Fwning or &laiming (o own i(, or Po%%e%%ing i(, or Having in(ere%( over i( =%( e ER!8!E$ o 7*a( i) (*e proper(' %og*( (o e epropria(ed appear% in (*e name o) (*e P*ilippine%< *e Repli& &an %(ill )ile a &omplain( again%( (*e priva(e per%on% o&&p'ing (*e proper('$ o !n %&* a &a%e, (*e owner o) (*e proper(' i% NF an indi%pen%ale par('$ 4Repli& v =ango(ara, 2#1# Hen&e, (*e )iling o) a &omplain( )or rever%ion doe% no( pre&lde (*e in%(i((ion )or an a&(ion o )or epropria(ion$ Even i) (*e land i% rever(ed a&3 (o (*e S(a(e, (*e %ame ma' %(ill e %9e&( (o epropria(ion a% again%( (*e o&&pan(% (*ereo)$ 4=ango(ara Can (*e &omplain( e wi(*drawn< De%, a% long a% (*ere i % no order o) epropria(ion 'e($ o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*a( i) (*ing% were demoli%*ed< /overnmen( ma' e liale ) or damage%$ 7*a( i) .omie% were )ond< *en rn )or 'or li)e$ Fr ri%3 wal3 4%in&e (*e' don( reall' rn, UNLESS 2J a'% La(er %&enario, w*erein .omie% a&(all' rn$ Fn&e (*ere i% an order o) epropria(ion, i( &an no longer e wi(*drawn$ o wo %(age% o) epropria(ion: alidi(' o) epropria(ion o e(ermina(ion o) 9%( &ompen%a(ion o oe% epropria(ion *ave (o e a&(al (a3ing o) (*e proper('< NF$ !( &an involve a %%(an(ial re%(ri&(ion or limi(a(ion o) (*e proper(' rig*(% o) a par('$ o !n NPC v San(a Loro 42##J, (*e NPC (raver%ed (*e par('% proper(' wi(* (ran%mi%%ion o line%$ NPC &laimed i( wa% onl' an ea%emen( and onl' wan(ed (o pa' 1#O o) (*e mar3e( vale o) (*e land$ *e SC %aid i( wa% epropria(ion and made i( liale )or 9%( &ompen%a(ion$
S'(- 2- E,). + <*,)* /+, '+*)*,; =
/R: en(r' onl' pon 9dgmen( and pa'men( o) 9%( &ompen%a(ion E0: !mmedia(e en(r' i% allowed ( i( depend% on (*e %i(a(ion and (*e rle% appli&ale: o Under Rle 6I: 8iling o) (*e &omplain( and de no(i&e (o (*e de)endan(, and epo%i( wi(* (*e a(*ori.ed governmen( depo%i(ar' an amon( eal (o (*e a%%e%%ed vale o) (*e proper(' Under (*e L/C: o 8iling o) &omplain( )or epropria(ion %))i&ien( in ) orm and %%(an&e, and epo%i( o) amon( eivalen( (o 1?O o) (*e 8= o) (*e proper(' (o e epropria(ed, a%ed on (*e la(e%( (a de&lara(ion U%ed in ardillon v g' =a%ili o) Calama 42##;, w*ere (*e aranga' wa% given a wri( o) po%%e%%ion a)(er &ompl'ing wi(* (*e L/C reiremen(%$ Under RA J5I> 4w*i&* applie% (o na(ional governmen( in)ra%(r&(re pro9e&(%I: o
7
Section 2. National Government Projects. : 0he term =national government projects= shall refer to all national government infrastructure, engineering or's and service contracts, including projects underta'en by government:oned and controlled corporations,all projects covered by Republic /ct 5o. +-*7, as amended by Republic /ct 5o. 771, otherise 'non as the >uild:6perate:and:0ransfer a, and other related and necessary activities, such as site ac;uisition, supply and?or installation of e;uipment and materials, implementation, construction, completion, operation, maintenance, improvement, repair, and rehabilitation, regardless of the source of funding. Section 3. Modes of Accounting Real Property. : 0he government may ac;uire real property needed as right:of:ay, site or locati on for any national government infrastructure project through donation, negotiated sale, epropriation or any other mode of ac;uisition as provided by la. Section 4. Guidelines for Expropriation Proceedings. : Whenever it is necessary to ac;uire real property for the right:of:ay or location for any national government infrastructure project through epropriation, the appropriate implementing agency shall initiate the epropriation proceedings before the proper court under the folloing guidelines! "a# @pon the filing of the complaint, and after due notice to the defendant, the implementing agency shall immediately pay the oner of the property the amount e;uivalent to the sum of "1# one hundred percent "1A# of the value of the property based on the current relevant &onal valuation of the >ureau of
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8iling o) &omplain( !mmedia(e pa'men( o) 1##O .onal or mar3e( vale o) (*e proper(' and (*e improvemen(% !) (*ere i% no .onal vale and (*e epropria(ion i% o) (mo%( impor(an(: )iling o) &omplain( and pa'men( o) pro)erred vale Seen in Repli& v Hol' rini(', w*ere land wa% epropria(ed (o epand NLE0 8or per%onal proper(', (*e vale i% provi%ionall' a%&er(ained )or depo%i(
S'(- 3- D'',' , +:'()*+,I '',,) ,+ +:'()*+, +. '',' )+ )' ()*+, +. )' )*,; + * .+'.)! ' *<' , '.=' ,+)*(' + '.,(' , ,*'))*+, )+ )) ''()! '(**(<< '*;,)*,; +. *',)**,; )' .+'.) *, *( ' (<* )+ ' *,)'.')'! *)*, )' )*' ))' *, )' /+,- T'.')'.! ' << ' ',)*)<' )+ ,+)*(' + << .+(''*,; '()*,; )' 'I '',,) , +:'()*+, )+ )' *<*,; + +. )' <<';)*+, *, )' (+<*,)! +. , +:'()*+, +. '',' )+ )' )*,; + * .+'.)! ' << '.=' * ,'. *)*, )' )*' ))' *, )' /+,T' ,'. << '(**(<< '*;,)' +. *',)* )' .+'.) *, *( ' (<* )+ =' , *,)'.')! ))' )' ,)/.' , ')',) + )' *,)'.') (<*'! , /(' << * +:'()*+, , '',' )+ )' )*,; + * .+'.)- N+ (+/,)'.(<*! (.+&(<* +. )*.&.) (+<*,) << ' <<';' +. <<+' *, )' ,'. +. , /'B/',) <'*,;A '',,) *=' << '',' , +:'()*+, ,+) + <<';' /) )' (+/.)! *, )' *,)'.') + :/)*('! '.*) ',',) )+ )' ,'. )+ ' ' ,+) <)'. ), )', ?10@ .+ )' *<*,; )'.'+H+'='.! ) )' ).*< + )' */' + :/) (+',)*+,! ')'. +. ,+) '',,) .'=*+/< '.' +. ,'.'! ' .'',) '=*',(' )+ )' +/,) + )' (+',)*+, )+ ' * +. * .+'.)! , ' .' *, )' *).*/)*+, + )' .
!) (*e de)endan( doe% no( o9e&( (o (*e epropria(ion: 8ile and %erve a no(i&e o) appearan&e and mani)e%(a(ion$ o He will e en(i(led (o no(i&e o) all pro&eeding%$ o !) (*e de)endan( o9e&(%: 8ile an%wer o ( NF &on(er&laim, &ro%%-&laim or (*ird-par(' &omplain( allowed$ o F9e&(ion% no( rai%ed are waived, nle%% (*e &or(, in (*e in(ere%( o) 9%(i&e allow% amendmen(% !=PFRAN: 7*e(*er (*e de)endan( o9e&(% or no(, *e ma' %(ill pre%en( eviden&e )or (*e %(age w*ere KUS CF=PENSA!FN i% de(ermined$
S'(- 4- O.'. + '.+.*)*+,I )' +:'()*+, )+ , )' '',' ;*,) )' .*;) + )' <*,)* )+ '.+.*)' )' .+'.) .' +='../<'! +. ', ,+ .) '. )+ '', .'B/*.' )* R/<'! )' (+/.) */' , +.'. + '.+.*)*+, '(<.*,; )) )' <*,)* </< .*;) )+ )' )' .+'.) +/;) )+ ' '.+.*)'! +. )' /<*( /' +. /.+' '(.*' *, )' (+<*,)! /+, )' ',) + :/) (+',)*+, )+ ' ')'.*,' + )' )' + )' )*,; + )' .+'.) +. )' *<*,; + )' (+<*,)! *('='. (' *.)A *,< +.'. /)*,*,; )' .*;) )+ '.+.*)' )' .+'.) ' '<' , .) ;;.*'=' )'.'- S/( '
*e &or( &an i%%e an order o) epropria(ion i) i( )ind% (*a( (*e plain(i)) *a% (*e law)l rig*( (o (a3e proper(' and (*a( i( i% )or pli& %e$ *i% order &an e appealed$ o U appeal will no( preven( (*e &or( )rom de(ermining (*e 9%( &ompen%a(ion (o e paid$
S'(- 5- A('.)*,',) + (+',)*+,U+, )' .',*)*+, + )' +.'. + '.+.*)*+,! )' (+/.) << +*,) ,+) +.' ), ).'' ?3@ (+')',) , **,)'.')' '.+, (+**+,'. )+ ('.)*, , .'+.) )+ )' (+/.) )' :/) (+',)*+, +. )' .+'.) +/;) )+ ' )',- T' +.'. + +*,)',) << '*;,)' )' )*' , <(' + )' *.) '*+, + )' '.*,; )+ ' '< )' (+**+,'. , '(* )' )*' *)*, *( )'*. .'+.) << ' /*))' )+ )' (+/.)C+*' + )' +.'. << ' '.=' +, )' .)*'- O:'()*+, )+ )' +*,)',) + , + )' (+**+,'. << ' *<' *) )' (+/.) *)*, )', ?10@ .+ '.=*('! , << ' .'+<=' *)*, )*.) ?30@ )'. << )' (+**+,'. << =' .'('*=' (+*' + )' +:'()*+,=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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S'(- 6- P.+(''*,; (+**+,'."'+.' ',)'.*,; /+, )' '.+.,(' + )'*. /)*'! )' (+**+,'. << )' , /(.*' , +) )) )' *<< *)/<< '.+. )'*. /)*' (+**+,'.! *( +) << ' *<' *, (+/.) *) )' +)'. .+(''*,; *, )' ('- E=*',(' ' *,).+/(' '*)'. .) '+.' )' (+**+,'. + .' /)+.*' )+ *,*)'. +) +, '.*,; '+.' )'! , )' (+**+,'. <
S'(- 7- R'+.) (+**+,'. , :/;',) )'.'/+,T' (+/.) +.'. )' (+**+,'. )+ .'+.) ', , .)*(/<. +.)*+, + )' .'< '))' << =' '', ' /+, )'! , .','. :/;',) /+, /( .)*< .'+.)! , *.'() )' (+**+,'. )+ .+('' *) )'*. +. )+ /'B/',) +.)*+, + )' .+'.) +/;) )+ ' '.+.*)'! , .+ )*' )+ )*' + '< *) /( .+'.)- T' (+**+,'. << ' /<< , ((/.)' .'+.) )+ )' (+/.) + << )'*. .+(''*,;! , /( .+(''*,; << ,+) ' ''()/< /,)*< )' (+/.) << =' ((')' )'*. .'+.) , .','.' :/;',) *, ((+.,(' *) )'*. .'(+',)*+,- E(') +)'.*' '.'< +.'.' )' (+/.)! /( .'+.) << ' *<' *)*, *) ?60@ .+ )' )' )' (+**+,'. '.' ,+)**' + )'*. +*,)',)! *( )*' ' ')',' *, )' *(.')*+, + )' (+/.)- U+, )' *<*,; + /( .'+.)! )' (<'. + )' (+/.) << '.=' (+*' )'.'+ +, << *,)'.')' .)*'! *) ,+)*(' )) )' .' <<+' )', ?10@ *)*, *( )+ *<' +:'()*+, )+ )' *,*,; + )' .'+.)! * )' + '*.'-
S'(- 8- A()*+, /+, (+**+,'.G .'+.)U+, )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ + )', ?10@ .''..' )+ *, )' .'('*,; '()*+,! +. '=', '+.' )' '*.)*+, + /( '.*+ /) )'. << )' *,)'.')' .)*' =' *<' )'*. +:'()*+, )+ )' .'+.) +. )'*. ))'',) + ;.''',) )'.'*)! )' (+/.) ! )'. '.*,;! ((') )' .'+.) , .','. :/;',) *, ((+.,(' )'.'*) +.! +. (/' +,! *) .'(+*) )' ' )+ )' (+**+,'. +. /.)'. .'+.) + () +. *) ') *' )' .'+.) , +*,) ,' (+**+,'. +. *) ((') )' .'+.) *, .) , .':'() *) *, .) , *) ' /( +.'. +. .','. /( :/;',) << '(/.' )+ )' <*,)* )' .+'.) '',)*< )+ )' ''.(*' + * .*;) + '.+.*)*+,! , )+ )' '',,) :/) (+',)*+, +. )' .+'.) + )',
K%( &ompen%a(ion m%( e (*e vale o) (*e proper(': (*e da(e o) (*e (a3ing o) (*e proper(' or o (*e )iling o) (*e &omplain(, o w*i&*ever &ame )ir%($ 7*a( ao( in(ere%(%< !n(ere%( i% (o e impo%ed on (*e 9%( &ompen%a(ion FNLD in &a%e o) dela' in i(% pa'men($ o !) (*e proper(' i% (a3en )or pli& %e E8FRE &ompen%a(ion i% depo%i(ed wi(* (*e &or(, o (*e )inal &ompen%a(ion m%( in&lde in(ere%(% on i(% 9%( vale, (o e &omp(ed )rom (*e (ime (*e proper(' i% (a3e p (o (*e (ime w*en &ompen%a(ion i% a&(all' paid or depo%i(ed wi(* (*e &or($ 4Apo 8ri(% v CA, 2##5 i))eren(ia(e wi(* Repli& v$ Hol' rini(' 42##J: !n(ere%(% earned from the ban+ deosit o of the &ust comensation i% owned ' (*e land owner, no( (*e governmen($ *e &or( will appoin( no( more (*an ; &ommi%%ioner% (o a%&er(ain (*e vale o) (*e proper('$ Non-&omplian&e wi(* (*i% %(ep i% a denial o) de pro&e%%$ o *e &ommi%%ioner% %*all a%%e%%: o (*e &on%een(ial damage% (o (*e proper(' no( (a3en and ded&( )rom %&* (*e &on%een(ial ene)i(% (o e derived ' (*e owner )rom (*e pli& %e or prpo%e o) (*e proper(' (a3en, (*e opera(ion o) i(% )ran&*i%e ' (*e
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&orpora(ion or (*e &arr'ing on o) (*e %ine%% o) (*e &orpora(ion or per%on (a3ing (*e proper('$ !=PFRAN: ( in no &a%e %*all (*e &on%een(ial ene)i(% a%%e%%ed e&eed (*e &on%een(ial damage% a%%e%%ed, or (*e owner e deprived o) (*e a&(al vale o) *i% proper(' %o (a3en$ *e &or( ma' a&&ep( or %e( a%ide (*e &ommi%%ioner% repor($ !( &an al%o re&ommi( i( (o a new %e( o) &ommi%%ioner%$ !( &an even par(iall' a&&ep( and par(iall' re9e&( (*e repor($ Rememer: de(ermina(ion o) 9%( &ompen%a(ion i% a KU!C!AL 8UNC!FN, %o (*e &or( *a% o &on(rol over (*e &ommi%%ioner%$ oe% (*e &or( *ave &on(rol over NA Commi%%ioner avid S(ern< No$ He &an ve(o an'(*ing (*a( *e wan(%$ 7*a( i) (*e epropria(or did no( )ile a &omplain( and %impl' en(ered (*e proper('< o *e o&&pan(owner &an )ile )or a &omplain( o) damage% or 9%( &ompen%a(ion$ o 'o need &ommi%%ioner% (o de(ermine damage% or 9%( &ompen%a(ion< NF$ 7*en (*ere i% no a&(ion )or epropria(ion and (*e &a%e involve% onl' a &omplain( )or damage% or 9%( &ompen%a(ion, Rle 6I will no( appl' and a (rial e)ore &ommi%%ioner% i% di%pen%ale$ ( i) &ommi%%ioner% are appoin(ed wi(*o( (*e o9e&(ion o) (*e par(ie%, (*en i(% no( improper$ 4Repli& v CA, Re'e%, 2##5 o !( &an even e ' %mmar' 9dgmen($ 4NPC v San(a Loro, w*ere (*ere wa% no &omplain( )or epropria(ion ( (*ere wa% a previo% agreemen( wi(* (*e land owner%$ *e land o) (*e neig*or% wa% even %ed (o peg (*e amon( (o e given (*e landowner%
S'(- 9- U,('.)*, +,'.* (+,<*()*,; (<*I )' +,'.* + )' .+'.) )', * /,('.)*,! +. )'.' .' (+,<*()*,; (<* )+ , .) )'.'+! )' (+/.) +.'. , / +. / .' (+',)*+, +. )' .+'.) )+ ' * )+ )' (+/.) +. )' ','*) + )' '.+, :/;' *, )' ' .+(''*,; )+ ' ',)*)<' )'.')+- "/) )' :/;',) << .'B/*.' )' ',) + )' / +. / .' )+ '*)'. )' '',,) +. )' (+/.) '+.' )' <*,)* (, ',)'. /+, )' .+'.)! +. .')*, *) +. )' /<*( /' +. /.+' * ',). <.' '', '-
S'(- 10- R*;) + <*,)* )'. :/;',) , ',)U+, ',) )' <*,)* )+ )' '',,) + )' (+',)*+, *' )' :/;',)! *) <';< *,)'.') )'.'+, .+ )' )*,; + )' +'*+, + )' .+'.)! +. )'. )','. )+ * + )' +/,) + *' , ',) + )' (+)! )' <*,)* << =' )' .*;) )+ ',)'. /+, )' .+'.) '.+.*)' , )+ .+.*)' *) +. )' /<*( /' +. /.+' '*,' *, )' :/;',)! +. )+ .')*, *) +/< ' =' )', *'*)' +'*+, )'.'+ /,'. )' .+=**+, + '()*+, 2 '.'+- I )' '',,) , * (+/,'< ',) )''<=' .+ )' (+/.)! +. '(<*,' )+ .'('*=' )' +/,) )','.'! )' ' << ' +.'.' )+ ' '+*)' *, (+/.) , /( '+*) << =' )' ' ''() ()/< ',) )'.'+ )+ )' '',,) +. )' '.+, /<)*)'< :/;' ',)*)<' )'.')+-
S'(- 11- E,). ,+) '<' '< ''() + .'='.
8iling an appeal ' (*e de)endan( will NF dela' (*e en(r' pon (*e proper('$ o ( i) rever%ed, (*e de)endan( will e re%(ored (o (*e po%%e%%ion and will e en(i(led (o damage% i) (*e &or( deem% %o$
S'(- 12- C+)! + *-
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T' '' + )' (+**+,'. << ' )' .) + )' (+) + )' .+(''*,;- A<< (+)! '(') )+' + .*=< (<*,) <*)*;)*,; )'*. (<*! << ' * )' <*,)*! /,<' , '< * )', )' +,'. + )' .+'.) , )' :/;',) * *.'! *, *( '=',) )' (+) + )' '< << ' * )' +,'.-
S'(- 13- R'(+.*,; :/;',)! , *) ''()T' :/;',) ',)'.' *, '.+.*)*+, .+(''*,; << ))' '*,*)'<! , 'B/)' '(.*)*+,! )' .)*(/<. .+'.) +. *,)'.') )'.'*, '.+.*)'! , )' ,)/.' + )' /<*( /' +. /.+' +. *( *) * '.+.*)'- W', .'< '))' * '.+.*)'! ('.)**' (+ + /( :/;',) << ' .'(+.' *, )' .';*). + '' + )' <(' *, *( )' .+'.) * *)/)'! , *) ''() << ' )+ =') *, )' <*,)* )' )*)<' )+ )' .'< '))' + '(.*' +. /( /<*( /' +. /.+'-
S'(- 14- P+'. + ;/.*, *, /( .+(''*,;T' ;/.*, +. ;/.*, <*)' + *,+. +. + '.+, :/*(*<< '(<.' )+ ' *,(+')',) ! *) )' .+=< + )' (+/.) *.) ! + , '.+. +, '< + * . , ()! ))'.! +. )*,; .''()*,; )' '.+.*)*+, +. /<*( /' +. /.+' + .+'.) '<+,;*,; )+ /( *,+. +. '.+, :/*(*<< '(<.' )+ ' *,(+')',)! *( /( *,+. +. '.+, :/*(*<< '(<.' )+ ' *,(+')',) (+/< + *, /( .+(''*,; * ' '.' + ;' +. (+')',)-
RULE 68 FORECLOSURE OF REAL ESTATE MORTAE S'()*+, 1- C+<*,) *, ()*+, +. +.'(<+/.'I, , ()*+, +. )' +.'(<+/.' + +.);;' +. +)'. ',(/.,(' /+, .'< '))'! )' (+<*,) << ') +.) )' )' , /' ''(/)*+, + )' +.);;' *) *;,',)! * , )' ,' , .'*',(' + )' +.);;+. , )' +.);;'' '(.*)*+, + )' +.);;' .+'.) ))'',) + )' )' + )' ,+)' +. +)'. +(/',). '=*',(' + )' +<*;)*+, '(/.' )' +.);;'! )' +/,) (<*' )+ ' /,* )'.'+, , )' ,' , .'*',(' + << '.+, =*,; +. (<**,; , *,)'.') *, )' .+'.) /+.*,)' *, .*;) )+ )) + )' +<'. + )' +.);;'! << + + << ' ' '',,) *, )' ()*+,
7*ere do 'o )ile< Rle 6J doe% no( provide )or (*e vene o) (*i% SCA, ( i( i% )iled w*ere (*e proper(' i% o lo&a(ed$ 4w*a( &or(< epend% on (*e a%%e%%ed vale !) (*e &on(ra&( o) mor(gage &over% vario% proper(ie% in di))eren( provin&e%, )ile in proper o &or( o) an' o) (*e provin&e% &overing (*e proper('$ 4A((' /evara *ere are (wo 3ind% o) )ore&lo%re: Kdi&ial )ore&lo%re 4Rle 6J o o E(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re 4A&( ;1;? !n 9di&ial )ore&lo%re, 'o *ave (o )ile a &a%e and pa' (*e )iling )ee% !n e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re, 'o )iled a veri)ied pe(i(ion e)ore (*e o))i&e o) (*e &ler3 o) &or( w*o a&(% a% (*e e-o))i&io %*eri)) o *e e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re i% %&*edled a)(er pa'ing o) in&iden(al )ee% and pli&a(ion )ee%
S'(- 2- J/;',) +, +.'(<+/.' +. ',) +. <'I /+, )' ).*< *, /( ()*+, )' (+/.) << *, )' () ') +.) *, )' (+<*,) )+ ' )./'! *) << ('.)*, )' +/,) /' )+ )' <*,)* /+, )' +.);;' ') +. +<*;)*+,! *,(
*e &or( will de(ermine (*e (r(*)lne%% o) (*e &omplain( and will render (*e 9dgmen(, %(a(ing *ow m&* i% de (o (*e mor(gagee$ !n KU!C!AL )ore&lo%re, /R: no rig*( o) redemp(ion$ 4Her(a Ala v CA, 2### o Do onl' *ave EU!D o) redemp(ion w*ere (*e 9dgmen( oligee *a% a period o) 5#-12# da'% )rom (*e en(r' o) 9dgmen( (o pa' (*e de($
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!n (r(*, mor(gagor *a% n(il (*e order o) &on)irma(ion (o pa' (*e de($ 4Se& ; ( (*e ran %aid 9%( )ollow (*e 5#-12# da'% )or a&ademi& prpo%e%$ o E0CEP: 7*en (*e mor(gagee i% a an3, (*en (*ere% a redemp(ion period o) 1 'ear$ 4A((' ran %aid (*a( i) (*e mor(gagee i% a an3 and (*e mor(gagor i% a 9ridi&al per%on in a 9di&ial )ore&lo%re %ale, onl' ei(' o) redemp(ion will appl'$ ( a reading o) (*e an3ing law will %*ow o(*erwi%e$ !n E0RAKU!C!AL )ore&lo%re, /R: (*ere% a R!/H o) REE=P!FN w*i&* i% 1 'ear )rom (*e regi%(ra(ion o) (*e &on)irma(ion o) (*e %ale$ E0CEP: o 7*en (*e mor(gagee i% a an3 and (*e mor(gagor i% a &orpora(ion, (*en (*e redemp(ion period i% onl' ; mon(*% or e)ore (*e regi%(ra(ion o) %ale, w*i&*ever &ome% )ir%($J
Redemp(ion =or(gagor=or(gagee !ndividal%
KU!C!AL an3% 1 'ear )rom regi%(ra(ion o) %ale
Corpora(ion%
1 'ear
Nonan3% 5#-12# da'% )rom da(e o) en(r' o) 9dgmen( 5#-12# da'% )rom da(e o) en(r' o) 9dgmen(
E0RAKU!C!AL an3% 1 'ear
Nonan3% 1 'ear
; mon(*% or 1 'ear e)ore regi%(ra(ion o) %ale, w*i&*ever &ome% )ir%(
oe% (*e 9di&ial )ore&lo%re o) a mor(gage (o (*e /S!S *ave a rig*( o) redemp(ion< NF$ !( i% no( a an3$ 4a&aling v ='a, 2##2 o
S'(- 3- S<' + +.);;' .+'.) ''()W', )' '',,)! )'. '*,; *.'()' )+ + + .+=*' *, )' ,') .'('*,; '()*+,! *< )+ )' +/,) + )' :/;',) *)*, )' '.*+ '(**' )'.'*,! )' (+/.)! /+, +)*+,! << +.'. )' .+'.) )+ ' +< *, )' ,,'. , /,'. )' .+=**+, + R/<' 39 , +)'. .';/<)*+, ;+='.,*,; <' + .'< '))' /,'. ''(/)*+,- S/( <' << ,+) '() )' .*;) + '.+, +<*,; .*+. ',(/.,(' /+, )' .+'.) +. .) )'.'+! , ', (+,*.' , +.'. + )' (+/.)! <+ /+, +)*+,! *) << +'.)' )+ *=') )' .*;) *, )' .+'.) + << )' .)*' )+ )' ()*+, , )+ =') )'*. .*;) *, )' /.('.! /:'() )+ /( .*;) + .'')*+, ' <<+' <U+, )' *,<*) + )' +.'. + (+,*.)*+, +. /+, )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ + .'')*+, ', <<+' <! )' /.('. ) )' /()*+, <' +. <) .'')*+,'.! * ,! << ' ',)*)<' )+ )' +'*+, + )' .+'.) /,<' )*. .) * ()/<< +<*,; )' ' ='.'< )+ )' :/;',) +<*;+.- T' * /.('. +. <) .'')*+,'. '(/.' .*) + +'*+,! /+, +)*+,! .+ )' (+/.) *( +.'.' )' +.'(<+/.'
Upon (*e )inali(' o) (*e order o) &on)irma(ion or pon epira(ion o) (*e period o) redemp(ion 4i) an3%, (*e pr&*a%er %*all e en(i(led (o (*e po%%e%%ion o) (*e proper('$ E0CEP: i) (*ere i% a (*ird par(' a&(all' *olding (*e proper(' adver%el' o How (o ge( po%%e%%ion< ' appl'ing )or a wri( o) po%%e%%ion$ *e &on)irma(ion o) %ale re(roa&(% (o (*e da(e o) (*e a&(al %ale i(%el)$ 4a&aling v ='a How i% (*i% di))eren( in e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re<
R/ 7-1, Section 47. Foreclosure of Real Estate Mortgage. :
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A)(er )ore&lo%re, (*e mor(gagor %(ill po%%e%%e% (*e proper(' dring (*e redemp(ion period$ ( a wri( o) po%%e%%ion &an %imilarl' e applied )or$ No(e: i) (*e mor(gagee i% a an3, (*e an3 i% en(i(led (o (*e po%%e%%ion o) (*e proper(' immedia(el' a)(er (*e &on)irma(ion o) (*e %ale 4w*e(*er i( e 9di&ial or e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re$ o
S'(- 4- D*+*)*+, + .+('' + <'T' +/,) .'<*' .+ )' +.'(<+/.' <' + )' +.);;' .+'.) <
*e pro&eed% o) (*e %ale are di%po%ed a% )ollow%: o ed&( &o%(% o) %ale o Pa' (o (*e per%on )ore&lo%ing (*e mor(gage alan&e or re%ide goe% (o (*e 9nior en&mran&e% in order o) priori(' o o !) no 9nior mor(gagor%, alan&e (o mor(gagor or *i% agen( o (*e 9nior mor(gagor% a rig*( (o (*e re%ide in e(ra9di&ial )ore&lo%re< No$ *e' onl' *ave (*e rig*( (o redeem (*e )ore&lo%ed proper(ie%$ 4=on.on v Relova, o 2##J
S'(- 5- H+ <' )+ .+('' *, (' )' ') * ,+) << /'I )' ') +. *( )' +.);;' +. ',(/.,(' '< * ,+) << /' .+=*' *, )' :/;',)! ++, /*(*',) +.)*+, + )' .+'.) '', +< )+ )' )+)< +/,) , )' (+) /'! )' <' << )'.*,)' , )'..! +)', +.' '(+' /' +. .*,(*< +. *,)'.') , +)'. =<* (.;'! )' (+/.) ! +, +)*+,! +.'. +.' )+ ' +<- "/) * )' .+'.) (,,+) ' +< *, +.)*+, *)+/) .':/*(' )+ )' .)*'! )' +<' << ' +.'.' )+ ' +< *, )' *.) *,),('! , )' ',)*.' ') , (+) << ' *! * )' .+('' + )' <' ' /*(*',) )'.'+.! )'.' '*,; .')' + *,)'.') '.' /( .')' * .+'.-
S'(- 6- D'*(*',( :/;',)I /+, )' <' + , .'< .+'.) .+=*' *, )' ,') .'('*,; '()*+, )'.' ' <,(' /' )+ )' <*,)* )'. <*,; )' .+('' + )' <'! )' (+/.)! /+, +)*+,! << .','. :/;',) ;*,) )' '',,) +. , /( <,(' +. *(! )' .'(+. + )' ('! ' ' '.+,<< <*<' )+ )' <*,)*! /+, *( ''(/)*+, */' *'*)'< * )' <,(' * << /' ) )' )*' + )' .',*)*+, + )' :/;',) +)'.*'! )' <*,)* << ' ',)*)<' )+ ''(/)*+, ) /( )*' )' <,(' .'*,*,; '(+' /' /,'. )' )'. + )' +.*;*,< (+,).()! *( )*' << ' ))' *, )' :/;',)
!) a)(er (*e mor(gage %ale, (*ere i% %(ill de)i&ien&', (*e &or( will ee&(e again%( (*e mor(gagee$
S'(- 7- R';*).)*+,A ('.)**' (+ + )' *,< +.'. + )' (+/.) (+,*.*,; )' <' << ' .';*)'.' *, )' .';*). + ''- I ,+ .*;) + .'')*+, '*)! )' ('.)**()' + )*)<' *, )' ,' + )' +.);;+. << ' (,('<<'! , ,' +,' */' *, )' ,' + )' /.('.W'.' .*;) + .'')*+, '*)! )' ('.)**()' + )*)<' *, )' ,' + )' +.);;+. << ,+) ' (,('<<'! /) )' ('.)**()' + <' , )' +.'. (+,*.*,; )' <' << ' .';*)'.' , .*' '+.,/ )'.'+ ' )' .';*).. + '' /+, )' ('.)**()' + )*)<'- I, )' '=',) )' .+'.) * .''''! )' '' + .'')*+, << ' .';*)'.' *) )' .';*). + ''! , .*' '+.,/ )'.'+ << ' ' )' .';*).. + '' +, * ('.)**()' + )*)<'I )' .+'.) * ,+) .''''! )' *,< '' + <' ''(/)' )' '.* *, =+. + )' /.('. ) )' +.'(<+/.' <' << ' .';*)'.' *) )' .';*). + '' '.'/+, )' ('.)**()' + )*)<' *, )' ,' + )' +.);;+. << ' (,('<<' , ,' +,' */' *, )' ,' + )' /.('.-
S'(- 8- A<*(*<*) + +)'. .+=**+,T' .+=**+, + '()*+, 31! 32 , 34 + R/<' 39 << ' <*(<' )+ )' :/*(*< +.'(<+/.' + .'< '))' +.);;' /,'. )* R/<' *,+. )' +.'. .' ,+) *,(+,*)',) *) +. '.=' )+ /<'',) )' .+=**+, + )' <))'.-
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Rle ;5 and %ome o) i (% provi%ion% appl' (o 9di&ial )ore&lo%re$5 i))eren&e e(ween 9di&ial )ore&lo%re and ee&(ion: !n 9di&ial )ore&lo%re, (*e mor(gagor &on(ine% (o e in po%%e%%ion o) (*e proper('$ o Un(il (*e )inali(' o) (*e order o) &on)irma(ion o) %ale 4or epira(ion o) (*e redemp(ion period i) allowed ' l aw$ !) ee&(ion, (*e oligor &on(ine% (o e in po%%e%%ion o) (*e proper('$ o
RULE 69 PARTITION S'()*+, 1- C+<*,) *, ()*+, +. .)*)*+, + .'< '))'A '.+, =*,; )' .*;) )+ (+'< )' .)*)*+, + .'< '))' + + .+=*' *, )* R/<'! '))*,; +.) *, * (+<*,) )' ,)/.' , ')',) + * )*)<' , , 'B/)' '(.*)*+, + )' .'< '))' + *( .)*)*+, * ',' , :+*,*,; '',,) << +)'. '.+, *,)'.')' *, )' .+'.)S'(- 2- O.'. +. .)*)*+,! , .)*)*+, ;.''',) )'.'/,'.I )'. )' ).*< )' (+/.) *, )) )' <*,)* )' .*;) )'.')+! *) << +.'. )' .)*)*+, + )' .'< '))' +,; << )' .)*' *, *,)'.')- T'.'/+, )' .)*' ! * )' .' <' )+ ;.''! ' )' .)*)*+, +,; )''<=' .+'. *,)./',) + (+,=',('! , )' (+/.) << (+,*. )' .)*)*+, + ;.'' /+, << )' .)*'! , /( .)*)*+,! )+;')'. *) )' +.'. + )' (+/.) (+,*.*,; )' '! << ' .'(+.' *, )' .';*). + '' + )' <(' *, *( )' .+'.) * *)/)'A *,< +.'. '(.''*,; .)*)*+, , ((+/,)*,; ' '<' , .) ;;.*'=' )'.'
*ere are (wo 3ind% o) par(i(ion: Kdi&ial par(i(ion o E(ra9di&ial par(i(ion 4Rle I> o *e%e are %all' &o-owner%*ip% &rea(ed ' (*e dea(* o) an a%&endan( Rei%i(e%: No will, no de(, and i) (*ere are minor%, (*ere i% appoin(men( o) gardian% =%( e &on(e%(ed wi(*in a period o) 2 'ear% !n 9di&ial par(i(ion, all per%on% in(ere%(ed in (*e proper(' m%( e impleaded a% indi%pen%ale par(ie% A%en&e o) an indi%pen%ale par(' render% all %%een( a&(ion% o) (*e &or( nll and void o )or wan( o) a(*ori(' (o a&(, no( onl' a% (o (*e a%en( par(ie% ( even a% (o( *o%e pre%en($ 4Seplveda v Pelae., 2##? An an%wer &an e )iled$ !( will e )ollowed ' pre-(rial$ 4even i) (*e rle% don( par(i&larl' o %a' i(
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Sec. (1. 3anner of using premises pending redemption% aste restrained.
