Pharmacy Mcqs

PHARMACY MCQs 1. Cimetidine:

a) lowers plasma creatinine c) hastens gastric emptying e) may impair cardiac conduction

b) prolongs the prothrombin time d) may potentiate the action of warfarin

2. Acute intermittent porphyria:

a) is exacerbated by digoxin b) is precipitated by sulphonamides c) is prec precip ipit itat ated ed by ethy ethyll alc alcoh ohol ol d) is trea treate ted d by by par paren ente tera rall lid lidoc ocai aine ne e) contraindicates the use of thiopentone 3. The following are features of digoxin toxicity:

a) headache

b) nausea

c) abdominal pain

d) convulsions

e) coupled beats

4. Lidocaine can cause:

a) se sedatio tion poten tential ial

b) co convulsion ions c) sl slowed A-V A-V conduction e) shortening of the the refract actory phase

d) pr prolongatio tion of of th the ca cardiac iac ac action ion

5. Features of severe aspirin overdose include:

a) Tinnitus b) metabolic acidosis e) hyperventilation

c) a reduction in the platelet count

d) haemolysis

6. Atropine antagonises the action of:

a) some some of the the eff effec ects ts of morp morphi hine ne c) ace acetylc tylcho holi lin ne at at swe sweat at glan gland ds e) pilocarpine on the pupil

b) acet acetyl ylch chol olin inee at at the the neur neurom omus uscu cula larr jun junct ction ion d) trim trimeetaph taphan an at the the aut auto onomi nomicc gan gang glia lia

7. Toxic effects of sodium nitroprusside:

a) are not related to dose d) are are due due to to live liverr rhod rhodan anes esee

b) are due to cyanide ions c) are due to thiocyanate e) may may be be trea treate ted d with with vit vitami amin n B12 B12

8. Pethidine:

a) cause causess less less miosis miosis than than morph morphine ine b) is metabo metabolis lised ed to active active sub substa stance ncess with with analg analgesi esicc proper properties ties c) has has a long longer er dura duratio tion n of actio action n than than morp morphin hinee d) poss posses esse sess atro atropi pine ne-l -lik ikee acti activi vity ty e) has has some some local anaesthetic activity 9. The following are useful in the suppression of ventricular ectopic beats:

a) digoxin

b) amiodarone

c) mexiletine

d) verapamil

e) bretylium

10. The following act directly on vascular smooth muscle by altering calcium transport:

a) nicardipine

b) sodium nitroprusside

c) hydralazine d) bendrofluazide

c) dantrolene

11. Metoclopramide:

a) has has an an act actio ion n on on gas gastr tric ic empt emptyi ying ng oppo oppose sed d by by atr atrop opin inee c) is a phenothiazine d) lowers the blood glucose 12. Otoxicity can follow the administration of:

b) caus causes es prol prolac acti tin n rel relea ease se e) is a dopamine antagonist

a) ethacrynic acid

b) gentamicin

c) frusemide

d) cefuroxime

e) streptomycin

13. Poisoning by organophosphorus organophosphorus compounds causes:

a) increased bronchial secretions

b) constipation c) miosis

d) tetanus

e) tachycardia

14. Phenobarbitone:

a) is used used in the the tre treat atme ment nt of gran grand d mal mal epil epilep epsy sy c) can produce skin rashes e) has its effects terminated by redistribution

b) may may aggr aggrav avat atee peti petitt mal mal epil epilep epsy sy d) is rapidly metabolised

15. Testosterone derivatives are:

a) androgenic

b) diabetogenic

c) progestogenic

d) anabolic

e) carcinogenic

16. Buprenorphine:

a) cause causess little little naus nausea ea and and vomit vomiting ing c) is is mostl mostly y metab metaboli olised sed in the the live liverr e) must be given parenterally

b) has has a resp respira iratory tory depres depressan santt action action anta antagon gonised ised by nalo naloxon xonee d) may may caus causee withd withdraw rawal al symp symptom tomss in morphi morphine ne addi addicts cts

17. The following should not be discontinued abruptly:

a) cimetidine

b) propranolol

c) clonidine

d) amiodarone

e) digoxin

18. Sulphonylureas:

a) are used in maturity-onset di diabetes b) can cause hypoglycaemia c) are suitable suitable for the treatment treatment of ketoacidos ketoacidosis is d) are an effective effective treatment treatment for hyperglyca hyperglycaemia emia following following total pancreatectomy e) can cause lactic acidosis 19. Hyoscine:

a) causes tachycardia b) causes sedation c) causes mydriasis e) has a weaker antisialagogue effect than atropine

d) is an antiemetic

20. Salbutamol can cause:

a) trem tremo or b) an an in increa crease se in uter terine ine con contr trac acti tili lity ty d) hypokalaemia e) tachycardia

c) a wor worssenin ening g of of int inter erm mitte ittent nt clau laudicat icatio ion n

