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Owm``gy

122=

YQH\HWZ LMC I GZGQNMNG ”

Qhrrfqy i”gzrgqym~g nfdryha`g Yfwy `g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng xwm nfcngqcgcy `h nfdryham`myí H`kíqmgccg 5 `g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~, `g~ ~yfne~, nqíhcng~ gy rqf|m~mfc~ …gyn#

HAIG@KJHLFWQ KQH_GD NQNGNN Owm``gy

@G^ YQH\HWZ LMC I”GZGQNMNG


MCYQFIWNYMFC Njhrmyqg M ? Faognyml~ gy rqí~gcyhymfc~ ig~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng M# MM#

Faognyml~ ig~ yqh|hwz i”mc|gcyhmqg Rqí~gcyhymfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig i”gzgqnmng

Njhrmyqg MM ? @g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ M# MM# MMM#

Mc|gcyhmqg ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ @g~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ @g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~

Njhrmyqg MMM ? Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ ~yfne~ M# MM# MMM# M\#

Qíkw`hqm~hymfc iw nfdryg >: ¥ Hnjhy~ ¥ Hnjhy~ µ Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ |gcyg~ Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig `h |h`gwq ig~ ~yfne~ @”mc|gcyhmqg mcygqdmyygcy

Njhrmyqg M\ ? @g~ nqíhcng~ M# MM#

Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ Hwyqg~ qíkw`hqm~hymfc~

Njhrmyqg \ ? @g~ rqf|m~mfc~ M# MM# MMM# M\# \#

Iílmcmymfc Cíng~~myí ig `h nfc~ymywymfc ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ Qù`g ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ Dfih`myí i”hrr`mnhymfc rqhymxwg Qíhow~ygdgcy ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc

Njhrmyqg \M ? Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ njhqkg~ gy ig~ rqfiwmy~ M# MM#

Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ njhqkg~ Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ rqfiwmy~ Njhrmyqg \MM ? `”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy M# MM#

Iílmcmymfc Gyha`m~~gdgcy~ ig `”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy

Nh~ rqhymxwg

Nfcn`w~mfc


MCYQFIWNYMFC ? @g yqh|hm` fqimchmqg ig~ nfdryha`g~ nfc~m~yg â nfdryham`m~gq `g~ fríqhymfc~ gllgnywíg~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g hw nfwqhcy ig `”hccíg gc ~g ah~hcy ~wq `g~ ifnwdgcy~ nfdryha`g~ gy gzyqh nfdryha`g~# Dh`kqí xwg `g~ nfdryha`g~ iírgc~gcy ig~ gllfqy~ ícfqdg~ rfwq fqkhcm~gq gy how~ygq `gwq~ yqh|hwz, m`~ ~fcy fa`mkí~ ig lhmqg `g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng, ng~ igqcmgq~ ~fcy gzmkí~ yfwofwq~ ig~ fríqhymfc~ ig `”hccíg gc nfwq~ cfc mdrwyíg~, gy ig~ fríqhymfc~ xwm c”hrrhqymgcy rh~ â `”gzgqnmng gc nfwq~ mdrwyíg~ hw nfwq~ ig `”hccíg, hofwyhcy `g~ gqqgwq~ ig nh`nw`# @g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng, nfcngqchcy `”gc~gda`g ig~ n`h~~g~ iw r`hc nfdryha`g chymfch`, qgrqí~gcygcy `”gc~gda`g ig~ yqh|hwz nfdryha`g~ gy gzyqh nfdryha`g~ gc |w ig iíygqdmcgq `g~ qí~w`yhy~ gy `g am`hc ig `”gcyqgrqm~g# @g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng g~y wcg rjh~g yqê~ mdrfqyhcyg ihc~ `”hnym|myí ig `h lfcnymfc nfdryha`g# Ng ~fcy ig~ fríqhymfc~ â gcqgkm~yqgq rfwq íyha`mq wc am`hc xwm rqí~gcygqh ig~ mclfqdhymfc~ gzhnyg~# Fqkhcm~hymfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng#

@g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng ~g lgqfcy hw >8&81 ig njhxwg hccíg wcg lfm xwg yfwyg~ `g~ fríqhymfc~ w~wg``g~ ig `”gzgqnmng ~fcy nfdryham`m~íg~ # @”gzínwymfc ig `h yhnjg ~g qí~wdg nfddg ~wmy ? h- Gyha`mq wcg ah`hcng rqf|m~fmqg hw >8&81 *nfcygchcy yfwyg~ `g~ fríqhymfc~ w~wg``g~-# a- Rh~~gq yfw yf wyg~ `g~ `g~ ínqmywqg~ i”mc|gcyhmqg~# Hdfqym~~gdgcy#  Rqf|m~mfc~#   Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ nfdryg~ cíng~~hmqg~#  Gyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy#  …gyn# n- Gyha`mq wcg ah`hcng i”mc|gcyhmqg# i- Qgkqfwrgq `g~ ~fw~ nfdryg~ ig~ n`h~~g~ *< gy ;- ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ rqmcnmrhwz#


g- Iíygqdmcgq `g~ qí~w`yhy~ rhq ~yhig *dhqkg aqwyg, |h`gwq hofwyíg, qí~w`yhy i”gzr`fmyhymfc, qí~w`yhy jfq~ gzr`fmyhymfc, gzr`fmyhymfc , qí~w`yhy ig `”gzgqnmng###gyn#`”gzgqnmng###gyn#l- Rqí~gcygq wcg ah`hcng hrqê~ `”mc|gcyhmqg# k- Gyha`mq `g am`hc gy `g yha`ghw nfdryg~ ig~ qí~w`yhy~#

Gnqmywqg~ w~wg``g~

21&28&##

Ah`hcng h|hcy mc|gcyhmqg

>8&81&##

Gnqmywqg ig lmc i”gzgqnmng

>8 $ 81

Yqh|hwz Yqh|hwz ig I”gzgqnmng

Am`hc % YNQ


NJHRMYQG M? Faognyml Faognyml~~ gy rqí~gcyhymfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzg i”gzgqq nmng? yqh|hwz i”mc|gcyh i”mc|gcyhmqg# mqg# 8- Faognyml~ ig~ yqh|hwz Yfwyg~ `g~ gcyqgrqm~g~ ~fcy ygcwg~ ig lhmqg `”mc|gcyhmqg hccwg` ig~ í`ídgcy~ hnyml~ gy rh~~ml~ nfdrf~hcy `gwq rhyqmdfmcg# Ngy mc|gcyhmqg nfc~m~yg â wc iícfdaqgdgcy rhq ínqmy gy rhq hqymn`g ig~ amgc~, nqíhcng~ gy igyyg~ ifcy `g awy cfyhddgcy ig ifccgq wcg mdhkg qíg``g, lmiê`g gy ~mcnêqg ig~ nfdryg~ nfcngqchcy `”gzgqnmng xwm ~”hnjê|g# Hw rfmcy ig |wg nfdryha`g, `”mc|gcyhmqg gcyqhãcg wcg ~íqmg ig yqh|hwz mdrfqyhcy~ xwh`mlmí~ i”mc|gcyhmqg nfdryha`g gy h}hcy rfwq faogy `”íyha`m~~gdgcy iw am`hc gy nfqqí`hym|gdgcy `h iíygqdmchymfc iw qí~w`yhy ig `”gzgqnmng, xwm nfddg cfw~ `g ~h|fc~ rgwy ïyqg nh`nw`í ig igwz dhcmêqg~ ? 

