Pmr English Language Module 2 2011 Paper 2

Contents of Module 2 prepared in 2011 NO.

CONTENTS

1.

Pre-Writing  Sentence Construction -Simple Sentence -Compound Sentence -Complex Sentence  Past Tense  Modals  Prepositions  Connectors

4 4 5 6 6 9 13 22

Section A (Guided Writing) - Analysis of past year questions - General Guidelines - Format Of Compositions - Types of Composition • Letter Writing • Article • Recount • Report • Speech

24 24 26 28 27 41 49 60 70

Section B (Summary Writing)

82

2.

3.

4.

Guidelines Analysis of past year questions Sample answers Practice

PAGE NO

83 84 86 87

Section C (Novels) -

Guidelines Analysis of past year questions Exercise for Practice Notes/Sample answers • Character – Good, Bad, Determined • Interesting/Exciting/Memorable Event • Interesting Place/Setting • Theme – Loyalty, Justice • Moral Value – Bravery • Lesson Learnt/Message

93 94 95 106 107 108 108 108 109 111

Unit Bahasa Inggeris JPN Kedah – ENGLISH MODULE 2 2011–PMR –PAPER 2

2


Sentence Construction 1) Simple sentence

3


a) It must have at least one object and one verb Subject + Verb : To show what happened in the story

Subject

Verb

He

slept (in the room)

She

smiles (at me)

It

died (yesterday)

I

will go (to Langkawi)

You

were shopping (there)

We

have arrived (at the jetty)

They

are playing (football)

b) Subject + Verb + Object : To show action done on someone/ something else.

Subject

Verb

Object

He

thanked

me

She

praises

him

It

is looking at

her

I

scolded

them

You

make

coffee

We

will read

books

They

eat

durians

4


c) Subject + was / were + ing : To show what was happening in the story (past continuous tense)

Subject

Verb (to be)

+ ing

I

was

reading

He

was

playing

She

was

fishing

It

was

sleeping

You

were

playing

We

were

fishing

They

were

sleeping

d) Subject + was / were + what : To describe people, things, place or time

Subject

Verb (to be)

Descriptive (adj)

He

was

happy

She

was

worried

It

was

hungry

I

was

surprised

You

were

angry

We

were

cold

They

were

young

5


2) Compound sentence

A compound sentence is a sentence with 2 simple sentences joined by a conjunction.

The conjunctions are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Tips: The first letter of each conjunction when put together forms the word ‘FANBOYS’.)

Subject

Verb

Object

Conjunction

Subject

Verb

Object

You

can take

a bus

or

you

can take

a taxi

Ali

played

football

and

Maria

went

shopping

Ali

played

football

but

Maria

played

netball

3) Complex sentence

A complex sentence is a sentence or a phrase joined by one or more simple sentences. A complex sentence always has a connector such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.

Subject He

Verb

Object

Connectors

handed in

his homework

that

Subject he

Verb had completed

Object yesterday

6


Teacher

returned

the homework

They

stopped

studying

after before

she

noticed

the error

Maria

left

them

Past Tense Singular

I You He She

(verb)

Plural

(verb)

We

shouted

You

sang

They

lied

shouted sang lied

It

Study these pictures. Write a story in 15 sentences, using the simple past tense. The first picture has been done for you.

7


(source : The MAS Programme Form3- Sektor Pengurusan Akademik JPN Kedah)

Example ; Wake up David woke up in the middle of the night. 1. David woke up in the middle of the night.

8


2. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 9. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 10.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 11.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 12.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 13.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 14.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 15.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

9


MODALS A modal is a verb form that helps to give a special meaning to another verb. These added meanings include ability, doubt and permission. ‘Modal’ adalah sejenis kata kerja yang membantu memberi maksud yang khas kepada kata kebenaran’. Modal Verb Function (Fungsi) Example (Contoh) may a) to request or express • May I eat out tonight? might (past permission (meminta atau • Yes, you may. tense) memberi kebenaran) b) to show possibility • She may buy that ring. (menunjukkan kemungkinan) can a) to show ability (menunjukkan • My mother says that we can could (past kebolehan) go to the movies. tense) b) to seek or give permission • Can I see your picture? (meminta atau memberi kebenaran) c) to show possibility • Playing on the road can be (menunjukkan kemungkinan) dangerous. will a) to express request • Would you shut the door would (past (menunjukkan permintaan) please? tense) b) to invite or to offer • Would you like some tea? (menjemput atau menawarkan) c) to promise (berjanji) • I will help you with your homework. must a) to express certainty • She must be worried. She has (menunjukkan kepastian) been walking up and down. b) to show necessity • You must come for the (menunjukkan keperluan) meeting. shall a) to suggest (mencadang) • Shall we listen to the radio? b) to offer (menawar) • I shall help you tonight. should a) to advise (menasihat) • You should respect your elders. b) to express probability • He should have finished by (menunjukkan kemungkinan) now. ought to a) to advise (menasihat) • She ought to read more books. b) to express obligation • You ought to be polite to your (menunjukkan kewajiban) teachers. need to a) to express necessity • We need to get our teacher’s (menunjukkan keperluan) permission before leaving the classroom. have to a) to express obligation • I have to attend today’s class (menunjukkan kewajiban) because I was absent yesterday.

10


Activity 1 Rewrite the following sentences using ‘must’ or ‘should’. Example Obey all the school rules. You should obey all the school rules. 1. Follow road safety rules. ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Queue up when getting onto the bus. ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Do not play on the road. ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. Use zebra crossing or overhead bridge. ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. Wait until the vehicles stop before you cross at a zebra crossing. ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. Do not throw things out of moving cars. ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. Always use your seat belt when travelling in a car. ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. Do not rush out of a bus. Wait until the bus stops. ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. Do not rush across the busy road. ___________________________________________________________________________ 10.Never play on the road. ___________________________________________________________________________ 11.Never walk by yourself on a lonely road. ___________________________________________________________________________ 12.Never take lifts from a stranger. ___________________________________________________________________________

11


Activity 2 Study the table below. If we do this 1. careless

What will happen? Accidents may occur.

2. obey traffic rules 3. crossing without looking left and right 4. use zebra crossings / overhead bridges 5. walk in the direction where you see the oncoming traffic 6. play on the road

You will be safe. You may be knocked down by an oncoming vehicle.

What can / should we do? Always be alert of your surroundings. Understand and obey the rules. Look left and right / Wait for the traffic light to go green.

safe / fewer accidents

Do not run across the road.

able to see the oncoming traffic

Could avoid accidents

You may be knocked down.

7. tell our parents where we are going 8. walk in a group

They will not worry about us.

Never play on the road / wait at the pavement for transport Always let our parents know our whereabouts. Do not walk alone.

9. run across the road 10.walk alone late at night 11.wear a lot of jewellery 12.talk to a stranger 13.take a lift from a stranger

You will be able to protect one another. You may be knocked down. Other drivers may not see you / You may be a target to criminals You may be a target to snatch thieves. You may be a target to kidnappers You might be kidnapped

Always use the zebra crossing / overhead bridge. Avoid dark areas / Avoid wearing dark clothing / Travel in pairs or in groups Never wear a lot of jewellery in public / never show your jewellery to the public Do not speak to strangers or suspicious people Take a lift from someone you know well.

Construct sentences based on the table above. Example a. If you walk in a group, you will be able to protect one another. b. You should not take a lift from a stranger because you might be kidnapped. Therefore, you must only take a lift from someone you know well. 1. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

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2. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 6. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 7. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 8. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 9. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 10.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

13


Prepositions

14


Prepositions of Place Preposition •

•

in (dalam)

• • •

•

•

• •

•

• • • • •

Example in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi

picture, world (gambar, dunia) next to, by an object for table (utk meja) for events

•

•

at the cinema, at school, at work

• • • • • •

a place where you are to do something routine (watch a film, study, work) attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport

• •

hang the picture on the wall Melanau village lies on the Oya River. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane

•

for television, radio

•

left or right of somebody or something

•

on TV, on the radio Aini is standing by / next to / beside the car.

•

on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else lower than something else but above ground covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across)

•

the bag is under the table

•

the fish are below the surface

• • •

put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge

•

climb over the wall

•

a path above the lake

•

walk across the bridge

• • •

• • •

in the picture, in the world at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party

at (di) •

•

Usage room, building, street, town, country (bilik, bangunan, jalan, bandar, negara) book, paper etc. (buku, kertas) car, taxi (kereta, teksi)

on

by, next to, beside (di tepi) Under (di bwah) below (bawah)

over

• • • •

• •

above

•

across

• •

• • • • •

overcoming an obstacle higher than something else, but not directly over it getting to the other side (also

15


Preposition

Usage

Example

over) • •

through

• •

•

to

•

• •

into

•

towards

•

onto

•

from

• •

• •

getting to the other side something with limits on top, bottom and the sides movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed enter a room / a building movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it) movement to the top of something in the sense of where from

• •

swim across the lake drive through the tunnel

• •

go to the cinema go to Kulim / Malaysia

•

go to bed

• •

go into the kitchen / the house go 5 steps towards the house

•

jump onto the table

•

a flower from the garden

Prepositions of Time Preposition • on

•

in

• • • • • • •

•

•

since (semenjak)

for (selama)

•

before (sebelum) to / till / until (sehingga) till / until (sehingga) By

• •

•

a certain point of time (when?)

•

from a certain point of time (past till now)

•

over a certain period of time (past till now) earlier than a certain point of time marking the beginning and end of a period of time in the sense of how long something is going to last in the sense of at the latest

• • • •

• • • •

after a certain period of time (when?) for night for weekend

at (pada)

•

•

Usage days of the week months / seasons time of day year

•

Example on Monday in August / in winter in the morning/ afternoon/ evening in 2006

• • •

in an hour at noon/night at the weekend at half past nine

•

since 1980

•

for 2 years

•

before 2004

•

from Monday to/till Friday

•

He is on holiday until Friday.

•

I will be back by 6 o’clock.

16


Preposition

Usage •

•

up to a certain time

Example By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages.

Other Important Prepositions English • from

• •

•

by

• •

•

on

•

in

•

off

•

out of

• • • • •

• •

• •

Example a present from Johari a page of the book

of •

•

Usage who gave it who/what does it belong to

by at

• •

what does it show who made it walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle entering a car / Taxi leaving a public transport vehicle leaving a car / Taxi rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horse-riding) for age

• •

the picture of a horse a book by Mark Twain

•

on foot, on horseback

•

get on the bus

•

get in the car

•

get off the train

•

get out of the taxi

•

prices have risen by 10 percent

•

by car, by bus

•

she learned Russian at 45

Exercise 1: Prepositions – Place Complete the exercise according to the picture. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

_________the picture, I can see a woman. The woman is sitting ______________a table. She is sitting ________________a chair. There is another chair _______________the woman. Her feet are ________________the table The woman is holding a cup ______________her hands. ______________the table are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment calendar, two pens and a muffin. 8. The woman is looking _____________her laptop. 9. The woman's bag is _______________the table.

17


Exercise 2: Prepositions – Place Complete the exercise according to the picture. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

____________the picture, there are four people. A couple is sitting ______________the table. They are sitting ________________chairs. The drinks are ______________the table. One woman is standing _____________the table. ______________her is a man who is barbecuing.

Exercise 3: Prepositions – Place Complete the exercise according to the picture. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

_____________ the picture, there are three kids. The girl is standing ______________the two boys. The shorter boy is _______________the right. He has a gameboy _______________his hands. The kids are looking ________________his gameboy.

Exercise 4: Prepositions – Time Fill in the correct prepositions. 1. Samy is playing tennis _______________Sunday. 2. My brother's birthday is __________________the 5th of November. 3. My birthday is _________________May. 4. We are going to see my parents ______________the weekend. 5. _______________ 2009, a great fire broke out in Sungai Petani. 6. I don't like walking alone in the streets _________________night. 7. What are you doing ___________________the afternoon? 8. My friend has been living in Changlun ___________________two years. 9. I have been waiting for you ________________seven o'clock. 10. I will have finished this essay ________________Friday. Exercise 5: Prepositions – Time Choose the correct prepositions. 1. What are you doing ________________the weekend? 2. I don't know yet. Maybe I'll go to the cinema _______________Saturday. 3. That's interesting. I haven't been to the cinema _________________so many years. 4. We could go there together ______________the afternoon. 5. That would be great. But I would prefer to go there _______________the evening. I am

visiting my grandma _________________Saturday. 6. That's okay. The film starts ________________eight o'clock. 7. I can pick you up _________________half past seven. How long does the film last?

18


8. It lasts __________________two hours and forty-five minutes. 9. But I must hurry home _________________the film. 10. I have to be home ______________________eleven o'clock.

Exercise 6: ‘since’ and ‘for’ 1. I have been waiting ………………………… 4 o’clock. 2. Sue has only been waiting …………………….. 20 minutes. 3. Ali and Samy have been learning English ………………… six years. 4. Chun and Jim have been learning French …………………….. 1998. 5. Joe and Josephine have been playing ……………………this morning. 6. I haven’t been on holiday …………………….. last July. 7. Mary has been saving her money …………………… many years. 8. I haven’t eaten anything ………………………… breakfast. 9. You have been watching TV ……………………… hours. 10. We have been living here ……………………… 2 months.

Exercise 7: Prepositions – A picture Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Look _________________this painting. ________________the painting, you can see a little girl. So, it is a painting _________________a girl. A famous painter painted it. So it is a painting _________________a famous painter. 5. My grandma once owned the painting, but she gave it to me on my birthday. So it is a picture _________________my grandma.

Exercise 8: Prepositions – McDonald’s Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions. The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened ……..(1)……… Dick and Mac McDonald ………(2)……….. the 15th ……..(3)………. May 1940. The best selling products …..(4)….. their restaurant were hamburgers. So the McDonald brothers thought …..(5)….. a way to produce hamburgers more quickly.

This was introduced …..(6)….. 1948 and became known as the

Speedee Service System. The first franchised McDonald’s restaurant was opened …..(7)….. 1953, and today you can find McDonald’s restaurants …..(8)….. more than 100 countries. 1. A

under

B

for

C

by

19


2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

A A A A A A A

since of by on in at above

B B B B B B B

on for in of on till in

C C C C C C C

of on for over between in at

Adapted from /www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions

To- infinitive The infinitive is the base form of a verb. Examples are: write, run, break, read, walk etc. The infinitive may be preceded by the marker to. It is then called the to-infinitive. Examples of to-infinitives are given below: • I want to go. • Birds love to sing. • To err is human. • He refused to go.

Recognizing an infinitive when you see one. To sneeze, to smash, to cry, to scream, to jump, to go, to read, to eat, to walk—all of these are infinitives. An infinitive will almost always begin with ‘to’ followed by the simple form of the verb, like this: to + base form of a verb = infinitive Important Note: Because an infinitive is not a verb, you cannot add ‘s’, ‘es’, ‘ed’, or ‘ing’ to the verb. Examples:

1. To sleep is the only thing Farid wants after his examination. 2. 3. 4. 5.

She likes to sing. The best thing to do now is to rest. It is time to go. Yesterday, he planned to travel to Kuala Lumpur.

Exercise 1: Fill in the correct infinitive forms to the given verb forms. verb form 1

discusses

2

whispered

3

jumps

4

cooking

infinitive

20


5

changing

6

sent

7

buys

8

saw

9

misses

10

carries

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks. A ship was sailing through dangerous waters. It had (1)………………………………. (move) its way slowly and carefully through rocks surrounding the sea. Suddenly, a terrified voice broke the silence, crying. “Help! Help!” A passenger had fallen into the sea while leaning too far out from the railings of the deck. The other passengers crowded round. Some ran off (2) ……………………….. (inform) the captain. Within seconds, the captain and his crew arrived at the scene. They threw a lifebuoy into the water (3)………………………… (help) save the passenger. The lifebuoy drifted towards him. He reached out and tried (4)…………………………………… (grab) it. By that time, a rescue team from the crew had reached him. After several tries (5) ………………………………… (haul) him up, they succeeded. Everyone on board cheered.

