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Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
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KI^BHWCFL @NJHEWCTHU
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Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
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Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
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\h wibh wacu `}}`~wxfcws w` hq}~huu `x~ ahi~wdhow i}}~heciwc`f ifg l~iwcwxgh w` `x~ lxcgh ifg diecocwiw`~ `d wah e`x~uh/ G~ L Ua~cgai~& \h iou` waifb wah Ocn~i~s uwidd ifg wah E`k}xwh~ Ehfwh~ Gh}i~wkhfw iw CCK B`zacb`gh d`~ }~`tcgcfl xu wah diecocwchu ifg cfd~iuw~xewx~h w` }~`ehhg |cwa ifg e`k}ohwh wacu }~`jhew& \h iou` waifb wah e`xfwohuu ~hu}`fghfwu `d wah e`fuxkh~ ifg ~hwico ux~thsu e`fgxewhg ns `x~ l~`x} d`~ wah }x~}`uh `d wacu }~`jhew&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 5
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
HQHEXWCTH UXKKI^S
‑O`th kh/ aiwh kh/ nxw s`x eif fhth~ d`~lhw kh․– Wacu cu hqiewos wah }aco`u`}as |cwa |acea Cfgcif W`niee` E`~}`~iwc`f d`~ishg cfw` wah Cfgcif uiows uit`~chu ki~bhw |cwa cwu ‑F` E`fdxuc`f/ L~hiw E`kncfiwc`f– }`wiw` eac}u n~ifg ‑Ncfl`– `f Ki~ea 97/ >==<& ^claw d~`k if igth~wcuhkhfw eik}iclf waiw lhfh~iwhg ~hu}`fuhu d~`k ‑@fh `d wah nhuw eik}iclfu w` nh do`iwhg cf ~hehfw wckhu– w` ‑\iu waiw hthf if igth~wcuhkhfw)–/ w` wibcfl `f wah `fos fiwc`fi fiwc`fioo }oish~ }oish~ aitcfl aitcfl i gheigh+o gheigh+o`fl `fl ux}~hki ux}~hkies/ es/ cf wah o`|+e`uw o`|+e`uw n~ifghg }`wiw` eac}u eac}u ki~bhw/ ]h}uc E`/ ns wah a`~fu/ Ncfl` |iu x} ilicfuw wah `ggu& Nxw jxuw iu wah th~s \`~og Ex} eik}iclf waiw cw |iu nifbcfl `f !CWE |iu if iuu`eciwh u}`fu`~ d`~ wah E~cebhw \`~og Ex} >==<# w` }~`tcgh cw if cfcwcio wa~xuw cf wah Cfgcif ki~bhwu/ |hfw i|~s/ Ncfl` acw i l~hhf }iwea cf wah Cfgcif ki~bhwu& \cwacf whf k`fwau `d oixfeacfl/ oixfeacfl/ wah |idh~ ufieb n~ifg |hfw `f w` ei}wx~h 94 }h~ ehfw ki~bhw uai~h n~ifghg ufieb ki~bhw& Wah e`k}ifs ohth~ilhg cwu hqcuwcfl gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b ifg hius ieehuu w` wah ux}}os eaicf !di~kh~u#/ w` iwwicf uxea ~i}cg l~`|wa cf uxea i ua`~w wckh& A`|hth~/ 5= k`fwau idwh~ Ncfl`–u oixfea/ D~cw`+Ois e`fwcfxhu w` nh w`} n~ifg cf wacu uhlkhfw& \cwa wah cfe~hiucfl uw~huu `f Ahiowa+E`fuec`xu ufiebu/ ifg oixfea `d Iocti cf Jxfh >==3/ D~cw`+Ois D~cw`+Ois cu wibcfl wah niwwoh cf wacu ^u >/=== e~`~h n~ifghg ufieb ki~bhw w` wah fhqw ohtho& Cf wacu }~`jhew/ |h |cwa wah aho} `d i e`fuxkh~ ux~ths ifg i ~hwicoh~ ~hwicoh~ ux~ths aith ifiosuhg ifiosuhg wah n~ifghg ufieb uhlkhfw ifg ghtcuhg i ki~bhwcfl ki~bhwcfl }oif d`~ Ncfl`/ iu cw uw~cthu w` ei}wx~h 8= }h~ ehfw ki~bhw uai~h ifg hkh~lh iu wah Fxkh~` Xf` }oish~ cf wacu uhlkhfw&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 7
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ 9 IN@XW CWE IFG NCFL@
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 8
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
9&9 In`xw CWE
CWE ockcwhg uwi~whg iu Ck}h~cio W`niee` E`k}ifs cf 939= cf B`obiwi& Cw aiu e`kh i o`fl |is ucfeh wahf& D~`k nhcfl cf w`niee` nxucfhuu CWE aiu hq}ifghg w`gis cf o`w `d gcth~uh dchogu& Cwu nxucfhuu eif nh gctcghg cf 8 kij`~ gctcuc`fu/ tcz& DKEL/ Il~c Nxucfhuu/ A`whou/ Cfd`~kiwc`f Wheaf`o`ls $ ]i}h~n`i~g ifg ]iebilcfl& Ah~h cu n~chd cfuclaw cfw` cwu gcth~ucdchg nxucfhuu w`gis:
9&9 !i# DKEL •
•
Ecli~hwwhu + CWE cu wah ki~bhw ohigh~ cf ecli~hwwhu cf Cfgci& Cw }`}xoi~ n~ifgu i~h Cfuclfci/ Cfgci Bcflu/ Eoiuuce/ L`og Doibh/ Ucob Exw/ Fits Exw/ Uecuu`~u/ Ei}uwif/ Nh~bhohs/ N~cuw`o ifg Doibh& D``gu + CWE,u d`~is cf wacu dchog nhlif cf Ixlxuw >==9 |cwa wah cfw~`gxewc`f `d ,Bcweahfu `d Cfgci, ~higs+w`+hiw Cfgcif l`x~khw gcuahu& Cf >==>/ CWE oixfeahg wah n~ifgu kcfw+` ifg Eifgskif e`fdhewc`fh~s ifg Iiuac~tiig iwwi !|ahiw do`x~#& Cf >==5 CWE–u Uxfdhiuw |iu oixfeahg iu i E`k}ifs cf wah ncuexcwu uhlkhfw& Cf >==> CWE,u hfwh~hg wah diuw l~`|cfl n~ifghg ufiebu eiwhl`~s |cwa Ncfl`)
9&9!n# Ocdhuwsoh ^hwicocfl
CWE hfwh~hg wah Ocdhuwsoh ^hwicocfl nxucfhuu |cwa wah \coou U}`~w cf >=== ifg oiwh~ hq}ifghg cwu ~iflh w` cfeoxgh \coou Eoiuuce d`~kio |hi~ !>==># ifg \coou Eoxn ocdh hthfcfl |hi~ !>==5#& CWE hfwh~hg cfw` wah }`}xoi~ uhlkhfw |cwa cwu khf,u |hi~ n~ifg/ J`af ]oish~u/ cf >==>& 9&9 !e# ]h~u`fio Ei~h
Cf Jxos >==8 CWE cfw~`gxehg Huuhfzi Gc \coou/ if hqeoxucth ~iflh `d dcfh d~il~ifehu ifg niwa $ n`gs ei~h }~`gxewu& Cfczc`/ cu i uclfiwx~h ~iflh waiw e`khu xfgh~ Huuhfzi Gc \coou /|cwa Cfczc` A`kkh d`~ khf ifg Cfczc` Dhkkh |`khf& E`k}ifs oixfeahg ,Dciki Gc \coou,/ i }~hkcxk ~iflh `d Uaik}``u/ Ua`|h~ Lhou ifg U`i}u cf Uh}whknh~/ @ew`nh~ ifg Ghehknh~ >==> ~hu}hewcthos& Wahs iou` aith ,Ux}h~ci, ~iflh `d U`i}u ifg Uaik}``u cf wah kiuu+ki~bhw uhlkhfw ifg Tctho Gh \coou $ Tctho ~iflh `d u`i}u cf wah }~hkcxk ki~bhw& 9&9 !g# Uwiwc`fh~s
CWE hfwh~hg cfw` wacu uhlkhfw ns oixfeacfl Hq}~huuc`fu ~iflh `d l~hhwcflu cf >===& I ocfh `d }~hkcxk ~iflh `d f`whn``bu xfgh~ n~ifg ‟]i}h~b~idw‛ ‟]i}h~b~idw‛ cf >==> ifg i }`}xoi~
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 4
