Los 4 Diagnosticos Chinos

LOS 4 DIAGNÓSTICOS

CHINOS COLOR-SONIDO-INTERROGATORIO-PALPACIÓN

De Instrucciones meritorias de la medicina consagrada, bajo el auspicio del Emperador Kien-Lung, de la dinastía Ching

Traducción española: CHAO-CHANG CHENG Prólogo: FERMÍN CABAL

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I. SÍNTESIS GENERAL 1

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II. OBSERVAR 2

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OBSERVAR

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OBSERVAR

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OBSERVAR

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OBSERVAR

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13

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Espalda

Bazo, estómago

Hombros

Pulmones Tórax, manos Corazón

(OGLDJQyVWLFRPHGLDQWHORVSXQWRVIDFLDOHV

Vejiga y útero

Miembros inferiores

Hígado Riñones, cintura y ombligo

Manos

Brazos

Vesícula biliar

Garganta

Cabeza, cara

OBSERVAR


3RUGHEDMRGHOSXQWRPDODUUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHU PHGDGGHOLQWHVWLQRJUXHVR 3RUGHQWURGHOSXQWRPDODUUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHU PHGDGGHOLQWHVWLQRGHOJDGR 6XUFRPHQWRODELDOUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGGH ODYHMLJD\GHO~WHUR /DUHODFLyQHQWUHORVSXQWRVIDFLDOHV\HOUHVWR GHOFXHUSR 3XQWRPDODUUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGGHOKRPEUR 3RUIXHUDGHOSXQWRPDODUUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPH GDGGHOEUD]R 3RUIXHUD\GHEDMRGHOSXQWRPDODUUHSUHVHQWDOD HQIHUPHGDGGHODPDQR ÉQJXORRFXODULQWHUQRUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDG WRUiFLFD\PDPDULD $UFRFLJRPiWLFRUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGGRUVDO ÉQJXOR GHO PD[LODU UHSUHVHQWD OD HQIHUPHGDG GHOPLHPEURLQIHULRU

15

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Mentón Agua Riñones

Mejilla derecha Metal Pulmones

(OGLDJQyVWLFRPHGLDQWHODVFLQFR]RQDVIDFLDOHV

Mejilla izquierda Madera Hígado

Nariz Tierra Bazo

Zona frontal Fuego Corazón

OBSERVAR


/DPHMLOODL]TXLHUGDUHSUHVHQWDHOKtJDGRSRUTXH ODPDGHUDVHVLW~DDODL]TXLHUGD /DPHMLOODGHUHFKDUHSUHVHQWDORVSXOPRQHVSRU TXHHOPHWDOVHVLW~DDODGHUHFKD /DQDUL]UHSUHVHQWDHOED]RSRUTXHODWLHUUDVH VLW~DHQHOFHQWUR

16

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17

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(ODPDULOOR\HOURMRVRQORVFRORUHV
OBSERVAR

(ODPDULOORSiOLGRUHSUHVHQWDGLYHUVDVHQIHU PHGDGHVYDFtDV 6LORVPDODUHVWLHQHQHOFRORUURMRGHQVRUHSUH VHQWDQHOFUHFLPLHQWRH[FHVLYRGHO
18

