Kursus LMCP 1602
Merangsang Pendidikan Kanak-kanak semenjak lahir
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Kandungan Cara memberikan rangsangan
1
1. Rangsangan semenjak Lahir hingga 6 bulan
2
1.1 Rangsangan Bahasa 1.2 Rangsangan kognitif atau pengetahuan 1.3 Hafalan Qur’an 1.4 Solat 1.5 Psikomotor (Pergerakan)
3 4 5 6 7
2. Rangsangan ketika umur 6 hingga 12 bulan
8
3. Rangsangan ketika umur 12 hingga 18 bulan
11
4. Rangsangan ketika umur 18 hingga 36 bulan
14
4.1 Belajar Membaca 4.2 Belajar Matematik 4.3 Mengenali Bentuk-bentuk Geometrik 4.4 Mendidik Kreativiti 4.5 Hakikat masa, jarak, berat, isipadu, tebal ….. 4.6 Pendidikan jasmani 4.7 Berdikari 4.8 Solat
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 20
5. Rangsangan Ketika Umur 3 hingga 6 tahun
21
5.1 Budi Bahasa 5.2 Membaca 5.3 Matematik dalam koteks 5.4 Sains 5.5 Bahasa Asing 5.6 Hafalan Qur’an 5.7 Geografi 5.8 Sirah Rasulullah saw 5.9 Sejarah dan Pandangan ke Hadapan 5.10 Pergaulan
22 23 24 24 26 27 27 30 30 31
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Cara memberikan rangsangan Selepas bayi yang baru lahir di bawa ke rumah, biasanya ibu bapa dan keluarga sibuk menyediakan keperluan fizikal seperti menyediakan lampin, tempat tidur dan pakaian. Keperluan otak si bayi jarang sekali diberi perhatian yang sewajarnya. Ketika bayi lahir, biasanya ia mempunyai 1,000,000,000,000 sehingga 1,200,000,000,000 sel otak yang selalu disebut sebagai sel neuron. Pada masa ini otak berkembang sangat pesat sehingga menjadi 3 kali ganda dalam setahun, tetapi sel-sel neuron dalam otak bayi mempunyai sangat sedikit dendrite dan synapses. Oleh itu selsel neuron sangat sedikit berhubung di antara satu sama lain. Ketika bayi membesar, dendrite dan synapses tumbuh dengan sangat pesat yang membolehkan sel-sel neuron berhubung antara satu sama lain. Pertumbuhan dendrite dan synapses bertambah pesat apabila bayi banyak mendapat rangsangan. Lebih banyak dendrite dan sysnapses tumbuh, lebih cepat bayi itu belajar dan lebih besar kemampuannya untuk belajar. Ini menunjukkan bagaimana rangsangan-rangsangan melalui pancaindera boleh menyebabkan perubahan fizikal dalam otak dan seterusnya meninggikan taraf kecerdikan kanak-kanak.
Dendrite dan synapses yang merupakan sel-sel otak. Ia akan berkembang dengan cepat dan banyak jika kanak-kanak banyak mendapat rangsangan (Sumber: http://www.wealltest.com/_hosted/crystalmethsolutions/meth_and_the_brain.html )
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
tangan si bayi disarungkan sehingga tapak tangannya tidak dapat merasa benda-benda di sekelilingnya. Apabila dibawa dengan menaiki kereta sorong, ia hanya melihat langit biru. Semua perbuatan ini meminimumkan rangsangan dan seterusnya melambatkan pertumbuhan dendrite dan synapses. Apabila kanak-kanak meningkat kepada 6 tahun, pertumbuhan dendrite dan synapses telah menjadi perlahan dan rangsanganrangsangan tidak lagi memberi kesan yang besar kepada tahap kecerdikan. Sebaliknya bayi yang menerima banyak rangsangan semenjak lahir melalui semua derianya, akan lebih banyak memerhatikan semua benda di sekelilingya dan akan lebih cepat belajar menyelaraskan pergerakan anggota badanya.