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` ~iflh `d f`whn``bu |iu oixfeahg xfgh~ n~ifg ‟Eoiuukiwh‛ cf >==5& Eoiuukiwh cu Cfgci–u oi~lhuw n~ifg `d f`wh n``bu& Cf >==1/ CWE ~h}`ucwc`fhg wah nxucfhuu iu wah Hgxeiwc`f ifg Uwiwc`fh~s ]~`gxewu Nxucfhuu ifg oixfeahg Cfgci,u dc~uw hftc~`fkhfw d~chfgos }~hkcxk nxucfhuu }i}h~& 9&9!h# Uidhws Kiweahu
CWE ki~bhwu }`}xoi~ uidhws kiweahu n~ifgu ocbh cBf`/ Kiflioghh}/ Ick/ Ick Khli ifg Ick Khw~`& 9&9 !d# Ili~niwwcu CWE,u }`}xoi~ ili~niwwcu n~ifgu cfeoxgh U}~cai ifg Kiflioghh} ie~`uu i ~iflh `d d~il~ifehu ocbh ^`uh/ Jiukcfh/ N`xyxhw/ Uifgio|``g/ Kigax~/ Uikn~ifc ifg Fileaik}i& 9&9!l# Il~c Nxucfhuu •
•
•
Il~c E`kk`gcwchu: Wahs iou` ki~bhw D``g Cfl~hgchfwu/ D``g L~icfu/ Hgcnoh Fxwu/ Ki~cfh ]~`gxewu/ ]~`ehuuhg D~xcwu/ E`ddhh $ U}cehu& h+ Ea`x}io: h+Ea`x}io cfcwciwcth nhlif cf >=== |cwa u`si di~kh~u cf Kigasi ]~ighua& F`| cw hqwhfgu w` 9= uwiwhu e`th~cfl `th~ 7 kcooc`f di~kh~u& CWE,u dc~uw ~x~io kioo/ ea~cuwhfhg ,Ea`x}io Uiili~, |iu cfixlx~iwhg cf Ixlxuw >==7 iw Uha`~h& @f wah ~x~io ~hwico d~`fw/ >7 ,Ea`x}io Uiili~u, i~h f`| `}h~iw`fio cf wah 5 uwiwhu `d Kigasi ]~ighua/ Kiai~iuaw~i ifg Xwwi~ ]~ighua& Ohid W`niee`: CWE cu wah oi~lhuw nxsh~/ }~`ehuu`~ ifg hq}`~wh~ `d ohid w`niee`u cf Cfgci& CWE nxsu fhi~os 8= }h~ ehfw `d ioo ecli~hwwh w`niee` ws}hu l~`|f cf Cfgci& CWE,u L~hhf Ohid ]~`ehuucfl }oifwu iw Eac~ioi ifg Ifi}i~wc cf Ifga~i ]~ighua&
9&9 !a# A`whou
CWE hfwh~hg cfw` wacu dchog cf 93>8& Wahs aith i n~ifgcfl uw~iwhls uw~iwhls ns |acea2 uh~tcehu i~h n~ifghg iu ,CWE @fh,/ ‑W`|h~u–/ ,Hqhexwcth Eoxn, ifg a`whou iu \hoe`k Ah~cwilh/ D`~wxfh a`whou/ Oxqx~s e`oohewc`f& Wahs iou` aith n~ifghg ~huwix~ifwu ocbh Nxbai~i/ Gibuacf $ Gxk}xfbw& CWE+\hoe`kl~`x} f`| aiu if hqeoxucth wch+x} |cwa Uwi~|``g cf n~cflcfl cwu }~hkcxk n~ifg/ wah ,Oxqx~s E`oohewc`f,/ w` Cfgci& 9&9 !c# Cfd`~kiwc`f Wheaf`o`ls
CWE–u Cfd`whea aiu huwinocuahg cwuhod iu i bhs }oish~ cf `ddua`~h `xwu`x~ecfl/ }~`tcgcfl `xwu`x~ehg CW u`oxwc`fu ifg uh~tcehu w` ohigcfl lo`nio exuw`kh~u ie~`uu bhs d`exu th~wceiou + Kifxdiewx~cfl/ NDUC/ WAW ifg Khgci $ Hfwh~wicfkhfw& 9&9 !j# ]i}h~n`i~g ifg ]iebilcfl
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh <
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` •
]i}h~n`i ]i}h~n`i~gu ~gu $ U}hec U}hecioc iocws ws ]i}h~u ]i}h~u:: CWE CWE eiwh~u eiwh~u w` i |cgh |cgh u}hew~x u}hew~xk k `d }iebil }iebilcfl/ cfl/ l~i}ace/ e`kkxfceiwc`f/ |~cwcfl/ }~cfwcfl ifg u}heciows }i}h~ ~hyxc~hkhfwu wa~`xla cwu d`x~ |`~og+eoiuu kcoou cf Cfgci&
•
]iebilcfl: CWE cu wah e`xfw~s,u oi~lhuw e`fth~w`~ `d }i}h~n`i~g cfw` }iebilcfl& Cw e`fth~wu `th~ 8=/=== w`ffhu `d }i}h~ ifg }i}h~n`i~g }h~ iffxk cfw` i ti~chws `d tioxh+igghg }iebilcfl u`oxwc`fu d`~ wah d``g $ nhth~ilh/ }h~u`fio }~`gxewu/ ecli~hwwh/ ocyx`~/ ehooxoi~ }a`fh ifg CW }iebilcfl cfgxuw~chu& Cw aiu iou` hfwh~hg wah Dohqcnohu ifg E`~~xliwhg Ei~w`fu nxucfhuu&
9&> In`xw Ncfl`
Ncfl` cu `fh wah kicf uxeehuu uw`~chu cf Cfgcif ki~bhwcfl `d ~hehfw wckhu& I |hoo e~idwhg n~ifg i~cucfl `f wah niucu `d if hqwhfucth ki~bhw ~huhi~ea d`oo`|hg ns i l~hiw eaiffho w` gcuw~cnxwh cu i ux~h ~hec}h d`~ uxeehuu& Cf shi~ >==
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 1
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ > UCWXIWC@FIO IFIOSUCU
>&9 Uit`x~s Ufiebu Ki~bhw ― Ki~bhw Uxkki~s
Wah uit`x~s ufiebu ki~bhw e`fucuwu `d fxwu $ uhhgu/ }`}e`~f/ }`wiw` eac}u/ }~`ehuuhg ufiebu ifg `wah~ uit`x~s ufiebu& Wah ki~bhw cf Cfgci cu gcth~uh ifg oi~lh |cwa `th~ 9/=== gcddh~hfw ufieb }~`gxewu ifg u`kh 5== ws}hu `d uit`x~chu >&9!i# Ki~bhw Tioxh ifg Ki~bhw T`oxkh
Cf wh~ku `d t`oxkh/ wah uit`x~s ufiebu ki~bhw cf Cfgci aiu l~`|f ns >&3( cf >==1 wah~hns ~hieacf ~hieacfl l i t`oxkh t`oxkh `d 11<&9 11<&9 kcooc` kcooc`f f bco`l~i bco`l~iku& ku& Wah e`k}`xf e`k}`xfg g iffxio iffxio l~`|wa l~`|wa ~iwh `d wah
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 3
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` ki~bhw t`oxkh cf wah }h~c`g >==7+>==1 |iu 5(&Wah tioxh `d wah Cfgcif uit`x~s ki~bhw l~h| ns 7&8( cf >==1 w` ~hiea i tioxh `d '>&> ncooc`f/ |cwa i e`k}`xfghg iffxio ki~bhw l~`|wa ~iwh `d 7&7(gx~cfl wah }h~c`g >==7+>==1& Wacu ki~bhw lhfh~iwhg w`wio ~hthfxhu `d '>&> ncooc`f cf >==1 |ah~h wah ]`wiw` eac}u uiohu }~`thg wah k`uw oxe~iwcth lhfh~iwcfl w`wio ~hthfxhu `d '>=8&1 kcooc`f/ iee`xfwcfl d`~ 3&5( `d wah ki~bhw,u `th~ioo tioxh >&9 !n# Ki~bhw D`~heiuw
Cf >=95/ wah Cfgcif uit`x~s ufiebu ki~bhw cu d`~heiuwhg w` aith i t`oxkh `d 9 ncooc`f bco`l~iku/ if cfe~hiuh `d 95&8( ucfeh >==1 ifg wah e`k}`xfg iffxio l~`|wa ~iwh `d wah ki~bhw t`oxkh cf wah }h~c`g >==1+>=95 cu }~hgcewhg w` nh >&4(& Cf wh~ku `d tioxh/ cf >=95/ wah ki~bhw cu d`~heiuwhg w` aith i tioxh `d '>&4 ncooc`f/ if cfe~hiuh `d 93&8( ucfeh >==1& Wah e`k}`xfg iffxio l~`|wa ~iwh `d wah ki~bhw cf wah }h~c`g >==1+>=95 cu }~hgcewhg w` nh 5&4(& Winoh 99: Cfgci >&9 !e# Ki~bhw Uhlkhfwiwc`f ]`wiw` eac}u lhfh~iwh 3&5( `d ~hthfxhu cf wah Cfgcif uit`x~s ufiebu ki~bhw& Fxwu ifg uhhgu iee`xfw d`~ i dx~wah~ 5&5(/ }~`ehuuhg }~`ehuuhg d``gu =&1=( ifg }`} e`~f =&4=(/ `d wah ki~bhw tioxh ifg wah ~huw 18&3=( cu iee`xfwhg iee`xfwhg d`~ ns wah `wah~ uit`x~s ufiebu eiwhl`~s& Ji}if g`kcfiwhu wah Iuci+]iecdce ufieb ki~bhw/ a`ogcfl i 83&8( uai~h `th~ioo |acoh Cfgci e`fw~`ou `th~ 9>&7=( `d wah w`wio Iuci ]iecdce ufieb ki~bhw uai~h& >&9 !g# Gcuw~cnxwc`f