@ntil the epiration of the time alloed for redemption, the court may, as in other proper cases, restrain the commission of aste on the property by injunction, on the application of the purchaser or the judgment obligee, ith or ithout notice% but it is not aste for a person in possession of the property at the time of the sale, or entitled to possession afterards, during the period alloed for redemption, to continue to use it in the same manner in hich it as previously used% or to use it in the ordinary course of husbandry% or to ma'e the necessary repairs to buildings thereon hile he occupies the property. Sec. ((. Ceed and possession to be given at epiration of redemption period% by hom eecuted or given.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*a( 3ind o) proper('< Real and per%onal proper('$ o 7*o &an in%(i((e an a&(ion )or 9di&ial par(i(ion< o An' &o-owner wo %(age% in an a&(ion )or KP: o e(ermina(ion o) ei%(en&e o) &o-owner%*ip *e &o-owner%*ip i% &rea(ed ei(*er ' agreemen( or opera(ion ) law Par(i(ion o) (*e proper(' o Can (*e par(ie% agree on (*e par(i(ion< De%$ o !) (*e' &an( agree, (*en i( will e re)erred (o &ommi%%ioner%$ Compare wi(* epropria(ion w*ere (*e re)erral (o (*e &ommi%%ioner% i% manda(or'$ oe% (*e agreemen( *ave (o e pli%*ed< o De%, i( will e (rea(ed a% an e(ra9di&ial par(i(ion, a&&ording (o A(('$ ranil, &i(ing Rle I>, Se& 1 4%ee la%( paragrap*1# o 'o need a ond< o KP: NF o EKP: De%, i) per%onal proper('
S'(- 3- C+**+,'. )+ ' .)*)*+, ', .)*' *< )+ ;.''I )' .)*' .' /,<' )+ ;.'' /+, )' .)*)*+,! )' (+/.) << +*,) ,+) +.' ), ).'' ?3@ (+')',) , **,)'.')' '.+, (+**+,'. )+ ' )' .)*)*+,! (+,*,; )' )+ ') + )+ )' <*,)* , )+ '( .) *, *,)'.') /( .) , .++.)*+, + )' .+'.) )' (+/.) << *.'()-
S'(- 4- O) , /)*' + (+**+,'."'+.' *,; /( .)*)*+,! )' (+**+,'. << )' , /(.*' , +) )) )' *<< *)/<< '.+. )'*. /)*' (+**+,'.! *( +) << ' *<' *, (+/.) *) )' +)'. .+(''*,; *, )' ('- I, *,; )' .)*)*+,! )' (+**+,'. << =*' , '*,' )' .'< '))'! )'. /' ,+)*(' )+ )' .)*' )+ ))', ) /( =*' , '*,)*+,! , << '. )' .)*' )+ )'*. .''.',(' *, )' +.)*+, + )' .+'.) )+ ' ') .) )+ )' , )' (+.)*=' =
S'(- 5- A*;,',) +. <' + .'< '))' (+**+,'.W', *) * ' )+ '. )+ )' (+**+,'. )) )' .'< '))'! +. +.)*+, )'.'+! (,,+) ' *=*' *)+/) .':/*(' )+ )' *,)'.') + )' .)*'! )' (+/.) +.'. *) *;,' )+ +,' + )' .)*' *<<*,; )+ )' )' '! .+=*' ' )+ )' +)'. .)*' /( +/,) )' (+**+,'. '' 'B/*)<'! /,<' +,' + )' *,)'.')' .)*' )) )' .+'.) ' +< *,)' + '*,; + *;,'! *, *( (' )' (+/.) << +.'. )' (+**+,'. )+ '<< )' .'< '))' ) /<*( <' /,'. /( (+,*)*+, , *)*, /( )*' )' (+/.) ')'.*,'
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1
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A%%ign i( (o an' o) (*e par(ie%, provided *e pa'% (*e o(*er par(ie% U i) one par(' a%3% (*a( i( e %old in%(ead, (*en i( m%( e %old a( a pli& %ale$
S'(- 6- R'+.) + (+**+,'. .+(''*,; ,+) *,*,; /,)*< (+,*.'T' (+**+,'. << ' /<< , ((/.)' .'+.) )+ )' (+/.) + << )'*. .+(''*,; )+ )' .)*)*+,! +. )' *;,',) + .'< '))' )+ +,' + )' .)*'! +. )' <' + )' '- U+, )' *<*,; + /( .'+.)! )' (<'. + (+/.) << '.=' (+*' )'.'+ +, << )' *,)'.')' .)*' *) ,+)*(' )) )' .' <<+' )', ?10@ *)*, *( )+ *<' +:'()*+, )+ )' *,*,; + )' .'+.)! * )' + '*.'- N+ .+(''*,; '+.' +. (+,/()' )' (+**+,'. << )' )*)<' )+ )' .+'.) +. *, )' .)*' /,)*< )' (+/.) << =' ((')' )' .'+.) + )' (+**+,'. , .','.' :/;',) )'.'+,-
S'(- 7- A()*+, + )' (+/.) /+, (+**+,'.G .'+.)U+, )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ + )', ?10@ .''..' )+ *, )' .'('*,; '()*+,! +. '=', '+.' )' '*.)*+, + /( '.*+ /) )'. )' *,)'.')' .)*' =' *<' )'*. +:'()*+, )+ )' .'+.) +. )'*. ))'',) + ;.''',) )'.'*)! )' (+/.) ! /+, '.*,;! ((') )' .'+.) , .','. :/;',) *, ((+.,(' )'.'*) +.! +. (/' +,! .'(+*) )' ' )+ )' (+**+,'. +. /.)'. .'+.) + () +. ') *' )' .'+.) , +*,) ,' (+**+,'. +. ((') )' .'+.) *, .) , .':'() *) *, .) , ' /( +.'. , .','. /( :/;',) << ''()/)' *. , :/) .)*)*+, + )' .'< '))'! +. + *) =
S'(- 8- A((+/,)*,; +. .',) , .+*) *, ()*+, +. .)*)*+,I, , ()*+, +. .)*)*+, *, ((+.,(' *) )* R/<'! .) << .'(+='. .+ ,+)'. * :/) .' + .',) , .+*) .'('*=' /( +)'. .) .+ )' .'< '))' *, B/')*+,! , )' :/;',) << *,(
S'(- 9- P+'. + ;/.*, *, /( .+(''*,;T' ;/.*, +. ;/.*, <*)' + *,+. +. '.+, :/*(*<< '(<.' )+ ' *,(+')',) ! *) )' .+=< + )' (+/.) *.) ! + , '.+. +, '< + * . , ()! ))'.! +. )*,; .''()*,; )' .)*)*+, + .'< '))'! *( )' *,+. +. '.+, :/*(*<< '(<.' )+ ' *,(+')',) (+/< + *, .)*)*+, .+(''*,; * ' '.' + ;' +. (+')',)-
S'(- 10- C+) , '',' )+ ' )' , (+<<'()'T' (+/.) << 'B/*)< ) , +.)*+, ')'', +. +,; )' .)*' )' (+) , '',' *( ((./' *, )' ()*+,! *,(
S'(- 11- T' :/;',) , *) ''() (+ )+ ' .'(+.' *, .';*). + ''I ()/< .)*)*+, + .+'.) * '! )' :/;',) << ))' '*,*)'<! ')' , +/, , 'B/)' '(.*)*+,! )' .)*(/<. +.)*+, + )' .'< '))' *;,' )+ '( .)! , )' ''() + )' :/;',) << ' )+ =') *, '( .) )+ )' ()*+, *, '='.<) )' +.)*+, + )' .'< '))' *;,' )+ *- I )' +<' .+'.) * *;,' )+ +,' + )' .)*' /+, * *,; )+ )' +)'. )' / +. / +.'.' )' (+/.)! )' :/;',) << ))' )' () + /( ',) , + )' *;,',) + )' .'< '))' )+ )' .) *,; )' ',)! , )' ''() + )' :/;',) << ' )+ =') *, )' .) *,; )' ',) )' +<' + )' .'< '))' .'' .+ , *,)'.') +, )' .) + )' +)'. .)*' )+ )' ()*+,- I )' .+'.) * +< , )' <' (+,*.' )' (+/.)! )' :/;',) << ))' )' ,' + )' /.('. +. /.('. , '*,*)' '(.*)*+, + )' .('< + .'< '))' +< )+ '( /.('.! , )' ''() + )' :/;',) << ' )+ =') )' .'< '))' *, )' /.('. +. /.('. *,; )' ',) +. ',)! .'' .+ )' (<* + , + )' .)*' )+ )' ()*+,- A ('.)**' (+ + )' :/;',) << *, '*)'. (' ' .'(+.' *, )' .';*). + '' + )' <(' *, *( )' .'< '))' * *)/)'! , )' '',' + /( .'(+.*,; << ' )' .) + )' (+) + )' ()*+,-
S'(- 12- N'*)'. .+/,) .*;) ,+. *(<' .)*)*+, '()' )* R/<'-
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N+)*,; *, )* R/<' (+,)*,' << ' (+,)./' + )+ .':/*('! '')! +. ').+ )' .*;) +. )*)<' + , '.+, (<**,; )' .'< '))' *,=+<=' )*)<' /,'. , +)'. '.+,! +. )*)<' .+/,) )+ )' )*)<' + )' .)*' +,; + )' .)*)*+, =' '', ' ,+. + )+ .').*() +. .'=',) '.+, +<*,; .'< '))' :+*,)< +. *, (++, .+ *,; , *(<' .)*)*+, )'.'+ ;.''',) , /*)<' *,)./',) + (+,=',(' *)+/) .'(+/.' )+ , ()*+,
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S'(- 13- P.)*)*+, + '.+,< .+'.)T' .+=**+, + )* R/<' << < )+ .)*)*+, + '))' (++' + '.+,< .+'.)! +. + +) .'< , '.+,< .+'.)! *, + . )' ' ' <*(<'-
RULE 70 FORCI"LE ENTRY AND UNLAWFUL DETAINER S'()*+, 1- W+ *,)*)/)' .+(''*,;! , ',S/:'() )+ )' .+=**+, + )' ,') /((''*,; '()*+,! '.+, '.*=' + )' +'*+, + , <, +. /*<*,; +.('! *,)**)*+,! ).')! ).)';! +. )'<)! +. <'+.! =',+.! =',''! +. +)'. '.+, ;*,) + )' +'*+, + , <, +. /*<*,; * /,</<< *)'< )'. )' '*.)*+, +. )'.*,)*+, + )' .*;) )+ +< +'*+,! =*.)/' + , (+,).()! '.' +. *<*'! +. )' <';< .'.'',))*=' +. *;, + , /( <'+.! =',+.! =',''! +. +)'. '.+,! ! ) , )*' *)*, +,' ?1@ '. )'. /( /,</< '.*=)*+, +. *)+<*,; + +'*+,! .*,; , ()*+, *, )' .+'. M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) ;*,) )' '.+, +. '.+, /,</<< *)+<*,; +. '.*=*,; + +'*+,! +. , '.+, +. '.+, (<**,; /,'. )'! +. )' .')*)/)*+, + /( +'*+,! )+;')'. *) ;' , (+)S'(- 2- L'+. )+ .+('' ;*,) <''' +,< )'. ',U,<' +)'.*' )*/<)'! /( ()*+, )' <'+. << ' (+',(' +,< )'. ', )+ +. (+< *) )' (+,*)*+, + )' <'' , )+ =()' * ' /+, )' <'''! +. '.=*,; .*))', ,+)*(' + /( ', /+, )' '.+, +/, +, )' .'*'! +. +)*,; /( ,+)*(' +, )' .'*' * ,+ '.+, ' +/, )'.'+,! , )' <''' *< )+ (+< )'.'*) )'. *)'', ?15@ *, )' (' + <, +. *=' ?5@ *, )' (' + /*<*,;
ene )or e9e&(men( &a%e% o *e =C w*ere (*e proper(' or a por(ion (*ereo) i% %i(a(ed$ E0: i) (*ere% a %(ipla(ion 7ai(B Can (*e vene )or e9e&(men( &a%e% e %(ipla(ed< De%B *e rle governing e9e&(men( &a%e% merel' %(a(e% (*a( i( o %*old e )iled in (*e =C, ( i( doe%n( %a' w*i&* =C$ 4F(*er word%, 9ri%di&(ion i% indi&a(ed, ( (*e vene i%n($ 8or&ile en(r' o Po%%e%%ion ' rea%on o) )or&e, in(imida(ion, %(ra(eg', (*rea(, or %(eal(* 48!SS =FS !=PFRAN: prior p*'%i&al po%%e%%ion and w*en i ( wa% deprived o !mpor(an( e&a%e i( i% (*e wa' (*e 1 'ear period i% &on(ed ime: 7i(*in 1 'ear )rom en(r' in(o (*e proper(' o ( i) done ' %(eal(* 1 'ear )rom di%&over' o) en(r' ' %(eal(* Unlaw)l de(ainer Previo% law)l po%%e%%ion ( ' viola(ion o) (*e &on(ra&( or epira(ion o) (*e period, i( o e&ame nlaw)lB o =FS !=PFRAN: a demand le((er (o: Pa' npaid ren(al% FR &ompl' wi(* (*e &ondi(ion% o) (*e lea%e, and a&a(e *ere m%( alwa'% 4and )orever and ever e a demand (o va&a(e )or nlaw)l de(ainer !) (*e demand le((er i% de)e&(ive: di%mi%%ed %in&e i(% a o 9ri%di&(ional reiremen( Can 'o di%pen%e wi(* a demand<
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De%, w*en (*e grond i% (*e epira(ion o) (*e &on(ra&($11 Can 'o go (o &or( immedia(el' a)(er 'o give (*e demand< Um, NFB Do *ave (o re%pe&( (*e )ollowing gra&e period%: 1? da'% in &a%e o) land ? da'% in &a%e o) ilding% ime: 7i(*in 1 'ear )rom la%( demand pl% (*e gra&e period Do &on( (*e 1-'ear period )rom (*e end o) (*e gra&e period e&a%e onl' (*en doe% (*e %(a'ing e&ome nlaw)l$ 4A(('$ /evarra o
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S'(- 3- S/. .+('/.'E(') *, (' (+='.' )' ;.*(/<)/.< )',,( < +. ', )' < +)'.*' '.'< .+=*'! << ()*+, +. +.(*<' ',). , /,</< ')*,'.! *..''()*=' + )' +/,) + ;' +. /,* .',)< +/;) )+ ' .'(+='.'! << ' ;+='.,' )' /. .+('/.' '.'/,'. .+=*'-
S'(- 4- P<'*,; <<+'T' +,< <'*,; <<+' )+ ' *<' .' )' (+<*,)! (+/<+. (+/,)'.(<* , (.+&(<* <'' *, )' ,'.! , )' ,'. )'.')+- A<< <'*,; << ' ='.**'S'(- 5- A()*+, +, (+<*,)T' (+/.) ! .+ , '*,)*+, + )' <<';)*+, *, )' (+<*,) , /( '=*',(' ' ))(' )'.')+! ** )' (' +/).*;) +, , + )' ;.+/, +. )' **< + (*=*< ()*+, *( .' .',) )'.'*,- I ,+ ;.+/, +. **< * +/,! *) << +.)*) */' /+,
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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S'(- 9- R'(+. + .'<**,. (+,'.',('W*)*, *=' ?5@ )'. )' )'.*,)*+, + )' .'<**,. (+,'.',('! )' (+/.) << */' , +.'. ))*,; )' ))'. )', / )'.'*,! *,( 1- W')'. )' .)*' =' ..*=' ) , *(<' '))<'',)! , * +! )' )'. )'.'+ 2- T' )*/<)*+, +. **+, ',)'.' *,)+ )' .)*' 3- W')'.! +, )' * + )' <'*,; , )' )*/<)*+, , **+, ' )' .)*'! :/;',) ' .','.' *)+/) )' ,'' + /.)'. .+(''*,;! *, *( '=',) )' :/;',) << ' .','.' *)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ */,(' + )' +.'. 4- A (<'. '(**()*+, + )'.*< () *( .'*, (+,).+='.)' , 5- S/( +)'. ))'. *,)',' )+ ''*)' )' *+*)*+, + )' ('-
S'(- 10- S/**+, + *=*) , +*)*+, '.W*)*, )', ?10@ .+ .'('*) + )' +.'. ',)*+,' *, )' ,') .'('*,; '()*+,! )' .)*' << /*) )' *=*) + )'*. *),'' , +)'. '=*',(' +, )' ()/< */' '*,' *, )' +.'.! )+;')'. *) )'*. +*)*+, '. '))*,; +.) )' < , )' () .'<*' /+, )'-
S'(- 11- P'.*+ +. .',*)*+, + :/;',)W*)*, )*.) ?30@ )'. .'('*) + )' *=*) , +*)*+, '.! +. )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ +. *<*,; )' '! )' (+/.) << .','. :/;',)H+'='.! +/< )' (+/.) *, *) ,'('. )+ (<.* ('.)*, )'.*< ()! *) ! /.*,; )' * '.*+! */' , +.'. '(**,; )' ))'. )+ ' (<.**'! , .'B/*.' )' .)*' )+ /*) *=*) +. +)'. '=*',(' +, )' * ))'. *)*, )', ?10@ .+ .'('*) + * +.'.- J/;',) << ' .','.' *)*, *)'', ?15@ )'. )' .'('*) + )' <) *=*) +. )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+ +. *<*,; )' 'T' (+/.) << ,+) .'+.) )+ )' +.';+*,; .+('/.' :/) )+ ;*, )*' +. )' .',*)*+, + )' :/;',)-
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S'(- 14- A*=*)T' *=*) .'B/*.' )+ ' /*))' /,'. )* R/<' << ))' +,< () + *.'() '.+,< ,+<';' + )' *,) *( .' **<' *, '=*',('! , << + )'*. (+')',(' )+ )')* )+ )' ))'. ))' )'.'*,A =*+<)*+, + )* .'B/*.'',) /:'() )' .) +. )' (+/,'< + /*) )' ' )+ *(*<*,. ()*+,! , << ' (/' )+ '/,;' )' *,**<' *=*) +. +.)*+, )'.'+ .+ )' .'(+.-
S'(- 15- P.'<**,. *,:/,()*+,T' (+/.) ;.,) .'<**,. *,:/,()*+,! *, ((+.,(' *) )' .+=**+, + R/<' 58 '.'+! )+ .'=',) )' '',,) .+ (+*))*,; /.)'. () + *+'*+, ;*,) )' <*,)*A +'+. '.*=' + * +'*+, ).+/; +.(*<' ',). +. /,</< ')*,'. ! *)*, *=' ?5@ .+ )' *<*,; + )' (+<*,)! .'',) +)*+, *, )' ()*+, +. +.(*<' ',). +. /,</< ')*,'. +. )' */,(' + .*) + .'<**,. ,)+. *,:/,()*+, )+ .')+.' * *, * +'*+,T' (+/.) << '(*' )' +)*+, *)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ )' *<*,; )'.'+
*e &or( &an gran( preliminar' in9n&(ion% in (wo &a%e%: o 7i(*in ? da'% )rom )iling o) (*e &omplain(: (o re&over po%%e%%ion in (*e penden&' o) (*e &a%e 7i(*in 1# da'% )rom (*e per)e&(ion o) (*e appeal: o !) (*e &or( de(ermine% (*a( (*e de)endan(% appeal i% merel' dila(or' or (*a( (*e plain(i)) i% en(i(led (o po%%e%%ion 4Se& 2#
S'(- 16- R'+<=*,; '',' + +,'.*W', )' '',,) .*' )' '',' + +,'.* *, * <'*,; , )' B/')*+, + +'*+, (,,+) ' .'+<=' *)+/) '(**,; )' */' + +,'.*! )' */' + +,'.* << ' .'+<=' +,< )+ ')'.*,' )' */' + +'*+,-
S'(- 17- J/;',)I )'. ).*< )' (+/.) *, )) )' <<';)*+, + )' (+<*,) .' )./'! *) << .','. :/;',) *, =+. + )' <*,)* +. )' .')*)/)*+, + )' .'*'! )' / :/)< /' ..'. + .',) +. .'+,<' (+',)*+, +. )' /' , +((/)*+, + )' .'*'! ))+.,'G '' , (+)- I *) *, )) * <<';)*+, .' ,+) )./'! *) << .','. :/;',) +. )' '',,) )+ .'(+='. * (+)I (+/,)'.(<* * ')<*'! )' (+/.) << .','. :/;',) +. )' / +/, *, ..'. .+ '*)'. .) , . (+) :/)*(' .'B/*.'-
S'(- 18- J/;',) (+,(
!n 8E and U &a%e%, (*e &or( &an (o&* on (*e e%(ion o) owner%*ip ( onl' provi%ionall', mainl' (o de(ermine w*o i% en(i(led (o po%%eion$ o ( (*e de(ermina(ion i% NF indingpre9di&ial (o )(re e%(ion% o) owner%*ip
S'(- 19- I'*)' ''(/)*+, + :/;',) + )+ ) 'I :/;',) * .','.' ;*,) )' '',,)! ''(/)*+, << */' *'*)'< /+, +)*+,! /,<' , '< '', '.'()' , )' '',,) )+ ) ''(/)*+, *<' /*(*',) /'.'' +,! .+=' )' M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) , ''(/)' *, =+. + )' <*,)* )+ )' .',)! ;'! , (+) ((./*,; +, )+ )' )*' + )' :/;',) '<' .+! , /,<'! /.*,; )' ',',( + )' 'C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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+ )' .'*' +. )' .'('*,; +,) +. '.*+ ) )' .)' ')'.*,' )' :/;',) + )' <+'. (+/.) +, +. '+.' )' )',) + '( /((''*,; +,) +. '.*+- T' /'.'' +, << ' ).,*))' )' M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.)! *) )' +)'. '.! )+ )' (<'. + )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) )+ *( )' ()*+, * '<'A<< +/,) + * )+ )' '<<)' (+/.) << ' '+*)' *) * (+/.) +. /)+.*' ;+='.,',) '+*). ,! , << ' '< )'.' /,)*< )' *,< *+*)*+, + )' '
S'(- 21- I'*)' ''(/)*+, +, '< )+ C+/.) + A'< +. S/.'' C+/.)T' :/;',) + )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) ;*,) )' '',,) << ' *'*)'< ''(/)+.! *)+/) .':/*(' )+ /.)'. '< )) ' )', )'.'.+
*e de&i%ion o) (*e =C i% immedia(el' ee&(or'$ 4in(ere%(ingl', i(% ee&(or' U no( )inal %in&e 'o &an %(ill appeal U i( &an e %(a'ed ': o 8iling a no(i&e o) appeal and pa'ing )iling )ee% Po%(ing a %per%edea% ond 7*i&* will &over (*e ren(al% in arrear% Pa'ing (*e ren( de )rom (*e (ime o) rea&* (o (*e (ime o) 9dgmen( 8ailre (o pa' will ring ao( a wri( o) ee&(ion again%( 'o Can 'o appeal (*e de&i%ion o) (*e =C< De%, 'o &an (o (*e RCB o ( on&e (*e RC ma3e% a de&i%ion, i(% ee&(or' and &anno( e %(a'ed, even on appeal$ 4U' v San(iago, 2### 8rom (*e RC, w*ere do 'o go and *ow< CA via pe(i(ion )or review$ o Can 'o )ile a =R in (*e RC< De%, e&a%e i(% a&(ing in i(% appella(e &apa&i(' and i% no longer o %9e&( (o rle% o) %mmar' pro&edre$ Can 'o )ile an =R< NF$ Pro*ii(ed pleading$ o How ao( &er(iorari< N-**$ 7*a( i% a&&ion pli&iana< o A&(ion (o re&over rig*( (o po%%e%% proper(' 8iled in (*e RC or =C depending on proper(' vale o o 8ile wi(*in 1# 'ear% a)(er po%%e%%ion wa% lo%( 7*a( i% a&&ion reivindi&a(oria< o A&(ion (o re&over owner%*ip o) proper(' 8ollow %ame vala(ion% )or 9ri%di&(ion o 8iled wi(*in 1# 'ear% or ;# 'ear%, a% (*e &a%e ma' e 4depend% i) (*e de)endan( i% in /8 or o 8
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7*o el%e are ond ' (*e 9dgmen( 4%in&e i(% in per%onam, rig*(<< re%pa%%er, %a((er, or agen( o) de)endan( o&&p'ing (*e proper(' (o )r%(ra(e (*e o 9dgmen( o /e%( o) (*e de)endan( or memer o) )amil' o S-le%%ee, &o-le%%ee ran%)eree penden(e li(e or priv' o) de)endan( o 7ill (*e )iling o) ano(*er a&(ion )or annlmen( o) %ale, &an&ella(ion o) (i(le, e(&$ %%pend (*e a&(ion )ro e9e&(men(< No$ *o%e all deal wi(* owner%*ip and e9e&(men( i% 9%( a ma((er (o&*ing on po%%e%%ion o %o (*e a&(ion% &an &oin&ide$
RULE 71 CONTEMPT
Are you contemt with your life- 4n'a*B wo 3ind% o) &on(emp(: ire&( o !ndire&( o
S'()*+, 1- D*.'() (+,)') /,*' /.*<A '.+, ;/*<) + *'=*+. *, )' .'',(' + +. + ,'. (+/.) )+ +)./() +. *,)'../) )' .+(''*,; '+.' )' '! *,(
S'(- 2- R'' )'.'.+T' '.+, :/;' *, *.'() (+,)') , (+/.) ,+) '< )'.'.+! /) =*< *'< + )' .''*' + ('.)*+..* +. .+**)*+,- T' ''(/)*+, + )' :/;',) << ' /',' ',*,; .'+
ire&( &on(emp( An a&( o) di%re%pe&( in (*e pre%en&e o) or %o near (*e &or( o A% (o o%(r&( or in(errp( (*e pro&eeding% e)ore (*e %ame o Eample%: i%re%pe&( (oward% (*e 9dge o Having an o))en%ive per%onali(' (oward% o(*er% o Re)%al (o e %worn in or (o an%wer o Re)%al (o %%&rie an a))idavi( or depo%i(ion w*en law)ll' reired (o do %o 4%in&e a o depo%i(ion o))i&er i% an e(en%ion o) (*e 9dge A(('$ /evarra o 7earing %*or(% in (*e &or( 8iling pleading% w*i&* &on(ain a%ele%% a((a&3% on 9dge% 4A(('$ /evarra o Cell p*one 3eep% ringing o an&ing in (*e &or( o 8ar(ing and no( admi((ing i( o Na(re: Smmar' No need )or no(i&e or *earing o Penal(': RC and p: )ine no( e&eeding P2### andor impri%onmen( no( e&eeding 1# da'% o =C: )ine no( e&eeding P2## andor impri%onmen( no( e&eeding 1 da' o Remed': No appeal, onl' &er(iorari or pro*ii(ion o S(a' ee&(ion ' )iling a ond o
S'(- 3- I,*.'() (+,)') )+ ' /,*' )'. (.;' , '.*,;-
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A)'. (.;' *, .*)*,; '', *<'! , , ++.)/,*) ;*=', )+ )' .'+,',) )+ (+',) )'.'+, *)*, /( '.*+ ' *' )' (+/.) , )+ ' '. *'< +. (+/,' ?@ M*'=*+. + , +*('. + (+/.) *, )' '.+.,(' + * +*(*< /)*' +. *, * +*(*< ).,()*+, ?@ D*+'*',(' + +. .'*),(' )+ </< .*)! .+('! +.'.! +. :/;',) + (+/.)! *,(
S'(- 4- H+ .+(''*,; (+',('P.+(''*,; +. *,*.'() (+,)') ' *,*)*)' +)/ .+.*+ )' (+/.) ;*,) *( )' (+,)') (+*))' , +.'. +. , +)'. +.< (.;' .'B/*.*,; )' .'+,',) )+ + (/' ' +/< ,+) ' /,*' +. (+,)')I, << +)'. ('! (.;' +. *,*.'() (+,)') << ' (+',(' ='.**' ')*)*+, *) /+.)*,; .)*(/<. , ('.)**' )./' (+*' + +(/',) +. '. *,=+<=' )'.'*,! , /+, /<< (+<*,(' *) )' .'B/*.'',) +. *<*,; *,*)*)+. <'*,; +. (*=*< ()*+, *, )' (+/.) (+,('.,'I )' (+,)') (.;' .+' +/) + +. .' .'<)' )+ .*,(*< ()*+, ',*,; *, )' (+/.)! )' ')*)*+, +. (+,)') << <<';' )) () /) * ')*)*+, << ' +(')'! '. , '(*' '.)'<! /,<' )' (+/.) *, *) *(.')*+, +.'. )' (+,+<*)*+, + )' (+,)') (.;' , )' .*,(*< ()*+, +. :+*,) '.*,; , '(**+,-
S'(- 5- W'.' (.;' )+ ' *<'W'.' )' (.;' +. *,*.'() (+,)') '', (+*))' ;*,) R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) +. (+/.) + 'B/*=<',) +. *;'. .,! +. ;*,) , +*('. +*,)' *)! )' (.;' ' *<' *) /( (+/.)W'.' /( (+,)') '', (+*))' ;*,) <+'. (+/.)! )' (.;' ' *<' *) )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) + )' <(' *, *( )' <+'. (+/.) * *))*,; /) )' .+(''*,; <+ ' *,)*)/)' *, /( <+'. (+/.) /:'() )+ '< )+ )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) + /( <(' *, )' ' ,,'. .+=*' *, '()*+, 2 + )* R/<'-
S'(- 6- H'.*,; .'<'' +, *
S'(- 7- P/,*',) +. *,*.'() (+,)')I )' .'+,',) * :/;' ;/*<) + *,*.'() (+,)') (+*))' ;*,) R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) +. (+/.) + 'B/*=<',) +. *;'. .,! ' ' /,*' *,' ,+) '(''*,; )*.) )+/, '+ +. *.*+,',) ,+) '(''*,; * ?6@ +,)! +. +)- I ' * :/;' ;/*<) + (+,)') (+*))' ;*,) <+'. (+/.)! ' ' /,*' *,' ,+) '(''*,; *=' )+/, '+ +. *.*+,',) ,+) '(''*,; +,' ?1@ +,)! +. +)- I )' (+,)') (+,*) *, )' =*+<)*+, + .*) + *,:/,()*+,! )'+.. .').*,*,; +.'. +. ))/ B/+ +.'.! ' <+ ' +.'.' )+ ' (+<')' .')*)/)*+, )+ )' .) *,:/.' /( =*+<)*+, + )' .+'.) *,=+<=' +. /( +/,) ' <<';' , .+='T' .*) + ''(/)*+,! *, +.*,. (*=*< ()*+,! << */' +. )' ',+.('',) + :/;',) *+*,; *,' /,<' )' (+/.) +)'.*' .+=*'-
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 8- I.*+,',) /,)*< +.'. +''W', )' (+,)') (+,*) *, )' .'/< +. +**+, )+ + , () *( * ') *, )' +'. + )' .'+,',) )+ '.+.! ' ' *.*+,' +.'. + )' (+/.) (+,('.,' /,)*< ' '.+. *)-
S'(- 9- P.+(''*,; ', .) .'<'' +, *< *< )+ ,'.W', .'+,',) .'<'' +, *< *< )+ '. +, )' *' +. )' '.*,;! )' (+/.) */' ,+)'. +.'. + ..') +. +.'. )' +, +. * '.,(' )+ ' +.'*)' , (+,*()'! +. +) ,! * )' +, ' .+(''' ;*,)! )' '/.' + ;' << ' )' ')',) + )' <+ +. *,:/. /)*,' )' ;;.*'=' .) .'+, + )' *(+,/() +. *( )' (+,)') (.;' .+'(/)'! *) )' (+) + )' .+(''*,;! , /( .'(+='. << ' +. )' ','*) + )' .) *,:/.'- I )'.' * ,+ ;;.*'=' .)! )' +, << ' <*<' , *+' + *, (.**,< ('-
S'(- 10- C+/.) .'<'' .'+,',)T' (+/.) *( */' )' +.'. *.*+,*,; '.+, +. (+,)') *(.;' * .+ *.*+,',) ', *) '. )) /<*( *,)'.') *<< ,+) ' .':/*(' * .'<''-
S'(- 11- R'=*' + :/;',) +. *,< +.'. +, +. )T' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. + (+/.) *, (' + *,*.'() (+,)') ' '<' )+ )' .+'. (+/.) *, (.**,< ('- "/) ''(/)*+, + )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. << ,+) ' /',' /,)*< +, * *<' )' '.+, :/;' *, (+,)')! *, , +/,) *' )' (+/.) .+ *( )' '< * )',! (+,*)*+,' )) * )' '< ' '(*' ;*,) * ' *<< *' , '.+. )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'.
!ndire&( &on(emp( iola(ion o) an order or law)l pro&e%% o) (*e &or( o Eample%: =i%e*avior o) an o))i&er o) a &or( in (*e per)orman&e o) *i% o))i&ial d(ie% or in *i% o))i&ial o (ran%a&(ion%G i%oedien&e o) or re%i%(an&e (o a law)l wri(, pro&e%%, order, or 9dgmen( o) a &or(, o in&lding (*e a&( o) a per%on w*o, a)(er eing di%po%%e%%ed or e9e&(ed )rom an' real proper(' ' (*e 9dgmen( or pro&e%% o) an' &or( o) &ompe(en( 9ri%di&(ion, en(er% or a((emp(% or ind&e% ano(*er (o en(er in(o or pon %&* real proper(', )or (*e prpo%e o) ee&(ing a&(% o) owner%*ip or po%%e%%ion, or in an' manner di%(r% (*e po%%e%%ion given (o (*e per%on ad9dged (o e en(i(led (*ere(oG U%e in e9e&(men( &a%e%B An' a%e o) or an' nlaw)l in(er)eren&e wi(* (*e pro&e%%e% or pro&eeding% o) a &or( no( o &on%(i((ing dire&( &on(emp( nder %e&(ion 1G o An' improper &ond&( (ending, dire&(l' or indire&(l', (o impede, o%(r&(, or degrade (*e admini%(ra(ion o) 9%(i&eG A%%ming (o e an a((orne' or an o))i&er o) a &or(, and a&(ing a% %&* wi(*o( a(*ori('G o 8ailre (o oe' a %poena dl' %ervedG o *e re%&e, or a((emp(ed re%&e, o) a per%on or proper(' in (*e &%(od' o) an o))i&er ' o vir(e o) an order or pro&e%% o) a &or( *eld ' *im$ How &*arged< o 8ormal &*arge o) (*e 9dge mo( propio again%( w*i&* (*e &on(emp( wa% &ommi((ed, So i) (*e &on(emp( wa% made again%( Kdge o'o'ong in (*e RC o) C, Kdge Corp. o) RC o) =a3a(i &an no( ma3e (*e )ormal &*arge mo( propio eri)ied &omplain( )iled and do&3e(ed %epara(el'G i) in&iden( (o a &a%e, wi(* an op(ion (o o &on%olida(e wi(* (*e main &a%e 4old rle w*ere indire&( &on(emp( &an e )iled ' mere mo(ion i% no longer ei%(ing No(e: NF %mmar', need% no(i&e and *earing 7*ere do 'o )ile< o !) again%( RC 4or a &or( o) *ig*er ran3, or a per%on appoin(ed ' i(, )ile in (*e RC o !) again%( (*e =C, )ile in (*e RC or (*e =C 4%9e&( (o appeal (o (*e RC
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Penal(': RC and p: )ine no( e&eeding P;#### andor impri%onmen( no( e&eeding 6 mon(*% o =C: )ine no( e&eeding P?### andor impri%onmen( no( e&eeding 1 mon(* o o No(e: 7*en (*e &on(emp( &on%i%(% in (*e re)%al or omi%%ion (o do an a&( w*i&* i% 'e( in (*e power o) (*e re%ponden( (o per)orm, *e ma' e impri%oned ' order o) (*e &or( &on&erned n(il *e per)orm% i($ Sin&e *e i% in impri%on, *e &an *ave %omeone el%e do i( on *i% e*al)$ Remed': Appeal o Kdgmen( will onl' e %(a'ed )rom eing ee&(ed ' po%(ing a ond o Can a re(ired 9dge e &i(ed )or indire&( &on(emp(< De% 4Cra(a v PPA, 2##5, w*erein (*e 9dge di%oe'ed nmero% order% o) (*e CA o
S'(-12- C+,)') ;*,) B/*&:/*(*< ',)*)*'U,<' +)'.*' .+=*' <! )* R/<' << < )+ (+,)') (+*))' ;*,) '.+,! ',)*)*'! +*' +. ;',(*' ''.(**,; B/*&:/*(*< /,()*+,! +. << =' /<')+. ''() )+ /( ./<' )' =' +)' /./,) )+ /)+.*) ;.,)' )+ )' < )+ /,* +. (+,)')T' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) + )' <(' '.'*, )' (+,)') '', (+*))' << =' :/.**()*+, +='. /( (.;' ' *<' )'.'+.