H `”hmig ig~ nfdryg~ iw am`hc ? nfdrhqhm~fc ig `h ~mywhymfc hnym|g gy rh~~m|g#

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H rhqymq ig~ nfdryg~ ig kg~ymfc? rhq frrf~mymfc ig~ njhqkg~ hwz rqfiwmy~#

@”mdrfqyhcng ig~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng g~y í|migcyg, nhq wc am`hc iírf~í gckhkg `h qg~rfc~ham`myí ig~ kg~ymfcchmqg~ ig `”gcyqgrqm~g, |m~ â |m~ ig `”Gyhy gy ig~ ymgq~# Ig ng lhmy, `g~ kg~ymfcchmqg~ ifm|gcy } hrrfqygq yfwyg `gwq hyygcymfc rfwq xwg ng~ yqh|hwz iõdgcy qíh`m~í~ yqhiwm~gcy h|gn ~mcníqmyí gy lmií`myí `h qíh`myí |ínwg rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g rgcihcy `”gzgqnmng gy ~h ~mywhymfc â `h ihyg ig n`ùywqg# @g~ yqh|hwz hmc~m qíh`m~í~ ifm|gcy rgqdgyyqg hwz kg~ymfcchmqg~ i”hrrqínmgq `g~ qí~w`yhy~ faygcw~ gy ig rqfníigq â `”hch`}~g gy hw imhkcf~ymn gc |wg ig iíygqdmcgq `g~ iínm~mfc~ â rqgciqg rfwq hdí`mfqgq `h ~mywhymfc ig `”gcyqgrqm~g#

1- Rqí~gcyhymfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng# H|hcy i”íywimgq gc iíyhm` `g~ ` g~ imllíqgcy~ yqh|hwz nfdryha`g~ gy gzyqh nfdryha`g~ ig lmc i”gzgqnmng, fc |h iqg~~gq wc nfdryg kícíqh` ig ng~ yqh|hwz i”mc|gcyhmqg x wg `”fc rgwy n`h~~gq nfddg ~wmy? ~wmy?

H# Yqh|hwz gzyqh nfdryha`g~ ? @”mc|gcyhmqg dhyíqmg` fw gzyqh nfdryha`g nfc~m~yg â wc qgnf``gdgcy kícíqh` ig yfw~ `g~ í`ídgcy~ i”hnyml gy ig rh~~ml ig `”gcyqgrqm~g#

8- Rjh~g ¥ Mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ µ ? G``g rgqdgy i”migcymlmgq ig dhcmêqg gzjhw~ym|g `g~ lfci~ lmzg~ hrrhqygchcy â `”gcyqgrqm~g gy `g~ dfw|gdgcy~ `g~ h}hcy hllgnyí~#


H `h lmc ig njhxwg gzgqnmng, ig~ mc~yqwnymfc~ ~fcy ídm~g~ rfwq iílmcmq `g~ dfih`myí~ ig qíh`m~hymfc ig `”fríqhymfc i”mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg, `g qhrrqfnjgdgcy h|gn `g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g 1 nfqqg~rfcihcy~, `h qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ ínhqy~ í|gcywg`~ hmc~m xwg `h rh~~hymfc ig~ ínqmywqg~ nfcngqchcy `g~ ifyhymfc~ hwz hdfqym~~gdgcy~ gy `h qí~fqrymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~#

1- Rjh~g ¥ ~yfne~ µ ? Ihc~ `g~ gcyqgrqm~g~ nfddgqnmh`g~ nfddgqn mh`g~ nfddg ihc~ `g~ gcyqgrqm~g gcyqgrqm~g ~ mciw~yqmg``g~, `h |h`gwq ig~ ~yfne~ qgrqí~gcyg wc yhwz yqê~ mdrfqyhcy iw yfyh` ig~ rf~yg ~ ig `”hnyml iw am`hc# Nfdryg ygcw ig `”mdrfqyhcng gy `h im|gq~myí ig~ dhymêqg~, lfwqcmywqg~ gy rqfiwmy~ ~yfneí~, iw ~}~yêdg i”fqkhcm~hymfc gzm~yhcy, iw cm|ghw ig xwh`mlmnhymfc ig~ rgq~fccg`~ xwm } ~fcy hllgnyí~, ngyyg rjh~g nfc~ymywg `”íyhrg `h r`w~ ií` mnhyg ihc~ `g rqfng~~w~ ig n`ùywqg# Ig ng xwm rqínêig, ig~ mc~yqwnymfc~ n`hmqg~, rqínm~g~ gy gzr`mnmyg~ ig|qhmgcy ïyqg ídm~g~ rfwq iílmcmq `g~ imllíqgcyg~ rjh~g~ i”mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg, ig |h`fqm~hymfc, ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy, ig yqhmygdgcy ig~ ínhqy~ gy ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc~ nfdryha`g~#

>- Rjh~g ¥ rgq~fccg` µ ? Gc nf``hafqhymfc h|gn `g~ ~gq|mng~ ig `h kg~ymfc rgq~fccg`, `g~ ~gq|mng~ lmchcnmgq~ gy nfdryha`g~ ifm|gcy rqírhqgq ig~ hch`}~g~ iíyhm``íg~ rfwq `”gzr`mnhymfc gy `”hrwqgdgcy ig~ nfdryg~ qg`hyml~ hwz rqïy~, h wz h|hcng~, hwz ~fìg~ ig yfwy nfdryg, hwz qgygcwg~, hwz nfym~hymfc~ ~fnmh`g~, …gyn#

9- Rjh~g ¥ nfddgqnmh`g µ ? @h qg~rfc~ham`myí ig `”hnym|myí nfddgqnmh`g gcyqhãcg wcg nfcchm~~hcng hrrqflfcimg ig `h n`mgcyê`g, ig~ hllhmqg~ yqhmyíg~, iw cm|ghw i”h|hcngdgcy ig~ yqh|hwz, …gyn# Iw lhmy xwg `g nfcyhny h|gn `g~ n`mgcy~ g~y h~~wqí rhq `h lfcnymfc nfddgqnmh`g, `g~ mclfqdhymfc~ im~rfcma`g~ hwrqê~ ig~ ~gq|mng~ nfddgqnmhwz ~fcy |myh`g~ rfwq wcg afccg dhãyqm~g ig~ nfdryg~ ig nqíhcng~ ~wq n`mgcy~# Ngnm rgqdgyyqh hwz lmchcnmgq~ ig iíygqdmcgq `g~ nqíhcng~ n`mgcy~ xwm rqí~gcygcy ig~ imllmnw`yí~ ig ig qgnfw|qg qgnf w|qgdgcy dgcy rfwq ? 