1. Rangsangan semenjak Lahir hingga 6 bulan Telah menjadi kebiasaan apabila bayi atau kanak-kanak kecil menangis kita membuat suara ganjil-ganjil, menyanyi atau menunjukkan benda-benda. Selalunya ia akan diam dan memerhatikan apa yang kita tunjukkan. Kadang-kadang apabila ia menangis kita dukung mereka dan merapatkan badannya ke bahu kita. Lazimnya ia berhenti menangis lalu memerhatikan apa sahaja yang dapat dilihat di sekelilingnya. Inilah sifat kanak-kanak yang amat dahagakan rangsangan dan ingin mempelajari apa sahaja yang dapat dilihat dan dipegangnya. Mereka menangis apabila tidak cukup rangsangan. Oleh itu, adalah tugas ibu bapa untuk memberi sebanyak mungkin rangsangan kepada kanak-kanak ini. Di antara rangsangan yang boleh dilakukan untuk menjadikannya pintar ialah: 1. Rangsangan bahasa 2. Rangsangan kognitif 3. Rangsangan hafalan Qur’an 4. Rangsangan sembahyang 5. Rangsagnan psikomotor atau pergerakan
Rangsangan penglihatan untuk bayi
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
1.1
Rangsangan Bahasa
Unit bahasa dalam otak manusia mula terbentuk ketika mereka baru lahir sehingga 6 bulan. Dalam tempoh ini kita perlu banyak berbicara dengan mereka menggunakan Bahasa yang betul dari segi sebutan dan nahu. Jangan sekali-kali menggunakan bahasa dengan sebutan manja dan gaya bahasa yang tidak betul. Jika ada ahli keluarga yang fasih menggunakan bahasa yang lain dari bahasa ibunda, sebaik-baiknya gunakan bahasa tersebut secara berterusan tanpa mencampurkannya dengan bahasa lain. Misalnya jika si bapa boleh berbahasa Inggeris, sebaiknya ia sentiasa menggunakan bahasa inggeris bila bercakap dengan si anak manakala si ibu sentiasa bercakap dalam bahasa Melayu. Jika si atok fasih berbahasa Arab, maka hendaklah ia sentiasa berbicara dalam Bahasa Arab dengan cucunya. Insya Allah si anak akan memiliki tiga unit bahasa dalam otaknya, satu setiap bahasa. Kanak-kanak yang membesar dengan satu bahasa sahaja akan memiliki satu unit bahasa sahaja. Ini menyebabkan ia mengalami kesukaran apabila belajar bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing. Ini adalah keistimewaan yang Allah berikan kepada anak manusia yang perlu kita manfaatkan sepenuhnya. Tiada makhluk lain di muka bumi ini yang mampu mempelajari bahasa melebihi anak manusia. Allah berfirman,
“Dia menciptakan manusia, mengajarnya pandai berbicara” (ar -Rahman (ar -Rahman 3-4)
Belajar berbagai bahasa
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
1.2
Rangsangan kognitif
Selepas Allah swt menciptakan Nabi Adam, Ia mengajarkannya semua nama bendabenda. Kepada malaikat pun Allah tidak mengajarkan nama-nama ini. Ini adalah keistimewaan yang Allah berikan kepada manusia, iaitu kemampuan mengetahui semua benda-benda. Ini adalah kemampuan yang luar biasa. Allah berfirman,
