Multiple Choice Questions - CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER 1. Which of the following stateents !oes not !esc"i#e a p"ope"t$ o" cha"acte"istic cha"a cte"istic of glucose. a% &lucose is an al!oheptose. #% &lucose has two enantioe"s' (-&lucose an! )-&lucose. c% &lucose is the ost coon natu"all$ occu""ing onosaccha"i!e in natu"e. !% &lucose is sto"e! in the #o!$ as gl$cogen.
*. Al!oses a"e suga"s+ a% ha,ing an al!eh$!e functional g"oup. #% ha,ing onl$ si ca"#on atos pe" olecule. c% which alwa$s gi,e a positi,e ene!ict/s test as well as a positi,e Tollen/s Tollen/s test. !% which fo" the pol$saccha"i!e gl$cogen.
0. "uctose is+ a% an al!opentose suga". #% a non "e!ucing suga". s uga". c% a onosaccha"i!e of lactose. !% also 2nown as le,ulose.
3. The con!ensation of galactose an! glucose p"o!uces the !isaccha"i!e+ a% suc"ose #% !et"ose c% lactose !% altose
4. Which of the following stateents is not t"ue' in gene"al' a#out ca"#oh$!"ates5 a% The$ a"e a!e up of onl$ ca"#on' h$!"ogen an! o$gen atos. #% Thei" o$gen to h$!"ogen "atio of a#out *+*. c% Thei" solu#ilit$ in wate" is a "esult of the an$ h$!"o$l g"oups !ispe"se! th"ough out the olecule. !% The$ can #e classifie! eithe" acco"!ing to thei" length o" functional g"oup.
6. Which of the following cha"acte"istics of chi"alit$ is not t"ue5 a% The ca"#on ato is single #on!e! to fou" !iffe"ent atos o" g"oups of atos. #% The chi"al ca"#on ato is sai! s ai! to #e unsatu"ate!. c% Chi"al olecules ha,e opticall$ acti,e isoe"s. !% Chi"al olecules ha,e two enantioe"s.
7. A copoun! whose olecula" st"uctu"e "otates pola"i8e! light counte"cloc2wise+ a% is !esignate! as #eing !et"o"otato"$. !et"o"otato"$. #% alwa$s has two chi"al ca"#on cente"s. c% is !esignate! as #eing le,o"atato"$. le,o"atato"$. !% #elongs to the ost a#un!ant o" natu"all$ occu""ing g"oup of ca"#oh$!"ate enantioe"s.
9. Coo2e! foo!s a"e easie" to !igest #ecause+ a% ca"#oh$!"ates a"e solu#le in wate". #% in!igesti#le pol$saccha"i!es' such as sta"ch an! cellulose ha,e #een copletel$ o" pa"tial h$!"ol$8e! to altose. c% heating !est"o$s the ca"#on$l #on! within these copoun!s. !% the gl$cosi!ic lin2ages ha,e con!ense! p"o!ucing a itu"e of !et"in' altose an! glucose.
:. The sallest unit an$ ca"#oh$!"ate can #e h$!"ol$8e! to is a+
a% onosaccha"i!e #% !isaccha"i!e c% glucose !% heiacetal
1;. The actual "ing st"uctu"e of a ca"#oh$!"ate is not a t"ue "ing shape as is !"awn when using the fo"ulas' #ut "eall$ shoul! #e !"awn in a fo". a% ische" p"o
11. Which of the following stateents does not accu"atel$ cha"acte"i8e o" !esc"i#e enantioe"s+ a% When enantioe"s a"e e=uall$ ie! togethe" the$ #ecoe opticall$ acti,e. #% Enantioe"s a"e copoun!s who ha,e a i""o" iage o" twin-li2e olecula" st"uctu"es. c% >n natu"e' enantioe"s ten! to illicit ,e"$ !iffe"ent "esponses in o"ganiss. !% Enantioe"s ha,e i!entical cheical an! ph$sical p"ope"ties.
1*. &lucose is sto"e! in the #o!$ as+ a% suc"ose #% lactose c% sta"ch !% gl$cogen
10. The !esignations alpha an! #eta in!icates whethe" the on the ca"#on nu#e"e! as ?1 in a onosaccha"i!e is o" the plane of the olecule.
a% ca"#on$l g"oup' within' outsi!e #% chi"al g"oup' a#o,e' within c% h$!"o$l g"oup' #elow' a#o,e !% o$gen ato' #elow' outsi!e
13. The !esignations alpha an! #eta in!icates the position of the #etween two onosaccha"i!es in a . a% h$!"o$l g"oup' co,alent #on! #% o$gen ato' gl$cosi!ic lin2age c% ca"#on$l g"oup' pola" co,alent #on! !% ca"#on ato' #"anche! lin2age
14. To a2e soe sta"ches o"e solu#le' phosphate este" g"oups a"e inse"te! into these st"aight-chain olecules. >nse"ting phosphate este" g"oups . a% !is"upts the olecule/s inte"olecula" fo"ces the"e#$ pe"itting wate" to !ispe"se within the chain o"e effecti,el$. #% changes the cheical coposition of the sta"ches' the"e#$ !ec"easing thei" pola"it$. c% alte"s thei" optical "eacti,it$ an! thus causes thei" solu#ilit$ to inc"ease. !% all of the a#o,e a"e t"ue.