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2EVHUYDQGRODSDUWHDJXGD\ODSDUWHREWXVDVH SXHGHVDEHUHQTXpYtVFHUDXyUJDQRQDFHODHQ IHUPHGDG\KDFLDGyQGHVHGHVDUUROOD 6LODSDUWHDJXGDGHOFRORUVHGLULJHKDFLDDIXHUD LQGLFD OD HQIHUPHGDG LQWHUQD TXH VH GHVDUUROOD KDFLDODVXSHUÀFLHGHOFXHUSRODTXHHVIiFLOGH FXUDU 6L OD SDUWH DJXGD GHO FRORU VH GLULJH KDFLD DGHQWURLQGLFDODHQIHUPHGDGH[WHUQDTXHVHGH VDUUROODKDFLDODSURIXQGLGDGGHOFXHUSRODTXH HVPiVGLItFLOGHWUDWDU 6LODSDUWHDJXGDGHOFRORUVHGLULJHKDFLDDUULEDHV GHVIDYRUDEOHSRUTXHHODJXDGHVWUX\HHOIXHJR HVXQDDOWHUDFLyQGHVWUXFWLYD 6LODSDUWHDJXGDGHOFRORUVHGLULJHKDFLDDEDMR HVIDYRUDEOHSRUTXHHOIXHJRGHVWUX\HHODJXDHV XQDDOWHUDFLyQQRGHVWUXFWLYD (OGHVDUUROORGHOFRORUHQXQKRPEUHKDGHVHU GHVGHODL]TXLHUGDKDFLDODGHUHFKDVLQRVHUtDXQ FDVRJUDYH (QXQDPXMHURFXUUHWRGRORFRQWUDULR


19

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(OFRORUGHQVRUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGLQWHUQD (OFRORUGHQVR\DSDJDGRUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHU PHGDGFUyQLFD\JUDYH (OFRORUFODURUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGH[WHUQD (OFRORUFODUR\EULOODQWHUHSUHVHQWDODHQIHU PHGDGLQLFLDO\OLYLDQD (OFRORUTXHVHSUHVHQWDFRPRHOFLHORGHVSHMDGR LQGLFDODPHMRUtDGHODHQIHUPHGDG (OFRORUTXHVHSUHVHQWDFRPRHOFLHORQXEODGR LQGLFDODDJUDYDFLyQGHODHQIHUPHGDG

20

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(VXQVtQWRPDSHOLJURVRVLKD\FRQWUDGLFFLyQGHO DJXD\HOIXHJR (VWRVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUODDSDULFLyQGHOFRORU GHQVRFRQFHQWUDGRHOQHJURHQODIUHQWH\HOURMR HQORVSyPXORV (VXQVtQWRPDSHOLJURVRVLDSDUHFHHOYHUGHRV FXURHQORVODELRV\ODFDUDRVLDSDUHFHUHSHQWL QDPHQWH HO QHJUR \ EODQFR FRPR VL IXHUD ©XQ PDTXLOODMHDOWHUDGRSRUHOVXGRUª

21

#

(O FRORU EXHQR HV XQ FRORU DFRPSDxDGR SRU OD HQHUJtDHOEULOOR

OBSERVAR

(OFRORUPDORHVXQFRORUGHQVR\DSDJDGR /RSHRUGHWRGRHVXQDIRUPDFLyQGpELOGHÀVR QRPtDODIUHQWHHVWUHFKD\HQFLPDWHQHUHOFRORU PDOR

22

# &

/DHQIHUPHGDGOOHQDGHOKtJDGRODLUDHVODHPR FLyQFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHDOKtJDGRSRUHOORORVSD FLHQWHVVXHOHQVHULUULWDEOHV (O YHUGH HV HO FRORU TXH FRUUHVSRQGH DO Kt JDGR SRU HOOR ORV SDFLHQWHV VXHOHQ WHQHU FDUDV YHUGHV (OODGRL]TXLHUGRFRUUHVSRQGHDOKtJDGRSRU HOOR ORV SDFLHQWHV SDGHFHQ GH GRORU FRVWDO L] TXLHUGR 1 GHO 7 OD PDGHUD VH XELFD HQ OD L]TXLHUGD (OKtJDGRQXWUHDORVWHQGRQHVSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHVVXHOHQSDGHFHUGHFDODPEUHV (OYLHQWRFRUUHVSRQGHDOKtJDGRSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHVVXIUHQGHPDUHRRFXODU\HVSDVPRV /D KHUQLD FRUUHVSRQGH DO KtJDGR SRU WDQWR ORVSDFLHQWHVSDGHFHQGHKHUQLD (OKtJDGR\ODYHVtFXODELOLDUVRQGRVPHULGLD QRVDFRSODGRVSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVSDGHFHQ GHVRUGHUD

