1
ÍNDICE
PORTADA.................................................................................................................1 ÍNDICE......................................................................................................................2 PRÓLOGO................................................................................................................3 I.-
INTRODUCCI INTRODUCCIÓN.... ÓN.......... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ .................4 ...........4
II.-
PROBLEMA. PROBLEMA....... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ .............. ................5 ........5
III.- ANTECEDE ANTECEDENTES. NTES....... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .............6 .......6 IV.IV.- MARCO TEÓRICO.. TEÓRICO........ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ ............ ............. ......................7 ...............7 V.-
DISCUSIÓN. DISCUSIÓN....... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ ............ .................. ..............22 ..22
VI.- CONCLUSIO CONCLUSIONES.. NES........ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............. ............. ............ .................... ................24 ..24 VII.- REFERENCI REFERENCIAS AS BIBLIOGRÁ BIBLIOGRÁFICAS FICAS...... ............. ............. ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ................... ..............26 .26 ANEO................................................................................................................ ....2!
2
PRÓLOGO
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I.- INTRODUCCIÓN
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IV.- MARCO TEÓRICO EL CRÁNEO 4.1 DEFINICIÓN S' #(&(#' *' '" #$%&'( ') *&, :,$+' '" #*'$:( *,&( ')+% ($,( :($ *& #(&0*&+( ' *')() *' ($,& '" &'*$(#$%&'( ", =', )*,''&+' ,$*',, ,0( ", #*," )' ,"(0, '" #'$'$(8 '" >)#'$(#$%&'( '" ')*'"'+( ' ", #,$,8. L() *')() '" &'*$(#$%&'( ')+%& '&),",() '&+$' )@ '>,&+' )*+*$,) =)',)/ "( *' :$(:($#>(&, *& $'#':+%#*"( )';*$( :,$, '" #'$'$(. L, )*:'$>#>' '" #$%&'( ')+% #*>'$+, :($ *& '&+$,,( ' :'*'() H)#*"() *' :$(*#'& "() (>>'&+() ' ", ,&@*", +(, ", ,$>', ' ':$')>(&') #,$,#+'$@)+>#,) '" $()+$(. 1
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V.- DISCUSIÓN E" #$%&'( >)+( ')' ", &($, $(&+," ')+% #(&)+>+*>( :($ )>'+' $';>(&') ,&,+((#"@&>#,) $(&+,"/ =$>+,)/ ", :($#>=& =)', ",+'$," , ", ,'$+*$, &,),"/ ", :($#>=& =)', ,&+'$>($ ' ", ,'$+*$, &,),"/ $';>=& ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ $';>=& ,",$ $';>=& ,>",$ >&'$>($. E& ", &($, $(&+," )' :*''& ,:$'#>,$ *')() #,>,'). L() *')() )(& '" $(&+,"/ '+(>')/ *')() :$(:>() ' ", &,$>/ ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ ,",$ ( #>;(%+>#(/ #($&'+' >&'$>($ '+(>')9 ",) #,>,') )(& ",) (),) &,),"') ",) =$>+,). L,) (),) &,),"') ')+%& ">>+,,) '+'$>($'&+' :($ "() *')() :$(:>() ' ", &,$> '" ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ '& )* >&+'$>($ )' :*'' ,:$'#>,$ '" #($&'+' >&'$>($ ($,&( :,$+' ' )* :,$' ",+'$," '" '+(>') ($,&( :,$+' '" +,>*' &,),"9 ",) =$>+,) ')+%& ">>+,,) '+'$>($'&+' :($ '" $(&+,"/ '" ,",$ '" ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ '& )* >&+'$>($ )' :*'' ,:$'#>,$ '" *')( ')'&(>'). E& ", ':"($,#>=& #"@&>#, :('() :,":,$ '& ", >)>=& $(&+," ' *& :,#>'&+' '" *')( $(&+,"/ ,",$/ :$(:>() ' ", &,$>/ ,>",$ )*:'$>($ ,>",$ >&'$>($. E& ", &($, ",+'$," '" #$%&'( :('() >)+>&;*>$ () ;$,&') $';>(&') ,&,+((#"@&>#,) *' )(& '" &'*$(#$%&'( ( *')() ' :$(+'##>=& '" '<,"( '" '):",#&(#$%&'( ( *')() ' ", #,$,. L() *')() '" &'*$(#$%&'( *' )' ()'$,& '& ", &($, ",+'$," )(& '" $(&+,"/ :,$>'+,"/ ')'&(>')/ +':($," (##>:>+,"9 "() *')() ' ", #,$, *' )' ,:$'#>,& )(& '" $(&+,"/ *')() &,),"') ( :$(:>() ' ", &,$>/ ",;$>,"/ '+(>') ')+() () *')() )' ,:$'#>,& :($*' '" ($' ",+'$," ' ", =$>+, ') %) :()+'$>($ *' '" '>," :'$>+' >)*,">,$ ", :,$' '>," ' ", >), (&' ')+%& )>+*,()8/ ,",$ ( #>;(%+>#(/ ,>",$ )*:'$>($ ,>",$ >&'$>($. E& ", &($, ",+'$," '" #$%&'( )' :*'' ,:$'#>,$ *&, (), *' )' )>+H, '&+$' '" *')( ')'&(>')/ +':($," ,",$/ '&(>&,, (), +':($,". C"@&>#,'&+' '& ", ':"($,#>=& ",+'$," ' *& :,#>'&+' :('() :,":,$ "() $';>(&')