ANSWER KEYS FOR PREPOSITION EXERCISES: Exercise 1 1. In 5. under 9. under Exercise 2 1. In 5. in front of Exercise 3 1. In

6.

2. In

2.

2.

at 7.

3. On

at

3. 6.

between

3.

on 8.

4. At

on Behind

4.

On

on

4.

In

opposite /in front of

5.

at

Exercise 4

21


1. 6.

on at

2. 7.

on in

3. 8.

In for

4. 9.

at since

5. 10.

In by

Exercise 5 1. at 6. at

2. 7.

on at

3. 8.

for for

4. 9.

in after

5. 10.

in,on by

2.

for

3.

for

4.

since

5.

7.

for

8.

since

9.

for

10.

for

Exercise 7 1. at

2.

In

3.

of

4.

by

5.

from

Exercise 8 1. C 6. A

2. 7.

B C

3. 8.

A B

4.

B

5.

B

Exercise 6 1. since since 6. since

ANSWER KEYS FOR TO-INFINITIVES EXERCISES Exercise 1 1. to discuss 2. to whisper 4. to cook 5. to change 7. to buy 8. to see 10. to carry Exercise 2 1. to move

2. to inform

Sentence connectors Sentence connectors To show similarity - Similarly - Likewise To show contrast - On the other hand - In contrast - However - Nevertheless - Despite that / this - Instead - Although

3. to help

Meaning Begitu juga

-

Berbeza dengan Walau bagaimanap un Namun

3. 6. 9.

to jump to send to miss

4. to grab

5. to haul

Examples My two uncles have opened a business in Kuala Lumpur. Similarly, I will open one after my studies. She was late and I, likewise was delayed. Ali worked hard. On the other hand/ in contrast / however, Halim hardly did any work at all. Mr and Mrs Kana are old, nevertheless they are still very active. Ahmad did not answer. Instead, he looked

22


out of the taxi window. Although Kim Long sprained his ankle, he came to school. To show result - As a consequence - For this reason - Therefore - As a result - Consequently - Hence - Thus - Because of this

To show addition / listing - Moreover - Besides - Also - In addition - Furthermore - First / first of all / firstly/ to begin with - Secondly - Thirdly

To show time - Afterwards - First ….then - At first - In the meantime - Meanwhile

-

Akibatnya Atas sebab ini Oleh itu

He passed his examination. Therefore / Thus / Hence / Accordingly / Consequently, he had some good news to tell his parents. He lacks motivation to practise music. Therefore, he can't become a good musician.

-

-

Tambahan pula Lagi pun Tambahan pula Pertama Sebagai permulaann ya Kedua Ketiga

Selepas itu Mula-mula …kemudian Pada mulanya, Dalam pada itu

Living in a big city offers good job opportunities. Also, it provides good educational opportunities. Ali plays football. Moreover/ Besides/ Also, he plays tennis. Mei Mei writes short stories. In addition, she writes articles for a newspaper. To complete his homework, Jack went through various history books. Furthermore, he took notes from several encyclopedias. I prefer to buy fruit and vegetables in the open market because they are quite cheap there. Besides, they are much fresher than those sold at the greengrocers’. Owning a car has some advantages. Firstly, it gives you comfort. Secondly, it saves you a lot of time. Thirdly, it gives you great freedom of movement. I read the morning papers for a while. Afterwards, I took a shower. First pick up the receiver and then insert a coin into the coin-box. At first, I had great difficulty with grammar. Later, however , I was able to overcome the difficulty by studying hard. The party is on Tuesday, but in the meantime I have to shop and prepare the food. They'll be here soon. Meanwhile, let's have

23


coffee. To show example - For example - For instance

To explain - In other words

To show negative condition - …or else - Otherwise To summarize - In summary - In brief - In short - In conclusion - To sum up

-

Sebagai contoh

There are many uses of water, for example, drinking, cooking, irrigation and running industrial plants.

-

Dengan perkataan lain

The brochure dealt with travelling in Morocco. That is/In other words/Namely, it discussed transportation, currency, and language.

-

…atau tidak… Kalau tidak

You should stop teasing the poor little boy, or else, I’ll tell your mother of your act. You must study hard. Otherwise, you’ll fail.

Secara ringkasnya Kesimpulannya

In summary/In brief/In short/In conclusion/To sum up, there are a lot of advantages of having a healthy food fair in the school.

Analysis of PMR Guided Writing Questions

24


YEAR

SECTION A

2002

Informal Letter

2003

Giving opinion

2004

Speech

2005

Report based on pictures

2006

Informal Letter based on notes given

2007

Story based on pictures

2008

Speech based on poster about safety in school

2009

An Article – A visit to old folks’ home

2010

Story based on pictures

General Guidelines for GUIDED WRITING [30 marks -- 40 minutes] 1. Always read the question carefully and highlight what you need to do (task). Check the tone/pronoun needed.

25


2. Use the 40 minutes wisely: Use 5 minutes to plan your essay and organise your thoughts (what to write, how to elaborate on the points given). Then, use 30 minutes to write and 5 minutes to edit. 3. Remember to use all the points given. Cross out the points you have used so that not a single point is left out. 4. Remember to give relevant details or elaborate the points given. Use wHquestions to help you develop your points. 5. Vary your sentence structures so that your essay is not dull and monotonous. 6. Try to include an introduction (may copy from the question and check if you need to change the pronoun) and a conclusion. 7. Also, make sure your paragraphs are well-organised. 8. Read through your written piece and edit it. FORMAT OF A SPEECH/TALK Good morning to the principal, teachers and fellow students. I am honoured to be given this opportunity to talk on 'Health is Wealth'. ….................................................................................................................................. …....................................................................... ….................................................................................................................................... …................................................................................................................................... …............................................ Thank you.

FORMAT OF AN INFORMAL LETTER 66, Lrg. 8, Diamond Park, 08000 Sungai Petani, Kedah. 22 SEPT 2007. Dear Yati, ….................................................................................... …..................................................................................... …..................................................................

26


Yours sincerely, Ani

FORMAT OF A REPORT A VISIT TO OLD FOLKS' HOME At 8.30 a.m., 40 students and............................................................................. …........................................................................................................................................................... …....................................................................................................................................................... Reported by Christine (Secretary of Drama Club) FORMAT OF AN ARTICLE Health is Wealth Which is more important? …......................................... …................................................................ ............................................. ............................................................. …......................................................... ............................................................... Written by, Eric

FORMAT OF A DIALOGUE Example: Interview A reporter interviewed Julian at the school canteen. Reporter: …........................... Julian : …............................ Reporter: ….......................... Julian : …............................

FORMAT OF A NEWSPAPER REPORT ESCAPE OF ORANG UTAN

27


SUNGAI PETANI: …........................................................................................ ….................................................................................................................. …................................................................................................................

FORMAT OF A STORY It was raining heavily. …...................................................................................... …........................................................................................................................................ ….......................................................................................................................................

FORMAT OF A RECOUNT As I was walking home,......................................................................................... …....................................................................................................................................... …........................................................................................

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Guidelines

Greeting / Salutation   

Dear …………… – is most often used. You can use it for everyone, from your mother to a new pen-pal. My dear …………… - is used if you have a close relationship with someone, like your family or best friend. Dearest and My dearest ………… - are usually used only for people you love.

Opening Remarks  

How are you? I hope you are fine. What a surprise to hear from you.

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I received your letter yesterday / a few days ago How are you? I am sorry I couldn’t write earlier.

 

Closing Remarks    

That will be for now. I hope to hear from you soon. Please send my warmest regards to your family. Do write soon. I shall write again when I have time.

(adapted from Perak’s English Language Module 2009)

Salutation

The Format The Content

1, Jalan Bukit 25, Bukit Jana Heights, 34000 Taiping, Perak Darul Ridzuan.

Writer’s Address

2 July 2009

Date

Dear Fadzle, It was a wonderful surprise to hear from you ...................................................................... ............................................................................... .......................................................................... ............................................................................... ………………………………………………………... ........................................................................ ............................................................................... ............................................................................... ............................................................................... Do write to me again after your examinations. Until then, good luck in the exam!

Your friend, Ammy

Opening Remarks

Closing Remarks

Ending & Signature

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EVENTS: Teacher’s Day Celebration : Word list/ Glossary Word List advice (noun) advise (verb) aim/purpose/objective appreciate appreciation assembly celebrate/celebration ceremony chairman cheer/cheered clapped concert decorate/decorated delicious deliver (a speech) disperse/dispersed district education gather/gathered grand guest-of -honour guidance help officiate prepare/prepared present/presents presented principal proudly render speech state anthem/national anthem various wakil win/won

Meaning in BM nasihat menasihat tujuan/matlamat/objektif menghargai penghargaan perhimpunan meraikan upacara pengerusi bersorakan tepuk (tangan) konsert menghias sedap menyampaikan bersurai daerah pelajaran berkumpul meriah tetamu kehormat bimbingan bantuan merasmikan bersedia hadiah menyampaikan pengetua dengan bangganya memberi ucapan lagu negeri/lagu kebangsaan pelbagai representative menang

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Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with words from the word list to complete the following sentences. 1.

My school ____________________ Teacher’s Day last week.

2.

The _______________ started at 7.30 a.m.

3.

We sang the National Anthem, “Negaraku” and the state _________________ .

4.

The __________________ gave a speech.

5.

The aim of the __________________ was to show appreciation to teachers.

6.

The head prefect thanked the teachers for their __________________ and advice.

7.

The teachers and students played _________________ games.

8.

The students _______________ most of the games.

9.

We had a _________________ at the school hall.

10.

The principal ___________________ us to study hard.

Exercise 2 INFORMAL LETTER: MODEL QUESTION You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this question. Your school celebrated Teacher’s Day last week. Write a letter to a friend to describe this special occasion. Use these notes in your letter: 

Assembly at 7.30 am



Speech by principal – gave advice to students



Aim of celebration – show appreciation to teachers



Speech by head prefect



Activities carried out – games –class parties - concert

When writing your letter : • you may use all the notes • elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting • add any other relevant information • make sure it is not less than 120 words (30 marks) (adapted from Perak’s English Language Module 2009)

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INFORMAL LETTER: BEFORE WRITING, always remind your students to ask a few WH-questions to help them elaborate on the points given. No Ideas / Points given WH Question 1 Assembly at 7.30 a.m. * Where did the assembly take place? * Who attended the assembly? 2

3 4 5

Speech by principal – gave advice

* Was anybody invited? Who? * What was the main message of the

to students

speech?

Aim of celebration – show

* What advice did the principal give? * Why do students have to study hard

appreciation to teachers Speech by head prefect Activities carried out – games –

and develop good qualities? * What was the content of the message? * What games were played?

class parties - concert

* What did the winners get? * What was the food prepared? * What did you have in the concert? Singing? Dancing?

Points to be used in your answer:1. Assembly at 7.30 a.m. 2. Speech by principal – gave advice to students 3. Aim of celebration - show appreciation to teachers 4. Speech by head prefect 5. Activities carried out – games – class parties – concert

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Sample Answer 1 (Simple but clear) ** Note the simple connectors e.g. After that, Then, After 12 noon, Finally. Task : Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 123, Jalan Ibrahim, 08000 Sungai Petani Kedah. 22 May 2011 Dear Maslinda, How are you? I hope you are fine. My family and I are doing just

Dari soalan – tukar gantinama ‘Your’ kpd ‘My’.

fine. My school _____________ Teacher’s Day last week. Many students came that day.

The ____________ started at 7.30 a.m.

The

chairman of the PTA (PIBG) also came. We sang Negaraku and the state ___________.(lagu negeri) After that, the ____________ gave a speech. He __________ us to study hard and be good students. He also told us that the aim of the _____________ was to show appreciation to teachers. We should thank our teachers. Then the head prefect gave a speech. He thanked the teachers for their ___________ and advice. After

12

noon,

the

teachers

and

students

played

Point 1 (assembly) Point 2 (speech) Point 3 (Aim) Point 4 (head prefect’s) speech Point 5 ( Activities)

some

___________ games like football, throwing balloons and other games. The students _________ most of the games. We won hampers. My class bought a big cake for the (class party). Finally, we had a ___________ in the school hall. I took part in the concert. I sang Michael Jackson’s ‘Beat It’. We were very happy that day. How about the Teacher’s Day celebration in your school? Do tell me about it in your next letter. Take care and bye. Your friend;

---- (remember to give a suitable ending )

M

ei Ling

Sample Answer 2:

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

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123,Jalan Ibrahim, 08000 Sg. Petani, Kedah. 22 May 2011 Dear Indra, How are you? I hope you are fine. My family and I are doing just fine. My school ____________ Teacher’s Day last week. Activities on that day started at 7.30 a.m. First, we had an ___________ in the school hall. The principal and all the teachers were seated on a colourful and nicely-decorated stage. The school principal __________ a speech. He reminded students to study hard and develop good qualities. This is our way of showing our ____________ to our teachers for their hard work. At the end of the speech, we clapped loudly to show our appreciation to our teachers. Then the Head Prefect delivered a speech. He thanked the teachers for their __________ and compassion all this while. He also recited a poem entitled “KASIH GURU”. This was followed by our class parties. At the parties, we ate the food that we had brought from home such as fried noodles, cakes and sandwiches. We also sang, danced and played indoor games. I enjoyed playing ‘Musical Chairs’. After 12 noon, some outdoor games were played. That was the most exciting event of the day. Teachers and students played __________ interesting games like sack race, football, throwing balloons and other relay games. The students won most of the games. The final event was a concert. Popular songs were rendered by some students and traditional dances were performed by the Cultural Club. By then, we were all tired but happy because we had had a whale of a time that day. How about the Teacher’s Day celebration in your school? Do tell me about it in your next letter. Take care and bye. Your friend; Azmilia

INFORMAL LETTER: MODEL QUESTION

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You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this question. Your school held the annual Prize Giving Day last week. Write a letter to a friend to describe this special occasion. Use these notes in your letter: 

Students and guests gather at the hall – hall, well-decorated



Speech by principal – congratulated students – advised students to study hard



Aim of celebration – to reward students for their hard work - to motivate students to work harder - you won a prize – second position in the class.



Performance by students – cultural dances by students of various races ( Malay dance, a Chinese dance, an Indian dance) - choir presentation



Prize giving ceremony – by guest-of-honour – The District Education Officer Prizes for

a) good academic results b) active participation in co-curriculum c) service to the school d) full attendance to school



Closing - a refreshment at the canteen

When writing your letter : • you may use all the notes • elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting • add any other relevant information • make sure it is not less than 120 words (30 marks)

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PERSONAL EXPERIENCE Sighting of a snake Word List attack/attacked bring/brought bushes catch/caught experience frightened frightening help hit lift/lifted moving roll/rolled sack safe scream/screamed shocked sticks thankful tie/tied walking past will not/ would not

Meaning in BM menyerang bawa semak-samun menangkap pengalaman rasa takut menakutkan bantuan pukul mengangkat Bergerak berguling karung selamat menjerit rasa terkejut kayu bersyukur ikat berjalan lalu tidak akan

Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with words from the word list to complete the following sentences. 1. I had a _______________ experience. 2. My friends and I _________ _________________ football at a public field. 3. My friend ________________ the ball to me. 4. The ball rolled into some ___________________. 5. I saw a snake and I was __________________ and frightened. 6. I ____________________ for help. 7. A teacher was passing __________. 8. He used the stick to _____________ the snake. 9. Then he ___________ the snake with the hockey stick. 10. We were ________________ to God that everyone was safe.