Wah kicf gcuw~cnxwc`f eaiffho cf wah Cfgcif uit`x~s ufieb ki~bhw cu ei~~chg `xw ns wah cfgh}hfghfw cfgh}hfghfw ~hwicoh~u gcuw~cnxwcfl <9( `d wah w`wio tioxh& E`fthfchfeh E`fthfchfeh uw`~hu i~h ~hu}`fucnoh d`~ if iggcwc`fio 9<&9( `d gcuw~cnxwc`f&
>&> Ki~bhw L~`|wa
Iowa`xla Iowa`xla wah~h aiu nhhf uwhigs ohthou `d l~`|wa cf Cfgcif uit`x~s ufieb cfgxuw~s gx~cfl wah }h~c`g >==7 +>==1/ wah ki~bhw cu hq}hewhg w` uhh u`kh doxewxiwc`fu doxewxiwc`fu ifg u`kh ghehoh~iwc`f ghehoh~iwc`f cf wah ohthou `d l~`|wa nhw|hhf >==1 ifg >=95&Wah Cfgcif uit`x~s ufiebu ki~bhw lhfh~iwhg w`wio ~hthfxhu `d '>&> ncooc`f cf >==1/ ~h}~huhfwcfl ~h}~huhfwcfl i e`k}`xfg iffxio l~`|wa ~iwh !EIL^# `d 7&7( d`~ wah }h~c`g u}iffcfl>==7+>==1& Cf e`k}i~cu`f/ wah Ji}ifhuh ifg Eacfhuh ki~bhwu l~h| |cwa EIL^u `d5&9( ifg 4&3(/ ~hu}hewcthos/ ~hu}hewcthos/ `th~ wah uikh }h~c`g/ w` ~hiea ~hu}hewcth tioxhu `d'9=&4 ncooc`f ifg '>&3 ncooc`f cf >==1& Ki~bhw e`fuxk}wc`f t`oxkhu cfe~hiuhg |cwa i EIL^ `d 5( nhw|hhf >==7+>==1/ >==7+>==1/ w` ~hiea i w`wio `d 11<&9 kcooc`f bco`l~iku bco`l~iku cf >==1& Wah ki~bhw,u ki~bhw,u t`oxkh cu hq}hewhg w` ~cuh w` 9 ncooc`f bco`l~iku bco`l~iku ns wah hfg `d >=95/ ~h}~huhfwcfl ~h}~huhfwcfl i EIL^ `d >&4( d`~ wah>==1+>=95 }h~c`g& Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 9=
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
]`wi ]`wiw` w` eac}u eac}u uiohu uiohu }~`th }~`thg g wah k`uw k`uw oxe~i oxe~iwc wcth th d`~ d`~ wah uit`x uit`x~s ~s ufiebu ufiebu ki~bh ki~bhww cf >== >==1/ 1/ lhfh~iwcfl lhfh~iwcfl w`wio ~hthfxhu `d '>=8&1 kcooc`f/ hyxctiohfw w` 3&5( `d wah ki~bhw,u ki~bhw,u `th~ioo tioxh& Cf e`k}i~cu`f/ uiohu `d fxwu ifg uhhgu lhfh~iwhg lhfh~iwhg ~hthfxhu `d '<5&< kcooc`f kcooc`f cf >==1/ hyxiwcfl w` 5&5( `d wah ki~bhw,u ill~hliwh ~hthfxhu& Wah }h~d`~kifeh `d wah ki~bhw cu d`~heiuw w` ghehoh~iwh/ |cwa if ifwcec}iwhg EIL^ `d 5&4( d`~ wah dcth+shi~ }h~c`g >==1+>=95/ |acea cu hq}hewhg w` g~cth wah ki~bhw w` i tioxh `d '>&4 ncooc`f ns wah hfg `d >=95& E`k}i~iwcthos/ wah Ji}ifhuh ifg Eacfhuh ki~bhwu |coo l~`| |cwa EIL^u `d >&4( ifg 8&8(/ ~hu}hewcthos/ `th~ wah uikh }h~c`g/ w` ~hiea ~hu}hewcth tioxhu `d '9>&9 ncooc`f ifg '5&1 ncooc`f cf >=95&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 99
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 9>
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
>&5 E`k}hwcwc`f:
Wah kij`~ }oish~u cf wah ki~bhw i~h
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 95
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 97
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ 5 U\@W IFIOSUCU @D NCFL@ 5&9 Uw~hflwau •
Oi~lh Gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b
•
Inxfgifw iticoincocws ifg hius ieehuu w` ~i| kiwh~cio
•
Tiuw g`khuwce ki~bhw
•
X~nifcuiwc`f
5&> \hibfhuuhu •
Oieb `d ighyxiwh yxiocws e`fw~`o $ whuwcfl khwa`gu |ahf e`k}i~hg w`} cfwh~fiwc`fio n~ifgu ocbh Oisu `~ ]~cflohu
•
O`| iticoincocws `d ighyxiwh cfd~iuw~xewx~io diecocwchu ifg wheaf`o`ls iu cw cu i fh| hfw~ifw cf wacu uhlkhfw
•
Acla ~hyxc~hkhfw `d |`~bcfl ei}cwio
5&5 @}}`~wxfcwchu •
Hq}ifuc`f `d ex~~hfw ki~bhwu
•
^cucfl cfe`kh ohthou ifg eaiflcfl e`fuxk}wc`f }iwwh~fu
•
Dit`x~inoh ghk`l~i}ace }~`dcoh ifg eaiflcfl ocdhuwsohu
•
Cfwhl~iwc`f `d ghtho`}khfw cf e`fwhk}`~i~s wheaf`o`lchu `ddh~ tiuw ue`}h d`~ ~i}cg ck}~`thkhfw ifg }~`l~huu
5&7 Wa~hiwu
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 98
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` •
E`k}hwcwc`f nhw|hhf fiwc`fio ifg cfwh~fiwc`fio }oish~u
•
E`k}hwcwc`f d~`k xfn~ifghg }oish~u
•
Idd`~gincocws ifg exowx~io }~hdh~hfehu `d d~hua d``g hu}hecioos xfn~ifghg `fhu
•
Acla cfthfw`~s ei~~scfl e`uw
•
Acla wiqiwc`f
•
Acla }iebilcfl e`uw
EAI]WH^ 7 KI^BHWCFL @NJHEWCTHU
• • • • •
W` cfe~hiuh wah n~ifg–u ki~bhw uai~h d~`k 94( w` >8( ifg hthfwxioos w` 8=( W` kibh Ncfl` Ncfl` wah k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg d`~ 7=+8=( `d n~ifghg ufieb e`fuxkh~u W` cfe~hiuh }hfhw~iwc`f cf wah khw~`u ifg ncl ecwchu W` cfe~hiuh }hfhw~iwc`f cf wah ukiooh~ w`|fu ifg ~x~io ki~bhwu W` uxeehuud uxeehuudxoo xoos s wieboh wieboh wah wa~hiw wa~hiw d~`k ‑ahiowa ‑ahiowa+e`f +e`fuec` uec`xu– xu– ti~cifw ti~cifwuu `d e`k}hwc e`k}hwcfl fl n~ifgu
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 94
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ 8 KI^BHW ^HUHI^EA
Wah ki~bhw ~huhi~ea cu niuhg `f w|` ux~thsu e`fgxewhg |acea i~h: 9& E`fu E`fuxk xkh~ h~ Ux~ Ux~th ths s >& ^hwi ^hwico coh~ h~ Ux~ Ux~th ths s 8&9 E`fuxkh~ Ux~ths:
Wacu ux~ths Wacu ux~ths aiu aiu nhhf nhhf e`fgxewh e`fgxewhg g `th~ `th~ i uik} uik}oh oh `d 958 }h`}oh }h`}oh d~`k ie~`uu ie~`uu Cfgci& Cfgci& Wa Wahh eai~iewh~cuwceu `d wah uik}oh i~h iu d`oo`|u& Ghk`l~i}aceu
W`wio fxknh~ `d ~hu}`fghfwu ; 958
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 9<
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
8&9!i# ]~hdh~hfeh d`~ i }i~wcexoi~ }~`gxew Cfwh~fio
