CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduc Introduction tion
This chapter is discussed about the project background/description, the problem of the project, and the objectives of the project. 1.2 Project description
The project is proposed as a user-friendly mosquito liquid vaporizer system that can automatically turn on or off according to user’s requirement and poered by !rduino . This system makes use of a "#$ sensor module ith "%&'& as a comparator to sense the light intensity. The output drives a buzzer, "(#s, ")# display and relays to perform the necessary action. This conception is very convenient as a home appliance as it is economical and the ease of handling. The system is dependent on an electronic transducer* knon as "#$ sensor.+hen sensor.+hen light does not presence on the sensor, its resistance slightly increases and leads to generate the !rduino to send the message to the vaporizer to turn on, displaying some display and turn on the buzzer for alerting the user. This arrangement best suits as a friendly f riendly system as an a n intelligent electronics home appliance. 1.3 Proble st!teent
found out that manual sitching system is not so convenient as hen one forget to turn off the liquid vaporizer, the liquid ill depleted too fast. +e’re living in the orld of gadgets so hy don’t e find a smarter ay to turn our everyday appliance into something that userfriendly for us. 1." Objecti#es
The objectives of this project are* i. To develop a user-friendly mosquito liquid vaporizer. ii. To intelligently turning on the vaporizer hen reaches certain requirement on light intensity. iii. To automatically turning off the vaporizer hen it is daylight.
CHAPTER 2 $ITERATURE RE%IE& 2.1 Introduction
This chapter ill provide the literature revie of the project. 2.2 $iter!ture re#ie'
Traditionally, various types of substances have been used to repel mosquitoes. These include such things as smoke, plant etracts, oils, tars, and muds. !s insect repellent technology became more sophisticated, individual compounds ere discovered and isolated. This alloed the formulation of ne, more efficient forms of mosquito repellents. ractically, our ancestors use smoke as mosquitoes repellent. They burn nest eggs in order to prevent mosquitoes to come near. The method of burning nest eggs does not seem so safe as cases like burnt houses seldomly being reported. !s to create a more convenient and practical ay to repel mosquitoes, people then create mosquito coils as it seem lot safer than method before that. This method requires people to burn the coils and put them under the bed before going to sleep. #espite of being safer, this method also leads to another cases of medical problematic as hen people breathe in its smoke, it is harmful to us as the coils are being made by chemicals substancials. !s time ent by and technologies become rapidly groing, people then create more conventional ay to repel mosquitoes hich is by creating electrical mosquito liquid vaporizer. This method offers more safety to the consumers as it does not requires any burning and does not create smokes to harm people. oever, this method is still not very convenient as hen one forgot to sitch off the vaporizer, its liquid ill dry up too soon. This lead to the idea of this project hich is it does not requires one to turn on and off as it ill automatically sitch on and off based on sensoring and microcontroller controls. 2.3 T(pes o) os*uito repellent
a0 %osquito coil - mosquito repelling incense, usuall y shaped into a spiral, and typically made from a dried paste of pyrethrum poder. The coil is usually held at the center of the spiral, suspending it in the air, or edged by to pieces of fireproof nettings to allo continuous smoldering. 1urning usually begins at the outer end of the spiral and progresses sloly toard the centre of the spiral, producing a mosquito-repellent smoke. 234
5igure 3* 1urning of a mosquito coil 264
b0 "iquid mosquito vaporizer - The liquid mosquito repellent has a graphite rod in the middle and the bottle is filled ith the repellent. There is a heater coil in the liquidator. The repellent chemical hen comes in to contact ith the heated rod turns into fume hich disables the sensors of the mosquitoes. The fumes produced by the repellent blocks the chemo sensors of mosquitoes so that they cannot identify human beings. 2&4
5igure 6* (ample of liquid vaporizer 274
CHAPTER 3
+ETHODO$O,-
3.1 &or)lo'
8tart
#iscussion ith supervisor
8tudy the basic concept of blood collection
5ind suitable components
)ircuit design and testing
/ardare development
Testing
9:
$edesign and troubleshoot
;(8 #emonstration
$eport
(nd
3.2 H!rd'!re Desi/n 3.2.1 0loc di!/r!
) ost
!nalog nput
")# #isplay
!rduino oer 8upply
"(#
1uzzer
"#$ 8ensor
3.2.2 Coponents a0 !rduino
:vervie The !rduino of hich ? can be used as +% outputs0, ? analog inputs, a 3? %z ceramic resonator, a <81 connection, a poer jack, an )8 header, and a reset button. t contains everything needed to support the microcontroller@ simply connect it to a computer ith a <81 cable or poer it ith a !)-to-#) adapter or battery to get started. The !tmega=<6 up to version $60 programmed as a <81-to-serial converter. A
8ummary %icrocontroller :perating Coltage
!Tmega&6= DC
nput Coltage >recommended0 E-36C nput Coltage >limits0 ?-6BC #igital /: ins 37 >of hich ? provide +% output0 !nalog nput ins ? #) )urrent per /: in 7B m! #) )urrent for &.&C in DB m! 5lash %emory &6 F1 >!Tmega&6=0 of hich B.D F1 used by bootloader 8$!% 6 F1 >!Tmega&6=0 (($:% 3 F1 >!Tmega&6=0 )lock 8peed 3? %z oer The !rduino non-<810 poer can come either from an !)-to-#) adapter >all-art0 or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 6.3mm center-positive plug into the boardGs poer jack. "eads from a battery can be inserted in the Hnd and Cin pin headers of the :+($ connector. The board can operate on an eternal supply of ? to 6B volts. f supplied ith less than EC, hoever, the DC pin may supply less than five volts and the board may be unstable. f using more than 36C, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended range is E to 36 volts. The poer pins are as follos* I C9. The input voltage to the !rduino board hen itGs using an eternal poer source >as opposed to D volts from the <81 connection or other regulated poer source0. ;ou can supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the poer jack, access it through this pin. I DC.This pin outputs a regulated DC from the regulator on the board. The board can be supplied ith poer either from the #) poer jack >E - 36C0, the <81 connector >DC0, or the C9 pin of the board >E-36C0. 8upplying voltage via the DC or &.&C pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage your board. +e donGt advise it. I &C&. ! &.& volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. %aimum current dra is DB m!. I H9#. Hround pins. I :$(5. This pin on the !rduino board provides the voltage reference ith hich the microcontroller operates. ! properly configured shield can read the :$(5 pin voltage and select the appropriate poer source or enable voltage translators on the outputs for orking ith the DC or &.&C.
%emory The !Tmega&6= has &6 F1 >ith B.D F1 used for the bootloader0. t also has 6 F1 of 8$!% and 3 F1 of (($:% >hich can be read and ritten ith the (($:% library0. nput and :utput (ach of the 37 digital pins on the 0, digital+rite>0, anddigital$ead>0 functions. They operate at D volts. (ach pin can provide
or receive a maimum of 7B m! and has an internal pull-up resistor >disconnected by default0 of 6B-DB k:hms. n addition, some pins have specialized functions* I 8erial* B >$J0 and 3 >TJ0. $J0 and transmit >TJ0 TT" serial data. These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the !Tmega=<6 <81-to-TT" 8erial chip. I (ternal nterrupts* 6 and &. These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a lo value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. 8ee the attachnterrupt>0 function for details. I +%* &, D, ?, ', 3B, and 33. rovide =-bit +% output ith the analog+rite>0 function. I 8* 3B >880, 33 >%:80, 36 >%8:0, 3& >8)F0. These pins support 8 communication using the 8 library. I "(#* 3&. There is a built-in "(# connected to digital pin 3&. +hen the pin is H value, the "(# is on, hen the pin is ":+, itGs off. The i.e. 3B67 different values0. 1y default they measure from ground to D volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the !$(5 pin and the analog$eference>0 function. !dditionally, some pins have specialized functionality* I T+* !7 or 8#! pin and !D or 8)" pin. 8upport T+ communication using the +ire library.There are a couple of other pins on the board* I !$(5. $eference voltage for the analog inputs. 