8or &on(emp( in KA: o C*e&3 (*e KA rle% )ir%( e&a%e (*a( will govern$ !n (*e a%en&e (*ereo), Rle I1 will appl' %pple(oril'$ o Spe&ial rle on vene: RC w*ere (*e &on(emp( wa% &ommi((ed ae na muna sir'
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE VENUE IN CRIMINAL CASES
ene in &riminal &a%e% i% 9ri%di&(ional /R: *e pla&e w*ere (*e &rime i% &ommi((ed de(ermine% (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e &or($ o So i) (*e &rime wa% &ommi((ed in =a3a(i, onl' (*e &or(% o) =a3a(i *ave 9ri%di&(ion$ Compare wi(* &ivil &a%e% w*ere vene &an e agreed pon$ E0CEP: ran%i(or' and &on(ining o))en%e%, w*erein one or more o) (*e elemen(% *appened in di))eren( vene%$ o e%(a)a, w*ere (*e elemen(% ma' e &ommi((ed in di))eren( pla&e% 4w*ere de&ei( (oo3 pla&e, or w*ere damage %))ered o P 22 w*ere 'o &an )ile ei(*er in (*e pla&e o) i%%e o) &*e&3 or w*ere (*e &*e&3 wa% depo%i(ed and on&ed 4!%ip v People, 2##I, w*ere (*e &a%e wa% e%(a)a-P22 (oge(*er and i( wa% proven (*a( (*e (ran%a&(ion *appened in (*e an&e%(ral *ome o) (*e &omplainan(, *en&e vene wa% (*ere Can an o))en%e e &ommi((ed o(%ide (*e P*ilippine% 'e( e )iled *ere< o De%, nder: Ar(i&le 2 o) (*e RPC12 Hman Se&ri(' Law, &overing a&(% o) (errori%m1;
12 1(
R/ -(72, SEC. 58. Dtra:0erritorial /pplication of this /ct. GH4 Subject to the provision of an eisting treaty of hich the $ hilippines is a signatory and to any contrary provision of any la of preferential application, the provisions of this /ct shall apply! "1# to individual persons ho commit any of the crimes defined and punished in this /ct ithin the terrestrial domain, interior aters, maritime &one, and airspace of the $hilippines% "2# to individual persons ho, although physically outside the territorial limits of the $hilippines, commit, conspire or plot to commit any of the crimes defined and punished in this /ct inside the territorial limits of the $hilippines% "(# to individual persons ho, although physically outside the territorial limits of the $hilippines, commit any of the said crimes on board $hilippine ship or $hilippine airship% ")# to individual persons ho commit any of said crimes ithin any embassy, consulate, or diplomatic premises belonging to or occupied by the $hilippine government in an official capacity% "*# to individual persons ho, although physically outside the territorial limits of the $hilippines, commit said crimes against $hilippine citi&ens or persons of $hilippine descent, here their citi&enship or ethnicity as a factor in the commission of the crime% and "+# to individual persons ho, although physically outside the territorial limits of the $hilippines, commit said crimes directly against the $hilippine government.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Read wi(* Rle 11#, Se& 1?$ 1> !) o))en%e &ommi((ed in a (rain, &ar, plane, or ve*i&le in (*e &or%e o) i(% (rip: w*erever (*e o ve*i&le pa%%ed dring i(% (ripG in&lding (*e pla&e o) i(% depar(re and arrival o !) o))en%e &ommi((ed on oard a ve%%el: )ir%( por( o) en(r' or w*er (*e ve%%el pa%%ed dring (*e vo'age 8or Ar(i&le 2: w*ere (*e &riminal a&(ion i% )ir%( )iled o 7*a( i) (*e *earing% are &ond&(ed el%ew*ere< No( an e&ep(ion (o (*e rle (*a( vene i% 9ri%di&(ional$ o =ere (ran%)er o) vene, w*a( wa% (ran%)erred wa% (*e vene o) (*e *earing, ( (*e pla&e o o) in%(i((ion wa% %(ill (*e pla&e w*ere (*e &rime wa% &ommi((ed$ Eample%: Ampa(an &a%e eing *eard in =anilaG =a'or San&*e. eing *eard in Pa%ig in%(ead o) Lagna o Allowed nder (*e Con%(i((ion, a% long a% (*e (ran%)er i% approved ' (*e SC 7*a( de(ermine% (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e &or(< o !( i% de(ermined ' (*e allega(ion% in (*e in)orma(ion A% long a% an' one o) (*e elemen(% o) (*e o))en%e, or (*e o))en%e i(%el), i% &ommi((ed o wi(*in (*e (erri(orial 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e &or(, and (*e%e are alleged in (*e in)orma(ion, (*en (*e &or( &an (a3en &ogni.an&e o) (*e &a%e$ 48o. v 8a9ardo, 2##5, a liel &a%e w*i&* wa% di%mi%%ed )or improper vene )or )ailre (o %*ow in (*e in)orma(ion (*e relevan( 9ri%di&(ional )a&(%1? o !n oni)a&io v RC 42#1#, (*e i%%e revolved arond (*e vene o) in(erne( liel &a%e%$ *e SC *eld (*a( (*e vene i% NF w*ere (*e online ar(i&lewe%i(e wa% a&&e%%ed$ o &on%ider (*e pla&e o) a&&e%% a% @prin(ed and )ir%( pli%*ed wold le( people &*oo%e an in&onvenien( vene )or (*e a&&%ed$ 4Here, (*e in)orma(ion %(a(ed @)ir%( pli%*ed and accessed Kri%di&(ion o) RC=C RC: Penal(' e&eed% %i 'ear% impri%onmen( o Regardle%% o) )ine or a&&e%%or' penal(' oe%n( ma((er i) &ommi((ed in =e(ro =anila or o(%ide o) == =C: Penal(' doe% no( e&eed %i 'ear% impri%onmen(16 o Al%o, )or viola(ion% o) &i(' or mni&ipal ordinan&e% !) penal(' i% 9%( a )ine 4SC Cir&lar #5-5>: o RC: e&eed% P>### =C: doe% no( e&eed P>### 7*o *a% 9ri%di&(ion (o i%%e *old depar(re order%< o Fnl' (*e RC$ =C &an NF$ Hold-depar(re order% %*all e i%%ed onl' in &riminal &a%e% wi(*in (*e e&l%ive 9ri%idi&(on o) (*e RC$ 4=onde9ar v an, &i(ing SC Cir&lar ;5-5I$ Hen&e, a =C 9dge *andling a P 22 &a%e &an NF i%%e a *old-depar(re order$
1)
Rule 11, Sec. 1*. $lace here action is to be instituted. – "a# Subject to eisting las, the criminal action shall be instituted and tried in the court of the municipality or territory here the offense as committed or here any of its essential ingredients occurred. "b# Where an offense is committed in a train, aircraft, or other public or private vehicle in the course of its trip, the criminal action shall be instituted and tried in the court of any municipality or territory here such train, aircraft, or other vehicle passed during its trip, including the place of its departure and arrival. "c# Where an offense is committed on board a vessel in the course of its voyage, the criminal action shall be instituted and tried in the court of the first port of entry or of any municipality or territory here the vessel passed during such voyage, subject to the generally accepted principles of international la. "d# 9rimes committed outside the $hilippines but punishable under /rticle 2 of the Revised $enal 9ode shall be cogni&able by the court here the criminal action is first filed. 1* Special libel venue! 1# province or city here the libelous article as printed a nd first published, or 2# in the province here the offended party actually resided at the time of the commission of the offense 1+ R/ 7+-1, Sec. (2. Iurisdiction of 3etropolitan 0rial 9ourts, 3unicipal 0rial 9ourts and 3unicipal 9ircuit 0rial 9ourts in 9riminal 9ases. – Dcept in cases falli ng ithin the eclusive original jurisdiction of Regional 0rial 9ourts and of the Sandiganbayan, the 3etropolitan 0rial 9ourts, 3unicipal 0rial 9ourts, and 3unicipal 9ircuit 0rial 9ourts shall eercise! ="1# Dclusive original jurisdiction over all violations of city or municipal ordinances committed ithin their respective territorial jurisdiction% and ="2# Dclusive original jurisdiction over all offenses punishable ith imprisonment not eceeding si "+# years irrespective of the amount of fine, and regardless of other imposable accessory or other penalties, including the civil liability arising from such offenses or predicated thereon, irrespective of 'ind, nature, value or a mount thereof! $rovided, hoever, 0hat in offenses involving damage to property through criminal negligence, they shall have eclusive original jurisdiction thereof.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
o
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*e Se&re(ar' o) K%(i&e &an al%o i%%e *old-depar(re order% even wi(*o( an' in)orma(ion )iled in &or(, ( (*i% i% nder (*e ee&(ive ran&*, and m%( e %ppor(ed ' proale &a%e$ *i% i% eing e%(ioned (oda'$ i))eren&e e(ween HF and a wa(&* li%(: HF: 'o &an( leave 7a(&* li%(: 'ore eing wa(&*ed, ( 'o &an leave
SPECIAL ARARIAN COURT JURISDICTION
7*a( i% (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e Spe&ial Agrarian Cor(< RC, %i((ing a% a Spe&ial Agrarian Cor(, *a% 9ri%di&(ion over o All &riminal o))en%e% nder RA 66?I$ e(ermina(ion o) 9%( &ompen%a(ion in agrarian &a%e%$ Re%( o) i%%e% on agrarian re)orm )all nder (*e AR$ 4Land an3 o) (*e P*ilippine% v elli%(a, 2##5 How do 'o in%(i((e &riminal &a%e% in (*e RC, a&(ing a% a Spe&ial Agrarian Cor(< o Same manner a% ordinar' &riminal a&(ion%$ Same rle a% )or &a%e% in (*e &ommer&ial &or(%, e(&, a% long a% no %pe&ial law epre%%e% o(*erwi%e$
SANDIAN"AYAN JURISDICTION
7*a( i% (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e Sandigana'an< o *e a&&%ed i% a( lea%( a Salar' /rade 2I emplo'ee$ Li3e a mni&ipal ma'or 4E%ivel v Fmd%man, 2##2 Can (*ere e in%(an&e% w*en 'o are no( S/2I and %(ill e nder (*e S 9ri%di&(ion< De%, i) (*e law epre%%l' provide% %o$ So, (*e )ollowing are nder o (*e S 9ri%di&(ion: =emer% o) (*e %angg panlng%od 4People v S, 2##5 A %(den( reagen( 4Serrana v S, 2##J, %in&e (*e S *a% 9ri%di&(ion over S(a(e-owned niver%i(ie% and (*e %(den( reagen( i% a memer o) i(% oard And (*e o))en%e i% &ommi((ed in rela(ion (o (*eir o))i&e$ o =eaning, wi(*o( (*e o))i&e, (*e &rime wold no( *ave een &ommi((ed$ Can 'o e &*arged o) o))en%e% )alling nder (*e RPC in (*e Sandigana'an< o De%$ Li3e malver%a(ion$ oe% e(en( o) par(i&ipa(ion ma((er< o No$ oe%n( ma((er i) prin&ipal, a&&ompli&e or a&&e%%or'$ A long a% S/ 2I and p, or ' epre%% provi%ion o) law, %andigana'an *a% K$ o 7*a( i) (*ere i% one pli& o))i&er )alling nder (*e S 9ri%di&(ion and (*e o(*er i% no(< A% long a% one o) (*em i% nder (*e 9d o) (*e S, (*e' &an o(* e &*arged a% &o-a&&%ed$ o 4E%ivel v Fm, w*ere a mni&ipal ma'or QS/ 2I and a aranga' &ap(ain Qno( nder S 9d were &orre&(l' &*arged nder (*e S Same rle applie% i) (*e &o-a&&%ed i% a priva(e par('$ o 7*a( i) (*e pli& o))i&er i% no( S/2I ( (*e o))i&e wa% a &on%(i((ive elemen( o) (*e o))en%e< 7*i&* &or( *a% 9ri%di&(ion< o Reglar &or(%, %9e&( (o appeal e)ore (*e S$ o e&a%e (*e S *a% o(* original and appella(e 9ri%di&(ion$
OM"UDSMAN JURISDICTION
7*a( i% (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e F=< Cover% an' o) mal)ea%an&emi%)ea%an&e or omi%%ion ' a pli& o))i&er o Need no( e rela(ed (o (*e o))i&ial d(ie%$ *e mere )a&( (*a( 'o are a pli& o))i&er mean% (*a( (*e F= *a% 9ri%di&(ion$ 7*a( i) (*e pli& o))i&er i% no( on d('< o oe%n( ma((er, F= *a% 9ri%di&(ion (o inve%(iga(e$
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Rememer: F= i% no( a &or(, ( an inve%(iga(ive od'$ o *e F= *a% (*e power (o inve%(iga(e and pro%e&(e an' a&( or omi%%ion o) a pli& o))i&er or emplo'ee w*en %&* a&( or omi%%ion appear% (o e illegal, n9%(, improper, or in%))i&ien($ 4Pre%iden(ial Ad Ho& v e%ier(o, 2##I !( *a% di%&re(ion w*e(*er or no( an in)orma(ion %*old e )iled$ o !( &an di%mi%% a &omplain( o(rig*( i) (*ere% wan( o) palpale meri($ o !( &an di%mi%% even wi(*o( a re%pon%e ' (*e alleged o))ender$ !( &an al%o )ile (*e in)orma(ion even i) (*ere i% a pending =R$ 4Rami%&al v S, 2#1#, o w*erein (*e SC %ed (*e Rle% o) Pro&edre o) (*e F= (o %(a(e (*a( (*e )iling o) an =R=o(ion )or Reinve%(iga(ion %*all NF ar (*e )iling o) (*e in)orma(ion *e F= *a% primar' 9ri%di&(ion over &a%e% &ogni.ale ' (*e S and in (*e eer&i%e o) i(% primar' 9ri%di&(ion, i( ma' (a3e over, a( an' %(age, )rom an' inve%(iga(or' agen&' o) (*e /overnmen($ Hen&e, (*e F= &an (a3eover a( w*a(ever %(age (*e inve%(iga(ion ' (*e FK$ 4FK v o Liwag, 2##? No(e: *e F=% power% (o pro%e&(e i% no( limi(ed (o &a%e% in (*e S ( al%o (*o%e &ogni.ale ' (*e reglar &or(%$ 4Ca%(ro v eloria, 2##5, w*erein (*e F= )iled a malver%a(ion &a%e again%( a !R o))i&er in (*e RC$ o *e law doe% no( ma3e a di%(in&(ion e(ween &a%e% &ogni.ale ' (*e S and (*o%e &ogni.ale ' reglar &or(%$ K%( (a3e no(e (*a( w*en i( &ome% (o &a%e% &ogni.ale ' (*e S, (*e F= *a% primar' 9ri%di&(ion$ *e F))i&e o) (*e Spe&ial Pro%e&(or 4FSP i% nder (*e a(*ori(' o) (*e F=$ !( ma' a&( onl' pon (*e a(*ori(' o) (*e F=$ Hen&e, wi(*o( a(*ori(' )rom (*e F=, (*e FSP &an NF )ile an in)orma(ion$ o *e FSP *a% NF delega(ed power (o amend in)orma(ion$ !( m%( e dire&(ed ' (*e F= (o do %o$ 4ar e%(ion !( %*old al%o )ile an in)orma(ion i) (*e F= dire&(% i( (oo, even i) i(% ini(ial o re&ommenda(ion i% (o di%mi%% (*e &omplain($ 4La.a(in v e%ier(o i))eren&e e(ween (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e& and (*e F= Pro%e& general 9ri%di&(ion over o))en%e% nder (*e RPC 4FK v Liwag o F= primar' 9ri%di&(ion over &a%e% nder (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) (*e F=$ o Can pli& o))i&er% e inve%(iga(ed ' (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e&< DESB *e FP i% no( pre&lded (o inve%(iga(e on alleged o))en%e% ' pli& o))i&er%, ( no(e (*a( (*e F= *a% primar' 9ri%di&(ion over &a%e% nder (*e S, %o (*e F= &an (a3e over a( an' (ime$ 4FK v Liwag *e F= &an inve%(iga(e pon: !(% own ini(ia(ive, even wi(*o( a )ormal &omplain( lodged e)ore i( o o !nir' in(o a&(% o) governmen( a%ed on media 4B or o(*er %or&e% *e me(*od o) )iling a &omplain( wi(* (*e F= i% dire&(, in)ormal, %peed' and inepen%ive$ All 'o need i% %))i&ien( in)orma(ion de(ailing (*e illegal or improper a&(% &omplained o) 4FK v Liwag Compare (*i% (o (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e&(or w*ere 'o need an a))idavi( &omplain( 4(*a(% ano(*er di))eren&e e(ween (*e FP and (*e F= e&a%e o) AF J w*i&* &lari)ied and modi)ied &er(ain rle% o) pro&edre o) (*e F=, all pro%e&(or% are now dep(i.ed F= pro%e&(or%$ Re%ol(ion% in F= &a%e% again%( pli& o))i&er% and emplo'ee% prepared ' a dep(i.ed o a%%i%(an( pro%e&(or %*all e %mi((ed (o (*e Provin&ial or Ci(' Pro%e&(or &on&erned w*o %*all )orward (*e %ame (o (*e ep(' F= o) (*e area wi(* *i% re&ommenda(ion )or (*e approval or di%approval (*ereo)$ *e ep(' F= %*all (a3e appropria(e )inal a&(ion, in&lding (*e approval o) i(% )iling in (*e proper reglar &or( or (*e di%mi%%al$ !) i(% nder (*e 9d o) (*e S, i( %*all e )orwarded ' (*e ep(' (o (*e F))i&e o) (*e F=$ 4Se%reno v Aglg, 2##? How do 'o review (*e a&(ion% o) (*e F=< !) on admin &a%e%, go (o (*e CA nder Rle >; 4KA% o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
!) &riminal &a%e% and (*ere i% /AALEK, go (o (*e SC nder Rle 6?$ 4An(onino v F=, 2##J 7*i&* de&i%ion% o) (*e F= in admin &a%e% are no( appealale< o Pli& &en%re or reprimand o S%pen%ion o) no( more (*an 1 mon(* 8ine o) no( more (*an 1 mon(* %alar' o o
POWER OF THE SECRETARY OF JUSTICE OVER THE PROSECUTORS
*e Se&re(ar' o) K%(i&e eer&i%e% (*e power o) dire&( &on(rol and %pervi%ion over (*e de&i%ion% or re%ol(ion% o) (*e pro%e&(or%$ o *i% in&lde% (*e a(*ori(' (o a&( dire&(l' w*enever a %pe&i)i& )n&(ion i% en(r%(ed ' law or regla(ion (o a %ordina(e (o dire&( (*e per)orman&e o) d(', and (o approve, revi%e or modi)' a&(% and de&i%ion o) %ordina(e o))i&ial% or ni(% 4Pn.alan v de la Pena, 2##> Read wi(* Preliminar' !nve%(iga(ion and FK Cir&lar I#$
ROLE OF THE OS IN CRIMINAL CASES
!n (rial &or(%, (*e 8!SCAL repre%en(% (*e People o) (*e P*ilippine%$ !n (*e CA or (*e SC, i( i% (*e FS/ w*o m%( repre%en( (*e People, no( (*e )i%&al$ 4People v &a, 2##5, w*erein de pro&e%% wa% viola(ed e&a%e (*e FS/ wa% no( a%3ed (o &ommen( on a &a%e pending in (*e CA o ( read wi(* Rle ;, Se& 221I
RULE 110 % PROSECUTION OF OFFENSES S'()*+, 1- I,)*)/)*+, + (.**,< ()*+,-% C.**,< ()*+, << ' *,)*)/)' +<<+> ?@ F+. +',' '.' .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, * .'B/*.' /./,) )+ '()*+, 1 + R/<' 112! *<*,; )' (+<*,) *) )' .+'. +*('. +. )' /.+' + (+,/()*,; )' .'B/**)' .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,?@ F+. << +)'. +','! *<*,; )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, *.'()< *) )' M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) , M/,*(*< C*.(/*) T.*< C+/.)! +. )' (+<*,) *) )' +*(' + )' .+'(/)+.- I, M,*< , +)'. (.)'.' (*)*'! )' (+<*,) << ' *<' *) )' +*(' + )' .+'(/)+. /,<' +)'.*' .+=*' *, )'*. (.)'.T' *,)*)/)*+, + )' (.**,< ()*+, << *,)'../) )' ./,,*,; + )' '.*+ + .'(.*)*+, + )' +',' (.;' /,<' +)'.*' .+=*' *, '(*< <
8or prpo%e% o) 9ri%di&(ion, no need (o di%(ingi%* e(ween == and F(%ide =e(ro =anila 4a% in &ivil &a%e%$ ( )or (*e in%(i((ion o) (*e &riminal &omplain(, 'o *ave (o di%(ingi%* e(ween ==C*ar(ered Ci(ie% and F==$ =e(ro =anilaC*ar(ered Ci(ie% F(%ide =e(ro =anilaFCC 4< Reiring Prelim !nve%(iga(ion F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e& F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e& 4a( lea%( > 'ear%, 2 mon(*%, 1 da' No( reiring P! F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e& Provin&ial Pro%e&=C 8alling nder Rle on F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e& Provin&ial Pro%e&=C Smmar' Pro&edre 7*o &ond&(% (*e preliminar' inve%(iga(ion< o Pro%e&(or Fmd%man o 7*a( ao( (*e =C 9dge< No longer allowed, old rle *a% een amended$ Can 'o )ile dire&(l' in a =e(ropoli(an rial Cor( 4=e( C< No, 'o &an onl' )ile dire&(l' wi(* a =UN!C!PAL (rial &or( 4=C$ o Fnl' =e(ro =anila and C*ar(ered Ci(ie% *ave =e(ropoli(an C% 4%o 'o )i le wi(* (*e FP$ o 8or &a%e% in =e(ro =anila w*i&* reire P!, )ollow Rle 112, Se& ;$
17
Sec. 22. 5otice to the Solicitor Jeneral.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
8ile &omplain( !nve%(iga(ing o))i&er di%mi%%e% i( or i%%e% %poena (o re%ponden( o Re%ponden( %mi(% &on(er-a))idavi( !) %poena impo%%ile or no &on(er-a))idavi(, inve%(iga(ing o))i&er de&ide% a%ed on &omplain( !) (*ere i% &on(er-a))idavi(, (*e o))i&er &an &all a &lari)i&a(or' *earing Re%ol(ion o o No(e: all 1# da' period% 8or &a%e% in =e(ro =anila w*i&* do NF reire P!, )ollow Rle 112, Se& ; 4a onl'$ o K%( )iling o) (*e &omplain( *en (*e pro%e&(or de&ide% *ow (o re%olve o *e in%(i((ion o) a &riminal a&(ion %*all in(errp( (*e rnning o) (*e pre%&rip(ion period Unle%% provided ' %pe&ial law%$ o *e %pe&ial law (*a( generall' govern% (*i% i% A&( ;;26$ A&( ;;26 govern% %pe&ial law% w*i&* do no( provide )or (*eir own pre%&rip(ive period%$ Law% w*i&* *ave (*eir own pre%&rip(ive period rle%: Ele&(ion law ? 'ear% o /eno&ide law NEER pre%&rie% o !n A&( ;;26, w*a( doe% @pro&eeding% mean< !( in&lde% 9di&ial pro&eeding%, and !( al%o in&lde% ee&(ive pro&eeding%$ *i% mean% inve%(iga(ion ' (*e ee&(ive depar(men($ Hen&e, w*en a &riminal &omplain( i% )iled in SEC )or (*e o inve%(iga(ion o) a &rime, (*e period i% in(errp(ed$ 4SEC !n(erpor(, w*erein (*e Cor( %aid (*a( (*e inve%(iga(ion o) (*e SEC )or a &rime nder (*e Revi%ed Se&ri(ie% A&( in(errp(ed (*e period$ See )oo(no(e on ea&( word% o) SC$ 1J Hen&e, in a &omplain( nder (*e !n(elle&(al Proper(' Law, (*e o pre%&rip(ion period i% in(errp(ed w*en (*e &omplain( i% )iled wi(* (*e FK )or preliminar' inve%(iga(ion$ 4Sanrio o 8or P22, (*e )iling o) (*e &a%e wi(* (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e&(or will in(errp( (*e rnning o) (*e period$ 4Panagi(on v FK, 2##J o o
S'(- 2- T' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, % T' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, << ' *, .*)*,;! *, )' ,' + )' P'+<' + )' P*<**,' , ;*,) << '.+, + '. )+ ' .'+,*<' +. )' +',' *,=+<='S'(- 3- C+<*,) '*,'- % A (+<*,) * +., .*))', ))'',) (.;*,; '.+, *) , +','! /(.*' )' +',' .)! , '(' +*('.! +. +)'. /<*( +*('. (.;' *) )' ',+.('',) + )' < =*+<)'S'(- 4- I,+.)*+, '*,'- % A, *,+.)*+, * , ((/)*+, *, .*)*,; (.;*,; '.+, *) , +','! /(.*' )' .+'(/)+. , *<' *) )' (+/.)S'(- 5- W+ /) .+'(/)' (.**,< ()*+,- & A<< (.**,< ()*+, '*)'. (+',(' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, << ' .+'(/)' /,'. )' *.'()*+, , (+,).+< + /<*( .+'(/)+.- I, (' + '= +. ('/<' + )' /<*( .+'(/)+. +. *, )' '=',) + <( + /<*( .+'(/)+.! )' .*=)' .+'(/)+. ' /)+.*' *, .*)*,; )' C*' + )' P.+'(/)*+, O*(' +. )' R';*+,< S))' P.+'(/)+. )+ .+'(/)' )' (' /:'() )+ )' .+=< + )' (+/.)- O,(' + /)+.*' )+ .+'(/)' )' (.**,< ()*+,! )' .*=)' .+'(/)+. << (+,)*,/' )+ .+'(/)' )' (' / )+ ', + )' ).*< '=', *, )' ',(' + /<*( .+'(/)+.! /,<' )' /)+.*) * .'=+' +. +)'.*' *).,T' (.*' + /<)'. , (+,(/*,;' << ,+) ' .+'(/)' '(') /+, (+<*,) *<' )' +',' +/'- T' +',' .) (,,+) *,)*)/)' (.**,< .+'(/)*+, *)+/) *,(
4
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro .)*'! * +) .' <*='! ,+.! *, , ('! * )' +',' .) (+,',)' )+ )' +',' +. .+,' )' +','.T' +',' + '/()*+,! /()*+, , () + <(*=*+/,' << ,+) ' .+'(/)' /+, (+<*,) *<' )' +',' .) + '. .',)! ;.,.',) +. ;/.*,! ,+.! *, , ('! * )' +','. '', '.'< .+,' , + )'- I )' +',' .) *' +. '(+' *,((*))' '+.' ' (, *<' )' (+<*,)! , ' ,+ ,+, .',)! ;.,.',) +. ;/.*,! )' S))' << *,*)*)' )' (.**,< ()*+, *, '. '<T' +',' .)! '=', * *,+.! )' .*;) )+ *,*)*)' )' .+'(/)*+, + )' +',' + '/()*+,! /()*+, , () + <(*=*+/,' *,'',',)< + '. .',)! ;.,.',)! +. ;/.*,! /,<' ' * *,(+')',) +. *,(<' + +*,; +- W'.' )' +',' .)! + * *,+.! *< )+ *<' )' (+<*,)! '. .',)! ;.,.',)! +. ;/.*, *<' )' '- T' .*;) )+ *<' )' ()*+, ;.,)' )+ .',)! ;.,.',)! +. ;/.*, << ' '(
*e pli& pro%e&(or *a% &on(rol and %pervi%ion o) a &riminal &a%e$ A% %&*, *e *a% (*e )ollowing d(ie%: Cond&( P! o Pro%e&(e a &a%e o o Cond&( ine%( pro&eeding% 4&on%i%(en( wi(* Rle 112, Se& 6 No(e: *e pro%e& w*o did (*e P! will no( e (*e %ame pro%e& w*o will pro%e&(e (*e &a%e$ *%, (*e pli& pro%e&(or m%( e (*ere dring (*e &a%e$ !) (*e pro%e&(or i% a%en(, (*e *earing will e &an&elled$ o !) (*e *earing &on(ine% de%pi(e *i% a%en&e, (*e pro&eeding% will e &on%idered nll and void$ Even i) (*e pli& pro%e&(or% pre%en&e i% pa%%ive, *e %(ill *a% (o e (*ere %in&e *e *a% o &on(rol and %pervi%ion over (*e &a%e$ 4Pino(e v A'&o, w*erein (*e pli& pro%e&(or wa% a%en( dring (*e dire&( eamina(ion o) (*e wi(ne%% o) (*e de)en%e E0CEP!FN (o (*e pli& pro%e&(or% pre%en&e: i) (*e priva(e pro%e&(or &an o(ain a &er(i)i&a(ion )rom (*e C*ie) o) (*e Pro%e&(ion F))i&e allowing *im (o pro%e&(e even in (*e a%en&e o) a pli& pro%e&$ 4*e &er( la%(% n(il (*e &a%e end% *e priva(e pro%e&(or in(ervene% )or (*e priva(e o))ended par(', and doe% NF repre%en( (*e people$ *ere are %pe&ial rle% on priva(e o))en%e% and w*o &an ini(ia(e (*em 4See Rle 112, Se& ;A )or pli& &rime%: Adl(er'&on&inage: m%( e ' (*e o))ended %po%e and m%( implead o(* (*e o o))ending %po%e and *i%*er paramor Can NF in%(i((e i) (*e o))ended &on%en(ed or pardoned (*e o))ender% Ad&(ion, %ed&(ion, a&(% o) la%&ivio%ne%%: m%( e ' (*e o))ended par(' or *er o paren(%, grandparen(%, gardian, or (*e S(a(e 4in (*a( order i) %*e i% a minor, %ee par > Can NF in%(i((e i) (*ere wa% epre%% pardon o) an' o) (*em No(e: =inor% &an ini(ia(e (*e a&(ion (*em%elve% 4e%pe&iall' i) (*e o))ender i% (*eir rela(ive, e&ep( w*en in&ompe(en( or in&apa&i(a(ed Rape: no longer a priva(e &rime o e)ama(ion w*i&* &on%i%(% in (*e imp(a(ion o) an' o) (*e o))en%e% aove: m%( e ' (*e o o))ended par('
S'(- 6- S/*(*',( + (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,- % A (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, * /*(*',) * *) ))' )' ,' + )' ((/' )' '*;,)*+, + )' +',' ;*=', )' ))/)' )' () +. +**+, (+<*,' + (+,)*)/)*,; )' +',' )' ,' + )' +',' .) )' .+*)' )' + )' (+**+, + )' +',' , )' <(' '.' )' +',' (+*))'W', , +',' * (+*))' +.' ), +,' '.+,! << + )' << ' *,(
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro ('.)*,'! ' /) ' '(.*' /,'. *()*)*+/ ,' *) ))'',) )) * )./' ,' * /,,+,I )' )./' ,' + )' ((/' * )'.')'. *(<+' * +. '. *, +' +)'. ,,'. )+ )' (+/.)! /( )./' ,' << ' *,'.)' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, , .'(+.S'(- 8- D'*;,)*+, + )' +','- % T' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, << ))' )' '*;,)*+, + )' +',' ;*=', )' ))/)'! ='. )' () +. +**+, (+,)*)/)*,; )' +','! , '(* *) B/<**,; , ;;.=)*,; (*.(/),('- I )'.' * ,+ '*;,)*+, + )' +','! .''.',(' << ' ' )+ )' '()*+, +. /'()*+, + )' ))/)' /,**,; *)S'(- 9- C/' + )' ((/)*+,- % T' () +. +**+, (+<*,' + (+,)*)/)*,; )' +',' , )' B/<**,; , ;;.=)*,; (*.(/),(' /) ' ))' *, +.*,. , (+,(*' <,;/;' , ,+) ,'('.*< *, )' <,;/;' /' *, )' ))/)' /) *, )'. /*(*',) )+ ',<' '.+, + (++, /,'.),*,; )+ ,+ ) +',' * '*,; (.;' '<< *) B/<**,; , ;;.=)*,; (*.(/),(' , +. )' (+/.) )+ .+,+/,(' :/;',)S'(- 10- P<(' + (+**+, + )' +','- % T' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, * /*(*',) * *) (, ' /,'.)++ .+ *) <<';)*+, )) )' +',' (+*))' +. +' + *) '',)*< *,;.'*',) +((/..' ) +' <(' *)*, )' :/.**()*+, + )' (+/.)! /,<' )' .)*(/<. <(' '.' *) (+*))' (+,)*)/)' , '',)*< '<'',) + )' +',' (.;' +. * ,'('. +. *) *',)**()*+,S'(- 11- D)' + (+**+, + )' +','- & I) * ,+) ,'('. )+ ))' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, )' .'(*' )' )' +',' (+*))' '(') ', *) * )'.*< *,;.'*',) + )' +','- T' +',' ' <<';' )+ =' '', (+*))' +, )' ,'. +*<' )+ )' ()/< )' + *) (+**+,S'(- 12- N' + )' +',' .)- % T' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, /) ))' )' ,' , /.,' + )' '.+, ;*,) + +. ;*,) +' .+'.) )' +',' (+*))'! +. , '<<)*+, +. ,*(,' *( /( '.+, '', +. * ,+,- I )'.' * ,+ '))'. + *',)**,; *! ' /) ' '(.*' /,'. *()*)*+/ ,'?@ I, +',' ;*,) .+'.)! * )' ,' + )' +',' .) * /,,+,! )' .+'.) /) ' '(.*' *) /( .)*(/<.*) )+ .+'.< *',)* )' +',' (.;'?@ I )' )./' ,' + )' '.+, ;*,) + +. ;*,) +' .+'.) )' +',' (+*))' * )'.')'. *(<+' +. ('.)*,'! )' (+/.) /) (/' /( )./' ,' )+ ' *,'.)' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, , )' .'(+.?(@ I )' +',' .) * :/.**(< '.+,! *) * /*(*',) )+ ))' *) ,'! +. , ,' +. '*;,)*+, *( *) * ,+, +. *( *) ' *',)**'! *)+/) ,'' + ='..*,; )) *) * :/.**(< '.+, +. )) *) * +.;,*' *, ((+.,(' *) <
Se& 6-12 %*ow% w*en an in)orma(ion i% %))i&ien($ Name o) (*e a&&%ed: )ll name plea%e !) )ll name no( 3nown, %e ni&3name 4no a3a, li3e @C*&3 )or C*arle% or appella(ion o 4a+a @o' Unga% @iniining Po3po3er% @=anong iga%in @Klio Amo' ae @o' gaw o !) no ni&3name or appella(ion, %e Ko*n oe or Kane oe$ e%igna(ion o) (*e o))en%e: %e (*e name given ' (*e %(a((e o !) none, 9%( %a' (*e %e&(ion viola(ed 4@Se& ? o) (*e A Al%o indi&a(e (*e a&(% or omi%%ion% &on%(i((ing (*e o))en%e o Even in (*e a%en&e o) a par(i&lar %e&(ion, ( (*e allega(ion in (*e in)o %*ow% (*a( 'o 3now (*e na(re o) (*e o))en%e, (*en i(% allowed a% %%(an(ial &omplian&e o a%i& rle: w*a( 'o allege, 'o *ave (o prove$ Read wi(* Rle 12#, Se& >$ 15 @r' and a((emp( (o rape in (*e in)orma(ion i% no( %))i&ien( 4People v imaano, >65 o SCRA 6>I !) (*ere wa% an alleged (ampering wi(* (*e in)orma(ion, i( &an NF e %e( a%ide i) o arraignmen( *ad alread' een &ond&(ed 4La%o' v "enaro%a, w*ere @gram% in%(ead o) @3ilogram% were pla&ed in (*e in)orma(ion )or A, SC %aid &an( amend e&a%e a&&%ed alread' in dole 9eopard' ali)'ing and aggrava(ing &ir&m%(an&e% =US FH e alleged o !) no( alleged ( proven in (rial, %(ill NF allowed
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Sec. ). Iudgment in case of variance beteen allegati on and proof. – When there is variance beteen the offense charged in the complaint or information and that proved, and the offense as charged is included in or necessarily includes the offense proved, the accused shall be convicted of the offense proved hich is included in the offense charged, or of the offense charged hich is included in the offense proved.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
=i(iga(ing: no need (o allege %in&e par( o) (*e de)en%e o) (*e a&&%ed o Ca%e o) a&&%a(ion: *e langage o) (*e in)orma(ion m%( e: o S(a(ed in ordinar' and &on&i%e langage !n (*e langage o) (*e in)orma(ion o) (*e a&&%ed So (*a( *e i% properl' in)ormed &an ma3e a proper arraignmen( and plea 4Rle 116 oe% (*i% mean (*a( i) *e onl' %pea3% C*ine%e, (*e in)o *a% (o e in C*ine%e< NF$ !( %(ill *a% (o e in Engli%* 4or 8ilipino, ( rarel', i( 9%( *a% o (o e in(erpre(ed (o *im$ a(e o) &ommi%%ion: no need )or %pe&i)i& da(e, approima(ion i% o3 o E0CEP: w*en (*e da(e i% a ma(erial elemen( o) (*e o))en%e Li3e ele&(ion o))en%e%, in)an(i&ide o @Fn or ao( Kne 2#12 (*a(% o3 o @Fn or ao( 2#12 no( o3 Spe&i)i& da(e no( needed in rape &a%e% o Pla&e o) &ommi%%ion: need (o %*ow and aver (*a( i( wa% &ommi((ed wi(*in (*e (erri(orial 9d o) (*e &or( U (a3e no(e )or o))en%e% w*ere (*e pla&e i% ma(erial 4(re%pa%% (o dwelling, viola(ion o) o domi&ile, ele&(ion &a%e%, ar%on, e(&, 'o *ave (o allege wi(* par(i&lari(' U%al wa' o) alleging: @wi(*in (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) San Kan o Name o) (*e o))ended par(': aver i(, i) 3nownG i) no(, %e ni&3name%G i) %(ill no( 3nown, )i&(i(io% name o !) i( i% a &rime again%( proper(' and o))ended par(' no( 3nown, de%&rie (*e proper(' wi(* par(i&lari(' !) o))ended 3nown a)(erward%, &or( m%( in%er( (re name in (*e in)orma(ion !) &rime again%( a 9ridi&al per%on, %))i&ien( (o %(a(e i(% name$ o No need (o aver (*a( i( i% a 9ridi&al per%on or (*a( i( i% organi.e in a&&ordan&e wi(* law$
S'(- 13- D/<*(*) + )' +','- % A (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, /) (.;' +,< +,' +','! '(') ', )' < .'(.*' *,;<' /,*',) +. =.*+/ +','
Fnl' one o))en%e per in)orma(ion i% allowed$ E0CEP: o 7*en (*e law pre%&rie% a %ingle pni%*men( )or vario% o))en%e% 7*en (*ere are ml(iple o))en%e% and (*e a&&%ed )ail% (o o9e&(2# So don( e %rpri%ed i) (*ere are ml(iple allega(ion% in 9%( one &omplain(-a))idavi(, ( (*e pro%e&(or &ome% o( wi(* ml(iple in)orma(ion%
S'(- 14- A',',) +. /)*)/)*+,- % A (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, ' ','! *, +. +. *, /),('! *)+/) <'=' + (+/.) , ', *) (, ' +,' *)+/) (/*,; .':/*(' )+ )' .*;) + )' ((/'H+'='.! , ',',) '+.' <'! *( +,;.' )' ,)/.' + )' +',' (.;' *, +. '(
Amendmen( o) (*e in)orma(ion &an e done$ !( 9%( depend% w*en and w*a( i% &*anged$ Rememer (*a($ o e)ore plea: amendmen( &an e done w*e(*er in )orm or %%(an&e S%(an(ial amendmen( need% a new P!