Wah ux~ths ~hthiohg waiw wah k`uw ck}`~wifw diew`~ d`~ i e`fuxkh~–u }~hdh~hfeh d`~ i }i~wcexoi~ }i~wcexoi~ n~ifg cu wah fxknh~ `d doit`x~u !ti~cifwu# !ti~cifwu# `f `ddh~ d`~ i }i~wcexoi~ n~ifg `f ufieb& Doit`x~ + Ncfl` ex~~hfwos `ddh~u cwu }`wiw` eac}u cf wah d`oo`|cfl doit`x~u& Kiuioi/ Uiowhg/ W`kiw`/ Eaiwbcoi Fcknx Ieai~/ Wifg``~c ]ifhh~ Wcbbi/ Whgah Khgah ifg Octh \c~hu& Wah fxknh~ `f ti~cifwu `f `ddh~ d`~ Ncfl` cu oi~lh~ waif ifs `wah~ e`k}hwcfl n~ifg cf wah ki~bhw& D~cw`+Ois |cwa wah doit`x~u `d Ikh~ceif Doit`x~/
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 91
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` Eoiuuce Eoiuuce Uiowhg/ Uiowhg/ Wifls Wifls W`kiw`/ W`kiw`/ Eoiuuce Eoiuuce Uiowhg/ Uiowhg/ Eaiw Uw~hhw Uw~hhw aiu ohuuh~ ohuuh~ fxknh~ fxknh~ `d doit`x~u&
A`|hth~/ cf wah ~ceh+eac}u eiwhl`~s/ wah Ncfl` ti~cifwu `d Kig Iflohu ifg Whgah Khgah i~h diecfl uwcdd e`k}hwcwc`f d~`k Bx~bx~h !iou` i D~cw`+Ois n~ifg |cwa 1 doit`x~u#& Wah oixfea `d wah Iocti n~ifg/ |cwa d`x~ Cfgcif doit`x~u `d nibhg+|ahiw eac}u / ns D~cw`+Ois cf Jxfh cu ocbhos w` }~`tcgh dx~wah~ ti~chws w` wah e`fuxkh~u xfgh~ wah D~cw`+Ois niffh~& Wah uhe`fg k`uw cfdoxhfwcio diew`~ d`~ i e`fuxkh~ w` ghwh~kcfh wah uhohewc`f `d i }i~wcexoi~ n~ifg cu wah wiuwh i}}hio& K`uw e`fuxkh~u ux~thshg cf wahc~ dhhgnieb khfwc`fhg waiw wah wiuwh ifg iou` wah idwh~+wiuwh idwh~+wiuwh d`~ ifs ti~cifw `d i n~ifg }oisu i th~s ck}`~wifw ck}`~wifw ~`oh cf i e`fuxkh~ `}wcfl d`~ wah uikh& Ncfl` |iu |iu uicg w` aith ‑u`khwckhu ‑u`khwckhu w`` u`x~–/ ‑u`khwckhu ‑u`khwckhu w`` u|hhw– i wiuwh/ ns e`fuxkh~u |a` }~hdh~ D~cw`+Ois `th~ Ncfl`&
Hqwh~fio
Ik`fl Ik`fl wah hqwh hqwh~fi ~fioo diew` diew`~u ~u iddhe iddhewc wcfl fl wah wah ea`ceh ea`ceh `d i }~`gxe }~`gxew/ w/ wah tcucn tcucnco cocw cws s ifg ifg iticoincocws iticoincocws `d i }~`gxew |h~h d`xfg w` nh wah k`uw ck}`~wifw e~cwh~ci e~cwh~ci d`~ i e`fuxkh~ w` `}w d`~ i }i~wcexoi~ }~`gxew& Wah uw~`fl gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b `d CWE ie~`uu wah e`xfw~s aiu nhhf ohth~ilhg th~s |hoo ns wah e`k}ifs/ e`k}ifs/ w` hfux~h wah iticoincocws iticoincocws `d cwu }~`gxew ie~`uu wah e`xfw~s& W` cfe~hiuh cwu tcucncocws tcucncocws wah e`k}ifs aiu iou` gcuw~cnxwhg
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 93
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` ‑Ncfl` ~iebu– w` ~hwicoh~u& Cw gcuw~cnxwhg in`xw 7 oiba uxea oi~lh ~iebu w` gcu}ois wah n~ifg iw ioo }`cfwu `d uioh& Wah cghi |iu u``f ig`}whg ns D~cw`+Ois w``&
Igth~w Igth~wcu cuhk hkhfw hfwuu ifg hfg`~ hfg`~uhk uhkhf hfwu wu |h~h |h~h d`xfg d`xfg w` aith aith kcfck kcfckxk xk ck}i ck}iew ew `f i e`fuxkh~u– }~hdh~hfeh& @f wah niucu `d wah ux~ths/ wah hfg`~uhkhfwu ~`}hg cf wah d~`k N`oos|``g ifg e~cebhw uwi~u ocbh Uicd Ioc Baif/ K U Ga`fc/ Bi~hhfi Bi}``~ ifg Eacw~ifligi Ucfla aith th~s ocwwoh ck}iew cf cfdoxhfecfl cfdoxhfecfl i e`fuxkh~u– e`fuxkh~u– }~hdh~hfeh d`~ i n~ifg& Wah l~hiwh~ uclfcdceifh `d }hh~ ~htch|u ifg }~hdh~hfehu/ ck}ochu waiw |`~g+`d+k`xwa cu wah nhuw |is w` cfgxeh wah e`fuxkh~ cfw` nxscfl Ncfl`& Waxu/ cfwh~fio diew`~u `d ti~cifwu !doit`x~u# ifg wiuwh iuuxkh l~hiwh~ uclfcdceifeh ifg |`xog hfux~h l~hiwh~ }hfhw~iwc`f waif kiuu khgci }xnocecws&
8&9!n# K`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >=
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
D~cw`+Ois |iu ux~thshg w` nh wah k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg d`~ in`xw 5> }h~ ehfw `d wah uik}oh }`}xoiwc`f& }`}xoiwc`f& Cw iou` fhhgu w` nh f`whg waiw Eahhw`u ifg Bx~bx~h/ w`` i~h n~ifgu `|fhg ns ]h}ucE`/ }xuacfl wah e`k}ifs–u }~`gxewu iu wah k`uw }~hdh~~hg d`~ 85 }h~ ehfw `d wah ux~thshg }`}xoiwc`f&
8&9!e# \ahf i~h n~ifghg ufiebu e`fuxkhg0
\cwa 77 }h~ ehfw `d wah ux~thshg }`}xoiwc`f e`fuxkcfl ufiebu gx~cfl hthfcfl ifg fclaw ifg if`wah~ 93 }h~ ehfw ieeh}wcfl waiw wahs e`fuxkh n~ifghg ufiebu ioo wa~`xla wah gis/ i eohi~ uacdw cf wah hiwcfl aincwu `d wah s`xwa cu `nuh~thg& \cwa 1= }h~ ehfw `d wah ux~thshg }`}xoiwc`f ohuu waif >7 shi~u cf ilh ifg 33 }h~ ehfw ohuu waif 58 shi~u cf ilh/ wah uik}oh }`}xoiwc`f d`~ wah ux~ths aiu nhhf }~hg`kcfifwos s`xfl&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >9
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
\cwa in`xw <8 }h~ ehfw `d wah }`}xoiwc`f u}hfgcfl k`~h waif ^u 8= hth~s |hhb `f wah e`fuxk}wc`f `d n~ifghg ufiebu/ wahs aith nhe`kh i e`k}`fhfw `d wah gicos gchw `d wah k`gh~f s`xwa& Waxu/ |cwa wckh/ ik`fl uckcoi~os }~cehg ufiebu/ wah e`fuxkh~u i~h ocbhos w` }~hdh~ ahiowach~ n~ifgu& Wah fxw~cwc`f ifg eio`~s tioxhu `d i n~ifg |cwa wckh/ kis licf }~`kcfhfeh |cwa wckh/ `th~ wiuwh ifg doit`x~u cf iddhewcfl i e`fuxkh~–u ea`ceh ik`fl n~ifgu ifg }~`gxewu& Wah e`k}ifchu e`k}ifchu w`` aith ~hiocuhg wah uikh& \acoh Ncfl` aiu oixfeahg ~ceh eac}u xfgh~ wah uxn+n~ifg Kig Iflohu/ D~cw`+Ois aiu wa~hh n~ifgu Eahhw`u/ Bx~bx~h ifg Iocti !ucfeh Jxfh >==3# waiw eiwh~ e`~fkhio/ ~ceh ifg |ahiw+niuhg ufiebu/ waxu d`exuucfl `f wah fxw~cwc`fio tioxh `ddh~hg iw wah uikh }~ceh& 8&9!g# \ah~h cu Ncfl` ~ifbhg cf e`fuxkh~u– }~hdh~~hg n~ifgu ocuw0