0. I $eset. 1ring this line ":+ to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to shields hich block the one on the board. )ommunication The !rduino DC0 serial communication, hich is available on digital pins B >$J0 and 3 >TJ0. !n !Tmega3?<6 on the board channels this serial communication over <81 and appears as a virtual com port to softare on the computer. The G3?<6 firmare uses the standard <81 ):% drivers, and no eternal driver is needed. oever, on +indos, a .inf file is required. The !rduino softare includes a serial monitor hich allos simple tetual data to be sent to and from the !rduino board. The $J and TJ "(#s on the board ill flash hen data is being transmitted via the <81-to-serial chip and <81 connection to the computer >but not for serial communication on pins B and 30. ! 8oftare8erial library allos for serial communication on any of the T+0 and 8 communication. The !rduino softare includes a +ire library to simplify use of the 6) bus@ see the documentation for details. 5or 8 communication, use the 8 library. rogramming The !rduino according to the microcontroller on your board0. The !Tmega&6= on the !rduino
;ou can also bypass the bootloader and program the microcontroller through the )8 >n)ircuit 8erial rogramming0 header using !rduino 8 or similar. The !Tmega3?<6 >or =<6 in the rev3 and rev6 boards0 firmare source code is available . The !Tmega3?<6/=<6 is loaded ith a #5< bootloader, hich can be activated by* I :n $ev3 boards* connecting the solder jumper on the back of the board >near the map of taly0 and then resetting the =<6. I :n $ev6 or later boards* there is a resistor that pulling the =<6/3?<6 +1 line to ground, making it easier to put into #5< mode. 2D4 b0 "#$ 8ensor The "#$ light %odule detects the embient light, it includes a high precision comparator >"%&'&0 and a adjustable potentionmeter to make design in simple ay.! light sensor >"#$ or "ight #ependent $esistor0 is a simple component that provides a variable resistance that changes ith light. • • •
:perating voltage * #) L&.&C/DC :nboard poer status "(#. :nboard sensor status "(#.
Pin De)inition •
• • •
9M3 * !: - !nalog output, real-time output voltage signal on the sensorGs resistance. 9M6 * H9# - Hround. 9M& * C)) - oer input, #) L&.&C/DC. 9M7 * #: - 8ensor detection output >"ogic GG/G"G0. The threshold adjustable via potentiometer. 2?4
c0 $eal Time )lock 5eature This is a great battery-backed real time clock >$T)0 that allos your microcontroller project to keep track of time even if it is reprogrammed, or if the poer is lost. erfect for datalogging, clock-building, time stamping, timers and alarms, etc. The #83&BE is the most popular $T), and orks best ith DC-based chips such as the !rduino.
8pecification I 7 pins >H9#, C)), 8#! and 8)"0 I #83&BEz high precision real-time clock I )ommunicate ith !rduino using 6-ire 6) interface I )$366B back-up battery >included0 I !ccurate calendar up to year 63BB I 7 mounting holes ith 6.6mm diameter I :nly use 6 /: pins >6)0 on the !rduino 2E4
d0 $elay shield #escription* 1rand ne and high quality. 6-)hannel $elay interface board, Nust use DC input signal to control. ;ou can do some simple design about it. This module can be used ith !rduino 8pecial 8ensor 8hield C7.B. (ach relay has a normally open, normally closed contact group. t can control various appliances and other equipments ith large current. (quiped ith high-current relay, !)6DBC 3B!, !)3DBC 3B!,#)&BC 3B!,#)6=C 3B!. This is a 6-)hannel DC $elay %odule 8hield can be controlled directly by a ide range of microcontrollers such as !rduino ) !$% !C$ #8. (asy to be controlled by a lots of %icrocontrollers> 8uch as !rduino , =BD3, !C$, ), #8, !$%, !$%, %87&B, "),TT" logic0. 2=4
3.3 o)t'!re De#elopent
8tart
8et $T) time to compiled tme
$T) orkingO
$ead chip date P time registers
#isplay date P time registers
Hreen "(# :9 1uzzer :9 ")# #isplay :9 status Caporizer :9
#etect light
Caporizer :55 $ed "(# :9 1uzzer :55 ")# #isplay :55 status
(nd
REERENCE 234 http*//en.ikipedia.org/iki/%osquitoQcoil 264 http*//en.ikipedia.org/iki/%osquitoQcoil 2&4 http*//dmohankumar.ordpress.com/6B36/B=/37/ho-liquid-vaporizer-epels-mosquitofact-file-6=/ 274 http*//dmohankumar.ordpress.com/6B36/B=/37/ho-liquid-vaporizer-epels-mosquitofact-file-6=/ 2D4 arduino.cc/en/%ain/arduino1oard
