R E E GI O O N N -X Bukidnon,Misamis Oriental,
Misamis Occidental, Camiguin and Camiguin
Geographical Features
Geographical Location
- It has has a total total land land area area of of 14,033 sq. kms. and Cagayan de Oro is its regional capital.
- Its ea east steern bou ounnda dary ry isis Surigao del Sur, This region has broad interior plains, as well as mountains and an extensive plateau.
Bukidnon
Province:Bukidnon Capital:: Mala Capital Malaybal ybalay ay City Divisions: Highly urbanized Cities: 0 Component Cities: 2 Municipalities: 20 Barangays: 464 Area: 6th largest
Total:l: 8,29 Tota 8,293.8 3.8 km km22 (3,202 (3,202 sq mi mi)) Founded: March 10, 1917 Spoken languages: Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Binukid Governor: Jose Maria R. Zubiri
Congressional Disctricts: 3 Population: Popul ation: 24th largest largest Total: (2007)1 (2007)1,190,284 ,190,284 Density Dens ity:: 128 128 /k /km² m² (332 (332 /s /sqq mi) (22nd lowest)
Bukidnon Bukidnon is a highland paradise in the heart of Mindanao. Mindana o. It is home to the world's biggest ineapple plantation plantation (Del Monte Phils.) boasting a classic golf course dating back to 1928. It is the biggest cattle-producing cattle-producing province in the region. It is well endowed with natural natural attractions like the Kitanglad Ranges that includes Dulang Dulang, the second highest peak in the country. And it has been identified identified as one of the country·s richest in biodiversity and endemic species of flora and fauna. Bukidnon Sugar Milling Corp. and Crystal Sugar Milling are into sugar milling and refining.
The costume style varies with each tribal group. The A gusanon Umpak o Illianon Kumbala, the jacket for both men and women, is closed, so that it is pulled over the head. Among the Tigwahanon, the women wear the pakabu, a blouse with flared sleeves: the men wear the binukad, the typical Manobo jacket.
Camiguin
Are rea: a:
2nd sma 2nd smalllles estt Total: 229.8 km² Found Fo unded: ed: 156 15655 Spoken language languages:s: Cebuano, Kinamigin Governor: Jurdin Jesus Romualdo
Province: Provinc e: Cami Camigui guinn Capita Cap ital:l: Mamb Mambabja abjaoo Divisions: Highly urbanized City: 0 Component City: 0 Municipalities: 5 Barangays: 58 Congressional districts: 1 Populat Popu lation: ion: 2nd smallest smallest Total: (2007)74,232 Density: 323/km² (16th highest)
The men's headgear is the tengkulu, a piece of cloth which they bind around their head. Those worn for special occasions are adorned with beads, yarn, goats hair, and feathers.
Camiguin It is said to be "Born of Fire". It has seven volcanoes unmatched anywhere else in Southeast Asia. It is a tiny island of lush forests, volcanic splendor, s plendor, eternal hot and cold natural springs, pristine patches of black and white beaches, majestic waterfalls, exotic marine life, blue-ridge mountains, serene surroundings, surroundin gs, idyllic lifestyle; it has a glorious past, and is inhabited with jovial people. Among the Province's major products are coconut, cassava, banana, camote, palay, corn, fruits, coffee, abaca and vegetables. Camiguin is proud of its natural resources, which include sulfur deposits, geothermal energy, energy, agricultural lands and fishing grounds.
Lanao
del norte
rea: a: 43r 43rdd larges largestt Are Total: 3,092.0 km² Founded: Found ed: June 6, 1952 Spoken Spok en languag languages: es: Cebuan Cebuano, o, Maranao Governor: Hon. Khalid Quibranza-Dimaporo
Province:: Lanao del Norte Province Norte Capita Cap ital:l: Tub Tubod od Divisions: Highly urbanized cities: 1 Component cities: 0 Municipalities: 22 Barangays: 506 Congressional districts: 2 Population Popu lation:: 3nd highest highest in Region X Total: (2007)836,329 Density: 270/km² (2nd lowest in Region X)
Hanging from each ear of the woman is a wooden disk, 3 cm in diameter and laminated with silver, gold, or beaten brass wire. Red cotton yarn passes through the hole in the ear disk and the hole in the ear lobe, with tuft of the cotton yarn left over the ear hole.
