Quantity surveying is primarily centered on construction and the management of the costs and budgets of large projects. From the moment a plan is drawn until a large construction project has been completed, a quantity surveyor is likely to be involved in a legal, technical and financial capacity. The functions of a quantity surveyor are broadly concerned with the control of the cost on construction projects, the management and maintenance of the budget, valuations and any legal matters arising through the course of the project. They are required to make sure that the project remains profitable and efficient. A Quantity Surveyor (QS) is a professional working within the construction industry concerned with construction costs and contracts, manages all costs relating to building and civil engineering projects, from the initial calculations to the final figures. Surveyors seek to minimize the costs of a project and enhance value for money, while still achieving the required standards and quality. Quantities By Definition: Quantity is a property that can exist as a magnitude or multitude(Size or Number). Quantities can be compared in terms of "more," "less," or "equal," or by assigning a numerical value in terms of a unit of measurement. Quantity is among the basic classes of things along with quality, substance, change, and relation. PRE-CONTRACT QUANTITY SURVEYOR - Before construction starts Quantity surveyors can help with feasibility studies for a project. They can roughly estimate what’s involved in the project, based on measurements of the designer’s or client’s sketches. The quantity surveyor studies the architects’ and engineers’ plans, identifies the costs involved, and then sets an overall estimated budget for the project. They may compare the project with others like it. The quantity surveyor can then plan costs to help the design team stay within the project budget using practical solutions. This is called value engineering. The final detailed estimate is prepared by the quantity surveyor, together with a project architect. This is the basis for evaluating tenders. POST CONTRACT QUANTITY SURVEYOR When construction starts, the quantity surveyor keeps costs on track Once the building starts, the quantity surveyor can provide cash flow data so the client can arrange the finances needed for each stage of the project. The quantity surveyor can also assess cost effects when changes to the project occur, such as delays, and agree on ‘variation’ with contractors. The quantity surveyor can provide a bank with a project report and help a client by preparing draw down certificates for money to be loaned by the bank. Resolving disputes between clients, designers and building contractors is another role in some projects. When construction is over, the quantity surveyor adds up the total cost The quantity surveyor can prepare a statement of final account, which records the actual costs for all sections of the job.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ESTIMATOR AND QUANTITY SURVEYOR Estimator - responsible for estimating the direct and indirect cost of project during tendering. This role end after handover of project to execution team after award. QS - responsible for providing accurate BOQ, checking quantities against drawings and providing inputs for Direct cost of the project. This role can continue during execution of project.
The Estimators should have a vast knowledge about the project while pricing for a Tender he is the initial person giving the total cost for a project during tender stage and playing in costs to get more profit. The Quantity Surveyor is working based on his pricing after award of the project and working to increase the profit for the company than the estimated cost by th The Estimators should have a vast knowledge about the project while pricing for a Tender he is the initial person giving the total cost for a project during tender stage and playing in costs to get more profit. The Quantity Surveyor is working based on his pricing after award of the project and working to increase the profit for the company than the estimated cost by the Estimator. Better to be an Estimator & Quantity Surveyor
TYPES OF CONTRACT:
Lump Sum Contract Contract based on a Bill of Quantities Sometimes called Unit Price Contract Schedule of Rates Contract Cost plus Percentage of Cost Cost plus Fixed Fee Target Cost with Variable Fees Contract Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract (GMP)
Explain Contract Ask for : Contract (ENGLISH) Special Conditions of Contract Bill of Quantities (If Arabic let the Contractor Translate) Tender Drawing Schedule Tender Drawing CAD COPIES Method of Measurement PRIMAVERA CASH FLOW
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT STANDARDS
CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT (IF MENTION THIS ALWAYS PREVAIL) POMI PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT INTERNATIONAL SMM7 STANDARD METHOD OF MEASUREMENT 7 CESMM3 OR 4 CIVIL ENGINEERING STANDARD METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
SMM7 (Standard Method of Measurement 7) 3.0 QUANTITIES 3.1 Work shall be measured net as fixed in position except where otherwise stated in a measurement rule applicable to the work. 3.2 Dimensions used in calculating quantities shall be taken to the nearest 10 mm (i.e 5mm and over shall be regarded as 10mm and less than 5 mm shall be disregarded.) 3.3 Quantities measured in tons shall be given to two places of decimals. Other Quantities shall be given to the nearest whole unit whole unit except that any quantity less than one unit shall be given as one unit. 3.4 Unless otherwise stated, where minimum deductions for voids are dealt with this document they shall refer only to openings or wants which are within the boundaries of measured areas. Openings or wants which are at the boundaries of measured areas shall always be the subject of deduction irrespective of size. 3.5 The requirement to measure separate items for widths not exceeding a stated limit shall not apply where this widths are cause by voids.