Lhmqg wc qgngc~gdgcy ow~ymlmí ig~ nqíhcng~ mqqínfw|qha`g~ gy ig~ nqíhcng~ `mymkmgw~g~#


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G~ymdgq `g~ rqf|m~mfc~ cíng~~hmqg~ â nfc~ymywgq gy `g dfcyhcy ig~ nqíhcng~ iílmcmym|gdgcy rgqiwg~#

7- Rjh~g ¥ hrr hrrqf|m~mfccgdgcy~ qf|m~mfccgdgcy~ µ ? @g ~gq|mng kg~ymfcchmqg ig~ hrrqf|m~mfccgdgcy~ ifmy lfwqcmq hwz ~gq|mng~ lmchcnmgq~ gy nfdryha`g~ ?  

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@g~ igqcmêqg~ igqcmêqg~ lhnywqg~ ig `”gzgqnmng C# @h `m~yg ig~ nfddhcig~ `m|qíg~ iwqhcy `”gzgqnmng C gy cfc gcnfqg lhnywqíg~, rfwq `gwq nfc~yhyhymfc hw nfdryg lhnywqg~ â qgng|fmq# Wcg hch`}~g gzr`mxwhcy `h ~mywhymfc ig ngqyhmc~ lfwqcm~~gwq~ hlmc ig ow~ymlmgq `h qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ ínhqy~ í|gcywg`~#

<- Rjh~g ¥ Yqí~fqgqmg µ ? Ngyyg rjh~g nfc~m~yg â rqínm~gq rqí nm~gq `g~ dfih`myí~ i”gzínwymfc ig `”mc|gcyhmqg ig~ g~rêng~ gc nhm~~g, `”íyha`m~~gdgcy ig~ íyhy~ ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy ahcnhmqg~ rfwq rgqdgyyqg `h qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ fdm~~mfc~ fw ig~ gqqgwq~ gy `”hrwqgdgcy ig~ fríqhymfc~ gc mc~yhcng gy `g qgn`h~~gdgcy ig~ ~fìg~ qí~miwg`~ ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ hrrqfrqmí~#

;- Rjh~g ¥ hwyqg~ fríqhymfc~ µ ? 

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@g~ dfih`myí~ ig qíh`m~hymfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy ig~ nfdryg~ ig `mhm~fc~ mcygq$wcmyí~# @g~ dfih`myí~ i”hrwqgdgcy ig~ nfdryg~ i”hyygcyg gy ig~ nfdryg~ ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc i”hnyml i”hnyml gy ig rh~~ml#

A# Yqh|hwz nfdryha`g~ ? @”mc|gcyhmqg @”mc|gcyhmqg nfdryha`g n fdryha`g nfc~m~yg â qíh`m~gq `g~ yqh|hwz nm$hrqê~? Gyha`m~~gdgcy i”wc íyhy ig |íqmlmnhymfc imy ah`hcng rqf|m~fmqg fw ah`hcng h|hcy mc|gcyhmqg# H rhqymq ig ngyyg ah`hcng rqf|m~fmqg xwm g~y `g rfmcy ig iírhqy ig~ yqh|hwz nfdryha`g~ i”mc|gcyhmqg, `g nfdryha`g ~g rf~gqh wc ngqyhmc cfdaqg ig xwg~ymfc~ xwg~ymfc~?? 

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@g~ fríqhymfc~ gcqgkm~yqíg~ ihc~ njhnwc ig~ nfdryg~ ig ngyyg ah`hcng mcyíqg~~gcy$g``g~ mcyíqg~~gcy$ g``g~ qíg``gdgcy `”gzgqnmng gc nfwq~ fw } h y$ m` `mgw ig qgrfqygq wcg rhqymg ~wq `”gzgqnmng ~wm|hcy 6 @”gzjhw~ym|myí ig~ fríqhymfc~ qíh`m~íg~ hw nfwq~ ig `”gzgqnmng fcy $g``g~ íyí yfwyg~ gcqgkm~yqíg~ ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ ig ngyyg ah`hcng 6


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@g~ nfdryg~ qgl`êygcy$m`~ `h qíh`myí ~m cfw~ h|mfc~ rqfníií â wc mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg |h`fqm~í 6

8- Gnqmywqg~ ig qgiqg~~gdgcy gy ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc ? Kícíqh`gdgcy, `g~ ínqmywqg~ ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc gc lmc i”gzgqnmng nfcngqcgcy `”hch`}~g nfdryha`g ig~ ? 

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Iírqínmhymfc~ ~wamg~ rhq ngqyhmc~ í`ídgcy~ i”hnyml~ *hdfqym~~gdgcy~ gy rqf|m~mfc~-# Qí~fqrymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~? íyh`gdgcy ihc~ `g ygdr~ ig~ njhqkg~ mdrwyíg~ ihc~ `g nfdryg ¥ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ µ# Njhqkg~ qg~yhcy â r h}gq â `h ihyg ig `”mc|gcyhmqg# Njhqkg~ mcyíqg~~hcy i”hwyqg~ gzgqnmng~ gy xwm fcy íyí qhyyhnjíg~ â ngy gzgqnmng *njhqkg~ nfdryham`m~íg~ nfdryham`m~íg~ i”h|hcng-# Rqfiwmy~ mcyíqg~~hcy `”gzgqnmng `”gzgqnm ng gy cfc gcnfqg nfdryham`m~í~# Rqfiwmy~ c”mcyíqg~~hcy rh~ `”gzgqnmng gy xwm ifm|gcy ïyqg qgrfqyí~ ~wq `”gzgqnmng w`yíqmgwq#

1- Nfqqgnymfc ig~ gqqgwq~ ? @g qgiqg~~gdgcy qgiqg~~gdgcy ig~ ínqmywqg~ gqqfcíg~ fw nfcygchcy ig~ gqqg wq~ ig dfcyhcy fw i”mdrwyhymfc rgwy ~”gllgnywgq ~g`fc `g~ díyjfig~ rqí|wg~ â ngy gllgy, yg``g~ xwg? nfdr`ídgcy â íqf rqínfcm~íg rhq `g RNC, nfcyqg$rh~~hymfc mcyíkqh`, … gyn#

>- Gyha`m~~gdgcy ig `h ah`hcng hrqê~ mc|gcyhmqg ? Hrqê~ `g qíhow~ygdgcy ig~ ~fìg~ gy qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ mdrwyhymfc~ gqqfcíg~, `”íyha`m~~gdgcy ig `h ah`hcng hrqê~ mc|gcyhmqg cg rqí~gcyg hwnwcg imllmnw`yí rhqymnw`mêqg# @g~ yfyhwz iíamy~ gy nqíimy~ ig ngyyg ah`hcng ifm|gcy ïyqg íkhwz â ngwz iw ofwqch` kícíqh`, hqqïyí â ngyyg ihyg#

