TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
I.
Acknowledgement
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2
II.
Intro Introdu duct ction ion
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3
III.
Seci!i Se ci!icc O"#e O"#ecti$ cti$ee
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I%. I%.
Sign Signi! i!ic ic&n &nce ce o! t'e t'e Stud Stud( (
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Scoe &nd Limit& it&tio tion*
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%I.
,e!in !initio tion o! Term*
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%II. %II.
e$i e$iew ew o! el& el&te ted d Stu Studi die* e* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------And Liter&ture
I. A. /'&t /'&t I* 0ro*ti 0ro*titut tution ion B. Brie! Brie! i*tor i*tor( ( o! 0ro*tit 0ro*titutio ution n C. T(e* T(e* o! 0ro 0ro*tit *titutio ution n II. A. C&u*e* C&u*e* o! 0ro*tit 0ro*titutio ution n B. E!!ec E!!ect* t* o! 0ro 0ro*ti *titut tution ion %III %III.. Str& Str&te teg( g( u*ed u*ed in Collecting ,&t&
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I. I.
e*u e*ult lt** &nd &nd ,i*c ,i*cu* u**i *ion on
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1)
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Conclu*i lu*io on
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1
I. I.
eco ecomm mmen end& d&ti tion on
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II. II.
Ae Aend ndi5 i5
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III III.. Bi"l Bi"lio iogr gr& &'( '(
I.
AC8NO/LE,9E:ENT
This research paper is made possible through the aid and support from everyone, including parents, teachers, family and friends.
To bestow bestow
her acknowledgment acknowledgment of
gratit gratitude ude toward toward
the following following significant significant
advisors and contributors, to Ms. Rewa M. Wady researcher’s practice teacher for guiding towards the learning on how to gain knowledge and to be able to make a term paper. To Mrs. Nean !. "uirit, researchers adviser in #nglish sub$ect for her most support and encouragement and for contribution of her valuable detailed advices adv ices in the term paper.
%inally %inally to &od, family family and friends friends who was for all of the time compassionat compassionatee in making this term paper a possible one.
II.
INTO,;CTION
'rostitution in the 'hilippines seemed to have undergone an interesting outline of oscillation between the opposed values of health and morality and economic interests on the other hand. (onsidered one of the oldest )profession* in the world, prostitution may be defined as the actual misappropriation of profanation of se+ gain or profit. #ver since, the practice
has been considered evil. The survival of the practice in any
society is interpreted as a symptom of an alienated society. t is called social deviance.
These differing definitions are an outcome of the ideological insights on how individuals and organiations view prostitution. -ne commonly held observation is that prostitution is a form of social and moral deviance that individuals fall into. ndividuals involved in prostitution are largely seen as lacking selfworth.
This has been t he dominant view that as will be described later became the basis of the criminaliation of the act. Many believe that this view resulted in the dressing down of people involved in prostitution and made them vulnerable to different kinds of risks.
III.
S0ECIFIC OB
This term paper emphasies the causes and effect of prostitution in the 'hilippines. /ata will be derived from the authoried and reliable sources to establish the
points and facts about the said topic. This study will give an edge in the awareness and conse0uences of prostitution.
This paper is concerned with the discursive constitution of prostitution as a problem of humanity. !s a social problem, prostitution uni0ue
manner and
managed
has been a dilemma in a
through specific techni0ues that have had
the
strategic ob$ective.
Through an understanding of the prostitute sub$ect it becomes possible establish certain truths about
prostitution. 'erhaps the most striking development to
have
occurred with the prostitution was the e+pansion of the range of meanings that became available to describe prostitutes.
I%.
SI9NIFICANCE OF TE ST;,=
This study will be a significant
endeavor in promoting and raising awareness
regarding prostitution. This will also be beneficial to the students, the general public and especially those who are engaged in the prostitution industry per se. This is to inform them what is prostitution all about and to erase 0uestions in their
minds.