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Rule 12, Sec. (. Iudgment for to or more offenses. – When to or more offenses are charged in a single complaint or information but the accused fails to object to it before trial, the court may convict him of as many offenses as are charged and proved, and impose on him the penalty for each offense, setting out separately the findings of fact and la in each offense.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
A)(er plea: S%(an&e: no amendmen( allowed 8orm: De%, a% long a% i( will no( pre9di&e (*e rig*( o) (*e a&&%ed e%(: i) (*e original de)en%e o) (*e a&&%ed will *ave (o e &*anged de (o (*e &*ange in (*e )ormal amendmen( Eample: rape &a%e, in)orma(ion %aid @1J ( i( wa% a ('po and %*oldve %aid @1I$ !( will pre9di&e (*e rig*(% o) (*e a&&%ed owngrading and E&l%ion owngrading: Le%%ening (*e o))en%e 4roer' (o (*e)(, mrder (o *omi&ide, %ed&(ion (o a&(% o) L Can 'o *ave *omi&ide (o )r%(ra(ed *omi&ide< o /R: NF$ E0CEP: .omie% E&l%ion: Removing )rom (*e in)orma(ion a per%on o(* o) (*e%e m%( e done: o e)ore plea Upon mo(ion o) (*e pro%e& 7i(* leave o) &or( 7i(* (*e &on%en( o) (*e o))ended par(' No(e: Sin&e e&l%ion *appen% E8FRE plea, no 9eopard' will a((a&*$ So (*e a&&%ed o e&lded &an %(ill e &*arged la(er$ Compare (*i% wi(* Rle 115, Se& 1I and (*e 7i(ne%% Pro(e&(ion Program$ Under (*i% rle, (*e %e o) (*e a&&%ed a% a %(a(e wi(ne%% i% eal (o a&i((al, %o dole 9eopard' de)en%e &an e invo3ed$ ( in (*e 7PP, i(% merel' e&l%ion %in&e done e)ore plea and wi(* (*e FK$ S%(i((ion o *e in)orma(ion will e %%(i((ed wi(* a new one (o e )iled i) (*e pro%e&(ion &anno( prove (*e o))en%e &*arged in (*e prior in)orma(ion 4@mi%(a3e *a% een made in &*arging (*e proper o))en%e Cor( will di%mi%% (*e original &omplain( or in)o pon )iling o) a new one PRF!E, a&&%ed wold no( e pla&ed in dole 9eopard'$ 7*en< an'(ime e)ore 9dgmen(, provided (*e a&&%ed will no( e p( in dole 9eopard' o *ere i% no %%(i((ion o) in)orma(ion w*en (*ere i% onl' a &*ange in (*e mode o) (*e o &ommi%%ion o) an o))en%e$ Hen&e, no need )or preliminar' inve%(iga(ion ei(*er$ 4Saldaga o v S, 2#1#, w*erein (*e o))en%e involved wa% RA ;#15, and (*e )ir%( in)o wa% )or (*e )ir%( mode w*i&* wa% di%mi%%ed$ A new in)o wa% )iled alleging (*e %e&ond mode and (*e SC %aid no %%(i((ion nor need )or new prelim inve%(iga(ion$ Cor( %aid no amendmen( ei(*er %in&e aro%e )rom %ame (ran%a&(ion ei(*er$ *e a&&%ed will NF e relea%ed i) (*ere i% good rea%on (o *old *im$ o *e old &a%e will no( e di%mi%%ed n(il a new in)orma(ion i% )iled$21 !mpor(an(: 7*en i% a new preliminar' inve%(iga(ion needed< S%(i((ion o) in)orma(ion o ( i) merel' mode, no need 4li3e in Saldaga o S%(an(ial amendmen( (o (*e in)orma(ion o Provi%ional di%mi%%al w*en (*e original wi(ne%%e% re&an(ed or *ave died or no longer availale and w*en new wi(ne%%e% appear 4People v La&%on F(*er per%on% are &*arged nder a new &omplain( )or (*e %ame o))en%e or &omplain( o Under a new &omplain(, (*e original &*arge *a% een pgraded o Under a new &omplain(, (*e &riminal liaili(' o) (*e a&&%ed i% pgraded )rom a&&e%%or' (o o prin&ipal o
S'(- 15- P<(' '.' ()*+, * )+ ' *,)*)/)'- % 21
Sec. 1-. When mista'e has been made in charging the proper offense. – When it becomes manifest at any time before judgment that a mista'e has been made in charging the proper offense and the accused cannot be convicted of the offense charged or any other offense necessarily included therein, the accused shall not be discharged if there appears good cause to detain him.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro ?@ S/:'() )+ '*)*,; <! )' (.**,< ()*+, << ' *,)*)/)' , ).*' *, )' (+/.) + )' /,*(*<*) +. )'..*)+. '.' )' +',' (+*))' +. '.' , + *) '',)*< *,;.'*',) +((/..'?@ W'.' , +',' * (+*))' *, ).*,! *.(.)! +. +)'. /<*( +. .*=)' ='*(<' *, )' (+/.' + *) ).*! )' (.**,< ()*+, << ' *,)*)/)' , ).*' *, )' (+/.) + , /,*(*<*) +. )'..*)+. '.' /( ).*,! *.(.)! +. +)'. ='*(<' ' /.*,; *) ).*! *,(
Read wi(* rle% on vene$
S'(- 16- I,)'.=',)*+, + )' +',' .) *, (.**,< ()*+,- % W'.' )' (*=*< ()*+, +. .'(+='. + (*=*< <**<*) * *,)*)/)' *, )' (.**,< ()*+, /./,) )+ R/<' 111! )' +',' .) *,)'.=',' (+/,'< *, )' .+'(/)*+, + )' +','RULE 111 & PROSECUTION OF CIVIL ACTION S'()*+, 1- I,)*)/)*+, + (.**,< , (*=*< ()*+,- % ?@ W', (.**,< ()*+, * *,)*)/)'! )' (*=*< ()*+, +. )' .'(+='. + (*=*< <**<*) .**,; .+ )' +',' (.;' << ' ''' *,)*)/)' *) )' (.**,< ()*+, /,<' )' +',' .) *=' )' (*=*< ()*+,! .''.=' )' .*;) )+ *,)*)/)' *) '.)'< +. *,)*)/)' )' (*=*< ()*+, .*+. )+ )' (.**,< ()*+,T' .''.=)*+, + )' .*;) )+ *,)*)/)' '.)'< )' (*=*< ()*+, << ' ' '+.' )' .+'(/)*+, ).) .'',)*,; *) '=*',(' , /,'. (*.(/),(' +.*,; )' +',' .) .'+,<' ++.)/,*) )+ ' /( .''.=)*+,W', )' +',' .) '' )+ ',+.(' (*=*< <**<*) ;*,) )' ((/' + +.
/R: Fn&e a &riminal a&(ion i% in%(i((ed, (*e &ivil a&(ion i% li3ewi%e in%(i((ed$ o E0CEP: Re%erva(ion No(e: No re%erva(ion (o )ile &ivil a&(ion %epara(el' in P 22 &a%e% ( i) &ivil &a%e )or P 22 i% in%(i((ed prior, (*a(% o3 U i( will e o %%pended n(il (*e &riminal &a%e i% )ini%*ed$ Con%olida(ion i%, *owever, en&oraged ' (*e rle%$ 4n iong v aloa, 2##J Re%erva(ion m%( e made AND !=E e)ore (*e pro%e&(ion &ommen&e% wi(* pre%en(a(ion o) eviden&e and nder &ir&m%(an&e% a))ording (*e o))ended a rea%onale oppor(ni(' (o ma3e %re re%erva(ion$ o So no( a %(ri&( rle$ !n%(i((ed prior (o (*e &riminal a&(ion
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Fp(ion (o &on%olida(e wi(* (*e &riminal a&(ion 4%ee Se& 2 7aiver o) &ivil a&(ion 7*en &ivil liaili(' i% %og*( (o e en)or&ed, )iling )ee% i% needed )or moral, nominal, (empera(e or eemplar' damage%$ o !) (*e amon( i% no( %pe&i)ied, (*e )ee% will e a lien on (*e 9dgmen($ NF )iling )ee% )or a&(al damage%$ 8or P 22 &a%e%, )iling )ee% i% needed on all 3ind% o) damage% 4in&lding a&(al damage%, (*e amon( o) (*e &*e&3 i% (*e a%i% )or (*e a&(al damage% !mpor(an(: NF &on(er&laim, &ro%%-&laim or ; rd par(' &omplain( allowed (o e )iled ' (*e a&&%ed$
S'(- 2- W', '.)' (*=*< ()*+, * /','- % A)'. )' (.**,< ()*+, '', (+',('! )' '.)' (*=*< ()*+, .**,; )'.'.+ (,,+) ' *,)*)/)' /,)*< *,< :/;',) '', ',)'.' *, )' (.**,< ()*+,I )' (.**,< ()*+, * *<' )'. )' * (*=*< ()*+, <.' '', *,)*)/)'! )' <))'. << ' /',' *, )'='. ))' *) ' +/, '+.' :/;',) +, )' '.*)- T' /',*+, << <) /,)*< *,< :/;',) * .','.' *, )' (.**,< ()*+,- N'='.)'<'! '+.' :/;',) +, )' '.*) .','.' *, )' (*=*< ()*+,! )' ' ! /+, +)*+, + )' +',' .)! ' (+,+<*)' *) )' (.**,< ()*+, *, )' (+/.) ).*,; )' (.**,< ()*+,- I, (' + (+,+<*)*+,! )' '=*',(' <.' /(' *, )' (*=*< ()*+, << ' ''' /)+)*(<< .'.+/(' *, )' (.**,< ()*+, *)+/) .':/*(' )+ )' .*;) + )' .+'(/)*+, )+ (.+&'*,' )' *),' .'',)' )' +',' .) *, )' (.**,< (' , + )' .)*' )+ .'',) *)*+,< '=*',('- T' (+,+<*)' (.**,< , (*=*< ()*+, << ' ).*' , '(*' :+*,)<D/.*,; )' ',',( + )' (.**,< ()*+,! )' ./,,*,; '.*+ + .'(.*)*+, + )' (*=*< ()*+, *( (,,+) ' *,)*)/)' '.)'< +. +' .+(''*,; '', /',' << ' )+<<'T' ')*,()*+, + )' ',< ()*+, +' ,+) (.. *) *) ')*,()*+, + )' (*=*< ()*+,- H+'='.! )' (*=*< ()*+, ' +, '<*() << ' ''' ')*,;/*' * )'.' * *,*,; *, *,< :/;',) *, )' (.**,< ()*+, )) )' () +. +**+, .+ *( )' (*=*< <**<*) .*' * ,+) '*)
Fn&e &rim a&(ion *a% een &ommen&ed, (*e %epara(e &ivil a&(ion &an NF e in%(i((ed n(il )inal 9dgmen( o) (*e &riminal a&(ion$ !) &rim a&(ion &ome% a)(er (*e &ivil a&(ion, (*e &ivil a&(ion will e %%pended and will &on(ine (o e %%pended n(il )inal 9dgmen( in (*e &riminal a&(ion$ U, (*ere i% an op(ion ) or &on%olida(ion$ How and w*en< o How< ' mo(ion o) (*e o))ended par('$ 7*en< e)ore 9dgmen( on (*e meri(% in (*e &ivil &a%e< 7*ere< !n (*e &or( (r'ing (*e &riminal a&(ion$ Fn wri( o) amparo &a%e% Can 'o &on%olida(e a 7ri( o) Amparo wi(* a &ivil &a%e% or an admin &a%e< o NF$ Can 'o &on%olida(e a 7ri( o) Amparo wi(* a &riminal &a%e< o DES$ !) (*e &ivil &a%e wa% in%(i((ed a*ead o) (*e &riminal &a%e, (*e &ivil &a%e i% in(errp(ed in w*a(ever %(age and (*e &riminal &a%e pro&eed% n(il 9dgmen($ ( (*ere i% an op(ion (o &on%olida(e$ Mind% o) a&i((al and e))e&( on &ivil liaili(': o a%ed on rea%onale do(: &ivil liaili(' lie% o id no( &ommi( (*e &rime: no more &ivil liaili(' a%ed on (*e deli&( 4( pwede nder a%i-deli&( Prel' &ivil: &ivil liaili(' lie% o A&(% )rom w*i&* (*e &ivil li aili(' ari%e% )rom were no( &ommi((ed: no &ivil liaili(' o
S'(- 3- W', (*=*< ()*+, .+('' *,'',',)<- % I, )' (' .+=*' *, A.)*(<' 32! 33! 34 , 2176 + )' C*=*< C+' + )' P*<**,'! )' *,'',',) (*=*< ()*+, ' .+/;) )' +',' .)- I) << .+('' *,'',',)< + )' (.**,< ()*+, , << .'B/*.' +,< .'+,'.,(' + '=*',('- I, ,+ ('! +'='.! )' +',' .) .'(+='. ;' )*(' +. )' ' () +. +**+, (.;' *, )' (.**,< ()*+,
!ndependen( &ivil a&(ion% are: ;2: viola(ion o) rig*(% o ;;: de)ama(ion, )rad, and P! o
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;>: )ailre (o aid ' poli&e )or&e22 o 21I6: a%i-deli&(% !ndependen( &ivil a&(ion% are NF: o S%pended even i) in%(i((ed e)ore (*e &riminal a&(ion, or o Re%erved Do do NF re%erve independen( &ivil a&(ion%$ *e' &an pro&eed %ide ' %ide wi(* (*e &riminal a&(ion%$ U o))ended &an NF re&over damage% 7!CE )or (*e %ame a&( or omi%%ion &*arged in o (*e &riminal a&(ion$ o
S'(- 4- E'() + ') +, (*=*< ()*+,- % T' ') + )' ((/' )'. ..*;,',) , /.*,; )' ',',( + )' (.**,< ()*+, << ')*,;/* )' (*=*< <**<*) .**,; .+ )' '<*()- H+'='.! )' *,'',',) (*=*< ()*+, *,)*)/)' /,'. '()*+, 3 + )* R/<' +. *( )'.')'. * *,)*)/)' )+ ',+.(' <**<*) .**,; .+ +)'. +/.(' + +<*;)*+, ' (+,)*,/' ;*,) )' '))' +. <';< .'.'',))*=' + )' ((/' )'. .+'. /)*)/)*+, +. ;*,) * '))'! )' (' '- T' '*. + )' ((/' ' /)*)/)' +. )' '('' *)+/) .'B/*.*,; )' +*,)',) + , ''(/)+. +. *,*).)+. , )' (+/.) +*,) ;/.*, <*)' +. )' *,+. '*.T' (+/.) << +.)*) +.'. * <';< .'.'',))*=' +. .'.'',))*=' )+ '. , ' /)*)/)' *)*, '.*+ + )*.) ?30@ .+ ,+)*('A *,< :/;',) ',)'.' *, =+. + )' +',' .) << ' ',+.(' *, )' ,,'. ''(*<< .+=*' *, )'' ./<' +. .+'(/)*,; (<* ;*,) )' '))' + )' '(''-(, .+<' =*.)/< < <*.. I )' ((/' *' '+.' ..*;,',)! )' (' << ' **' *)+/) .':/*(' )+ , (*=*< ()*+, )' +',' .) *<' ;*,) )' '))' + )' '(''
Rle% on (*e dea(* o) (*e a&&%ed: ie% a)(er arraignmen( and dring (*e penden&' o) (*e &riminal a&(ion: o Criminal liaili(' e(ingi%*ed 4pa(a' na e*$ Civil liaili(' ari%ing )rom (*e deli&( i% e(ingi%*ed !ndependen( &ivil a&(ion &on(ine% again%( (*e e%(a(e or legal rep o) (*e a&&%ed ie% e)ore arraignmen(: o Ca%e %*all e di%mi%%ed wi(*o( pre9di&e (o an' &ivil a&(ion (*e o))ended ma' )ile again%( (*e e%(a(e o) (*e de&ea%ed
S'(- 5- J/;',) *, (*=*< ()*+, ,+) .- % A *,< :/;',) .','.' *, (*=*< ()*+, +<=*,; )' '',,) .+ (*=*< <**<*) * ,+) . )+ (.**,< ()*+, ;*,) )' '',,) +. )' ' () +. +**+, /:'() + )' (*=*< ()*+,
22
/rt. (2. /ny public officer or employee, or any private individual, ho directly or indirectly obstructs, defeats, violates or in any manner impedes or impairs any of the folloing rights and liberties of another person shall be liable to the latter for damages! "1# Freedom of religion% "2# Freedom of speech% "(# Freedom to rite for the press or to maintain a periodical publication% ")# Freedom from arbitrary or illegal detention% "*# Freedom of suffrage% "+# 0he right against deprivation of property ithout due process of la% "7# 0he right to a just compensation hen private property is ta'en for public use% "# 0he right to the e;ual protection of the las% "-# 0he right to be secure in oneKs person, house, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and sei&ures% "1# 0he liberty of abode and of changing the same% "11# 0he privacy of communication and correspondence% "12# 0he right to become a member of associations or societies for purposes not contrary to la% "1(# 0he right to ta'e part in a peaceable assembly to petition the government for redress of grievances% "1)# 0he right to be free from involuntary servitude in any form% "1*# 0he right of the accused against ecessive bail% "1+# 0he right of the accused to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy and public trial, to meet the itnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of itness in his behalf% "17# Freedom from being compelled to be a itness against oneKs self, or from being forced to confess guilt, or from being induced by a promise of immunity or reard to ma 'e such confession, ecept hen the person confessing becomes a State itness% "1# Freedom from ecessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishment, unless the same is imposed or inflicted in accordance ith a statute hich has not been judicially declared unconstitutional% and "1-# Freedom of access to the courts.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 6- S/',*+, .'+, + .':/*(*< B/')*+,- % A ')*)*+, +. /',*+, + )' (.**,< ()*+, ' /+, )' ',',( + .':/*(*< B/')*+, *, (*=*< ()*+, ' *<' *, )' +*(' + )' .+'(/)+. +. )' (+/.) (+,/()*,; )' .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,- W', )' (.**,< ()*+, '', *<' *, (+/.) +. ).* ?@ )' .'=*+/< *,)*)/)' (*=*< ()*+, *,=+<=' , */' **<. +. *,)*)'< .'<)' )+ )' */' .*' *, )' /'B/',) (.**,< ()*+,! , ?@ )' .'+
7*a( are (*e elemen(% o) a pre9di&ial e%(ion< Previo%l' in%(i((ed &ivil a&(ion o Civil a&(ion involve% an i%%e %imilar or in(ima(el' rela(ed (o (*e i%%e rai%ed in (*e o %%een( &riminal a&(ion Re%ol(ion o) %&* i%%e de(ermine% w*e(*er or no( (*e &rim a&(ion ma' e pro&eed o 7*a( &an a pre9di&ial e%(ion do< !( &an %%pend (*e &riminal a&(ion$ o How and w*ere do 'o )ile< 8iling a mo(ion: o in (*e FP or (*e &or( &ond&(ing (*e P!$ o !) alread' in &or(, in (*e &or( a( an' (ime e)ore (*e pro%e&(ion re%(%$ NFE: =%( e a &ivil a&(ionB No pre9di&ial e%(ion i) o(*er &a%e i% an admin &a%e or a &riminal &a%e Eample: P 22 &a%e ( a&&%ed e%(ion% in a &ivil &a%e (*e impo%i(ion o) %rio% in(ere%( NF o a pre9di&ial e%(ion 4Ko%e v Sare., 2#1#
RULE 112 & PRELIMINARY INVESTIATION S'()*+, 1- P.'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, '*,' ', .'B/*.'- % P.'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, * , *,B/*. +. .+(''*,; )+ ')'.*,' ')'. )'.' * /*(*',) ;.+/, )+ ',;','. '<<&+/,' '<*' )) (.*' '', (+*))' , )' .'+,',) * .+< ;/*<) )'.'+! , +/< ' '< +. ).*
7*a( i% preliminar' inve%(iga(ion< !nir' or pro&eeding (o de(ermine w*e(*er (*ere i% grond (o )orm a elie) (*a( a &rime o *a% een &ommi((ed and (*e re%ponden( i% proal' gil(', and %*old e *eld )or (rial o a%i&all', (*e pro%e&(or de(ermine% i) (*ere i% proale &a%e Reired )or an o))en%e w*ere (*e penal(' i% a( lea%( > 'ear%, 2 mon(*% and 1 da' 7!HFU regard (o (*e )ine A% &ompared (o an ine%(: ine%( i% done w*en (*ere wa% a valid warran(le%% arre%( e(ermine% w*e(*er per%on arre%(ed wi(*o( warran( %*old e de(ained or relea%ed )or o )r(*er P! Rememer: in P!, %e @re%ponden(, no( @a&&%ed$ *e &a%e onl' e&ome% a &riminal one on&e (*e in)orma(ion i% )iled$ o
S'(- 2- O*('. /)+.*' )+ (+,/() .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,- % T' +<<+*,; (+,/() .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,> ?@ P.+=*,(*< +. C*) P.+'(/)+. , )'*. *),) ?@ N)*+,< , R';*+,< S))' P.+'(/)+. , ?(@ O)'. +*('. ' /)+.*' <T'*. /)+.*) )+ (+,/() .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, << *,(
7*o &an &ond&( P!< Ci(' pro%e&(or% and (*eir a%%i%(an(% o Provin&ial pro%e&(or% and (*eir a%%i%(an(% o Na(ional and regional %(a(e pro%e&(or% o
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
F=, and (*e SP 4i) a(*ori.ed ' (*e F= o *e N! &an NF &ond&( a P!$
S'(- 3- P.+('/.'-% T' .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, << ' (+,/()' *, )' +<<+*,; ,,'.> ?@ T' (+<*,) << ))' )' .' + )' .'+,',) , << ' ((+,*' )' *=*) + )' (+<*,,) , * *),''! '<< +)'. /+.)*,; +(/',) )+ ')<* .+<' (/'- T' << ' *, /( ,/'. + (+*' )'.' .' .'+,',)!
/R: *e &omplain(-a))idavi( m%( e %%&ried (o e)ore (*e pro%e&(or or governmen( o))i&ial w*ere (*e &a%e will e )iled$ Hen&e, do NF )ile a no(ari.ed a))idavi($ Do *ave (o ring 'or &lien( (o (*e pro%e&(or% o o))i&e$ E0CEP!FN: 7*en (*ere i% no pro%e&(or or governmen( o))i&ial availale Spe&ial &a%e o) Sa%o( v People, w*ere (*e &omplainan( wa% aroad o Rememer: (*e 9ri%di&(ion o) pro%e&(or% are a%ed on (erri(or'$ So a pro%e&(or in Caga'an de Fro &an no( ma3e an in)orma(ion and (*en )orward i( (o =anila$ U%e Rle 11I, Se& ; 4d (o a%* i($ 8or pli& &rime%, (*e &omplain( &an e ini(ia(ed ' an' &ompe(en( per%on wi(* per%onal 3nowledge o) (*e a&(% &ommi((ed ' (*e o))ender$ !( need no( e )iled ' (*e o))ended par('$ 4&ompare (o priva(e &rime% @An' &ompe(en( per%on in&lde% wi(ne%%e% 4Soriano v People, 2#1#, w*ere (*e wi(ne%%e% o ee&(ed a))idavi(% )or a &a%e o) e%(a)a 7*en a le((er or N!-NCR repor( i% (ran%mi((ed, along wi(* affidavits of witnesses a% a((a&*men(%, (*e reiremen(% )or ini(ia(ion o) P! i% %%(an(iall' &omplied wi(*, %in&e (*e a))idavi(% are w*a( ini(ia(e (*e P!, no( (*e le((er%$ 4Soriano v People, w*ere (*e a))idavi(% were no(ari.ed and (*i% wa% %%(an(ial &omplian&e *e a%en&e o) oa(* in (*e &omplain( doe% NF ne&e%%aril' render i( invalid$ 7an( o) oa(* i% a mere de)e&( o) )orm, w*i&* doe% no( a))e&( (*e %%(an(ial rig*(% o) (*e o de)endan( on (*e meri(%$ 4Sa%o( v People, w*ere (*e &omplain(-a))idavi( wa% no(ari.ed in (*e US$ *e &op' on re&ord wa% a mere p*o(o&op' ( wa% %(ill allowed e&a%e (*e &on%el %aid (*a( (*e' wold pre%en( (*e original i n &or(
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
8or &a%e% w*i&* do NF need P!, onl' %e&(ion ;4a i% needed %in&e (*e pro%e&(or doe% no( need (*e &on(er-a))idavi( )rom (*e re%ponden($ Pro&edre )or P!: o A)(er re&eiving (*e a))idavi(-&omplain(, (*e pro%e&(or *a% 1# da'% (o de(ermine i) (*ere i% proale &a%e He &an di%mi%% i( o(rig*( !(% a&(all' ra))led and a%%igned (o (*e a%%i%(an( pro%e&(or *e a%%i%(an( pro%e&(or will i%%e a %poena (o (*e re%ponden( o *e re%ponden( *a% 1# da'% (o %mi( a &on(er-a))idavi( o !) none given, (*e inve%(iga(ing o))i&er &an re%olve a%ed on (*e &omplain( !n pra&(i&e, (*ere &an al%o e a repl' or re9oinder )rom (*e &omplainan( Fp(ional &lari)i&a(or' *earing o 7i(*in 1# da'% )rom %mi%%ion o) (*e &on(er-a))idavi(%, or )rom (*e epira(ion o) (*e period )or %mi%%ion Re%ol(ion o U%all' prepared ' (*e a%%i%(an( pro%e&(or, and (*en approved ' (*e &i(' pro%e&(or 4%ee ne( %e&(ion Can 'o )ile an =R wi(* (*e pro%e&(or< o De%B *e rle in /amiscal 4)iling o) an =R (o rever%e (*e re%ol(ion will no( ar (*e )iling o) (*e in)orma(ion will al%o appl' (o lo&al &or(%$ A((' ranil: 0aat tutu+an mo tala1a yun1 case. No(e: (*ere i% no need )or (*e %ervi&e o) %poena 4and re&eip( (*ereo) )or (*e FP (o o(ain 9d over (*e re%ponden($ *ere% no &a%e again%( *im 'e(, 9%( an inve%(iga(ion$ o Even i) *e doe%n( %mi( a &on(er-a))idavi(, (*ere &an %(ill e a re%ol(ion again%( *im$ o Preliminar' inve%(iga(ion i% no( (*e o&&a%ion )or )ll and e*a%(ive di%pla' o) eviden&e$ Hen&e, (*e admi%%iili(' o) a )a me%%age &an NF e de(ermined dring a P!$ !( i% e((er o ven(ila(ed in a )ll-lown (rial$ 4Lee v MC an3, 2#11
S'(- 4- R'+
*e re%ol(ion made ' (*e inve%(iga(ing o))i&er %*all e )orwarded 4along wi(* (*e re&ord% (o (*e &i(' 4or provin&ial or &*ie) %(a(e pro%e&(or or F=$ No &omplain( or in)orma(ion ma' e )iled or di%mi%%ed ' (*e inve%(iga(ing o))i&er wi(*o( o (*e prior wri((en a(*ori(' or approval o) (*e &i(' pro%e&(or 4or provin&ial or &*ie) %(a(e$
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!) (*e re%ol(ion o) (*e inve%(iga(ing pro%e&(or i% )or di%mi%%al ( i% di%approved ' *i% o%%, (*e o%% &an ei(*er: 8ile (*e in)orma(ion *im%el), or ire&( ano(*er pro%e&(or (o do i( 7!HFU need o) a new P! Ei(*er par(' &an pe(i(ion (o (*e Se&re(ar' o) K%(i&e 4or *e &an do i( mo( propio and rever%emodi)' (*e re%ol(ion o) (*e provin&ial, &i(' or &*ie) %(a(e pro%e& *e FK Se& &an dire&( (*e pro%e& (o o 8ile (*e &orre%ponding in)o wi(*o( need o) ano(*er P!, or i%mi%% (*e in)orma(ion How do 'o appeal (*e re%ol(ion< 2; o 7i(*in 1? da'%, )ile wi(* (*e F))i&e o) (*e Se&re(ar' o) K%(i&e a ER!8!E Pe(i(ion )or Review$ 2> *e period &an NF e e(ended$ !) (*e FK e&i%ion i% adver%e: U%e Rle >; (o (*e CA Fr F))i&e o) (*e Pre%iden( i) pni%*ale ' RP or *ig*er ( i) a%ed on /AALEK, Rle 6? (o (*e CA Compare: i) /AALEK o) F=, 'o go %(raig*( (o SC o *e FK &an onl' review re%ol(ion% o) o))en%e% reiring a P! or (*o%e w*i&* *ave gone o (*rog* reinve%(iga(ion$2? !) no P!, (*en FK &an NF review$ Reinve%(iga(ion: applie% w*en: *ere wa% alread' a P!, or *ere wa% %ppo%ed (o e a P! ( i( wa% no( done, o 8iled wi(* (*e Ci('Prov Pro%e& or (*e &or( i(%el) 4i) wi(* &or(, wi(* mo(ion (o li)( warran( !n Commni(' Rral an3 v alavera, (*e SC did no( allow (*e (rial &or( 9dge (o allow (*e reinve%(iga(ion e&a%e (*e FK Se&re(ar' *ad alread' rled on (*e ma((er e)ore*and$ Allowing (*e (rial &or( 9dge (o order (*e pro%e&(or (o reinve%(iga(e will, in e))e&(, ma3e (*e lowl' pro%e&(or review (*e de&i%ion o) (*e FK Se&re(ar'$ *a( &an( e allowed$ So, %all', i) (*e FK Se& alread' rle% on (*e ma((er, 'o &an( a%3 (*e 9dge )or a reinve%(iga(ion an'more$ 2ma+yat na sa 034 Sec eh. o 7*a( i% (*e e))e&( o) (*e appeal (o (*e FK< !( will NF *old (*e )iling o) in)orma(ion, nle%% (*e FK Se&re(ar' %a'% o(*erwi%e$ Al(*og* A(('$ ranil %aid i( will %all' de)er (*e pro&eeding%$ ( (*e appellan( and (*e pro%e&(or will %ee (o i( (*a( (*e pro&eeding% are *eld in ae'an&e$26 !) in)orma(ion *a% alread' een )iled, (*e appeal (o (*e FK will de)er arraignmen( )or 6# da'%$ 2I o
2(
See C6I 9ircular 5o. 7 "2# SD90<65 2. Where to appeal. /n appeal may be brought to the Secretary of Iustice ithin the period and in the manner herein provided. SD90<65 (. $eriod to appeal. 0he appeal shall be ta'en ithin fifteen "1*# days from receipt of the resolution, or of the denial of the motion for reconsideration?reinvestigation if one has been filed ithin fifteen "1*# days from receipt of the assailed resolution. 6nly one motion for reconsideration shall be alloed. SD90<65 ). Bo appeal ta'en. /n aggrieved party may appeal by filing a verified petition for revie ith the 6ffice of the Secretary, Cepartment of Iustice, and by furnishing copies thereof to the adverse party and the $rosecution 6ffice issuing the appealed resolution. 2* SD90<65 1. Scope. : 0his Rule shall apply to appeals from resolutions of the 9hief State $rosecutor, Regional State $rosecutors and $rovincial?9ity $rosecutors in cases subject of preliminary investigation? reinvestigation. 2+ SD90<65 -. Dffect of the appeal. @nless the Secretary of Iustice directs otherise, the appeal shall not hold the filing of the corresponding information in court on the basis of the finding of probable cause in the appealed resolution. 27 Rule 11+ l Sec. 11. #uspension of arraignment . – @pon motion by the proper party, the arraignment shall be suspended in the folloing cases! "c# / petition for revie of the resolution of the prosecutor is pending at either the Cepartment of Iustice, or the 6ffice of t he $resident% provided , that the period of suspension shall not eceed sity "+# days counted from the filing of the petition ith the revieing office. 2)
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*a( i) (*e in)orma(ion wa% alread' )iled in &or(< A &op' o) (*e mo(ion (o de)er pro&eeding% m%( a&&ompan' (*e pe(i(ion$ 2J o 7*a( i) (*e a&&%ed wa% arraigned after (*e )iling o) (*e pe(i(ion wi(* FK< !( will no( preven( (*e FK )rom a&(ing on (*e appeal$ 4Serag v CA, >I; SCRA ?5#, w*ere (*e SC %aid (*ere wa% nde *a%(e on (*e RC w*en i( arraigned (*e a&&%ed 3nowing (*a( (*ere wa% %(ill an appeal and pending =R o) (*e FK de&i%ion$ !( %*old *ave wai(ed )or (*e )inal re%ol(ion o) (*e FK e)ore doing %o$ !n(ere%(ing e&a%e (*e a&&%ed were arraigned )or *omi&ide, ( (*e SC di%allowed (*e arraignmen( e&a%e (*e )inal FK re%ol(ion %(a(ed i( %*old *ave een mrder$ NF dole 9eopard'B However, Sir %aid (*a( in pra&(i&e ( i) (*e arraignmen( *appened before (*e appeal (o (*e FK, (*e pe(i(ion will no( e given de &or%e$25 4Ada%a v Aalo%, 2##I Commen(% o) (*e ranili.er: !n pra&(i&e, (*e &or( &an( wai( )orever )or (*e FK (o a&( on (*e pe(i(ion )or review$ And w*a(ever )inding% (*e FK *a%, i(% merel' re&ommenda(or' a% (*e &or( alread' *a% 9ri%di&(ion over (*e &a%e$ !) (*e a&&%ed *ad alread' een arraigned, (*en (*e pe(i(ion )or review will reall' e %ele%%$ Can 'o )ile an =R (o (*e de&i%ion o) (*e FK< o De%, period i% 1# da'%$ *i% i% w*a( wa% )iled in Serag v CA$ oe% (*e po%(ing o) ail ar (*e a&&%ed )rom e%(ioning (*e &ond&( 4or a%en&e o) P! or (*e legali(' o) (*e arre%(< No, i( doe% no($ A&&%ed &an %(ill e%(ion$ 4F3ae v /(ierre., 2##> w*ere (*e arre%( and o (*e &ond&( o) (*e P! were o(* e%(ioned o
S'(- 5- W', ..,) + ..') */'- % ?@ " )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)- % W*)*, )', ?10@ .+ )' *<*,; + )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,! )' :/;' << '.+,<< '=
*ere i% ee&(ive de(ermina(ion and 9di&ial de(ermina(ion o) proale &a%e Ee&(ive ' (*e pro%e&(or, )or in)orma(ion o
2
SD90<65 *. 9ontents of petition. : 0he petition shall contain or state! "a# the names and addresses of the parties% "b# the
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro ' (*e 9dge, )or (*e warran( o) arre%( Kdge %*old no( rel' %olel' on pro%e&(or% re%ol(ion$ *e pro%e&(or m%( )orward (*e do&men(% (o (*e 9dge$ 4F3ae v /(ierre. Fn&e (*e in)orma(ion i% )iled in &or(, (*e RC 9dge *a% (*ree op(ion%: i%mi%% (*e &a%e )or a%en&e o) proale &a%e o *e 9dge &an a&(all' do (*i% motu roio, ( *e won( e&a%e *ell loo3 %%pi&io%$ So, (*e re%ponden( *a% (o )ile a mo(ion )or de(ermina(ion o) proale &a%e in order (o di%mi%% (*e in)orma(ion$ He will allege la&3 o) proale &a%e$;# o !%%e a warran( o) arre%( 4or a &ommi(men( order, a)(er per%onall' de(ermining (*e ei%(en&e o) proale &a%e, wi(*in 1# da'% ranili.er: a(oma(i& 'an, a%(a 1# da'%, mag-i%%e 'an$ Call )or a *earing (o de(ermine proale &a%e o 7*a( ao( (*e =C 9dge< !( depend%$ o No( e&eeding 6 'ear% ( more (*an > 'ear%, 2 mon(*%, 1 da';1: 9%( li3e (*e RC elow > 'ear%, 2 mon(*%, 1 da' ( more (*an 6 mon(*% ;2: %ame, ( (*e i%%an&e o) (*e warran( i% p (o (*e di%&re(ion o) (*e &or($ !) (*e &or( (*in3% (*a( i(% no( (oo grave, i( &an 9%( i%%e %mmon%$ o !=PFRAN: *i% i% (*e onl' &riminal pro&edre provi%ion w*i&* re&ogni.e% (*e i%%an&e o) a %mmon%$ No( more (*an 6 mon(*% 4%mmar' pro&edre: &or( &an NF i%%e a warran( o) arre%($ !n%(ead, i( will reire a &on(er-a))idavi($ *e &or( &an onl' i%%e a warran( o) arre%( )or )ailre (o appear in &or( de%pi(e repea(ed no(i&e Prime eample: P 22 7*en do 'o )ile a mo(ion )or de(ermina(ion o) proale &a%e< A)(er (*e )iling o) (*e in)o, e)ore (*e 9dge *a% a&(ed on i($ o Can NF e )iled a) (er i%%an&e o) a warran( o) arre%($ 7*en i% a warran( o) arre%( no( ne&e%%ar'< o A&&%ed alread' nder de(en(ion o Complain( or in)o wa% )iled nder Se& 6 4law)l warran(le%% arre%( o F))en%e penali.ed onl' ' a )ine o
Kdi&ial
S'(- 6- W', ((/' </<< ..')' *)+/) ..,)- % W', '.+, * </<< ..')' *)+/) ..,) *,=+<=*,; , +',' *( .'B/*.' .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,! )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, ' *<' .+'(/)+. *)+/) ,'' + /( *,=')*;)*+, .+=*' , *,B/') '', (+,/()' *, ((+.,(' *) '*)*,; ./<'- I, )' ',(' +. /,=*<*<*) + , *,B/') .+'(/)+.! )' (+<*,) ' *<' )' +',' .) +. '(' +*('. *.'()< *) )' .+'. (+/.) +, )' * + )' *=*) + )' +',' .) +. ..')*,; +*('. +. '.+,"'+.' )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, * *<'! )' '.+, ..')' +. .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, *, ((+.,(' *) )* R/<'! /) ' /) *;, *='. + )' .+=**+, + A.)*(<' 125 + )' R'=*' P',< C+'! ','! *, )' .'',(' + * (+/,'<- N+)*)),*,; )' *='.! ' < +. *< , )' *,=')*;)*+, /) ' )'.*,)' *)*, *)'', ?15@ .+ *) *,(')*+,A)'. )' *<*,; + )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, *, (+/.) *)+/) .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+,! )' ((/' ! *)*, *=' ?5@ .+ )' )*' ' <'., + *) *<*,;! +. .'<**,. *,=')*;)*+, *) )' ' .*;) )+ /(' '=*',(' *, * '',' .+=*' *, )* R/<'
!ne%( will onl' appl' i): o 7arran(le%% arre%( o F))en%e reire% a P!$ 7*en a per%on i% law)ll' arre%(ed wi(*o( warran(, w*a( i% (*e pro&e%%< o He% rog*( )ir%( (o (*e poli&e %(a(ion$ A((' ranil %a'% (*ere are > op(ion%: o !ne%($ Sa ayaw mo or sa 1usto mo, ma)iinquest +a.