1GHO7(OPHULGLDQR9%SDVDSRUHORtGR


(OYDFtRGHKtJDGRVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUODGLVPLQX FLyQYLVXDO\HOSiQLFR (QVtQWHVLV 7LSR OOHQR LUULWDGR FDUD YHUGH GRORU FRVWDO L]TXLHUGR PDUHR RFXODU FDODPEUHV HVSDVPRV KHUQLD\VRUGHUD 7LSRYDFtRGLVPLQXFLyQYLVXDOSiQLFR

23

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/DDOHJUtDHVODHPRFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHDO FRUD]yQSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVRQHXIyULFRV (OURMRFRUUHVSRQGHDOFRUD]yQSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHVWLHQHQFDUDVURMDV (OFDORUFRUUHVSRQGHDOFRUD]yQSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHVWLHQHQVHG\VRQLQTXLHWRV (O FRUD]yQ VH H[WHULRUL]D SRU OD OHQJXD SRU HOORORVSDFLHQWHVWLHQHQOHQJXDFRORUDGD /D XELFDFLyQ TXH FRUUHVSRQGH DO FRUD]yQ HV SRUDUULEDSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVLHQWHQPROHV WLDVSRUHQFLPDGHORPEOLJR (OWyUD[HVODPRUDGDGHOFRUD]yQ\ORVSXOPR QHV SRU WDQWR ORV SDFLHQWHV SDGHFHQ GH GRORU WRUiFLFR /DLQWUDQTXLOLGDGGHOFRUD]yQSURGXFHODGLV PLQXFLyQGHPHPRULDODSDOSLWDFLyQ\ODWDTXL FDUGLD (OFRUD]yQOOHQRSURGXFHODORFXUD (OFRUD]yQYDFtRSURGXFHODWULVWH]D

OBSERVAR

24

'

(O DPDULOOR FRUUHVSRQGH DO ED]R SRU WDQWR ORV SDFLHQWHVWLHQHQFDUDVDPDULOODV /DPHODQFROtDHVODHPRFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGH DOED]RSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVRQPHODQFy OLFRV (OFHQWURHVODXELFDFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHDO ED]RSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVLHQWHQPROHVWLDV HQHORPEOLJR (OED]RFRPDQGDHOVDERUSRUWDQWRORVSD FLHQWHVVRQLQDSHWHQWHV (O ED]R FRPDQGD ORV FXDWUR PLHPEURV SRU WDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVRQDVWpQLFRV (OED]RFRPDQGDHODEGRPHQSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHV SDGHFHQ GH KLQFKD]yQ DEGRPLQDO \ ERUERULJPRGRORUDEGRPLQDO\GLDUUHDTXHVRQ FDXVDGRVSRUHOYDFtRGHOED]R (OED]RFRPDQGDORVP~VFXORVSRUWDQWRHO ED]ROOHQRSURGXFHODSHVDGH]FRUSRUDOODKLQ FKD]yQDEGRPLQDO\HOHVWUHxLPLHQWR

25

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(OFRORUEODQFRFRUUHVSRQGHDORVSXOPRQHVSRU WDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVWLHQHQFDUDVSiOLGDV /DDQJXVWLDHVODHPRFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHD ORVSXOPRQHVSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVRQDQJXV WLRVRV


/DGHUHFKDHVODXELFDFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHD ORV SXOPRQHV SRU WDQWR ORV SDFLHQWHV SDGHFHQ GHGRORUFRVWDOGHOODGRGHUHFKR /RV SXOPRQHV FRPDQGDQ OD SLHO SRU WDQWR ORV SDFLHQWHV WLHQHQ SLHOHV GRORURVDV \ PX\ VHQVL EOHVDOIUtR\DOFDORU /D HQIHUPHGDG GH ORV SXOPRQHV SURGXFH OD WRVODH[SHFWRUDFLyQHOHVWRUQXGRHOPRFRODGLV QHDHWF (O WyUD[ HV OD PRUDGD GH ORV SXOPRQHV SRU WDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVSDGHFHQGHGRORUWRUiFLFR (OYDFtRGHORVSXOPRQHVSURGXFHHODVPDGDGD VXHVFDVDHQHUJtDHQHOWyUD[

