The study of the fundamental nature of existence as such, and the fundamental questions of reality, both of man and of the world. METAPHYSICS Philosophy is a review of what is right and what is wrong and to determine the right from the wrong and the wrong from reasoning FALSE According to Arendt, The inability to think prevents a man to _______. ALL According to annah Arendt, what distinguishes man from animals! THINKING According to annah Arendt, the greatest evil in the world are usually committed by" NOBODIES #or $reeks, their Philosophy is cosmo%centric& 'from where does e verything come' TRUE According to (ertrand )ussell, ______ are aware of material needs, who reali*es that men must have food for the body, but is oblivious of the necessity of providing food for the mind. PRACTICAL MEN The question of the scope of knowledge of man is studied under" EPIS A question is philosophical when it is reflexive. TRUE The study of what is good and what is evil is taken under" ETHICS The $reek search for the +rstuff is the philosophy of" META hat makes a question philosophical! REFLEXIVE According to annah Arendt, what distinguishes man from animals! THINKING The study of science and art of correct inferential reasoning. LOGIC According to Plato, philosophy comes from" WONDER Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to i ts questions since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true, but rather for the sake of the questions themselves TRUE The study of the nature mankind, and the good which he should strive for. for. RATIONAL According to annah Arendt, what distinguishes man from animals! THINKING The inquiry on beautiful and ugly, as well as the fuel which moves the history of art is" AESTHETICS Philosophy is to be sought largely in its very ______ UNCERTAINTY -+/ 0 1etermine the quantity or extension of the sub2ect term" A bunch of beauties 2oined the beauty pageant. PARTICULAR 1etermine if the definition is valid or not. f not valid, determine the rule of definitions violated" A family is a group of persons consisting of parents and their children. 3alid t expresses only 456 meaning or sense when applied to several ob2ects. UNIVOCAL t is the beginning of knowledge. t is when we have an understanding or an idea of things that we can say we know. APPREHENSION
7odification of substance as regards the effect of having extended and measurable parts. QUANTITY 1etermine the quantity or extension of the sub2ect term" 5o books are worthless. UNIVERSAL 8elf apprehension and comprehension are useful to put order in our universal concepts by ways of classification and to assign the proper nature of things when we try to understand and define them. FALSE t is defined as the possession of the mental re presentation or intentional form of an ob2ect. IDEA t is the process which preserves or retains the essential and fundamental qualities and elements of an ob2ect. ABSTRACTION This discusses the conceptual patterns or structures needed for a valid and correct argument or inference. t deals with the correct patterns of argumentation. FORMAL LOGIC 1etermine the quantity or extension of the sub2ect term" 6very month has at least twenty eight days. UNIVERSAL 1etermine the quantity or extension of the sub2ect term" $overnment officials are elected by the people. COLLECTIVE As the comprehension of the idea increases, the extension decreases and vice versa. TRUE t is defined as the possession of the mental re presentation or intentional form of an ob2ect. IDEA t is the external manifestation or sign of an idea. t is a written or spoken word. TERM 1etermine if the definition is valid or not. f not valid, determine the rule of definitions violated" A liar is a person whose indirect speech is due to an attempt to a construct a superficial substitute of the truth. VALID 1etermine if the definition is valid or not. f not valid, determine the rule of definitions violated" $oodness is the deprivation of 6vilness. VALID t is a term that expresses a meaning that is partly different and partly the same, or meanings that are related. ANALOGOUS 7otion of the substance, commonly inducing a result in another thing. e.g. running, sawing, baking. ACTION 1etermine the quantity or extension of the sub2ect term" #ilipinos are )oman 9atholics. COLLECTIVE -+/ : t is the act by which the intellect relates or combines ideas or concepts. JUDGEMENT t is a pronouncement that is considered as the mental product of the act of 2udgment. ENUNCIATION All are categorical or attributive proposition 6;96PT" THE CLOUD 9lassify as either A, 6, , or 4" 8ome students are thrifty. I hich is not a proposition among the following statements! TELL THE MANAGER
hich among the statements is a particular negative! WARRIORS 1etermine the type of opposition between the propositions" Triangles are polygons
CONTRA hich among the statements is a universal affirmative! ALL THINGS 9lassify as either A, 6, , or 4" 8aintly men are not sinful men. A 1etermine the type of opposition between the propositions" Televisions are appliances