9- Iíygqdmchymfc iw qí~w`yhy ig `”gzgqnmng ? M` ~”hkmy ig qgkqfwrgq `g~ nfdryg~ ig~ njhqkg~ gy rqfiwmy~ gy ig ~fìgq `g~ nfdryg~ ig qí~w`yhy~ ow~xw”â iíygqdmchymfc iw qí~w`yhy cgy#

7- Gyha`m~~gdgcy iw am`hc gy ifnwdgcy~ hccgzg~# <- N`ùywqg N`ùywqg ig~ nfdryg~ nfdr yg~ gy ofwqchwz# ;- Qífw|gqywqg ig~ `m|qg~ gy nfcyqg rh~~hymfc ig~ nfdryg~ ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc#


Njhrmyqg MM ? @g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ 8- Mc|gcyhmqg ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ M` nfc~m~yg â rh~~gq gc qg|wg â `h lmc ig `”hccíg, â `”fnnh~mfc ig~ yqh|hwz ig n`ùywqg ig am`hc, yfw~ `g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ rf~~í ií~ hnxwm~, nqíg~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g gy xwm ~fcy ig~ymcí~ â qg~ygq iwqha`gdgcy ~fw~ `h dïdg lfqdg rfwq `g~ ag~fmc~ ig `”gzr`fmyhymfc gy cfc rfwq ïyqg |gciw~ fw yqhc~lfqdí~# @”hqymn`g 8; ig `”hqqïyí iw dmcm~yqg ig~ lmchcng~ iw 2> owmc 8=;7 ~ymrw` g xwg ? ¥H `h n`ùywqg ig njhxwg gzgqnmng, `g~ gcyqgrqm~g~ iqg~~gcy wc mc|gcyhmqg |h`fqm~í, nfdr`gy gy iíyhm``í ig `gwq~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ifcy `g lmnjmgq ifmy ïyqg ygcw nfc~yhddgcy â ofwq µ# Ngy mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg |h`fqm~í, xwm ifmy ïyqg gllgnywí hw dfmc~ wcg lfm~ rhq hc, ifmy ïyqg qhrrqfnjí qíkw`mêqgdgcy h|gn `”mc|gcyhmqg nfdryha`g *nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g 1-# M` rgqdgyyqh â `”gcyqgrqm~g ig ~wm|qg rj}~mxwgdgcy gy nfdryha`gdgcy ~g~ df}gc~ ig rqfiwnymfc gy i”fríqgq qíkw`mêqgdgcy `g~ qíkw`hqm~hymfc~ cíng~~hmqg~# @h kg~ymfc kg~ymfc ig ng~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ifmy ïyqg fqkhcm~íg ig dhcmêqg â rgqdgyyqg `g ~wm|m ig `gwq íyhy â njhxwg ríqmfig, i”fý `h cíng~~myí ig `gwq migcymlmnhymfc gy ig `gwq `fnh`m~hymfc# Ng ~wm|m qmkfwqgwz ifmy ïyqg h~~wqí hw dfdgcy ig `”gcyq íg, `”gcyq íg, ig ~fqymg gy `fq~ ig njhxwg dfw|gdgcy# Ngy mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg ~”gllgnywg gc ~mz rjh~g~, â ~h|fmq ? 

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Rqírhqhymfc ig `”fríqhymfc# Qgngc~gdgcy Qgngc~gdgcy rj}~mxwg# \h`fqm~hymfc# Qhrrqfnjgdgcy ig `”mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg h|gn `g~ `m|qg~ nfdryha`g~ # Yqhmygdgcy ig~ ínhqy~# i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy nfcngqcí~# nfcngqcí~# Gnqmywqg~ ig qíhow~ygdgcy ig~ nfdry g~ i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy

8- @”mc|gcyhmqg nfdryha`g ?

N+g~y `+mc|gcyhmqg ig~ íxwmrgdgcy~ gllgnywí â rhqymq ig `h nfdryham`myí ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ fw iw lmnjmgq# Ngy mc|gcyhmqg rqí~gcyg `+mcnfc|ícmgcy dhogwq ig cg lfwqcmq xwg ng xwm â íyí nfc~yhyí gc nfdryham`myí# ^m `g ~}~yêdg i+mclfqdhymfc hnnw~g ig~ iílhm``hcng~ ihc~ `h ~hm~mg ig~ lhmy~ qg`hyml~ hwz mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ngnm ~g qírgqnwyg mcí|myha`gdgcy ~wq `h nfdryham`myí ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~#


Ifcn, rfwq xwg `+mc|gcyhmqg íyha`m â rhqymq ig `h nfdryham`myí qgl`êyg `h qíh`myí, m` lhwy xwg `g ~}~yêdg i+mclfqdhymfc lfcnymfccg rhqlhmygdgcy gc dhymêqg ig ~hm~mg, ig nmqnw`hymfc gy ig yqhmygdgcy ig~ mclfqdhymfc~# 1- @”mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg ?

N+g~y `g qgngc~gdgcy gllgnywí ~wq yfw~ `g~ `mgwz fw rgw|gcy ~g yqfw|gq ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ hrrhqygchcy â `+gcyqgrqm~g5 wcmyí~ ig rqfiwnymfc, njhcymgq~, rhqn~ ig dhyíqmg`, hyg`mgq~ ig qírhqhymfc, dhkh~mc~ gy hmqg~ ig ~yfnehkg, aáymdgcy~ hidmcm~yqhyml~…gyn# hidmcm~yqhyml~… gyn# Ifcn, `+mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg rgqdgy ig nfc~yhygq `+gzm~ygcng qíg``g gy rj}~mxwg ig~ imllíqgcy~ í`ídgcy~ nfdrf~hcy `g rhyqmdfmcg ig `+gcyqgrqm~g# M` ifmy ïyqg gllgnywí ~wq yfw~ `g~ `mgwz fý `+gcyqgrqm~g gzgqng ~fc hnym|myí# M` nfcngqcg `+gc~gda`g ig~ í`ídgcy~ ifcy `+gcyqgrqm~g iíymgcy `h rqfrqmíyí, â ~h|fmq ?        

@g~ ygqqhmc~, nhqqmêqg~ gy km~gdgcy~# @g~ íxwmrgdgcy~ ig rqfiwnymfc# @g~ íxwmrgdgcy~ ~fnmhwz# Gy `g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ gc nfwq~#

H rqmfqm, ~gqfcy gzn`w~ ig `+mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg, `g~ í`ídgcy~ c+h}hcy rh~ wcg gzm~ygcng dhyíqmg``g â ~h|fmq `g~ |h`gwq~ mcnfqrfqg``g~ yg``g~ `g lfci~ ig nfddgqng gy `g~ aqg|gy~# @+mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg ifmy ïyqg gllgnywí hw dfmc~ wcg lfm~ rhq hc gy ihc~ wc ií`hm qg`hym|gdgcy qg`hym|gdg cy nfwqy rfwq cg rh~ rgqywqagq rgqywq agq `+hnym|myí ig `+gcyqgrqm~g `+gcyqgrqm~g # Gc yfwy íyhy ig nhw~g, `+gcyqgrqm~g ~g ifmy i+íyha`mq wcg rqfníiwqg rqínm~g, iíyhm``íg gy hihryíg hwz íxwmrgdgcy~ rf~~íií~# Ngyyg rqfníiwqg ifmy nfcngqcgq `g~ mc~yqwnymfc~ qgxwm~g~ xwhcy?    