ANSWERS

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1. Dopamine:

a) may prod roduce ventric ricular arrh rrhythmias c) crosses the blood-brain barrier e) is inactivated in alkaline solution

b) increa reases mesen esentteric ric blood flow at high doses d) is synthesised from L-dopa

2. The following increase the amount of calcium in cardiac muscle:

a) halothane b) adrenaline c) diltiazem d) nifedipine e) trimetaphan 3. The following can be used safely in a patient on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor: a) morphine b) pethidine c) noradrenaline d) amphetamine e) adrenaline 4. Hyoscine hydrobromide causes: a) antiemesis b) somnolence c) pupillary dilatation d) tachycardia followed by bradycardia e) extrapyramidal symptoms

5. Clonidine: a) is an alph alphaa-2 2 rec recep epto torr ago agoni nist st d) inhibits salivation ANSWERS 1.TTFTT 2.FTFFF

b) is a dop dopam amin inee ant antag agon onis istt c) caus causes es tach tachyc ycar ardi diaa e) reduces the minimum alveolar co concentration of halothane

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6. Hydralazine: a) is metabolised by acetylation b) is destroyed by plasma cholinesterase c) can cause a lupus-like syndrome d) stimulates the baroreceptor reflex e) is contraindicated in pregnancy 7. The following are prodrugs: a) suxamethonium b) diamorphine c) captopril d) paracetamol e) enalapril 8. The following drugs penetrate the blood-brain barrier: a) physostigmine b) dopamine c) propranolol d) glycopyrrolate e) noradrenaline 9. Naloxone: a) is an agonist at kappa receptors b) is an antagonist at mu receptors c) reverses ventilatory depression due to morphine d) may precipitate opiate withdrawal symptoms e) may cause pulmonary oedema 10. The following are precursors of adrenaline: a) tyrosine b) phenylalanine c) dopamine d) isoprenaline e) noradrenaline ANSWERS 6.TFTTF

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11. The following affect gastric emptying:

a) diamorphine b) diazepam, c) metoclopramide d) cisapride e) omeprazole 12. Chlorpromazine: a) ca can ca cause dy dystonic re reactions b) an antagonises ap apomorphine-induced vo vomiting c) is is a dop dopam amin inee antag antagon onis istt at the the che chemo morec recep epto torr trig trigge gerr zone zone d) is is a weak weak alp alpha ha-ad -adren renerg ergic ic agonist e) undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism 13. Alfentanil: a) is less lipid soluble than fentanyl b) relaxes the sphincter of Oddi c) has active metabolites d) has a large volume volume of distribution distribution e) causes analgesia analgesia without without sedation sedation 14. Folic acid metabolism is impaired by: a) nitrous oxide b) sodium nitroprusside c) sulphonamides d)  penicillin e) trimethoprim 15. Significant agonist activity at opioid receptors occurs with: a) clon clonid idin inee b) pent pentazo azocin cinee c) bupr bupren enor orph phin inee d) ketam ketamin inee (Ket (Ketam amin inee has has anta antago goni nist st acti activi vity ty at µ opioid receptors, but agonist agonist activity at d and ? receptors) e) naloxone ANSWERS

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16. Drug clearance by the body:

a) onl only y refe refers rs to to elim elimin inat ation ion by the the kid kidne ney y b) ref refer erss to the the volu volume me of of bloo blood d clear cleared ed of of the the drug drug in in unit unit time time c) can canno nott exce exceed ed the the glo glome meru rular lar filt filtra ratio tion n rate rate d) may may be be influ influen enced ced by by rena renall tubu tubula larr secr secret etio ion n e) is the same as creatinine clearance 17. Dopexamine:

a) ca causes ar arterial va vasoconstriction b) is an ag agonist at do dopaminergic D1 D1 an and D2 D2 re receptors c) increases increases the force of myocardial myocardial contraction contraction d) increases increases renal blood flow e) causes causes arrhyth arrhythmias mias 18. Sodium valproate:

a) is effective in grand mal epilepsy b) is effective in petit mal epilepsy c) is is safe in in pa patie tients with live iver di disease ase d) should not be be giv giveen to to ch child ildren e) increases brain concentrations of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) 19. The Chi-squared test:

a) is used to compare the frequencies of occurrence  b) requires the standard error of the mean to be calculated c) does not require a knowledge of the number of degrees of freedom d) should not be used for data with small groups e) does not involve the null hypothesis 20. A placebo effect:

a) may may occ occur ur in eithe eitherr tre treat atme ment nt or cont contro roll gro group upss c) is like likely ly to occu occurr rep repea eate tedl dly y in in pla place cebo bo reac reacto tors rs e) is not seen in double-blind trials

b) occu occurs rs only only in ment mental ally ly ill ill pat patien ients ts d) can can occu occurr in in up up to to 35% 35% of pati patien ents ts