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1

2 Unit Bahasa Inggeris JPN Kedah – ENGLISH MODULE 2 2011–PMR –PAPER 2

Execise 2 : Guided Essay Practice Last week you and your friends were playing football when you saw a snake in some bushes. Write a letter to your friend to tell him/her about the incident.

3

4

evening – playing – public field – suddenly – kicked ball – bushes – ran – get ball

5

saw – big snake –shouted – friends

6

brought sticks –hit snake

snake attacked – frightened – ran away

teacher – passing by – saw

used hockey stick – sack – caught snake

[ When writing your letter, • you may use all the notes given • elaborate on the given notes to make your letter more interesting make sure it is not less than 120 words

38


Informal Letter BEFORE WRITING, always remind your students to use WH-questions to help them give details on the notes given. Picture 1

2

3

4

5

6

Statement / Points given

WH Questions to help you elaborate on th

evening – play football

* Where was the public field?

public field - kicked ball

* Who were playing with you?

bushes

* Who kicked the ball?

ran – get ball

* What happened to the ball?

saw big snake –

* Who saw the snake – big/long, colour?

frightened –called friends

* What did you and your friends do?

brought sticks –

* What did you and your friends bring?

hit snakes

* What happened?

- snake attacked

* Give your teacher a name?

- frightened

* What did he do?

- ran away

* Why did you run away?

Teacher passed by

* Give your teacher a name?

- saw snake

* What did he do?

used hockey stick

* * what did the teacher do?

sack

* what is the use sack?

caught snake

* what did the teacher do after that?

Guidelines in writing the letter 1. Format – a letter format – introduction, body and closing 2. Introduction – use greetings –‘How are you?’ and aim of writing this letter 3. Body – use all the points and write in paragraphs 4. Concluding paragraph - hope to hear from your friend 5. Tone – a friendly letter – friendly tone 6. Tenses - you are telling your friend your experience – use the past tense

39


Sample Answer 1 (Simple but clear) ** Note the simple connectors e.g. After that, Then, After 12 noon, Finally. Exercise 2 : Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 123, Jalan Ibrahim, 08000 Sungai Petani Kedah. 22 May 2011 Dear Azman How are you? I hope you are fine. My family and I are doing just fine. I had a _____________ experience when my friends and I were __________ football last week. The public field was near my school. Let me tell you about the experience. Last Friday, at about 5 o’ clock, my friends and I went to the public field near our school to play football.

Dari soalan – tukar gantinama ‘You’ kpd ‘I’. ----- Picture 1 (playing football,) what happened to the ball)

About 10 minutes later,

Roslan _________ the ball to me but it rolled into some ________ nearby. I quickly ran towards the bushes to get the ball. I suddenly saw a big, black snake and I was ___________ and frightened.

I

----- Picture 2 (saw snake, feeling?)

_____________ and called out to my friends to help. Amin and Sanjay quickly ran to look for sticks. Soon they brought some sticks and we began to hit the snake. The snake got angry and attacked us. We were very frightened and ran away. We shouted for help. Luckily, at that time, our teacher, Encik Osman was passing ____ and he saw the snake. He had a hockey stick in his car. He ran to his

---- Picture 3 (sticks) ----- Picture 4 (snake attacked) ----- Picture 5 (teacher passed by)

car to get it. He used the hockey stick to _____ the snake. He hit the snake hard until it stopped moving. Next, he ________ the snake and put it into a sack. He quickly tied the sack with a string. After that, he

----- Picture 6 (teacher caught snake)

took the sack away. When the snake was caught, we were already tired. We decided to go home.

We were __________ to God that everyone was safe.

Azman, it was a real frightening experience and I hope it would not happen again. By the way, I heard that you went camping with your friends last week. How was it? I hope you can write to tell me about it ok.

---- (Remember to give an ending)

That’s all for now, bye and hope to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely,

Rashid 40


Exercise 3: Parallel Writing One evening while you were walking home, you heard a scream. Using the pictures and notes below, write a letter to your friend to tell him/her about the incident.

walking home – playground – children playing – tall grass

ran – saw snake – girl terrified

grabbed girl’s hand – ran home – told father

heard scream – saw girl

took off shirt – threw over snake

father – other men – searched – no snake – cut grass

When writing your letter, • you may use all the notes • elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting • make sure it is not less than 120 words

41


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Writing Articles General guidelines 1. Articles can be divided into a few types. There are articles for school magazines, brochures, newsletters and newspapers. 2. Articles are usually short and to the point. 3. Language used in articles must be simple. 4. Read the question given carefully. Understand the short notes given. 5. When you have understood the notes given, expand these notes. 6. You may use your own ideas to make the article more interesting. 7. Know who you are waiting for. This allows you to write with your readers in mind. 8. Arrange your points in paragraphs. Each main idea should have some supporting ideas. 9. Give your article a suitable title. 10.Read through to make sure you have no careless mistakes in spelling, punctuation, grammar, etc.

How To Save the Environment/River – Wordlist WORDLIST air appliances authorities car pool construction destroy dumping/dump energy environment factories fines hose household impose industrial pollutants pollute pollution protect public transport recycling bin reduce report

MEANING IN BM udara kelengkapan pihak berkuasa berkongsi kereta pembinaan memusnahkan tempat pembuangan/buang kuasa alam sekitar kilang denda hos air dalam rumah megenakan industry bahan-bahan mencemarkan mencemarkan pencemaran melindungi kenderaan awam tong kitar semula mengurangkan laporan

43


river sungai rubbish sampah-sarap save selamatkan switch off memadamkan tap paip air throwing membuang waste sisa water air Activity 1 Fill in the blanks with a suitable word from the wordlist. 1. There are many ways to save the ___________. 2. We must learn how to _______ water. 3. We should use a pail instead of using a _________ to wash our cars. 4. Puan Aminah uses collected rain ________ to water her rose plants. 5. Make sure you turn off the _______ while brushing your teeth. 6. We can use the collected rain water to carry out the _______ chores. 7. We should _________the electrical appliances when we are not using them. 8. We can also buy ________saving bulbs. 9. We must _______ the air. 10. We can share our vehicles in order to _______ air pollution.

Activity 2 Write an article on “How to Save the Environment” for your school bulletin. Use the notes below to help you to write the article. HOW TO SAVE THE ENVIRONMENT Tips to protect the environment: Save water o wash car – do not use hose o collect rain water o turn off tap – after use Save energy o switch off – appliances – not in use o do not watch television – late at night o use energy-saving bulbs Protect the air o car pool – reduce pollution o use public transport o impose heavy fines – factories – pollute When writing your article: o you may use all the notes given

44


o o o Body A P1 P2 P3

elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting add any other relevant information make sure it is not less than 120 words Statement/Points given Save water • wash car – do not use hose • collect rain water • turn off the tap – after use

Body B P4 P5 P6

Save energy • switch off – appliances – not in use • do not watch television – late at night • buy energy-saving bulbs

Body C P7 P8 P9

Protect the air • car pool – reduce pollution • use public transport • impose heavy fines – factories – pollute

WH -questions • What can we do to save water? • How do we save water? •

How do we save energy?

•

How do we prevent pollution? What actions could be taken? How?

• •

BEFORE WRITING, always remind your students to ask a few WH questions to get ideas on how to expand the given points.

45


Complete the article below with the words from the wordlist. Activity 3 Rearrange the following sentences into the correct sequence. Number the correct sequence in the column on the right. Apart from that, we have to save energy. Last but not least, we must protect the air. There are many ways that we can do to save the environment. First of all, we should save water. In conclusion, we should follow the above tips to help save the environment. For example, we should switch off the electrical appliances when we are not using them. We must work hand in hand in order to achieve our objective above. Other than that we should not watch television until late at night to save electricity Instead of using a hose, we should use a pail to wash cars. Next, it is advisable to turn off the tap after using it. We can also purchase energy saving bulbs. We can use collected rain water to water plants or carry out other household chores. One of the ways is by car pooling. The relevant authorities should impose fines on factories which pollute the How To Save The Environment environment. Moreover we should always use public transport such as buses and taxis to go areofmany to ourThere places work.ways that we can do to save the _________(1). We must work hand in hand in order achievewe ourcan objective When we share ourtovehicles, reduceabove. air pollution. First of all, we should save water. (Body A) Instead of using a _______(2), we should use a pail to wash cars. We can use collected _________(3) water to water plants or carry out other _________(4) chores. Next, it is advisable to turn off the _______(5) after using it.

P1 P2 P3

Apart from that, we have to save ________(6). (Body B) For example, we should ___________(7) the electrical __________(8) when we are not using them. Other than that we should not watch television until late at night to save electricity. We can also purchase energy saving bulbs. Last but not least, we must _______(9)the air. ( Body C ) One of the ways is by car pooling. When we share our vehicles, we can reduce air ________(10). Moreover we should always use _____________(11) such as buses and taxis to go to our places of work. The relevant authorities should ________(12) fines on factories which pollute the environment.

P4 P5 P6

P7 P8 P9

In conclusion, we should follow the above tips to help save the environment. Written by Eric

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Activity 4 Parallel Writing. Write an article on “ Save our Rivers” for your school bulletin. Use the notes below to help you write the article. SAVE OUR RIVERS •

Why we need rivers  Provide drinking water-food  Source of water for crops

•

What causes river pollution  Main cause-pollutants dumped-rivers  Three types of pollutants-household, construction and industrial waste

•

What can we do  Stop throwing household waste – throw into recycle bins  Think proper way – get rid of construction and industrial waste.  Report to the authorities – see people dumping into rivers.

When writing your article: o you may use all the notes given o elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting o add any other relevant information o make sure it is not less than 120 words The Importance of Reading/ English Language WORDLIST age beneficial boredom business educational effort enjoyable examination habit imagination importance improve increases information technology international keep away knowledge language major meeting non-educational official pass

MEANING IN BM zaman berfaedah kebosanan perniagaan pendidikan usaha menyeronokkan peperiksaan tabiat/kebiasaan imaginasi/khayalan kepentingan meningkatkan/memperbaiki meningkatkan teknologi maklumat antarabangsa menghindarkan pengetahuan bahasa utama mesyuarat bukan bersifat pendidikan rasmi lulus

47


pastime queue reading vocabulary

waktu lapang berbaris/beratur membaca perbendaharaan kata

Activity 1 Fill in the blanks with the words from the wordlist. 1. Reading is a good ____________ that we should practise. 2. Reading is an __________ and beneficial pastime. 3. Reading can ____________ our knowledge. 4. We have to read in order to pass our _____________. 5. Reading helps to increase our _______________. 6. By reading, we can keep away __________. 7. We can read while waiting in a _____________. 8. Reading is also __________. 9. It is better to read rather than to watch ____________programmes on television. 10. Reading should be a ________________ for the young and old.

Activity 2 You are the president of the Library Club of your school. In conjunction with “The Instilling Reading Habits Week’” you have been asked to write an article for your school Newsletter. Based on the notes given below, write an article on “The importance of Reading.”

      

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE READING increases knowledge helps pass examination increases vocabulary helps keep away boredom be a habit – read anywhere educational pastime everyone should read – young and old

Complete the Article below with the words from the wordlist. The Importance of Reading Reading is an __________(1) and beneficial ________(2). Everybody knows that reading is an important activity in our life. Why reading is important? First of all, reading ________(3) one’s knowledge. As students, we have to read our textbooks in order to pass our ___________(4). Besides reading the textbooks, we can increase our knowledge by reading

Intro-duction Point 1 Point 2 (detail 1)

48


educational magazines, newspaper, encyclopedia and other reading materials. Furthermore, reading a lot will increase our _________(5) especially if we want to improve our English. Secondly, reading helps to keep away ________(6). When we read, it is like we are being taken to places all around the world. It feels like we are also in the story or the book. Reading can enhance our ________(7). Next, reading should be made a habit. We can read anytime or ________(8). For example, we can read while waiting in a ________(9), for the doctor, the bus or waiting for someone. As students, we can read while waiting for the teacher to enter the classroom. Reading is also an _________(10) pastime as compared to watch non-educational programmes on television. However, watching noneducational programmes can only gives us satisfaction without getting any useful knowledge. Finally, everyone should read. It should be a habit for the young as well as the old. Reading should be listed in our daily activities. Written by, Nurul Dianah 3 Bestari 1

Point 3 Point 4 (detail 2) Point 5 Point 6

Point 7

Point 8 Close

Activity 3 Rearrange the following sentences into the correct sequence. Number the correct sequence in the column on the right. Secondly, reading helps to keep away boredom. Why reading is important? Finally, everyone should read. Besides reading the textbooks, we can increase our knowledge by reading educational magazines, newspaper, encyclopedia and other reading materials. Reading is an enjoyable and beneficial pastime. When we read, it is like we are being taken to places all around the world. Reading can enhance our imagination. For example, we can read while waiting in a queue, for the doctor, the bus or waiting for someone. Everybody knows that reading is an important activity in our life. First of all, reading increases one’s knowledge. However, watching non-educational programmes can only gives us satisfaction without getting any useful knowledge. Furthermore, reading a lot will increase our vocabulary especially if we want to improve our English. As students, we have to read our textbooks in order to pass our examination. Reading should be listed in our daily activities. Reading is also an educational pastime as compared to watch non-educational programmes on television. Next, reading should be made a habit.

49


It should be a habit for the young as well as the old. We can read anytime or anywhere. It feels like we are also in the story or the book. As students, we can read while waiting for the teacher to enter the classroom.

Activity 4 Parallel Writing. You are the president of the English Language Society of your school. In conjunction with “English Language Week’” you have been asked to write an article for the English Language Newsletter. Based on the notes given below, write an article on “The importance of the English Language.”

• • • • • •

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE International language Official language in business and major international meetings Used in the internet Important to know the language in age of technology Many books written in the English Take effort to improve.

When writing your article: o you may use all the notes given o elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting o add any other relevant information o make sure it is not less than 120 words

50


General guideline 1. Read and understand the notes and instructions carefully before you begin. 2. Study the picture / pictures carefully. 3. Ask yourself WH questions to help you; -

Where is the place?

-

Who are the people?

-

What are they doing?

-

What happened? / what is happening?

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-

When it is? (time)

4. For picture series, try to connect the ideas from one picture to the next. 5. Write down the words and ideas beside each picture. 6. Organize your ideas. Use linking words such as ‘After that’, ‘Later’. Write in 3 to 4 short paragraphs. 7. Elaborate each idea by adding interesting details. 8. Think about the conclusion. What happened in the end? 9. Try to have some moral values or lesson learnt from the story. 10.Keep the same tense. We usually use past tense to tell story or describe something that happened. 11.Give your story a suitable title. 12. Read through your composition. Check for mistake, especially in spelling, punctuation and grammar.