ETHICS The study of existence in general ONTOLOGY According to 7aritain, Philosophy is the science by which the natural light of reason studies the first causes or highest principles of ______. ALL THINGS The questions of the ndians which focused on the nature of the self was" EGOCEN 1etermine the )eal, 1escriptive 1efinition" A computer is a device that was made by a computer engineer. CAUSAL A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents passed by a legislating body according to which a state or other organi*ation is governed. CAUSAL 1etermine the )eal, 1escriptive 1efinition" 8chi*ophrenia is a mental state characteri*ed by coexistence of incompatible elements of the brain. DISTINCTIVE The study of the nature of knowledge. EPISTEMOLOGY The study of values and of human action. ETHICS
-+/ @ 7ay posit one member in the minor premise, and conclusion re2ects the other member, or, may re2ect in minor premise, but posit in the conclusion. The symbol to be used in this syllogism is v which means or. DISJUNCTIVE f each of two concepts agrees respectively with the same third concept, then they also agree with each other. f A agrees with (, and ( agrees with 9, then A agrees with 9. TRUE n categorical syllogism, what is the pattern that stands for ma2or term! P This law states that whatever is denied universally, in a formal manner, of a logical whole or class, should also be denied of its logical parts. DICTUM DE NULLO 4ne form of deductive argument which is a set of three propositions, the first two being the premises and the last is the conclusion. The conclusion must always follow and must be derived from the premises. SYLLOGISM 5o term may have a greater extension in the conclusion than in the premises % This applies to the two terms in the conclusion namely the ma2or and the minor terms. f a term is used as a particular in the premise its must remain particular in the conclusion, otherwise the same term would have a wider extension in the conclusion and that may not be the same term used in the premise. TRUE This is an inference from one proposition without the use of a third term, 4ne may infer or derive another proposition from the truth of one proposition. ?ogical opposition and logical equivalence are regarded as ______. IMMEDIATE INFERENCE hich rules states that 5o conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises RULE 6 9omposed of a hypothetical proposition in the ma2or premise, and categorical propositions for both the minor premise and the conclusion. HYPOTHETICAL 1etermine the syllogistic fallacy"
FALLACY OF UNDISTRIBUTED f one concept agrees with a third term and the other disagrees with the same third term, then they disagree with each other. f A agrees with (, but 9 does not agree with A, then ( and 9 do not agree with each other. TRUE t is a process of reasoning which proceeds from specific or particular instances to the formulation of general or universal principles or statements. NDUCTIVE ARGUMENT 1etermine the syllogistic fallacy" <5o fish are mammals= <8ome dogs are not fish= <8ome dogs are not mammals= ILLICIT MAJOR ______ is a process of reasoning which proceeds from universal or general laws, principles or statements to particular instances or propositions. DEDUCTIVE n this kind of syllogism, the terms here are not identified as ma2or, minor or middle. HYPOTHETICAL The standard expression of argument in Aristotelian logic, it is a basic form of argument wherein it is arranged orderly so as to show the structure or form of the argument and important terms and propositions to facilitate logical analysis. SYLLOGISM A kind of dis2unctive syllogism wherein only one member is true, but both may be true. BROAD 1etermine the syllogistic fallacy"
-+/ 1etermine the fallacy" 4riental Philosophy is the best course to take at this time of our generation. know this because all of my friends say so. APPEAL TO POPU (ut 7om, donBt see why have to wear socks& 6instein never did wear socks. AD VER Cou support capital punishment 2ust because you want an 'eye for an eye,' but have several good reasons to believe that capital punishment is fundamentally wrongD STRAW MAN 1etermine the fallacy" The 8mithson #oundation is investigating whether or not police officers are using excessive force in traffic a rrests of minorities. ence, we may conclude that some police officers, at least, use excessive force in that kind of arrest. APPEAL TO IGNORANCE The basic idea of this fallacy is that a claim is accepted as being true simply because most people are favorably inclined towards the claim. APPEAL TO POPU This is a fallacy of presenting only two options wherein both claims could be false, yet it is inferred that one is true because the other is false. FALSE DILEMMA This fallacy is committed when a person simply ignores the actual position of a person and substitutes a distorted, exaggerated or misrepresented version of that position. STRAW MAN A fallacy committed when a person assumes that a departure from what occurs on average or in the long term will be corrected in the short term. GAMBLER’S FALLACY