(
9an you file a 3otion to Luash instead8 /tty 0ran;uil! 5o, as a practical matter, you file a 30L after the arrest and before arraignment.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
The other otions can be availed of if the cos brin1 your client to the olice station at ni1ht and there aren’t any inquest rosecutors to hel you. !ne%( o))i&er will ei(*er order 'o (o e de(ained or relea%ed )or )r(*er preliminar' inve%(iga(ion$ !) relea%ed )or )r(*er P!, reglar pro&edre )or P! will e done$ o Do &an )ile )or ail dring ine%($ Appl' )or ail Do &an even appl' )or ail wi(* (*e ee&(ive 9dge$ 5ero s+ill na yan. !) de(ained and e)ore (*e &omplain( or in)o i% )iled, 'o &an go )or P!, ( 'o *ave (o waive Rle 12?$ Even wi(* (*e waiver, 'o &an %(ill appl' )or ail$ !) (*e in)o *a% alread' een )iled wi(*o( (*e P! 4li3e w*en (*e &omplain( i% )iled ' (*e o))ended par(' or (*e poli&e dire&(l' wi(* (*e proper &or(, 'o &an %(ill a%3 )or P!$ 7*a( i) arre%(ed )or an o))en%e and &*arged, and (*en e%&ape%, and (*en arre%(ed wi(*o( warran(< !ne%( m%( e &ond&(ed$ o So, w*a( *appen% i) warran(le%% arre%( ( (*e o))en%e doe% no( need P! 4li3e vagran&'< !n)o will e dire&(l' )iled wi(* (*e pro%e&(or FR (*e =C$ 4Rememer Se&(ion ;a, in o rela(ion (o Se& J ( ail &an e applied )or %in&e alread' arre%(ed$
S'(- 7- R'(+.- % ?@ R'(+. /+.)*,; )' *,+.)*+, +. (+<*,)- % A, *,+.)*+, +. (+<*,) *<' *, (+/.) << ' /+.)' )' *=*) , (+/,)'.&*=*) + )' .)*' , )'*. *),''! )+;')'. *) )' +)'. /+.)*,; '=*',(' , )' .'+
Sa' 'o were %ed )or %lig*( p*'%i&al in9rie% in == and i( wa% no( in )lagran(e deli&(o, ( on (*e a%i% o) a))idavi( &omplain($ 7*a( *appen%< o No need )or P!$ !) (*e &omplain( wa% )iled wi(* (*e pro%e&, ;4a will e )ollowed$ Pro%e&(or will de(ermine proale &a%e and (*en )ile (*e in)o in &or($ !) (*e &omplain( or in)o wa% )iled wi(* (*e =C or =CC, ; 4a will e )ollowed$ Kdge will de(ermine proale &a%e and i(% in *i% di%&re(ion (o i%%e ei(*er a warran( o) arre%( or mere %mmon%$
RULE 113 & ARREST
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'()*+, 1- D'*,*)*+, + ..')- % A..') * )' )*,; + '.+, *,)+ (/)+ *, +.'. )) ' ' +/, )+ ,'. +. )' (+**+, + , +','S'(- 2- A..') + '- % A, ..') * ' , ()/< .').*,) + '.+, )+ ' ..')'! +. * /**+, )+ )' (/)+ + )' '.+, *,; )' ..')N+ =*+<',(' +. /,,'('. +.(' << ' /' *, *,; , ..')- T' '.+, ..')' << ,+) ' /:'() )+ ;.')'. .').*,) ), * ,'('. +. * ')',)*+,
How i% an arre%( made< A&(al re%(rain(, or o oln(ar' %mi%%ion (o (*e &%(od' o) (*e per%on ma3ing (*e arre%( o
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7*a(ever (*e 3ind o) arre%( 4warran(le%% or no(, i( i% (*e d(' o) (*e arre%(ing o))i&er (o immedia(el' deliver *im (o (*e neare%( poli&e %(a(ion$ 7*en &an 'o ma3e an arre%(< An' da', a( an' (ime o) (*e da' or nig*($ o
S'(- 4- E'(/)*+, + ..,)- % T' ' + )' +*(' )+ + )' ..,) + ..') '<*='.' +. ''(/)*+, << (/' )' ..,) )+ ' ''(/)' *)*, )', ?10@ .+ *) .'('*)- W*)*, )', ?10@ )'. )' '*.)*+, + )' '.*+! )' +*('. )+ + *) *;,' +. ''(/)*+, << ' .'+.) )+ )' :/;' + */' )' ..,)- I, (' + * *
Period (o ee&(e warran(: 1# da'% How doe% an arre%( wi(* a warran( (a3e pla&e< o F))i&er in)orm% (*e per%on (o e arre%(ed (*e &a%e o) (*e arre%( and (*a( a warran( *a% een i%%ed )or *i% arre%( E0CEP: w*en (*e per%on )lee% or )or&il' re%i%(%, or w*en (*e giving o) %&* in)o will imperil (*e arre%( oe% (*e arre%(ing o))i&er need (o *ave (*e warran( on *im< No$ ( i) (*e per%on arre%(ed wan(% (o %ee i(, i( m%( e %*own (o *im a% %oon a% o pra&(i&ale$ e war' o) )a3e warran(%B
S'(- 5- A..') *)+/) ..,) ', </<- % A '(' +*('. +. .*=)' '.+, ! *)+/) ..,)! ..') '.+,> ?@ W',! *, * .'',('! )' '.+, )+ ' ..')' (+*))'! * ()/<< (+*))*,;! +. * ))')*,; )+ (+*) , +',' ?@ W', , +',' :/) '', (+*))' , ' .+<' (/' )+ '<*'=' ' +, '.+,< ,+<';' + () +. (*.(/),(' )) )' '.+, )+ ' ..')' (+*))' *) , ?(@ W', )' '.+, )+ ' ..')' * .*+,'. + '(' .+ ',< ')<*',) +. <(' '.' ' * '.=*,; *,< :/;',) +. * )'+..*< (+,*,' *<' * (' * ',*,;! +. '(' *<' '*,; ).,'..' .+ +,' (+,*,'',) )+ ,+)'.I, (' <<*,; /,'. .;. ?@ , ?@ +='! )' '.+, ..')' *)+/) ..,) << ' +.)*) '<*='.' )+ )' ,'.') +<*(' ))*+, +. :*< , << ' .+(''' ;*,) *, ((+.,(' *) '()*+, 7 + R/<' 112S'(- 13- A..') )'. '(' +. .'(/'- % I '.+, </<< ..')' '(' +. * .'(/'! , '.+, *'*)'< /./' +. .')' * *)+/) ..,) ) , )*' , *, , <(' *)*, )' P*<**,'
7*en &an 'o arre%( wi(*o( a warran(<
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
!n )lagran(e deli&(o, in (*e pre%en&e o) (*e pea&e o))i&er or priva(e per%on F))en%e *a% KUS een &ommi((ed, and (*e pea&e o))i&er or priva(e per%on *a% PRFALE CAUSE (o elieve a%ed on PERSFNAL MNF7LE/E (*a( (*e per%on (o e arre%(ed *a% &ommi((ed i( Per%on 9%( e%&aped )rom &on)inemen( 4&onvi&(ed or de(ained or *a% e%&aped w*ile eing o (ran%)erred !) a per%on law)ll' arre%(ed e%&ape% or i% re%&ed, AND per%on ma' immedia(el' pr%e o *im or re(a3e *im 7!HFU a warran( 4Se& 1; o Al%o arre%( ' 9di&ial ond%men, or w*en (*e a&&%ed 4on ail a((emp(% (o depar( )rom (*e &on(r' 4See Rle 11>, Se& 2; ;; Re: in )lagran(e deli&(o wo rei%i(e%: o Ee&(ion o) an FER a&( indi&a(ing (*a( *e 9%( &ommi((ed, i% a&(all' &ommi((ing, or i% a((emp(ing (o &ommi( a &rime, and S&* over( a&( i% done in (*e pre%en&e or wi(*in (*e view o) (*e arre%(ing o))i&er o A '-%( opera(ion i% a good eample o) an warran(le%% arre%( in )lagran(e deli&(o$ 4People v e Leon, 2#1#, w*erein (*e a&&%ed wa% &ag*( %elling %*a (o a poli&e opera(ive, no(e (*i% &a%e )or %ear&*e% and %ei.re Poli&e o))i&er% arre%(ed a man wi(*o( a warran( a%ed on a (ip o) *i% )ormer emplo'ee% o (*a( *e %old drg%$ *e man wa% arre%(ed w*ile *e wa% wal3ing (o *i% &ar$ NF valid$ He wa% no( &ommi((ing an' vi%ile o))en%e w*en *e wa% wal3ing (o *i% &ar$ 4People v Lagio, 2##I o aranga' (anod% arre%(ed wi(*o( a warran( a man w*o 9%( go( down )rom a % and wa% loo3ing arond$ *e' &*a%ed *im and *e )led$ *e' &ag*( p (o *im and )ond mari9ana in *i% ag$ alid %ear&* and arre%( < NF valid$ A&( o) loo3ing arond a)(er ge((ing o)) (*e % wa% no( an over a&( indi&a(ing (*a( *e &ommi((ed, a&(all' &ommi((ed a &rime$ 8lig*( per %e i% no( %'non'mo% wi(* gil($ 4alde. v People, 2##I Re: o))en%e &ust een &ommi((ed, proale &a%e wi(* per%onal 3nowledge o) (*e arre%(ing o))i&er% *e one w*o ma3e% (*e arre%( m%( do %o a%ed on proale &a%e and per%onal o 3nowledge (*a( an o))en%e *a% &ust een &ommi((ed 8or eample, (wo o))i&er% were ea(ing in a &arinderia, and (*e' %ddenl' *ear a &ommo(ion )rom down (*e road$ *e' loo3 o( and %ee a man wi(* a lood' olo rnning down (*e %(ree($ *e' &an arre%( *im$ eing arre%(ed 6 da'% a)(er (*e &ommi%%ion o) (*e &rime i% no( a valid warran(le%% arre%($ o 4Roli(o /o v CA, 1552 A)(er (*e warran(le%% arre%(, *e m%( immedia(el' e delivered (o (*e neare%( poli&e %(a(ion or 9ail !) (*e o))en%e reire% a P!, *e will ndergo ine%( 4%o *e will e rog*( (o (*e o Pro%e&(or% o))i&e !) (*e ine%( pro%e&(or relea%e% (*e arre%(ed, (*e &a%e i% NF di%mi%%ed$ *i% 9%( mean% (*e a))idavi(-&omplain( o) (*e arre%(ing o))i&er will e %ed a% a &omplain( )or (*e normal P! pro&edre$ !) (*e ine%( pro%e&(or de(ain% (*e arre%(ed, (*e arre%(ed-a&&%ed &an ei(*er appl' )or P! or no($ !) *e applie% )or P!, *e need% (o %ign a waiver o) Ar( 12?$ He &an al%o appl' )or ail wi(* (*e ee&(ive 9dge$ !) *e doe% no( appl' )or P!, an in)orma(ion will e )iled again%( *im and *e will e arraigned$ o o
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7*a( i% (*e d(' o) (*e arre%(ing o))i&er i) (*e arre%( i% made wi(*o( a warran(<
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Sec. 2(. /rrest of accused out on bail. – For the purpose of surrendering the accused, the bondsmen may arrest him or, upon ritten authority endorsed on a certified copy of the underta'ing, cause him to be arrested by a police officer or any other person of suitable age and discretion. /n accused released on bail may be re:arrested ithout the necessity of a arrant if he attempts to depart from the $hilippines ithout permission of the court here the case is pending.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S(a(e *i% a(*ori(' (o arre%(, and *e &a%e o) *i% arre%($ 7*en i% (*i% 2-)old d(' di%pen%ed wi(*< o Engaged in (*e &ommi%%ion o) (*e o))en%e o Pr%i( immedia(el' a)(er i(% &ommi%%ion E%&ape%, )lee%, or )or&ile re%i%(% e)ore o))i&er &old do %o o /iving o) %&* will imperil (*e arre%( o o o
S'(- 9- M')+ + ..') .*=)' '.+,- % W', *,; , ..')! .*=)' '.+, << *,+. )' '.+, )+ ' ..')' + )' *,)',)*+, )+ ..') * , )' (/' + )' ..')! /,<' )' <))'. * '*)'. ',;;' *, )' (+**+, + , +','! * /./' *'*)'< )'. *) (+**+,! +. '('! <''! +. +.(*< .'*) '+.' )' '.+, *,; )' ..') ++.)/,*) )+ + *,+. *! +. ', )' ;*=*,; + /( *,+.)*+, *<< *'.*< )' ..')
Can a priva(e per%on ma3e an arre%(< De%$ !) no(, (*i% %e&(ion wold no( ei%($ i a< o (' o) a priva(e per%on< S(a(e &a%e o) arre%(, and o *e in(en(ion (o arre%( *im o E&ep(ion%< Same a% aove$ o
S'(- 10- O*('. /+, *),('- % A, +*('. *,; </< ..') +.<< /+, , '.+, ' '' ,'('. )+ *) * *, ''()*,; )' ..')- E='. '.+, + /+,' , +*('. << *) * *, ''()*,; )' ..') ', ' (, .','. /( *),(' *)+/) ').*',) )+ *'<S'(- 11- R*;) + +*('. )+ .' *,)+ /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.'- % A, +*('.! *, +.'. )+ ' , ..') '*)'. =*.)/' + ..,)! +. *)+/) ..,) .+=*' *, '()*+, 5! .' *,)+ , /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.' '.' )' '.+, )+ ' ..')' * +. * .'+,< '<*'=' )+ '! * ' * .'/' *)),(' )'.')+! )'. ,,+/,(*,; * /)+.*) , /.+'S'(- 12- R*;) )+ .' +/) .+ /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.'- % W','='. , +*('. ',)'.' )' /*<*,; +. ',(<+/.' *, ((+.,(' *) )' .'('*,; '()*+,! ' .' +/) )'.'.+ ', ,'('. )+ <*'.)' *'<S'(- 14- R*;) + ))+.,' +. .'<)*=' )+ =**) '.+, ..')'- % A, ''. + )' P*<**,' ". <
ail i% appli&ale w*enever (*ere i% depriva(ion o) lier('$ Do don( even need (o wai( )or arraignmen(, a% %oon a% (*ere i% depriva(ion o) lier(' or o voln(ar' %rrender, ail &an e applied )or$ 4Serapio v Sandigana'an, 2##;
S'(- 2- C+,*)*+, + )' *< .'B/*.'',)- % A<< *, + *< .' /:'() )+ )' +<<+*,; (+,*)*+,> ?@ T' /,'.)*,; << ' ''()*=' /+, .+=
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
T' +.*;*,< '. << ))' )' /<< ,' , .' + )' ((/'! )' +/,) + )' /,'.)*,; , )' (+,*)*+, .'B/*.' )* '()*+,- P+)+;. ?+.) *'@ )', *)*, )' <) * ?6@ +,) +*,; )' ('! <') , .*;) .+*<' + )' ((/' /) ' ))(' )+ )' *<
7*a( are (*e &ondi(ion% o) ail< o *e nder(a3ing %*all remain in )or&e a( all (ime n(il (*e promlga(ion o) 9dgmen( o) (*e RC oe%n( ma((er i) (*e &a%e wa% originall' )iled in (*e RC, or i( wa% appealed (o (*e RC ( rememer, in (*e =C, ail i% a ma((er o) rig*( e)ore or a)(er &onvi&(ion, %o w*a( will *appen i) 'o appeal (o (*e CA, 4%in&e (*e ail will no longer remain in )or&e a)(er promlga(ion in (*e RC< K%( renew i(, i(% %(ill a ma((er o) rig*($ o A&&%ed %*all appear in (*e &or( w*en *e%*e i% ordered (o do %o 8ailre (o appear in &or( wi(*o( 9%(i)i&a(ion will e a waiver o) *i% rig*( (o e pre%en( o (*erea( So, (rial in a%en(ia will pro&eed ond%man will %rrender (*e a&&%ed (o (*e &or( )or ee&(ion o
S'(- 3- N+ .'<'' +. ).,'. '(') +, (+/.) +.'. +. *<- % N+ '.+, /,'. ')',)*+, <';< .+(' << ' .'<'' +. ).,'..' '(') /+, +.'. + )' (+/.) +. ', ' * *))' )+ *
ail i% a ma((er o) rig*(: o e)ore &onvi&(ion, w*e(*er =C or RC E&ep( )or &a%e% pni%*ale ' RP, L! or ea(* Penal(' Unle%% eviden&e o) gil( i% no( %(rong, (*en ma((er o) rig*( 4Serapio v S o A)(er &onvi&(ion i) in (*e =C Sin&e =C *a% onl' K over &a%e% le%% (*an 6 'ear% 6asta 7TC matter of ri1ht yan' A)(er &onvi&(ion i) in (*e RC and le%% (*an 6 'ear% and no di%ali)ier% 4%ee ne( %e&(ion o Kdge &an NF den' ail, ( *e *a% di%&re(ion on (*e amon(
S'(- 5- "* ?@ T) ' * .'(**=*)! B/*&.'(**=*)! +. *)/< '<*,B/',)! +. (+*))' )' (.*' ;;.=)' )' (*.(/),(' + .'*)'.)*+, ?@ T) ' .'=*+/< '(' .+ <';< (+,*,'',)! '=' ',)',('! +. =*+<)' )' (+,*)*+, + * *< *)+/) =<* :/)**()*+, ?(@ T) ' (+*))' )' +',' *<' /,'. .+)*+,! .+<'! +. (+,*)*+,< .+, ?@ T) )' (*.(/),(' + * (' *,*()' )' .+*<*) + <*;) * .'<'' +, *< +. ?'@ T) )'.' * /,/' .* )) ' (+*) ,+)'. (.*' /.*,; )' ',',( + )' '
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 7- C*)< +',' +. , +',' /,*<' .'(
*e appli&a(ion )or ail pending appeal )or a ailale o))en%e *a% (wo %&enario% 4Levi%(e v CA, 2#1# ;>: No( RP, L!, or dea(*, and one o) (*e &ir&m%(an&e% pre%en( ail will e EN!E o No( RP, L!, or dea(*, and none o) (*e &ir&m%(a&e% pre%en( di%&re(ionar' on (*e &or( o ail i% a ma((er o) di%&re(ion: A)(er &onvi&(ion in (*e RC, o No( a &api(al o))en%e, or an o))en%e pni%*ale ' RPL!, and o No( a&&ompanied ' (*e )ollowing in%(an&e%, i) (*e penal(' e&eed% 6 'ear%: o Re&idivi%(, *ai(al delinen(, rei(era(ion Previo%l' e%&aped )rom legal &on)inemen( Commi((ed o))en%e w*ile nder proa(ionparolepardon 8lig*(-ri%3 Unde ri%3 (*a( *e ma' &ommi( ano(*er &rime dring (*e penden&' o) (*e appeal o NFE: a )inding (*a( none o) (*e %aid &ir&m%(an&e% i% pre%en( will NF a(oma(i&all' re%l( in (*e gran( o) ail$ 4Levi%(e v CA Hen&e, o(*er &ir&m%(an&e% &an e (a3en in(o a&&on( ' (*e &or( (o den' ail$ ail i% no( allowed w*en: Capi(al o))en%e, or an o))en%e pni%*ale ' RPL!, and o Eviden&e o) gil( i% %(rong o 7*ere do 'o appl' )or ail< !) appealed and e)ore (*e (ran%mi%%ion o) re&ord% (o (*e appella(e &or(: (o (*e RC o !) appealed, and (*e RC &onvi&(ion &*anged (*e na(re o) o))en%e )rom non-ailale (o o ailale: (o (*e appella(e &or( Rle%: !) &onvi&(ed ' (*e RC, e'ond 6 'ear%, and wi(* an' o) (*e di%ali)ier%: ail denied o !) &onvi&(ed ' (*e RC, e'ond 6 'ear%, and wi(* NFNE o) (*e di%ali)ier%: %(ill a ma((er o o) di%&re(ion o !) &onvi&(ed ' (*e RC le%% (*an 6 'ear%: ma((er o) rig*( o !) &onvi&(ed ' (*e RC, le%% (*an 6 'ear%, ( wi(* an' o) (*e di%ali)ier%: ail ma((er o) di%&re(ion, ( &or( will impo%e a *ig*er ail So, w*en 'o %a' (*a( ail i% a ma((er o) di%&re(ion, &an 'o do awa' wi(* (*e *earing< NF$ ail *earing i% manda(or'$ 4See Se& 1J o Prolem%: C*arged wi(* mrder, ( pe(i(ion )or ail gran(ed$ 7a% %%een(l' &onvi&(ed o) o *omi&ide$ Can *e appl' )or ail< De%, a% a ma((er o) di%&re(ion$ !%%e on eviden&e o) gil( i% %(rong i% irrelevan( %in&e i( onl' applie% i) (*e o))en%e i% non-ailale 4*omi&ide i% ailale o C*arged wi(* mrder, pe(i(ion )or ail gran(ed, (*en &onvi&(ed o) mrder$ Can %*e appl' )or ail< No (*e na(re o) (*e o))en%e i% non-ailale$ eing &onvi&(ed, (*e eviden&e o) gil( i% ovio%l' %(rong$ C*arged wi(* an o))en%e pni%*ale ' more (*an 6 'ear% ( &onvi&(ed o) o))en%e no( o pni%*ale ' more (*an 6 'ear% 4alleged di))eren( )rom w*a( i% proven$ Can %*e appl' )or ail< De%, a% a ma((er o) rig*($
S'(- 8- "/.', + .++ *, *< <*()*+,- % A) )' '.*,; + , <*()*+, +. *< *<' '.+, + * *, (/)+ +. )' (+**+, + , +',' /,*<' ')! .'(
>ac' story! eviste shot his aid. Be voluntarily surrendered to his friend >inay and as initially charged ith homicide hich as a bailable offense. So he posted bail. >ut the information as upgraded to murder by the C6I and approved by the court. 3urder is a non:bailable offense, so he filed for a petition for bail, hich as granted because the evidence of guilt as not strong. 0rial proceeded and he as found guilty of homicide. So he filed for bail . /nd thatMs here this case left off.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 18- N+)*(' + <*()*+, )+ .+'(/)+.- % I, )' <*()*+, +. *< /,'. '()*+, 8 + )* R/<'! )' (+/.) /) ;*=' .'+,<' ,+)*(' + )' '.*,; )+ )' .+'(/)+. +. .'B/*.' * )+ /*) * .'(+',)*+,
Pro%e&(ion *a% rden o) proo) (o %*ow %(rong eviden&e o) gil( dring ail *earing% involving &api(al o))en%e% and RPL!$ 8or non-ailale o))en%e%, (*e per%on i% immedia(el' arre%(ed$ So )ile )or a PE!!FN 8FR A!L$ !(% manda(or' (*a( (*ere: !% a %mmar' *earing, and o An oppor(ni(' )or (*e pro%e&(ion (o &ommen( o A *earing on appli&a(ion )or ail i% =ANAFRD$ 7*e(*er ail i% a ma((er o) rig*( or o) di%&re(ion, (*e pro%e&(or %*old e given o rea%onale no(i&e o) *earing, a( lea%( *i% re&ommenda(ion on (*e ma((er m%( e %og*($ 4=a(a% v Perello, 2##?, w*ere (*e &*arge wa% nder (*e A Al(*og* in pra&(i&e, no *earing% i) ail i% a ma((er o) rig*($ *e 9dge %*old o%erve (*e )ollowing: o !n ALL &a%e%, no(i)' (*e pro%e&(or o) (*e *earing or reire *im (o %mi( a re&ommenda(ion Cond&( a *earing regardle%% o) w*e(*er or no( (*e pro%e&(ion re)%e% (o pre%en( eviden&e A *earing i% reired even w*en (*e pro%e&(ion re)%e% (o add&e eviden&e or )ail% (o o9e&( (o (*e mo(ion o) ail 4omingo v Paga'a(an, 2##; e&ide w*e(*er (*e gil( o) (*e a&&%ed i% %(rong a%ed on (*e %mmar' eviden&e o) (*e pro%e&(ion 4relevan( i) non-ailale o))en%e !) (*e gil( o) (*e a&&%ed i% no( %(rong, di%&*arge (*e a&&%ed pon approval o) (*e ail ond$ !% 9oin( *earing )or ml(iple a&&%ed manda(or'< o NF$ !(% di%&re(ionar'$ 4Serapio v S A ail *earing i% a %mmar' *earing, i( %*old e rie) and %peed', %o &or( %*old 3eep o (*a( in mind$
S'(- 9- A+/,) + *< ;/*'<*,'- % T' :/;' + */' )' ..,) +. ;.,)' )' <*()*+, << * .'+,<' +/,) + *< (+,*'.*,; .*.*<! /) ,+) <**)' )+! )' +<<+*,; ()+.> ?@ F*,,(*< <**<*) + )' ((/' )+ ;*=' *< ?@ N)/.' , (*.(/),(' + )' +',' ?(@ P',<) +. )' +',' (.;' ?@ C.()'. , .'/))*+, + )' ((/' ?'@ A;' , '<) + )' ((/' ?@ W'*;) + )' '=*',(' ;*,) )' ((/' ?;@ P.+*<*) + )' ((/' '.*,; ) )' ).*< ?@ F+.'*)/.' + +)'. *< ?*@ T' () )) )' ((/' /;*)*=' .+ :/)*(' ', ..')' , ?:@ P',',( + +)'. (' '.' )' ((/' * +, * =i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
?@ E( /) ' .'*',) +,'. + .'< '))' *)*, )' P*<**,' ?@ W'.' )'.' * +,< +,' /.')! * .'< '))' /) ' +.) ) <') )' +/,) + /,'.)*,; ?(@ I )'.' .' )+ +. +.' /.')*'! '( :/)* *, , +/,) <' ), )) '.'' *, )' /,'.)*,; /) )' ;;.';)' + )' :/)**' / /) ' 'B/*=<',) )+ )' +<' +/,) + )' *< ','I, << ('! '='. /.') /) ' +.) )' +/,) '(**' *, * +, /,'.)*,; +='. , +=' << :/) ')! +<*;)*+, , .+'.)*' '') .+ ''(/)*+,S'(- 13- J/)**()*+, + /.')*'- % E='. /.') << :/)* *=*) )', '+.' )' :/;' )) ' +'' )' B/<**()*+, .'(.*' *, )' .'('*,; '()*+,- H' << '(.*' )' .+'.) ;*=', '(/.*)! ))*,; )' ,)/.' + * )*)<'! *) ',(/.,('! )' ,/'. , +/,) + +)'. *< ',)'.' *,)+ * , )*<< /,*(.;'! , * +)'. <**<*)*'- T' (+/.) '*,' )' /.')*' /+, +) (+,('.,*,; )'*. /*(*',( *, /( ,,'. *) '' .+'.- N+ *< << ' .+=' /,<' )' /.') * B/<**'S'(- 14- D'+*) + ( *<- % T' ((/' +. , '.+, ()*,; *, * '< '+*) *, ( *) )' ,'.') (+<<'()+. + *,)'.,< .'=',/' +. .+=*,(*
'pe% o) ail: Ca%* ond o A 9dge i% no( allowed (o re&eive &a%* )or ail nor %*old i( e 3ep( in *i% o))i&e$ 4La&*i&a v Kdge ormi%, 2##?$ Ca%* a% ail m%( e depo%i(ed onl': o (*e neare%( !R &olle&(or, or o (*e provin&ial, &i(' or mni&ipal (rea%rer A&&%ed i% en(i(led (o re(rn o) ) ll amon( i) a&i((ed or &a%e di%mi%%ed Corpora(e %re(' o =%( e a&&redi(ed ' (*e SC A&&%ed pa'% (*e premim w*i&* *e doe%n( ge( a&3 i) a&i((ed Proper(' ond o A&&%ed need no( e (*e owner o) (*e proper(' *e owner m%( e a re%iden( o) (*e P*ilippine% 4!=PFRANB o anno(a(e, regi%(er (*e lien wi(*in 1# da'% )rom approval o) (*e ond Re&ogni.an&e o Ei(*er ' (*e a&&%ed *im%el) or a re%pon%ile memer o) (*e &ommni('
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
?@ W'.' )' ;.,) + *< * ))'. + *(.')*+,! +. )' ((/' '' )+ ' .'<'' +, .'(+;,*,('! )' <*()*+, +,< ' *<' *, )' (+/.) '.' )' (' * ',*,;! ).*
7*ere do 'o )ile ail< !) arre%(ed in (*e pla&e w*ere (*e &a%e i% pending: o !n (*a( &or( !) 9dge o) %aid &or( i% a%en( or navailale: wi(* an' 9dge in (*e provin&e, &i(' or mni&ipali(' Pra&(i&al (ip: 'o need a &er(i)i&a(ion (*a( 9dge wa% in )a&( a%en( or navailale A%en( or navailale: on leave, %i&3, e(& o No( a%en( or navailale: i) merel' in a mee(ing, *aving o merienda, e(& o !) pla&e o) arre%( i% di))eren( )rom w*ere &a%e i% pending: !n (*e &or( w*ere (*e &a%e i% pending 4( no( reall' pra&(i&al !n (*e RC w*ere a&&%ed wa% arre%(ed !) no RC 9dge: (*en =C 9dge Re&ord% will e %en( (o w*ere &a%e i% pending and 9dge w*ere &a%e i% pending &an &*oo%e (o a&&ep( i( or reire a new ail 4Se& 15 !) (*ere i% a &a%e pending ( no arre%( 'e( 4meaning, a&&%ed voln(aril' %rrender% o Fnl' w*ere (*e &a%e i% pending Al(*og* in pra&(i&e, %ome people %rrender in @)riendl' pla&e% and (*en appl' )or ail, (*a(% no( reall' allowed !) (*ere i% an arre%( ( no &a%e pending 4meaning, warran(le%% arre%(% o An' &or( w*ere (*e a&&%ed i% *eld Prolem%: Arre%(ed in araga' Pola&ion, =a3a(i, and &a%e wa% )iled in =a3a(i: o Appl' in &or( w*ere &a%e i% pending$ !) 9dge no( availale, appl' in an' &or( in (*e area$ o Arre%(ed in =ari3ina, ( &a%e wa% pending in C$ Appl' in =ari3ina, no( in C$ o 7andering )reel' in (*e %*ore% o) ora&a', ( (*e &a%e pending in =a3a(i$ on( appl' )or ail, 'o *aven( een arre%(ed$ ( i) 'o de&ide (o voln(aril' %rrender, 'o *ave (o do i( in =a3a(i and (*a(% w*ere 'o po%( ail$ Arre%(ed in !lo&o%, ( &a%e pending in =a3a(i$ Appli&a(ion in !lo&o% gran(ed and (*e o re&ord% were %en( (o =a3a(i$ !% (*e 9dge in =a3a(i oliga(ed (o a&&ep( (*e ail< No, *e &an reire a new ail i) *e wan(%$ 4See Se&(ion 15 Do need an order o) relea%e )rom (*e 9dge$ ran (ip: le( 'or &lien( 3eep i( in *i% per%on 4and *i% &ar a( ALL (ime% o ran (ip: don( ge( a &er(i)i&a(e o) arre%( i) 'or &lien( wa% never arre%($ Perwi%'o 'anB o ran (ip: i) 'or &lien( voln(aril' %rrender% %o *e &an po%( ail, don( ring *im (o (*e o &or(, 9%( le( *im *ang arond in (*e vi&ini(' in &a%e (*e 9dge wan(% (o %ee *im per%onall'$ *e &or( %(a)) mig*( *ave &onne&(ion% wi(* (*e poli&e$ Perwi%'o 'anB
S'(- 20- I,(.'' +. .'/()*+, + *<- % A)'. )' ((/' * *))' )+ *C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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8or)ei(re: w*en a&&%ed )ail% (o appear in per%on a% reired 8or)ei(ed (o (*e &or( o o Remed': =R (o rein%(a(e (*e ail Can&ella(ion o A(oma(i& w*en A&&%ed a&i((ed i%mi%%al o) &a%e Ee&(ion o) (*e 9dgmen( o) &onvi&(ion Upon appli&a(ion o) (*e ond%men o Srrender o) (*e a&&%ed, or Proo) o) *i% dea(*
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Arre%( wi(*o( warran(: ' ond%men o o A((emp( ' (*e a&&%ed 4on ail (o depar( wi(*o( permi%%ion o) (*e &or( *a(% w*' 'o %*old )ile a mo(ion (o depar( w*en 'o wan( (o l eave (*e &on(r'$
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/R: No ail a)(er 9dgmen( i% )inal and ee&(or' o E0CEP: i) *e applie% )or proa(ion e)ore 9dgmen( i% )inal 4rememer 'o ei(*er )ile )or proa(ion or appeal, m(all' e&l%ive, *e &an go on ail$
S'(- 25- C+/.) /'.=**+, + ')*,''- % T' (+/.) << ''.(*' /'.=**+, +='. << '.+, *, (/)+ +. )' /.+' + '<**,)*,; /,,'('. ')',)*+,- T' ''(/)*=' :/;' + )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) << (+,/() +,)< '.+,< *,'()*+, + .+=*,(*
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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ail i% no( a ar (o o9e&( (o: o !llegal arre%( o Legali(' o) (*e warran( A%%ail (*e reglari(', e%(ioning or a%en&e o) (*e P! o PRF!E, *e rai%e% (*em E8FRE en(ering *i% plea 4arraignmen( Read wi(* Rle 11I, Se& 5 4w*a( are deemed waived i) no( rog*( p in a = e)ore arraignmen( ;? Hen&e, a mo(ion (o a%* (*e amended in)orma(ion &an e )iled dring (*e penden&' o) a pe(i(ion )or ail 4Serapio v S
RULE 115 & RIHTS OF ACCUSED S'()*+, 1- R*;) + ((/' ) ).*<- % I, << (.**,< .+'(/)*+,! )' ((/' << ' ',)*)<' )+ )' +<<+*,; .*;)> ?@ T+ ' .'/' *,,+(',) /,)*< )' (+,).. * .+=' '+, .'+,<' +/)
7*en &ir&m%(an&e% lead (o (wo or more in)eren&e%, one or more leading (o inno&en&e and one or more leading (o gil(, (*e )ormer 4inno&en&e m%( prevail$
?@ T+ ' *,+.' + )' ,)/.' , (/' + )' ((/)*+, ;*,) *
*i% mean% (*a( (*e a&&%ed m%( nder%(and (*e na(re and &a%e o) a&&%a(ion again%( *im$ So i) *e doe%n( %pea3 8ilipinoEngli%*, an a(*ori.ed in(erpre(er m%( eplain i( (o *im$ o 7*en (*e &omplain( or (*e re%ol(ion ' (*e pli& pro%e&(or w*i&* &on(ain (*e mi%%ing avermen(% i% AACHE (o (*e in)orma(ion and )orm par( o) (*e re&ord%, (*en (*e a&&%ed% rig*( (o e in)ormed o) (*e a&&%a(ion *a% een &omplied wi(*$ 4Flivare. v CA, >6? SCRA >6?, w*ere (*e avermen(% o) (*e age o) (*e vi&(im 4)or prpo%e% o) (*e An(i-C*ild A%e Law were a((a&*ed (o (*e in)orma(ion
?(@ T+ ' .'',) , '', *, '.+, , (+/,'< ) '='. );' + )' .+(''*,;! .+ ..*;,',) )+ .+/<;)*+, + )' :/;',)- T' ((/' ! +'='.! *=' * .'',(' ) )' ).*< /./,) )+ )' )*/<)*+, ') +.) *, * *
Rig*( (o de)end in per%on and ' &on%el 7*en< Ever' %(age o) (*e pro&eeding%, )rom arraignmen( (o promlga(ion o) (*e 9dgmen( o He m%( e pre%en( a( all %(age% o) (*e pro&eeding$ E0CEP: w*en *e waive% (*i% rig*($ ( (*i% waiver m%( e pr%an( (o %(ipla(ion% in (*e &ondi(ion% o) ail$ oe% (*e priva(e &omplainan( *ave (o e (*ere alwa'%< No$ 7*en &an a &on%el de o))i&io e appoin(ed< o ring arraignmen( 4=ANAFRD on (*e &or( o ring (rial 4no( manda(or' on (*e &or( 4Lii( v People, w*ere SC %aid no d(' (o appoin( w*en a&&%ed *ad *i% own law'er dring arraignmen( and dring %ome %(age% o) (*e (rial
(*
Sec. 1(. Appointment of counsel de officio for accused on appeal. :