16. The ene!ict/s test is use! to !ete"ine whethe" o" not a ono o" !isaccha"i!e is a+ a% siple suga" #% "e!ucing suga" c% pentose suga" !% pol$h$!"o$l suga"
17. The final p"o!uct p"o!uce! when sta"ch is copletel$ h$!"ol$8e! is+ a% !et"in
#% suc"ose c% glucose !% ca"#on !ioi!e
19. A gl$cosi!ic lin2age is #etween two onosaccha"i!es. a% a pola" co,alent #on! #% is a t"ue co,alent #on! c% a ionic #on! !% is a h$!"ogen #on!
1:. "uctose is also 2nown as le,ulose. This nae suggest that f"uctose ost a#un!ant enantioe"+ a% "otates pola"i8e light cloc2wise. #% "otates pola"i8e! light counte"cloc2wise. c% is an al!opentose suga". !% is a 2etoheptose suga".
*;. The "eactions of photos$nthesis+ a% p"o!uce ca"#on !ioi!e an! glucose. #% can #e classifie! into two catego"ies - light an! !a"2. c% all "e=ui"e "a!iant ene"g$ to p"ocee!. !% all ta2e place in the plant/s itochon!"ia.
*1. The"e is a@n% "elationship #etween the nu#e" of unsatu"ate! #on!s in a fatt$ aci! an! thei" elting point. As the !eg"ee of unsatu"ation in the fatt$ aci!/s ca"#on chain' its elting point will . a% !i"ect' !ec"eases' also !ec"ease #% !i"ect' inc"eases' also inc"ease
c% in,e"se' !ec"eases' inc"ease !% in,e"se' inc"eases' !ec"ease
**. Soap ip"o,es the cleansing powe" of wate"' #ecause soap olecules ha,e two po"tions+ a% a h$!"opho#ic tail an! a h$!"ophilic hea! #% a h$!"ophilic tail an! a h$!"opho#ic hea! c% a so!iu salt tail an! a h$potonic hea! !% a potassiu salt tail an! a h$pe"tonic hea!
*0. Which of the following stateents is not true a#out a fat o" oil/s io!ine nu#e" test+ a% >t is a easu"e of the !eg"ee of unsatu"ation in a fat o" oil. #% >t is the aount of io!ine in g"as that will "eact with 1;; g"as of saponifia#le lipi!. c% >t is an io!inationa!!ition cheical "eaction. !% The la"ge" the ,alue of the io!ine nu#e" the fewe" the nu#e" of !ou#le #on!s p"esent in the fat o" oil.
*3. Oils can #e con,e"te! to soli! fats #$+ a% halogenation #% h$!"ogenation c% h$!"ation !% h$!"ol$sis
*4. A =ualitati,e test fo" a fat o" oil is the a% tollen/s test. #% io!inesta"ch test. c% #ene!ict/s test.
!% io!ine nu#e" test. *6. at eta#olis !iseases' such as the Ta$-Sachs !isease' a"e ost often associate! with ha,ing a !eficienc$ in specific en8$es which h$!"ol$8e . >n Ta$-Sachs' the en8$e -galactosi!ase' is issing o" is p"esent in et"ee low =uantities. a% phospholipi!s #% choleste"ol c% gl$colipi!s !% t"igl$ce"i!es
*7. &l$ce"ol is an alcohol which can #e classifie! as t"iol. T"iols a"e alcohols which ha,e+ a% t"iple #on!s within the olecule. #% th"ee ca"#on atos in the olecule. c% th"ee h$!"o$l g"oups !ispe"se! th"oughout the olecule. !% th"ee ca"#on$l g"oups g"oup within the olecule/s ca"#on chain.
*9. A fatt$ aci! that contains a itu"e of single an! !ou#le #on!s is sai! to #e+ a% unsatu"ate!. #% satu"ate!. c% nonsaponifia#le. !% saponifia#le.
*:. T"igl$ce"i!es a"e gl$ce"ols which ha,e ha! of thei" h$!"o$l g"oups este"ifie! with fatt$ aci!s. a% none #% one c% two !% all
0;. att$ aci!s a"e long chaine!+ a% ine"al aci!s. #% ca"#o$lic aci!s. c% phospho"ic aci!s. !% wea2 aci!s.