Lanao
del Norte
A griculture, fishing, and forestry are the
dominant sources of livelihood. It is a major producer of fruit and commercial crops like bananas, bananas, coconut, corn, and rice. The harnessing of the Maria Cristina Falls as a source of power has spurred the industrial growth of Iligan. Today, it has large industrial establishments that manufacture steel, bricks, cement, wheat flour, and coconut oil, among others. Iligan, however, remains largely agricultural in terms of land area.
Misamis
Occidental
Area: 19th smallest
Total:: 1, Total 1,93 939. 9.33 km km22 (74 (7499 sq mi mi)) Founded: Foun ded: Nove November mber 8, 192 19299 Spoken Spo ken languag language: e: Cebuan Cebuanoo Governor: Gover nor: Lore Loreto to Leo S. Ocampos
Province Provi nce:: Mis Misami amiss Occidental Capital: Capi tal: Oroqu Oroquieta ieta City Divisions: Highly urbanized cities: 0 Component cities: 3 Municipalities: 14 Barangays: 490 Congressional districts: 2 Population Popu lation:: 28th small smallest est Total: (2007)500,000 Densit Den sity: y: 251 251 /km /km²² (650 (6 50 /sq mi mi)) (27 (27th th hig highes hest) t)
Embroidery is profuse on the
front of the blouse. Bands of embroidery is alternating colors cover the seams and the oval-shaped neckline. No embroidery is done on the hemline.
Misamis
Occidental
The economy depends firstly on fishing, secondly on coconuts, thirdly on rice. The province has 169 km of coastline fronting the rich fishing grounds gro unds of Panguil and Iligan bays. It also has the biggest area of brackish-water brackish-water fishponds in the region. Tangub is a fishing port on o n Panguil Bay famous for seafood. Coconut is the chief crop. This T his is processed into oil, desiccated coconut, and coir, most of which are shipped to Cebu Cebu.. Coconut processing is the main industry in Oroquieta. O roquieta. Other crops grown are rice, corn, abaca abaca,, coffee, cacao and rubber.
Misamis
Oriental
Area: 36th largest
Total: 3,570.0 km² Spoken languages: Cebuano Governor: Oscar Moreno
Province Provi nce:: Mis Misami amiss Occidental Capital: Cagayan de Oro City Divisions Highly urbanized cities: 1 Component cities: 2 Municipalities: 23 Barangays: 502 Congressional districts: 2 Population: 19th largest Total: (2000) 1,126,215 Density: 315/km² (17th highest)
Balungkag are necklaces made of multicolored small seed beads, small shells, crocodile teeth, coins, or multicolored glass beads strung together to make geometric patterns.
The women wear armlets so numerous that they can fill up the whole forearm. Highly prized armlets are those made of sagai-sagai because these are believed to contract around the wearer's arm to warn of impending danger.
Misamis Oriental Watersports and and fine beaches, cave exploration and ethnic settlements, seas seas and beaches offer a limitless adventure. adventure. Go scuba diving at Duka Bay and Mantangale, Mantangale, also a primary dolphin and whale shark watching destination. Find glorious hideaways in the white sand beaches of Midway Beach, Maputi White Beach, and Opol Beach Fronts. Go white water rafting and tubing in the rapids of Cagayan de Oro River, one of the longest rivers in Mindanao. Or simply get picturehappy at the San Isidro/Sagpolon, Palalan, and Tiklas waterfalls as well as Sapong Spring and the Cold Spring at Lagonglong.
Northern Province Capital
Mind anao
Highly Compon Municipaliti Barang Populati Urbani ent es ays on zed City (2007) City
Area
Bukkid Bu idno nonn Mala layb ybaala 0 y
2
20
464
1,190,28 4
8,293.8km2 (3,202 (3, 202 sq mi)
Camiguin Mambajao 0
0
5
58
74,232
229.8 km²
Lanao del Tubod Norte
1
0
22
506
836,329
3,092.0 km²
Oroquieta 0
3
14
490
500,000
1,939.3 km2 (749 (7 49 sq mi mi))
2
23
502
1,126,21 5
3,570.0 km²
Misamis Occide ntal
Misamis Cagayan Oriental de Oro
1
limate limate
C
Rainfall in Northern Mindanao is evenly distributed throughout the year. Its abundant vegetation, natural springs and high elevation contribute to the region·s cool, mild and invigorating climate.