H `h rqírhqhymfc ig `+mc|gcyhmqg# Hw iíqfw`gdgcy ig `+mc|gcyhmqg# H `h ~}cyjê~g ig~ mclfqdhymfc~ qgnwgm``mg~# Gy â `+gzr`fmyhymfc ig ng``g nm#

>- @”gzr`fmyhymfc ig `”mc|gcyhmqg ?

@+mc|gcyhmqg ifmy rgqdgyyqg i+hafwymq â wcg ~mywhymfc n`hmqg gy qíg``g iw rhyqmdfmcg ig `+gcyqgrqm~g# Rfwq ng lhmqg, m` } h `mgw ig qhrrqfnjgq `+mc|gcyhmqg nfdryha`g gy `+mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg# @g~ ínhqy~ ifm|gcy ïyqg iíkhkí~ gy yqhmyí~ rfwq xwg `h nfdryham`myí ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ~fmy dm~g â ofwq, qgl`êyg `h qíh`myí gy rgqdgyyg `h rqm~g ig iínm~mfc~ qhymfccg``g~ ihc~ ng ifdhmcg#


9- Mqqíkw`hqmyí ?

@g~ mqqíkw`hqmyí~ rqmcnmrh`g~ ~fcy ? @g~ gqqgwq~ i+mdrwyhymfc~ |f`fcyhmqg~ fw mc|f`fcyhmqg~? Nfdryham`m~hymfc ig `+hnxwm~mymfc i+wc mc|g~ym~~gdgcy hw cm|ghw i+wc nfdryg ig njhqkg~, ngnm rgqdgy i+hdfqymq gc wcg hccíg `+mcyíkqh`myí ig `+mc|g~ym~~gdgcy# @+gcqgkm~yqgdgcy ig amgc~ c+hrrhqygchcy rh~ â `+gcyqgrqm~g, rgqdgyyhcy hmc~m ig kfcl`gq `h ifyhymfc hccwg``g i+hdfqym~~gdgcy gy rhq nfc~íxwgcy, dmcmdm~gq `g qí~w`yhy mdrf~ha`g# @h cfc$nfdryham`m~hymfc ig ng~~mfc~ yg``g xw+g``g g~y rqí|wg rhq `g R#N#C, ngyyg igqcmêqg rgqdgy i+ínjhrrgq â `h yhzg ~wq `g~ r`w~$|h`wg~ ig ng~~mfc# @g~ fdm~~mfc~ ig `m|qhm~fc~ â ~fm$dïdg, rgqdgyyhcy hmc~m, â `+gcyqgrqm~g i+hdfqymq ngyyg `m|qhm~fc gc wcg hccíg# 7- Qgkm~yqg i”mc|gcyhmqg ?

Ng qgkm~yqg g~y lfcií rhq `g~ hqymn`g~ >> gy >9 iw iínqgy C² :;$8>7 iw 21$2<$:; gy rhq `+hqqïyí iw dmcm~yêqg ig~ lmchcng~ iw 18 owm``gy :; lmzhcy `g dfiê`g y}rg iw qgkm~yqg i+mc|gcyhmqg i+faogy~ dfam`mgq~# @g~ lgwm``gy~ ig ng qgkm~yqg ~fcy nfyíg~ gy rhqhrjí~ rhq `g yqmawch`# @g qgkm~yqg i+mc|gcyhmqg ~g rqí~gcyg ~fw~ lfqdg ~wm|hcyg? C² I+mc~nqmrymfc

Ihyg ig rqm~g gc mc|gcyhmqg

Ií~mkchymfc faogy

Rqí|gchcng

\h`gwq

Hllgnyhymf Hllgnyhy mfc c

^^fqymg fqymg

Fa~gq|hymfc Fa~gq|hy mfc

H `+fnnh~mfc ig~ fríqhymfc~ ig n`ùywqg iw am`hc, m` lhwy rqhymxwgq wc mc|gcyhmqg rj}~mxwg, ig `g nfdrhqgq hw lmnjmgq i+mc|g~ym~~gdgcy gy hw qgkm~yqg i+mc|gcyhmqg, gy ifcn ig rqgciqg gc njhqkg yfwyg~ `g~ dfimlmnhymfc~ xwm hllgnygcy gc nfwq~ i+gzgqnmng `g rhqn i+mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ig `+gcyqgrqm~g#


1- @g~ Hdfqym~~gd Hdfqym ~~gdgcy~ gcy~ @”gcyqgrqm~g wym`m~g rfwq ~fc gzr`fmyhymfc iw dhyíqmg`, ig~ dhnjmcg~ ig~ mddgwa`g~… *Mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~-, xwm ~fcy hnjgyíg fw rqfiwmy~ rhq g``g $dïdg, iwqhcy r`w~mgwq~ hccíg~# N”g~y$h N”g~y $h imqg xwg`xwg ~fmy `g dhyíq d hyíqmg`, mg`, wc ofwq ng`wm$nm cg rfwqqh r`w~ lfcnymfccgq, cm wym`m~í, rfwq wcg qhm~fc r`w~ ~mdr`g ? ~fc w~wqg# Gy hwyfdhymxwgdgcy ~h |h`gwq ~gqh qíiwmyg rhq qhrrfqy â ~fc rqmz i”fqmkmcg# Ngyyg imdmcwymfc g~y gc qíh`myí nfc~yhyíg njhxwg hccíg gy ~gqh ~wrrfqyíg rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g# Gy fc rgwy imqg xwg `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy ~g nfc~fddg rhqymg``gdgcy gy ~wqg r`w~mgwq~ hccíg gc lfcnymfc ig `h iwqíg ig |mg ig njhxwg y}rg i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy #ngyyg nfc~fddhymfc g~y hrrg`íg ¥ Hdfqym~~gdgcy µ#

8- Iílmcmymfc ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ hdfqym~~gdg cy~ ? @”hdfqym~~gdgcy g~y wcg nfc~yhymfc~ nfdryha`g ig `h rgqyg ig `h |h`gwq i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy h|gn `g ygdr~ gy xwm rgqdgy ig qgnfc~yqwmqg `”hnyml mc|g~ym# 1- @”mcyíqïy ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ ? `”mcyíqïy ig `h nfc~yhyhymfc ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ g~y ig rgqdgyyqg h `”gcyqgrqm~g ig qgcfw|g`gq ~g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~, gy i”í|mygq ig rh}gq wc mdrùy ~wq wc aícílmng cfc qíh`m~í# >- @”h~rgn y nfdryha`g ? `”hdfqym~~gdgcy rgqdgy ig iíygqdmcgq ? iíygqdmcgq ?  @h rgqyg ig `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy xwm nfcngqcg `”gzr`fmyhymfc, gy fc wym`m~g `g nfdryg <:1 ¥ Ifyhymfc hdfqym~~gdgcy~ µ iíamygwq#  `h imdmcwymfc ig `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy ~gqh rfqyí hw nqíimy iw nfdryg im|m~mfcchmqg hrrg`í 1= ¥ Hdfqym~~gdgcy ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ µ# 9- Iwqíg i”hdfqym~~gdgcy~ ? @g~ iwqíg~ ~fcy hqqïyíg~ rhq `h `fm gy ng gc lfcnymfc iw y}rg i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ Mddgwa`g~ 72 â 822 hc~#  Gxwmrgdgcy~ gy dhyíqmg`~ 82 hc~#  Dhyíqmg`~ ig yqhc~rfqy ig 29 â 27 hc~# 7- Díyjfig~ ig nh`nw` i”hdfqym~~gdgcy~ ? 