01. The #on! #etween a gl$ce"ol olecule an! a fatt$ aci! in a lipi! is calle! a+ a% gl$ce"i!e #on! #% h$!"ogen #on! c% este" #on! !% gl$cosi!ic #on!
0*. Choleste"ol is s$nthesi8e! f"o the copoun! . a% acet$l coen8$e A @acet$l-CoA% #% choleste"olase c% te"pene !% ste"ol
00. A lipi! is a fat o" oil which can un!e"go h$!"ol$sis in al2aline solutions. When t"igl$ce"i!es un!e"go h$!"ol$sis in an al2aline solution an! the salts of the a"e p"o!uce!. a% nonsaponifia#le' gl$ce"i!e' fatt$ aci!s #% nonsaponifia#le' gl$ce"ol' ac$l fatt$ aci!s c% saponifia#le' gl$ce"ol' fatt$ aci!s !% saponifia#le' gl$ce"i!e' ac$l fatt$ aci!s
03. The "anci!it$ of fats an! oils is cause! eithe" #$ the o" the of the lipi!/s fatt$ aci!s olecules. a% h$!"ation' "e!uction #% h$#"i!i8ation' "efleation c% h$!"ogenation' oi!ation !% h$!"ol$sis' oi!ation
04. The h$!"ogenation of a@n% fatt$ aci! con,e"ts all the #on!s to ' #on!s. a% satu"ate!' !ou#le' satu"ate!' single #% satu"ate!' single' unsatu"ate! !ou#le c% unsatu"ate!' !ou#le' satu"ate!' single !% unsatu"ate!' single' unsatu"ate!' !ou#le
06. Which is not a cha"acte"istic of a lipi!5 a% )ipi!s a"e solu#le onl$ in non pola" sol,ents such as #en8ene #% )ipi!s a"e a !i,e"sifie! g"oup of copoun!s' whose coon cha"acte"istic is that the$ a"e insolu#le in wate". c% )ipi!s a"e high sou"ces of ene"g$ fo" the cell. !% )ipi!s can #e classifie! as eithe" #eing nonsaponifia#le o" saponifia#le.
07. Bnsatu"ate! fatt$ aci!s a"e often g"oupe! #$ the an! of #on!s within the olecule/s ca"#on chain. a% nu#e"' t$pe' single #% nu#e"' placeent' !ou#le c% nu#e"' placeent' single !% nu#e"' t$pe' !ou#le
09. An unsatu"ate! fatt$ aci! gi,en the sho"than! co!e of @13+3n-*% eans this pa"ticula" fatt$ aci! has ca"#on atos' #on!s' with the fi"st !ou#le #on! #eginning at the ca"#on f"o the olecule/s eth$l en!.
a% 13' * single' secon! #% 13' * !ou#le' fou"th c% 13' 3 !ou#le' secon! !% 13' 3 single' fou"th
0:. A siple saponifia#le lipi! !iffe"s f"o a copoun! saponifia#le lipi! #$ the p"o!ucts it $iel!s when it un!e"goes+ a% saponification #% h$!"ol$sis c% h$!"ogenation !% h$!"ation
3;. Which of the following cheical su#stances can not #e classifie! as a lipi!5 a% #eef tallow #% linsee! oil c% lanolin !% a$lose
31. When !ete"ining the io!ine nu#e" fo" an unsatu"ate! fatt$ aci!' it is the of the olecule that "eacts with the io!ine. a% ca"#o$lic aci! #% h$!"o$l g"oup c% al2ene #on!s !% al2ane #on!s
Questions ?3* th"ough 30 &i,en the following fatt$ aci!+
CH0CH*CHCHCH*CHCHCH*CHCH@CH*%7COOH 3*. The sho"than! fo"ula co!e !esc"i#ing this olecule is+ a% @1*+:n-0% #% @10+0n-0 c% @14+0n-:% !% @19+n-0%
30. An este"ification "eaction with the two oles of the a#o,e fatt$ aci! one ole of gl$ce"ol an! one ole of galactose woul! p"o!uce a+ a% siple lipi! #% nonsaponifia#le lipi! c% gl$colipi! !% ste"ol
Questions ?33 th"ough ?34 att$ aci! la#ele! ?1 has an io!ine nu#e" of 194' whe"eas fatt$ aci! la#ele! ?* has an io!ine nu#e" of 10;. 33. att$ aci! ?1+ a% has a highe" elting point than fatt$ aci! ?* #% has a lowe" elting point than fatt$ aci! ?* c% has the sae elting point as fatt$ aci! ?* !% not enough info"ation gi,en
34. att$ aci! ?*+ a% has a g"eate" !eg"ee of unsatu"ation than fatt$ aci! ?1 #% has a g"eate" !eg"ee of satu"ation than fatt$ aci! ?1 c% has the sae !eg"ee of satu"ation as fatt$ aci! ?1
!% not enough info"ation gi,en
Questions ?36 th"ough ?4; &i,en the following aino aci! an! thei" al2$l @-R% g"oups+ alanine -CH0 aspa"agine -CH* - COOH se"ine -CH* - OH l$sine -@CH*%3 - NH* 36. The aino aci! which woul! #e least solu#le in wate".
