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Any beneficial deduction in water loss, use or waste. A reduction in water use accomplished by implementation of water conservation or water efficiency measures. Water conservation is the most effective and environmentally sound method to fight global warming. Water conservation is what that can reduce the scarcity of water. It aims to improve the efficiency of use of water, and reduce losses and waste. R
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0 Go ensure availability for future generations, the withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate.
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u . Water pumping, delivery, and wastewater treatment facilities consume a significant amount of energy. In some regions of the world over 15% of total electricity consumption is devoted to water management
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Ñ . Minimizing human water use helps to preserve fresh water habitats for local wildlife and migrating waterfowl, as well as reducing the need to build new dams and other water diversion infrastructure.
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reduce personal and business water costs Minimize the need for local governments to fund expensive reservoirs, water treatment and wastewater plants, and pipeline projects Help maintain sufficient water in streams, rivers, lakes and estuaries for fishing, boating, swimming, protection of aquatic life and downstream users More efficient irrigation means less polluted runoff into receiving waters ÿ
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0ave water to save money bills.
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reduction in interior water use cuts waste water flows, especially overflowing of gutters which contaminates the environment.
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Environment benefits include eco system and habitat protection.
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Water conservation helps in improving the quality of drinking water. £
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residential and Business Indoor
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residential and Business Outdoor
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Industrial and Commercial
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Agricultural
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rainwater Harvesting [
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rainwater harvesting is the gathering and collection of water from the rooftop utilization of rain water for the domestic as well as agricultural purposes three technical methods of rain water harvesting such as Catchments, Conveyance and storage
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Historical water bodies
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Ponds
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åactors that should be considered in a water recycling program include:
Water recycling is the reuse of water for the same application for which it was originally used.
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- Identification of water reuse opportunities - Evaluation of the minimum water quality needed for a particular use - Evaluation of water quality degradation resulting from the use - Determination of the treatment steps.
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Water reuse is the use of wastewater or reclaimed water (sometimes called ³graywater´) from one application for another application.
0ome potential applications include other industrial uses in cooling water at power plants and oil refineries or industrial process water for such facilities as paper mills and carpet dyers, toilet flushing, dust control, construction activities, concrete mixing, and artificial lakes.
reused water can also be used in landscape irrigation, agricultural irrigation, aesthetic uses such as fountains, and fire protection.
G åactors that should be considered in an industrial water reuse program include: Identification of water reuse opportunities Determination of the minimum water quality needed for the given use Identification of wastewater sources that satisfy the water quality requirements Determination of how the water can be transported to the new use
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rain Water Harvesting is capturing and storing rainfall to irrigate plants or to supply people and animals. A well-designed system will also decrease our landscape maintenance needs. All we need for a water harvesting system is rain, and a place to put it. A "catchment" is any large surface that can capture and/or carry water to where it can be used immediately or stored. We can store water in a variety of ways: 55-gallon steel drums, barrels or underground storage tanks.
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Ghe purpose of 0ustainable Water Management (0WM), which is simply to manage our water resources while taking into account the needs of present and future users.
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0WM attempts to deal with water in a holistic fashion, taking into account the various sectors affecting water use, including political, economic, social, technological and environmental considerations. ë
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A basic water requirement will be guaranteed to all humans to maintain human health. A basic water requirement will be guaranteed to restore and maintain the health of ecosystems. Water quality will be maintained to meet certain minimum standards. Ghese standards will vary depending on location and how the water is to be used. Human actions should not be allowed to impair the long-term renewability of freshwater stocks and flows. Data on water resources availability, use and quality will be collected and made accessible to all parties. Institutional mechanisms will be developed to prevent and resolve conflicts over water.
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Welfare for the people and equitable distribution of resources
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Economic growth and development
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Efficient use of water resources
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0ustainability and environmental aspects
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Policy and institutional aspects £
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In the last five years, a growing number of progressive private-sector companies have been increasingly making their presence felt in the area of water conservation. As they develop new technologies for water-related processes, they have also started to influence the process of water regulation to ensure positive support for developing sustainable technology in the field. One group of companies, led by Nestle, are showing that they have a role to play in developing a sustainable model for water utilization and in helping formulate policy for the same. A second group is focusing on technology to get more output per drop of water. With the green revolution pushing up agricultural productivity, the incremental increases in productivity of agriculture are vital, considering that agriculture accounts for 80% of water requirements.
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Ghe broadest range of opportunities for new products and services falls into three areas: improving the productivity of water treatment and distribution, of water-intensive industrial and power processes, or of water usage in agriculture.
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Global industrial players, such as ABB, GE, and 0iemens, already have large water businesses and continue to develop new products in this area for large industrial users and water utilities. IBM provides technologies to measure and track water efficiency efforts and to improve water treatment and irrigation.
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In 2009, PepsiCo conserved more than 12 billion liters of water through efficiency improvements.
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