FLOOD: Word List

52


Word abandon alert banks belongings casualties contaminated critical current dangerous diseases distribute/distributes/distributing/ distributed dive/dives/diving/dived drag evacuate/evacuates/evacuating/ evacuated expose/exposes/exposing/exposed flash flood food shortage grab/grabs/grabbing/grabbed heavy rain / downpour inadequate level low area meteorological department mission overflow overjoyed pack plight relief camps relief centre rescue/save rescuer rise/rises/rising/rose roof safe scream severe shelter shut down struggle/struggles/struggling/ struggled supply swift / rapid swiftly / rapidly thunderstorm trauma unconscious victim weather forecast Activity 1:

Meaning in BM meninggalkan amaran kecemasan tebing harta benda kecederaan tercemar kritikal /teruk arus bahaya penyakit mengagihkan menyelam menarik memindahkan mendedahkan banjir kilat kekurangan makanan memegang / merangkul hujan lebat tidak mencukupi/ kekurangan aras kawasan rendah jabatan kaji cuaca misi melimpah sangat gembira kemas /bungkus pahit getir / kesusahan kem bantuan tempat/ pusat bantuan menyelamat penyelamat naik bumbung selamat menjerit sangat teruk tempat berlindung menutup/ memberhentikan meronta-ronta bekalan cepat/laju dengan cepat/laju rebut petir pengalaman buruk/dahsyat tidak sedarkan diri mangsa ramalan kaji cuaca

Fill in the blanks with words from the word list to complete the following sentences.

53


11.

There was _________________ for many days.

12.

The river _____________________ its banks.

13.

The village was ____________________.

14.

We packed our _______________________.

15.

We climbed to the ____________________ of our house.

16.

Siti’s mother ___________________ for help.

17.

I ________________ into the water.

18.

I swam to her and ____________________ her.

19.

The water was flowing ___________________.

20.

The water ___________________ us along.

21.

I _____________________ a branch and pulled myself up.

22.

I saw a _________________ boat.

23.

The men took us to a ________________________________ .

24.

The villagers were _________________________ to see us.

Activity 2:

54


Heavy rain had caused a flood in your village. Based on the pictures and notes given below, fill in the blanks to complete a recount of what happened.

C1 C2 heavy rain – river overflowed C3 banks – village flooded

C4 C5 my family – packed

C13 swiftly flowing water – C14 C15 dragged along – spotted tree – C16 C17 grabbed branch – sat long time

C18 C19 saw boat – shouted loudly – C20 rescued

important belongings – C6 climbed roof – house – C7 saw neighbours

C8 C9 five-year-old girl – fell into C10 water – mother screamed – I C11 C12 dived – grabbed her

C21 C22 school – everyone overjoyed C23 – parents thanked me

Taken from Fajar Bakti

Sample Essay:

55


Last week, there was ____________________ for many days. Soon

C1

the river _________________ its banks and the village was flooded. As the

C2, C3

water rose, my family and I quickly packed all our important

C4, C5

_________________. Then, we climbed to the ____________________ of

C6

our wooden house. We saw many of our neighbours also sitting on the

C7

roofs of their houses. Suddenly, Siti, a five-year-old girl, fell into the water. Her mother

C8, C9

_______________ for help. I immediately ______________ into the water.

C10, C11

I swam to Siti and ________________ her. The swiftly flowing water

C12, C13

_________________ us along. Then, I spotted a tree. I quickly grabbed a

C14,C15,C16

branch and pulled myself and Siti up. We sat on the branch for a long time.

C17

In the evening, I saw a boat. I shouted loudly and luckily the men in

C18,C19

the boat saw us. Finally we were _________________. The men took us

C20

to the school where the rest of the villagers were. Everyone was

C21

__________________ to see us. Siti’s parents thanked me for saving their

C22, C23

daughter.

Activity 3: Rearrange the following sentences in the correct sequence. Number the correct sequence in the column on the right.

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We saw many of our neighbours also sitting on the roofs of their houses. In the evening, I saw a boat. Soon the river overflowed its banks and the village was flooded. Last week, there was heavy rain for many days. Last week, there was heavy rain for many days. I shouted loudly and luckily the men in the boat saw us. Suddenly, Siti, a five-year-old girl, fell into the water. As the water rose, my family and I quickly packed all our important belongings. I quickly grabbed a branch and pulled myself and Siti up. Everyone was overjoyed to see us. Her mother screamed for help. Finally we were rescued. Then, we climbed to the roof of our wooden house. Siti’s parents thanked me for saving their daughter. I immediately dived into the water. The swiftly flowing water dragged us along. The men took us to the school where the rest of the villagers were. I swam to Siti and grabbed her. Then, I spotted a tree. We sat on the branch for a long time.

Activity 4: Parallel Writing Heavy rain had caused a flood in your village. Based on notes given below, write a recount of what happened. • downpour – drains overflowed– housing area flooded • my family – packed belongings – went upstairs – balcony • saw boy – fell – water – my father dived – grabbed him • swiftly flowing water – dragged along • I threw rope – father grabbed – pulled up • saw boat – shouted loudly – rescued • relief centre – safe • boy’s family – thanked

TURNING OVER A NEW LEAF: WORD LIST

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Word apologise/apologises/apologised caught red-handed commit cyber café escape/escapes/escaped/escaping extort/extorts/extorted/extorting fine focus illegal jail/jails/jailed karaoke lounge loaf/loafs/loafed/loafing loiter/loiters/loitered/loitering manage/manages/managed/managing misbehaved/rude/impolite offence pass/passes/passed with flying colours persuade/persuades/persuaded/persuading pirated play/played/playing truant promise/promises/promised raid/raids/raided/raiding regret/regrets/regretted rob skip snatch steal/steals/stole/stealing stolen threaten/threatens/threatened/threatening turn/turns/turned over a new leaf vandalise/vandalises/vandalised/vandalising video arcade vow/vows/vowed

Meaning in BM meminta maaf ditangkap semasa melakukan kesalahan melakukan pusat internet terlepas/larikan diri peras ugut denda menumpukan perhatian melanggar undang-undang dipenjarakan pusat karaoke lepak lepak berupaya tidak bersopan salah laku lulus dengan cemerlang memujuk cetak rompak ponteng janji serbu menyesal merompak meninggalkan meragut mencuri yang dicuri mengancam menyesal dan memulakan kehidupan baru merosakkan harta benda pusat video ikrah/janji

Activity 1: Fill in th blanks with words from the word list to complete the following sentences. 1. Samad did not _________________ on his studies. 2.

He always ___________________________ because he did not like to go to school.

3.

He went to the ____________________________ to watch movies.

4.

He loved to sing at the ____________________________.

5.

He liked to hang out with __________________________ boys.

6.

His friends _____________________ him to sell pirated DVDs.

7.

His stall was __________________ by the police.

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8.

He _____________________ to escape.

9.

One day, while selling pirated DVDs, he was caught __________________________________ by the police.

10.

He was ______________________ for three months.

11.

He ______________________ for not listening to his mother.

12.

He ________________________ to work hard.

Activity 2: Using the pictures and notes below, write a story. Give a suitable title as well as an ending to your story.

Samad – 15-year-old boy – PMR – not focusing – played truant – video arcades – karaoke lounges –company of misbehaved students

failed his PMR - persuaded by friends - sell pirated DVDs

One day – sell DVDs – raid by police – managed to escape – continued selling DVDs

?

Later – caught red-handed – jailed – three months – fined RM5,000

Turning Over a New Leaf

Title

Samad was a 15-year-old boy. Although he would be sitting for his PMR examination in a few months, he was not _________________ on his

(Use past tense)

preparation. He often played ________________, preferring to spend his time

at

video

__________________

_________________ lounges.

He

and keeps

sometimes

at

company

of

____________________ students like him. Thus, it was not surprising that Samad failed his PMR examination. Soon

his

friends

______________________

him

to

sell

___________________ DVDs along a busy street. One day, when he was

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selling DVDs, there was a police _________________. He managed to __________________. It was a close shave. However, he was not scared. He continued to break the law by selling the DVDs. He

carried

on

his

illegal

trade

until

he

was

___________________________________ on the same street later. He was _________________ for three months and ____________________ RM5,000 for breaking the law. After completing his jail sentence, he was released.

He

Ending

_____________ his actions and ______________________________ not to

do

it

again.

He

promised

his

parents

not

to

___________________________ offences anymore but to change to a better

person.

Since

then,

Samad

actually

______________________________________________ and became a hard-working and honest boy. Adapted from SPOT Cemerlang

Activity 3: Rearrange the following sentences in the correct sequence. Number the correct sequence in the column on the right. Thus, it was not surprising that Samad failed his PMR examination. However, he was not scared. He continued to break the law by selling the DVDs. He often played truant, preferring to spend his time at video arcades and sometimes at karaoke lounges. After completing his jail sentence, he was released. He was jailed for three months and fined RM5,000 for breaking the law. He carried on his illegal trade until he was caught red-handed on the same street later. He regretted his actions and vowed not to do it again. Samad was a 15-year-old boy. Since then, Samad actually turned over a new leaf and became a hardworking and honest boy. Soon his friends persuaded him to sell illegal DVDs along a busy street. One day, when he was selling DVDs, there was a police raid. Although he would be sitting for his PMR examination in a few months, he was not focusing on his preparation. He managed to escape.

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It was a close shave. He promised his parents not to commit offences anymore but to change to a better person. He keeps company of misbehaved students like him.

Activity 4: Parallel Writing • Jeff – Form Three boy •

Lazy – played truant

•

Loitered – cyber café – Karaoke lounge

•

Friends persuaded – sell stolen watches

•

Police raid – caught – jailed

•

Regretted – apologised to parents

•

Turned over a new leaf – studied hard – passed examination

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General guidelines 1. Reports can be divided into a few types. There are reports for school magazines, brochures, newsletters and newspapers. 2. Reports are usually short and to the point. 3. Language used in report must be simple.

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4. Read the question given carefully. Understand the short notes given. 5. When you have understood the notes given, expand these notes. 6. You may use your own ideas to make the report more interesting. 7. Know who you are waiting for. This allows you to write with your readers in mind. 8. Arrange your points in paragraphs. Each main idea should have some supporting ideas. 9. Give your report a suitable title. 10.Read through to make sure you have no careless mistakes in spelling, punctuation, grammar, etc.

Report On An Event-Wordlist Word List announced audience ceremony cheer/cheered disperse/dispersed district education free/freed gather/gathered grand jubilantly march/marched most awaited occasion officiate organise/organised participant practise prepare/prepared principal proudly receive/received remind/reminded spectator speed support various warm up wave/waved win/won

Meaning in BM umumkan penonton upacara bersorakan bersurai daerah pelajaran membebaskan berkumpul meriah dengan penuh gembira. berkawad yang dinanti-nanti peristiwa merasmikan menganjurkan peserta mengamalkan bersedia pengetua dengan bangga menerima mengingatkan penonton memecut menyokong pelbagai memanaskan melambai menang

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Activity 1 Fill in the blanks with words from the word list to complete a report on an event. A REPORT ON SPORTS DAY On 15 June 2011, SMK Merpati [1]________________ a Sport Day. It was a grand [2]______________ of the school. There were flags and buntings everywhere in the school. Teachers and students prepared for the sports day several days before. On this day the Education District Officer came to [3]___________________ the Sport Day. In his speech, he reminded every student to practise good sporting spirit. When he freed a pair of pigeons into the air, the [4]_______________ cheered happily. Next, everyone [5]_____________ at the field. There was a march past by the uniforms units and sports houses. They marched proudly past the VIP and the audience. The sport houses teams were in tracks suits and caps. They brought their mascots along and waved at the audience. Everyone cheered and clapped their hands. After

the

march

past,

the

[6]_______________

of

various

events

started

to

[7]__________________ their bodies. The field events such as high jump and long jump started first. This was followed by 100m, 200m and relay events. These were the most awaited events of the day. When the referee shot to the air, the participants speed on their tracks. The spectators shouted to [8]________________ their sport houses. The green houses won in most of the events. Finally, it was time for the prize giving ceremony. The winners [9]______________ medals and trophies. The principal gave away the presents. Selvaraja Jason was [10]_________________ as the male athlete while Fatimah Alias was the female athlete. The last trophy was given to the Champion, the green house. The team members cheered [11]__________________. Before we [12]__________________, the Senior Teacher of Co-curriculum reminded everybody to clean up the school field. Overall, we enjoyed this sport day very much. Reported by: Alice (Secretary of Sport and Recreation Club)

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Activity 2 Rearrange these words into the correct order 1. On Sports 2011organised 15 June, SMK Merpati a Day ___________________________________________________________________ 2.

It the was grand a school occasion of

___________________________________________________________________ 3. Teachers sports and for several before students days prepared the day ___________________________________________________________________ 4.

On this Education day the District came the Officer to officiate Sports Day

___________________________________________________________________ 5. In reminded his sporting speech, he good student every to practise spirit ___________________________________________________________________ 6. Next, field at everyone the gathered ___________________________________________________________________ 7. After march past the participants, the various of started bodies events warm to up their ___________________________________________________________________ 8. When their referee the participants shot on to speed the air the tracks ___________________________________________________________________ 9. The shouted their to spectators support houses ___________________________________________________________________ 10. Finally giving time was the prize it for ceremony ___________________________________________________________________ 11. The received medals winners and trophies ___________________________________________________________________ 12. Before school Senior reminded we clean up the to Teacher field of Co-curriculum dispersed everybody the ___________________________________________________________________

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Activity 3 Sample Question Using the pictures and notes below, write a report for your school magazine about your experience during the cross country event at your school.

Gathered – briefing – rules – safety

waved flag – started to run

followed tracks – 4 check-points – tickets

reached – finishing line – winners

received trophies – happy – red house – champion

before dispersed – clean up – field

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Activity 4 Note Expansion : Construct meaningful sentences for the words below

Introduction

Paragraph 1

Paragraph 2

Paragraph 3

Ending

last week – school – organized – cross country. teacher – students – prepared – several days. flags – buntings – schools – grand occasion. 8.00 am – students gathered – school field. first – senior teacher – gave briefing – rules – reminded – safety before run – students – warm up President of Parents and Teacher Society - officiate – cross country. he waved flag – students cheered – started to run students ran steadily – followed the track after 2km – found check-points students – collect tickets – to ensure – correct route one hour – some students – reached finishing line first 10 students – winners most – from red house finally – 11.30 am – prize giving ceremony winners – received trophies red house – announced – champion members of house – clapped – cheered happily before dispersed – principal – reminded – clean up school field all students – together – collected rubbish – cleared everything students – enjoyed the day

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REPORT ON A VISIT TO A PLACE A. Word List Word List admire/admiring aim amaze/amazed arrive/arrived bloom/bloomed carefully depart/departed estate experience greenery grow/grew hill slopes interesting lovers magnificent meal nature observe/observing participate/participated plantation pluck/plucked purpose refresh/refreshing refreshment skilfully steep team spirit trip unforgettable weather

Meaning in BM mengkagumi matlamat terpesona tiba mekar dengan berhati-hati bertolak ladang pengalaman tumbuhan hijau tumbuh lereng bukit menarik pencinta hebat hidangan alam semulajadi memerhati ambil bahagian penanaman memetik tujuan menyegarkan makanan/kudapan dengan mahir curam semangat berpasukan lawatan tidak dapat dilupakan cuaca

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B.

Fill in the blanks with words from the word list to complete a report on a visit. A REPORT ON A VISIT TO KUNDASANG On 30 May 2011, Nature Lovers’ Club went to Kundasang. A total of 28 students and three

teachers [1]__________ in the trip. The [2]________ of the trip was to learn about environment and to build team spirit among members of the club. We went there by bus. We [3]_________ from school at 8.00 am. On the way to Kundasang we could see beautiful [4]____________ on the hill slopes. The weather was cool and [5]______________. Our first stop in the trip was a vegetable farm. We were [6]_____________ at the variety vegetable of the huge farm. We saw cabbage, lettuce, carrot and even chillies [7]___________ in the farm. We spent about an hour looking at various kinds of vegetables and [8]____________ the workers work at the farm. Next, we visited a large orchid plantation. It was a [9]_____________ view to see acres of orchid flowers. We observed how the workers 10]____________ pluck the flowers and put into boxes. Then, they brought the boxes to the factory. We started to make our way down the steep slopes after we had our meal in town. Kundasang is an [11] _____________ place. It was an [12]___________________ experience for us. We hope to have another trip like this in the future. Reported by: Diana (Secretary of Nature Lovers’ Club)

C. Rearrange these words into the correct order 1. Kundasang went on 2011, Nature Lovers’ Club to 30 May. 2. a teachers the total of 28 participated and three students in trip. 3. the among environment aim of team members build the about was the trip to learn and to spirit of club. 4. 8.00 am school we from departed at. 5. the refreshing and was weather cool. 6. our a vegetable trip farm stop was the first in. 7. we at various looking observed the vegetable workers kind the spent about an hour of and the at farm.