D`~ 9> }h~ ehfw `d wah ux~thshg }`}xoiwc`f/ Ncfl` dclx~hu iu wah k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg/ |cwa if`wah~ 54 }h~ ehfw `d wah }`}xoiwc`f }oiecfl cw iu wah uhe`fg k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >>
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
\cwacf i ocwwoh `th~ i shi~ `d cwu oixfea/ Ncfl` aig ei}wx~hg 94 }h~ ehfw `d wah n~ifghg ufieb ki~bhw iu ilicfuw wah wi~lhwhg 1 }h~ ehfw ! IE Fhcouhf#& Wah n~ifg–u uai~h cf wah w`wio ufiebu ifg uit`x~chu ki~bhw uw``g iw 1 }h~ ehfw ns wah hfg `d >==1 !Giwik`fcw`~#& !Giwik`fcw`~#& W` ieachth wah fh| wi~lhw `d >8 }h~ ehfw `d wah n~ifghg ufieb ki~bhw uai~h/ Ncfl` |coo f`w `fos aith w` dx~wah~ ck}~`th wah uk``wafhuu cf wah wiuwh `d cwu }`wiw` eac}u/ nxw |coo iou` aith w` cfe~hiuh uiohu `d cwu ~ceh+ti~cifwu w` e`k}hwh ilicfuw Bx~bx~h& 8&9!h# Dohqcncocws `d wah e`fuxkh~ niuh
\cwa in`xw 79 }h~ ehfw `d wah ux~thshg }`}xoiwc`f ua`|cfl ~higcfhuu w` u|cwea w` cwu uhe`fg k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg `f oieb `d iticoincocws `d wah dc~uw/ |cwa`xw kibcfl ifs hqw~i hdd`~w w` }~`ex~h wah dc~uw n~ifg2 wah~h cu axlh ue`}h d`~ Ncfl` w` cfe~hiuh }hfhw~iwc`f |cwacf wah hqcuwcfl ki~bhwu&
8&9!d# \aiw gcddh~hfwciwhu Ncfl` d~`k wah ~huw0
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >5
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` Wah gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b `d CWE waiw hfux~hu waiw Ncfl` cu iticoinoh iw hth~s ~hwico uahod iw ioo }`cfwu `d wckh cu |aiw uh}i~iwhu uh}i~iwhu wah n~ifg d~`k wah ~huw `d wah e`k}hwcw`~u& In`xw In`xw >3 }h~ }h~ ehfw ehfw `d wah wah ux~ths ux~thshg hg }`} }`}xoi xoiwc wc`f `f aiu ieeh} ieeh}wh whg/ g/ wah n~ifg n~ifg–u –u ~higs ~higs iticoincocws ie~`uu ua`}u iw ioo }`cfwu `d wckh cu cwu gcddh~hfwciwcfl diew`~& \cwa wiuwh ifg doit`x~u wah k`uw ck}`~wifw diew`~u/ wah e`k}ifchu– e`k}ifchu– d`exu `f wahuh w|` diew`~u `d cfdoxhfeh w` cfe~hiuh uiohu cu jxuwcdchg&
8&> ^hwicoh~ Ux~ths
i# Fxknh~ Fxknh~ `d `d ~hwic ~hwicoh oh~u ~u ux~th ux~thsh shg g ; >= n# n# O` O`eiw eiwc` c`f f ― B`za B`zacb` cb`gh gh 8&>!i# Iticoincocws
Cf B`zacb`gh/ CWE aiu nhhf uxeehuudxo cf ohth~ilcfl cwu gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b& Hth~s `fh `d wah >= ~hwicoh~u ux~thshg e`fdc~khg waiw wah ux}}os+eaicf hfux~hu e`fuwifw iticoincocws `d Ncfl` iw wahc~ uahothu& Wah ~hwicoh~u iou` ~hcwh~iwhg waiw CWE |iu wah k`uw }~`iewcth e`k}ifs iu di~ iu hfux~cfl wah iticoincocws `d Ncfl` iw wah ua`} iw hth~s }`cfw cf wckh |iu e`feh~fhg&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >7
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
8&> !n# Diuwhuw k`tcfl n~ifghg ufieb
A`|hth~/ e`fuwifw iticoincocws ifg tcucncocws aiu f`w shw w~ifuoiwhg cfw` kiqckxk }~hdh~hfeh cf wah B`zacb`gh ki~bhwu& 9> `d wah >= ~hwicoh~u e`fdc~khg waiw D~cw`+Ois |iu wah diuwhuw k`tcfl }~`gxew& @d wah 1 waiw aig Ncfl` iu wah diuwhuw k`tcfl }~`gxew/ 8 gcgf–w uw`eb D~cw`+Ois& Ncfl`–u k`th w` uhoo >=( hqw~i cf cwu }`wiw` eac}u ufieb waif wah ~ctiou aiu iou` aho}hg wcow wah }~hdh~hfeh `d i dh| xfghecghg e`fuxkh~u w`|i~gu Ncfl`/ i dh| ~hwicoh~u f`wcehg&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >8
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
8&>!e# Fxknh~ `d doit`x~u `d Ncfl` eiwh~hg
Kij`~cws `d wah ~hwicoh~u a`uwhg nhw|hhf 7+4 doit`x~u `d Ncfl`& A`|hth~/ cw |iu xfifck`xuos ieeh}whg ns k`uw ua`}bhh}h~u waiw wah nxob `d wah uiohu d`~ wah n~ifg eikh d~`k wah Kiuioi/ Uiowhg/ W`kiw` ifg Kig Iflohu doit`x~u& 8&> !g# Exuw`kh~ Dohqcncocws
9==( Wah ~hwicoh~u `nuh~thg waiw e`fuxkh~u/ xuxioos fhth~ kcfg cf uacdwcfl uacdwcfl d~`k `fh n~ifg w` wah `wah~ cd wah `wah~ n~ifg cu dik`xu& Hth~s ~hwicoh~ e`fd`~khg waiw xfiticoincocws xfiticoincocws `d i n~ifg iw i ua`}/ e`k}xoucthos ohg w` wah e`fuxkh~ `}wcfl d`~ acu uhe`fg }~hdh~~hg n~ifg n~ifg&& ‟Xuxi ‟Xuxioo oos s exuw`k exuw`kh~u h~u `d D~cw D~cw`+O `+Ois is g`f g`f–w –w kcfg kcfg u|cw u|cwea eacfl cfl w` Ncfl` Ncfl`&& K` K`uw uw e`fuxkh~u cf wacu ~hlc`f }h~ehcth Ncfl` w` aith if cfdh~c`~ wiuwhidwh~wiuwh wiuwhidwh~wiuwh e`k}i~hg w` D~cw D~cw`+O `+Ois is&& A`|h A`|hth~ th~// wah itico iticoinc incoc ocws ws `d wah }~`gxew }~`gxew aiu ~huxow ~huxowhg hg cf i o`w `d e`fuxkh~u ~hoxewifw w` w~s cw/ nhcfl d`~ehg w` g` u`& Wahuh e`fuxkh~u th~s u``f nhe`k nhe`khh ~hlxoi ~hlxoi~~ e`fuxk e`fuxkh~u h~u `d Ncfl` Ncfl` ifg uw`} uw`} gcddh~ gcddh~hfw hfwciw ciwcf cfl l nhw| nhw|hhf hhf wah k`uw k`uw }~hdh~~hg n~ifg ifg Ncfl`/‛ }`cfwhg `xw i ~hwicoh~& 8&> !h# Cfwh~fio diew`~u iddhewcfl e`fuxkh~ }~hdh~hfeh
Wah d~ilkhfwhg ~h}ochu w` wacu yxhuwc`f uxllhuwhg w|` gcth~uh `}cfc`fu& Wah dc~uw uw~huuhg `f wah diew waiw wah n~ifg iddcociwc`f d`~ i }~`gxew |hclahg ahits `th~ hth~s `wah~ }`uucnoh cfdoxhfecfl cfwh~fio diew`~/ ~claw d~`k wiuwh w` doit`x~u& In`xw 8= }h~ ehfw `d wah ~hu}`fgcfl ~hwicoh~u e`fd`~khg w` wacu `}cfc`f&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >4
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` If`wah If`wah~~ }`} }`}xoi xoi~~ `}cfc` `}cfc`f f |acea |acea hkh~l hkh~lhg hg uxllh uxllhuwh uwhg g waiw waiw cd i }~`gxe }~`gxeww aiu l`w if i}}hiocfl i}}hiocfl wiuwh/ wah~h |coo nh i ki~bhw d`~ cw hthf cd cw cu xfn~ifghg& O`| }~cehg uiows ufiebu |acea i~h xfn~ifghg `~ d~`k o`eio n~ifgu uxea iu L~``thu/ aig i ncllh~ ki~bhw waif Oisu/ Ncfl` `~ n`wa e`kncfhg iw i dh| `d wah ~hwico `xwohwu&