1etermine the fallacy" think there is great merit in making the requirements stricter for the graduate students. recommend that you support it, too. Af ter all, we are in a budget crisis and we do not want our salaries affected. RED HERRING 5o mathematician has ever been able to demonstrate the truth of the variants of the $oldberg con2ecture, so they cannot all be true AD IGNORANTIAM 7ia ?ei has really worked hard on his term pro2ect, and she will really be depressed if she does not make an A. #or these reasons, you 2ust have to give him an A on her pro2ect. AD MISERICO Plagiarism is deceitful because it is dishonest BEGGING THE QUESTION (ut 1octor, surely your advice that should not drink coffee is not sound advice since you yourself often drink coffee. AD HOMINEM Cou ought to try to study harder in school this year, )on, because it will spare your parents the embarrassment of a letter from the instructor telling them youBre slipping. AD BACULUM 1etermine the fallacy" All persons act in order that they might get pleasure. 6ven so% called altruistic persons who help others so much that they do almost nothing for themselves get pleasure out of giving. 4therwise, they wouldnBt do it. 8uppose a person hits himself over the head with a hammer. e must get pleasure from it, because why else would he do it if he didnBt get pleasure from it! PETITIO PRINCIPII 6veryone believes that men write the best novels& therefore, there is little doubt that they do so. AD POPULUM Those who say that extra%sensory perception is not reliable are mistaken. The police, ollywood stars, and politicians have all relied on it. AD VERCUNDIAM t is ridiculous to have spent thousands of dollars to rescue those two whales trapped in the Arctic ice. hy look at all the people trapped in 2obs they donBt like. RED HERRING 1etermine the fallacy" The result of my doing well in economics is very simple. eat Post Toasties for breakfast every morning for breakfast, and this breakfast helps my ability to analy*e in great depth. think it must be all those complex carbohydrates. POST HOC 1etermine the fallacy" ?ook 7r. () examiner, of course owe taxes%%Bm not denying that. owever, was unable to file on time because my wife was sick and my two children need my attention. 8urely the () is not opposed to keeping the family together. APPEAL TO PITY -+/ E This corresponds to nutrition and growth, as well as reproduction. VEGETATION A Philosophical school of thought which believes in the superiority of the mind in finding the truth and acquiring knowledge, but since pure reason tends to be very formalistic, they tend to be dogmatic. RATIONALISM According to #reud, which part of the mind is composed mainly of life and death instincts! EGO According to #reud, which part of the mind is dominated by the pleasure principle! ID 7arx blames this for oppression" IDEOLOGY hich is not a kind or part of the soul for Aristotle!
SPIRITED This, for 7arx, is what we need yet the philosophers have so far failed to give. COM REVO 7arx blames this for oppression" IDEOLOGY According to #reud, primitive instinctual motives and repressed memories are stored in the __________ UNCONSCIOUS Aristotle believed that man had a natural drive for society, being a political animal, as well as for knowledge, $od, and ultimately, happiness. TRUE #or 1avid ume, even the liveliest thought is inferior to ______. DULLEST SENSATION According to #reud, the principle under ?ife 1rive which the id operates upon. it is the desire for immediate gratification. PLEASURE PRINCIPLE This, for 7arx, is what we need yet the philosophers have so far failed to give. COM REV This, for 7arx, has shaped the entirety of history. CLASS STRUGGLE hat are the primal nstincts according to #reud! DEATH AND LIFE hat did 1avid ume call his theory of the self or of identity! THE BUNDLE #or Plato, the idealist, he presented the three parts of soul namely" APPETITIVE The egoBs mechanism for suppressing and forgetting instinctual impulses. REPRESSION According to ume, all our more complex ideas can be reducible to more 947P?9AT61 16A8. FALSE hat is the P)7A)C root of all suffering according to (uddha! ATTACHMENTS MIDTERM EXAM 9onsists of the various ideasFterms and 2udgmentsFpropositions of the argument or syllogism. t is what the syllogism or argument is all about, its substance, its content and its meaning, in other words it is what the argument says. MATTER 1etermine the fallacy" The testimony of the defendant a ccused of manslaughter in this indictment should be disallowed because she has been arrested for shoplifting on many occasions. AD HOMINEM This fallacy is committed when a person draws a conclusion about a population based on a sample that is not large enough HASTY GENERALIZATION hich is not part of the tripartite soul of Plato! VEGETATIVE 1etermine whether or not the hypothetical syllogism is valid or invalid, and if valid, determine which kind. <f p, q.=