This also serves as a preventive measure regarding the harmful effects of prostitution. This paper concludes by evaluating the efficacy of some current policies used
to lessen
or
moderate the potential harmful effects of prostitution, such as the
spread of diseases, child abuse, the medical side, the person who regulates a prostitute 1pimps2 and the prostitute itself.
%.
SCO0E AN, LI:ITATIONS
The scope of this study focuses on the causes and effects in
prostitution. This
study only limits on determining the causes and effects of prostitution specifically in the 'hilippines. %I.
•
,EFINITION OF TE:S
/ama de noche women of the night
•
Mu$eres libres
free or public women
•
'rostitution
the practice of engaging in relatively indiscriminate se+ual favors in e+change for immediate payment in money or other valuables
•
• • •
Red light
district with houses of prostitution or what has been popularly known as )casa* 3omose+ual se+ually attracted to people of one4s own se+ 5ise+ual se+ually attracted to both men and women Transe+ual a person who emotionally and psychologically feels that they belong to the opposite se+
•
• •
%II.
6enereal disease disease that is contracted and transmitted by se+ual contact, caused by microorganisms that survive on the skin or mucus membranes, or that are transmitted via semen, vaginal secretions, or blood 3eterose+ual se+ually attracted to people of the opposite se+ 'romiscuous having or characteried by many transient se+ual relationships E%IE/ OF ELATE, ST;,IES AN, LITEAT;E I.
!. /'&t I* 0ro*titution 7
)! woman who had se+ with more than 89,::: men should be classified as a prostitute, although ;: to <: would also do. 3owever, promiscuity itself does not turn a woman into a prostitute. !lthough a vast ma$ority of prostitutes are promiscuous, most people would agree that sleeping around does not amount to prostitution. )
1#dlund = >orn, 8::8, p. ?@92
'rostitution has an unusual featureA it is well paid despite being low skill, labor intensive, and, one might add,
female
dominated. #arnings even in the worst
paid type, streetwalking, may be several multiples
of fulltime earnings in professions
with comparable skill re0uirements.
'rostitution may be female or male or transgender and prostitution may entail heterose+ual activity, but historically most prostitutes have been women and most clients are men. 'erceptions of prostitution are based in culturally determines values that differ among societies. n some societies, prostitutes have been viewed as members of recognied profession, in others have been shunned, reviled and punished with stoning, imprisonment, and death. %ew societies have e+ercised the same severity towards clients, indeed in many societies clients suffer few if
any
legal repercussions. n some cultures, prostitution has been re0uired to young girls
as right to puberty or as means of ac0uiring a dowry, and some religions have re0uired prostitution of certain class of priestess.
'rostitution is a highly debated term. ts common definition is the e+change of se+ual services
for
compensation, usually
in
the form of
money or other
valuables.
B. Brie! i*tor( o! 0ro*titution
I.
S&ni*' eriod
Bpanish rule made Manila
the center of its colonial affairs. (olonial rule is
generally based upon the principle of rewarding political service to the &overnment in power by the pillage of a colony.* The policies enforced tended to foster the e+ploitation and
impoverishment of the colonial sub$ects. #ventually, poverty
became )the permanent characteristics* of the working classes who largely comprised the 'hilippines population during the colonial eras. The absence of incentives and the deterioration of conditions in the rural areas, especially during the last decades of the nineteenth century forced many inhabitants to migrate to other places, notably Manila. Manila, by the nineteenth century was already teeming with vagrants, vagabonds, and displaced persons. n colonial times it was only places attractive enough for impoverished and displaced persons to flocks to. ts commercial districts, especially 5inondo with its big business housed at Rosario and #scolta streets,
caught the fancy of many migrants, who tended to reside in the congested districts of Tondo, 5inondo, Bampaloc, and 'aco. Bpanish legaliation of gambling as a
source of revenue added to inhabitant’s
demoraliation. n many cases, it was a ma$or reason for men made destitute by gambling to induce their wives or women friends to engage
in prostitution or to
commit such crimes. The revolution against Bpain
not only brought liberty to %ilipino but also
destruction of lives and possessions and the displacement of thousands of people.