Natural Resources
Its seas abound with fish and other marine products. More than 60% are classified as forestland. The region is the country·s third largest producer of corn and banana.
Economy
Del Monte Philippines, Inc. is the largest industry operation and Nestlé Philippines, Inc.'s ASEAN regional manufacturing center for milk powder. As the Hanjin Corporation's US$2-billion shipbuilding facility comes online over the next 10 years, more upstream and downstream industries are expected to take root, joining the 30 or so industries now operating in the Phividec Industrial Estate-Misamis Oriental.
B
rief History
The majority of the region·s reg ion·s inhabitants are migrants from Cebu and Iloilo. There are also Waray-warays, Tagalogs and the indigenous Maranaos. Population: 2,738,000 in 2007 Oral tradition and records about the introduction of Islam into Mindanao give us a clue to the history of pre-Spanish Manobo.
Their ancestors inhabited the lower valley of the Pulangi River in central central Mindan Mindanao. ao. In the 14th century, Sharif Kabungsuan, a muslim missionary, arrived from Johore, to convert the people. According to oral tradition, the Manobo's
leaders were two borthers: borthers:Tabunaw Tabunaway ay and Mumalu. They lived by a creek, Banobo , which flowed into the Mindanao River near the present site of Cotabato City.
Tw o brothers wh om om are Manobo leaders:
i. Tabunawa y- h isis group become Livung an anea, some ar e Kr int eke eken, Mulitaa, Kulamanen, and T enenenen. ii. Mamal u h isis g r r oup oup becam e Ma guindanao Chr isist ianized Manobo t owns w er e establ isish ed bye 1877, but t th th ese ese w ou ould sh ortl y af t t er be aband oned d and and ra razed d t t o th e g r r ou ound bye th e convert ed Manobo th em se sel ves, ves, wh o w ou ould ld th th en f l l ee ee t o th e m ou ountains and and r r eve evert rt t t o th ei eir old ld wa wa ys.
Dabao manobo chieftain considered as hero of legends recounting his fantastic feats by a giant. Four worlds of Manobo Cosmology: i. lan langit git - sky worl worldd ii. yongsod yongsod to mamasa mamasakk - eart earthh world iii. yongsod yongsod ni ni maybowan maybowan - un underworl derworldd iv. kaluagan the paradise where the epic heroes dwell.
It was during the American colonial period that significant changes occurred in the Manobo way of life. WWII hastened acculturation because
lowlanders evacuated to the mountains to escape the Japanese.
oocial cial Organizations
S
*
*
*
*
Compact villages traditionally have three or four datu or timuay timua y (chieftain). The subgroup Manobo did not develop a datuship system. Marriage is traditionally by parental arrangement. Manobo house is a rectangular one-room leaving continuous window between top of walls and roof not only fore ventilation but laos for defense purposes.
Four classes of traditional social culture: i. bagani defended the community ii. baylan male or female priest and healer iii. commoners farmers iv. slaves seized in raids
aamulan festival
K
inalbal Festival
B
uubayan bayan keg S ubanon ubanon Festival
S
inalak Festival
iyandi Festival iyandi
D
agayhaan Festival
K
Lanzones Festival
uustoms stoms and Traditions
C
Busaw is attracted by the blood of childbirth.
The ginsa ("asking") begins with the girl's representative offering betel chew, which the boy's representative politely refuses until negotiations for the kagun (bridewealth) begin. All the groom's relatives, especially the datu/bai related to the groom's family, will contribute to the kagun. The wedding date is determined by the length of the groom's family will need to raise the kagun.
Polygamy, although rarely practised, was allowed. A datu might resort to it, usually for economic and political reasons. The man could take another wife only if the first wife and her parents consented. The fist wife remained the head wife.
Initially, the young couple stay with the wife's family. However, as their family grows, they build their own house, close to the parents of either one. When the husband builds a house, certain taboos must be observed. If he sneezes while looking for a site, he should stop and forego the search for fo r another day. If the cry of the limokon (omen bird/dove) is heard while he is clearing the site, he must look for another site.