26

(O FRORU QHJUR FRUUHVSRQGH D ORV ULxRQHV SRU WDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVWLHQHQFDUDVQHJUDV (OPLHGRHVODHPRFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHDORV ULxRQHVSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVRQPLHGRVRV /DXELFDFLyQTXHFRUUHVSRQGHDORVULxRQHVHV SRUDEDMRSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVVLHQWHQPROHV WLDVSRUGHEDMRGHORPEOLJR (ODJXDFRUUHVSRQGHDORVULxRQHVSRUWDQWRORV SDFLHQWHVSDGHFHQGHHGHPDKLQFKD]yQDEGRPL QDO\GHOSLHGLVQHD\GLÀFXOWDGHQDFRVWDUVH /RVULxRQHVVHFDQDOL]DQSRUHOyUJDQRJHQLWDO\ HODQRSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVWLHQHQGLÀFXOWDGHV SDUDRULQDU\H[FUHPHQWDU

OBSERVAR

/RVULxRQHVFRPDQGDQORVKXHVRV\VRQDFRSOD GRVFRQODYHMLJDSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVSDGH FHQGHGRORUyVHR\GRUVDOHKLQFKD]yQKLSRJiV WULFD (OERVWH]RFRUUHVSRQGHDORVULxRQHVSRUWDQWR ORVSDFLHQWHVERVWH]DQIUHFXHQWHPHQWH &XDQGRODHQIHUPHGDGUHQDODVFLHQGHDOFRUD]yQ HOSDFLHQWHVLHQWHYDFtRHQHOFRUD]yQTXHVHSD UHFHDODVHQVDFLyQGHKDPEUH /D XELFDFLyQ TXH FRUUHVSRQGH D ORV ULxRQHV HV SRUDEDMRSRUWDQWRORVSDFLHQWHVWLHQHQORVSLHV IUtRV

27

F

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/DHQIHUPHGDGKHSiWLFDTXHVHPDQLÀHVWDSRUHO FRORUYHUGHHVXQDFRQFRUGDQFLDGHOFRORUFRQOD HQIHUPHGDG VL VH PDQLÀHVWD SRU RWUR FRORU HV XQDGLVFRUGDQFLDHQWUHHOORV 6LVHSUHVHQWDSRUHOFRORUQHJURHVXQDGRPLQDQ FLDGHOD©PDGUHªDO©KLMRªIDYRUDEOH 6LVHSUHVHQWDSRUHOFRORUURMRHVXQDGRPLQDQ FLDGHO©KLMRªDOD©PDGUHªGHVIDYRUDEOH 6LVHSUHVHQWDSRUHOFRORUDPDULOORHVGHELGRD TXHODHQIHUPHGDGGHVWUX\HHOFRORUQRVHDJUD YDUiODHQIHUPHGDG 6LVHSUHVHQWDSRUHOFRORUEODQFRHVGHELGRDTXH HOFRORUGHVWUX\HODHQIHUPHGDGVHDJUDYDUiOD HQIHUPHGDG


28

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/RV FLQFR FRORUHV FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D ODV FLQFRYtVFHUDVVHPDQLÀHVWDQHQVXVGHELGDV]R QDVIDFLDOHVPLHQWUDVTXHODFRQFLHQFLDHVJXDU GDGDSRUGHQWURGHOFRUD]yQ\QRFRUUHVSRQGHD QLQJ~QFRORU6LQHPEDUJRVHSXHGHSHUFLELUHO HVWDGR GH OD FRQFLHQFLD SRU OD PLUDGD GHO SD FLHQWHSDUDGLDJQRVWLFDUODJUDYHGDGGHODHQIHU PHGDG /D PLUDGD DSDJDGD UHSUHVHQWD OD HVFDVH] GH OD FRQFLHQFLDHVSHOLJURVD /DPLUDGDFODUD\EULOODQWHUHSUHVHQWDODQRUPDOL GDGGHODFRQFLHQFLD\EXHQDVDOXG /DPLUDGDLQFRPSOHWDIDOWDHOWRQRRHOEULOOR UHSUHVHQWDODHQIHUPHGDGSURORQJDGD /DPLUDGDYDFtDIDOWDHOWRQR\HOEULOOR HVXQD VHxDOGHODPXHUWH