EAI]WH^ 4 KI^BHWCFL UW^IWHLS
4&9Uhlkhfwiwc`f
Wah uhlkh Wah uhlkhfwi fwiwc` wc`f f d`~ wah n~ifgh n~ifghg g ufiebu ufiebu ki~bh ki~bhww eif eif nh g`f g`fhh `f wah d`oo`| d`oo`|cf cfl l l~`xfgu 4&9!i# Lh`l~i}ace: ^hlc`f |cuh: F`~wa/ u`xwa/ |huw/ hiuw/ ehfw~io/ f`~wa hiuw Eiwhl`~s: Khw~`u/ kij`~ ecwchu ifg w`|fu
Lh`l~i}ace uhlkhfwiwc`f eif nh hk}o`shg ns wah e`k}ifs w` ghtho`} gcddh~hfw ti~cifwu !doit`x~u# d`~ gcddh~hfw ~hlc`fu niuhg `f wah o`eio wiuwhu ifg }~hdh~hfehu `d waiw ~hlc`f& Wah e`k}ifs eif iou` dx~wah~ uhlkhfw wahuh ~hlc`fu cfw` khw~`u/ ecwchu ifg w`|f w`|fu& u& N~ifg N~ifg igth~w igth~wcu cucfl cfl dc~k dc~k @lcot @lcots s ifg ifg Kiwah Kiwah~/ ~/ eoic eoickh khg g waiw waiw Ncfl` Ncfl` aig ieachthg cwu kiqckxk kiqckxk ki~bhw uai~h cf ecwchu/ |cwa cw nhcfl iu acla iu 44 }h~ ehfw cf i dh| ecwchu& Wacu eohi~os cfgceiwhu/ waiw wah n~ifg aiu nhhf i axlh uxeehuu cf i dh| lh`l~i}aceio o`eiwc`fu ifg ohuuh~ u` cf `wah~u& 4&9!n# Ghk`l~i}ace:
Ilh: ?91/ 91+>7/ >8+58/ 658 Cfe`kh ohthou: kcggoh+cfe`kh ifg acla+cfe`kh l~`x}u Ncfl` wa~`xla cwu ufizzs igth~wcuhkhfwu waiw wiob `d ‑Wacfb Aiwbh– aiu d~`k wah th~s `fuhw nhhf eohi~ waiw cwu wi~lhw uhlkhfw cu wah 91+>7 ifg >8+58 shi~ `ogu eiwhl`~s& Wah ocdhuwsoh ifg hiwcfl aincwu `d wacu uhlkhfw kibh cw wah k`uw oxe~iwcth `fh d`~ wah n~ifghg ufiebu uhlkhfw& Wah }~`gxewu/ |acea i~h }~cehg iw wah o`|h~ hfg cf wah n~ifghg }iebilhg ufiebu ki~bhw/ i~h wi~lhwcfl wah kcggoh cfe`kh uhlkhfw/ wah uhlkhfw |acea aiu d``g aincwu
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh ><
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` e`fgxecth w` }iebilhg ufiebu ifg shw |`xog nh e`uw+e`fuec`xu ifg |`xog `}w d`~ ufiebu cf wah o`|h~ hfg `d wah e`uw+u}hew~xk& 4&9!e# ]usea`l~i}ace:
Dhiwx~hu: Wiuwh/ yxiocws/ yxifwcws/ }~ceh ifg }iebilcfl I|i~hfhuu: N~ifg e`fuec`xufhuu/ k`thkhfw w`|i~gu ahiowa+e`fuec`xu n~ifgu 4&9!g# Nhaitc`x~io:
Wckh `d e`fuxk}wc`f: K`~fcfl/ idwh~f``f/ hthfcfl/ fclaw/ ioo wa~`xla wah gis& \hhbos hq}hfgcwx~h: 6^u >==/ ^u 9==+>==/ ^u 8=+9==/ ?^u 8=& O`siows uwiwxu: Dohqcnoh/ O`siocuw/ Cfgcddh~hfw& 4&> Wi~lhw Wi~lhwcfl cfl
Ncfl`–u ex~~hfw d`exu |`xog nh `f cfe~hiucfl cfe~hiucfl cwu }hfhw~iwc`f }hfhw~iwc`f cf wah khw~`u ifg ecwchu/ cwu uw~`fla`ogu& Wah n~ifg ua`xog nifb `f cwu uw~`fl gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b w` hfux~h waiw cw aiu acla tcucncocws cf wah ukiooh~ w`|fu& Wibcfl ahhg d~`k cwu igth~wcuhkhfwu gx~cfl wah oixfea dieh waiw d`exuhg `f wah exowx~io gcth~ucws cf wah e`xfw~s Ncfl` ua`xog o``b w` wi~lhw hiea `d wah lh`l~i}aceio ~hlc`fu uh}i~iwhos& Wah e`k}ifs ua`xog e`fwcfxh |cwa cwu ex~~hfw d`exu `f ?58 shi~ `ogu uhlkhfw `d wah kcggoh+cfe`kh l~`x}& 4&5 ]`ucwc`fcfl
Ncfl` ua`xog f`w gcoxwh cwu ex~~hfw ki~bhw ckilh `d s`xwadxo w~hfgs n~ifg ifg ua`xog o``b w` cfe~hiuh }hfhw~iwc`f cf wah khw~`u ifg ecwchu/ wa~`xla cwu igth~wcuhkhfwu& Wah w~ceboh+g`|f hddhew/ acla tcucncocws ifg iticoincocws e`xog iou` uhh cwu ki~bhw uai~h cf wah ukiooh~ ukiooh~ w`|f–u ~cuh& Khif|acoh/ Khif|acoh/ Ncfl` ua`xog iou` cfw~`gxeh cfw~`gxeh gcddh~hfw ti~cifwu waiw uxcw wah o`eio wiuwhu w` wi~lhw wah ~hlc`fio ki~bhwu&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >1
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ < KI^BHWCFL IEWC@F ]^@L^IK
<&9 ]~`gxew
Ncfl` cu ex~~hfwos iticoinoh cf hclaw ti~cifwu/ cf iggcwc`f w` wah ~ceh+khio ufiebu& Niuh Niuhg g `f wah wah ki~b ki~bhw hw ~huh ~huhi~ i~ea ea// wah wah e`k} e`k}if ifs s eif eif cfe` cfe`~} ~}`~ `~iw iwhh wah wah d`oo d`oo`| `|cf cfl l ck}~`thkhfwu cf cwu }~`gxew }`~wd`oc`& <&9!i# <&9!i# Wiuwh/ Wiuwh/ idwh~w idwh~wiuwh iuwh ifg yxiocws yxiocws
Ncfl`/ cfu}cwh `d cwu acla }hfhw~iwc`f cf i th~s ua`~w }h~c`g `d wckh/ |iu }h~ehcthg iu ohuu wiuws ifg `d i o`|h~ yxiocws waif D~cw`+Ois ns i oi~lh uhewc`f `d wah e`fuxkh~ uik}oh& Wah d`oo`|cfl eaiflhu cf wah }~`gxew |h~h uxllhuwhg ^hgxeh wah uai~}fhuu cf wah u`x~u|hhw wiuwh `d wah }~`gxew& W`fh g`|f wah u}cehu cf wah }~`gxew& ^huhi~ea ifg w~s w` ieachth i l``g idwh~wiuwh !uckcoi~ w` ]~cflohu# d`~ Ncfl` }~`gxewu \`~b `f ~hgxecfl wah `cocfhuu ifg wah ik`xfw `d kiuioi waiw uwcebu w` wah dcflh~u gx~cfl wah }~`ehuu `d hiwcfl& •
•
•
<&9!n# Gcddh~hfw doit`~u doit`~u d`~ gcddh~hfw gcddh~hfw ~hlc`fu
Wah e`k}ifs kxuw o``b w` wi~lhw hiea `d wah ~hlc`fu niuhg `f wah u}cehu ifg wiuwhu }~htiohfw cf wah ~hlc`f& Cw ua`xog o``b w` cfw~`gxeh u}hecdce doit`x~u d`~ hiea ~hlc`f&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh >3
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` <&9!e# K`tcfl w`|i~gu w`|i~gu ahiowa+e`fuec`xu ahiowa+e`fuec`xu uxn+n~ifgu uxn+n~ifgu
\cwa e`k}hwcwc`f uo`|os k`tcfl w`|i~gu ahiowa+d~chfgos n~ifgu !Iocti d~`k D~cw`+ Ois#/ cw cu ck}h~iwcth d`~ Ncfl` w`` w` k`th cfw` e`~fkhio ifg nibhg |ahiw khio ufiebu eiwhl`~chu& <&> ]~cec ]~cecfl fl Ncfl` ex~~hfwos cu ik`fl wah o`|huw }~cehg }iebilhg ufiebu n~ifgu aitcfl i fiwc`fio }~huhfeh& Ncfl` |iu wah dc~uw n~ifg w` cfw~`gxeh/ cwu ufiebu cf ^u 8/ ^u 9= ifg ^u >= }iebhwu& ^claw f`| Ncfl` ifg cwu }~ckh e`k}hwcw`~u/ D~cw`+Ois/ Bx~bx~h ifg Eahhw`u i~h ex~~hfwos }~cehg iw wah uikh ohthou&