37. The aino aci! when un!e"going an oi!ation "eaction woul! $iel! a al!eh$!e g"oup.
39. The aino aci! whose cheical an! ph$sical p"ope"ties a"e ost siila" to ethanaine+
3:. The aino aci! whose p> woul! #e the ost aci!ic.
4;. The aino aci!@s% which when place! in an elect"ic fiel! at a pH of 7 woul! ig"ate towa"!s the positi,e pole.
Questions ?41 th"ough ?44 &i,en the following+ Dhe-Asn-Ala-His 41. The a#o,e aino aci! se=uence in an eaple of a+ a% pepti!e #% !ipepti!e c% t"ipepti!e !% oligopepti!e
4*. >f the a#o,e olecule we"e to #e place! in an elect"ic fiel! a pH of 7 the olecule woul! ost li2el$+
a% ig"ate towa"!s the positi,e pole. #% ig"ate towa"!s the negati,e pole. c% not ig"ate at all. !% not go into solution.
40. The N-te"inal en! of the a#o,e olecule is the aino aci!+ a% Ala #% Dhe c% His !% Asn
43. The a#o,e aino aci! se=uence is an eaple of a p"otein/s+ a% p"ia"$ st"uctu"e #% secon!a"$ st"uctu"e c% te"tia"$ st"uctu"e !% =uate"na"$ st"uctu"e
44. The 8witte"ion st"uctu"e of the a#o,e olecule is+ a% H0N-Dhe-Asn-Ala-His-COOH #% H*N-Dhe-Asn-Ala-His-COOc% H0N-Dhe-Asn-Ala-His-COO!% H*N-Dhe-Asn-Ala-His-COO-
46. &i,en the following aino aci!s an! thei" al2$l @-R% g"oups gl$cine @R g"oup is -H% aspa"tic aci! @R g"oup is -CH*COOH%
se"ine @R g"oup is -CH*OH% l$sine @R g"oup is -@CH*%3NH*% The aino aci! which is opticall$ inacti,e is+ a% gl$cine #% aspa"tic aci! c% se"ine !% l$sine
47. Which of the following is not a cha"acte"istic of a glo#ula" p"otein. a% The$ a"e solu#le in wate". #% Thei" function is p"ia"il$ one of p"otection an! st"uctu"e. c% M$oglo#in is an eaple of a glo#ula" p"otein. !% >ts =uate"na"$ an! te"tia"$ st"uctu"e pla$ an ipo"tant "ole in its functionalit$.
49. Which of the following is not an inte"action o" lin2age o#se",e! in aintaining a p"otein/s te"tia"$ st"uctu"e+ a% !isulfi!e #"i!ges #% h$!"opho#ic inte"actions c% h$!"ogen #on!ing !% ionic #on!ing
4:. The ionic inte"actions #etween l$sine/s aino g"oup an! aspa"tic aci!/s ca"#on$l g"oup "esult in the fo"ations of in a p"otein/s te"tia"$ st"uctu"e. a% h$!"ophilic #"i!ges #% ai!e lin2ages c% salt #"i!ges !% pepti!e lin2ages
6;. The inte"action o" #on!ing ost p"e,alent in a p"otein/s secon!a"$ st"uctu"e is+ a% ai!e lin2age #% !isulfi!e #"i!ges c% salt #"i!ges !% h$!"ogen #on!ing
61. O"ganic "eagents' such as ethanol' ha,e the g"eatest !is"upti,e effect on a p"otein/s nati,e configu"ation #ecause+ a% the$ !is"upt the !isulfi!e #"i!ges #etween c$steine olecules. #% the$ inte"fe"e with the h$!"opho#ic inte"actions #etween the non pola" aino aci! si!e chains. c% the$ !is"upt the h$!"ogen #on!ing an! salt #"i!ges #etween the p"otein/s aino aci!s. !% the$ !is"upt the ai!e lin2ages #etween the in!i,i!ual aino aci!s.
6*. The #on! #etween in!i,i!ual aino aci! olecules is calle! a pepti!e #on!. A pepti!e #on! is a@n% a% este" #on! #% ai!e #on! c% ionic #on! !% aine #on!