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8. next, large visited orchid we a plantation. 9. we plucked boxes and workers how flowers skilfully into observed the put. 10. we way town make meal had started steep to our after down the slopes we our in. 11. it us was for experience an unforgettable. 12. we like future the this trip another hope to have in.

D. Sample Question Using the pictures and notes below, write a report for your school magazine about the Geographical Society’s study trip to Cameron Highlands.

• •

30 students, four teachers purpose of trip – to study nature; to build better rapport among members of the society

• • •

• • •

weather rose garden – huge observe workers at farm

tea plantation breathtaking sight leaves plucked

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E.

Note Expansion : Construct meaningful sentences for the words below

Introduction Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Ending

last school holiday - Geographical Society – Cameron Highlands 30 students and four teachers – trip. the purpose – study nature – build rapport – members in society. went – bus – depart from school – 7.30 am on the way – saw – scenery the weather – cool – refreshing. first stop – rose garden saw – many colours – roses – red, pink, yellow, even white spent – an hour – observed flowers – workers - garden next – tea plantation breathtaking view – huge areas – tea trees saw - workers – plucked – leaves – basket – their back returned – evening – after meal – shopping – souvenirs unforgettable – experience hope – another trip – future Adapted from Longman Kertas Model

71


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General guidelines Some tips for writing out speech • A speech is an informal or formal talk that you give to an audience •

You give speeches to -

welcome people

-

thank people

-

say farewell to somebody

-

congratulate someone

-

introduce someone at a function

-

talk about a topic at a formal gathering

•

In a formal speech, you need to address your audience in a correct manner for example ‘Good morning to the Principal, teachers, fellow students and friends…’

•

State the objective of your speech in the introductory paragraph

•

Organize your ideas clearly

•

Provide examples to give a clearer picture of what you are talking about.

•

You normally use the present tense in a speech.

How to Reduce Stress: Wordlist Word List anxiety avoid breaks complaining concentrate conducive place cope/coping experience fear feel / feeling handle harmful health learning style manage nervous

Meaning in BM risau mengelakkan rehat mengadu menumpukan tempat yang membantu / selesa menangani mengalami / pengalaman ketakutan merasai / perasaan menangani membahayakan kesihatan stail belajar mengurus gelisah

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organize pressure priority realistic goals reduce release restless self-medication sleep disturbances solution stress stressed up study plan time management tips unable upset

mengatur / menyusun tekanan keutamaan matlamat yang realistic mengurangkan melepaskan keletihan mengubat sendiri gangguan tidur penyelesaian tekanan tertekan pelan belajar/ rancangan pelajaran pengurusan masa petua tidak boleh sedih / perasaan terganggu

Activity 1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the table. 1. In conjunction with the ‘Health Week’, you were asked to deliver a speech entitled How To _______________ With Stress. 2. ______________ is good for us, especially when we need the push to work harder. 3. If we are stressed up, we may ____________________ headaches and anxiety. 4. ________________________ is very important to students in order to avoid stress. 5. ___________________ regularly will help you release the pressure. 6. Try to ______________________ your feeling to people that you can trust. 7. A good _________________________ will make studying process enjoyable. 8. __________________________ is very dangerous. You may die of taking a wrong medication. 9. Knowing how you learn can also help you to __________________ stress. 10. We should get __________________ so that we can manage our time wisely.

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Activity 2 Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the table. Good morning to the principal, teachers and all my friends. I am here today to give a speech entitled ‘How To _____(1)________ Stress’. In the past we seldom heard of students complaining of stress, but today, even children as young as eight or ten say they have experienced stress. ______(2)____is a part of a student’s life. A little stress is good for us but if it is too much, it can be ______(3)______ to our health. We may ______(4)____ headaches, sleep disturbances, anxiety, fear and restless. One of the greatest sources of stress is poor ______________(5)__________. Therefore, we should make a list of tasks that should be done and we should learn to manage our time. Give priority to the most important tasks and do them first. Another important thing is to set a __________(6)__________. Do not overwork. Too much studying at any single time can cause us to _________(7)_________. Then, allow yourself occasional breaks, therefore, you should _____(8)_______ regularly. When you sit down and study without resting, you will be nervous and your stress level is high. This can cause you to be upset. One way of releasing this ________(9)______ is through exercise. You should also learn to _________(10)________ your feelings. Do not keep or hide your feelings. Share your _________(11)____ with a friend, family member or someone whom you trust. You must also get enough sleep. Lack of rest can cause stress. You will feel fresh and ready after a good rest. You should develop good ______(12)________ skills. Make learning fun. Do not just sit in front of your books and memorize the facts. Instead, make short notes and mind maps. You must also avoid _________(13)_____________. Alcohol and drugs are not the solution to your problems. If you feel you are unable to ________(14)_______ stress, find help from your family or a counselor. Finally, think positive. If we believe we can be excellent, we will. This leads to a positive self image which gives us more confidence. To end my speech, I hope my tips will help you all be better learners and able to manage your stress. Thank you.

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Your school is organizing a special Health Week For Students. You were chosen to give a speech on ‘How To Reduce Stress’. Write the speech with the help of the notes below: Students experience stress – before examinations- some tips- firstly create a good study atmosphere – get organized- be prepared- manage time wisely- know your learning style- be positive When writing your speech; • You may use all the notes given •

Elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting

•

Make sure it is not less than 120 words

Sample essay Good morning to the principal, teachers and all my friends. I am here today to give a speech entitled ‘How To Reduce Stress’. Before I begin, let me ask you – what is stress? In the past we seldom heard of students complaining of stress, but today, even children as young as eight or ten say they have experienced stress. Why is this? I think it has to do with the way we live- we hurry to school, we have so many exams to think about and we have no time to study. So we get all stressed up and have headaches. Well, today I am going to give you some tips about avoiding stress. Firstly, I think to avoid stress we have to create a good study atmosphere. This means you should study in a quiet place. Listen to light music because music helps you to relax. And, when we are relaxed, we find it easier to concentrate. Next, we should get organized. This means we have to be prepared and manage our time wisely. We should have a study plan in which we have time to study and time to play. Next, follow the study plan and prepare our homework earlier. We should not do things at the last minutes. This will make us nervous and add to the stress level. Knowing your learning style can also help you to reduce stress. Some people like to study alone, some people like to listen to music while studying . Some people prefer to discuss with a group of friends. Each one of us has his or her own learning style. Therefore, knowing how you learn can help you learn better. Finally, think positive. If we believe we can be excellent, we will. This leads to a positive self image which gives us more confidence. To end my speech, I hope my tips will help you all be better learners and reduce your stress level. Thank you.

P1 P2

P3 P4, P5 P6

P7

P8

Activity 3 Let’s try this! Your school is organizing a special Motivation Week For Students. You were chosen to give a speech on ‘How To Study Smart’. Write the speech with the help of the notes below: Prepare a timetable for studying Find a conducive place for studying Make short notes / mind maps Form study groups Revise past year questions When writing your speech; Be organised • You may use all the notes given

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•


•


Suggested answer Activity 1 1. Cope 2. Stress 3. Experience / feel 4. Realistic goal 5. Exercise

6. Express 7. Study plan 8. Self-medication 9. Manage 10. Organize

Activity 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Manage Stress Harmful Experience Time management Realistic goals Stress up

8. Exercise 9. Pressure 10. Express 11. Feeling 12. Study 13. Self-medication 14. Handle

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How to Keep our School Clean – Word List Word List attract basins beautify bins clean clog dirty emit a stench ensure environment eyesore flush habit healthy litter overflow responsible rubbish scraps sweep unhealthy wipe

Meaning in BM menarik besen mencantikkan tong bersih tersumbat kotor mengeluarkan bau busuk memastikan persekitaran pandangan yang menyakitkan mata mengepam sikap sihat sampah membuak bertanggungjawab sampah sisa makanan menyapu tidak sihat mengelap

Activity 1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the table. 1. We should keep our classroom ____________. 2. We will be able to study better in a clean and ____________ environment. 3. We must not ____________ everywhere. Make sure we throw the rubbish into the waste paper basket. 4. We must have the ____________ of keeping our school clean and beautiful. 5. Do not let rubbish ____________ the waste paper baskets. 6. You must always remember to ____________ toilet after using them. 7. Do not let food and other things ____________ the sink.

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8. Please throw the rubbish into the rubbish ____________ located in the toilets. 9. Food scraps will ____________ flies and rats. 10. You are ____________ for the cleanliness of the school. Activity 2 Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the table. How To Keep Our School Clean A very good morning to the principal, teachers and fellow students. I am here to talk on how we can keep our school clean. Why should we keep our school _____(1)________? Our school will look beautiful. We can enjoy a cleaner and healthier _______(2)________. There will not be any flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches and pests like rats around the place. Once we have got into the _____(3)________ of keeping the area around us clean, we should try and ______(4)________it. We can do this by placing pots of flowers and green plants around the school. Each class can have a little piece of land to plant their favourite plants. Students will learn to be ________(5)______ for their own plots of land. It is important to know what is right and what is not. If we wish to keep our school clean, then there are certain things that we must not do. We should not throw _____(6)_________ on the floor. If we see any student throwing rubbish around, we should tell him or her to pick it up and throw it into the bins that are provided around the school. Toilets must be kept clean. We must learn to ___(7)_________ the toilet after use. We must _____(8_______ that the sinks in the toilets and canteen are not ____(9________ with food and rubbish. Waste paper baskets and rubbish bins must be emptied at the end of each day. If we all act responsibly, we can definitely enjoy a clean and ______(10)______ environment in school. Learning becomes an enjoyable experience. Thank you for listening to my speech.

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ESSAY - WRITING A SPEECH You are the president of the Junior Environment Club and you have been invited to give a speech during your school assembly on ‘How To Keep Your School Clean’. With the help of the pictures and notes below, write out your speech.

Don’ts Do’s

-

sweep classrooms wipe windows daily

-

litter everywhere let rubbish overflow waste paper basket

-

flush toilets keep sinks clean

-

throw objects into toilet bowls throw tissues into sinks

-

put used plates and glasses in proper places arrange chairs neatly

-

leave food scraps everywhere leave used plates and glasses on table

-

(Adapted from Penerbitan Pelangi) Content Points P1 sweep classrooms P2 wipe windows daily P3 flush toilets P4 keep sinks clean P5 put used plates and glasses in proper places P6 arrange chairs neatly P7 do not litter everywhere P8 do not let rubbish overflow waste paper basket P9 do not throw objects into toilet bowls P10 do not throw tissues into sinks P11 do not leave food scraps everywhere P12 do not leave used plates and glasses on table

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SAMPLE ANSWER:

Good morning to the principal, teachers and my fellow students. I am the president of the Junior Environment Club of our

Introductio n

school and I have been invited to give a speech on how to keep our school clean. First and foremost, we should keep our classrooms clean. We must sweep our classrooms every day and always keep our

P1

waste paper baskets empty. We must also remember to wipe the

P2

windows daily. We should not litter everywhere in our

P7

classrooms. Rubbish must be thrown into waste paper baskets. We

P8

should not let rubbish overflow the waste paper baskets as it will be an eyesore.

P3

In addition we must remember to flush toilets after using them. It is very unhealthy to leave toilets not flushed as they will emit a

P9

stench. We must not throw objects into toilet bowls. This will

P4 P10

cause the toilet bowls to clog. We should also keep the sinks clean by not throwing tissues and rubbish into them. After all, we are the ones who use the toilets so we should not dirty them.

P5

Besides this, we should also put all used plates and glasses

P6

in proper places such as in basins provided in the canteen. The

P11

chairs should be arranged neatly after use. We should not leave

P12

food scraps everywhere as it will attract flies. Moreover used plates and glasses should not be left on the canteen tables. In this way we can help to keep the canteen clean. That is all I have to say this morning. I hope that all of you will cooperate and keep our beloved school clean. Thank you. (Adapted from Penerbitan Pelangi)

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Activity 3 Let’s try this! You have been asked to give a speech in conjunction with the Cleanliness Campaign organised by your school. You have decided to give a talk about keeping ‘toilets clean and practising good hygiene’. Write out your speech using the notes below to help you. When writing your speech; • You may use all the notes given •


•


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Suggested answer Activity 1 1. Clean

6.

Flush

2. Healthy

7.

Clog

3. Litter

8.

Bins

4. Habit

9.

Attract

5. Overflow

10. Responsible

Activity 2 1. Clean

6.

Rubbish

2. Environment

7.

Flush

3. Habit

8.

Ensure

4. Beautify

9.

Clog

5. Responsible

10.

Healthy

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SUMMARY WRITING : Important Pointers

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1. Answer the summary question in Section B first before you go to Section A and C. (Jawab Section B dulu sebelum menjawab Sections A dan C) 2. Keep to the word limit allowed (60 words including the 10 words given) (Tulis hanya 60 perkataan sahaja, termasuk 10 perkataan yang diberi dalam soalan) 3. Use the opening 10 words provided ---They are given to lead you to the first point. Salin 10 perkataan yang diberi dalam soalan dahulu --- sambungannya biasanya mengandungi isi pertama. (Semak gantinama yang diberi dalam sepuluh perkataan yang diberi dan ubah mengikut kehendak soalan.) [E.g. in PMR 2007 ; Andrew = ’I’  ’he’ :- Gantinama ’I’ digunakan dalam petikan. Dalam summary, ’he’ perlu digunakan dan bukan’I’] 4. Write in ONE paragraph. Do not write in note form. Tulis dalam hanya 1 perenggan. Jangan tulis dalam bentuk nota. 5. Summarise the text based on the task given, paying extra attention to what/why/ how/ causes/ effects / danger/ ways/ precaution/ prevention/ benefits/ do’s and don’ts. Study the table below: Task What the writer saw What the writer did How the writer felt How they ……(v)…… Why accidents happen? causes effects Pros and Cons Danger …. solutions Benefits/advantages disadvantages How….. What happened…. Precautions/prevention

Response need by candidates for points Beri semua yang dinampak Beri semua perbuatan aktif terkawal Beri perasaan yang dialami Beri semua langkah terlibat dalam menjalankan tugas Beri semua punca (cari sebab) Cari punca Cari kesan/akibat Kebaikan dan keburukan Bahaya ……. Jalan penyelesaian Faedah/ Kebaikan keburukan Cara atau langkah Semua peristiwa/akibat yang berlaku Langkah berhati-hati atau mencegah

6. Cari ayat yang mengandungi perkataan-perkataan dalam 10 perkataan yang diberi dalam soalan. Isi-isi adalah selepas ayat itu. 7. Baca ayat demi ayat dan semak sama ada setiap ayat mengandungi isi yang dikehendaki dalam soalan. Tinggalkan contoh (perkataan spt such as, like, for example dan huraian/penerangan. Semak supaya anda tidak memberi isi yang sama [PMR 2005 isi ke 2 dan ke 4] 8. Anda boleh petik ayat dari teks. Jika anda rasa lemah dalam BI, salin ayat itu bulat-bulat. 9. Do not replace/use own words unless you are very sure. Jangan ganti perkataan dengan perkataan sendiri jika anda kurang pasti. 10. Use short connectors to link the ideas. (e.g. Besides, in addition, thus, so, also, ….Finally)

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Gunakan penandawacana spt. Besides, in addition……….. 11. 5 marks will be given for content, and 5 marks for style + language. PMR SUMMARY QUESTIONS Year Types of Passages and Summary questions 2005 Text on advantages of watching television to children. (Factual) • Rewrite on the advantages of television to our children Ten words : Watching TV brings about many advantages to children, such as…. 2006 (Factual)

Text on animals left at Zoo Negara and problems caused • Write a summary on why Zoo Negara has problem with the animals left at the gates. Ten words : Zoo Negara accepts the abandoned animals but the dumping has….

