Part a Reading Task 5 Influenza

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Task 5 Influenza Time Limit: 15 minutes Part A Summary Gap Fill Instructions Complete the following summary using the information in the texts for this task. Skim and scan the texts to find the information required. Gaps may require 1, 2 or 3 words. Write your answers in the appropriate space in the column on the right hand side. Make sure your spelling is correct. •

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Summary

Answers

1. Research suggests that there is a real danger that

2.

(1)_____animals could introduce a humantransmissible (2)____ leading to a deadly pandemic.

3. 4.

The Australia Government has also warned that H1N1 influenza is still (3)____ to all Australians and therefore vaccination (4)____as a community

5. 6.

protection. The vaccine is (5)____ and is recommended for pregnant women, people suffering

7.

from (6)____, aborigines, young children and people suffering from (7)____Vaccination provides protection to individuals and also (8)____the (8)____the flu from spreading. H1N1 has already caused (9)____ and even death in (10)____ this Autumn.

8. 9. 10. 11.

If a new strain of influenza does indeed break out, the questions remains as to whether countries are adequately prepared. A 2009 study by (11)____ and (12)____, investigated this issue by examining (13)_____ in a study of (14)____countries.

12. 13. 14.

This resource was developed by OET Online 1 Website: http://oetonline.com.au Email: [email protected]

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Part A Answer Sheet continued Summary

Answers

15. According to the data, There was inconsistency in

16.

recommendations given. Coughing etiquette and (15)_____was the most common recommendation,

17.

followed by isolation of (16)____. Avoid touching (17)____ was recommended in 7 countries.

18.

Regarding treatment at home, several measures were advised including avoiding aspirin in (18)____ and drinking (19)____regularly.

Businesses also need to be prepared and guidelines

19. 20. 21.

suggest that business owners be prepared for (20)____. It is also important to ensure good (21)____ among staff as well as planning for (22)____. Decisions on whether to (23)____during a pandemic need to be made. Businesses may also be

22. 23. 24.

in a position to offer (24)____. 25. As identified by Alonso & Schuck-Paim, (25)_____ which concentrates on slowing down transmission in required. It must also be (26)____and provide (27)____ with clear and comprehensive guidelines.

26. 27. TOTAL SCORE


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Part A Time Limit: 15 minutes

Instructions Complete the summary on the answer page using the information in the four texts below. Skim and scan the texts to find the information required. Write your answers in the appropriate space in the column on the right hand side. Make sure your spelling is correct. •

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Text 1 Category

Specific Recommendation

Reducing Transmission to others

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Isolation at home of infected individuals Treatment of patient at home (mild symptoms) Call before visiting doctor Coughing etiquette Call before visiting doctor

Prevention measures

1. Not to touch eyes and mouth 2. Washing hands

Number of countries adopting it 1. 8 2. 6 3. 3 4. 10 5. 3 1. 7 2. 10

Treating patients at home

1. Antiviral without need to visit doctor 1. 5 2. 4 2. Regular water consumption 3. How to treat fever 3. 4 4. 4 4. Avoid aspirin for young individuals Preparation for 1. Store water 1. 2 2. 2 home isolation 2. Store food 3. Store medicine 3. 2 4. 1 4. Store masks Table 1: Official preparedness recommendations & guidelines provided by government sources in 10 countries.

Text 2 Australian Government Announcement H1N1 Vaccine now available (18 January 2010) H1N1 influenza remains a threat and all Australians are encouraged to get vaccinated to protect both themselves and those who are vulnerable in the community. There is clear evidence of serious or fatal health complications for some people who catch this flu. As with all flu viruses, H1N1 influenza spreads easily from person to person. By getting vaccinated you not only protect yourself but can help stop this flu spreading. In the northern hemisphere pandemic influenza arrived in autumn, earlier than seasonal influenza and it has caused thousands of hospitalisations as well as some deaths. All people can receive the free vaccine but some people are at higher risk of suffering serious complications from H1N1 Influenza. Vaccination is strongly recommended for pregnant women, people with underlying chronic conditions, indigenous Australians, people who are severely obese and young children.


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Text 3 Title: Public preparedness guidance for a severe influenza pandemic in different countries: a qualitative assessment and critical overview Authors: Alonso, W.J & Schuck-Paim, C (2009) Study Background The possibility of a human catastrophe produced by a novel, virulent and human-transmissible influenza strain introduced from wild and domestic animals is considered a plausible modern threat by renowned influenza experts. Methods We examined the governmental websites from 10 countries with North America, South America, Europe, Oceania, Africa and Asia being represented in our sample, with 6 out of the 10 countries representing industrialized nations, and the sum of these 10 countries’ populations representing approximately 30% of the world population. We tabulated the existence of specific recommendations addressing the following aspects: how to prevent and reduce transmission of a respiratory disease, how to prepare for treating infected patients at home, how businesses should prepare, how to help the most vulnerable individuals of the neighbourhood and how to prepare for home isolation Results In the current study, focused on the preparedness guidelines issued to the population by 10 countries, we found that, while many positive recommendations were provided, the set of recommendations issued by most countries was not comprehensive enough for severe influenza scenarios. Moreover, as we discussed along with the exposition of the results, some of the recommendations provided have proven to be inadequate to reduce transmission and enable an efficient allocation of limited resources to attend the most in need. Conclusions A global initiative is required focussing on opportunities for slowing down transmission in a cost effective way by providing clear, comprehensive and sound guidelines to the public. Text 4 Guidelines for Business Encourage good personal hygiene practice Plan for staff absences based on personal infection and support for family members who may be infected Decide if your business will stay open during the pandemic Have contingency plans in place Be prepared for financial losses Consider ways of offering community support • •