h- Hdfqym~~gdgcy nfc~yhcy fw `mcíhmqg ? Ngyyg díyjfig rgqdgy ig iíygqdmcgq `h |h`gwq ig `”hdfqym~~gdgcy gc im|m~hcy `h |h`gwq i”fqmkmcg ~wq `h iwqíg ig |mg `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy, gy ng~ |h`gwq~ ~fcy yfwofwq~ íkh`g~#


\h`gwq i”fqmkmcg

Ifyhymfc hwz hdfqym~~gdgcy~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ 4

Iwqíg Fw Ifyhymfc hwz hd h dfqym~~gdgcy~ 4 \h`gwq i”fqmkmcg Z yhw~ 822 822

Yhwz 4 Iwqíg

Hrqê~ ngyyg iwqíg, `g dfcyhcy yfyh` ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ g~y íkh` h `h |h`gwq i”fqmkmcg ig `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy# Ihc~ `g nh~ fw `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy g~y hnxwm~ hw nfwqhcy ig `”hccíg, `”hdfqym~~gdgcy g~y íxwm|h`gcy h `h iwqíg ig `h ihyg i” hnjhy hw >8&81 ig `”hccíg i”hnjhy# *Lmkwqg 28-# 81 dfm~

2<

28&2;&

21&28&

>8&81&

Hdfqym~~gdgcy

Ihyg i”hnjhy

Hdfqym~~gdgcy *81 d fm~fm~Ifyhymfc 4 1

\h`gwq i”fqmkmcg \h`gwq i”fqmkmcg Z yhwz Z C

Iwqíg

Fw 8122

1

$Lmkwqg $Lmkwqg 28$ 2 8$


@h ifyhymfc ify hymfc i”hdfqym~~gdgcy i”hdfqym~~gdgcy g~y nfc~yhyíg nfc~yhy íg rfwq njhxwg í`ídgcy ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ gc ygchcy nfdryg yfwo y fwofwq~ fwq~ `h ihyg ihy g i”hnxwm~mymfc n+g~y $â$imqg, fc ifmy íyha`mq wcg lmnjg rfwq njhxwg mc|g~ym~~gdgcy xwm nfcymgcy yfw~ `g~ gcqgkm~yqgdgcy~# gcqgkm~yqgdgcy~#

@g yha`ghw i”hdfqym~~gdgcy ~g rqí~gcyg nfddg ~wmyg ? Hccíg

\h`gwq i”fqmkmcg

Ifyhymfc i”hdfqym~~gdgcy

\h`gwq cgyyg nfdryha`g

…… …… …… …… ……

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…… …… …… …… 22#22

∘

a- Hdfqym~~gdgcy qíg` ? H `h lmc ig njhxwg ríqmfig, fc í|h`wg `g~ í`ídgcy~ ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ gy fc iíygqdmcg `g dfcyhcy ig `h iírqínmhymfc gc nfdrhqhcy `h |h`gwq hnywg``g â `h |h`gwq ig `h ríqmfig rqíníigcyg#

@g~ dfcyhcy~ ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy hdfqym~~gdgcy ~fcy ~fw|gcy ~fw|gcy imllíqgcy~ imllíqgcy~ rwm~xwg `h ií|h`whymfc ií|h`why mfc rgwy hwkdgcygq fw imdmcwgq i”wcg hccíg h wcg hwyqg#

n- @”hdfqym~~gdgcy iíkqg~~ml ? @g yhwz i”hdfqym~~gdgcy iíkqg~~ml g~y íkh` hw yhwz i”hdfqym~~gdgcy nfc~yhcy rhq `g nfgllmnmgcy ~g`fc `h iwqíg# M` ~gqh hrr`mxwí â `h |h`gwq cgyyg nfdryha`g# \h`gwq i”hdfqym~~gdgcy

≩ 29 hc~ ‿ 29 hc~ ‽ 2< ≧ 2< hc~

Yhwz i”hdfqym~~gdgcy

Yhw~ i”hdfqym~~gdgcy

nfc~yhcy

iíkqg~~ml

…'

…Z 8#724…

…'

…Z 1#224…

…'

…Z 1#724…


7- @h nfdryham`m~hymfc ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ ? @h nfdryham`m~hymfc nfdryham`m~hymfc ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ rfwq `g~ nfdryg~ nfd ryg~ ¥ 19 µ Gxwmrgdgcy~ ig rqfiwnymfc gy ¥ 17 µ Gxwmrgdgcy~ ~fnmhwz g~y nfddg ~wmyg ? ##&##&##

<:1

######

Ifyhymfc hwz hdfqy# Hdfqy#G#R# ##&##&##

<:1

######

Ifyhymfc hwz hdfqy# Hdfqy#G#^#

1=7

……

@”hdfqy @”hdfqym~~gdgcy m~~gdgcy ig~ hwyqg~ mc|g~ m c|g~ym~~gdgcy~, ym~~gdgcy~, nfc~miíqí gzngrymfccg`, gz ngrymfccg`, n”g~y `g nh~ ig~ ygqqhmc~ gy ig~ |h`gwq~ mcnfqrfqg``g~ *\#M-, `h nfdryham`m~hymfc nfddg ~wmyg ? ##&##&##

<==

######

Ifyhymfc gz# Hdfqy#ygqqhmc~ ##&##&##

<==

######

Ifyhymfc gz#

1=8

Hdfqy#\#M

……

<- Ng~~mfc ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ ? M` hqqm|g rhqlfm~, xwg `”gcyqgrqm~g `”gcyqgrqm~g nêig wc dhyíqmg` rfwq imllíqgcyg~ qhm~fc~ *cfc qgcyha`g, iílhwy~, …gyn#-# … gyn#-# Gy `h |gcyg ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ g~y nfc~miíqíg gzngrymfccg``g, nhq m`~ cg ~fcy rh~ hnjgyí~ ihc~ `g awy ig `g~ qg|gciqg, dhm~ rfwq `”wym`m~hymfc# Ig ng lhmy, `h |gcyg mcygq|mgcy qhq gdgcy qhq gdgcy ihc~ ig~ gcyqgrqm~g~ gy `h nfdryham`m~hymfc ig ng``g$nm ifmy qg~rgnygq r`w~mgwq~ íyhrg~ xwm ~fcy ? 8# Nfdryham`m~hymfc ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ ig `”hccíg ig ng~~mfc, ~m `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy c”g~y rh~ iíoâ hdfqym# 1# Yqhc~lgqy iw yfyh` ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ iw dhyíqmg` nfcngqcí rhq `h ng~~mfc gy ig iíygqdmchymfc ig `h |h`gwq cgyyg gc lhm~hcy `h imllíqgcng gcyqg `h |h`gwq i”fqmkmcg gy `g dfcyhcy yfyh` ig~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~ gc wym`m~hcy, nfdryg <=1 \#Q#M#N *\h`gwq Qí~miwg``g