29

(

/D SXSLOD QHJUX]FD HO LULV D]XODGR HO JORER EODQFR\ORVGRViQJXORVURMRVVRQORVFRORUHVQRU PDOHVGHXQRMR6LVHPH]FODQHVWRVFRORUHVTXH DSDUHFHQHQHOOXJDUQRFRUUHVSRQGLHQWH VHUtDXQ PDODXJXULR 6LHOFRORUGHORViQJXORVRFXODUHVHVGHPDVLDGR URMRKDEUiHUXSFLyQR~OFHUD

OBSERVAR

6LHOFRORUGHORViQJXORVRFXODUHVHVDPDULOOR KDEUiFRQYDOHFHQFLD /RVJORERVDPDULOORVUHSUHVHQWDQODLFWHULFLD

30

" (

(OSDFLHQWHTXHDEXVDHQFHUUDUORVRMRVSDGHFH GHODHQIHUPHGDG

III. ESCUCHAR 31

#

3ULPHURH[LVWHODYR]\OXHJRHOVRQLGR3RUHVR ODYR]HVODUDt]GHOVRQLGR\HVWHHVIRUPDGRSRU ODWRQDOLGDGGHODYR]$VLPLVPRODVGLYHUVDVYL EUDFLRQHVRWRQDOLGDGHVVHWUDQVIRUPDQHQFLQFR VRQLGRVTXHFRUUHVSRQGHQDODVFLQFRYtVFHUDV /RVFLQFRVRQLGRVVRQ©'2ªFRUUHVSRQGHDOKt JDGR ©/$ª FRUUHVSRQGH DO FRUD]yQ ©0,ª FR UUHVSRQGHDOED]R©5(ªFRUUHVSRQGHDORVSXO PRQHV\©62/ªFRUUHVSRQGHDORVULxRQHV

32

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/RVSXOPRQHVVLPEROL]DQWRGRVORVREMHWRVKXH FRV\FDSDFHVGHSURGXFLUHOVRQLGR3RUWDQWR ORVSXOPRQHVFRPDQGDQHOVRQLGR /D ODULQJH HV OD YtD GHO VRQLGR SRU GRQGH VDOH HVWH (OVRQLGRHVSURGXFLGRSRUODYLEUDFLyQGHODVFXHU GDVYRFDOHV3RUWDQWRVRQODSXHUWDGHOVRQLGR


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33

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+D\ODULQJHDQFKD\HVWUHFKDODDQFKDSURGXFH XQPD\RUYROXPHQ\ODHVWUHFKDSURGXFHXQPH QRUYROXPHQGHOVRQLGR +D\OHQJXDDJXGD\REWXVDODDJXGDSURGXFHXQ VRQLGRSXUR\ODREWXVDSURGXFHXQVRQLGRWDUGR +D\ FXHUGDV YRFDOHV ÀQDV \ JUXHVDV ODV ÀQDV SURGXFHQXQVRQLGRFODUR\ODVJUXHVDVSURGXFHQ XQVRQLGRWXUELR +D\ODELRVJUXHVRV\ÀQRVORVÀQRVSURGXFHQXQ VRQLGRUiSLGR\ORVJUXHVRVSURGXFHQXQVRQLGR OHQWR +D\GLHQWHV\X[WDSXHVWRV\HVSDFLDGRVORV\X[ WDSXHVWRVSURGXFHQXQVRQLGRFRQFHQWUDGR\ORV HVSDFLDGRVSURGXFHQXQVRQLGRGLVHPLQDGR (VWRVVRQORVVRQLGRVQRUPDOHVGHDFXHUGRD FDGDWLSRGHSHUVRQD