60. A p"otein/s te"tia"$ st"uctu"e can #e !esc"i#e! as+ a% its aino aci! se=uence #% the spatial a""angeent of its su#units c% its fol!ing patte"n !% its helical st"uctu"e
63. (enatu"ation is the !is"uption of a p"otein/s te"tia"$ st"uctu"e. Which of the following sol,ents woul! not ha,e !enatu"e a p"otein.
a% ethanol #% acetone c% acetic aci! !% wate"
64. A p"otein is solu#le at its . a% ost' no"al pH #% least' no"al pH c% least' p> !% ost' p>
66. Which of the following is not pa"t of an en8$e olecule. a% coen8$e #% apoen8$e c% p"oen8$e !% cofacto"
67. Which of the following does not !esc"i#e the acti,e site of an en8$e+ a% >t is enantioe" specific. #% Onl$ one acti,e site eists pe" en8$e olecule. c% >t is the a"ea whe"e the su#st"ate an! en8$e inte"act. !% >ts configu"ation o" shape is !ete"ine! #$ the p"otein/s p"ia"$ st"uctu"e.
69. Which of the following stateents is true. a% All en8$atic acti,it$ "e=ui"es the use of cofacto"s.
#% The apoen8$e is a pa"t of all en8$es. c% D"oen8$es a"e acti,e en8$es. !% Holoen8$es a"e inacti,e en8$es.
Questions ?6: th"ough ?70 &i,en the following gene"al classification of en8$es+ oi!ases isoe"ases pepti!ases h$!"olases !eh$!"ogenases este"ases 6:. Ri#onuclease h$!"ol$8es "i#onucleic aci!s. >ts en8$es is pa"t of a class of en8$es 2nown as the FFFFFF 7;. En8$es which catal$8e the "eo,al of h$!"ogen atos f"o a su#st"ate #elong to the _________ g"oup of en8$es. 71. The ai!e lin2ages #etween aino aci! g"oups in a p"otein a"e ,e"$ sta#le an! ine"t f"o changes in pH' sol,ents an! salt concent"ations. These #on!s can #e #"o2en #$ the _________ . 7*. >n o"!e" fo" o$gen to co#ine with a su#st"ate it ust #e acti,ate! #$ this class of en8$es' the _________ 70. o" )-f"uctose to #e use! as a sou"ce of ene"g$' it is soeties con,e"te! to (-glucose. The class of en8$es "esponsi#le fo" the con,e"sion of )-f"uctose to (-glucose woul! #e the ________ 73. When an aino aci!/s functional g"oup at the en8$e/s acti,e site o" a cofacto"' such as i"on' a"e !est"o$e! o" pe"anentl$ alte"e!' the en8$e/s functionalit$ !ecease. This t$pe of en8$e inhi#ition is "efe""e! to as . a% !enatu"ation inhi#ition #% i""e,e"si#le inhi#ition c% "e,e"si#le inhi#ition !% acti,e site inhi#ition
74. inhi#ition of a en8$e/s acti,it$ can "esult f"o eithe" inhi#ition' whe"e an inhi#ito" alte"s the te"tia"$ shape of the en8$e o" inhi#ition' whe"e an inhi#ito" ,ies with the su#st"ate fo" the en8$e/s acti,e site. a% >""e,e"si#le' copetiti,e' noncopetiti,e #% >""e,e"si#le' noncopetiti,e' copetiti,e c% Re,e"si#le' copetiti,e' noncopetiti,e
!% Re,e"si#le' noncopetiti,e' copetiti,e
76. The use of anti#iotics to fight #acte"ia infections an! 4-flu"ou"acil' an antieta#olite use! to !est"o$ cance" cells' #oth wo"2 #$ an en8$e/s acti,it$. a% i""e,e"si#l$ inhi#iting #% !est"o$ing c% "e,e"si#l$ inhi#iting !% !enatu"ali8ing
77. The o" en8$e is inhi#ite! #$ the final o" en! p"o!uct of a ultien8$e step eta#olic p"ocess. This t$pe of en8$e acti,it$ inhi#ition is "efe""e! to as inhi#ition. a% "egulato"$' alloste"ic' fee!#ac2 #% apoen8$e' "egulato"$' noncopetiti,e c% coen8$e' alloste"ic' copetiti,e !% p"oen8$e' su#st"ate-#on!' i""e,e"si#le
79. Which of the following stateents is not t"ue a#out alloste"ic en8$es. a% The$ can #e inhi#ite! #$ the en! p"o!uct of a eta#olic p"ocess the$ initiall$ catal$8e!. #% The$ a"e usuall$ la"ge' cople' high olecula" weight holoen8$es. c% Thei" flei#ilit$ allows the to !eacti,ate an en8$e/s acti,e site' thus a2ing the site o"e o" less "ecepti,e to the su#st"ate. !% The$ ha,e onl$ one site of attachent fo" #oth the su#st"ate an! the "egulato"$ en8$e.