“Dan Ia telah mengajarkan Nabi Adam, akan segala nama benda-benda dan gunanya, kemudian ditunjukkannya kepada malaikat lalu Ia berfirman: "Terangkanlah kepadaKu nama benda-benda ini semuanya jika kamu golongan yang benar. Malaikat itu menjawab: "Maha suci Engkau (Ya Allah)! Kami tidak mempunyai pengetahuan selain dari apa yang Engkau ajarkan kepada kami; sesungguhnya Engkau jualah yang Maha Mengetahui, lagi Maha Bijaksana" (A-Baqarah: 31-32) Nabi Adam tiada ibu bapa, tetapi anak kita ada ibu bapa yang boleh mengajar. Oleh itu ibu bapa perlu mengajarkan bayi mereka sebanyak yang mungkin semua nama dan hakikat benda-benda. Di antara perkara-perkara yang boleh dilakukan ialah: 1. Perkenalkan nama-nama benda yang ada di sekeliling kita, termasuklah namanama anggota badan dengan cara yang sistematik. Misalnya perkenalkan 5 nama benda di bilik tidur, 5 di bilik air ketika mandi dan 5 nama anggota badan selama 3 atau 4 hari. Pada hari kelima, tambah satu benda lain dan buang satu bagi setiap jenis. Pada hari kesembilan lakukan perkara yang sama. 2. Mengenali bentuk dengan menggantungkan benda-benda berlainan bentuk yang berwarna cerah di atas katilnya. Benda-benda ini boleh dibuat sendiri dari kertas. Ia perlu ditukar setiap lima hari untuk memperkenalkan berbagai-bagai bentuk
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
bersiar-siar di luar rumah. Ketika bersiar-siar itu, ceritakan mengenai setiap benda dan perkara yang menarik perhatiannya. 5. Berikan peluang untuk memegang dan menyentuh benda-benda. benda-benda . Orang dewasa bila melihat kain yang cantik akan merasa-rasa kain tersebut dengan dengan jari. Kanak-kanak juga ingin menyentuh semua benda untuk mengetahui hakikatnya. 6. Berikan ia peluang merasa panas dan sejuk dengah mengisi air panas atau sejuk dengan suhu sesuai ke dalam botol. Sentuhkan kepada jari-jarinya sambil menceritakan hakikat haba. 7. Rasakan ke lidahnya rasa manis, masam dan berbagai-bagai rasa makanan sembil menceritakan benda-benda yang dirasanya. Banyak lagi perkara yang boleh dilakukan. Apa yang penting ialah semua derianya hendaklah dirangsang kerana inilah pintu-pintu rangsangan ke dalam otak. Ketika manusia dilahirkan, ia tidak tahu apa-apa, tetapi Allah swt memberikan deria supaya ia dapat belajar. Demikianlah firman Allah,
“Dan Allah mengeluarkan kamu dari perut ibumu dalam keadaan tidak mengetahui sesuatupun, dan Dia memberi kamu pendengaran, penglihatan dan hati, agar kamu bersyukur ”. (An-Nahl: 78) Tugas ibu bapa ialah mensyukuri deria-deria pemberian Allah itu dengan merangsang semua deria itu sebanyak-banyaknya semenjak lahir supaya ia menjadi manusia yang hebat.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Otak kanak-kanak sangat pesat berkembang. berkemban g. Semasa tidurpun ia terus berkembang. berkemban g. Oleh itu bacaaan Qur’an yang dialunkan berulang-ulang kali semasa tidur akan tersimpan dalam otaknya. Apabila kanak-kanak mencapai usia 3 – 5 tahun dan ia telah boleh mem baca Qur’an, ia dengan mudah menghafal ayat-ayat yang dibacanya.
(Sumber gambar: https://www.pinterest.com/p https://ww w.pinterest.com/pin/3510697334240925 in/351069733424092559/ 59/))
1.4
Solat
Solat adalah rukun Islam yang kedua. Oleh itu kanak-kanak semenjak lahir hendaklah
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
itu dipeluk dan dicium untuk memberikan pengalaman indah berkaitan dengan solat. Jika kanak-kanak dijauhkan, dibiarkan menangis atau bahkan dimarahi, kanak-kanak akan mendapat gambaran bahawa solat adalah pengalaman yang tidak menyenangkan dan menyusahkan. Gambaran ini akan tersimpan dalam otaknya sehingga dewasa.