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e)ore re&ord% are ele&(ed on appeal 4a&&%ed in)ormed o) rig*( (o &on%el ' &ler3 o) &or( a( (*i% poin(;6 o !n (*e CA: w*en (*e a&&%ed %igned *i% appeal ' *im%el) or i) *e i% in pri%on !n (*e SC: &*e&3 SC gideline% o *ere &an e (rial in a%en(ia a% long a%: *ere *a% een arraignmen( o A&&%ed i% n9%(i)ial' a%en($ o No(e: A%en&e o) a&&%ed i% onl' a waiver o) *i% rig*( (o pre%en( eviden&e on (*a( par(i&lar da'$ 4Cri%o%(omo v S, >?6 SCRA >? /R: Negligen&e o) (*e &on%el ind% (*e a&&%ed$ E0CEP: i) /RFSS negligen&e e&a%e (*a( will e depriva(ion o) de pro&e%% )or (*e o a&&%ed 4Andrada v People, >?2 SCRA 6J?, w*ere (*e &on%el wa% 9%(i)ied )or no( &ro%%eamining &er(ain wi(ne%%e% Con%el m%( e !NEPENEN &on%el$ o Hen&e, no(: Legal o))i&er o) (*e &i(' Pli& or priva(e pro%e&(or Con%el )or (*e poli&e =ni&ipal a((orne' 4People v Snga, w*erein (*e &on%el wa% (*e &i(' legal o))i&er o
?@ T+ )')* *),' *, * +, '< /) /:'() )+ (.+&'*,)*+, +, ))'. (+='.' *.'() '*,)*+,- H* *<',(' << ,+) *, , ,,'. .':/*(' *
A&&%ed &an (e%(i)' )or (*e pro%e&(ion i) *e wan(%, ( *e &anno( e &ompelled (o do %o$ Silen&e will NF pre9di&e (*e a&&%ed$ 8hat if the question only raises civil liability-
?'@ T+ ' '') .+ '*,; (+'<<' )+ ' *),' ;*,) *'<
A&&%ed *a% a rig*( again%( %el)-in&rimina(ion$ *e privilege onl' applie% (o (e%(imonial &ompl%ion, and no( me&*ani&al a&(% o) (*e a&&%ed$ o Hen&e, NA re%l(% are no( &overed nder (*i% rig*($ 4Herrera v Ala >6# SCRA 15I Al%o no( &overed: e(ra&(ing a vir% )rom (*e od', morp*ine )or&ed o( o) (*e mo(* o) (*e a&&%ed, an order (o p( on a pair o) apple-o((om 9ean% 4wi(* oo(% wi(* (*e )rr, pregnan&' (e%(
?@ T+ (+,.+,) , (.+&'*,' )' *),'' ;*,) * ) )' ).*<- E*)'. .) /)*<*' .) + *) '=*',(' )' )')*+, + *),' + * '(''! +/) + +. (, ,+) *) /' *<*;',(' ' +/, *, )' P*<**,'! /,=*<<'! +. +)'.*' /,<' )+ )')*! ;*=', *, ,+)'. (' +. .+(''*,;! :/*(*< +. *,*).)*='! *,=+<=*,; )' ' .)*' , /:'() ))'.! )' ='.' .) =*,; )' ++.)/,*) )+ (.+&'*,' *?;@ T+ =' (+/<+. .+(' */' )+ '(/.' )' ))',,(' + *),'' , .+/()*+, + +)'. '=*',(' *, * '<
*e a&&%ed &an appl' )or %poena ad (e%(i)i&andm and d&e% (e&m He &an al%o avail o) (*e mode% o) di%&over' )ond in Rle 115, Se&% 12, 1;, 1? 4&ondi(ional eamina(ion o) wi(ne%%e% )or (*e pro%e&(iona&&%ed 7i(ne%%e% )or a&&%ed, prpo%e%: o Si&3 or in)irm or navailale, or Live% more (*an 1## 3m )rom &or( ;I
(+
Rule 122, Sec. 1(. Appointment of counsel de officio for accused on appeal. : ar in good standing so designated by the judge in the order, or if the order be made by a court of superior jurisdiction, before an inferior court to be designated therein. 0he eamination shall proceed notithstanding the absence of the prosecutor provided he as duly
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*ere< e)ore AND 9dge, memer o) (*e ar in good %(anding 4i) 9dge no( availale, or e)ore an' in)erior &or( 4pon order o) a %perior &or( 7i(ne%%e% )or pro%e&(ion: Si&3, in)irm, or navailale, or 7i(ne%% i% ao( (o depar(;J 7*ere< FNLD in (*e &or( w*ere (*e a&(ion i% pending
o
?@ T+ =' ''! *.)*< , /<*( ).*<
7*a( are (*e (wo rig*(% w*en i( &ome% %peed< Rig*( (o %peed' (rial 4&riminal o !n &riminal law, (*e rig*( (o %peed' (rial &an e invo3ed an'(ime e)ore (rial Remed': mo(ion (o di%mi%% on grond o) viola(ion o) rig*( (o %peed' (rial ;5 4w*i&* re%l(% in an a&i((al o Speed' di%po%i(ion o) (*e &a%e 4&on%(i !n &on%(i((ional law, i( &an e invo3ed an' (ime a% long a% (*e a&(ion i% pending Remed': *aea% &orp% 4%in&e de(en(ion *a% no more legal a%i% ea(io%, &apri&io%, oppre%%ive dela'% viola(e (*e rig*( (o %peed' di%po%i(ion o) (*e &a%e 4CF># 8a&(or%: Leng(* o) dela' o o Rea%on% )or %&* dela' A%%er(ion or )ailre (o a%%er( *i% rig*( ' a&&%ed o o Pre9di&e 4Dlo v People, >?2 SCRA I#?, w*i&* involved rig*( (o %peed' di%po%i(ion w*ere (*e =R in (*e CA wa% onl' a&(ed on a)(er ; 'ear% ( (*e SC %aid no viola(ion e&a%e (*e CA 9%(i&e re(ired and (*e &a%e wa% rea%%igned onl' a)(er 2 'ear%$ Relevan( (ime period%: o Sace below is for your drawin1 of the time eriods' 9ave fun and ma+e sure to color between the lines'
8rom arre%( (o pre-(rial and arraignmen(: ;# da'% 8rom arraignmen( (o (rial: J# da'% En(ire period o) (rial: 1J# da'% 7*a( are NF in&lded in &on(ing (*e (ime< 7*a( are E0CLUE )rom de(ermina(ion o) dela'<
notified of the hearing. / ritten record of the testimony shall be ta'en. ( Rule 11-, Sec. 1*. Examination of !itness for the prosecution.– When it is satisfactorily appears that a itness for the prosecution is too sic' or infirm to appear at the trial as directed by the court, of has to leave the $hilippines ith no definite date of returning, he may forthith be conditionally eamined before the court here the case is pending. Such eamination, in the presence of the accused, or in his absence after reasonable notice to attend the eamination has been served on him, shall be conducted in the same manner as an eamination at the trial. Failure or refusal of the accused to attend the eamination at the trial. Failure or refusal of the accused to attend the eamination after notice shall be considered a aiver. 0he statement ta'en may be admitted in behalf of or against the accused. ( Rule 11-, Sec. -. Remedy here accused is not brought to trial ithin the time limit. –
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*o%e enmera(ed in Rle 115, Se& ; >1: F(*er pro&eeding%: o =en(alp*'%i&al eamina(ion o) (*e a&&%ed F(*er &riminal &*arge% E(raordinar' remedie% again%( in(erlo&(or' order% Li3e (*ere wa% a &a%e e)ore (*a( pre-(rial *appened onl' a)(er I 'ear%, ( (*e rea%on wa% (*a( (*ere wa% a Rle 6? pending, %o (*a(% a valid e&l%ion$ o Rememer (*e /R (*og* (*a( e(raordinar' remedie% will NF %(op (*e an ongoing &riminal (rial nle%% (*e *ig*er &or( give% a RF$ Pre-(rial pro&eeding%, a% long a% no( e&eeding ;# da'% Frder% o) in*ii(ion or &*ange(ran%)er o) venepre9di&ail e%(ion An' period no( e&eeding ;# da'% w*en (*e a&&%ed i% a&(all' nder advi%emen( A%en&e 4w*ereao(% UNMF7N or navailaili(' 4w*ereao(% o MNF7N ( pre%en&e &old no( e o(ained o) wi(ne%% =en(al in&ompe(en&e or p*'%i&al inaili(' o) (*e a&&%ed (o %(and o (rial o Co-a&&%ed over w*om &or( *a% no( a&ired K or )or w*om (ime )or (rial *a% no( rn and no mo(ion )or %epara(e (rial i% gran(ed Pro%e&(ion di%mi%%ed in)orma(ion pon mo(ion and (*en )iled o ano(*er &*arge )or (*e %ame &a%e o Con(inan&e gran(ed ' (*e &or( mo( propio or on mo(ion o) ei(*er (*e a&&%ed or (*e pro%e&(ion
Rig*( (o pli& (rial o /R: rial %*old e pli& E0CEP: w*en (*e pro&eeding% or (*e %9e&( ma((er o) (*e (rial i% o))en%ive de&en&'pli& moral% >2 7*a( ao( &overage< o
)1
Rule 11-, Sec. (. Exclusions. : 0he folloing periods of delay shall be ecluded in computing the time ithin hich trial must commence! "a# /ny period of delay resulting from other proceedings concerning the accused, including but not limited to the folloing! "1# Celay resulting from an eamination of the physical and mental condition of the accused% "2# Celay resulting from proceedings ith respect to other criminal charges against the accused% "(# Celay resulting from etraordinary remedies against i nterlocutory orders% ")# Celay resulting from pre:trial proceedings% provided, that t he delay does not eceed t hirty "(# days% "*# Celay resulting from orders of inhibition, or proceedings relating to change of venue of cases or transfer from other courts% "+# Celay resulting from a finding of eistence of a prejudicial ;uestion% and "7# Celay reasonably attributable to any period, not to eceed thirty "(# days, during hich any proceeding concerning the accused is act ually under advisement. "b# /ny period of delay resulting from the absence or unavailability of an essential itness. For purposes of this subparagraph, an essential itness shall be considered absent hen his hereabouts are un'non or his hereabouts cannot be determined by due diligence. Be shall be considered unavailable henever his hereabouts are 'non but his presence for trial cannot be obtained by due diligence. "c# /ny period of delay resulting from the mental incompetence or physical inability of the accused to stand trial. "d#
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
!n Pe(i(ion )or Coverage o) =l(iple =rder Ca%e% again%( Ampa(an 42#11, (*e SC allowed ro hac vice 4)or (*a( &a%e onl' (*e &overage o) media, %9e&( (o &er(ain &ondi(ion%$>;
?*@ T+ '< *, << (' <<+' , *, )' ,,'. .'(.*' <RULE 116 & ARRAINMENT AND PLEA S'()*+, 1- A..*;,',) , <' + '- & ?@ T' ((/' /) ' ..*;,' '+.' )' (+/.) '.' )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, *<' +. *;,' +. ).*<- T' ..*;,',) << ' ' *, +', (+/.) )' :/;' +. (<'. /.,**,; )' ((/' *) (+ + )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,! .'*,; )' ' *, )' <,;/;' +. *<'() ,+, )+ *! , *,; * ')'. ' <' ;/*<) +. ,+) ;/*<)- T' .+'(/)*+, (<< ) )' ).*< *),'' +)'. ), )+' ,' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,?@ T' ((/' /) ' .'',) ) )' ..*;,',) , /) '.+,<< ',)'. * <'- "+) ..*;,',) , <' << ' ' + .'(+.! /) *
a# /n audio:visual recording of the 3aguindanao massacre cases may be made both for documentary purposes and for transmittal to live radio and television broadcasting "b# 3edia entities must file ith the trial court a letter of application, manifesting that they intend to broadcast the audio:visual recording of the proceedings and that they have the necessary technological e;uipment and technical plan to carry out the same, ith an underta'ing that they ill faithfully comply ith the guidelines and regulations and cover the entire remaining proceedings until promulgation of judgment. 5o selective or partial coverage shall be alloed. 5o media entity shall be alloed to broadcast the proceedings ithout an application duly approved by the trial court. "c# / single fied compact camera shall be installed inconspicuously inside the courtroom to provide a single ide:angle full:vie of the sala of the trial court. 5o panning and &ooming shall be alloed to avoid unduly highlighting or donplaying incidents in the proceedings. 0he camera and the necessary e;uipment shall be operated and controlled only by a duly designated official or employee of the Supreme 9ourt. 0he camera e;uipment should not produce or beam any distracting sound or light rays. Signal lights or signs shoing the e;uipment is operating should not be visible. / limited number of microphones and the least installation of iring, if not ireless technology, must be unobtrusively located in places indicated by the trial court. 0he $ublic
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?@ W', )' ((/' <' ;/*<) /) .'',) '(/<)+. '=*',('! * <' << ' ''' *)., , <' + ,+) ;/*<) << ' ',)'.' +. *?'@ W', )' ((/' * /,'. .'=',)*=' ')',)*+,! * (' << ' .<' , *) .'(+. ).,*))' )+ )' :/;' )+ + )' (' .<' *)*, ).'' ?3@ .+ )' *<*,; + )' *,+.)*+, +. (+<*,)- T' ((/' << ' ..*;,' *)*, )', ?10@ .+ )' )' + )' .<'- T' .'&).*< (+,'.',(' + * (' << ' '< *)*, )', ?10@ )'. ..*;,',)?@ T' .*=)' +',' .) << ' .'B/*.' )+ '. ) )' ..*;,',) +. /.+' + <' .;*,*,;! ')'.*,)*+, + (*=*< <**<*)! , +)'. ))'. .'B/*.*,; * .'',('- I, (' + *
7*ere m%( arraignmen( e made< o Cor( w*ere (*e &omplain( or in)o wa% )iled or a%%igned )or (rial 7*en %*old i( e made< o epend%$ ;# da'% )rom (*e da(e (*e &or( a&ire% 9ri%di&(ion over (*e per%on$ 4)iling o) (*e in)orma(ion No(e: ( (*e (ime (a3en p ' a mo(ion (o a%* or a ill o) par(i&lar% will no( e in&lded in (*e &on(ing o) (*e period No(e again: pre-(rial m%( *appen wi(*in (*e %ame ;#-da' period, ( a)(er arraignmen( ;:1#:1# rle i) (*e per%on i% preven(ivel' de(ained$ 8rom )iling o) in)o, &a%e i% ra))led wi(*in ; da'% Arraignmen( wi(*in 1# da'% o) ra))le Pre-(rial wi(*in 1# da'% o) arraignmen( How %*old arraignmen( e made< *e in)orma(ion i% read again%( *im ' (*e 9dge or (*e &ler3 o o !( m%( e in a langage or diale&( 3nown (o *im o A&&%ed m%( e a%3ed w*e(*er *e plead% gil(' or no( 4%o arraignmen( )ir%( e)ore plea Can arraignmen( e %3ipped< o No, never$ *e a&&%ed &an NF waive *i% arraignmen($ Can (*e a&&%ed a%3 *i% law'er (o a((end arraignmen( )or *im in%(ead< o NFB A&&%ed m%( e pre%en( a( (*e arraignmen( and m%( per%onall' en(er *i% plea$ *e law'er &an no( en(er *i% plea )or *im$ oe% (*e offended par(' *ave (o e (*ere dring arraignmen(< De%, )or (*e prpo%e% o) plea argaining, &ivil liaili(' and o(*er ma((er%$ o !) *e doe%n( go de%pi(e no(i&e, (*e a&&%ed &an en(er *i% plea (o a le%%er o))en%e wi(* (*e &on)ormi(' o) (*e pro%e&(or$ So, goB Fr el%e (*e a&&%ed &an ge( o)) wi(* a le%%er o))en%e$ 7*a( ao( a ela(ed arraignmen(< People v rinidad: (*e' reali.ed (*a( (*ere wa% no arraignmen( done, ( (*e ela(ed o arraignmen( wa% deemed valid e&a%e (*e &on%el o) (*e a&&%ed par(i&ipa(ed in (*e (rial$ 7*en will a plea o) NF gil(' e en(ered )or (*e a&&%ed< o !) *e re)%e% (o plea !) *e ma3e% a &ondi(ional plea o o !) *e en(er% a plea o) gil(' ( o))er% e&lpa(or' eviden&e o !) *e *im%el) ma3e% a plea o) no( gil(' Mind% o) plea% o) gil(: o o a le%%er o))en%e 4Se& 2 o a &api(al o))en%e 4Se& ; o o a non-&api(al o))en%e 4Se& > o !mproviden( plea 4Se& ? o
S'(- 2- Plea of guilty to a lesser offense. % A) ..*;,',)! )' ((/'! *) )' (+,',) + )' +',' .) , .+'(/)+.! ' <<+' )' ).*< (+/.) )+ <' ;/*<) )+ <''. +',' =i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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*( * ,'('.*< *,(
7*en &an a plea o) gil(' (o a le%%er o))en%e e made< o A( arraignmen(, wi(* (*e &on%en( o) (*e o))ended par(' and (*e pro%e&(or Unle%% (*e o))ended par(' wa% no( (*ere de%pi(e no(i&e A( (*e pre-(rial 4a( (*e ver' la(e%(, wi(* (*e %ame &ondi(ion% o A( (rial, &an NF longer plea gil(' (o le%%er o))en%e o No(e (*a( (*e le%%er o))en%e m%( e ne&e%%aril' in&lded in (*e o))en%e &*arged$
S'(- 3- Plea of guilty to capital offense; reception of evidence - % W', )' ((/' <' ;/*<) )+ (*)< +','! )' (+/.) << (+,/() '.(*,; *,B/*. *,)+ )' =+
Now moo( %in&e no more dea(* penal(' 4%%pended Sear&*ing inir' m%( e made ' (*e 9dge (o de(ermine i) plea wa% voln(ar' and i) (*e a&&%ed nder%(ood (*e plea So, &*e&3: o a&3grond Cond&( o) &%(odial inve%(iga(ion 4ma' (or(re a, e(& Eplain (*e na(re o) (*e o))en%e (o (*e a&&%ed HEAR!N/ i% needed$ !) no %ear&*ing inir' wa% made or wa% de)e&(ive, (*en (*e plea o) gil(' &old e an improviden( plea$ 4People v o&men(o, 2#1#
S'(- 4- Plea of guilty to non-capital offense; reception of evidence, discretionary - % W', )' ((/' <' ;/*<) )+ ,+,&(*)< +','! )' (+/.) .'('*=' '=*',(' .+ )' .)*' )+ ')'.*,' )' ',<) )+ ' *+'
Hearing *ere i% di%&re(ionar', no( manda(or'$ Fnl' i) ne&e%%ar' (o de(ermine penal(' o) o))en%e o
S'(- 5- Withdrawal of improvident plea of guilty.% A) , )*' '+.' )' :/;',) + (+,=*()*+, '(+' *,
7*a( i% an improviden( plea ba< Plea o) gil(' wi(*o( )ll' nder%(anding (*e &on%een&e% o) (*e plea o K*nivel pleaded gil(' (o mrder, ( *e didn( 3now w*a( (*a( mean($ !( &an e wi(*drawn AND (ime E8FRE 9dgmen( o) &onvi&(ion e&ome% )inal and ee&(or' 4a)(er appeal period epire% !) (*e plea i% (*e %ole a%i% o) (*e &onvi&(ion, (*en (*e &a%e will e remanded (o (*e (rial &or( )or )r(*er pro&eeding%$ 4%ppo%ing i( wen( p (o (*e appella(e &or(% !) (*ere are o(*er pie&e% o) eviden&e, (*e appella(e &or( &an de&ide a%ed on (*o%e pie&e% o o) eviden&e$
S'(- 6- D/) + (+/.) )+ *,+. ((/' + * .*;) )+ (+/,'<- % "'+.' ..*;,',)! )' (+/.) << *,+. )' ((/' + * .*;) )+ (+/,'< , * * ' '*.' )+ =' +,'- U,<' )' ((/' * <<+' )+ '', *'< *, '.+, +. '<+' (+/,'< + * (+*('! )' (+/.) /) *;, (+/,'< ' +*(*+ )+ '', *S'(- 7- A+*,)',) + (+/,'< ' +*(*+- % T' (+/.)! (+,*'.*,; )' ;.=*) + )' +',' , )' **(/<) + )' B/')*+, )) .*'! << +*,) (+/,'< ' +*(*+ /( ''. + )' . *, ;++ ),*,; +! .'+, + )'*. ''.*',(' , *<*)! (, (+')',)< '', )' ((/'- "/) *, <+(<*)*' '.' /( ''. + )' . .' ,+) =*<<'! )' (+/.) +*,) , '.+,! .'*',) + )' .+=*,(' , + ;++ .'/)' +. .+*) , *<*)! )+ '', )' ((/'S'(- 8- T*' +. (+/,'< ' +*(*+ )+ .'.' +. ..*;,',)- % W','='. (+/,'< ' +*(' * +*,)' )' (+/.) )+ '', )' ((/' ) )' ..*;,',)! ' << ' ;*=', .'+,<' )*' )+ (+,/<) *) )' ((/' )+ * <' '+.' .+(''*,; *) )' ..*;,',)
e)ore arraignmen(, i( i% (*e d(' o) (*e &or(: (o in)orm (*e a&&%ed o) *i% rig*( (o &on%el o (o appoin( a &on%el de o))i&io o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
i) no law'er% availale, &or( ma' appoin( an' per%on o) good rep(e and aili(' (o de)end (*e a&&%ed
S'(- 9- "*<< + .)*(/<.- % T' ((/' ! '+.' ..*;,',)! +=' +. *<< + .)*(/<. )+ ',<' * .+'.< )+ <' , .'.' +. ).*<- T' +)*+, << '(* )' <<';' ''() + )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, , )' ')*< '*.'
7*en &an 'o move )or a ill o) par(i&lar%< E8FRE arraignmen( o 7*a( do 'o need (o allege< e)e&(%, and o e(ail% de%ired o !) (*e pro%e&(ion doe% no( provide a ill o) par(i&lar%, or w*a( i( provided wa% de)e&(ive, (*e &a%e will e di%mi%%ed a%ed on )ailre (o pro%e&(e$ 4ira(a v Sandigana'an, 155I, w*ere (*e oP merel' rei(era(ed %()) and even added allega(ion%
S'(- 10- Production or inspection of material evidence in possession of prosecution - % U+, +)*+, + )' ((/' +*,; ;++ (/' , *) ,+)*(' )+ )' .)*'! )' (+/.)! *, +.'. )+ .'=',) /..*'! /.'*+,! +. <)'.)*+,! +.'. )' .+'(/)*+, )+ .+/(' , '.*) )' *,'()*+, , (+*,; +. +)+;.*,; + , .*))', ))'',) ;*=', )' (+<*,,) , +)'. *),'' *, , *,=')*;)*+, + )' +',' (+,/()' )' .+'(/)*+, +. +)'. *,=')*;)*,; +*('.! '<< , '*;,)' +(/',)! '.! ++! ((+/,)! <'))'.! +)+;.! +:'()! +. ),;*<' )*,; ,+) +)'.*' .*=*<';'! *( (+,)*)/)' +. (+,)*, '=*',(' )'.*< )+ , ))'. *,=+<=' *, )' (' , *( .' *, )' +'*+, +. /,'. )' (+,).+< + )' .+'(/)*+,! +<*('! +. +)'. < *,=')*;)*,; ;',(*'S'(- 11- Suspension of arraignment - % U+, +)*+, )' .+'. .)! )' ..*;,',) << ' /',' *, )' +<<+*,; ('> ?@ T' ((/' '. )+ ' /'.*,; .+ , /,+/, ',)< (+,*)*+, *( ''()*='< .','. * /,<' )+ /<< /,'.), )' (.;' ;*,) * , )+ <' *,)'<<*;',)< )'.')+- I, /( ('! )' (+/.) << +.'. * ',)< '*,)*+, ,! * ,'('.! * (+,*,'',) +. /( /.+' ?@ T'.' '*) .':/*(*< B/')*+, , ?(@ A ')*)*+, +. .'=*' + )' .'+
7*en i% arraignmen( %%pended< o A&&%ed %))ering )rom n%ond men(al &ondi(ion o Pre9di&ial e%(ion ei%(% o Pe(i(ion )or review i% pending wi(* (*e FK or (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pre. S*old no( e&eed 6# da'% )rom )iling ran (ip: F(ain a re%ol(ion )rom (*e FK a%ap$ Rememer (*a( (*e Cor( will no( wai( long a)(er (*e 6# da' period epire%$ Do *ave (o wa(&* and e read' )or (*i% prolem$ o Pending in&iden(% li3e =o(ion (o a%* =o(ion )or in*ii(ion =o(ion )or ill o) par(i&lar%
RULE 117 % MOTION TO #UASH S'()*+, 1- Time to move to quash- % A) , )*' '+.' ',)'.*,; * <'! )' ((/' +=' )+ B/ )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,
7*en do 'o )ile a mo(ion (o a%*< o AND !=E e)ore en(ering (*e plea 7*a( are (*e a%i& rea%on% )or doing %o< o !n)o i% de)e&(ive, or o Cor( *a% no K Can 'o )ile a mo(ion (o a%* a &omplain(-a))idavi(< o NF$ Do a%* (*e in)o, no( (*e &omplain(-a))idavi($
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 2- Form and contents. % T' +)*+, )+ B/ << ' *, .*)*,;! *;,' )' ((/' +. * (+/,'< , << *)*,()< '(* *) ()/< , <';< ;.+/,- T' (+/.) << (+,*'. ,+ ;.+/, +)'. ), )+' ))' *, )' +)*+,! '(') <( + :/.**()*+, +='. )' +',' (.;'
=%( e in wri(ing o Signed ' (*e a&&%ed or *i% &on%el Cor( %*all no( &on%ider an' o(*er grond e&ep( (*o%e indi&a(ed in (*e mo(ion o E0CEP: no 9ri%di&(ion over (*e %9e&( ma((er
S'(- 3- rounds. % T' ((/' +=' )+ B/ )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, +, , + )' +<<+*,; ;.+/,> ?@ T) )' () (.;' + ,+) (+,)*)/)' , +',' ?@ T) )' (+/.) ).*,; )' (' ,+ :/.**()*+, +='. )' +',' (.;' ?(@ T) )' (+/.) ).*,; )' (' ,+ :/.**()*+, +='. )' '.+, + )' ((/' ?@ T) )' +*('. + *<' )' *,+.)*+, ,+ /)+.*) )+ + + ?'@ T) *) +' ,+) (+,+. /),)*<< )+ )' .'(.*' +. ?@ T) +.' ), +,' +',' * (.;' '(') ', *,;<' /,*',) +. =.*+/ +',' * .'(.*' < ?;@ T) )' (.**,< ()*+, +. <**<*) '', ')*,;/*' ?@ T) *) (+,)*, ='.',) *(! * )./'! +/< (+,)*)/)' <';< '(/' +. :/)**()*+, , ?*@ T) )' ((/' '', .'=*+/< (+,=*()' +. (B/*))' + )' +',' (.;'! +. )' (' ;*,) * **' +. +)'.*' )'.*,)' *)+/) * '.' (+,',)
/rond%: 8a&(% &*arged do no( &on%(i((e an o))en%e 4See Se& > o a%i&all': (*e elemen(% o) (*e o))en%e are no( alleged o e%(: w*e(*er or no( (*e )a&(% a%%evera(ed, i) *'po(*e(i&all' admi((ed, wold e%(ali%* (*e e%%en(ial elemen(% o) (*e &rime de)ined in law 4La.ar(e v S =a((er% alinde will NF e &on%idered$ o ( w*a( i) (*e )a&(% alleged &on%(i((e a di))eren( &rime< *en NF =$ Cor( will order an amendmen($ !) order no( )ollowed, (*en &or( will gran( (*e =$ o ole 9eopard'< NF$ No arraignmen( 'e($ Eample: &*arged wi(* ali)ied (*e)(, ( )ailed (o %*ow (*e rela(ion%*ip e(ween (*e par(ie%$ =ore (*an one o))en%e wa% &*arged in (*e in)orma(ion o Rememer (*e rle: one o))en%eone in)orma(ion E&ep( i) %ingle pni%*men( )or vario% o))en%e% i% pre%&ried ' law 4&omple &rime 12; &*e&3% on&ed 12; in)orma(ion% o 12 (ime% raped 12 in)orma(ion% 4rememer K-CallB o o S(aed a man 1J (ime% (o dea(* 1 in)orma(ion )or mrder oe% no( &on)orm %%(an(iall' (o pre%&ried )orm o al3% o) (*e %))i&ien&' o) an in)orma(ion o Rememer (*a( i( need% (*e &er(i)i&a(ion ' (*e pro%e&(or$>> F))i&er w*o )iled (*e in)orma(ion *ad NF a(*ori(' (o do %o o Li3e a %pe&ial pro%e&(or )iling or amending an in)o wi(*o( a(*ori(' )rom (*e F=$ Fr a pro%e&(or in Caga'an de Fro )iling an in)o in =a3a(i$ o ( i) allowed or appoin(ed ' (*e FK, (*en (*a(% )ine$ So a %(a(e pro%e&(or appoin(ed a% a&(ing &i(' pro%e&(or &an *ave a(*ori(' (o approve)ile an in)orma(ion prepared ' (*e a%%i%(an( pro%e&(or, a% long a% allowedappoin(ed ' (*e FK$ La&3 o) 9d over (*e per%on o) (*e a&&%ed, i$e: No voln(ar' %rrender, or no( 'e( arre%(ed o La&3 o) 9d over (*e o))en%e &*arged
))
Rule 112, Sec. ). Resolution of investigating prosecutor and its revie. –
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
Cor( &an &on%ider even wi(*o( alleging in (*e = o Criminal a&(ionliaili(' *a% een e(ingi%*ed ' pre%&rip(ion !( i% (*e &riminal liaili(' w*i&* *a% een e(ingi%*ed and w*i&* (*i% grond applie% (o o !) (*e i%%e i% wi(* (*e pre%&rip(ion o) penal(ie%, (*a(% a di))eren( %(or' %in&e (*a( pre%ppo%e% (*a( 9dgmen( *ad alread' een me(ed o( Con(ain% avermen(% w*i&*, i) (re, wold &on%(i((e a legal e&%e or 9%(i)i&a(ion Li3e i) (*e in)orma(ion &on(aining 9%(i)'ing &ir&m%(an&e% o 7*a( i) merel' mi(iga(ing< oe%n( ma((er$ Pro%e&(or %*oldn( *ave p( i( (*ere in (*e )ir%( pla&e$ 7ea3 in)orma(ion$ ole 9eopard' 4read wi(* Se& I Rei%i(e%: o 8iled in a &ompe(en( 9ri%di&(ion alid in)orma(ion previo%l' )iled alid plea Previo%l' &onvi&(ed, a&i((ed or &a%e wa% di%mi%%ed wi(*o( epre%% &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed e%(: w*e(*er one o))en%e i% iden(i&al wi(* (*e o(*er or i% an a((emp( (o &ommi( i( or a o )r%(ra(ion (*ereo)G or w*e(*er one o))en%e ne&e%%aril' in&lde% or i% ne&e%%aril' in&lded in (*e o(*er 4=eren&illo v People, 2##I, w*ere SC %aid (*a( eing &*arged o) viola(ing (*e An(i-/ra)( Law and ire&( rier' doe% NF amon( (o dole 9eopard'$ /R: i%mi%%al m%( e 7!HFU (*e epre%% &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed o Li3e )ailre (o pro%e&(e E0CEP 4impor(an(B !e wi(* &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed ( dole 9eopard' &an e invo3ed: iola(ion o) rig*( (o %peed' (rial o emrrer (o eviden&e o 7*a( ao( mo(ion )or de(ermina(ion o) proale &a%e and gran(ed ' (*e &or(< Nope, no dole 9eopard' e&a%e a( (*i% poin(, (*ere *a% een no plea 'e($ 7*en will dole 9eopard' no( %e( in< o Spervening even( 8a&(% &on%(i((ing graver &*arge onl' di%&overed a)(er a plea wa% en(ered Li3e w*en &*arge wa% )r%(ra(ed *omi&ide, (*en a)(er plea, (*e vi&(im die% Plea o) gil(' (o le%%er o))en%e wa% made 7!HFU &on%en( o) pro%e&(or and o))ended par(' E0CEP: o w*en (*e priva(e o))ended par(' did no( appear dring arraignmen( )or plea argaining and (*e o))en%e wa% ne&e%%aril' in&lded in (*e o))en%e &*arged 4dole 9eopard' %e(% inB>?
S'(- 4- A',',) + (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+,- % I )' +)*+, )+ B/ * ' +, , <<';' ''() + )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, *( (, ' (/.' ',',)! )' (+/.) << +.'. )) , ',',) ' 'I *) * ' +, )' ;.+/, )) )' () (.;' + ,+) (+,)*)/)' , +','! )' .+'(/)*+, << ' ;*=', )' (+/.) , ++.)/,*) )+ (+..'() )' ''() ',',)- T' +)*+, << ' ;.,)' * )' .+'(/)*+, *< )+ ' )' ',',)! +. )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, )*<< /'. .+ )' ' ''() '*)' )' ',',)S'(- 5- E'() + /)*,*,; )' +)*+, )+ B/- % I )' +)*+, )+ B/ * /)*,'! )' (+/.) +.'. )) ,+)'. (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, ' *<' '(') .+=*' *, '()*+, 6 + )* ./<'- I )' +.'. * '! )' ((/'! * *, (/)+! << ,+) ' *(.;' /,<' *))' )+ *<- I ,+ +.'. * ' +. * =*,; '', '! ,+ ,' *,+.)*+, * *<' *)*, )' )*' '(**' *, )' +.'. +. *)*, /( /.)'. )*' )' (+/.) <<+ +. ;++ (/'! )' ((/'! * *, (/)+! << ' *(.;' /,<' ' * <+ *, (/)+ + ,+)'. (.;')*
Rule 11+, Sec 1 "f# 0he private offended party shall be re;uired to appear at the arraignment for purposes of plea bargaining, determination of civil liability, and other matters re;uiring his presence.