7:. Ho"ones a"e consi!e"e! to #e essenge"s' whe"eas c$clic AMD acts as a essenge". C$clic Ap is acti,ate! onl$ when a ho"one . a% p"oen8$e' int"acellula"' passes th"ough the cell e#"ane an! attaches itself to a "ecepto" site in the cell/s nucleus. #% p"ia"$' secon!a"$' attaches at a specific "ecepto" site on the outsi!e of the cellula" e#"ane.
c% inte"cellula"' int"acellula"' attaches itself to the en8$e/s acti,e site. !% coen8$e' p"oen8$e' passes th"ough the cell e#"ane an! attaches itself to the cell/s int"acellula" "ecepto" site.
9;. Which of the following stateents do not !esc"i#e a cha"acte"istic of a ,itain. a% Gitains nee! to #e suppleente! th"ough !iet #ecause eithe" the #o!$ can not anufactu"e the ,itain o" it can not s$nthesi8e sufficient aounts to p"oote cellula" function' g"owth' "epai" an!o" "ep"o! uction. #% Gitains can #e pola" o" non pola". c% Gitains can act as coen8$es in soe eta#olic "eactions. !% Gitains a"e sall o"ganic o" ino"ganic olecules.
91. The fi"st step in the )oc2 an! e$ theo"$ of en8$e specificit$ can #e illust"ate! #$ the following s$#olic notation+ a% S @su#st"ate%
D @p"o!uct%
#% E @en8$e% D @p"o!uct%
ED @en8$e-p"o!uct cople%
c% E @en8$e% S @su#st"ate%
ES @en8$e-su#st"ate cople%
!% ES @en8$e-su#st"ate cople%
E @en8$e% D @p"o!uct%
9*. >n an en8$atic "eaction' the ES o" en8$e-su#st"ate cople' actuall$ "ep"esents+ a% the acti,ate! cople in a catal$8e! "eaction. #% the p"e"eactant in a catal$8e! "eaction. c% the ene"g$ of acti,ation in a catal$8e! "eaction. !% the alloste"ic en8$e in a catal$8e! "eaction.
90. A noncopetiti,e inhi#ition "eaction can #e s$#olicall$ illust"ate! as+ a% E @en8$e% > @inhi#ito"%
>D @inhi#ito"-p"o!uct cople%
#% E> @en8$e-inhi#ito" cople% D @p"o!uct%
ED @en8$e-p"o!uct cople% > @inhi#ito"%
c% E @en8$e% S @su#st"ate%
@en8$e-su#st"ate cople%
!% ES @en8$e-su#st"ate cople% @inhi#ito"%
ES> @en8$e-su#st"ate-inhi#ito" cople%
93. This ,itain is essential fo" the s$nthesis of p"oth"o#in' a #loo!-clotting agent. a% Gitain #% Gitain C c% Gitain ( !% Gitain
94. A !eficienc$ of this ,itain can "esult in !efecti,e collagen. a% Gitain #% Gitain C c% Gitain ( !% Gitain
96. Which of the following facts is not t"ue a#out acet$l-CoA. a% >t is a two ca"#on olecule. #% >t is a coon constituent in the eta#olis of ca"#oh$!"ates' lipi!s an! p"oteins. c% >t is p"o!uce! f"o the oi!ation of p$"u,ate to acetic aci! an! fo"s an este" lin2age with coen8$e A. !% >t is the initial step of the cit"ic aci! c$cle.
97. The h$!"ol$sis of high ene"g$ copoun!s' such as ATD+ a% p"o!uce twice as uch ene"g$ copa"e! to othe" phosphate #on!s. #% ha,e a positi,e H ,alue. c% "e=ui"e ae"o#ic con!itions.
!% is an en!othe"ic p"ocess.
99. The unusuall$ high aount of potential ene"g$ s to"e! in a olecule of ATD+ a% is !ue to the insta#ilit$ of the olecule. #% "esults f"o the specific spatial a""angeent of the atos in the olecule. c% "esults f"o the olecule ha,ing th"ee o$gen to phospho"ous #on!s. !% all of the a#o,e.
9:. Which is not a cha"acte"istic of #ile. a% ile salts a"e use! to eulsif$ fats in the sall intestines. #% Choleste"ol is a p"ecu"so" fo" #ile salts. c% ile is a itu"e of #ile salts' #ile pigents' phospholipi!s an! choleste"ol. !% #ile is continuousl$ p"o!uce! #$ the li,e" an! sto"e! in the panc"eas.
:;. The en8$e "esponsi#le fo" the !igestion of sta"ch in the outh is+ a% a$lase #% glucosase c% pepti!ase !% ca"#o$lase
:1. >nsulin+ a% is p"o!uce! #$ the alpha cells of the panc"eas. #% ai!s in the passage of glucose into ,a"ious o"gans an! tissues c% is acti,ate! #$ the ho"one glucagon. !% all of the a#o,e.