2007 (Letter)

Text: A letter to editor by a tourist to express his satisfactions • Write a summary on why Andrew’s visit to Malaysia was a memorable one. Ten words : Andrew visited Malaysia and he was impressed with Malaysia because..

2008 (Factual)

Text: An article on collection of coins. • Write a summary on the benefit of collecting coins. Ten words : Collecting cons is not only interesting but also beneficial because…….

2009 (Speech)

Text: A speech on the danger of Open Burning • Write a summary on how open burning affect us. Ten words : We should avoid carrying out open burning because it ….

2010 (A diary entry)

Nisha’s diary entry on her family and her experience at Laying-Layang Atoll. • Write a summary on some of the interesting things they did and saw there. Ten words : Upon checking into the holiday resort, Nisha and her family …….

ANSWERING TECHNIQUES FOR SUMMARY-WRITING (PMR 2005):

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PAPER 2: SECTION B [30 minutes] Read the passage below and answer the question that follows: Although people generally say that television is bad for children, research has proven otherwise. It has been found that TV is an interactive tool that encourages children to develop their social and communicative skills. By watching TV, they are more carefree, open and find it easy to communicate with others. TV also helps them develop their English Language skills through programmes like Sesame Street and Playhouse Disney. It is no secret that their listening abilities are enhanced as well as their speaking and grammar skills. Ultimately, TV also provides them a cheap avenue to first-class knowledge through channels like National Geographic, Discovery, Animal Planet, TV IQ and the various other educational mediums available. Clearly, TV has plenty to offer to our children. It is a waste if parents misunderstand the wealth that TV provides to their children and prevent them from watching it on the excuse that it spoils them.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Rewrite on the advantages of television to our children: • in continuous writing form. • in one paragraph. • in your own words as far as possible. • in not more than 60 words including the 10 words given below. Begin with: Watching TV brings about many advantages to children, such as …….. SUMMARY [Cond.] Penerangan: Untuk soalan ini anda perlu cari faedah menonton TV kepada kanak-kanak. L 1 2 3 5 6

8 9 11

Text [ Teks asal] Although people generally say that television is bad for children, research has proven otherwise. It has been found that TV is an interactive tool that encourages children to develop their social and communicative skills. By watching TV, they are more carefree, open and find it easy to communicate with others. TV also helps them develop their English Language skills through programmes like Sesame Street and Playhouse Disney. It is no secret that their listening abilities are enhanced as well as their speaking and grammar skills. Ultimately, TV also provides them a cheap avenue to first-class knowledge through channels like National Geographic, Discovery, Animal Planet, TV IQ and the various other educational mediums available. Clearly, TV has plenty to offer to our children. It is

Penjelasan [isi = P1,2,3,4,5,6,7..] Belum ada isi – tidak sebut apa-apa kebaikan menonton TV P1. an interactive tool P2. develop social skills atau they are carefree and open P3. develop communicative skills P4. develop their Eng. Language skills [ jangan salin contoh program] [Eng Lang skills sama dgn listening abilities, speaking and grammar skills.] P5. cheap avenue to.. [ must have pt 6] P6. first-class knowledge P7. educational mediums [Jangan salin contoh program] [perenggan ini tidak ada kebaikan

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12

a waste if parents misunderstand the wealth that TV provides to their children and prevent them from watching it on the excuse that it spoils them.

yang disebut]

Sample answer 1 (Cemerlang) Watching television brings about many advantages to children, such as being an interactive tool for them where their social and communicative abilities are enhanced. As an educational medium, TV provides children a cheap avenue to first-class knowledge through its educational programmes, thus enabling them to develop their English Language skills. [49words] [mark: 5 + 5]

1 2 3 4

Sample answer 2 (Sederhana) Watching television brings about many advantages to children, such as an interactive tool that encourages them to develop their social and communicative skills. It also helps them to develop their English Language skills. It also provides them a cheap avenue to first-class knowledge and is an educational medium to them. [ 49 words] [mark : 5 + 3]

1 2 3 4

Sample answer 3 (Lemah – salin bulat-bulat) P1 Watching television brings about many advantages to children, such as an interactive P2 P3 tool that encourages children to develop their social and communicative skills. TV also helps P4 them develop their English Language skills through programmes like Sesame Street and P5 P6 Playhouse Disney. Ultimately, TV also provides them a cheap avenue to first-class knowledge

1 2 3 4

through channels like National Geographic, Discovery, Animal Planet, TV IQ and the various other educational mediums available. (jangan salin contoh: Nampak perkataan ‘like’?) [50words]

5 6

[mark: 5 + 2]

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SUMMARY QUESTIONS for PRACTICE PRACTICE 1:Read the passage below and answer the question that follows: Collecting coins is an interesting hobby. Most people indulge in this hobby to occupy their free time. Collecting coins is also considered a form of relaxation Coins come in different shapes, sizes and denominations. Coins also show important landmarks and symbols of a particular country. Thus this hobby enriches one’s geographical and historical knowledge of countries. Collecting coins is not just a pastime. We can learn about personalities such as kings, queens and leaders of various countries. Collecting coins also enables us to make new friends. We will be able to widen our circle of friends. It is good if family members also share the interest as they would be able to give you the extra pieces that they have collected from other places and vice versa. This would enhance family ties. If there is a need, we can always sell the coins. The older and rarer the coin is, the higher the price it fetches. You may be surprised that one day, you might be the proud owner of the rarest coins.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Write a summary on the benefits of collecting coins: • in continuous writing form. • in one paragraph. • in your own words as far as possible. • in not more than 60 words including the 10 words given below. Begin with: Collecting coins is not only interesting but also beneficial because ….. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PRACTICE 2:Read the passage below and answer the question that follows: “Hello.’ ‘How are you?’ ‘Good morning,’ ‘Have you eaten yet?’ ‘Where are you going?’ These are greetings which people use when they meet each other. These are common greetings used by people. A greeting is a way of being friendly to someone. It is not necessary to describe your true condition or feeling. In fact, people reply to the questions with a fixed expression such as ‘I’m fine, thanks’ or ‘I’m very well.’ It is a way of being polite where you address them when you meet them unexpectedly. It is also a way of starting a conversation. People usually nod their head or just smile when they do not intend to start a conversation. Usually a question is used as a greeting: ‘Where are you going?’ How’s everything with you?” But questions like these are not real questions. They do not require a full answer or even a true one. A greeting is usually followed by ‘small talk’. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation. People often talk about suitable topics for small talks such as the weather as it is a safe topic compared to religion or politics. Thus, this makes meeting people easier and more comfortable.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

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SUMMARY - PRACTICE 2 Write a summary on why greetings and small talks are necessary • • • •

in continuous writing form. in one paragraph. in your own words as far as possible. in not more than 60 words including the 10 words given below.

Begin with: People use different greetings to greet someone when they meet… -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PRACTICE 3:Read the passage below and answer the question that follows: In camping, follow these golden rules. Camp on bare ground where possible. The campsite should be away from trails and dead trees. Avoid slopes, high ridges and wet sites. Do not choose campsites that are below flood level or are highly frequented by wildlife. Set up camp as early as possible and familiarize yourself with the surroundings. This helps to prevent injuries from moving about in the dark at night. Make sure that you bring enough food to last the trip. The food can be fresh, dried or canned. Avoid bringing any food with a strong smell. You will need at least two litres of water per person per day. Use water from a natural source such as a spring. Make sure all water is boiled to eliminate bacteria and contamination. Build your fire away from the tent. Do not cook inside the tent, even if you are using a gas canister. Never burn rubbish, especially plastic, as the fumes are toxic. Make sure the fire is completely put out before you break camp. Do remember your camp etiquette. The campsite is part of nature. In areas of sensitive environments, vegetation takes a long time to recover, so no holes should be dug around there at all. Write a summary on the rules of camping. Your summary must : •

not be more than 60 words, including the 10 words given below.

•

be in continuous writing (not note form).

•

be written in ONE paragraph.

ANSWER KEYwords FORas SUMMARY PRACTICE 1 (PMRits2008) Use your own far as possible without changing original meaning. Begin your summary as follows : The rules of camping would include not choosing campsites that … (10 marks)

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ANSWER KEY FOR SUMMARY PRACTICE 1 (PMR 2008) •

Write a summary on the benefits of collecting coins

[benefit : manfaat]

Collecting coins is not only interesting but also beneficial … Line Text L2 Collecting coins is an interesting hobby. Most people indulge in this hobby to occupy their free time. Collecting coins is also considered a form of relaxation L3 4 5

Coins come in different shapes, sizes and denominations. Coins also show important landmarks and symbols of a particular country. Thus this hobby enriches one’s geographical and historical knowledge of countries.

L6

Collecting coins is not just a pastime. We can learn about personalities such as kings, queens and leaders of various countries. CC enables us to make new friends. We will be able to widen our circle of friends.

7 8

L9 10 L11 12

It is good if family members also share the interest as they would be able to give you the extra pieces that they have collected from other places and vice versa. This would enhance family ties If there is a need, we can always sell the coins. The older and rarer the coin is, the higher the price it fetches. You may be surprised that one day, you might be the proud owner of the rarest coins.

Explanation [pt=point-isi] 1. because it occupies their free time (X = salah, siapa ‘their’) 1. because it occupies our free time 2. it is a form of relaxation OR it is a way for us to relax X - tak ada manfaat yang dinyatakan 3. Coins show important landmarks/ symbols of a country. 4 Collecting coins enhances our knowledge on G and H of country. X – pastime – maklumat sahaja. 5. We can acquire knowledge about important personalities of countries. 6. We are able to gain new friends. 7. We will widen our circle of friends X – belum ada isi X – Cuma cara dapat coin berlainan X 8 Collecting coins enhances/ strengthens family ties. 7 – We sell coins for money. X – older coins fetch high prices [=cuma fakta , mesti ada idea dapat keuntungan/duit sebagai manfaat.]

Sample summary [Perhatikan gantinama ‘we’ dan ‘our’ digunakan; kalau ‘one’ diguna, maka one’s..] [Note the use of connectors : In addition, Besides, Furthermore…]

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SAMPLE ANSWER for PRACTICE 1:Collecting coins is not only interesting but also beneficial because it is a way for us to relax. In addition, we can enhance our knowledge about the geography and history and also important personalities of various countries. Besides that, we can get new friends. Families ties can also be strengthened and we can get money when we sell our coins. [ 60 words] You only need to give 5 points; For point 3, it must give the idea of coins and not collecting coins because collecting coins cannot show landmarks or symbols. SAMPLE ANSWER for PRACTICE 3:Write a summary on why greetings and small talks are necessary People use different greetings to greet someone when they meet each other unintentionally. It is a way of being friendly and polite to people. Besides, it is one way of starting an unintentional conversation. After greeting each other, small talks are proceeded. These talks are necessary to make people feel easier and more comfortable to start a conversation. (58 words)

SAMPLE ANSWER for PRACTICE 3:Write a summary on the rules of camping. The rules of camping would include not choosing campsites that are near risky places. Set up camp early, bring enough food and water for the camping trip. Make sure you build your fire away from the tent. Furthermore, never burn rubbish and put off the fire completely before you leave. Lastly, do not dig holes in sensitive environments. (58 words)

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ANSWER KEY FOR SUMMARY (Based on the sample given) •

Write a summary on how they tracked the elephant down.

(Special tip: who is the “they” here) [the writer alone? The guides? The writer + guides?] The writer rushed to see what was happening when the …. Line Text L4 The guides that we had brought…shouted 5 in delight. I rushed to see what was happening L6 A huge footprint could be seen in the the 7 muddy ground and we knew… (knew = bukan langkah) L8 The guides quickly packed up while I checked L9 L10 L11 12 L13 L14

We made our way through tall trees and thick bushes. The man in front used a parang to cut down tall grass. Finally, we arrived at a stream. We saw more footprints there and knew that the huge mammal was nearby. After refreshing ourselves, we crossed the stream and made our way around a rocky hill Down in the valley below, we saw our prey among a herd of female elephants

Explanation [pt=point-isi] 1. rushed to see when heard the guides screamed (pt-langkah pertama) 2. and saw a huge footprint (pt – Bantu mengesan gajah) X pt = langkah kemas dan semak senapang bukan langkah luarbiasa. 3. made our way through tall trees 4. and thick bushes 5. used parang to cut tall grass 6. arrived at a stream 7. saw more footprints (knew – not perbuatan sengaja) 8. crossed the stream. 9. made way around a hill - no need anymore, already found the elephant

Sample summary [Perhatikan yang gantinama I/We telah ditukar ke he/they] The writer rushed to see what was happening when the guides screamed and saw a huge footprint. Soon they made their way through tall trees and thick bushes by cutting the tall grass with a parang. They arrived at a stream and found more footprints. After crossing the stream, they made their way around a hill and saw the elephant. [60 words]

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ANALYSIS OF PAST YEAR PMR QUESTIONS Novels 1. Potato People – Angela Wright 2. Robinson Crusoe – Daniel Defoe 3. Phantom of the opera – Gaston Leroux

4. The Prisoner of Zenda – Anthony Hope Hawkins 5. Dr. Jeykll and Mr Hyde – Robert Louis Stevenson

PMR 2002 [10 marks] Based on one of the novels above, choose one character that you find interesting. Write about the character you have chosen and give reasons why you find the character interesting. Your response should be more than 50 words PMR 2003 [10 marks] Choose one of the novels above. Based on the novel that you have chosen, describe an incidence that you think is interesting. Give reasons for you choice. Your response should be more than 50 words PMR 2004 [10 marks] Based on one of the novels above, write on one of the themes. Give two pieces of evidence from the novel to support your answer. Your response should be more than 50 words PMR 2005 [10 marks] Based on one of the novels above, write on one of the following moral values. • Honesty • responsibility Give evidence from the novel to support your answer. PMR 2006 [10 marks] Based on one of the novels above, do you like or dislike the ending of the novel you have read. Give reasons for your answer. Your response should be more than 50 words PMR 2007 [10 marks] Based on one novel you have read, write about how two characters work together to obtain success. Support your answer with evidence from the novel. Your response should be:

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• •

not less than 50 words In continuous writing (not note form)

PMR 2008 [10 marks] Based on one novel you have read, write about an incident that you think is important. Give reasons why you think the incident is important. Support your answer with evidence from the novel. Your response should be: • not less than 50 words • In continuous writing (not note form) PMR 2009 [10 marks] Based on one novel you have read, write about how a relationship between friends in the story. Support your answer with evidence from the novel. Your response should be: • not less than 50 words • In continuous writing (not note form) PMR 2010 [10 marks] Based on one novel you have read, describe a good quality that you admire in a character in the novel. Provide evidence from the text to support your answer. Your response should be: • not less than 50 words • In continuous writing (not note form)

DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE CHARACTERS Sample questions: 1. Write about your favourite character. (watak kegemaran) 2.