22
)*:'$>#>,"') ' "() *')() :$(:>()/ '" ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ '" ,>",$ >&'$>($/ '" ,",$/ '" $(&+,"/ '" :,$>'+,"/ '" +':($," '" (##>:>+,". E& ", &($, (##>:>+," )' >)+>&;*' ", :,$+' :()+'$>($ '" *')( (##>:>+," )* *&>=& #(& "() *')() :,$>'+,"') +':($,"'). L, :,$+' :()+'$>($ ' ", #,', =)', ') :,":,"' ,)+, (&' #(>'&, ", >&)'$#>=& '& '" (##>:>+," ' "() H)#*"() ' ", &*#,. E& ", &($, )*:'$>($ ( #,"(+, #$,&'," )' ()'$, '" *')( $(&+,"/ "() :,$>'+,"') '" (##>:>+," ') :,":,"' '& +(, )* )*:'$>#>' '+'$&,. E& ", &($, >&'$>($ ( ,)' '" #$%&'( :('() >)+>&;*>$ () #,$,)/ ", #,$, '(#$,&'," ", #,$, '&(#$,&',". L, #,$, '(#$,&'," )' >>' '& +$') :($#>(&') '&(>&,,) ,&+'$>($/ '>, :()+'$>($. L, :($#>=& ,&+'$>($ )' '*'&+$, :($ '",&+' ' ", "@&', >#>;(%+>#, '&+$' ", )*:'$>#>' %) ,, '" '&(>&,( ,$#( #>;(%+>#(8 / ", :($#>=& '>, )' '*'&+$, '&+$' ", "@&', >#>;(%+>#, ", "@&', >,)+(>', "@&', *' :,), :($ ",) () ,:=>)>) ,)+(>')8 ", :($#>=& :()+'$>($ )' '*'&+$, :($ '+$%) ' ", "@&', >,)+(>',. P($ (+>() (#'&+') '& ", :($#>=& ,&+'$>($ ' ", #,$, '(#$,&'," )' >"*' '" #(:"'0( =)'( '" :,",,$. E& ", #,$, '(#$,&'," :('() ()'$,$ '" ,>",$ )*:'$>($/ :,",+>&(/ ='$/ ')'&(>')/ +':($,"/ ,",$ (##>:>+,". L, #,$, '&(#$,&'," ' ", ,)' '" #$%&'( :$')'&+, +$') (),) *' )' #($$'):(&'& #(& ",) ')+$*#+*$,) #'$'$,"') #'$''"(),) *' )' )>+H,& )($' '"",). L, (), #$,&'," ,&+'$>($ ') (&' )' )>+H, '" "=*"( $(&+," '" #'$'$(/ ", (), #$,&'," '>, #($$'):(&' ," "=*"( +':($," ", (), #$,&'," :()+'$>($ #($$'):(&' ," "=*"( (##>:>+," ," #'$''"(. L() *')() *' :('() >)*,">,$ '& ", #,$, '&(#$,&'," ' ", ,)' '" #$%&'( )(& '" $(&+,"/ '+(>')/ ')'&(>')/ +':($," (##>:>+,".
23
VI.- CONCLUSIONES
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
24
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
25
VII.- BIBLIOGRAFÍA
1. 2. 3. 4.
D( . D>##>(&,$>( <>#( >"*)+$,(. M,$> E. M,$%&9 2JJ1. F*$>= M. B>("(;@, *,&,. B,$#'"(&, '. E##>$9 2JJ5. L,&;,/ . E$>("(;@, <>#,. M<>#( '. P,&,'$>#,&,9 1!76. M(($' . F*&,'&+() ' ,&,+(@, *,&, #(& ($>'&+,#>=& #"@&>#,. M,$>
'. P,&,'$>#,&,9 2JJ3. 5. S((++, M. A+",) ,&,+(@, *,&,. B,$#'"(&, '.T($,9 1!76. 6. S:,"+'(" . A+",) ,&,+(@, *,&,. B,$#'"(&, '.L,($9 1!7?. 7. F"($') ' S,$&,+ L. A,') '& #$,&'()>&()+()>). R' M' N'*$(#> 2JJ39 428 63-74. ?. ,,&> / R,;*'''$. C$,&'(. A'$>#,& F,>" P>)#>&, 2JJ4 1-!. !. G('&'#', FG/ ('"@& RT. C$,&'(. >)+($>,/ '+>(:,+(;'&>,/ #",)>>#,#>=&. C*, ():>+," P'>%+$>#( D(#'&+' *,& M. M%$*'/ :. 1-24 C(&)*"+,( '& &'*$(#!!.)".#*+'+ #$,&'()>&()+()>).+8. 1J. ,""'& . M,+'$&," )(>&; ,& #$,&'()&()+()>). T'$,+("(; 1!!!9 146-5J. 11. S>&;'$ S/ B(' C/ S(*+,"" P/ G("",++ . C$,&'()/ A*)+$,">,/1!?J-1!!4 A :(:*",+>(& ,)' )+*. A M' G'&'+ 1!!!9 ?3 3?2-7. 12.B$,"' CM/ A"'$,& BW/ W>"">,) MA/ C'#(, / F'$&,# S/ G$''&' C/ B>;'"( PL/ R'> S. O)'( S)+'. E:>'>("(; 1!!59 6 3J6-1J. 13.R''*>) / (&'>& MA/ S, GM/ R(>++> PA. O)'( S)+'/ C,">($&>,/ G'($;>, ,& I(,/ 1!!3-1!!7. P'>,+$>#) 2JJ39 11158 1163-6. 14.S'+ RD/ I),&,$ B. B(&') ( *,&. C(&)*"+,(
'&
++:.''>#>&'.#( &'*$(+(:>#?J.+8.
26
ANE=O
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ANE=O N> 1 EL CRÁNEO
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