II.
Americ&n egime
The establishment of !merican rule in the 'hilippines e+acerbated the prostitution problem in the country. The 'hilippine!merican War that broke out in ?@CC, and the scorchedearth policies adopted by both combatants destitute the people and ruined much property.
The !merican military authorities, through the 'rovost Marshall -ffice, established red lights district in ?C:?.
-fficials tasked the closure of these establishments were reported to have hurriedly drawn up
the ordinances which were )railroad through the town
councils after a few hours, to gain full force and effect of law.*
The closure or the dancing halls, brothels, and saloons didn’t put to an end to prostitution in the 'hilippines.
C. T(e* o! 0ro*titution
'rostitution can be classified according to modus operandi and gender and age of providers. n their typology, they identified the name of the activity, how clients are solicited and where they are serviced, and in what world regions certain activities are prevalent. !mong the more prominent modus operandi for se+ work are street, brothels, and escort prostitution.
o
Btreet prostitution is the mode where clients are solicited on the street, in parks, or in other public places and are serviced in side streets, vehicles, or shortstay premises. Btreet prostitution is widespread, particularly in societies where alternative work sites are unavailable.
o
5rothel prostitution is the mode where certain premises are e+plicitly dedicated to providing se+. Dsually, brothel prostitution has better security provisions accorded to se+ workers than street prostitution.
o
#scort via
prostitution is the mode where clients contact se+ workers by phone or
the hotel staff. This is the most covert form of se+ work. t is relatively
e+pensive
because of low client turnover. The service can be provided at a
client’s home or hotel room. This mode of prostitution is everywhere.
o
'rostitution can also be classified according to the age of providers, namely adult and child prostitutes. Btudies indicate that the dynamics of child prostitution are different from those of adult prostitution. (hild prostitutes are involved without their consent, and they are usually systematically deceived. (hild prostitution is generally condemned by most individuals, organiations, and governments. Nevertheless, some child prostitutes eventually become adult prostitutes, and many adult prostitutes had prior childhood histories of se+ual abuse and prostitution.
II. A. C&u*e* o! 0ro*titution
'robably one of the main sources is the desire on the part of considerable number of persons of saying ages for an easily achieved, nonbinding se+ual outlet and their willingness to pay for such an outlet. Without this demand, the supply for prostitutes would disappear.
!nother factor is the belief on the part of girls and boys that prostitution is an easier way to make living than other pursuits open to them. This belief undoubtedly attracts many into the occupation.
The girls from whom prostitutes are recruited seem to be those who come from the economically deprived and poor social backgrounds, who have mental or emotional inade0uacies, who have had previous se+ual e+periences 1mostly unfortunate2, who have
been abandoned by husbands, and who have had contact with persons in or on the fridge of prostitution.
The immediate causes of the epidemic are linked to 36Es modes of transmission. These include unprotected penetrative seF transmission from mother to child before, during or after birthF and transmission through transfusions and the sharing of blood or blood products.
Dnderlying causes include societal denial and weak political commitmentF poverty and social ine0ualityF gender divisionsF population movement as a result of famine, war and other causesF human rights abuseF and lack of dialogue about se+ and se+uality. !ll of these make it likely that infection continues to spread.
Goung people may be especially vulnerable to infection. They may not receive appropriate kinds of se+ and personal relationship education. They may lack access to relevant social support including youth friendly counseling and se+ual health services. Goung women 1and some young men2 may be at particular risk through involvement in se+ work and prostitution. The tendency for older and more se+ually e+perienced men to prefer younger se+ual partners also enhances their vulnerability.