ig~ Mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ Níií~-# Gy nfc~yhyhymfc ig `h ~fqymg i”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~# ># Gcqgkm~yqgdgcy iw dfcyhcy ig `h |gcyg ihc~ `g nfdryg ;=1 gc nfcyqgrhqymg iw df}gc ig rh}gdgcy# 9# ^m `”gcyqgrqm~g iínmig ig qímc|g~ymq `”mc|g~ym~~gdgcy níií, fc lhmy mcygq|gcmq wc nfdryg 8>82 r`w~ |h`w~ ig ng~~mfc ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~# Ihc~ `g nh~ fw `g nfdryg ;=1 g~y ~wríqmgwq hw nfdryg <=1 gy ng rfwq í|mygq ig rh}gq ig~ mdrùy~ ~wqg ng rqfiwmy qíh`m~í#

@”hdfqym~~gdgcy qhdêcg `g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ â `gwq~ |h`gwq~ qíg``g~ gy imdmcwg `g aícílmng cgy ig `”gcyqgrqm~g# M` rgqdgy â ngyyg ig qcmêqg ig qhnjgygq ig~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ hdfqym~#


>- @g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ? Ig `h ihyg ig `h nqíhymfc â ~h ihyg ig dm~g gc hnym|myí `”gcyqgrqm~g rqfnêig â r`w~mgwq~ fríqhymfc~ xwm ~gqfcy cíng~~hmqg wcg lfm~ xwg `”gcyqgrqm~g nfddgcng â rqfiwmqg, rhqdm ng~ fríqhymfc~, fc rgwy nmygq ? nmygq ? dm~g gc r`hng i”wcg ~yqwnywqg mcygqcg, íywig gy qgnjgqnjg,…gyn# Rfwq ng`h ig~ lqhm~ ~fcy gckhkí, n+g~y $â$imqg xwg ig~ ~fddg~ i”hqkgcy ~fcy gckhkí ~hc~ nfcyqg rhqmg íyhcy ifccí xwg `”gcyqgrqm~g cg rqfiwmy rh~, ifcn m`~ ~fcy nfc~miíqí~ nfddg lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~# Ihyg ig nqíhymfc

Ihyg i”hnym|myí

Lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~

@g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ xwm qgrqí~gcygcy `g nfdryg cwdíqf 12 iw RNC, cg nfc~ymywgcy gc hwnwc nh~ ig~ df}gc~ ig yqh|hm` ig `+gcyqgrqm~g# M`~ cg qgrqí~gcygcy cm wcg nhyíkfqmg ig amgc~ cm wcg nhyíkfqmg nfc~ymywhcy `g rhyqmdfmcg ig `+gcyqgrqm~g# Rhq hm``gwq~, `h nfdryham`myí chymfch`g `g~ mcyêkqg hw cm|ghw ig~ njhqkg~#

8- Iílmcmymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ? @g r`hc nfdryha`g chymfch` `g~ iílmcmy nfddg? ¥ @g~ lqhm~ gckhkí~ hw dfdgcy ig `h nqíhymfc ig `+gcyqgrqm~g, ig `+hnxwm~mymfc ig ~g~ df}gc~ rgqdhcgcy~ rgqdhcgcy~ i+gzr`fm i+gzr`fm yhym yhym fc hmc~m xwg `g~ lqhm~ qg`hyml~ â ~fc ií|g`frrgdgcy fw hw rgqlgnymfccgdgcy ig ~fc hnym|myí µ Ng~ lqhm~ nfdrqgccgcy ? 

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@g~ lqhm~ qg`hyml~ hw rhnyg ~fnmh` ~fcy `g~ lqhm~ ig nfc~ymywymfc, i+hwkdgcyhymfc fw ig qíiwnymfc iw lfci~ ~fnmh`, hmc~m xwg `g~ lqhm~ ig rqfqfkhymfc ig ~fnmíyí, ig yqhc~lfqdhymfc ig lw~mfc fw i+fríqhymfc~ h~~mdm`íg~# @g~ lqhm~ i+mc|g~ym~~gdgcy nfdrqgccgcy gzn`w~m|gdgcy `g~ iqfmy ig dwyhymfc, `g~ jfcfqhmqg~ fw nfddm~~mfc~ gy `g~ lqhm~ i+hnyg ~wq mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~# @g~ lqhm~ i+gdrqwcy ~fcy ngwz xwm ~fcy gzrf~í~ â `+fnnh~mfc ig `h ~fw~nqmrymfc ig~ gdrqwcy~ hmc~m xwg `g~ mcyíqïy~ mcygqnh`hmqg~#




@g~ lqhm~ ig lfcnymfccgdgcy hcyíqmgwq~ hw iídhqqhkg nfdrqgccgcy `g~ njhqkg~ gckhkíg~ rqíh`ha`gdgcy â `+gzr`fmyhymfc ig `+gcyqgrqm~g fw ig ~g~ hnym|myí~ cfw|g``g~#

1- Lfcnymfccgdgcy ig nfdryg ig lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ? @g r`hc nfdryha`g chymfch` nfc~m~yg â gcqgkm~yqgq `g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ hw cm|ghw ig~ njhqkg~ rhq chywqg iwqhcy `+gzgqnmng rfwq gc~wmyg `g~ yqhc~líqgq ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ nfd ryg~ im|m~mfcchmqg~ mcyíqg~~í~ mcyíq g~~í~ iw nfdryg nfd ryg rqmcnmrh` ¥ Lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ µ# @g~ nfdryg~ im|m~mfcchmqg~ 122 â 12: ~fcy? 