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 6- O.'. /)*,*,; )' +)*+, )+ B/ ,+) . )+ ,+)'. .+'(/)*+, '(')*+,- % A, +.'. /)*,*,; )' +)*+, )+ B/ * ,+) . )+ ,+)'. .+'(/)*+, +. )' ' +',' /,<' )' +)*+, ' +, )' ;.+/, '(**' *, '()*+, 3 ?;@ , ?*@ + )* R/<'
7*a( i% (*e e))e&( o) a gran( o) (*e =< /R: !S=!SSALB o E0CEP: !) a%ed on alleged de)e&( w*i&* &an e &red ' amendmen(, &or( will order amendmen($ !) a%ed on grond (*a( )a&(% &*arged do no( &on%(i((e an o))en%e, &or( will allow amendmen($ o De(, i) (*e pro%e&(ion )ail% (o ma3e (*e amendmen(, (*en di%mi%%al$ Can a new &omplain( or in)orma(ion e )iled< 4re-)iling o) in)orma(ion o /R: De%$ *e a&&%ed will no( e di%&*arged nle%% admi((ed (o ail$ !) %(ill no new &omplain( or in)o i% )iled wi(*in (*e %pe&i)i& period ordered ' &or(, (*e a&&%ed &an e di%&*arged$ 7ill (*e (ime-ar rle in provi%ional di%mi%%al% appl' (o re-)iling o) an in)orma(ion< NFB !( will NF appl'$ 4Lo% ano% v Pedro, 2##5 o E0CEP: 47*en &an (*ere e no re-)iling o Pre%&rip(ion ole 9eopard' 7*a( i% (*e remed' o) a denial o) a =< o None$ 7ai( )or (*e 9dgmen( and (*en appeal$ 4La.ar(e v S E0CEP i) denial wa% reall' (ain(ed wi(* /AALEK, (*en Rle 6?$
S'(- 7- Former conviction or acquittal; dou!le "eopardy - % W', , ((/' '', (+,=*()' +. (B/*))'! +. )' (' ;*,) * **' +. +)'.*' )'.*,)' *)+/) * '.' (+,',) (+/.) + (+')',) :/.**()*+,! /+, =<* (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, +. +)'. +.< (.;' /*(*',) *, +. , /),(' )+ /)*, (+,=*()*+, , )'. )' ((/' <'' )+ )' (.;'! )' (+,=*()*+, +. (B/*))< + )' ((/' +. )' **< + )' (' << ' . )+ ,+)'. .+'(/)*+, +. )' +',' (.;'! +. +. , ))') )+ (+*) )' ' +. ./).)*+, )'.'+! +. +. , +',' *( ,'('.*< *,( ?@ )' ;.='. +',' '='<+' /' )+ /'.=',*,; () .**,; .+ )' ' () +. +**+, (+,)*)/)*,; )' +.'. (.;' ?@ )' () (+,)*)/)*,; )' ;.='. (.;' '(' ,+, +. '.' *(+='.' +,< )'. <' ',)'.' *, )' +.'. (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, +. ?(@ )' <' + ;/*<) )+ )' <''. +',' ' *)+/) )' (+,',) + )' .+'(/)+. , + )' +',' .) '(') .+=*' *, '()*+, 1?@ + R/<' 116I, , + )' +.';+*,; ('! '.' )' ((/' )**' +. '.=' *, +<' +. *, .) )' :/;',)! ' << ' (.'*)' *) )' ' *, )' '=',) + (+,=*()*+, +. )' ;.='. +','S'(- 8- Provisional dismissal - % A (' << ,+) ' .+=**+,<< **' '(') *) )' '.' (+,',) + )' ((/' , *) ,+)*(' )+ )' +',' .)T' .+=**+,< **< + +',' /,*<' *.*+,',) ,+) '(''*,; * ?6@ '. +. *,' + , +/,)! +. +)! << '(+' '.,',) +,' ?1@ '. )'. */,(' + )' +.'. *)+/) )' (' =*,; '', .'=*='- W*) .''() )+ +',' /,*<' *.*+,',) + +.' ), * ?6@ '.! )'*. .+=**+,< **< << '(+' '.,',) )+ ?2@ '. )'. */,(' + )' +.'. *)+/) )' (' =*,; '', .'=*='
!n provi%ional di%mi%%al, (*ere i% no e%(ioning o) (*e in)orma(ion$ o *e in)o i% valid and (*e &or( *a% K over (*e per%on and (*e o))en%e$ No(e: alwa'% done wi(* o (*e &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed and no(i&e o) (*e o))ended par(' o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
E))e&(: &a%e i% (emporaril' di%mi%%ed =eaning i( &an e revived 4no( re-)iled %in&e (*e di%mi%%al wa% provi%ional o oe% i( *ave (o e in wri(ing< o NF$ No )orm reired$ Compare wi(* a = w*i&* need% (o e in wri(ing$ 7*o &an a%3 )or a P< o Pro%e&(ion 7i(* (*e &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed 4%o no dole 9eopard' !) no &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed, (*e *earing will e re%e($ !) no &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed and wa% %(ill di%mi%%ed, (*en dole o 9eopard' will %e( in$ *e a&&%ed o No need )or &on%en( o) (*e pro%e&(ion 7*en &an 'o a%3 )or a P< AND !=E w*ile (*e &a%e i% pending$ o o Even e)ore arraignmen( 4A(('$ ran Compare wi(* = (*a( m%( e )iled e)ore plea$ o (*e grond% )or a = appl' in P< o NF$ Sample grond% )or a P: 7i(ne%% no( availale )or i(e %ome (ime *e vi&(im e&ame in%ane La&3 o) ma(erial eviden&e How &an provi%ional di%mi%%al e permanen(< o !) (*e o))en%e doe% no( e&eed 6 'ear%: 1 'ear% !) o))en%e goe% e'ond 6 'ear%: 2 'ear% o *e period %(ar(% pon re&eip( o) no(i&e ' (*e a&&%ed U: in People v La&%on, 42##; (*e SC %aid (*e period &an onl' %(ar( pon re&eip( o) no(i&e ' (*e pli& pro%e&(or 4%in&e *e *a% (*e d(' (o revive (*e &a%e 7*' go )or a provi%ional di%mi%%al in%(ead o) a &on(inan&e< So 'o won( ge( (rapped ' (*e a&&%ed %a'ing (*a( *i% rig*( (o a %peed' (rial *a% een o viola(ed$ o A%3ing )or ml(iple &on(inan&e% and re%e(% ma' pi%% (*e 9dge o))$ = Prov i%mi%%al 8iled '< A&&%ed A&&%ed or Pro%e& 8orm< 8orm and &on(en( reired ' No %&* reiremen( law 4in wri(ing, e(& A((a&3% w*a(< A%%ail% (*e in)orma(ion /ronded on rea%on% o(*er (*an (*e de)e&(% in (*e in)orma(ion 7*en E8FRE plea AND !=E availale< Permanen&e ime-ar rle applie% oe%n( appl'
S'(- 9- F*
7*en %*old one )ile a =< e)ore plea o !) no(, (*en 7A!ER o) (*o%e grond%$ E0CEP: o 8a&(% &*arged do no( &on%(i((e an o))en%e o No 9ri%di&(ion over (*e o))en%e &*arged o Criminal a&(ion *a% e(ingi%*ed
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
o o
ole 9eopard' "omie apo&al'p%e =o(ion (o i%mi%% 4Civil /ran(, den', or order an amendmen(
Cor( a&(ion%
Re-)iling
F9e&(ion% no( rai%ed
PwedeB E&ep(: Pre%&rip(ion Unen)or&eale nder So8 Re% Kdi&a(a E(ingi%*ed &laim or demand 7aivedB E&ep(: La&3 o) 9d over S= Pre%&rip(ion Li(i% Penden(ia Re% Kdi&a(a
=o(ion (o a%* 4Criminal /ran(, den' or order (o amend 4L!=!E grond%: de)e&( (*a( &an e &red or )a&(% &*arged do no( &on%(i((e an o))en%e PwedeB E&ep(: ole 9eopard' Pre%&rip(ion
7aivedB E&ep(: La&3 o) 9d over o))en%e Pre%&rip(ion oe% no( &on%(i((e an o))en%e ole 9eopard'
RULE 118 PRE&TRIAL S'()*+, 1- Pre-trial; mandatory in criminal cases. % I, << (.**,< (' (+;,*<' )' Sandigan!ayan, R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)! M').++<*), T.*< C+/.)! M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) *, C*)*'! M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) , M/,*(*< C*.(/*) T.*< C+/.)! )' (+/.) < ?@ <' .;*,*,; ?@ )*/<)*+, + () ?(@ .*,; +. *',)**()*+, + '=*',(' + )' .)*' ?@ *='. + +:'()*+, )+ ***<*) + '=*',(' ?'@ +**()*+, + )' +.'. + ).*< * )' ((/' *) )' (.;' /) *,)'.+' </< '',' , ?@ /( ))'. *<< .++)' *. , ''*)*+/ ).*< + )' (.**,< , (*=*< '() + )' ('
7*en %*old pre-(rial o&&r< ;# da'% )rom (*e &or( a&iring 9ri%di&(ion over (*e per%on AN a)(er arraignmen( o Read wi(* arraignmen(: Pre-(rial m%( e wi(*in (*e %ame ;#-da' period a% arraignmen( ( i) (*e a&&%ed i% de(ained, rememer (*e ;:1#:1# rle !% pre(rial manda(or'< DES$ 4FCA v E%panol, 2##>, w*erein a 9dge did no( avail o) pre-(rial, &a%ing *er (o re(ire o wi(* a lo( o) pending &a%e% Can 'o &ompromi%e< o /R: No &ompromi%e% in &riminal a&(ion 7*' no(< e&a%e o) (*e rle (*a( o))er o) &ompromi%e i% a %ign o) &riminal liaili('$ 4Eviden&e U now, e&a%e o) (*e KRAR rle%: (*e)(, liel, de)ama(ion, o e%(a)a &an e &ompromi%ed, ( onl' on (*e &ivil a%pe&( 4&oldn( )ind (*e a%i% )or (*i% ( 'o &an &ompromi%e (*e &ivil a%pe&( o) (*e &a%e$ *a(% i($ !( doe%n( di%mi%% (*e &riminal &a%e$ Fn a))idavi(% o) de%i%(an&e: o A))idavi( o) de%i%(an&e )iled e)ore (*e o))i&e o) (*e pro%e&(or 4dring P! Allowed, and will di%mi%% (*e &a%e i) (*e FP de&ide% (o$ However, no dole 9eopard' will %e( in 'e( 4%in&e no arraignmen(
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
A))idavi( o) de%i%(an&e )iled w*ile (*e &a%e i% alread' pending in &or( 4arraignmen( doneB A))ian( will *ave (o (a3e (*e %(and (o a(*en(i&a(e (*e a))idavi($ And (*en (*e pro%e&(ion will move )or di%mi%%al$ o However, i( i% impor(an( (o &oordina(e and (al3 (o (*e )i%&al$ 8or all 'o 3now, *e mig*( no( wan( (o di%mi%% (*e &a%e$ Rememer, i(% nder *i% &on(rol and %pervi%ion$
S'(- 2- Pre-trial agreement - % A<< ;.''',) +. **+, ' +. ',)'.' /.*,; )' .'&).*< (+,'.',(' << ' .'/(' *, .*)*,; , *;,' )' ((/' , (+/,'
Admi%%ion% o) (*e a&&%ed dring (*e pre-(rial &an e %ed again%( *im provided: !( i% in wri(ing, and o Signed ' o(* (*e a&&%ed and *i% &on%el o No %&* reiremen( in &ivil &a%e%$ Agreemen(% 4(*o%e )ond in Se& 1 al%o *ave (o e in wri(ing and o %igned ' o(* (*e a&&%ed and *i% &on%el, o wi(* (*e addi(ional reiremen( o) approval ' (*e &or($ o !n pra&(i&e, (*e%e admi%%ion% and agreemen(% are in&orpora(ed in(o (*e pre-(rial order w*i&* o(* (*e a&&%ed and *i% &on%el m%( %ign$ !n People v Snga, 42##; (*e a&&%ed allegedl' %igned a &on)e%%ion dring PREL!=!NARD !NES!/A!FN, and wa% *elped ' (*e &i(' legal o))i&er (o ee&(e i($ SC %aid (*e e(ra9di&ial &on)e%%ion wa% inadmi%%ile e&a%e (*e &i(' legal o))i&er wa% no( an !NEPENEN &on%el$ 4i( wa% a%%igned nder (*i% Rle, don( 3now w*'$ SC made a pa%%ing remar3 on pre(rial, ( (*e &on)e%%ion wa% made dring P!, no( pre-(rial$
S'(- 3- #on-appearance at pre-trial conference. % I )' (+/,'< +. )' ((/' +. )' .+'(/)+. +' ,+) '. ) )' .'&).*< (+,'.',(' , +' ,+) +'. , ((')<' '(/' +. * <( + (++'.)*+,! )' (+/.) *+' .+'. ,()*+, +. ',<)*'
*e rle o) a%en&e% in pre-(rial o) &ivil &a%e% do NF appl' in &riminal &a%e%$ !) (*e o))ended par('wi(ne%% i% a%en(, (*e &or( &an ei(*er re%e( (*e pre-(rial or rel' on &ompl%or' pro&e%%e%$ !) (*e &on%el% are a%en(, (*e &or( ma' impo%e %an&(ion% or penal(ie%$ o 7*a( i) 'o are admoni%*ed< *a(% o3, don( &r'$ !(% 9%( a gen(le and )riendl' reproo)$ U &r' i) i(% a reprimand, e&a%e (*a(% a penal('$ !) (*e a&&%ed i% a%en(, (*ere will e 8or)ei(re or ail, orand o o 7arran( o) arre%(
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Pre-(rial order will re&i(e: o A&(ion% (a3en o 8a&(% %(ipla(ed o Eviden&e mar3ed
RULE 119 & TRIAL S'()*+, 1- Time to prepare for trial. % A)'. <' + ,+) ;/*<) * ',)'.'! )' ((/' << =' ) <') *)'', ?15@ )+ .'.' +. ).*<- T' ).*< << (+',(' *)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ .'('*) + )' .'&).*< +.'.
rial m%( &ommen&e wi(*in ;# da'% )rom re&eip( o) pre-(rial order !) (*ere i% an order )or new (rial, (*en wi(*in ;# da'% )rom no(i&e o) (*a( order 4Se& ? o ( i) impra&(i&al, i( &an e e(ended p (o 1J# da'% )rom no(i&e o) (rial
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 2- C+,)*,/+/ ).*< /,)*< )'.*,)' +)+,'',)- % T.*< +,(' (+',(' << (+,)*,/' .+ )+ . .()*(<' /,)*< )'.*,)'- I) ' +)+,' +. .'+,<' '.*+ + )*' +. ;++ (/'T' (+/.) < ?@ A, '.*+ + '< .'/<)*,; .+ +)'. .+(''*,; (+,('.,*,; )' ((/'! *,( ?1@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ , '*,)*+, + )' *(< , ',)< (+,*)*+, + )' ((/' ?2@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ .+(''*,; *) .''() )+ +)'. (.**,< (.;' ;*,) )' ((/' ?3@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ ').+.*,. .''*' ;*,) *,)'.<+(/)+. +.'. ?4@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ .'&).*< .+(''*,; .+=*'! )) )' '< +' ,+) '('' )*.) ?30@ ?5@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ +.'. + *,**)*+,! +. .+(''*,; .'<)*,; )+ (,;' + =',/' + (' +. ).,'. .+ +)'. (+/.) ?6@ D'< .'/<)*,; .+ *,*,; + '*)',(' + .':/*(*< B/')*+, , ?7@ D'< .'+,< )).*/)<' )+ , '.*+! ,+) )+ '('' )*.) ?30@ ! /.*,; *( , .+(''*,; (+,('.,*,; )' ((/' * ()/<< /,'. =*'',)?@ A, '.*+ + '< .'/<)*,; .+ )' ',(' +. /,=*<*<*) + , '',)*< *),'F+. /.+' + )* /.;.! , '',)*< *),' << ' (+,*'.' ',) ', * '.'+/) .' /,,+, +. * '.'+/) (,,+) ' ')'.*,' /' *<*;',('- H' << ' (+,*'.' /,=*<<' ','='. * '.'+/) .' ,+, /) * .'',(' +. ).*< (,,+) ' +)*,' /' *<*;',('?(@ A, '.*+ + '< .'/<)*,; .+ )' ',)< *,(+')',(' +. *(< *,*<*) + )' ((/' )+ ), ).*
rial m%( &on&lde wi(*in 1J# da'% )rom (*e )ir%( da' Unle%% a(*ori.ed ' (*e Spreme Cor( o ( (a3e no(e o) (*e e&l%ion%, (*e%e are no( &on(ed in de(ermining (*e period$ 8or (*e gran(ing o) &on(inan&e 4w*i&* i% an allowale e&l%ion, (*e &or( will &*e&3 (*e )ollowing )a&(or%: o 7*e(*er or no( i( will lead (o a mi%&arriage o) 9%(i&e So, (*i% &an in&lde &ivpro grond% 4li3e navailaili(' o) ma(erial eviden&e, %i&3ne%% o) &on%el *e i%%e% are %o novel, n%al, and &omple (*a( i( reire% more (ime (o prepare o No &on(inan&e allowed:
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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S'(- 5- T*' <**) +<<+*,; , +.'. +. ,' ).*<- % I )' ((/' * )+ ' ).*' ;*, /./,) )+ , +.'. +. ,' ).* ?@ S<< .+)< /,'.)' )+ +)*, )' .'',(' + )' .*+,'. +. ).*< +. (/' ,+)*(' )+ ' '.=' +, )' '.+, =*,; (/)+ + )' .*+,'. .'B/*.*,; /( '.+, )+ + =*' )' .*+,'. + * .*;) , ', ).* ?@ ,+*,;< <<+ )' (' )+ ' ') +. ).*< *)+/) *(<+*,; )) ,'('. *),' +/< ' /,=*<<' +. ).*< ?@ F*<' +)*+, +<'< +. '< *( ' ,+ * )+)<< .*=+<+/ , *)+/) '.*) ?(@ M' ))'',) +. )' /.+' + +)*,*,; (+,)*,/,(' *( ' ,+ )+ ' <' , *( * )'.*< )+ )' ;.,)*,; + (+,)*,/,(' +. ?@ W*<</<< *< )+ .+('' )+ ).*< *)+/) :/)**()*+, (+,*)',) *) )' .+=**+, '.'+! )' (+/.) /,* /( (+/,' ?1@ " *+*,; +, (+/,'< .*=)'< .')*,' *, (+,,'()*+, *) )' '',' + , ((/'! *,' ,+) '(''*,; )',) )+/, '+ ?P20!000-00@ ?2@ " *+*,; +, , +*,)' (+/,'< ' +*(*+! /<*( ))+.,'! +. .+'(/)+. *,' ,+) '(''*,; *=' )+/, '+ ?P5!000-00@ , ?3@ " ',*,; , '',' (+/,'< +. .+'(/)+. )' .*;) )+ .()*(' '+.' )' (+/.) ).*,; )' (' +. '.*+ ,+) '(''*,; )*.) ?30@ - T' /,*',) .+=*' +. )* '()*+, << ' *)+/) .':/*(' )+ , .+.*)' (.**,< ()*+, +. +)'. ,()*+, /)+.*' /,'. )'' ./<'S'(- 9- R'' '.' ((/' * ,+) .+/;) )+ ).*< *)*, )' )*' <**)- % I )' ((/' * ,+) .+/;) )+ ).*< *)*, )' )*' <**) .'B/*.' S'()*+, 1?;@! R/<' 116 , S'()*+, 1! ')',' S'()*+, 6 + )* R/<'! )' *,+.)*+, ' **' +, +)*+, + )' ((/' +, )' ;.+/, + ',*< + * .*;) )+ '' ).*<- T' ((/' << =' )' /.', + .+=*,; )' +)*+, /) )' .+'(/)*+, << =' )' /.', + ;+*,; +.. *) )' '=*',(' )+ ')<* )' '(
Se& 5 i% (*e remed' )or )ailre (o p*old (*e rig*( (o %peed' (rial$
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
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S'(- 11- $rder of trial. % T' ).*< << .+('' *, )' +<<+*,; +.'.> ?@ T' .+'(/)*+, << .'',) '=*',(' )+ .+=' )' (.;' ,! *, )' .+'. ('! )' (*=*< <**<*)?@ T' ((/' .'',) '=*',(' )+ .+=' * '',' , ;'! * ,! .**,;! .+ )' */,(' + .+=**+,< .'' *, )' ('?(@ T' .+'(/)*+, , )' '',' ! *, )) +.'.! .'',) .'/))< , /.&.'/))< '=*',(' /,<' )' (+/.)! *, /.)'.,(' + :/)*('! '.*) )' )+ .'',) *)*+,< '=*',(' '.*,; /+, )' *, */'?@ U+, **+, + '=*',(' + )' .)*'! )' (' << ' ''' /*))' +. '(**+, /,<' )' (+/.) *.'() )' )+ .;/' +.<< +. )+ /*) .*))', '+.,?'@ W', )' ((/' *) )' () +. +**+, (.;' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, /) *,)'.+' </< '','! )' +.'. + ).*< ' +**'
Frder o) (rial Pro%e&(ion o e)en%e o Re((al 4onward%: op(ional o Srre((al o Smi%%ion o) memoranda o Frder &an e rever%ed w*en %el)-de)en%e or o(*er e&lpa(or' de)en%e% are rai%ed
S'(- 12- A<*()*+, +. '*,)*+, + *),' +. ((/' '+.' ).*<- % W', )' ((/' '', '< )+ ,'. +. , +','! ' ! /+, +)*+, *) ,+)*(' )+ )' +)'. .)*'! =' *),'' (+,*)*+,<< '*,' *, * '<- T' +)*+, << ))'> ?@ )' ,' , .'*',(' + )' *),' ?@ )' /),(' + * )')*+, , ?(@ )) )' *),' * *( +. *,*. )+ +. .'+,<' ;.+/, +. '<*'=*,; )) ' *<< ,+) ' <' )+ ))', )' ).*
C*e&3 (*e di%&%%ion on rig*(% o) (*e a&&%ed )or (*i% one$ *e law, a% &an e %een, )avor% (*e a&&%ed$ o 7ill Rle 2; on depo%i(ion% appl' (o &riminal &a%e%< NF$ Rle 115 m%( e )ollowed$ 4=angerra v Ri%o%, 2##J, w*erein (*e old and %i&3 o wi(ne%% o) (*e pro%e&(ion wa% NF eamined e)ore (*e 9dge w*ere (*e &a%e wa% pending$ No(e: Do &an *ave a wi(ne%% po%( ail (o %e&re *i% a((endan&e$
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 16- Trial of several accused - % W', )+ +. +.' ((/' .' :+*,)< (.;' *) , +','! )' << ' ).*' :+*,)< /,<' )' (+/.)! *, *) *(.')*+, , /+, +)*+, + )' .+'(/)+. +. , ((/'! +.'. '.)' ).*< +. +,' +. +.' ((/'S'(- 17- %ischarge of accused to !e state witness. % W', )+ +. +.' '.+, .' :+*,)< (.;' *) )' (+**+, + , +','! /+, +)*+, + )' .+'(/)*+, '+.' .')*,; *) ('! )' (+/.) *.'() +,' +. +.' + )' ((/' )+ ' *(.;' *) )'*. (+,',) + )) )' ' *),'' +. )' ))' ',! )'. .'B/*.*,; )' .+'(/)*+, )+ .'',) '=*',(' , )' +., ))'',) + '( .++' ))' *),' ) '.*,; *, /+.) + )' *(.;'! )' (+/.) * )**' ))> ?@ T'.' * +
Rei%i(e% o) (*e a&&%ed a% a %(a(e wi(ne%% No dire&( eviden&e o Li3e w*en (*e eviden&e i% onl' &ir&m%(an(ial o A%ol(e ne&e%%i(' )or (*e eviden&e e%(imon' &old e %%(an(iall' &orroora(ed in ma(erial poin(% o oe% no( need (o e &orroora(ed in (*e E0AC %ame poin(%, enog* i) impor(an( poin(% are &orroora(ed$ !) w*a( wa% needed wa% (*e ea&( %ame poin(%, (*en (*e rei%i(e @no o(*er dire&( eviden&e availale will e rendered nga(or'$ 4Salvanera v People, 2##I, w*erein (*e (e%(imon' o) (*e 2 di%&*arged a&&%ed 9ived wi(* o(*er pro%e&(ion wi(ne%%e%$ Al%o People v E%(a&io, 2##5, w*ere (*e di%&*arged% (e%(imon' w*i&* led (o )inding (*e od' o) (*e vi&(im in a &er(ain lo( wa% &orroora(ed ' o(*er wi(ne%%e% w*o %aw (*e vi&(im near (*e %aid lo($ o A&&%ed doe% no( appear (o e (*e mo%( gil(' No( (*e @lea%( gil(' a*B No( &onvi&(ed o) a &rime involving moral (rpi(de o 7*en %*old i( e applied ) or< e)ore (*e pro%e&(ion re%(% i(% &a%e o 7*a( doe% (*e appli&an( need (o %mi(< A %worn a))idavi( o 7*a( i% (*e e))e&( o) gran(< A&i((al, pla'a*$ A&i((al$ So, dole 9eopard' 3i&3% in$ o Unle%%, *e renege% on *i% d(' (o (e%(i)' a&&ording (o *i% %worn %(a(emen($ 7*a( i) (*e appli&a(ion i% denied< *e %(a(emen( %*all e inadmi%%ile$ o ell me 4moreB ao( (*e 7i(ne%% Pro(e&(ion Program: Rei%i(e% are (*e %ame, %ir$ o ( wi(* (*e 7PP, i( i% )iled in (*e FK, no( wi(* (*e &or(, maam$ Under (*e 7PP, dole 9eopard' doe% NF %e( in %in&e no plea 'e($ So *e &an e o pro%e&(ed a)(erward%$ 4D v RC o) aga'(a' o Under (*e 7PP, i(% no( an a&i((al, ( a mere e&l%ion$
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-2
am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
<< (+*) )' ((/' )+ ,'. +. )' .+'. +',' , ** )' +.*;*,< (' /+, )' *<*,; + )' .+'. *,+.)*+,
Read wi(* %%(i((ion o) in)orma(ion$
S'(- 20- &ppointment of acting prosecutor - % W', .+'(/)+.! * *),) +. '/) * *B/<**' )+ () /' )+ , + )' ;.+/, ))' *, '()*+, 1 + R/<' 137 +. +. , +)'. .'+,! )' :/;' +. )' .+'(/)+. << (+/,*()' *) )' S'(.'). + J/)*(' *, +.'. )) )' <))'. +*,) , ()*,; .+'(/)+.S'(- 21- '(clusion of the pu!lic - % T' :/;' ! motu proprio, '(
Read wi(* (*e rig*(% o) (*e a&&%ed$
S'(- 22- )onsolidation of trials of related offenses- % C.;' +. +',' +/,' +, )' ' () +. +.*,; .) + '.*' + +',' + **<. (.()'. ' ).*' :+*,)< ) )' *(.')*+, + )' (+/.)S'(- 23- %emurrer to evidence. % A)'. )' .+'(/)*+, .') *) ('! )' (+/.) ** )' ()*+, +, )' ;.+/, + *,/*(*',( + '=*',(' ?1@ +, *) +, *,*)*)*=' )'. ;*=*,; )' .+'(/)*+, )' ++.)/,*) )+ ' '. +. ?2@ /+, '/..'. )+ '=*',(' *<' )' ((/' *) +. *)+/) <'=' + (+/.)I )' (+/.) ',*' )' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' *<' *) <'=' + (+/.)! )' ((/' /(' '=*',(' *, * '','- W', )' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' * *<' *)+/) <'=' + (+/.)! )' ((/' *=' )' .*;) )+ .'',) '=*',(' , /*) )' (' +. :/;',) +, )' * + )' '=*',(' +. )' .+'(/)*+,T' +)*+, +. <'=' + (+/.) )+ *<' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' << '(**(<< ))' *) ;.+/, , << ' *<' *)*, ,+,&')',*<' '.*+ + *=' ?5@ )'. )' .+'(/)*+, .') *) ('- T' .+'(/)*+, ++' )' +)*+, *)*, ,+,&')',*<' '.*+ + *=' ?5@ .+ *) .'('*)I <'=' + (+/.) * ;.,)'! )' ((/' << *<' )' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' *)*, ,+,&')',*<' '.*+ + )', ?10@ .+ ,+)*('- T' .+'(/)*+, ++' )' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' *)*, **<. '.*+ .+ *) .'('*)T' +.'. ',*,; )' +)*+, +. <'=' + (+/.) )+ *<' '/..'. )+ '=*',(' +. )' '/..'. *)'< << ,+) ' .'=*'<' '< +. ('.)*+..* '+.' :/;',)
7*en &an 'o )ile a demrrer (o eviden&e< o Civil: a)(er (*e plain(i)) *a% &omple(ed pre%en(ing *i% eviden&e Criminal: a)(er (*e pro%e&(ion re%(% o o 'o need leave o) &or(< Criminal: no( reall', ( (*ere are %erio%, dire, and %%(an(ial &on%een&e% i) 'o do o no( %e&re leave o) &or($ !) 'o )ile wi(* leave o) &or( and i(% denied, (*e a&&%ed &an %(ill pre%en( eviden&e$ !) 'o )iled 7!HFU leave o) &or( and i(% denied, (*e a&&%ed will no( e ale (o pre%en( eviden&e$ Kdgmen( %*all e rendered$ Civil: no need )or leave o) &or( 4rememer (*e rle% o Can (*e &or( move )or a demrrer on i(% own< DESB !( &anB A% long a% i( give% (*e pro%e&(ion a &*an&e (o e *eard o 7*a( ao( mo(ion )or demrrer, *ow doe% (*a( wor3< 8ile wi(*in ? da'% )rom (*e (ime (*e pro%e&(ion re%(% 4NFN-E0EN!LE o Pro%e&(ion &an oppo%e (*e mo(ion wi(*in ? da'% )rom re&eip( 4NFN-E0EN!LE o !) leave i% gran(ed, a&&%ed *a% 1# da'% )rom no(i&e (o )ile (*e demrrer 4NFNo E0EN!LE o Pro%e&(ion &an oppo%e (*e demrrer 1# da'% ) rom re&eip( 4NFN-E0EN!LE !) (*e &riminal demrrer i% denied, w*a(% 'or remed'< o No(*ing$ K%( wai( )or 9dgmen($ Unle%%, /ALEK, %o Rle 6?$ 4a'ap v Sendiong, 2##5, w*ere (*e demrrer wa% gran(ed and (*e SC al%o rled (*a( no need (o remand (o (*e =C %in&e (*e 9dgmen( epre%%l' %(a(ed (*a( (*e a&( )rom w*i&* (*e &ivil liaili(' ma' ari%e did no( ei%(
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
7*a( i% (*e e))e&( o) a gran( o) demrrer< Civil: )inal di%po%i(ion o) (*e &a%e o Criminal: a&i((al o ( &ivil a%pe&( o) (*e &a%e 4%in&e i(% impliedl' in%(i((ed %*old %(ill e *eard o), nle%% (*e &or( rle% (*a( (*e )a&( )rom w*i&* (*e &ivil liaili(' wold ari%e doe% no( ei%($ 7*a( are (*e impli&a(ion%< *e a&&%ed &an %(ill pre%en( eviden&e on (*e &ivil a%pe&($ *e o))ended par(' &an appeal wi(*o( (*e &on)ormi(' o) (*e pli& pro%e&(ion$ Hen&e, w*en a 9dge gran(% a demrrer ( immedia(el' rle% on (*e &ivil a%pe&( o) (*e &a%e, (*i% wa% a viola(ion o) de pro&e%% o) (*e a&&%ed$ 4Sala.ar v People, 2##;, &ompare wi(* a'ap v Sendiong aove
S'(- 24- *eopening- % A) , )*' '+.' *,<*) + )' :/;',) + (+,=*()*+,! )' :/;' ! motu proprio +. /+, +)*+,! *) '.*,; *, '*)'. ('! .'+', )' .+(''*,; )+ =+* *(..*;' + :/)*('- T' .+(''*,; << ' )'.*,)' *)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ )' +.'. ;.,)*,; *)
Can (*ere e reopening o) (*e &a%e< De%B AND!=E e)ore )inali(' o) &onvi&(ion$ o Can e ' (*e &or( mo( propio or pon mo(ion 4wi(* *earing o 7*'< o avoid mi%&arriage o) 9%(i&e o How long e)ore (*e pro&eeding% (ermina(e< ;# da'% )rom gran( o
RULE 120 % JUDMENT S'()*+, 1- J/;',) '*,*)*+, , +.- % J/;',) * )' :/*()*+, )' (+/.) )) )' ((/' * ;/*<) +. ,+) ;/*<) + )' +',' (.;' , )' *+*)*+, +, * + )' .+'. ',<) , (*=*< <**<*)! * ,- I) /) ' .*))', *, )' +*(*< <,;/;'! '.+,<< , *.'()< .'.' )' :/;' , *;,' * , << (+,)*, (<'.< , *)*,()< ))'',) + )' () , )' < /+, *( *) * 'S'(- 2- C+,)',) + )' :/;',)- % I )' :/;',) * + (+,=*()*+,! *) << ))' ?1@ )' <';< B/<**()*+, + )' +',' (+,)*)/)' )' () (+*))' )' ((/' , )' ;;.=)*,; +. *)*;)*,; (*.(/),(' *( ))',' *) (+**+, ?2@ )' .)*(*)*+, + )' ((/' *, )' +','! ')'. .*,(*
7*a( %*old 9dgmen( &on(ain< o *e o))en%e Penal(' o Par(i&ipa(ion o Aggrava(ing or mi(iga(ing &ir&m%(an&e% o !) a&i((ed, w*e(*er: o *ere i% &omple(e non-liaili(' Rea%onale do( 8a&(% )rom w*i&* (*e &ivil liaili(' mig*( ari%e were no( &ommi((ed An a&i((al doe% no( ne&e%%aril' &arr' wi(* i( (*e e(ingi%*men( o) (*e &ivil liaili('$ *a(% w*' 9dgmen(% o) a&i((al are reired (o %(a(e w*e(*er eviden&e o) (*e o pro%e&(ion )ailed (o prove (*e gil( o) (*e a&&%ed or merel' )ailed (o prove i( e'ond a reaon%ale do($ 4C*ing v Ni&dao, 2##I, w*ere (*e o))ended par(' wa% en(i(led (o appeal (*e &ivil a%pe&( o) a P22 &a%e de%pi(e (*e a&i((al o) (*e a&&%ed$ !% (*ere a remed' again%( a&i((al< /R: No, i(% immedia(el' ee&(or'$ o
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
NF even an =R ' (*e pro%e&(ion$ E0: /AALEK, %o &er(iorari$ o Do )ile Rle 6? wi(* (*e &on)ormi(' o) (*e FS/$ ( i) in (*e =C, wi(* (*e &on)ormi(' o) (*e F))i&e o) (*e Pro%e&(or$
S'(- 3- J/;',) +. )+ +. +.' +','- % W', )+ +. +.' +',' .' (.;' *, *,;<' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, /) )' ((/' *< )+ +:'() )+ *) '+.' ).*
Read wi(* Rle 11#, Se& 1;
S'(- 4- J/;',) *, (' + =.*,(' ')'', <<';)*+, , .++- % W', )'.' * =.*,(' ')'', )' +',' (.;' *, )' (+<*,) +. *,+.)*+, , )) .+='! , )' +',' (.;' * *,(
7*a( *appen% i) (*ere% a di))eren&e e(ween (*e o))en%e &*arged in (*e &omplain(in)o and (*e o))en%e proved< Convi&( o) ei(*er (*e o o))en%e proved 4w*i&* m%( e in&lded in (*e o))en%e &*arged, or o))en%e &*arged 4w*i&* i% in&lded in (*e o))en%e proved a%i&all': (*e le%%er o))en%e, w*e(*er i( e (*e one proved or &*arged o Hen&e, one &an e &onvi&(ed o) grave &oer&ion in an in)o w*i&* &*arge% roer'$ 4Con%l(a v People, 2##5
S'(- 6- Promulgation of "udgment - % T' :/;',) * .+/<;)' .'*,; *) *, )' .'',(' + )' ((/' , , :/;' + )' (+/.) *, *( *) .','.'- H+'='.! * )' (+,=*()*+, * +. <*;) +','! )' :/;',) ' .+,+/,(' *, )' .'',(' + * (+/,'< +. .'.'',))*='- W', )' :/;' * ',) +. +/)*' )' .+=*,(' +. (*)! )' :/;',) ' .+/<;)' )' (<'. + (+/.)I )' ((/' * (+,*,' +. ')*,' *, ,+)'. .+=*,(' +. (*)! )' :/;',) ' .+/<;)' )' ''(/)*=' :/;' + )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) =*,; :/.**()*+, +='. )' <(' + (+,*,'',) +. ')',)*+, /+, .'B/') + )' (+/.) *( .','.' )' :/;',)- T' (+/.) .+/<;)*,; )' :/;',) << =' /)+.*) )+ ((') )' ,+)*(' + '< , )+ .+=' )' *< +, ',*,; '< .+=*'! )) * )' '(**+, + )' ).*< (+/.) (+,=*()*,; )' ((/' (,;' )' ,)/.' + )' +',' .+ ,+,&*<<' )+ *<<'! )' <*()*+, +. *< (, +,< ' *<' , .'+<=' )' '<<)' (+/.)-(, .+<' =*.)/< < <*.. T' .+'. (<'. + (+/.) << ;*=' ,+)*(' )+ )' ((/' '.+,<< +. ).+/; * +,, +. .', , (+/,'
!n &ivil &a%e%, 'o *ave 9dgmen( @%erved$ !n &riminal &a%e%, 'o *ave 9dgmen( @promlga(ed$ *a(% w*' 'o need no(i&e o) 9dgmen($ /R: *e a&&%ed m%( e pre%en( dring (*e promlga(ion o) (*e 9dgmen($ E0CEP: lig*( o))en%e% o 7*a( *appen% i) *e% no( (*ere wi(*o( 9%(i)iale &a%e<
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
He lo%e% (*e remedie% availale in (*e rle% and *e %*all e arre%(ed$ Can *e eplain< De%, wi(*in 1? da'%$ 7*o promlga(e%< o /R: Kdge w*o rled over (*e &a%e, or (*e &ler3 o) &or( 4i) 9dge i% a%en( or o(%ide (*e provin&e or &i(' E0CEP: !) a&&%ed &on)ined el%ew*ere, (*e ee&(ive 9dge in (*e RC w*o *a% 9ri%di&(ion over (*e pla&e o) &on)inemen( Can (*e appella(e &or(% do promlga(ion< o De%$ 7*en dl' &er(i)ied ' (*e divi%ion, i( will e )orwarded (o (*e &ler3 o) &or( w*o will give no(i&e o) promlga(ion on paper$ 7*ere do 'o )ile (*e no(i&e o) appeal and (*e ail< o o (*e &or( promlga(ing (*e 9dgmen( U, i) (*e de&i%ion ma3e% (*e o))en%e ailale 4)rom non-ailale, (*e ail appli&a(ion m%( e )iled wi(* (*e appella(e &or( w*o will re%olve i( o w*om %*old no(i&e o) promlga(ion e %erved< A% m&* a% po%%ile, (o (*e a&&%ed per%onall'$ o E0CEP: !) in 9ail: (o (*e warden !) o( on ail: (o (*e ond%man$ !) a( large: (o *i% la%( 3nown addre%% o
S'(- 7- M+**()*+, + :/;',)- % A :/;',) + (+,=*()*+, ! /+, +)*+, + )' ((/'! ' +**' +. ') *' '+.' *) '(+' *,< +. '+.' '< * '.'()'- E(') '.' )' ') ',<) * *+'! :/;',) '(+' *,< )'. )' <' + )' '.*+ +. '.'()*,; , '
Kdgmen( &an e modi)ied e)ore i( i% )inal and ee&(or'$ ( on&e )inal and no appeal i% per)e&(ed, i( &an no longer e modi)ied 4ama'o v People, o 2##J, w*ere an alleged &ompromi%e made a)(er (*e 9dgmen( e&ame )inal and ee&(or' wa% no( allowed (o modi)' (*e &riminal a%pe&( o) (*e &a%e$ E0CEP: Corre&(ion o) nn& pro (n& en(rie% or &leri&al error% !n &riminal &a%e%, w*en doe% i( e&ome )inal and ee&(or'< o A)(er lap%e o) period (o appeal o Sen(en&e *a% een par(iall' or (o(all' %a(i%)ied or %erved o A&&%ed waived *i% rig*( (o appeal A&&%ed applied )or proa(ion o
S'(- 8- 'ntry of "udgment - % A)'. :/;',) '(+' *,
7*en &an a&&%ed )ile a =R or a =N< An'(ime e)ore 9dgmen( o) &onvi&(ion e&ome% )inal$ o So (*a(% 1? da'%$
)+
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Ne'pe% rle i% appli&ale$ 4Smiran v ama%o, 2##5, So i) =R denied, 'o *ave )re%* 1? da'% (o appeal
How< o o
Cor( on i(% own in%(an&e ( wi(* &on%en( o) (*e a&&%ed, or Fn mo(ion o) (*e a&&%ed Can (*e pro%e&(ion )ile )or an =R or a =N< NF$
S'(- 2- rounds for a new trial. % T' (+/.) << ;.,) ,' ).*< +, , + )' +<<+*,; ;.+/,> ?@ T) '..+. + < +. *..';/<.*)*' .':/*(*< )+ )' /),)*< .*;) + )' ((/' =' '', (+*))' /.*,; )' ).*< ?@ T) ,' , )'.*< '=*',(' '', *(+='.' *( )' ((/' (+/< ,+) *) .'+,<' *<*;',(' =' *(+='.' , .+/(' ) )' ).*< , *( * *,).+/(' , *))' +/< .+< (,;' )' :/;',)
7*a( are (*e grond% )or =N< Error% o) lawirreglari(ie% pre9di&ing %%(an(ive rig*(% o) a&&%ed dring (rial o Newl' di%&overed eviden&e o Rei%i(e%: =a(erial Cold no( *ave een di%&overed and prod&ed wi(* rea%onale diligen&e 7old proal' &*ange (*e 9dgmen( A =N a%ed on newl' di%&overed NA eviden&e o) (*e a&&%ed wa% not gran(ed e&a%e (*e NA eviden&e wa% &apale o) eing di%&overed or pro&red dring (*e (rial$ 47ri( o) Haea% Corp% o) Re'naldo de illa, 2##> !) =N gran(ed, *ow long doe% (*e &or( *ave (o &ommen&e a new (rial< o ;# da'% )rom no(i&e o) %&* order o E(endale p (o 1J# da'% )rom no(i&e, i) (*e period i% impra&(i&al>I Can 'o )ile a =N in (*e CA< o De%, ( onl' a%ed on newl' di%&overed eviden&e$ 7*en< An'(ime )rom per)e&(ion o) (*e appeal n(il (*e &or( lo%e% 9ri%di&(ion$>J o
S'(- 3- round for reconsideration. % T' (+/.) << ;.,) .'(+,*'.)*+, +, )' ;.+/, + '..+. + < +. () *, )' :/;',)! *( .'B/*.' ,+ /.)'. .+(''*,;
7*a( are (*e grond% )or a =R< o Error% o) law or )a&( in (*e 9dgmen(, w*i&* reire% no )r(*er pro&eeding% Can 'o )ile an =R in (*e CA< o De%, ( 9%( on&e$
S'(- 4- Form of motion and notice to the prosecutor. % T' +)*+, +. ,' ).*< +. .'(+,*'.)*+, << ' *, .*)*,; , << ))' )' ;.+/, +, *( *) * '- I ' +, ,'<&*(+='.' '=*',('! )' +)*+, /) ' /+.)' *=*) + *),'' + /( '=*',(' * ''()' )+ ' ;*=', +. /< /)',)*()' (+*' + +(/',) *( .' .++' )+ ' *,).+/(' *, '=*',('N+)*(' + )' +)*+, +. ,' ).*< +. .'(+,*'.)*+, << ' ;*=', )+ )' .+'(/)+.S'(- 5- +earing on motion. % W'.' +)*+, +. ,' ).*< (<< +. .'+
)7
Rule 11-, Sec. *. 0ime limit folloing an order for ne trial. –
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?@ W', ,' ).*< * ;.,)' +, )' ;.+/, + '..+. + < +. *..';/<.*)*' (+*))' /.*,; )' ).*
7*a( are (*e e))e&(% o) gran(ing =R=N< o New (rial and gran(ed on error% o) law or irreglari(ie% in (rial: ever'(*ing %*all e %e( a%ide and (a3en anew New (rial and gran(ed on newl' di%&overed eviden&e: eviden&e alread' add&ed %*all o %(and, and new eviden&e will e &on%idered ALL &a%e%: original 9dgmen( %*all e %e( a%ide or va&a(ed and a new 9dgmen( rendered o a&&ordingl'
RULE 122 & APPEAL
a%i& rle: NF re&ord o) appeal in &riminal &a%e% Fnl' no(i&e o) appeal o
S'()*+, 1- Who may appeal - % A, .) '< .+ :/;',) +. *,< +.'.! /,<' )' ((/' *<< ' <(' *, +/<' :'+.