When he digs holes for the posts, he must avoid
unearthing earthworms, termites, or beetles, for unearthing these will cause many deaths in the house. The T he posts must have no disfigurements because because these will cause deaths in the family, no vines wrapped around them because this means that the owner will die by hanging, and no broken parts because this means that the wife will die. The roof's gable should face east so that the occupants' life "will be like the shining of the sun" (Polenda 1989:79).
There is much wailing and shouting, and the agung (gong) is constantly beaten to announce the death to everyone within the hearing distance. The number of beats indicates the dead person's age, status and social position.
A man is buried facing
the east so that the sunrise will signal to him that it is time to work.
A woman is buried facing
the west so that the sunset will remind her that it is time to cook.
Literary Works
Riddles mun edtibasan nune vasag ne
E
cut into it, it's it 's a bow; If you edlambas ne linew. (Sikan is luvi) If you pierce it, it's a pool. p ool. (Coconut) Kesile man guntaan heyan ne ziya nu Camote, the inside of which wh ich you edluwiti te zizale. (Sikan is tikulan peel. (Chicken gizzard) te manuk) A pool surrounded by fishing Linew man guntaan heyan ne poles. (The eyes) nelingut te ligewana. (Sikan is mata) which can only be Buntud man guntaan heyan ne emun A mountain dimly seen, yet you can reach it ed-ahaan nu ne egkiramkiram egkiramkiram da, with your hand. (nose) ne emun egkewaan nu nu egkekawe nu. (Sikan is izung) Your slave which you carefully feed by putting food in its Uripen nu man guntaan heyan ne mouth, its tail is what you eat. pinelangge nu su ebpenugitan da (Hand-operated stone corn ke egkaan, ne sikan is tai zin ne mill) egkeenen nu. (Sikan is gelingen he vatu)
ongs ongs
S "Abadti" (Thanksgiving) "Panihuman" (Merry making) "Babang ngat" (Dance music) "Tagungguan/tagunggo " (Playing Tagungguan music)
"Panihuman" (conversation)
"Badbad" (thanksgiving) "Tukubong" (reconciliation) "Malandoy" (clan reunion). "Managwaynag sinagkaw" (Crying lady)
ay dingding, a wake song Dingding ay Dingding. Answered the woman," I will not the betel chew prepare Until I can eat fresh pork liver." Dingding ay Dingding. Upon hearing her demand he called cal led his dogs, Pulangi and also Mulita. Dingding Dingding. Not yet having travelled a great distance, The young man heard the barking of his dog Mulita. Dingding Dingding. He gave chase and saw his prey On top of Mt A gkir-A gkir. Dingding Dingding. There he speared it but he was also struck And wounded woun ded inin his breast. Dingding Dingding. This then he did: He bound up his wound and carried the pig,
The pig that was gigantic Dingding Dingding. Then he returned home; And when he arrived in the middle of the girl's yard, He dropped the pig, then said he, h e, Woman, prepare the betel nut to chew For today may be our last l ast to see each other." Dingding Dingding. Hearing his request, she began to prepare the betel chew But before it was ready she heard the young man say, "Woman, spread a mat in the th e middle of the floor." Dingding Dingding. And so she spread the mat; And the woman and young man Lay down, But she could not staunch the flowing blood, So the breath departed from him. Dingding.
hiya hiya humiya, sung at the S amayaan ceremony
Maker the fighting cock our offering. Hiya hiya humiya. Hiya hiya, hiya hiya. Heed, Diwata, observe this meat offering, Diwata pillar, look at Specially call I because Diwata, the food, Isuguy post; Grandmother of Pudadu drowned, Look at us, Tababasuk, powerful center, Grandmother submerged submerged at the Vicinity of the Bulikanan Because the ceremonial River fork; cockfight begins the Samayaan. Hiya hiya humiya, hiya hiya humiya. Hiya hiya, hiya, hiya No exception, none excepted. What I implore is that all of you Listen, all hear, Diwata representatives of all the world, Suguy, representing Ibabasuk, Ibabasu k, powerful powerf ul god, where the whole world, the sun rises Because Kalayag, the merciful, Them call I for sure assistance, Suguy, refuge, Diwata. is the eastward sun,
panlalawag, prehunt ritual song to Lalawag Lalawag of the beginning and This day we call unto thee of our ancestors We take untrained dogs with us Come and listen to our As well as the trained dogs prayer Calling and praying for you We trust no other but you because We are calling for your you r help, You are the one who loves us Lalawag of the beginning We who are your great great Just this day we ask again grandchildren Yak Apu Mandalaminun, Mandalam inun, thou thou We trust no other but you who dwell in the cave Because you are the one who loves us Who raise the magic wand to call the spirit of Lalawag We who are your great great grandchildren. Yak. Come and listen to our prayer
manganinay, bee hunting song I am hoping and praying to find honey by following the bees flying to their hive, The bees fly in swarms like the cloud, Clustering like clouds passing between the trees, So I watch between the gaps; I am hoping and praying, Difficult it is to guess
Where there are bees in
hollow trees, Since there is a racket because of the children in lawaan trees, Trying to look for beehives built on the branches, br anches, I am hoping and praying, Oh, that there are hives on the bent tree.