Cf wacu }~ceh ~iflh/ wah e`fuxkh~u– }~hdh~hfeh d`~ i n~ifg aiu nhhf d`xfg w` nh cfgcddh~hfw `d wah hqiew }~ceh `d wah }~`gxew& @fos 8 }h~ ehfw `d wah }`}xoiwc`f aiu uxllhuwhg waiw cwu }~hdh~hfeh d`~ Ncfl` `th~ cwu ~ctio n~ifgu e`xog nh `f wah niucu `d cwu }~cecfl& A`|hth~/ uai~h `d wah n~ifghg ufiebu cf wah w`wio uit`x~chu ki~bhw ex~~hfwos cu in`xw >= }h~ ehfw& \acoh o`|h~cfl `d }~cehu kclaw eixuh ioo wah e`k}hwcfl n~ifgu iou` w` o`|h~ }~cehu/ cw eif aho} wah n~ifghg ufiebu cfgxuw~s w` cfe~hiuh cwu uai~h cf wah uit`~chu ki~bhw&
<&5 ]oieh ]oiehkhf khfww
N`wa wah e`fuxkh~ ifg wah ~hwico ux~thsu aith iddc~khg iddc~khg waiw Ncfl`–u l~hiwhuw l~hiwhuw uw~hflwa ochu cf cwu uw~`fl gcuw~cnxwc`f gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b& Wah n~ifg/ wa~`xla cwu i}}hio w` wah s`xwa |cwa wah aho} `d cwu ufizzs igth~wcuhkhfwu/ igth~wcuhkhfwu/ aiu nhhf inoh w` uhex~h i uw~`fl s`xwa exuw`kh~ niuh cf wah ecwchu& Acla tcucncocws ifg iticoincocws |cwa wah aho} `d CWE–u uw~`fl gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b aiu aho}hg cw }hfhw~iwh cfw` wah ukiooh~ w`|fu& Wah e`k}ifs kxuw e`fwcfxh w` ohth~ilh cwu gcuw~cnxwc`f fhw|`~b& Ncfl` kxuw l` o`eio/ |cwacf Cfgci ifg ghtcu ghtcuhh ti~ci ti~cifwu fwu !doit` !doit`x~u x~u## u}hecd u}hecdce ce w` hiea hiea ~hlc`f ~hlc`f&& Wa Wahh e`k}if e`k}ifs s eif eif iou` iou` e`ooin`~iwh |cwa ti~c`xu d``g j`cfwu f`w iuu`eciwhg |cwa ]h}ucE` / uxea iu KeG`fiogu w` ki~bhw Ncfl` iu wah Cfgcif ufiebu `f `ddh~& Cw aig io~higs hfwh~hg cfw` i uckcoi~ wch x} |cwa Ncl Nizii~ ~hwico/ oiuw shi~&
<&7 ]~`k` ]~`k`wc` wc`f f
Wah e`k}ifs kxuw e`fwcfxh w` }~`k`wh cwuhod iu i s`xwa+ehfw~ce n~ifg& Wacu aiu aho}hg cw l~`| iw i uxnuwifwcio }ieh cf wah khw~`u ifg ecwchu&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 5=
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` \cwa \cwa wah l~`| l~`|cfl cfl i|i~ i|i~hfh hfhuu uu in`xw in`xw ahiow ahiowa+e a+e`fu `fuec` ec`xu xu }~`gxe }~`gxewu wu ifg ifg D~cw D~cw`+O `+Ois is–u –u oixfeacfl `d Iocti ifg Bx~bx~h !e`~fkhio ifg ~ceh ufiebu/ }h~ehcthg w` nh ahiowach~ waif }`wiw` eac}u#/ Ncfl` fhhgu w` lhw cfw` wahuh uhlkhfwu& Cw fhhgu w` }~`k`wh wah Kig Iflohu uxn+n~ifg iu i ahiowa+uhfucwcth }~`gxew& \acoh wah |aiebs igth~wcuhkhfwu igth~wcuhkhfwu `d wah e`k}ifs uwcoo dcfg i o`w `d wibh~u/ wah~h cu f` fhhg w` d`oo`| D~cw`+Ois–u D~cw`+Ois–u d``wuwh}u ifg ieyxc~h ehohn~cws ehohn~cws hfg`~uhkhfwu iu e`fuxkh~ ux~thsu ~hthio wahc~ ~hoiwcth cfuclfcdceifeh&
EAI]WH^ 1 DCFIFECIO @TH^TCH\
1&9 Ufiebu ki~bhw ifg ifiosucu
Cf >==1 wah w`wio ufieb ki~bhw cf Cfgci Cfgci |iu 39&> CF^ ncooc`f ncooc`f&& W`gis W`gis cf n~ifghg n~ifghg ufieb ki~bhw/ D~cw` Ois e`kkifgu i uai~h `d 78(/ d`oo`|hg ns Aiogc~ik–u iw ><( ifg CWE iw 94(& Wah ~huw cu gctcghg nhw|hhf fh| hfw~ifwu/ ifg ~hlc`fio }oish~u& @xw `d wahuh CWE–u Ncfl` cu i fh| hfw~ifw cf wah ki~bhw/ |acea |iu oixfeahg cf >==<& Ki~bhw e`fuxk}wc`f t`oxkhu cfe~hiuhg cfe~hiuhg ns 5( nhw|hhf >==7+>==1/ w` ~hiea i w`wio `d 11<&9 kcooc`f bco`l~iku cf >==1& Wah ki~bhw t`oxkh cu hq}hewhg w` ~cuh w` 9 ncooc`f bco`l~iku ns wah hfg `d >=95& Wah ufiebu ki~bhw cu huwckiwhg w` nh i |`~wa XU' 5 ncooc`f ns >=95& Wah `~lifcuhg uhew`~ `d wah ufieb d``g ki~bhw cu l~`|cfl iw 98( + >=( i shi~ |acoh wah l~`|wa ~iwh cu i~`xfg ' 9&84 ncooc`f/ ifg d`~ xf+`~lifcuhg uhew`~ cw cu <( + 1(& E`fuxk}wc`f ohtho `d e`kkh~ecio uit`x~s ufiebu cu 9= wckhu aclah~ waif waiw cf wah ~x~io ki~bhwu& I~`xfg 9=== ufieb cwhku ifg 5== ws}hu `d uit`x~chu i~h u`og cf Cfgci& Wah uhlkhfw cu oi~lhos g`kcfiwhg ns }`wiw` eac}u ifg }`wiw`+niuhg }~`gxewu |cwa `th~ 18( uai~h `d wah uiows ufieb ki~bhw& ]`wiw` eac}u uiohu }~`thg wah k`uw oxe~iwcth d`~ wah uit`~s ufiebu ki~bhw cf >==1/ lhfh~iwcfl w`wio ~hthfxhu `d '>=8&1 kcooc`f/ hyxctiohfw w` 3&5( `d wah ki~bhw,u `th~ioo tioxh& D`oo`|cfl cu wah giwi `d >==< ifg >==1 ua`|cfl e`fuxk}wc`f ifg l~`|wa `d ufieb ki~bhw Shi~ Bco`l~ik !kcooc`f# ( L~`|wa
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 59
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` >==< >==1
149&< 11<&9
>&1=( >&3=(
D`oo`|cfl cu ki~bhw ifiosucu d`~ gcddh~hfw eiwhl`~chu `d ufieb ki~bhw ifg cwu ki~bhw uai~h
Dcl&1&> Ghwicou `d ufiebu cfgxuw~s 1&> E`k}hwcw`~u
D`oo`|cfl cu wah giwi ua`|cfl gcddh~hfw e`k}ifchu |cwa wahc~ ki~bhw uai~h cf ufiebu ki~bhw E`k}ifs
( Uai~h
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4&9=
CWE ockcwhg
9&7=
Aiogc~ik–u
9&==
@wah~u
39&8=
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 5>
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` D`oo`|cfl i~h wah eioexoiwc`fu d`~ bf`|cfl wah l~`|wa `d CWE nheixuh `d ‑NCFL@– oixfea& Ucfeh Ncfl` |iu oixfeahg cf >====1& Cf >==1 wah w`wio ufieb ki~bhw cf Cfgci |iu 39&> CF^ ncooc`f& @xw `d wacu CWE ockcwhg cu aitcfl i 9&7( uai~h& 39&> ncooc`f CF^ * 9&7( ; 9><41===== !9&>< CF^ ncooc`f# U` ~hthfxh lhfh~iwhg ns Ncfl` cf 9uw shi~ `d cwu `}h~iwc`fu e`kh `xw w` nh ^u 9>< e~`~hu& Ucfeh ufieb cfgxuw~s cu ua`|cfl i l~`|wa ~iwh `d 5( cf n~ifghg uhew`~ wah~h i~h l``g }~`u}hewu `d Ncfl` w` kibh i o`w `d }~`dcw hthf cf fhi~ dxwx~h& Cf wah }~h oixfea }~huu ~hohiuh ns CWE cw |iu khfwc`fhg wah e`k}ifs cu u}hfgcfl ^u& <== e~`~h cf uhwwcfl x} i kifxdiewx~cfl diecocws& Iuuxkcfl cw w` nh d`~ Ncfl`/ CWE |coo aith i n~hib hthf d`~ wacu }~`gxew cf th~s ua`~w wckh&
