UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES BAGIUO COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
MODULE (SKELETAL SYSTEM: PARTS, FUNCTIONS and HEALTH)
Presented by VIZ, Jerick A. CANTILLO, Mickel G. CARLIN, Angela Beatrice CABANELA, Pamela MARQUEZ, Rica
I. Subject Matter Skeletal System: Parts, Functions and Health II. Goals and Objectives At the end of the module, the student must be able to: 1. Describe the terminologies concerning Skeletal System and its parts. 2. Appreciate the importance of the skeleton to humans specially the functions it performs. 3. Learn how to take good care of bones and how to make it healthy. III. Procedure and Methodology 1. Motivation
Figure 1 a. Analogy of house framework and human body - House cannot be built without foundation since it provides strength and let it stand over time. Similarly, if we don’t have bones, we cannot stand, move, walk or even sit, instead, we are nothing but a jelly matter doing nothing but giggle with the flow. b. Exercise - This involves making the student stand in the classroom and to jump, walk and sit so as to show how Skeletal System help them do simple exercises. 2. Lesson Proper a. What is skeletal system?
The skeletal system is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of the bones which make up the skeleton, the joints between the bones, and the connective tissues.
b. What are the parts of the skeletal system? i. Axial skeleton- skull, spinal column ii. Appendicular skeleton – limbs and girdle iii. Bones come in four basic shapes: long, flat, short and irregular iv. There are 206 bones in the human body c. How does the skeletal system help us? i. Support - Its primary role is for supporting the body. The hardness of the bones helps us stand up straight provides and where certain internal organs are attached. ii. Protection – Another primary role of the skeletal system is to protect the internal organs in our body. The skull in our head protects the brain from external damage. The ribs protect the heart, lungs, kidneys, and liver. The spinal column protects the spinal cord. iii. Movement – all the bones inside our body are connected to muscles. These muscles connect bone to another bone. When these muscles contract and expand, it produces movement to the bones where they are attached to. iv. Storage – bones are also used by the body as storage for minerals and fats. Minerals, such as calcium and phosphorous, are stored in the bones v. Red blood cell formation – the bone marrow found in the internal part of the bones are responsible for producing red blood cells. d. How to keep the bones healthy?
Figure 2 Calcium is what makes the bones hard. Calcium can be obtained from drinking milk and calcium rich foods.
Figure 3 Daily exercise improves the strength of our muscles which greatly helps the bones do their functions 3. Application or reinforcing Activity Assembling the skeletal system This activity helps the students to identify the parts if the skeletal system. This activity also helps the mentors to review the functions of each part of the skeletal system. Instructions In this activity, the students are divided into groups of three or four, and are given a part of the bone. A printed outline of the skeletal system is used and is cut off before they are given to the students. To engage the students on the activity, the spinal column will be the placed on the board. A representative from the group is called and is asked to put it the part they are holding on the board. Parts of the skeletal System to be used in the activity Bones of the Foot: Ankles, Toes Bones in the Legs: Shin bones Knee cap Thigh bone Bones of the Hip: The pelvis The backbone (spine) or vertebral column The Ribs (24 ribs in 12 pairs) The Shoulders: Shoulder blade and Collar bone, Upper arm, and Lower arm Bones of the Hands: Wrists, Palms, Fingers, and Thumbs The Bones of the Skull & Face: Skull, Upper Jaw, Lower Jaw 4. Evaluation
To evaluate the understanding of the students, the class will be divided into groups of three or four. These groups can the the same grouping as the previous activity. In this activity 1. The _________ system is the internal framework of the body. Skeletal 2. What mineral makes the bones hard? Calcuim 3. How many bones are there in the human body? 206 4-7. Give four functions of the skeletal system Support Protection Movement Storage Red Blood Cell Production 8-10. Name three bones from the Skeletal System 5. Closure Summarize what had been discussed and emphasize the significance of Skeletal System IV. Follow up Assignment / Homework Write a one paragraph essay about the importance of bones to your daily life V. Instructional Material Aids Charts, printed skeletal parts, manila paper, markers, tape, and colored papers VI. Reference Haxton, Jason. Grade 3: The Skeletal System. http://www.healerwithin.org/. 11/23/13 Figure 1 https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=471041443008469&set=a.138853472893936.27203.1388465 79561292&type=1&theater Figure 2 https://milknotjails.wordpress.com/shop/ Figure 3 http://www.thumpermassager.com/blog/exercise-good-medicines-541/