7*o ma' appeal< An' par(' ma' do %o, nle%% (*e a&&%ed will e pla&ed in dole 9eopard' o *a( mean%: *e a&&%ed o *e o))ended par(' o ( onl' a% regard% (*e &ivil a%pe&( o) (*e &a%e o People o) (*e P*ilippine% Li3e w*en a mo(ion (o a%* (*e in)orma(ion wa% gran(ed, (*e S(a(e &an appeal %in&e dole 9eopard' *a% no( %e( in 4= i% )iled E8FRE arraignmen( E))e&( o) appeal%: !n &ivil, &or( will onl' &on%ider (*e a%%ignmen( o) error% o !n &riminal &a%e%, (*e EN!RE &a%e i% open )or review$ o So (*e penal(' &an a&(all' e in&rea%ed on appeal$
S'(- 2- Where to appeal - % T' '< ' )', +<<+> ?@ T+ )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)! *, (' '(*' )' M').++<*), T.*< C+/.)! M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) *, C*)*'! M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.)! +. M/,*(*< C*.(/*) T.*< C+/.) ?@ T+ )' C+/.) + A'< +. )+ )' S/.'' C+/.) *, )' .+'. (' .+=*' <! *, (' '(*' )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) , ?(@ T+ )' S/.'' C+/.)! *, (' '(*' )' C+/.) + A'<S'(- 3- +ow appeal taen. % ?@ T' '< )+ )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)! +. )+ )' C+/.) + A'< *, (' '(*' )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) *, )' ''.(*' + *) +.*;*,< :/.**()*+,! << ' )', *<*,; ,+)*(' + '< *) )' (+/.) *( .','.' )' :/;',) +. *,< +.'. '<' .+ , '.=*,; (+ )'.'+ /+, )' ='.' .)?@ T' '< )+ )' C+/.) + A'< *, (' '(*' )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) *, )' ''.(*' + *) '<<)' :/.**()*+, << ' ')*)*+, +. .'=*' /,'. R/<' 42?(@ T' '< *, (' '.' )' ',<) *+' )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.) * reclusion perpetua! +. <*' *.*+,',)! +. '.' <''. ',<) * *+' /) +. +',' (+*))' +, )' ' +((*+, +. *( .+' +/) + )' ' +((/..',(' )) ;=' .*' )+ )' +.' '.*+/ +',' +. *( )' ',<) + ')! reclusion perpetua! +. <*' *.*+,',) * *+'! << ' ,+)*(' + '< )+ )' C+/.) + A'< *, ((+.,(' *) .;. ?@ + )* '()*+,?@ N+ ,+)*(' + '< * ,'('. *, (' '.' )' ') ',<) * *+' )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)- T' ' << ' /)+)*(<< .'=*'' )' C+/.) + A'< .+=*' *, '()*+, 10 + )* R/<'?'@ E(') .+=*' *, )' <) .;. + '()*+, 13! R/<' 124! << +)'. '< )+ )' S/.'' C+/.) << ' ')*)*+, +. .'=*' +, ('.)*+..* /,'. R/<' 45=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
This sace is allocated for dia1rams and drawin1s of the aeal rocess (draw your own na lan1'$:
=C de&ide% RC ia no(i&e o) appeal )iled in (*e =C o Convi&(ed o) a&(% o) la%&ivio%ne%% in =C, )ile no(i&e o) appeal in =C %o RC &an rle on (*e appeal Compare (o &ivil: w*ere re&ord o) appeal &an e %ed 4Rle ># o RC &an reire memoranda 4Rle 122, Se& 5 Same wi(* &ivil No *earing in RC %in&e a&(ing in i(% appella(e 9ri%di&(ion o RC de&ide% CA epend%: o RC a&(ing originall': ia no(i&e o) appeal )iled in (*e RC 4Rle >1 Applie% al%o i) penal(' impo%ed ' RC i% RP or L! !) dea(*, %(raig*( (o CA 4no need )or no(i&e o) appeal o Compared wi(* &ivil: re&ord o) appeal allowed Pro&edre in CA: 8ile appellan(% rie) wi(*in ;# da'%, appellee% rie) wi(*in ;# da'%, and repl' rie) wi(*in 2# da'% 4;#-;#-2#>5 4Rle 12> Compared wi(* &ivil: >?->?-2# 4Rle >> o RC a&(ing a% an appella(e &or(: ia pe(i(ion )or review nder Rle >2 Li3e w*en )iled originall' in =C and a))irmed in (*e RC Same wi(* &ivil o Can a de&i%ion )rom (*e RC go %(raig*( (o (*e SC< DES$ !) a%ed prel' on e%(ion% o) law$ U%e Rle >?$ CA de&ide% SC o /R: alwa'% via pe(i(ion )or review on &er(iorari nder Rle >? ?# 4pre e%(ion% o) law E0CEP:
)-
Rule 12), Sec. (. &hen rief for appellant to e filed. – Within thirty "(# days from receipt by the appellant or his counsel of the notice from the cler' of court of the 9ourt of /ppeals that the evidence, oral and documentary, is already attached to the record, the appellant shall file seven "7# copies of his brief ith the cler' of court hich shall be accompanied by proof of service of to "2# copies thereof upon the appellee. Sec. ). &hen rief for appellee to e filed$ reply rief of the appellant . – Within thirty "(# days from receipt of the brief of the appellant, the appellee shall file seven "7# copies of the brief of the appellee ith the cler' of court hich shall be accompanied by proof of service of to "2# copies thereof upon the appellant. Within tenty "2# days from receipt of the brief of the appellee, the appellant may file a reply brief traversing matters raised in the former but not covered in the brief of the appellant.
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w*en CA de&ide% penal(' i% RPL!, 4or o))en%e% &ommi((ed in (*e %ame o&&a%ion or %ame o&&rren&e w*i&* game ri%e (o (*e o))en%e o) RPL! remed' i% ' no(i&e o) appeal wi(* (*e CA (o (*e SC 4impor(an(B Fnl' in%(an&e w*en Rle >? i% no( %ed (o go p (o (*e SC on appeal %ame rle a% )rom S ?1 w*en CA de&ide% dea(*, i( will render ( NF en(er a 9dgmen( and &er(i)' (*e &a%e (o (*e SC$ *e &a%e o) (*e a&&ompli&e% and a&&e%%orie% will al%o e &er(i)ied o (o (*e SC$ S de&ide% SC 4no(e: S %ame level a% CA Penal(' i% le%% (*an dea(*li)eRP Rle >? (o SC o o Penal(' i% dea(* a(oma(i& review (o SC o Penal(' i% li)eRP no(i&e o) appeal (o (*e SC No(e: w*en (*e de&i%ion i% rai%ed (o (*e SC on no(i&e o) appeal 4RPL!, o(* e%(ion% on )a&(% and law &an e rai%ed$ oe% Rle >1, Se& 1 ?2 4enmera(e% w*en appeal i% pro*ii(ed appl' (o &riminal appeal%< o NF$ *a(% w*' 'o &an appeal a = regardle%% o) (*e grond availed o)$ Even i) (*e grond &an lead (o a %imple re-)iling, appeal i% %(ill availale$ 7*a( *appen% i) (*e a&&%ed %e% (*e wrong mode )or appeal< *e 9dgmen( will e&ome )inal and ee&(or' e&a%e (*e rnning o) (*e appeal period o will no( e (olled$ 4e% v People, 2##J, w*ere Rle 6? wa% %ed in%(ead o) a no(i&e o) appeal E0CEP: 7*en (*e in(ere%( o) 9%(i&e wold allow 4li3e w*en i( w*en (*e wrong mode o) appeal wa% done ' an indigen( w*o did no( *ave a law'er, a% w*a( *appened in e%
S'(- 6- When appeal to !e taen- % A, '< /) ' )', *)*, *)'', ?15@ .+ .+/<;)*+, + )' :/;',) +. .+ ,+)*(' + )' *,< +.'. '<' .+- T* '.*+ +. '.'()*,; , '< << ' /',' .+ )' )*' +)*+, +. ,' ).*< +. .'(+,*'.)*+, * *<' /,)*< ,+)*(' + )' +.'. +='../<*,; )' +)*+, '', '.=' /+, )' ((/' +. * (+/,'< ) *( )*' )' <,(' + )' '.*+ ';*, )+ ./,-
7*en<
o
1? da'% )rom promlga(ion o) (*e 9dgmen( or )rom no(i&e o) (*e )inal order appealed )rom
*
$etition for Revie to go to the S9 only applies from 9/ and S9. 9ompare to 9ivil 9ases here it can come from the R09, 9/, S>, 90/ en banc, etc. *1 Rule 12), Sec. 1(. 'ertification or appeal of case to the #upreme 'ourt. O"a# Whenever the 9ourt of /ppeals finds that the penalty of death should be imposed, the court shall render judgment but refrain from ma'ing an entry of judgment and forthith certify the case and elevate its entire record to the Supreme 9ourt for revie. "b# Where the judgment also imposes a lesser penalty for offenses committed on the same occasion or hich arose out of the same occurrence that gave rise to the more severe offense for hich the penalty of death is imposed, and the accused appeals, the appeal shall be included in the case certified for revie to, the Supreme 9ourt. "c#
Rule )1, Section 1. Subject of appeal.
/n appeal may be ta'en from a judgment or final order that completely disposes of the case, or of a particular matter therein hen declared by these Rules to be appealable. 5o appeal may be ta'en from! "a# /n order denying a motion for ne trial or reconsideration% "b# /n order denying a petition for relief or any simila r motion see'ing relief from judgment% "c# /n interlocutory order% "d# /n order disalloing or dismissing an appeal% "e# /n order denying a motion to set aside a judgment by consent, confession or compromise on the ground of fraud, mista'e or duress, or any other ground vitiating consent% "f# /n order of eecution% "g# / judgment or final order for or against one or more of several parties or in separate claims, counterclaims, cross:claims and third:party complaints, hile the main case is pending, unless the court allos an appeal therefrom% and "h# /n order dismissing an action ithout prejudice.
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S'(- 4- Service of notice of appeal - % I '.+,< '.=*(' + )' (+ + )' ,+)*(' + '< (, ,+) ' ' /+, )' ='.' .) +. * (+/,'
!) ml(iple a&&%ed: Fnl' one or %everal o) (*em 4( no( all appeal: will NF a))e&( (*o%e w*o did NF appeal o UNLESS )avorale and appli&ale (o (*em Appeal o) (*e o))ended par(' o) (*e &ivil a%pe&(: will NF a))e&( (*e &riminal a%pe&( o Upon per)e&(ion o) (*e appeal: ee&(ion %*all e %(a'ed ( onl' a% (o (*e appealing par(' o Si(a(ion: Aa, e(ine% and C*olorg were all &onvi&(ed )or *omi&ide$ Aad and eni(e% appealed %ing (*e &orre&( mode$ C*olorg, eing an or&, appealed ( %ed (*e wrong mode o) appeal$ C*olorg% &a%e wa% di%mi%%ed$ !n (*e mean(ime, Aad and eni(e% were a&i((ed on appeal$ 7ill i( ene)i( C*olorg< Hell noB o !( onl' ene)i(% i) one o) (*e a&&%ed ! NF appeal$ 4ide( v People, 2#1# o C*olorg appealed$ !( will no( ene)i( *im$
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
S'(- 12- Withdrawal of appeal. & N+)*)),*,; '.'()*+, + )' '
rial &or( &ler3 i% d(' ond (o a%&er(ain )rom (*e a&&%ed i) *e wan(% a &on%el de o))i&io )or an a&&%ed 4(*en &or( will appoin(: o Fn appeal, and o A&&%ed i% &on)ined in pri%on 7*a(re (*e o(*er in%(an&e% w*ere manda(or' (o give a &on%el de o))i&io< Upon arraignmen(, ( (*a(% ' (*e &or($ Read wi(* Rle 12>, Se& 2$ 4 appoin(men( ' (*e CA Al%o allowed ' (*e SC ( no( )ond in (*e rle%
RULE 123 & PROCEDURE IN THE MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS S'()*+, 1- niform Procedure- % T' .+('/.' )+ ' +'.=' *, )' M').++<*), T.*< C+/.)! M/,*(*< T.*< C+/.) , M/,*(*< C*.(/*) T.*< C+/.) << ' )' ' *, )' R';*+,< T.*< C+/.)! '(') '.' .)*(/<. .+=**+, <*' +,< )+ '*)'. + * (+/.) , *, (.**,< (' ;+='.,' )' R'=*' R/<' +, S/. P.+('/.'RULE 124 & PROCEDURE IN THE COURT OF APPEALS S'()*+, 1- Title of the case. % I, << (.**,< (' '<' )+ )' C+/.) + A'<! )' .) '<*,; )' (' << ' (<<' )' appellant , )' ='.' .) )' appellee, /) )' )*)<' + )' (' << .'*, *) *, )' (+/.) + +.*;*,S'(- 2- &ppointment of counsel de officio for the accused. % I *) '. .+ )' .'(+. + )' (' ).,*))' )) ?@ )' ((/' * (+,*,' *, .*+,! ?@ * *)+/) (+/,'< de parte +, '
Can a &on%el de o))i&io e named in (*e CA< o De%, i(% manda(or' w*en (*e a&&%ed: !% in pri%on !) *e% no( &on)ined, i (% no( manda(or' on (*e &or( !% wi(*o( &on%el de par(e on appeal, or Signed *i% own appeal
S'(- 3- When !rief for appellant to !e filed. % W*)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ .'('*) )' '<<,) +. * (+/,'< + )' ,+)*(' .+ )' (<'. + (+/.) + )' C+/.) + A'< )) )' '=*',('! +.< , +(/',).! * <.' ))(' )+ )' .'(+.! )' '<<,) << *<' '=', ?7@ (+*' + * .*' *) )' (<'. + (+/.) *( << ' ((+,*' .++ + '.=*(' + )+ ?2@ (+*' )'.'+ /+, )' '<<''S'(- 4- When !rief for appellee to !e filed; reply !rief of the appellant - % W*)*, )*.) ?30@ .+ .'('*) + )' .*' + )' '<<,)! )' '<<'' << *<' '=', ?7@ (+*' + )' .*' + )' '<<'' *) )' (<'. + (+/.) *( << ' ((+,*' .++ + '.=*(' + )+ ?2@ (+*' )'.'+ /+, )' '<<,)-
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
W*)*, )',) ?20@ .+ .'('*) + )' .*' + )' '<<''! )' '<<,) *<' .'< .*' ).='.*,; ))'. .*' *, )' +.'. /) ,+) (+='.' *, )' .*' + )' '<<,)S'(- 5- '(tension of time for filing !riefs- % E)',*+, + )*' +. )' *<*,; + .*' *<< ,+) ' <<+' '(') +. ;++ , /*(*',) (/' , +,< * )' +)*+, +. ')',*+, * *<' '+.' )' '*.)*+, + )' )*' +/;) )+ ' ')','S'(- 6- Form of !riefs- % ".*' << '*)'. ' .*,)'! ',(+' +. )'.*))', *, +/<' (' +, <';< *' ;++ B/<*) /,;<' '.! 330 - *, <',;) 216 - *, *)S'(- 7- )ontents of !rief - % T' .*' *, (.**,< (' << =' )' ' (+,)',) .+=*' *, '()*+, 13 , 14 + R/<' 44- A ('.)**' )./' (+ + )' '(**+, +. *,< +.'. '<' .+ << ' ',' )+ )' .*' + )' '<<,)S'(- 8- %ismissal of appeal for a!andonment or failure to prosecute. % T' C+/.) + A'< ! /+, +)*+, + )' '<<'' +. motu proprio , *) ,+)*(' )+ )' '<<,) *, '*)'. ('! ** )' '< * )' '<<,) *< )+ *<' * .*' *)*, )' )*' .'(.*' )* R/<'! '(') '.' )' '<<,) * .'.'',)' (+/,'< de officio. T' C+/.) + A'< <+! /+, +)*+, + )' '<<'' +. motu proprio! ** )' '< * )' '<<,) '(' .+ .*+, +. (+,*,'',)! :/ *< +. <'' )+ +.'*;, (+/,). /.*,; )' ',',( + )' '<
No(e: CA &an dimi%% an appeal motu roio or pon mo(ion: o 8ailre (o )ile rie) A&&%ed 9mp% ail, e%&ape% or )lee% (o a )oreign &on(r' o A% w*a( *appened in People v ar&, 2##5, w*i&* applied (*i% %e&(ion (o (*e SC a% well
S'(- 9- Prompt disposition of appeals. % A'< + ((/' + .' /,'. ')',)*+, << ' ;*=', .'('',(' *, )'*. *+*)*+, +='. +)'. '<- T' C+/.) + A'< << '. , '(*' )' '< ) )' '.<*') .()*(<' )*' *) /' .';. )+ )' .*;) + )' .)*'- T' ((/' ,'' ,+) ' .'',) *, (+/.) /.*,; )' '.*,; + )' '
CA &an re&eive eviden&e and &an re%olve )a&(al i%%e%$ !( &an even &ond&( new (rial%B o
S'(- 13- )ertification or appeal of case to the Supreme )ourt. ?@ W','='. )' C+/.) + A'< *, )) )' ',<) + ') +/< ' *+'! )' (+/.) << .','. :/;',) /) .'.*, .+ *,; , ',). + :/;',) , +.)*) ('.)* )' (' , '<'=)' *) ',)*.' .'(+. )+ )' S/.'' C+/.) +. .'=*'?@ W'.' )' :/;',) <+ *+' <''. ',<) +. +',' (+*))' +, )' ' +((*+, +. *( .+' +/) + )' ' +((/..',(' )) ;=' .*' )+ )' +.' '='.' +',' +. *( )' ',<) + ') * *+'! , )' ((/' '<! )' '< << ' *,(
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
CA impo%e% dea(*: i( %*old render 9dgmen( ( re)rain )rom ma3ing an en(r' o) 9dgmen($ Cer(i)' (*e &a%e (o (*e SC )or review$ CA impo%e% RP, L! or &rime% made in (*e o&&a%ion o) RPL!, (*erender and en(er 9dgmen( impo%ing %&* penal('$ o Kdgmen( (o e appealed (o (*e SC ' no(i&e o) appeal )iled wi(* (*e CA$
S'(- 14- 0otion for new trial. % A) , )*' )'. )' '< .+ )' <+'. (+/.) '', '.'()' , '+.' )' :/;',) + )' C+/.) + A'< (+,=*()*,; )' '<<,) '(+' *,
=N in CA: onl' on grond o) newl'-di%&overed eviden&e o !) gran(ed, CA &an: Cond&( (*e *earing on i(% own or Remand (*e &a%e (o (*e lower &or(
S'(- 16- *econsideration. % A +)*+, +. .'(+,*'.)*+, << ' *<' *)*, *)'', ?15@ .+ ,+)*(' + )' '(**+, +. *,< +.'. + )' C+/.) + A'< *) (+*' )'.'+ '.=' /+, )' ='.' .)! '))*,; +.) )' ;.+/, *, /+.) )'.'+- T' *))*/ << ' )' /.*,; )' ',',( + )' +)*+, +. .'(+,*'.)*+,- N+ .) << ' <<+' '(+, +)*+, +. .'(+,*'.)*+, + :/;',) +. *,< +.'.
=R in CA: onl' on&e allowedB
S'(- 17- /udgment transmitted and filed in trial court - % W', )' ',). + :/;',) + )' C+/.) + A'< * */'! ('.)**' )./' (+ + )' :/;',) << ' ))(' )+ )' +.*;*,< .'(+. *( << ' .',' )+ )' (<'. + )' (+/.) .+ *( )' '< )',- S'(- 18- &pplication of certain rules in civil procedure to criminal cases. % T' .+=**+, + R/<' 42! 44 )+ 46 , 48 )+ 56 .'<)*,; )+ .+('/.' *, )' C+/.) + A'< , *, )' S/.'' C+/.) *, +.*;*,< , '<' (*=*< (' << ' <*' )+ (.**,< (' *,+. )' .' <*(<' , ,+) *,(+,*)',) *) )' .+=**+, + )* R/<'
No(e (*a( Rle ?# i% appli&aleB *e%e are o(*er grond% )or di%mi%%al$?;
RULE 125 & PROCEDURE IN THE SUPREME COURT S'()*+, 1- niform Procedure- % U,<' +)'.*' .+=*' )' C+,)*)/)*+, +. <! )' .+('/.' *, )' S/.'' C+/.) *, +.*;*,< , *, '<' (' << ' )' ' *, )' C+/.) + A'<S'(- 2- *eview of decisions of the )ourt of &ppeals- % T' .+('/.' +. )' .'=*' )' S/.'' C+/.) + '(**+, *, (.**,< (' .','.' )' C+/.) + A'< << ' )' ' *, (*=*< ('S'(- 3- %ecision if opinion is equally divided. % W', )' S/.'' C+/.) en !anc * 'B/<< *=*' *, +*,*+, +. )' ,'('. :+.*) (,,+) ' +, ')'. )+ (B/*) )' '<<,)! )' (' << ;*, ' '<*'.)' /+, , * ,+ '(**+, * .'(' )'. .'&'<*'.)*+,! )' :/;',) + (+,=*()*+, + <+'. (+/.) << ' .'='.' , )' ((/' (B/*))'*(
R@D * C
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
RULE 126 & SEARCH AND SEIKURE S'()*+, 1- Search warrant defined - % A '.( ..,) * , +.'. *, .*)*,; */' *, )' ,' + )' P'+<' + )' P*<**,'! *;,' :/;' , *.'()' )+ '(' +*('.! (+,*,; * )+ '.( +. '.+,< .+'.) '(.*' )'.'*, , .*,; *) '+.' )' (+/.)S'(- 2- )ourt where application for search warrant shall !e filed. % A, <*()*+, +. '.( ..,) << ' *<' *) )' +<<+*,;> ?@ A, (+/.) *)*, +' )'..*)+.*< :/.**()*+, (.*' (+*))'@ F+. (+'<<*,; .'+, ))' *, )' <*()*+,! , (+/.) *)*, )' :/*(*< .';*+, '.' )' (.*' (+*))' * )' <(' + )' (+**+, + )' (.*' * ,+,! +. , (+/.) *)*, )' :/*(*< .';*+, '.' )' ..,) << ' ',+.('H+'='.! * )' (.**,< ()*+, <.' '', *<'! )' <*()*+, << +,< ' ' *, )' (+/.) '.' )' (.**,< ()*+, * ',*,;
Sear&* warran( i%: o Frder in wri(ing !%%ed in (*e name o) (*e People o Signed ' a 9dge o ire&(ing a pea&e o))i&er (o %ear&* )or per%onal proper(' de%&ried (*erein o And ring %&* proper(' (o (*e &or( o *e appli&a(ion )or a %ear&* warran( i% a %pe&ial &riminal pro&e%%$ 7*ere do 'o appl' )or a %ear&* warran(< Cor( wi(* (erri(orial 9d over (*e &rime o 8or &ompelling rea%on%, o an' &or( wi(*in (*e 9di&ial region o) (*e &rime Fr an' &or( w*ere (*e warran( will e en)or&ed Eample o) &ompelling rea%on: &rime &ommi((ed ' an in)len(ial pli& o))i&er o) %aid l&oali(' !mpor(an(: ( i) &riminal a&(ion *ad alread' een )iled, appl' onl' in (*a( &or( w*ere &a%e i% pending *e pla&e o) man)a&(re o) )a3e good% are in Cavi(e, ( i(% %old in San Kan$ 7*ere do 'o appl'< Ei(*er o) (*e (wo pla&e%$ o Can a %ear&* warran( applied )or in C or =anila e implemen(ed o(%ide o) i(% (erri(orial 9ri%di&(ion< /R: NF$ o E0CEP: A !P Code !llegal po%%e%%ion o) )irearm% !llegal gamling Heino% &rime% A=LA iola(ion o) (ari)) and &%(om% &ode 8or (*e%e &rime%, 'o *ave (o appl' e)ore an ee&(ive 9dge in o =anila or C$ *en i( will e e))e&(ive an'w*ere$ 4=arimla v People, 2##5, &i(ing A= 55-1#-#5-SC An appli&a(ion )or a S7 i% no( a &riminal a&(ion$ o !(% a %pe&ial 9di&ial pro&e%%$
S'(- 3- Personal property to !e sei1ed - % A '.( ..,) ' */' +. )' '.( , '*/.' + '.+,< .+'.)> ?@ S/:'() + )' +',' ?@ S)+<', +. ''<' , +)'. .+(''! +. ./*) + )' +',' +. ?(@ U' +. *,)',' )+ ' /' )' ', + (+*))*,; , +','
7*a( &an e (*e %9e&( o) % %ear&* warran(< S9e&( o) o))en%e o S(olen or eme..led or )ri(% o) (*e o))en%e o U%ed or in(ended (o e %e a% (*e mean% o) &ommi((ing (*e o))en%e o oe% (*e warran( *ave (o %pe&i)' (*e an(i(' o) drg%<
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
No$ w*a( i% reired i% (*a( (*e o9e&( o) (*e %ear&* e de%&ried wi(* par(i&lari('$ So, an @nde(ermined amon( o) %*a i% valid$ Sppo%ing a poli&eman *ad a %ear&* warran( )or pira(ed % ( e)ore en)or&ing i(, *e %aw a %(a%* o) drg%$ 7ill (*ere e a valid %ear&* and %ei.re o) (*e drg%< o De%, nder (*e plain view do&(rine$ o o
S'(- 4- *equisites for issuing search warrant - % A '.( ..,) << ,+) */' '(') /+, .+<' (/' *, (+,,'()*+, *) +,' '(**( +',' )+ ' ')'.*,' '.+,<< )' :/;' )'. '*,)*+, /,'. +) +. *.)*+, + )' (+<*,,) , )' *),' ' .+/('! , .)*(/<.< '(.**,; )' <(' )+ ' '.(' , )' )*,; )+ ' '*' *( ' ,'.' *, )' P*<**,'S'(- 5- '(amination of complainant; record - % T' :/;' /)! '+.' */*,; )' ..,)! '.+,<< '*,' *, )' +. + '.(*,; B/')*+, , ,'.! *, .*)*,; , /,'. +)! )' (+<*,,) , )' *),'' ' .+/(' +, () '.+,<< ,+, )+ )' , ))( )+ )' .'(+. )'*. +., ))'',)! )+;')'. *) )' *=*) /*))'S'(- 6- 2ssuance and form of search warrant. % I )' :/;' * )**' + )' '*)',(' + () /+, *( )' <*()*+, * ' +. )) )'.' * .+<' (/' )+ '<*'=' )) )' '*)! ' << */' )' ..,)! *( /) ' /),)*<< *, )' +. .'(.*' )'' R/<'
!( i% (*e 9dge, no( (*e pro%e&(or, w*o de(ermine% proale &a%e$ Kdge need% (o per%onall' eamine (*e &omplainan(appli&an( and wi(ne%%e% nder oa(* or o a))irma(ion$ *e appli&an( m%( *ave per%onal 3nowledge o) (*e )a&(%$ A %ear&* warran( &an NF e i%%ed on *ear%a' %(a(emen(% o) (*e appli&an($ =%( do %o ' %ear&*ing e%(ion%$ 4Rememer K%(i&e Saio w*o i%%ed onl' 2 %ear&* o warran(% (*rog*o( *i% en(ire &areer *e pla&e m%( (o e %ear&*ed m%( e de%&ried wi(* par(i&lari('$ So i) w*a( will e %ear&*ed i% an apar(men(, give (*e nmer o) (*e apar(men($ o !) w*a( wa% %ear&*ed wa% (*e wrong apar(men(, (*e %ear&*, ie implemen(a(ion, i% invalid$ 4( (*e warran( i% valid$ Rememer (*e Con%(i &a%e% on per%onal 3nowledge o) (*e o))i&er w*o gave (*e wrong addre%%$ 7*a( i) no wa' (o de%&rie wi(* par(i&lari(' 4li3e in a provin&e< o Po%%ile (o %a' @M= ;#$ ( won( appl' (o &i(ie% or mni&ipali(ie% %in&e (*ere are *ave %(ree( name% naman$ *e (*ing% (o e %ei.ed m%( al%o e de%&ried wi(* par(i&lari('$ ( i( i% NF reired (*a( (*e (*ing% (o e %ei.ed m%( e de%&ried in pre&i%e and min(e o de(ail$ o e%(: w*e(*er (*e (*ing% de%&ried are limi(ed (o (*o%e w*i&* ear dire&( rela(ion (o (*e o))en%e )or w*i&* (*e warran( i% i%%ed$ 4C*an v Honda =o(or%, 2##I, w*ere (*e %ear&* warran( wa% )or @7ave mo(or&'&le%, and w*a( wa% %ei.ed were @7ave 11# S and @7ave 12? S mo(or&'&le%$ SC allowed i($ Ra(ionale )or need o) par(i&lari(': o Readil' iden(i)' (*e proper(ie% (o e %ei.ed Leave (*e poli&e wi(* no di%&re(ion regarding w*a( i% (o e %ei.ed and (*% preven( nrea%onale %ear&*e% and %ei.re% !mpor(an(: one %ear&* warran( one %pe&i)i& o))en%e o Hen&e, w*en (*e %ear&* warran( wa% i%%ed )or roer', ( (*e in)orma(ion )or roer' wa% a%*ed$ *e i(em% %ei.ed (*rog* %aid %ear&* warran( &an NF e %ed )or re-)iling an in)orma(ion o) ali)ied (*e)( a%ed on (*e %ame &a%e$ 4S' an v S' iong Do need (o pro&re a new %ear&* warran($ (, i) (*ere are (wo %epara(e &a%e% per(aining (o one par(i&lar proper(', and (*a( o proper(' wa% alread' %ei.ed ' a %ear&* warran( in one &a%e, (*en (*e proper(' need onl' e iden(i)ied (o e %ed in (*e %e&ond &a%e$ 4A(('$ ranil /n wa% %ed (o 3ill Lilie(*$ !( wa% al%o %ed in ano(*er o&&a%ion (o ro a an3$ !( wa% %ei.ed in a %ear&* warran( &onne&(ed (o (*e mrder &a%e o) Lilie(*$ !) an
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
in)orma(ion )or roer' were (o e )iled in (*e )(re, no need )or ano(*er %ear&* warran( (o ge( (*e gn, i( need onl' e iden(i)ied$ 7*ere el%e i% proale &a%e needed< Preliminar' inve%(iga(ion o 7arran(le%% arre%(% 4&rime 9%( een &ommi((ed o 7arran( o) arre%( o Sear&* and %ei.re% o
S'(- 7- *ight to !rea door or window to effect search - % T' +*('.! * .'/' *)),(' )+ )' <(' + *.'()' '.( )'. ;*=*,; ,+)*(' + * /.+' , /)+.*)! .' +', , +/)'. +. *,,'. ++. +. *,+ + +/' +. , .) + +/' +. ,)*,; )'.'*, )+ ''(/)' )' ..,) )+ <*'.)' *'< +. , '.+, </<< **,; * ', /,</<< ')*,' )'.'*,S'(- 8- Search of house, room, or premises to !e made in presence of two witnesses. % N+ '.( + +/'! .++! +. , +)'. .'*' << ' ' '(') *, )' .'',(' + )' </< +((/,) )'.'+ +. , ''. + * *< +. *, )' ',(' + )' <))'.! )+ *),'' + /*(*',) ;' , *(.')*+, .'**,; *, )' ' <+(<*)- =*.)/< < <*.. S'(- 9- Time of maing search- % T' ..,) /) *.'() )) *) ' '.=' *, )' )*'! /,<' )' *=*) '.) )) )' .+'.) * +, )' '.+, +. *, )' <(' +.'.' )+ ' '.('! *, *( (' *.'()*+, ' *,'.)' )) *) ' '.=' ) , )*' + )' +. ,*;)
How (o implemen(: o))i&er &an rea3 door or window% o *a% (o e made in (*e pre%en&e o) (*e law)l o&&pan(, or an' memer o) *i% )amil', or o (wo wi(ne%%e% o) %))i&ien( age and di%&re(ion re%iding in (*e %ame lo&ali(' generall' %erved in (*e da' 4&ompare (o arre%( w*i&* &an e done an' (ime o nle%% a))idavi( a%%er(% (*a( proper(' i% on (*e per%on or in (*e pla&e (o e %ear&*ed, a( nig*( pwede
S'(- 10- 3alidity of search warrant - % A '.( ..,) << ' =<* +. )', ?10@ .+ *) )'T'.')'.! *) << ' =+*
Sear&* warran( la%(% )or onl' 1# da'%$
S'(- 11- *eceipt for the property sei1ed - % T' +*('. '**,; )' .+'.) /,'. )' ..,) /) ;*=' ')*<' .'('*) +. )' ' )+ )' </< +((/,) + )' .'*' *, +' .'',(' )' '.( , '*/.' '.' '! +. *, )' ',(' + /( +((/,)! /)! *, )' .'',(' + ) <') )+ *),'' + /*(*',) ;' , *(.')*+, .'**,; *, )' ' <+(<*)! <'=' .'('*) *, )' <(' *, *( ' +/, )' '*' .+'.)
!mplemen(ing o))i&er m%( give a de(ailed re&eip( o) (*e good% %ei.ed o (o (*e lo&al o&&pan( or o in *i% a%en&e, leave i( in (*e pla&e w*ere *e %ei.ed (*e proper(', in (*e pre%en&e o) a( lea%( 2 wi(ne%%e% =oreover, (*e 2-wi(ne%% rle applie% onl' (o %ear&*e% made nder a(*ori(' o) a %ear&* warran( o o) a *o%e, room or o(*er premi%e% o w*ere (*e o&&pan( or *i% )amil' i% a%en($ o oe% (*e 2-wi(ne%% rle appl' (o %ei.re o) dangero% drg%<
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am+dg Remedial Law Review: Prov Rem, SCA, and Crimpro
o
NF$ 8ollow Se& 21 o) (*e A$ ?> 4in&o( v People 2##5, w*ere drg% were %ei.ed via a '-%( opera(ion and wa% no( %ei.ed in%ide a *o%e
S'(- 12- %elivery of property and inventory thereof to court; return and proceedings thereon. % ?@ T' +*('. /) +.)*) '<*='. )' .+'.) '*' )+ )' :/;' + */' )' ..,)! )+;')'. *) )./' *,=',)+. )'.'+ /< ='.**' /,'. +)?@ T', ?10@ )'. */,(' + )' '.( ..,)! )' */*,; :/;' << ('.)*, * )' .')/., '', '! , * ,+,'! << /+, )' '.+, )+ + )' ..,) */' , .'B/*.' * )+ '<*, ,+ .')/., '- I )' .')/., '', '! )' :/;' << ('.)*, ')'. '()*+, 11 + )* R/<' '', (+<*' *) , << .'B/*.' )) )' .+'.) '*' ' '<*='.' )+ *- T' :/;' << '' )+ *) )) /'()*+, ?@ '.'+ '', (+<*' *)?(@ T' .')/., +, )' '.( ..,) << ' *<' , ') )' (/)+*, + )' <+; ++ +, '.( ..,) + << ',)'. )'.'*, )' )' + )' .')/.,! )' .'/<)! , +)'. ()*+, + )' :/;'A =*+<)*+, + )* '()*+, << (+,)*)/)' (+,)') + (+/.)
Normall', (*e inven(or' &an e done in (*e &or( or poli&e %(a(ion$ ( in A &a%e%, (*e inven(or' m%( e made a( (*e %&ene o) (*e &rime$ o =oreover, (*e &*ain o) &%(od' rle m%( e )ollowed$ 4People v de Leon, w*erein (*e &op% did no( )ollow Se& 21 o) A (o (*e le((er ( (*e &or( admi((ed (*e drg% e&a%e (*e in(egri(' o) (*e pro&edre wa% e%(ali%*ed %%(an(iall'
S'(- 13- Search incident to lawful arrest - % A '.+, </<< ..')' ' '.(' +. ,;'.+/ '+, +. ,)*,; *( =' '', /' +. (+,)*)/)' .++ *, )' (+**+, + , +',' *)+/) '.( ..,)
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CC/ Section 21. 9ustody and Cisposition of 9onfiscated, Sei&ed, and?or Surrendered Cangerous Crugs, $lant Sources of Cangerous Crugs, 9ontrolled $recursors and Dssential 9hemicals, oard shall dra up the guidelines on the manner of proper disposition and destruction of such item?s hich shall be borne by the offender! $rovided, 0hat those item?s of laful commerce, as determined by the >oard, shall be donated, used or recycled for legitimate purposes! $rovided, further, 0hat a representative sample, duly eighed and recorded is retained% "*# 0he >oard shall then issue a sorn certification as to the fact of destruction or burning of the subject item?s hich, together ith the representative sample?s in the custody of the $CD/, shall be submitted to the court having jurisdiction over the case. oard% "+# 0he alleged offender or his?her representative or counsel shall be alloed to personally observe all of the above proceedings and his?her presence shall not constitute an admission of guilt. oard of the final termination of the case and, in turn, shall re;uest the court for leave to turn over the said representative sample?s to the $CD/ for proper disposition and destruction ithin tenty:four "2)# hours from receipt of the same% and "# 0ransitory $rovision! a# Within tenty:four "2)# hours from the effectivity of this /ct, dangerous drugs defined herein hich are presently in possession of la enforcement agencies shall, ith leave of court, be burned or destroyed, in the presence of representatives of the 9ourt, C6I, Cepartment of Bealth "C6B# and the accused?and or his?her counsel, and, b# $ending the organi&ation of the $CD/, the custody, disposition, and burning or destruction of sei&ed?surrendered dangerous drugs provided under this Section shall be implemented by the C6B.
=i&3e' !ngle% >C A(eneo Law 2#12 A((' ranil 4and %ome %()) )rom A((' /evarra
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