ANSWERS

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1. The following act by blocking cholinergic receptors: a) trimetaphan b) hexamethonium c) ouabain d) benzhexol e) physostigmine 2. Esmolol: a) has a negative inotropic effect b) has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity c) cau cause sess a dose dose-d -dep epen ende dent nt fal falll in hea heart rt rate rate d) inc incre reas ases es air airwa ways ys res resis istan tance ce e) may prolong the duration of action of suxamethonium 3. Enflurane: a) is a halogena halogenated ted methyl-e methyl-ethyl thyl ether b) has has a blood/g blood/gas as solubil solubility ity coeffici coefficient ent of of 1.43 c) low lowers ers intr intrac acra rani nial al pres ressure sure d) incr increa ease sess the the tone tone of the the preg pregn nant ant uteru teruss e) causes a decrease in systemic vascular resistance 4. Morphine: a) causes histamine release b) has no active metabolites c) under undergoe goess extensi extensive ve first first-pa -pass ss hepat hepatic ic metabo metabolis lism m d) has has an elimin eliminati ation on halfhalf-lif lifee of 3-4 hour hourss e) may be antagonised by pentazocine 5. Uterine tone is: a) increased by ketamine b) decreased by halothane c) increased by beta-2 antagonists d) unaffected by suxamethonium e) decreased by nifedipine ANSWERS

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6. Aspirin overdose causes: a) thro thromb mboc ocyto ytope penia nia b) coma coma c) metab metabol olic ic acid acidos osis is d) jaund jaundice ice e) pulm pulmon onar ary y oede oedema ma 7. Non-depolarising neuromuscular blockers are potentiated by: a) lithium b) diazepam c) trimetaphan d) magnesium e) suxamethonium 8. Atropine: a) cros crosse sess the the bloo bloodd-br brai ain n barr barrie ierr b) can can cau cause se an init initia iall bra brady dyca card rdia ia c) increases the rate rate of gastric emptying d) increases conduction conduction through the AV node node e) produces bronchoconstriction 9. Hepatotoxicity has been associated with: a) diethyl ether b) chloroform c) cyclopropane d) enflurane e) halothane 10. The anticoagulant effect of warfarin: a) is is exerted directly on th the blood b) is is slow in in on onset c) ca can be re reversed by by vitamin K  d) is is pote potent ntia iated ted by phen phenyl ylbu butaz tazon onee c) is is pote potent ntla late ted d by barb barbitu itura rate tess

ANSWERS

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16. Low plasma cholinesterase activity: a) is related to the patient's blood group b) has no effect on the action of decamethonium c) oc occurs wi with organophosphorus poisoning d) prolongs the ac action of esmolol e) occurs in malnutrition 17. Sulphonylureas: a) acts acts by increa increasin sing g insu insulin lin releas releasee b) tend tendss to to prod produce uce weight weight loss loss c) is suit suitabl ablee for for use use in pregna pregnancy ncy d) is effective effective in correcting ketoacidosis e) can produce produce hypoglycaemia 18. Side-effects of hydralazine include: i nclude: a) tachycardia tachycardia b) impotence impotence c) constipatio constipation n d) systemic systemic lupus erythematos erythematosus us e) bronchoco bronchoconstric nstriction tion 19. The following are measures of scatter in statistical analysis: a) mean b) standard error of the mean c) standard deviation d) range e) p of less than 0.5 20. Statistical tests are used to: a) elimin iminaate observer bias ias b) elimin iminaate placebo ebo effect c) show that re results are true d) show show that that the the res resul ults ts did did not not occu occurr by by cha chanc ncee e) show show that that the the resu result ltss are are clin clinic ical ally ly sign signif ific ican antt ANSWERS