ESCUCHAR

34

1HL.LQJ GLFH ©(O FLHOR QXWUH DO KRPEUH FRQ FLQFRHQHUJtDVTXHHQWUDQSRUODQDUL]\SHQHWUDQ HQODVYtVFHUDVOXHJRKDFHQHYLGHQFLDUORVFLQFR FRORUHVHQODFDUD\KDFHQH[SUHVDUORVFLQFRVR QLGRV3RUHOORFDGDYtVFHUDWLHQHVXVRQLGRFR UUHVSRQGLHQWHª 0,HVXQVRQLGREDMRDPSOLRIXHUWH\YROXPL QRVRTXHVHHPLWHGHVGHODODULQJHFRQODOHQJXD FRORFDGDHQHOFHQWURGHODFDYLGDGEXFDOSHUWH QHFHDODWLHUUD\VHFRPXQLFDFRQHOED]R 5(HVXQVRQLGRVHFRVREULR\WLPSiQLFRTXHVH HPLWHGHVGHODFDYLGDGEXFDOSHUWHQHFHDOPHWDO \VHFRPXQLFDFRQORVSXOPRQHV 62/HVXQVRQLGRDJXGRUHGXFLGR\WLHUQRTXH VHHPLWHGHVGHORVODELRVHQWUHDELHUWRVSHUWHQHFH DODJXD\VHFRPXQLFDFRQORVULxRQHV /$ HV XQ VRQLGR HOHYDGR \ DUPyQLFR TXH VH HPLWH FRQ OD OHQJXD WRFDQGR ORV GLHQWHV SHUWH QHFHDOIXHJR\VHFRPXQLFDFRQHOFRUD]yQ '2 HV XQ VRQLGR ÁX\HQWH \ PRGHUDGR TXH VH HPLWHFRQODOHQJXDFXUYDGDSHUWHQHFHDODPD GHUD\VHFRPXQLFDFRQHOKtJDGR 6RQHVWRVORVVRQLGRVQRUPDOHVGHODVFLQFRYtV FHUDV


35

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3RUODDOHJUtDHOVRQLGRKDGHVHUJR]RVR\GLV SHUVDGR 3RUODLUDHOVRQLGRKDGHVHUIXULRVRSUHVWR\ YLROHQWR 3RUODWULVWH]DHOVRQLGRKDGHVHUSDWpWLFRSH QRVR\GHVRODGRU 3RUODSD]HOVRQLGRKDGHVHUSOiFLGRVHUHQR\ DUPRQLRVR 3RUODYHQHUDFLyQHOVRQLGRKDGHVHUVROHPQH PDMHVWXRVR\VHQVDWR 3RUHODPRUHOVRQLGRKDGHVHUWLHUQRFDULxRVR \PHORGLRVR (VWRV VRQ ORV VRQLGRV QRUPDOHV GH DFXHUGR D FDGDPRPHQWRHPRFLRQDO

36

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/DDOWHUDFLyQGHODH[SUHVLyQVRQRUDHVDTXHOVR QLGRTXHQRFRQFXHUGDFRQODFRQVWLWXFLyQItVLFD \HOHVWDGRHPRFLRQDO (OVRQLGRHOHYDGR\HVIRU]DGRFRPRHOJULWRFR UUHVSRQGHDODHQIHUPHGDGKHSiWLFD (OVRQLGRYROXPLQRVR\WyQLFRFRPRODULVDFR UUHVSRQGHDODHQIHUPHGDGFDUGLDFD (OVRQLGROLJHUR\H[WHQGLGRFRPRHOFDQWRFR UUHVSRQGHDODHQIHUPHGDGGHOED]R

