Definitions of Management Management is getting things done through other people. Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the efforts of organizational members and using all available resources to reach organizational goals. A process of directing, guiding, influencing individuals and groups in order to achieve pre-determined goals. g oals. Definitions of Management Koontz & Weihrich – Management is the process of designing and maintaining on environment in which individuals, orking together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims. Terry & Franklin – Management is the distinct process consisting of activities of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the use of human beings b eings and other resources. Definitions of Management Basic resources i.e 6 M’s: Men & Woman Materials Machines Methods Money Markets Definitions of Management F.W Taylor – Management is to forecast, to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and control activities of others. American Management Association – Management is guiding human and physical resources into dynamic organization units which attain their objectives to the satisfaction of those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of attainment on the part of those rendering rende ring service. The Management Process or Functions of Management • •
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As managers, people carry out the managerial manage rial functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. Management applies to every organization, business b usiness or non-business. In business organizations, it applies to managers at all organizational levels. Managing is concerned with productivity, which implies effectiveness and efficiency. The Management Process or Functions of Management Management is the process of getting things done do ne through others. The process is identified in a set of functions performed by managers to accomplish the goals. go als. The functions generally performed by the managers are as follows:Planning Organizing Directing Staffing Controlling The Management Process or Functions of Management Planning: Conceiving of a method beforehand, by which an activity is to be carried out so as to meet an objective. Planning requires decision-making i.e choosing from among alternative future course of action. Planning is setting the targets and objectives to be achieved, devising ways and means to achieve them and selecting the best action to achieve the goal. The Management Process or Functions of Management
Organizing:It is grouping the activities necessary to attain objectives. Whereby managers assign work to the sub-ordinates along ith the necessary authority and responsibility, creating an organization climate and culture, for the purpose of achievement of organizational goals. The Management Process or Functions of Management Directing: Directing is telling people what to do and seeing that they do it to the best of their ability. Thus directing is bringing plans into action by the process of motivation, communication, leadership, supervision and team building of all the organizational members. The Management Process or Functions of Management Staffing: Staffing is a managerial function of hiring people and placing them in the right jobs as per their competence. Hence training them and developing them so that they can strive for the accomplishment of goals of the organization. The Management Process or Functions of Management Controlling: Control is the process that measures current performance and guides it towards some pre-determined goals. Hence the control function lies in checking existing actions against some desired results. Controlling is ensuring that plans have be adhered and in case of any mistakes between the desired and the actual results, it takes necessary action to correct the mistakes. OBJECTIVES After the end of the module you will be able to define :– What is Management? Nature of Management Scope of Management Functions Of Management Role Of Managers HAT IS MANAGEMENT? Management is the process involving planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling human efforts to achieve stated objectives in an organization.
NATURE OF MANAGEMENT Nature of Management The study and application of management techniques in managing the affairs of the organization have changed its nature over the period of time. Various contributions to the field of management have changed its nature. Therefore the nature of management can be described as follow; Multidisciplinary Dynamic nature of principles Relative, not absolute principles Management: Science o r Art Management as Profession Universality of Management MANAGEMENT AS DISCIPLINARY Management is basically multidisciplinary. This implies that, although management has been developed as a separate discipline, it draws knowledge and concepts from various discipline. It draws freely ideas and concepts from psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, ecology etc. Management integrates the ideas and concepts taken from these disciplines and presents newer concepts which can be put into practice for managing the organization. In fact the integration of knowledge of various discipline is the major contribution of management and this integrated discipline is known as management. DYNAMIC NATURE OF PRINCIPLES Principle is a fundamental truth which establish causes and effect relationships of function. Management has framed certain principles on the basis of integration and supported by practical evidences. These principles are flexible in nature and ith the changed in the environment in which an organization exists. Because of the continuous development in the field, many older principles are being changed by new Principles. In fact, there is nothing permanent in the landslide of management.
RELATIVE, NOT ABSOLUTE PRINCIPLE Principles are relative, not absolute and they should be applied according to the need of the organization. Each organization may be different from others. The difference may exits because of time, place, socio-culture factors etc. Ho
individuals working within the same organization may also differ. Thus a particular management should be applied in the light of prevailing conditions. MANAGEMENT: SCIENCE OR ART There is a controversy whether Management is science or art. Management is both science and Art. Management as Science & Management as an art. Management: science and art are both.
MANAGEMENT AS PROFESSION 1 Existence of knowledge: 2 Acquisition of Knowledge 3 Profession Association 4 Ethical Codes 5 Service motive Management as Emerging profession, Profession of Management in India SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT Production Management: Designing the product Location and layout of plant and building Planning and control of factory operations Operation of purchase and storage of materials Repairs and maintenance Inventory cost and quality control Research and development etc. • • • • • • •
SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT Marketing Management: Marketing research to determine the needs and expectation of consumers Planning and developing suitable products Setting appropriate prices Selecting the right channel of distribution, and Promotional activities like advertising and salesmanship to communicate with the customers SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT Financial Management: Selecting the appropriate source of funds Raising the required funds at the right time Administration of earnings Estimating the volume of funds
SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT Personnel Management: : Manpower planning Recruitments Selection Training Appraisal Promotions and transfers Compensation Employee welfare services, and Personnel records and research, etc. MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Planning is the first function which is basically a logical thinking process that decides what needs to be done in order to achieve organization's goals and objectives. It focuses on the broader perspective of the business as well as taking into consideration, the tactical methods to get the desired results. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Organizing is about setting up and maintaining the internal organizational structure in accordance with o bjectives mentioned in planning stage. It also involves assigning tasks to various individuals for the larger goal of organization's missions and objectives. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Staffing is the process of choosing right people for organization. It can be associated with human resource management and involves recruitment, hiring, training and compensating the workforce. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Directing is guiding people in the organization through the means of counseling, instructing, motivating FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Controlling The process of leading and influencing the task related activities of group members or an entire organization 5 M’S OF MANAGEMENT
Money Manpower Material Machinery Methods
ROLE OF MANAGERS Role Functions:Interpersonal Informational Decisional Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management is a Discipline Management as a Group of People
Management as a Process CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management is a Discipline Discipline refers to the field of study have well defined conce pts and principles. Hence how these principles can be applied in managing the organization. CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management as a Group of People We refer to management as a group of people in which we include all those personnel who perform managerial functions in organizations. We talk about relationship between management and labour in an organization. CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management as a Process The Management as a process includes various activities and sub activities. Process can be referred to as flow of information directed towards the achievement of an objective or set of objectives. Hence, in which events and relationships must be seen as dynamic, continuous and flexible way CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management as a Process The total activities of an organization can be divided as operational and managerial. Thus Management can be defined as a process of getting things done through the efforts of others. CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management as a Process Because of the existence of different approaches i.e. Production or efficiency oriented. Decision – oriented. People – oriented. Function – oriented. FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT Organized Activities. Existence of Objectives. Relationship among resources. Working with and through people. Decision – Making. IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT Effective utilization of resources. Development of resources. To incorporate Innovations. Integrating various interest groups. Stability in the society.