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1. Nifedipine: a) causes tachycardia b) causes tremor c) causes hypoglycaemia d) can be given sublingually e) dilates skeletal muscle arterioles 2. Tetracycline: a) may may be hep hepat atot otox oxic ic in in lar large ge dos doses es b) is is ext exten ensiv sivel ely y meta metabo boliz lized ed c) is con contr train aindi dica cate ted d in preg pregna nanc ncy y d) potentiates non-depolarising muscle muscle relaxants e) absorption is decreased by magnesium magnesium trisilicate 3. Neostigmine: a) is is elimi eliminate nated d entir entirely ely by the the live liverr b) caus causes es foet foetal al brad bradyca ycardi rdiaa when when give given n to a pregn pregnant ant woman woman c) causes miosis d) is a quaternary ammonium compound 4. The following drugs readily cross the placenta: a) atracurium b) lidocaine c) bupivacaine d) neostigmine e) propranolol 5. In acute intermittent porphyria, the following, drugs may be safely used: a) etomidate b) ketamine c) midazolam d) pethidine e) cotrimoxazole ANSWERS

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6. The following drugs are mainly eliminated from the body by hepatic metabolism: a) isoflurane b) morphine c) atracurium d) suxamethonium e) dopamine 7. The following have an elimination half-life of greater than 24 hours: a) di diazepam b) mi midazolam c) me methadone d) ge gelofusine e) hy hydroxyethyl st starch 8. Phenytoin: a) shows first-order elimina ination ion kine inetics ics b) ind induces enzymes c) cau causes hypotension ion d) causes vitamin B2 deficiency e) has a half-life of about 4 hours 9. L-dopa: a) is is mo more lip lipiid so soluble th than do dopamine b) ma may pro prod duce po postur tural hy hypoten tension c) may cause nausea d) may cause abnormal movements e) is ineffective via the oral route 10. Toxicity from hyperbaric oxygen therapy can cause: a) pain ainful ful join joints ts b) pulmo ulmon nary ary oedem edemaa c) acut acutee tu tubula bularr necro ecrossis d) conv convul ulssionse) ionse) brad brady ycard cardia ia ANSWERS

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11. Atropine: a) increases gut motility b) is a mixture of d- and l-isomers c) is equipotent with hyoscine d) can cause bradycardia e) crosses the bl blood-brain barrier   12. Beclomethasone: a) can can be give given n by aero aeroso soll inha inhale lerr b) can can caus causee cand candid idia iasi siss c) is a flud fludro roco cort rtis ison onee d) incr increa ease sess the the circ circul ulat atin ing g cor corti tiso soll con conce cent ntra rati tion on e) is a bro bronc ncho hodi dila lato tor  r  13. Dopamine receptor antagonists: a) incr increa ease se hear heartt rate rate b) are are anti antiem emet etic icss c) caus causee hype hypert rten enssion ion d) caus causee extr extrap apyr yram amid idal al side side-e -eff ffec ects ts e) increase lower oesophageal sphincter tone 14. The volume of stomach contents is reduced by: a) sodium citrate b) metoclopramide c) cimetidine d) atropine e) pyridostigmine 15. The following drugs relax the pregnant uterus: a) salbutamol b) propranolol c) noradrenaline d) acetylcholine e) dopamine ANSWERS

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16. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a) cause an alkaline urine to be produced b) cause a metabolic acidosis c) are more effective when given continuously than when given intermittently d) may lead to the the formatio tion of rena enal calculi e) cause the int intraoc aocular lar pressure to rise 17. Osmotic diuretics: a) are only effective if completely reabsorbed from the renal tubule  b) reduce intracranial pressure primarily by inducing a diuresis c) produce a urine flow limited by glomerular filtration rate d) can lead to pulmonary oedema if renal function is impaired e) have a molecular weight of between 40,000 and 65,000 daltons 18. The following are ethers: a) sevoflurane b) halothane c) desflurane d) trichloroethylene e) enflurane 19. Warfarin: a) has a rap rapid id ons onset of acti action on b) is is rea read dily ily ex excret creted ed in the the uri urine ne c) is anta antag gonis onised ed by salic alicyl ylat ates es d) is pote potent ntia iate ted d by by met metro roni nida dazo zole le e) is anta antago goni nise sed d by by bar barbi bitu tura rate tess 20. Salbutamol: a) is a beta-1 beta-1 selective selective adrenor adrenorecepto eceptorr agonist agonist b) acts on the lung only only when when given given by the the inhalation inhalational al route route c) reduces reduces the forced forced expiratory expiratory volume volume in asthmatics asthmatics d) produce producess vasodila vasodilatation tation in skeletal skeletal muscle muscle e) can produce hypokalaemia ANSWERS

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