tiwa, prehunt ritual song about lizards Tiwa lizard Tiwa What uncle mountain Tiwa There I the eat Tiwa High hill Tiwa Because I meditate still Tiwa As to what happened Tiwa
Setting sun Tiwa Because if father has not arrived Tiwa Why do you still expect Tiwa Your father if he Tiwa Was caught in the trap Tiwa Caught in the trap Tiwa
udag-udagu, prehunt song to Mahumanay Udag-udagu Run running faun Udag-udagu Not visible above barubu Udag-udago Nickered faun Udag-udagu Said stag,"where go you, faun?"
Udag-udago Nickered faun, Udag-udagu "Do not inquire,, mother, inquire I go searching for father." Udag-udagu.
roverbs (panongggelangan) roverbs
P
Ke etew ne kena He who does not look edililingey te impuun back to his origins will not reach his din ne kena destination. ebpekeuma diya te edtamaan din Ke mavendes ne edepinenew ne melaaran ke egkeruhi.
If a man walks fast and steps on a thorn, it will go in deep, but if he walks slowly, it will go in only a little.
Legends
Thunder and Lightning The Rainbow Eclipse of the Moon The Man in the Moon
Folktales (Ilianon teterema) Welu and Binsey
It has been collected and classified by Wrigglesworth (1981)) in tales about animals, culture heroes and (1981 heroines, kindness kindness rewarded and evil punished, punished, cleverness and stupidity, and fate. ii. Lesson - Narrow minded people seems to become faulty iii. Genre - Co Commed edyy iv. Characters - Welu and Binsey, their three children, and Biteey their friend. v. Setting - Str trea eamm
Why the Sheep Has a Big Voice
Fable
The lion and the deer The fable of the lion and the deer is found among both the Ilianon and the Manuvu. ii. Lesson - Word of honor iii. Genre - Action iv. Characters - Lion Lion,, deer, lizard, lizard, turtle turtle and chief. chief. v. Setting -Forest
Mythology A myth about feuding gods in the skyworld explains why
the east is red. ii. Lesson - Comp Competing eting is not to relievin relievingg anger. iii. Genre -action iv. Characters Ballak Bal lak - de deitityy Sallag Sal laguit uitung ungan an - dei deity ty Tapokak friend Ballak·s wife v. Setting - Sk Skyw ywor orld ld
Epics Manobo epics that have been documented and translated are the Ulahingan of the Livunganen-Arumanen, Tulalang and A gyu of the Ilianon, and Tuwaang of the Manuvu. A gyu is an epic hero who is known to most of
the indigenous tribes of Mindanao, such as the Bukidnon and most Manobo subgroups. His adventures adventures which are recounted here are those belonging belonging to the Ilianon epic cycle.
The Tulenlangan is the Ilianon epic cycle, an episode of which describing Tulalang's battles with many invaders, both human and non-human, was translated into English and entitled "Tulalang's Slays the Dragon" (Wrigglesworth 1977).
oopular pular Authors
P
Dr. Elena G. Maquiso She made a research about Ulahingan then She wrote it together with the Tulalangan. She has over 300 tapes containing about six more episodes of the epic remain untranscribed. Rosario Cruz-Lucero she wrote ´Ang Dalumat ng Panahon at Espasyo sa Mga Traki ng Dulangan Manobo.