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(OVRQLGRFRQYXOVLYR\HQWUHFRUWDGRFRPRHOVR OOR]RFRUUHVSRQGHDODHQIHUPHGDGSXOPRQDU (OVRQLGREDMR\WHQXHFRPRHOJHPLGRFRUUHV SRQGHDODHQIHUPHGDGUHQDO

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38

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40

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41

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(OFRUD]yQGRPLQDDORVFLQFRRORUHV(OSDFLHQWH TXHSRVHHODVHQVLELOLGDGDQRUPDODQWHORVFLQFR RORUHVSDGHFHGHFDUGLRSDWtD &XDQGRODHQIHUPHGDGSHQHWUDHQHOFRUD]yQ PLVPRHOSDFLHQWHDEXVDGHRORUTXHPDGRHQHO ED]RDEXVDGHIUDJDQFLDHQORVULxRQHVDEXVDGH RORUUDQFLRHQORVSXOPRQHVDEXVDGHRORUFiU QHRHQHOKtJDGRDEXVDGHRORUSHQHWUDQWH (OED]RFRPDQGDDORVFLQFRVDERUHV(OSDFLHQWH TXHSRVHHODVHQVLELOLGDGDQRUPDODQWHORVFLQFR VDERUHVSDGHFHGHODHQIHUPHGDGGHOED]R &XDQGRODHQIHUPHGDGSHQHWUDHQHOED]RPLVPR HO SDFLHQWH DEXVD GH VDERU GXOFH HQ HO KtJDGR DEXVDGHVDERUiFLGRHQHOFRUD]yQDEXVDGHVD ERUDPDUJRHQORVSXOPRQHVDEXVDGHVDERUSL FDQWHHQORVULxRQHVDEXVDGHVDERUVDODGR /RVULxRQHVFRPDQGDQDORVFLQFRKXPRUHV(O GHVHTXLOLEULRGHKXPRUHVXQVtQWRPDGHHQIHU PHGDGUHQDO

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42

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43

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45

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V. EL DIAGNÓSTICO COMBINADO 46 #

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47

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&XDQGRXQSDFLHQWHWLHQHODFDUDSiOLGDTXHQRHV GHELGDDODSpUGLGDGHVDQJUH\WLHQHORVSXOVRV FRPRKLORVGHVRUGHQDGRVHVXQDPDQLIHVWDFLyQ GHOWHPRU 6LHOSDFLHQWHWLHQHORVSXOVRVÁRWDQWHVODH[SUH VLyQLQTXLHWD\HOFRORUFDPELDQWHHQODFDUD\D HQURMR\DHQEODQFR HVXQDPDQLIHVWDFLyQGH YHUJHQ]D

48

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3XOVRIDYRUDEOHH[WHQVR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHLQWHUPLWHQWH

104

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRSHTXHxRGpELO 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHOOHQRVXSHUÀFLDODPSOLR

105

"

3XOVRFRKHUHQWHVXSHUÀFLDOOLVR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRSUHVWRHVWUHFKR

106

"

3XOVRFRKHUHQWHSXOVRVXSHUÀFLDO 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHODWHQWH

107

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHVXSHUÀFLDOEODQGR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRODWHQWH\WHQVR


108

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHVXSHUÀFLDOOOHQRRYDFtROLVR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRiVSHUR

109

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHWXEXODUOHQWR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSUHVWRDPSOLR

110

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHKXHFRJUDQGH 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRiVSHURERUURVR

111

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHJUDQGHSUHVWR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHHVWUHFKRERUURVRFRUWRiV SHUR

112

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHOOHQRJUDQGH 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHiVSHURSHTXHxR

PALPAR

113

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHVXSHUÀFLDODPSOLR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRSUHVWR

114

" ""

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHVXSHUÀFLDOOHQWR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRSHTXHxRSUHVWR

115

" &

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHWHQVRSUHVWRKXHFR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHGpELOSUHVWR

116

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHDPSOLRSUHVWRVXSHUÀFLDO 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHERUURVRiVSHUR

117

"