1.5
Psikomotor (Pergerakan)
Kecergasan bergerak amat penting bagi seseorang menjalankan tugasnya, samaada tugasnya untuk menyara keluarga atau tugas beribadah kepada Allah. Lihat sahajalah kecergasan anggota badan yang diperlukan ketika menunaikan haji. Malah lebih hebat lagi kecergasan yang diperlukan bagi menjalankan tugas mempertahankan tanah air. Oleh itu kanak-kanak perlu dilatih semenjak lahir. Apa yang perlu dilakukan dilakukan oleh ibubapa ialah memberikan sebanyak-banya sebanyak-banyak k peluang untuk anaknya bergerak. Apabila bayi mula ingin bergerak, ia boleh ditiarapkan di atas lantai. Ia akan merayap dengan pergerakan bersilang antara kaki dan tangan. Kemudian ia akan merangkak. Merayap dan merangkak adalah sangat penting kerana ia merupakan pergerakan asas bagi pembinaan otak untuk menjalankan kerja-kerja psokomotor yang lebih kompleks. Kanak-kanak yang kurang merayap dan merangkak ketika kecil akan menghadapi masalah psikomotor atau penyelarasan pergerakan apabila dewasa.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Di samping itu kanak-kanak perlu banyak ditimang, diayun, dibuai bahkan dilambung suapaya ia biasa dengan perkarakan yang cepat dan relatif. Lihatlah ada orang yang muntah ketika menaiki bas atau kapal terbang. Ada juga yang tidak berani atau pening apabila menaiki roller coaster . Ini menunjukkan ia tidak biasa mengalami pergerakan yang cepat semasa kecilnya. Semua aktiviti di atas perlu dilaksanakan dengan bersungguh-sungguh tetapi dalam keadaan gembira dan penuh kasih sayang. Tiada paksaan dan tiadatekanan. Aktivitiaktiviti ini amat penting untuk merangsang pertumbuhan otak di bahagaiian bawah, iaitu Medulla Spinalis dan Medulla Oblongata . Oleh itu aktiviti-aktiviti ini perlu dilakukan dengan banyak dan gembira.
2. Rangsangan ketika umur 6 hingga 12 bulan Program bagi umur 0 - 6 bulan seperti yang telah diterangkan hendaklah diteruskan selepas kanak-kanak melebihi 6 bulan. Selepas 6 bulan kanak-kanak telah boleh merayap dan ada juga yang sudah boleh merangkak. Berikan ia peluang sebanyak mungkin untuk merangkak. Kajian menunjukkan merangkak sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan otak. Dr Glenn Doman dalam memulihkan kanak-kanak yang telah paralyse akibat brain injured menghabiskan sebahagian besar masa rawatan dengan menggerakkan kanak-kanak berkenaan seperti bergerak merayap dengan gerakan bersilang kaki dan tangan. Dengan cara ini ditambah lagi dengan rangsanganrangsangan lain melalui deria, kanak-kanak tersebut dapat dipulihkan dan bahkan kecerdikan kanak-kanak itu boleh melebihi kanak-kanak biasa. Ini menunjukkan merayap dan merangkak amat penting. Jangan sekali-kali menggunakan walker kerana kerana akan merencatkan pertumbuhan otak kanak-kanak. Ingat pertumbuhan otak bahagian bawah, Medulla Spinalis dan Medulla Oblongata banyak bergantung dengan rangsangan ketika merayap dan merangkak. Pada peringkat umur ini juga mereka suka mencuba berulang-ulang perkara yang
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Membacakan buku kepada kanak-kanak adalah amat digalakkan. Jangan bimbang mereka tidak faham. Apa yang penting ialah mereka terdedah dengan perkataanperkataan baru dan ayatayat yang mantap. Bukubuku yang dibacakan hendaklah sesuai dengan akidah, keimanan dan ibadah. (Punca: http://myhoneyy.blogspot.m http://myhoneyy.blogspot.my/2015_02_01_archiv y/2015_02_01_archive.html) e.html)
Kanak-kanak juga perlu diperkenalkan kepada sebanyak-banyak benda. Menunjukkan gambar-gambar adalah kaedah yang paling mudah tetapi ia perlu dilakukan dengan sistematik. Misalnya gambar-gambar haiwan berkaki empat sahaja. Kesokan hari gambar-gambar burung sahaja. Keesokan hari gambar-gambar kereta sahaja. Demikianlah seterusnya. Tablet seperti iPad boleh dimanfaatkan. Gambar-gambar boleh juga dilukis atau ditampalkan di atas sekeping kertas keras berukuran 250mm x 250 mm. Gambar-gambar yang besar hendaklah digunakan kerena mata kanak-kanak pada masa itu belum begitu sempurna dan otaknya belum boleh memproses gambargambar yang bercampur baur dan kecil. Sebutkan nama benda yang ditunjukkan dengan jelas.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Contoh gambar (Punca: https://animal4u.wordpress.com/category/dunia-binatang/ )
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Semasa sesi menunjukkan gambar-gambar, ibu bapa dan anak mestilah dalam keadaan gembira. Jangan paksa jika anak tidak mahu. Ia dilakukan seolah-olah sedang bermain-main. Contoh pengajaran boleh dilihat dengan mengimbas QR code di bawah.