Write about the character whom / that you think is outstanding. (watak yang menyerlah)

3.

Write about the character whom / that you sympathize with. (watak yang anda simpati)

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4.

Write about an interesting character in the novel you have read. (watak yang menarik)

5.

Write about a character whom / that you think is intelligent and give reasons. (watak yang bijak)

6.

Write about a character who needs help. (watak yang memerlukan pertolongan)

A sample answer: The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. In the novel, the intelligent character is Dr. Jekyll. Dr. Jekyll was very interested in scientific research. He discovered a drug that can change him into another person. Thus, he created Mr Hyde, an evil side of him. Mr Hyde committed evil deeds and Dr Jekyll protected Mr Hyde and himself. Dr Jekyll had a conflict within himself between his good and evil natures. Among his friends, he played the role of the respected doctor. However, his evil side wanted to do bad deeds. As Mr Hyde, he was able to do all the wicked things. He trampled on a little girl and later murdered Sir Danvers Carew. *Please refer to Exercise 1 for further practice Sample questions: 1. Write about the character whom you dislike the most. (watak yang tidak disukai) 2. Write about a bad character. (watak yang jahat) 3. Write about a character whom you hate the most. (watak yang dibenci) 4. Write about the character whom you think is cruel. (watak yang kejam) 5. Write about a wicked character in the novel that you have studied. (watak yang kejam)

A sample answer:

The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The character whom I think is cruel is Mr Hyde. Mr Hyde was a bad man who did not feel sorry for cruel things he did. One night he and Edie, a poor little girl ran into each other at a corner. The girl fell. Then, he trampled on the child’s body and continued walking leaving the child in great pain. Although he later paid

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compensation to Edie’s father, he did not apologize for the terrible thing he had done. He was also violent when he murdered Sir Danvers Carew. He hit him with his walking stick and enjoyed it for no reason at all. All the above actions clearly show that Mr Hyde is violent. *Please refer to Exercise 2 for further practice

MORAL VALUES Sample questions: 1. Based on the novel that you have chosen, write about the lesson that you have learnt. Give reasons for your choice. (pengajaran yang dipelajari) 2. Write about the moral of the story. (nilai murni) 3. What lessons can you learn from the main character. (pengajaran yang dipelajari) 4. We can learn some moral values when we read the novel. Briefly discuss some of the moral values found in the novel. (nilai-nilai murni) A sample answer: The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The lesson that I have learnt is we should not lie to others. Dr Jekyll kept his double personality a secret.He did not tell the truth about Mr Hyde so that he could continue to do evil things. He even murdered Sir Danvers Carew by hitting him with his walking stick. He lied to his lawyer, Mr Utterson about his friendship with Mr Hyde. He claimed that he had nothing to do with Mr. Hyde’s actions. In the end Dr Jekyll died because of his lies. It was too late when Mr Utterson knew about his double personality. He could not save him. *Please refer to Exercise 3 for further practice

EVENTS Sample questions: 1. What is the most exciting event? (peristiwa yang menarik)

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2. Describe the event that you like most and its significance to the story. (peristiwa yang anda suka & kepentingannya) 3. Which is the most interesting part of the novel you have read? (bahagian paling menarik) 4. Describe a particular section or incident in the novel that you have enjoyed reading. Give reasons. (bahagian atau insiden tertentu) 5. Write about your favourite incident in the story. (bahagian kegemaran) 6. State an unforgettable incident. (satu insiden yang tidak dapat dilupakan)

A sample answer: The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The event that I like most is when Dr Jekyll succeeded in producing a drug. This event shows that there are two sides to a man’s character. One is good and the other is bad. Therefore, a man could easily become bad or evil if a man does not take control of himself. In the novel, one part of Dr Jekyll was kind and generous as told in the story. He often gave dinner parties whereas the other part of him did evil actions. This is shown when he trampled on little Edie and did not feel sorry at all. *Please refer to Practice 4 for further enrichment exercise

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde ENRICHMENT EXERCISES Practice 1 (CHARACTERS) The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. In the novel, the intelligent character was Dr. Jekyll. Dr Jekyll was very interested in 1.________ __________ . He discovered 2._________ that could change him into another person. Thus, he created Mr Hyde, an 3._________ side of him. Mr Hyde committed evil deeds and Dr Jekyll protected Mr Hyde and himself. Dr Jekyll had a conflict within himself between his good and evil natures. Among his friends, he played the role of the 4.______________ doctor. However, his evil side wanted to do bad deeds. As Mr Hyde, he was able to do all the wicked things. He 5. __________on a little girl and later murdered Sir Danvers Carew. Practice 2 (CHARACTERS)

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The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The character who I think is cruel is Mr Hyde. Mr Hyde was a 1.______ man who did not feel sorry for the cruel things he did. One night he and 2.______, a poor little girl ran into each other at a corner. The girl fell. Then, he trampled on the child’s body and continued walking leaving the child in great pain. Although he later paid 3.______________ to Edie’s father, he did not 4.___________ for the terrible thing he had done. He was also 5.____________ when he murdered Sir Danvers Carew. He hit him with his walking stick and enjoyed it for no reason at all. All the above actions clearly show that Mr Hyde is violent. Practice 3 (MORAL VALUES) The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The lesson that I have learnt is we should not lie to others. Dr Jekyll lied to everyone about his 1._________ ____________. He did not tell the truth about Mr Hyde so that he could continue to do 2._________ things. He even 3. _____________ Sir Danvers Carew by hitting him with his walking stick. He lied to his lawyer, Mr Utterson about his 4.______________with Mr Hyde. He claimed that he had nothing to do with Mr. Hyde’s 5._________. In the end Dr Jekyll died because of his lies. It was too late when Mr Utterson knew about his double personality. He could not save him.

Practice 4 (EVENTS) The novel that I have chosen is Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. The event that I like most is when Dr Jekyll succeeded in producing a drug. This event shows that there are 1._________ ________ to a man’s character. One is 2.________ and the other is 3.________. Therefore, a man could easily becomes bad or evil if a man does not take 4._________ of himself. In the novel, one part of Dr Jekyll was 5.___________ and generous as told in the story, he often gave dinner parties whereas the other part of him did evil actions. This is shown when he trampled on little Edie and did not feel sorry at all.

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ANSWER KEY Practice 1 (CHARACTERS) 1.scientific research 2. a drug 3. evil 4. respected 5. trampled Practice 2 (CHARACTERS) 1. bad 2. Edie 3. compensation 4. apologize 5. violent Practice 3 (MORAL VALUES) 1. double personality 2. evil 3. murdered 4. friendship 5. actions Practice 4 (EVENTS) 1. two sides 2. good 3. bad 4. control 5. kind

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THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA HOUSE CHARACTER Sample questions: l. Write about a good character 2. Write about a character who is trustworthy(honest). . 3. Write about your favourite character. 4. Write about a character who you think is loyal in the novel. 5. Write about an interesting character in the novel. 6. Write about a character in the novel who shows the qualities of faithfulness (loyal) 7. Describe the characters in the novel who show loyalty. 8. Write about a character who is caring and loving. 9. Write about a wicked (an evil) character. 10 Write about an antagonist (opponent) character. 11. Write about a character whom you hate the most. 12. Write about a character whom you think is cruel.

Sample answers GoodCharacter/ Character you admire/like The good character in ‘The Phantom of The Opera’ is Christine Daae. She was hardworking, loyal and unselfish. She was poor and after her father died, she worked hard to be an opera singer in Paris. She received vocal lessons secretly from Erik, The Phantom, until she became prima donna at the opera house. Raoul and Erik fell in love with her. Christine agreed to marry Erik to save Raoul, her lover. Lastly, Erik was touched by Christine’s love and freed them. All the qualities portrayed by Christine are admirable. That is why I like her. Bad/Evil Character The character that I find evil in The Phantom of Opera is Erik. He is cunning/cruel/mean/bad. Erik was rejected by his mother and society because he was ugly. He was forced to wear a mask since childhood. He became revengeful and evil. He killed people when his demands were not fulfilled / obeyed. He wanted Christine to sing so he made La Carlotta’s voice sounded like a toad’s. He threatened the directors to pay him or he would destroy the place. He kidnapped Christine and forced her to marry him. He tried to kill Raoul.

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Determined Character In my opinion, the character in the Phantom of the Opera who shows great determination is Erik the Opera Ghost. Erik was determined to get what he wanted, even if it meant killing those who were in his way. For example, when the new directors of the Opera House did not let Christine sing, he arranged things so that the chandelier fell on the audience. He was also determined on keeping his existence a secret to the extent that he killed Joseph Buquet who happened to see him. Erik was also determined to make Christine a famous singer and he coached her until she succeeded.

SETTING Sample questions 1. Write about the setting that helps to influence the main character's actions. 2. Describe a setting of places and how it relates to the story. 3. Write about a place where many unfortunate events happened. Sample answer: The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In the novel The Phantom of the Opera the setting that relates to the story is The Opera House. The Opera House was located in Paris and was the biggest opera house in the world. It took 14 years to complete the building.The Opera house had 17 floors. There were more than 2500 doors in the building. People believed that, there was a ghost in the Opera House. This was the place where Joseph Buquet was found dead, La Carlotta 's voice changed to a toad’s and the chandelier fell onto the people. In the novel The Phantom of the Opera, Erik built a secret place for himself which was under the Opera House. The place was full of rooms and there was a lake and Erik built his house. From here he could see everything that happened in the Opera House. This was also the place where Christine was kept after she was kidnapped. Erik and the Persian were also tortured here.

THEMES Sample questions. 1. Write about the theme of the story you have chosen. 2. Based on the novel you have read, choose a theme that you like. 3. What do you think is the message in the novel you have studied? 4. Based on the novel you have chosen, write about how love or friendship influences a character's decision. 5. Write about the theme of determination (making decision). 6. Write on one of the following themes: i. Courage iii. Compassion ii. Loyalty iv. Honour

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v. Crime & Punishment vi. Acceptance vii. Rejection

viii. Sacrifice ix. Hope x. Love

Sample answers Loyalty The theme of loyalty in The Phantom of the Opera is portrayed by Christine Daae, the opera singer. She was loyal to Raoul, the Vicomte de Chagny. Christine met him when he was holidaying in Brittany, France. When they met four years later, she still loved him. This clearly shows loyalty. She was also loyal to the Phantom, Erik, as she secretly received vocal lessons from Erik whom she regarded as her angel of music. She never revealed his identity to anyone. Justice In The Phantom of the Opera, justice was finally served. Erik, The Phantom, was an evil person. Erik did not only 104terrorise104the people at the Opera House, but he was also suspected of killing Joseph Buquet, a person who talked about the Phantom. However he had a soft spot for Christine Da’ae. He loved her so much that he even threatened to kill Raoul, her beloved. In his house beneath the Opera House, he trapped Raoul and the Persian in his torture chamber. He then forced Christine to marry him. In the end, he realized he could not force Christine to love him. Thus he freed them. Soon he died of unbearable heartbreak. Hence, justice was served, as the evil Phantom did not get to marry the woman he loved, after all the evil things he had done.

Determination The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In this novel, the theme of the story is determination. In the story, Raoul showed determination to save Christine from Erik. When Christine was kidnapped by Erik, he risked his life to save her. He decided to save her with the Persian and they were trapped inside the torture room. When Christine saw Raoul and the Persian suffering, she decided to save them and she begged Erik to release him and agreed to marry Erik. She then kissed Erik on the mouth. Friendship The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In the novel, one of the themes of the story is friendship. In the story, friendship is made obvious by two characters- the Persian and Raoul. The friendship between these two characters is shown towards the end of the novel. Raoul and the Persian were not friends in the beginning but when the Persian knew that Raoul was desperate to help Christine who had been kidnapped by Erik. He kindly helped him even though he risked his life. Their friendship was short but meaningful as they went through difficulties in the process of saving Christine.

MORAL VALUE/ LESSON LEARNT/MESSAGE

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Sample questions: 1. Based on the novel that you have chosen, write about the lesson that you have leamt. Give reasons for your choice. 2. Write about the moral of the story. 3. Write about two good values that you learn from the story 4. What lessons can you learn from the main character. 5. We can learn some moral values when we read the novel. Briefly discuss some of the moral values found in the novel. 6. What lessons about life does the novel you have studied teach you?. 7. Based on the novel you have chosen, write about the value of compassion for the unfortunate.

A sample answer Bravery In The Phantom of the Opera, I would consider the Persian as a brave person. The Phantom would harm anyone who stood in his way. Despite knowing this, the Persian helped Raoul many times. When Christine, Raoul’s lover, was kidnapped by the Phantom, he helped Raoul to rescue Christine. He not only showed Raoul the secret passages, but also went along on the rescue. He put himself in danger and almost died while trying to help Raoul. He was indeed a brave person.

We must not judge people from their looks The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In the novel, the lesson that I have learnt is we must not judge people from their look. In the story, Erik the Phantom was rejected by the world because he was ugly. Even his mother left him and made him wear a mask since he was two years old. However, even though he was ugly, he was a very talented builder, artist and singer. He was also a sensitive, gentle and loving person who willingly helped others. He trained Christine until she became the best opera singer in Paris. From that it shows that appearance cannot be trusted. We must learn to appreciate people for their kindness. Compassion The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In the novel, the lesson that I have learnt is one should have compassion for the less fortunate. In the story, Christine showed a compassion towards Erik. She was very kind and cared for Erik who was very ugly. Erik revealed his face to Christine when he took her to his house on the lake. Christine was horrified when she saw his face but she felt sorry for him as Erik had treated her well and loved her. Christine also kissed Erik on his mouth willingly. This shows that she accepted him as he was. Christine seemed to understand that what Erik needed was someone to love him and accept him. She had a kind heart that was full of compassion.

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EVENTS Sample questions: 1. What is the most exciting event? 2. Describe the event that you like most and has its significance (meaning/impact) to the story. 3. Give an account (story/explanation) on an important event. 4. Describe the most interesting event in the novel you have read. 5. Describe a particular section in the novel that you have enjoyed reading. 6. Based on the novel you have chosen, relate an incident (event) about self-sacrifice. Give reasons for your choice. A sample answer Chandelier falls The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the opera by Gaston Leroux. In this novel the event is when the chandelier falls on the Opera’s opening night. The two new directors were excited as La Carlotta was better and sang Margarita. However Erik sent a letter to them not to let La Carlotta sing. The directors did not follow Erik’s order. While La Carlotta was singing Margarita, the chandelier fell onto the people below. A woman was killed and many people were injured. The Opera House was closed for 2 weeks.

ENRICHMENT EXERCISES Practice 1 (EVENT) Practice 1 (a) (GoodCharacter/ Character you admire/like) The good character that I found in ‘The Phantom of The Opera’ is Christine Da’ae. She was hardworking, loyal and 1__________. She was 2 _____and after her father 3______, she worked 4 _____to be an opera 5 _______ in Paris. She 6______vocal lesson secretly by 7_____, The Phantom, until she became _____donna at the opera house. Raoul and Erik 8_______ in love with her. Christine agreed to mary Erik to save Raoul, her lover. Lastly, Erik was 9_________ by Christine’s love and 10 _______ them. Practice 1 (b) Bad/Evil Character The character that I found evil in The Phantom of Opera is Erik. He is 1` ___________. He was 2_________ by his mother and 3 ________ because he was 4_______. He was forced to wear mask since 5________. He became 6__________ and evil. He killed people when his demands were not 7___________. He wanted Christine to sing so he made La Carlotta’s 8________ sounded like a toad’s. He threatened the directors to pay him or he would 9________ the place. He 10____________Christine and forced her to marry him. He tried to kill Raoul.