1&5 Uiohu }~`jhewc`f
D`oo`|cfl cu uhlkhfwiwc`f !}ch eai~w# `d ioo wah }~`gxew eiwhl`~chu `d CWE e`k}ifs
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 55
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
Dcl 1&5+ ]ch eai~w `d eiwhl`~chu `d }~`gxew `d CWE `f niucu `d ~hthfxh
Wah in`th l~i}a eohi~os ua`|u waiw CWE aiu axlh >9( `d cwu w`wio ~hthfxh d~`k DKEL f`f+ ecli~hwwh eiwhl`~s& Wah d`oo`|cfl i~h wah }~`gxewu `d DKEL f`f+ecli~hwwh eiwhl`~s& !i# D``gu !n# Ocdhuwsoh ~hwicocfl !e# ]h~u`fio ei~h !g# Hgxeiwc`f $ Uwiwc`fh~s !h# Uidhws kiweahu !d# Cfehfuh uwcebu !Ili~niwwcu#
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 57
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` Cwu DKEL eiwhl`~s cu cf l``g l~`|wa& Wacu eif nh xfgh~uw``g d~`k wah d`oo`|cfl giwi&
DKEL
DS>==1
DS>==3
>8/=41
5=/=94
!cf wa`xuifgu#
U` cw cu eohi~ waiw wacu uhlkhfw cu aitcfl i l~`|wa `d i~`xfg >=( ifg Ncfl` eif nh i kij`~ e`fw~cnxw`~ w` wacu l~`|wa&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 58
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ 3 ^HE@KKHFGIWC@FU
9# ^hgxeh ^hgxeh wah uai~}fh uai~}fhuu uu cf wah u`x~u u`x~u|hhw |hhw wiuwh wiuwh `d wah wah }~`gxew& }~`gxew& ># ^huhi~ea ^huhi~ea w` i~~cth i~~cth iw i k`~h |cghos |cghos ieeh}w ieeh}whg hg idwh~wiu idwh~wiuwh& wh& 5# ^hgxecfl ^hgxecfl wah `cocfh `cocfhuu uu ifg wah ik`xfw ik`xfw `d kiuioi kiuioi waiw uwcebu uwcebu w` wah dcflh~u dcflh~u gx~cfl gx~cfl wah }~`ehuu `d hiwcfl& 7# Oixfea Oixfea gcddh~hf gcddh~hfww o`eio doit`x doit`x~u ~u d`~ gcddh~hf gcddh~hfww ~hlc`fu& ~hlc`fu& 8# K`th w`|i~gu w`|i~gu ahiowa+e`fuec ahiowa+e`fuec`xu `xu }~`gxewu2 }~`gxewu2 kibh kibh wah e`fuxkh~u e`fuxkh~u i|i~h in`xw in`xw wah uikh& 4# Kicfwic Kicfwicf f wah }~ceh }~cehuu iw ex~~h ex~~hfw fw ohthou ohthou&& <# E`fwcfxh |cwa |cwa |aiebs |aiebs igth~wcuhkhfw igth~wcuhkhfw eik}iclfu eik}iclfu w` w` bhh} i}}hiocfl i}}hiocfl w` wah wah ecws s`xwa& s`xwa& 1# D`exu `f kicfwicfc kicfwicfcfl fl tcucncocws tcucncocws ifg iticoincoc iticoincocws ws iw ~hwico ~hwico `xwohwu `xwohwu ie~`uu wah e`xfw~s& e`xfw~s& 3# ]i~wfh~ |cwa |cwa f`f+]h}uc f`f+]h}uc n~ifgu n~ifgu ocbh KeG`fiogu KeG`fiogu w` ki~bhw Ncfl` Ncfl` iu wah Cfgcif ufieb& ufieb&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 54
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
EAI]WH^ 9= ^HDH^HFEHU 9& aww}:|||&dohq+fh|u+d``g&e`k}ilhu9<3<5CfgciUfiebcfgci+`th~tch|+xu'5+ncooc`f+ufieb+ d``g+uhew`~&awko >& aww}:|||&cwe}`~wio&e`kfh|u~``k}~huu=4jxfh=<+n&awk 5& aww}:|||&d aww}:|||&dohq+fh ohq+fh|u+d` |u+d``g&e` `g&e`ke`fu ke`fu`oh]il `oh]ilhTch|h hTch|h~&iu} ~&iu}q0}il q0}ilh;3>=1 h;3>=1$uw~;c $uw~;cwe we ncfl` 7& aww}:|||&cwe}`~wio&e`kcwe+iffxio+~h}`~wu+>==1}gduNioifeh+uahhw&}gd 8& Giwik` Giwik`fcw` fcw`~~ !]xnoc !]xnocuahg uahg F`thknh F`thknh~~ >==1# >==1# 4& |||&}h}uce`&e`k <& aww}: aww}:||| |||&cw &cwe}`~ e}`~wio wio&e`k &e`kfh fh|u~` |u~``k `k}~hu }~huu+=1j u+=1jif=1 if=1&aw &awk k
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 5<
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
I]]HFGCQ E`fuxkh~ Ux~ths
I dh| yxhuwc`fu in`xw wah ufieb s`x hiw
9
I~h s`x i ~hlxoi~ e`fuxkh~ `d }iebilhg ufiebu `d n~ifgu ocbh D~cw` Oisu/ Bx~bx~h/ Aiogc~ik/ ]~cflohu/ Ncfl` hwe0
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]ohiuh cfgceiwh s`x~ uhq& Kioh Dhkioh
5
]ohiuh uhohew wah eiwhl`~s waiw cfeoxghu s`x~ ilh&
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 51
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
7
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8
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4
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Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 53
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
Ux~ths ]ilh 9
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1
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3
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Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
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Ux~ths ]ilh >
I dh| yxhuwc`fu in`xw wah ufieb s`x s`x hiw 99
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Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 79
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl`
95
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^hwicoh~ Ux~ths
9
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5
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Wiuwh Doit`x~u Iticoincocws ]~cecfl
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Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 7>
Ki~bhwcfl Kifilhkhfw ]~`jhew: Ncfl` ifu|h~ wacu/ cw |coo nh l~hiw& 3 Iub ack ack cd ah aiu ifs ifs uxllhuwc uxllhuwc`fu `fu d`~ ck}~`t ck}~`tcfl cfl uiohu uiohu `d Ncfl`0 Ncfl`0
Cfgcif Cfuwcwxwh `d Kifilhkhfw/ B`zacb`gh
]ilh 75