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Task 5 Influenza Answer Sheet 1. wild and domestic 2. influenza strain 3. a threat 4. is encouraged/ suggested/recommended (change of word order) 5. free 6. underlying chronic conditions 7. obesity (change adjective to noun) 8. can prevent/prevents/stops 9. thousands of hospitalisations 10.the northern hemisphere 11.Alonso (W.J) 12.Schuck-Paim (C) 13.the government websites 14.10 15.washing hands 16.infected individuals 17.eyes and mouth 18.young individuals 19.water 20.financial losses 21.personal hygiene practice 22.staff absences 23.stay open 24.community support 25.a global initiative 26.cost effective 27.the public


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Part A

Answer key

Text 1 Category

Specific Recommendation

Reducing Transmission to others

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Isolation at home of (16)infected individuals Treatment of patient at home (mild symptoms) Call before visiting doctor Coughing etiquette Call before visiting doctor

Prevention measures

3. Not to touch (17)eyes and mouth 4. (15)Washing hands

Number of countries adopting it 6. 8 7. 6 8. 3 9. 10 10. 3 3. 7 4. 10

Treating patients at home

5. Antiviral without need to visit doctor 5. 5 6. Regular (19)water consumption 6. 4 7. 4 7. How to treat fever 8. 4 8. Avoid aspirin for (18)young individuals Preparation for 5. Store water 5. 2 home isolation 6. Store food 6. 2 7. 2 7. Store medicine 8. 1 8. Store masks Table 1: Official preparedness recommendations & guidelines provided by government sources in 10 countries.

Text 2 Australian Government Announcement H1N1 Vaccine now available (18 January 2010) H1N1 influenza remains (3)a threat and all Australians are (4)encouraged to get vaccinated to protect both themselves and those who are vulnerable in the community. There is clear evidence of serious or fatal health complications for some people who catch this flu. As with all flu viruses, H1N1 influenza spreads easily from person to person. By getting vaccinated you not only protect yourself but (8)can prevent this flu spreading. In (10)the northern hemisphere pandemic influenza arrived in autumn, earlier than seasonal influenza and it has caused (9)thousands of hospitalisations as well as some deaths. All people can receive the (5)free vaccine but some people are at higher risk of suffering serious complications from H1N1 Influenza. Vaccination is strongly recommended for pregnant women, people with (6)underlying chronic conditions, indigenous Australians, people who are severely (7)obese (obesity) and young children.

Text 3 Title: Public preparedness guidance for a severe influenza pandemic in different countries: a qualitative assessment and critical overview Authors: (11) Alonso, W.J & (12) Schuck-Paim, C (2009) Study Background This resource was developed by OET Online 6 Website: http://oetonline.com.au Email: [email protected]

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The possibility of a human catastrophe produced by a novel, virulent and human-transmissible (2)influenza strain introduced from (1)wild and domestic animals is considered a plausible modern threat by renowned influenza experts. Methods We examined (13)the governmental websites from (14)10 countries with North America, South America, Europe, Oceania, Africa and Asia being represented in our sample, with 6 out of the 10 countries representing industrialized nations, and the sum of these 10 countries’ populations representing approximately 30% of the world population. We tabulated the existence of specific recommendations addressing the following aspects: how to prevent and reduce transmission of a respiratory disease, how to prepare for treating infected patients at home, how businesses should prepare, how to help the most vulnerable individuals of the neighbourhood and how to prepare for home isolation Results In the current study, focused on the preparedness guidelines issued to the population by 10 countries, we found that, while many positive recommendations were provided, the set of recommendations issued by most countries was not comprehensive enough for severe influenza scenarios. Moreover, as we discussed along with the exposition of the results, some of the recommendations provided have proven to be inadequate to reduce transmission and enable an efficient allocation of limited resources to attend the most in need. Conclusions (25)A global initiative is required focussing on opportunities for slowing down transmission in a (26)cost effective way by providing clear, comprehensive and sound guidelines to (27)the public.

Text 4 Guidelines for Businesses Encourage good (21)personal hygiene practice Plan for (22)staff absences based on personal infection and support for family members who may be infected Decide if your business will (23)stay open during the pandemic Have contingency plans in place Be prepared for (20)financial losses Consider ways of offering (24)community support • •

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Part a Reading Task 5 Influenza

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