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Practice 2 (THEME) Loyalty The theme of 1________ in The Phantom of the Opera is by Christine Daae, the opera singer. She is loyal to Raoul, the Vicomte de Chagny. She 2_____ him when he was 3__________ in Brittany, France. When 4____ they four years later, she still loves him. This clearly 5________ loyalty. She is also loyal to the Phantom, Erik, as she secretly 6_________ voice lessons from Erik whom she 7 ________ as her angel of music. She never 8_________ his identity to anyone.

Practice 3 (MORAL VALUE) Bravery In The Phantom of the Opera, I would consider the Persian as 1________ a person. The Phantom 2_________ anyone who was helping his enemies. Despite knowing this, the Persian 3__________ Raoul many times. When Christine, Raoul’s lover, was 4 ___________ by the Phantom, he helped Raoul to 5 ___________ Christine. He not only showed Raoul 6_________the passages, but also went along on the rescue. He put himself in 7_________ and almost died while trying to help Raoul. He was indeed a brave 8 ____________. Practice 4 (LESSON LEARNT/MESSAGE) The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux. In the novel The Phantom of the Opera the lesson that I have learnt is we must not judge people from their look. In the story, Erik the Phantom was 1__________by the world because he is ugly. Even his mother 2________ him and required him to wear a 3_____since two years old. However, even he is ugly, he is a very 4________ builder, artist and singer. He was also a 5_________, gentle and loving person who 6________helped others. He trained Christine until she became the best opera 7________ in Paris. From that it shows that 8______________ cannot be trusted. We must learn to 9______________ people for their kindness/good side.

Practice 5 (EVENT) Chandelier falls The novel that I have chosen is The Phantom of the opera by Gaston Leroux In this novel the event is when the chandelier falls on the Opera’s 1 ________night. The two new 2 ________ were excited as 3 _________ is better and sing 4 _________. However Erik sent a letter to them not to let La Carlotta sang. The directors did not

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5 ________ Erik’s order. While La Carlotta was singing Margarita, the 6 ________ fell onto the people below. A woman was 7 _______ and many people were 8 _________. The Opera House was closed for 2 weeks.

ANSWER Practice 1 (Character) GoodCharacter/ Character you admire/like 1. unselfish 2. poor 3. died 4. hard 5. singer 6. received Bad/Evil Character 1 cunning/cruel/mean/bad 2 rejected 3 society 4 ugly 5 childhood Practice 2 (THEME) 1 loyalty 2 portrayed 3 met 4 holidaying 5 meet Practice 3 (MORAL VALUES) 1 brave 2 killed 3 helped 4 kidnapped

7. Erik 8. Prima 9. fell 10. touched 11. freed

6 revengeful 7 fulfilled / obeyed 8 voice 9 destroy 10 kidnapped

6 shows 7 receives 8 regards 9 reveals

5 rescue 6 secret 7 danger 8 person

Practice 4 (LESSON LEARNT/MESSAGE) 1 rejected 2 left 3 mask 4 talented 5 sensitive

6 willingly 7 singer 8 appearance 9 appreciate

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Practice 5 (EVENT) 1 opening 2 directors 3 La Carlotta 4 Margarita

5 follow 6 chandelier 7 killed 8 injured

CHARACTER The Prisoner of Zenda Good Character Character you admire/like The good character that I found in The Prisoner of Zenda is Rudolf Rassendyll. He is a handsome, well-educated and skillful. He could speak several languages such as German and French. He is good and skillful at sword fighting and horse riding. Rudolf is a very brave person. He did not run way when he was confronted with the King’s enemies. He faced them confidently and defeated many of them. He is also good at strategy and planned many attacks against the King’s enemies. He risked his life to save the King. Rudolf is also very honourable. Although Princess Flavia loved him, he knew he could not love her because his duty to the King and country came first. Bad character The bad character that I found in The Prisoner of Zenda is Duke Micheal of Strelsau. He is a very greedy man. As a duke, he has a lot of land and power. But still he was not satisfied and wanted to be the King. Besides, he wanted to marry Princess Flavia although he knew that she is the King’s fiancée. The princess did not love Duke Micheal at all. He is also an evil man. He would kill anybody who got into his way. He hired six men to do his killing for him. He was willing to kill his own brother, King Rudolf V to get his throne and the beautiful Princess Flavia. Determined Character In my opinion the character in the Prisoner of Zenda who showed great determination was Rudolf Rassendyll. In Zenda he was asked to impersonate King Rudolf who was drugged by the evil Duke Micheal. He knew it was dangerous but he was determined to help the King. Later on, he fell in love with Princess Flavia. He wished to marry Princess Flavia but he was determined to protect his honour. He knew that it was not honourable to marry Princess Flavia because he was not the true King. He was also not right to leave the King to die at the hands of Duke Micheal. Determined to do the right thing, he risked his life to save the King and Ruritania. INTERESTING/EXCITING /MEMORABLE EVENT

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The Prisoner of Zenda The event that I found interesting in the Prisoner of Zenda is when Rassendyll saved the King. He had to wait for Zenda Castle to open before he could take action. When the drawbridge opened, he rushed in to look for the place when the King was imprisoned. . At the same time, Duke Micheal and Rupert were having a sword fight. When the drawbridge was raised up, Rassendyll was already waiting for Colonel Sapt and the others to come and take the King to safety.

INTERESTING PLACE/SETTING The Prisoner of Zenda An interesting place where many events took place in the Prisoner of Zenda was the Zenda Castle. It was the place where King Rudolf was kept as a captive by his own brother Duke Micheal who wanted to take the throne. Zenda Castle has white towers which rose high above the forest surroundings. It was a beautiful building on a hilltop that looked like a castle in a fairy tale. Duke Micheal owned the castle and it was surrounded by a moat with a drawbridge across it. When the drawbridge was drawn up, no one could get into the castle unless he swam across the moat. King Rudolf was caught as a prisoner in the castle in a room. This place was guarded by three of the Famous Six. Hence, if the castle was under attack one of them would rushed in to kill the King. Rudolf Rassendyll and his men planned to rescue the King. This was the place where Rudolf Rassendyll risked his life and fought bravely to save the King. THEME The Prisoner of Zenda Loyalty The theme of loyalty is prevalent throughout the novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’. It is portrayed by Colonel Sapt and Fritz. They were willing to die for their king. They never told anyone that the king was unconscious in the morning of his coronation. They even risked their lives to save him when he was kidnapped. Colonel Sapt and Fritz were also loyal to Rudolf Rassendyll whom they asked to impersonate the king. They were always at his side protecting him during the coronation and after that when he continued to impersonate the king. Princess Flavia was loyal to the king and her country. She sacrificed her love for Rudolf Rassendyll in order to carry out her duty to the king and her people. The Prisoner of Zenda Justice

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Based on the novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, justice was indeed done. Black Michael, who had caused all the sufferings, was killed in the end. Black Michael wanted to be the King of Ruritania. He also wanted to marry Princess Flavia eventhough he already had Antoinette de Mauban. His desire for power was so great that he even tried to kill the king. He did not hesitate to kill anyone who got in his way. So he hired the Famous Six to carry out his evil deeds. In the end, he was killed by one of his own men, Rupert of Hentzau. As for Rupert of Hentzau, he had to run away from Zenda.

The Prisoner of Zenda Bravery Based on the novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I consider Rudolf Rassendyll as a brave character. Whenever there was a need to fight, Rudolf faced his enemies courageously. He had never run away from a fight. Once, eight of Black Michael’s men came to bury Josef who had died in protecting the king, Rudolf managed to fight them off and even killed two of them. Rudolf encountered Black Michael’s Famous Six without any fear. He also attacked Zenda Castle with Colonel Sapt and Fritz. He fought bravely against two of the Famous Six and rescued the king. He was truly a brave hero. Honour In ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I learnt to be honourable. Honour is shown through the actions of the main character, Rudolf Rassendyll. During his visit to Ruritania, he met the King of Ruritania. When the king was drugged and could not attend his coronation, Rudolf Rassendyll was persuaded to impersonate him. To defend the king’s throne and to save him from his evil brother, Black Michael, Rudolf Rassendyll put his life at stake. He went through a lot of hardship in rescuing the king. While impersonating the king, he met Princess Flavia, the king’s fiancée. He fell in love with her. He could have let the king be killed by Black Michael, marry the princess and live happily ever after. However, he was an honourable man. He rescued the king and sacrificed his love for the princess. He remained a hero in the princess’ heart. To the king and his faithful followers, Colonel Sapt and Fritz, he was a friend and hero. If he had done otherwise, he might have married the princess and ruled as king, but he will never have the respect of those who knew about his impersonation. ENRICHMENT EXERCISE PRACTICE 1 (CHARACTER) Good Character/Character you admire/like The good character that I find in The Prisoner of Zenda is 1 _________________. He was handsome, well-educated and skillful. He could speak several languages such as German and French. He was good and skillful at fighting 2 ___________and horse-riding. Rudolf was a very brave person. He did not run way when he was confronted by the King’s enemies. He faced them 3 __________ and defeated many of them. He was also good at strategy and planned many attacks against the King’s enemies. He risked his life to 4 _______the King.

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Rudolf was also very honourable. Although Princess Flavia loved him, he knew he could not love her because his 5 _________to the King and country came first. Bad character The bad character that I find in The Prisoner of Zenda is 1 _______________________. He was a very greedy man. As a duke, he had a lot of land and power. But still he was not 2___________and wanted to be the King. Besides, he wanted to 3________ Princess Flavia although he knew that she was the King’s fiancée. The princess did not love Duke Micheal at all. He was also an evil man. He would kill anybody who got into his way. He hired six men to do his 4 _______for him. He was willing to kill his own brother, King Rudolf V to get his 5 _____________ and the beautiful Princess Flavia. ANSWER FOR ENRICHMENT EXERCISE PRACTICE 1 (CHARACTER) Good Character Character you admire/like 1 Rudolf Rassendyll 2 sword 3 confidently

4 save 5 duty

Bad character 1 Duke Micheal of Strelsau 2 satisfied 3 marry

4 killing 5 throne

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The Prisoner of Zenda LESSON LEARNT/MESSAGE Sample questions: 1. Based on the novel that you have chosen, write about the lesson that you have learnt. Give reasons for your choice. (pengajaran yang dipelajari) 2.

Write about the moral of the story. (nilai murni)

3.

What lessons can you learn from the main character. (pengajaran yang dipelajari)

4.

We can learn some moral values when we read the novel. Briefly discuss some of the moral values found in the novel. (nilai-nilai murni)

5.

What lessons can you learn from the main character. (pengajaran yang dipelajari)

6.

We can learn some moral values when we read the novel. Briefly discuss some of the moral values found in the novel. (nilai-nilai murni)

A sample answer: In ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I learnt to be honourable. Honour is shown through the actions of the main character, Rudolf Rassendyll. During his visit to Ruritania, he met the King of Ruritania. When the king was drugged and could not attend his coronation, Rudolf Rassendyll was persuaded to impersonate him. To defend the king’s throne and to save him from his evil brother, Black Michael, Rudolf Rassendyll put his life at stake. He went through a lot of hardship in rescuing the king. While impersonating the king, he met Princess Flavia, the king’s fiancée. He fell in love with her. He could have let the king be killed by Black Michael, marry the princess and live happily ever after. However, he was an honourable man. He rescued the king and sacrificed his love for the princess. He remained a hero in the princess’ heart. To the king and his faithful followers, Colonel Sapt and Fritz, he was a friend and hero. If he had done otherwise, he might have married the princess and ruled as king, but he will never have the respect of those who knew about his impersonation.

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*Please refer to Practice 1 for further enrichment exercise

A sample answer: Bravery Based on the novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I consider Rudolf Rassendyll as a brave character. Whenever there was a need to fight, Rudolf faced his enemies courageously. He had never run away from a fight. Once, eight of Black Michael’s men came to bury Josef who had died in protecting the king, Rudolf managed to fight them off and even killed two of them. Rudolf encountered Black Michael’s Famous Six without any fear. He also attacked Zenda Castle with Colonel Sapt and Fritz. He fought bravely against two of the Famous Six and rescued the king. He was truly a brave hero. *Please refer to Practice 2 for further enrichment exercise EVENTS Possible questions: 7. What is the most exciting event? (peristiwa yang menarik) 8. Describe the event that you like most and its significance to the story. (peristiwa yang anda suka & kepentingannya) 9. Which is the most interesting part of the novel you have read? (bahagian paling menarik) 10. Describe a particular section or incident in the novel that you have enjoyed reading. Give reasons. (bahagian atau insiden tertentu) 11. Write about your favourite part. (bahagian kegemaran) 12. State an unforgettable incident. (satu insiden yang tidak dapat dilupakan)

INTERESTING/EXCITING /MEMORABLE EVENT The event that I found interesting in the Prisoner of Zenda is when Rassendyll saved the King. He had to wait for Zenda Castle to open before he could take action. When the drawbridge opened, he rushed in to look for the place when the King was imprisoned. . At the same time, Duke Micheal and Rupert were having a sword fight. When the drawbridge was raised up, Rassendyll was already waiting for Colonel Sapt and the others to come and take the King to safety.

*Please refer to Practice 3 for further enrichment exercise ENRICHMENT EXERCISES

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Practice 1 (Lesson Learnt) In ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I learnt to be 1.__________. Honour is shown through the actions of the main character, Rudolf Rassendyll. During his visit to Ruritania, he met the King of Ruritania. When the king was drugged and could not attend his coronation, Rudolf Rassendyll was persuaded to 2.______________him. To defend the king’s throne and to save him from his evil brother, Black Michael, Rudolf Rassendyll put his life at stake. He went through a lot of hardship in rescuing the king. While impersonating the king, he met Princess Flavia, the king’s fiancée. He fell in love with her. He could have let the king be killed by Black Michael, marry the princess and live happily ever after. However, he was an honourable man. He rescued the king and 3.__________ his love for the princess. He remained a hero in the princess’ heart. To the king and his 4.___________ followers, Colonel Sapt and Fritz, he was a friend and 5._____. If he had done otherwise, he might have married the princess and ruled as king, but he will never have the respect of those who knew about his impersonation. Practice 2 (Bravery) Based on the novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’, I consider Rudolf Rassendyll as a 1._______ character. Whenever there was a need to fight, Rudolf faced his 2._________ courageously. He had never run away from a fight. Once, eight of Black Michael’s men came to bury Josef who had died in 3.__________ the king, Rudolf managed to fight them off and even killed two of them. Rudolf encountered Black Michael’s Famous Six without any 4._____. He also attacked Zenda Castle with Colonel Sapt and Fritz. He fought bravely against two of the Famous Six and 5.________ the king. He was truly a brave hero.

Practice 3 (Event) The event that I found interesting in the Prisoner of Zenda is when Rassendyll 1._____ the King. He had to wait for Zenda Castle to open before he could take action. When the drawbridge opened, he rushed in to look for the place when the King was 2._________. At the same time, Duke Micheal and Rupert were having a sword 3. _____. When the drawbridge was raised up, Rassendyll was already waiting for Colonel Sapt and the others to come and take the King to 4.________.

ANSWER KEY Practice 1 (Lesson Learnt) 1. honourable

2. impersonate

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3. sacrificed

5. hero

4. faithful Practice 2 (Bravery) 1. brave 2. enemies 3. protecting

4. fear 5. rescued

Practice 3 (Event) 1. saved 2. imprisoned

3. fight 4. safety

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Pmr English Language Module 2 2011 Paper 2

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