3. Rangsangan ketika umur 12 hingga 18 bulan
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
fotosintesis yang boleh menyeimbangkan udara di dunia. Demikian juga jika bertemu dengan sanak saudara, siapa atok, nenek, bapa saudara, pak cik, mak cik, sepupu, kakak, adik dan ipar. Ceritakan umur dan pekerjaan mereka. Apabila pergi ke pasar, ceritakan punca bekalan makanan seperti sayuran yang ditanam oleh petani dan dibawa dengan lori ke pasar, ikan ditangkap oleh nelayan, dikumpulkan oleh peraih dan kemudian dibawa kepasar. Ayam pula ditetaskan telornya dengan menggunakan mesin atau dieramkan oleh induk ayam. Petani membela ayam sehingga sebulan atau dua bulan, disembelih, dibersihkan dan kemudian dijual di pasar.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
4. Rangsangan ketika umur 18 hingga 36 bulan Program sebelum ini yang masih sesuai dan belum membosankan si anak hendaklah diteruskan. Sesuai dengan umurnya, kanak-kanak pada usia 18 hingga 36 bulan memerlukan rangsangan dan pembelajaran yang lebih banyak. Jika ia tidak mendapat rangsangan dan pembelajaran secukupnya, ia akan menjadi bosan dan akan melakukan sesuatu yang mungkin tidak disenangi orang lain.. Rangsangan dan pengalaman pembelajaran pada usia ini boleh diperhebat dengan mengajar perkara-perkara berikut: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Membaca Matematik Mengenali bentuk-bentuk geometri Kreativiti Hakikat masa, jarak, berat, isipadu, tebal Persiapan fizikal Solat
4.1 Belajar Membaca Wahyu pertama dari Allah kepada Rasulullah saw adalah perintah supaya membaca.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
penerangan ringkas oleh Dr Glenn Doman mengenai mengajar kanak-kanak kecil untuk membaca dengan mengimbas QR code di bawah:
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
merika miliki tidak sampai 100 perkataan. Dengan 100 perkataan manusia tidak boleh berkomunikasi dengan berkesan. Jika anda hendak mendengar penerangan ringkas Dr Glenn Doman, gunakan QR code di bawah. Kita akan bincangkan dengan lebih dalam dalam tajuk akan datang.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
melakukan perjalanan hendaklah diceritakan jaraknya dalam kilometer. Dimensi dalam rumah juga boleh diukur bersama si anak sambil memberi tahu ukurannya seperti 4 meter dan 5 meter. Jangan bimbang samaada si anak faham atau tidak. Semua ini akan tersimpan dalam otaknya dan akan dikeluarkan semula dalam waktu persekolahan kelak.
4.6 Pendidikan jasmani Kanak-kanak memerlukan badan yang kuat dan sihat supaya ia boleh berfungsI dengan baik apabila ia dewasa kelak. Rasulullah saw pernah bersabda,
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
membezakan pilot jet pejuang dengan orang biasa ialah ia tidak pening atau muntah bila berpusing dan naik turun dengan cepat. Permainan yang melibatkan pergerakan fizikal yang lasak seperti bermain bola atau naik basikal juga perlu digalakkan.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Jangan dimarahi kerana bising. Imam boleh mengingatkan ibu bapa dengan hormat supaya mendidik anak-anak masing-masing.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Anda juga boleh muat turun slaid yang telah saya gunakan dalam syarahan saya dengan mengimbas QR code di bawah:
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Melayu tinggi walaupun ibu bapanya tidak mengajarkan nahu, gaya Bahasa dan membuat makalah seperti dalam kelas. Rasulullah saw bila berbicara, beliau menggunakan bahasa yang bagus dan
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
5.2 Membaca Jika kanak-kanak diajar membaca semenjak di peringkat awal, pada usia ini ia telah boleh membaca dan gemar membaca. Keadaan ini perlu dimanfaatkan sepenuhnya dengan menyediakan buku-buku yang sesuai yang bertujuan untuk menerangkan
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.