II. B. E!!ect* o! 0ro*titution
36 and !/B have serious and immediate effects within the family and household. !s parents and young people are affected, household income may fall. !dditional costs of healthcare, funerals and transport to clinics and hospital may have to be met. While many households develop new ways of stressed. The changing balance of labor within
the home
coping, other are severely may encourage less labor
intensive and less nutritious crops to be grown. Widows and elderly people may lack financial and moral support when, as the sole adult within the family, they have to take on added responsibilities for the care of children and young people.
n recent times !/B 1!c0uired mmune /eficiency Byndrome2 is a fatal disease which is highly contagious. There is no known cure so far.
The effects of prostitution on the rest of society are less easily discerned. Btandards of morality always dictate that prostitution is an unmitigated vice and yet side by side with this morality prostitution has continued to e+ist. There is no doubt that the effect is very undesirable to society as a whole.
%III. STATE9= ;SE, IN COLLECTIN9 ,ATA
'rimary, the researcher searched information about the selected topic in books in the nternet. Then, the researcher made a brief synopsis of a research article or any thorough analysis of a particular sub$ect which is all about 'rostitution elevated for reader to 0uickly establish the paper’s purpose. The researcher summaries the written
work, characteristically a book into its shorter variety which is concise. The researcher with the aid of her resources summaries a group of associated reports for a reason that the readers can 0uickly get hold of ideas and understand the vast 0uantity of books and materials without reading all of it. The researcher necessitates being precise about her work and employed different presentation of facts in history which means of words easily attained by the reader and lastly the researcher demonstrates her work as authentic and valid with ideas supporting on it to clearly e+hibit the cause and effects of 'rostitution in the 'hilippines. n addition, the researcher illustrates picture pertinent to the study. I.
ES;LTS AN, ,ISC;SSIONS
There are many definition of prostitution. The simplest definition says that it is an e+change of money for se+ual purpose that is offering se+ual contact for pay or in other words it is an act of se+ual business in e+change for money. &rounds of prostitution statedA treatment by parent, bad company, family prostitutes, social customs, inability to arrange marriage, lack of se+ education, media, prior incest, rape, early marriage and desertion, lack of recreational facilities, ignorance and acceptance of prostitution so as economic causes includes poverty and distress or psychological causes of physical pleasure, greed and de$ection in the 'hilippines. !ccording to Ma. Huisa T. (amagay, 'h. /. the chairperson of the /epartment of 3istory, (ollege of Bocial Bciences and 'hilosophy 1(BB'2 of the Dniversity of the 'hilippinesA )That it is important to have a historical knowledge on how and why of the common ills of 'hilippines which is prostitution have e+isted in the past and postulate why it still continues to e+ist today. 'rostitution not only is inherently harmful and dehumaniing to women and childrenF it also fuels the growth of trafficking in persons,
or modernday slavery. I Women and girls, worldwide, are lured to foreign nations with promises of $obs. Then, they are forced into prostitution. With globaliation and cheap transportation, you can move people easier and 0uicker than guns or drugs. !nd you can use them over and over and over again. Gou don’t $ust sell them once and call it a day.*
?
httpAJJwww.slideshare.netJsocialreviewJprostitutioninthephilippine
/AT>S BEIN9 ,ONE TO EL0 0OSTIT;TES
%inally passed in 8::9, the 'hilippine is the first country in Boutheast !sia to come up with an act to protect women and children against trafficking, prostitution, pornography and involuntary forced labor. 'enalties can lead to si+ 1<2 years to life imprisonment and fines up to two million pesos. %or those who interact or buy services of prostitution are usually penalied for first offenses with si+ months of community service and a fine of fifty thousand pesos and for second and succeeding offenses face imprisonment of one year and a fine of one hundred thousand pesos. /epartment of %oreign !ffairs, the /epartment of Habor and #mployment and the 'hilippine -verseas #mployment !dministration are mandated by R!C8:@ to come up with programs for %ilipinos who are involved and have been trafficked for the safety and prevention for this further happened.?