:*. The en! p"o!ucts of the anae"o#ic stage of cellula" "espi"ation a"e+ a% ca"#on !ioi!e' wate" an! ATD #% acet$l-CoA an! ATD c% lactic aci!' wate" an! ATD !% ca"#on !ioi!e' wate" an! A(D
:0. Which of the following stateents is not t"ue a#out gl$col$sis. a% >t is an ee"genc$ ene"g$-p"o!ucing p"ocess. #% >t is the fi"st stage of cellula" "espi"ation. c% >t occu"s in the c$toplas of a eu2a"$otic cell. !% >ts en! p"o!ucts a"e p$"u,ic aci!' wate" an! * ATD.
:3. Which of the following stateents !oes not !esc "i#e the ae"o#ic stage of cellula" "espi"ation. a% The site of ae"o#ic cellula" "espi"ation is the cell/s itochon!"ia. #% >t occu"s in two in!epen!ent set of eta#olic "eactions' the cit"ic aci! c$cle an! the elect"on t"anspo"t chain. c% A total of 03 ATD olecules a"e p"o!uce! in this stage of cellula" "espi"ation. !% The en! p"o!ucts of the ae"o#ic stage of cellula" "espi"ation a"e wate"' ca"#on !ioi!e an! ATD.
:4. The elect"on t"anspo"t o" "espi"ato"$ chain of the ae"o#ic oi!ation of glucose+ a% p"o!uces the a
:6. The lactic aci! c$cle+ a% is anothe" nae fo" gl$col$sis. #% is an anae"o#ic p"ocess. c% is the final step in gl$col$sis. !% is an ae"o#ic p"ocess.
:7. e"entation is+ a% an ae"o#ic p"ocess #% is a p"ocess which is siila" to the cit"ic aci! c$cle. c% a p"ocess whose en! p"o!ucts a"e in!epen!ent of the o"ganis it is ta2ing place. !% is an anae"o#ic p"ocess.
:9. Which of the following cha"acte"istics !esc"i#es lipi! eta#olis. a% The s$nthesis of lipi!s f"o sto"e! fatt$ aci!s in the #o!$/s a!ipose tissue is calle! lipogenesis. #% A !$naic e=uili#"iu eists #etween the lipi!s flowing in the #loo! st"ea an! the fatt$ aci!s sto"e! in the a!ipose tissue. c% )ipi! eta#olis p"o!uces o"e ene"g$ pe" ass than cellula" "espi"ation. !% All of the a#o,e.
::. The coplete #eta oi!ation of a 16-ca"#on fatt$ aci! woul! $iel! ATD olecules. a% 06 #% 7* c% 113 !% 10;
1;;. etosis+
a% is the eta#olic p"ocess of 2etone #o!ies #eing p"o!uce! f"o ecess acet$l-CoA. #% is whe"e the pH of the #loo! !"ops #ecause of the p"esents of ecess 2etone #o!ies. c% !esc"i#es the no"al ci"culation of 2etone #o!ies in the #loo! st"ea !% is the h$!"ol$sis of acet$l-CoA to acetone
1;1. The ain !ieta"$ sou"ce of nit"ogen is+ a% the eta#olis an! a#so"ption of aino aci!s into the #loo! st"ea #% the oi!ation of u"ea an! its su#se=uent a#so"ption #$ the 2i!ne$s c% the cata#olis an! t"ansaination of niacin !% the oi!ati,e !eaination of aino aci!s an! thei" e,entuall$ a#so"ption into the #loo! st"ea
1;*. B"ea is+ a% the e!ical nae fo" u"ine #% is the coon nae fo" aonia c% is the con,e"te! non toic fo" of aonia !% is the ca"#a$l phosphate of o"nithine
1;0. Aino aci!s a"e s$nthesi8e! f"o othe" f"ee aino aci!s an! also f"o -2eto aci!s #$ . a% oi!ati,e !eaination #% t"ansaination c% t"anslation !% o"nithination
1;3. The fatt$ aci! c$cle "eo,es units pe" c$cle' until the fatt$ aci! has #een copletel$ oi!i8e!. a% one ca"#on
#% one acet$l-CoA c% two ca"#on !% fou" acet$l-CoA
1;4. is the eta#olic pathwa$ that p"epa"es aino aci!s fo" ent"ance into the cit"ic aci! c$cle. a% t"ansaination #% t"ansai!ation c% oi!ati,e phospho"$lation !% oi!ati,e !eaination
1;6. Which of the following is not a cha"acte"istic of #oth RNA an! (NA. a% The #ac2#one fo" each st"an! of (NA an! RNA is copose! of a phosphate g"oup an! a pentose suga" unit. #% Each nucleic aci! has a siila" set of pu"ina #ase pai"s. c% Each nucleic aci! !oes eist as a single st"an!' howe,e"' (NA in its nati,e state is foun! in a !ou#le heli confo"ation. !% oth nucleic aci!s a"e in,ol,e! !i"ectl$ in the t"ansc"iption p"ocess of p"otein s$nthesis.