1etermine the syllogistic fallacy"
1etermine the fallacy" think that the tests given in this class were more than fair, and think you will agree with me because, if you do not, your grade in this course will certainly be in 2eopardy. APPEAL TO FEAR QUIZ The three roots of evil according to (uddhism are the following, 6;96PT" LUST AND CRAVING (rahman is the foundation consciousness, the fundamental postulate of all knowledge. TRUE t is the sole reality, for it is the metaphysical unity which is manifested in all empirical plurality. ATMAN The 6ight%fold path in (uddhism can be grouped into the following 6;96PT" USEFULNESS 8omeone who reaches nirvana does not i mmediately disappear to a heavenly realm. TRUE (rahman is one, but we view it in five ways. FALSE )ight 8peech is to 8amma 3aca " )ight ?ivelihood is to _________. SAMMA AJIVA hich is not true about 5irvana! IMMEDIATELY DISAPPEAR This stage of (uddhaBs 6ightfold path addresses the developing of mental focus necessary for awareness. RIGHT CONCENTRATION t is one of the early philosophical systems in induism. t is the systematic investigation of actions, rituals and sacrifices and principles according to which the 3edas are interpreted. MIMAMSA The (uddha is often compared to an architect. PHYSICIAN The 1aoist notion of letting be, according to nature. WEI WU WEI t specifically refers to the illusion superimposed upon reality as an effect of ignorance. MAYA t is one of the five sheaths
NECESSARY BEING #or (laise Pascal, despite his rational ager, he believes that without ______, life would lose its value. THE HEART hat was the greatest contribution of Augustine to the history of Philosophy and Theology! AMBROSE This being than which no greater can be conceived is" GOD 8ince all existent things depend upon other things for their existence, there must exist at least one thing that is not dependent and so is a ______. NECESSARY BEING n 1ostoevskyBs The (rothers Garama*ov. 9onscience has to do with the intention of an act rather than the outcome of an act. FALSE The #ive ays formulated by Aquinas, which is meant to be a proof for the existence of $od, argues by" NECESSARY BEING The Argument from 6fficient 9ause states that the sequence of causes which make up this universe must have a formal cause. FALSE According to Pascal, we can know what $od is. FALSE The ager, which was formulated by (laise Pascal, is a ______ of $od STATISTICAL 6vil is unnecessary for improvement of the soul, spiritual growth, and testing faith. FALSE hat is the meaning of PascalBs sentence, 'The heart has its reasons which reason does not know!' BALANCE 6vil is an illusion or a lack of the being of goodness. 6vil arises at the disappearance of goodness. TRUE The Argument from 1esign.
TRUE hat was the greatest contribution of Augustine to the history of Philosophy and Theology! PLATO 8artreBs philosophy of freedom was crystalli*ed during the 5a*i occupation of #rance. TRUE The source of sin is the result of the soulBs weakness and this is due to its being created out of nothing. TRUE egel maintained that 'hell is other people.' SATRE DID uman beings are pour soi, or being%for%itself, but becomes en soi, or being being%in% itself, when" EXISTENCE #or egel, the history of philosophy is the history of the developing self%consciousness of 7ind. TRUE #or 8artre, 6xistence precedes essence. TRUE The 8artrean concept of being%for%itself pertains to __________. CONSCIOUS AugustineBs emphasis on will was a response to the dualism of 7anichaeism which saw evil as a potent force, equal a nd opposite to good. According to this, by his very nature, man was predestined to sin. TRUE Jean%Paul 8artre calls it ______ when we put the blame on other people or outside circumstances whenever we commit wrong acts. BAD FAITH ______________ was a catch cry of the )evolution in #rance. FREEDOM OR DEATH #or egel, the ___ is the only true individual STATE (ad faith can be equated to ________. ANGUISH QUIZ 1# e argued against 'natural law' theory and thought that the classical theories of Plato and Aristotle as well as notions such as GantBs 9ategorical mperative were too outdated, confusing andFor controversial to be of much help with societyBs ills and a program of social reform. BENTHAM +tilitarian ethics is often critici*ed because it undermines" UNIQUENESS 9ategorical mperatives have the general form" # C4+ A5T BA,B T65 C4+ 4+$T T4 14 B(.B FALSE 5iet*sche said that $od is dead because" THE CONCEPT There is no distinction between the ' want'
LIBERALISM According to Gant, all is born with a will to power. NIETZSCHE A ______ is the only thing that is 'good without qualification.' GOOD WILL n ethics, that right action consists solely in the conformity of an action to a 2ustified rule or principle is called" DEON A 9ategorical mperative has the general form" 14 BAB