The world must put an end to this kind of crime. 5ut, stopping prostitution is hard since almost all of the countries in the world have prostitution. !s a %ilipino Gouth, believe that big changes start with small changes. f we make an effort to stop prostitution
in our country, it might have a big effect in stopping prostitution in the world. We %ilipinos must start to make a move in changing the world into a better place by putting an end to this criminal act.
?
.
httpAJJwww.slideshare.netJreivewJprostitutioninthephilippines CONCL;SION
'rostitution in our country is a very popular crime and many people in our country are involved in this wrong act. This problem is not simpleF it is actually one of the ma$or problems that our country is facing. Women whether underage or not are forced to do this like this, this kind of act is not a solution for making one’s life better, and it actually worsens it.
'rostitution has been around for many decades. The 'hilippines had many victims including women and children, becoming se+ servants and working with se+ feints to try and support their families. To those patrons, it is a form of entertainment and a good time, but they are degrading the lives and worth of those victims who do it only for the money. Much of the people living in impoverished conditions do not have the simple things such as food and water, let alone a good paying $ob. Be+uality is different all over the world, but many don’t choose to start at such a young age, and after all, many of them could never overcome the trauma. f so many government officials and tourists are causing this
demand, the se+ trade industry will never end. The 'hilippines is not alone in facing this problem, the world is facing it as well. The crime is growing fast and it seems like no one is making a move to put an end to this. 'rostitution is nothing but a wrong act, a crime will not do good anything for world.
3opefully with new efforts finally being put forward, it will aid in the helping to end child prostitution in the 'hilippines and in other places around the world. 0uote FThere has been no greater mass crime that know of . . . that has been committed against modern women, modernday women, in the 8:th century.0uotF 5rig. &en. 6orley M. Re+road 1Ret.2, Kanuary ?L, 8::?.
I.
ECO::EN,ATION
The researcher would like to recommend the future researchers to broadcast or make future research about the (ause and #ffects of 'rostitution in the 'hilippines specifically the impacts of it to our youth and also gather and present more information of the ancestry of committing such.
II.
A00EN,IES
0'oto Editori&l in renowned m&g&?ine* "( our !ellow Filiino &rti*t &g&in*t 0ro*titution &nd crime*@
llustration above was drawn by our fellow %ilipino artist in different wellknown magaines about the struggle against prostitution and what are its conse0uences in our society.
Pr os t i t ut i on:Don' tl eti tc r o s sy ourmi nd
The pictures above shows the positive effects and advan tages of having a strong bond with your family. !s you can see in the picture, people need to respect everyone and live with harmony in order for us to survive. We are not alone in facing this problem, the whole world is facing it as well, and we all need to realie that prostitution won’t get you good condition and recognition. III. BIBLIO9A0= Book F. Henriques, Prostitution and Society (3 vol., 1962–68) !. ". Scott
Internet
?. httpAJJnovella.mhhe.comJsitesJ::LC@L<;9Jstudentview:Jresearchcenter CCCJresearchpapers9:Jhowtowritetermpapers.html
8. httpAJJwww.thesaurus.comJbrowseJprevalence7sOt
9. httpAJJwww.amaon.comJThe3istory'rostitution#ffectsThroughoutJdpJ?@C<9L<89
;. httpAJJwww.studymode.comJessaysJ(ause!nd#ffect-f'rostitution?:?<.html
. httpAJJtheideashop.comJpapersJprostitution.pdf
<. httpAJJwww.philippinestudies.netJo$sJinde+.phpJpsJarticleJviewJ?:<9
L. httpAJJwww.child abuse.comJchildhouseJchildwatchJcwiJpro$ectsJindicatorsJprostitutionJbiblio.html @. prostitutionA 5ibliography httpAJJwww.infoplease.comJencyclopediaJsocietyJprostitution bibliography.htmlPi+9"5cm6>HN 9.
httpAJJen.wikipedia.orgJwikiJ'rostitutioninthe'hilippines