1;7. a"e the nit"ogen-containing #ases which consist of a !ou#le hete"oc$clic nit"ogen "ing. a% c$tosine #% pu"ines c% u"acil !% p$"ii!ines
1;9. A pol$pepti!e consists of 39 aino aci! "esi!ues. The iniu nu#e" of #ase pai"s in a (NA st"an! nee!e! to co!e fo" this pa"ticula" pol$pepti!e woul! #e+ a% 39
#% *3 c% 16 !% not enough info"ation gi,en
1;:. The o"!e"ing of nucleoti!es in nucleic aci!s is an eaple of its+ a% p"ia"$ st"uctu"e #% secon!a"$ st"uctu"e c% te"tia"$ st"uctu"e !% =uate"na"$ st"uctu"e
11;. (NA/s !ou#le heli confo"ation is an eaple of the nucleic aci!/s+ a% p"ia"$ st"uctu"e #% secon!a"$ st"uctu"e c% te"tia"$ st"uctu"e !% =uate"na"$ st"uctu"e
111. The inte"olecula" fo"ce "esponsi#le fo" nati,e (NA/s !ou#le helical shape is+ a% salt #"i!ges #% !isulfi!e lin2ages c% )on!on fo"ces !% h$!"ogen #on!ing
11*. The "eplication p"ocess of (NA is cont"olle! to assu"e eact copies of (NA !u"ing itosis th"ough . a% i!entical #ase pai"ing #% copleenta"$ #ase pai"ing
c% opposite #ase pai"ing !% !iffe"ential #ase pai"ing
110. Which of the following nit"ogen #ases !o not pa"ticipate !i"ectl$ in t"ansc"iption. a% A!enine #% C$tosine c% th$ine !% u"acil
113. (NA is foun! in a cell/s+ a% c$toplas #% en!oplasic "eticulu c% nucleus !% histones
114. is associate! with ' whe"eas is associate! with . a% RNA' t"anslation' tRNA' t"ansc"iption #% RNA' t"ansc"iption' tRNA' t"anslation c% "RNA' t"anslation' tRNA' t"ansc"iption !% "RNA' t"ansc"iption' hnRNA' t"anslation
116. Which of the following is not in,ol,e! at an$ step !u"ing p"otein s$nthesis. a% (NA #% RNA c% "RNA
!% hnRNA
117. (u"ing t"anslation' attaches itself to the locate! in the cell/s en!oplasic "eticulu. a% hnRNA' "i#osoes #% tRNA' "i#osoes c% "RNA' "i#osoes !% RNA' "i#osoes
119. The is the language of he"e!ita"$ info"ation. a% genoe #% gene"ic co!e c% genetic co!e !% genes
11:. The th"ee nucleoti!e #ase se=uence of is "efe""e! to as the . a% RNA' antico!on #% tRNA' antico!on c% tRNA' co!on !% "RNA' co!on
1*;. &i,en the following po"tion of a (NA st"an!+ CTA&&&CAATT& >ts copleenta"$ !aughte" st"an! woul! ha,e the following #ase pai" se=uence+ a% & A T C C C T T A A C #% & B T C C C T T B B C
c% & A B C C C B B A A C !% C B B T T & C C T A &
1*1. &i,en the following po"tion of a (NA st"an!+ CTA&&&CAATT& The RNA st"an! woul! ha,e the following #ase pai" se=uence+ a% & A T C C C T T A A C #% & B T C C C T T B B C c% & A B C C C B B A A C !% C B B T T & C C T A &
1**. Which of the following stateents is not t"ue. a% E,e"$ aino aci! "esi!ue has its own tRNA. #% >n a co!on' the fi"st two #ase pai"s "eain constant fo" a gi,en aino aci! "esi!ueI it is the thi"! #ase pai" which a$ !iffe". c% All co!ons co!e fo" an aino aci!. !% Co!ons a"e uni,e"sal' the$ !o not change #etween species.
1*0. >n Eu2a"$otic cells' segents within a (NA olecule which do not code fo" an aino aci! a"e "efe""e! to as an! the a"eas within the (NA olecule that do code fo" aino aci!s is calle! . a% int"ons' eons #% antico!ons' int"ons c% co!ons' eons !% eons' int"ons
1*3. The inte"olecula" fo"ce "esponsi#le fo" co!on an! antico!on inte"action is+