5. DRAW INFORMATION 5.1 Location drawings:
(a) Block Plan: Shall Identify the site and locate the outlines of the building works in relation to a town plan or other context (b) Site Plan; shall locate the position of the building works in relation to set out points, means of access and general lay out of the site (c) Plans, Sections and Elevations: shall show the position occupied by the various spaces in a building and the General construction and location of the principal elements. 5.2 Component drawings: shall show the Information necessary for manufacture and assembly of a component. 5.3 Dimensioned diagrams: shall show the shape and dimensions of the work covered by an item and maybe used in the Bill of Quantities in place of dimension description, but not in place of an item otherwise required to be measured. 5.4 Schedules which provide the required information shall be deemed to be drawings as required under these rules.
Tools: Computer Calculator Autocad Program and knowledge Lisp Programs Site Preparation and Clearing Site clearing is normally the first operation to be done when the alignment has been set out. It is done in order to prepare the site for the excavation and formation of the road. It consists of the removal and disposal of all bushes, trees, fences and loose boulders as well as the grass within the top soil. Method of Measurement= Bill of Quantities (m2 or Lot or Lump sum). Shop Drawing- This is to determine the boundary and limits of area of construction. CAD Copy to make a Polyline for the area
2 Excavation SMM7 Page 30 The Quantities given are the bulk before excavating and no allowance is made for subsequent variations to bulk or for extra space for working space or to accommodate extra support.
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Bill of Quantities (m3 or Lot or Lump sum).
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Shop Drawing- This is to determine the boundary and limits of area of regular concrete.
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Survey Results for Natural Grade Level.
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CAD Copy to make a Polyline for the area.
9 Filling SMM7 Page 32 M14 Filling is measured as equal to void filled M15 The Average thickness measured for filling is that after compaction. •
Bill of Quantities (m3 or Lot or Lump sum).
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Shop Drawing- This is to determine the boundary and limits of area of regular concrete.
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CAD Copy to make a Polyline for the area and determination of Finish Ground Level of FGL.
E IN SITU CONCRETE/ LARGE PRE-CAST CONCRETE E05 In situ concrete construction general Method of Measurement: M1Concrete is measured net except that deductions are not made for the following: (a) (b) (c) (d)
Reinforcement Steel Section area Less than or equal to 0.50 m2 Cast in Accessories Voids Less than or equal to 0.05 m3 (Except voids in roughed and coffered slabs)
M2 The Thickness range stated in the descriptions excludes projections and recesses M3 The thickness range stated of coffered and rough slab is measured overall Again unless stated in the Contract.
E20 P46 Formwork for In situ Concrete Method of Measurement: M4 Voids Less than or equal to 5.00 m2 irrespective of location are not deducted from the area measured. M5 Soffits of coffered and troughed slabs is measured overall. M11 Passing of Subsidiary beams or other projections are not deducted from areas of formwork but such intersection are deemed to constitute the commencement of an additional member. E30 P49 Reinforcement in situ Concrete Method of Measurement:
M1 The weight of the bar reinforcement excludes surface treatments and rolling margin. M3 Spacers, chairs and special joints are measured only were they are not at the discretion of the Contractor. M5 Voids less than or equal 1.00 m2 in area are not deducted.
E42 P52 Accessories in cast in situ concrete Cast in Accessories include anchor bolts, anchor boxes, anchor fixing bolts. Etc, dowels, column guards and isolated glass lenses. Cast in accessories exclude reinforcement, tying wire, distance, block, spacers, chairs, structural steel work, hollow blocks, filler blocks, permanent formwork, joints and components around which concrete is cast. But which are not fixed by contractor.
Method of Measurement: M1 Cast-in accessories are normally measured by number. Linear or area measure maybe used provided that any appropriate spacing dimension are given in the description.