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHVXSHUÀFLDODPSOLROOHQR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRHVWUHFKRERUURVR


118

" "

3XOVRIDYRUDEOHOLVRSUHVWR 3XOVRGHVIDYRUDEOHSURIXQGRHVWUHFKRYDFtR

119

" '

120

/DVPXMHUHVHPEDUD]DGDVWLHQHQHOSXOVRIXHUWH HQOD]RQDSRVWHVWLORLGHD\GpELOHQOD]RQDSUHHVWL ORLGHDRWLHQHQHOSXOVRPX\DJLWDGRVREUHHOPHUL GLDQRGHOFRUD]yQDODDOWXUDGHOHVWLORLGHV 6LHVWD DJLWDFLyQGHOSXOVRVHGLVSHUVDSRUODSUHVLyQLQGLFD HPEDUD]RGHWUHVPHVHVVLHVWDDJLWDFLyQQRVHGLV SHUVDLQGLFDHOHPEDUD]RGHFLQFRPHVHV6LODDJL WDFLyQGHOSXOVRVHDFHQW~DHQODPDQRL]TXLHUGD HVXQQLxR\HQODPDQRGHUHFKDHVXQDQLxD

" "

121 " " "

&XDQGR OOHJD HO PRPHQWR RSRUWXQR HO SXOVR VHSUHVHQWDGHXQDIRUPDPX\GHVRUGHQDGDTXH DVHPHMDDOSXOVRGLVHPLQDGR

'HVSXpVGHOSDUWRSRUODOyJLFDGHELOLGDGHQHU JpWLFD\VDQJXtQHDGHEHKDEHUHOSXOVRYDFtRSH

PALPAR

TXHxR \ OHQWR VL DSDUHFH HO SXOVR JUDQGH OOHQR KXHFRRVyOLGRKDEUiTXHWHQHUPXFKDSUHFDXFLyQ

122

" " " ? ]" >%e^

/RVSXOVRVFODURVUHSUHVHQWDQODQREOH]DVRQORV ODWLGRVVXDYHVWUDQTXLORV\QRWDEOHV /RVSXOVRVWXUELRVUHSUHVHQWDQODPLVHULDVRQORV ODWLGRViVSHURVFRQIXVRV\U~VWLFRV /RVSXOVRVSHTXHxRVUHSUHVHQWDQODSREUH]D /RVSXOVRVJUDQGHVUHSUHVHQWDQODULTXH]D /RVSXOVRViVSHURVUHSUHVHQWDQHOLQIRUWXQLR /RVSXOVRVOLVRVUHSUHVHQWDQHOELHQHVWDU /RVSXOVRVODUJRVUHSUHVHQWDQODORQJHYLGDG /RVSXOVRVFRUWRVUHSUHVHQWDQODYLGDFRUWD 8QDSHUVRQDGHDVSHFWRHOHJDQWH\SXOVRWXUELR HVQREOHSHURPLVHUDEOH 8QD SHUVRQD GH DVSHFWR GHVDJUDGDEOH \ SXOVR FODURHVPLVHUDEOHSHURQREOH 3XOVRFODUR\JUDQGHHVQREOH\ULFR 3XOVRFODUR\SHTXHxRHVQREOH\SREUH 3XOVRFODUR\OLVRHVQREOH\GLFKRVR 3XOVRFODUR\iVSHURHVQREOH\GHVGLFKDGR 3XOVRWXUELR\SHTXHxRHVSREUH\PLVHUDEOH 3XOVRWXUELR\JUDQGHHVPLVHUDEOHSHURULFR 3XOVRWXUELR\iVSHURHVPLVHUDEOH\GHVGLFKDGR 3XOVRWXUELR\OLVRHVPLVHUDEOHSHURGLFKRVR 3XOVRWXUELR\FRUWRHVPLVHUDEOH\YLYHSRFR 3XOVRWXUELR\ODUJRHVPLVHUDEOHSHURFRQORQ JHYLGDG

Los 4 Diagnosticos Chinos

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