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122 ¥ 128 ¥ 121 ¥ 12> ¥ 129 ¥ 127 ¥ 12: ¥

Lqhm~ qg`hyml~ hw rhnyg ~fnmh` µ# Lqhm~ i+gdrqwcy µ# Lqhm~ i+mc|g~ym~~gdgcy µ# Lqhm~ ig lfqdhymfc rqflg~~mfccg``g µ# Lqhm~ ig lfcnymfccgdgcy hcyíqmgwq~ hw iídhqqhkg µ# Lqhm~ i+íywig gy ig qgnjgqnjg~ µ# Lqhm~ gzngrymfccg`~ µ#

Ng~ nfdryg~ nfdryg~ ~fcy iíamyí~ ií amyí~ rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdry nfd ryg g ;7 ¥ Yqhc~lgqy ig njhqkg~ ig rqfiwnymfc µ fw iw nfdryg ;: ¥ Yqhc~lgqy ig njhqkg~ i+gzr`fmyhymfc µ iw dfcyhcy ig~ ig~ njhqkg~ njhqkg~ xwm ifm|gcy ïyqg qírhqymg~ ~wq r`w~mgwq~ gzgqnmng~, gzgqnmn g~, gy xwm fcy íyí iíoâ gcqgkm~yqíg~ ~g`fc `gwq chywqg qg~rgnym|g ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ <2 â <:# Gc hwnwc nh~, `g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ cg ~fcy rfqyí~ imqgnygdgcy hwz nfdryg~ 122 â 12:#

>- Nfc~yhyhymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ? Gc nfc~yhyg ng~ lqhm~ ihc~ ig~ nfdryg~ mcyíqg~~í~, rwm~ `g yqhc~lgqy |gq~ `g nfdryg 12 ¥ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg µ, nfddg ~wmyg ? 

Nfc~yhyhymfc ig~ lqhm~ ? ##&##&##

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Igyyg~ i”zr`fmyhymfc

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Yqhc~lgqy Yqhc~lgqy ? ##&##&##

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Lqhm~ Lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~# rqí`m dmchmqg~# Yqhc#nj#rqf#

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1gdg fríqhymfc ? ##&##&##

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Lqhm~ ig rgq~fcg`

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Lqhm~ Lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~# rqí`m dmchmqg~# Yqhc#nj#i”gzr`#

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9- Qí~fqrymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ? Nfddg ng~ lqhm~, ifm|gcy ïyqg yqhc~líqí~ |gq~ `h n`h~~g 1 ¥ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ µ# Gc ifmy â njhxwg lmc i”hccíg nfc~yhygq wcg qí~fqrymfc, nfddg ~wmyg ? >8&81&

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Ifyhymfc~ Ifyhymfc~ gzngrymfcc gzn grymfccg``g g``g~~

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Qí~fqrymfc#ig~ lqhm~ r#

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@h qí~fqrymfc ig~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ cg ifmy gc hwnwc nh~ iírh~~gq 7 hc~# Ig~ xwg `g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ ~fcy qí~fqaí~, fc hccw`g `g nfdryg~ 12 z g c rh~~hcy rh~~hcy h `”ínqmywqg ~wm|hcyg ? Uhw >8&81 ig igqcmêqg hccíg ig qí~fqrymfcT# >8&81&

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Qí~fqrymfc ig~ l#R#

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Lqhm~ Lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~ rqí`m dmchmqg~

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ig~ njhqkg~

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^njídhym~hymfc ^njídhym~hymfc `g~ lqhm~ rqí`mdmchmqg~

^fwqng ? `h nfdryham`myí kícíqh`g hrrqflfcimg „ íimy `g~ rhkg~ a`gwg~# a `gwg~#

Ng~ iírgc~g~ mdrfqyhcyg~ gckhkíg~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g ~gqfcy qgrhqymg~ ~wq r`w~mgwq~ gzgqnmng~ kqáng~ â `h qí~fqrymfc ig~ lqhm~, ng xwm rgqdgy ig rfqygq â njhxwg gzgqnmng `h rhqy xwm `wm qg|mgcy#


Njhrmyqg MMM ? Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ ~yfne~ Gc lmc ig njhxwg ríqmfig, fc ifmy ~”h~~wqgq xwg `g~ ~fìg~ iíamygwq~ ig~ nfdryg~ qgrqí~gcygcy `h |h`gwq ig~ dhqnjhcim~g~ lfwqcmywqg~ dhymêqg~ gy rqfiwmy~ lhaqmxwí~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g# H`fq~, `g~ yqh|hwz ig lmc ig ríqmfig nfcngqchcy `h >êdg n`h~~g, nfc~m~ygcy â how~ygq `g~ ~fìg~ ig nfdryg ig ~yfne h|gn `”gzm~yhcy gy `h |h`gwq iw ~yfne hw nfõy qíg`#

8- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc iw nfdryg >: ¥ Hnjhy~ µ @g nfdryg ¥ >: µ ifmy yfwofwq~ ïyqg ~fìí gc lmc ig ríqmfig, ~”m` c”g~y rh~ ~fìí igwz nh~ ~g qgrqí~gcyg ? 8#

@g nfdryg ¥ Hnjhy~ ¥ Hnjhy~ µ rqí~gcyg wc ~fìg iíamygwq, n”g~y â imqg xw”fc h qgëw `h lhnywqg dhm~ rh~ `g~ dhqnjhcim~g~# 1# @g nfdryg nfdryg ¥ Hnjhy~ µ rqí~gcy wc ~fìg nqíimygwq, n”g~y â imqg xw”fc h qgëw `g~ dhqnjhcim~g~ dhm~ rh~ `h lhnywqg#

@h qíkw`hqm~hymfc ? 8# M` lhwy nqíimygq `g nfdryg ¥ Hnjhy~ µ gc iíamyhcy `g nfdryg ¥ >; Dhqnjhcim~g~ â gzyíqmgwq µ# gzyíqmgwq µ# >8&81&

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Dhqnjhcim~g~ â `”gzy# Hnjhy~

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1# M` lhwy iíamygq `g nfdryg ¥ Hnjhy ¥ Hnjhy µ gc nqíimyhcy nqíimy hcy `g nfdryg i”hyygcyg ¥ 7>: Lhnywqg â qgng|fmq µ# qgng|fmq µ# >8&81&

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Hnjhy~

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Lhnywqg Lhnywqg â qgng|fmq

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1- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ |gcy |g cyg~ g~ Fc rgwy h|fmq igwz nh~ ? 8# Dhqnjhcim~g~ gc|f}íg~, cfc lhnywqíg~, n”g~y â imqg xwg `g~ rqfiwmy~ fcy íyí `m|qí~ â ig~ n`mgcy~, dhm~ â `h lmc ig `”gzgqnmng `g~ lhnywqg~ c”fcy rh~ gcnfqg íyí íyha`mg~ gy gc|f}íg~# 1# Lhnywqg~ gc|f}íg~ dhm~ rh~ `g~ dhqnjhcim~g~, n”g~y â imqg xwg `g ~ lhnywqg~ fcy íyí íyha`mg~ gy gc|f}íg~ â ig~ n`mgcy~ dhm~ `g~ dhqnjhcim~g~ nfqqg~rfcihcyg~ cg `gwq fcy íyí rh~ `m|qíg~#

@h qíkw`hqm~hymfc ? 8# Fc iíamyg `g nfdryg ¥9;: lhnywqg~ â íyha`mq µ íyha`mq µ rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdryg ¥ ;82 rqfiwnymfc |gciwg µ# >8&81&

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Lhnywqg â íyha`mq Rqfiwnymfc \gciw

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1# Fc ifmy nfc~yhygq `h ~fqymg iw ~yfne, dh`kqí xwg `g~ rqfiwmy~ ~fcy gcnfqg rj}~mxwgdgcy, nhq m`~ cg ~fcy r`w~ â `h rqfrqmíyí ig `”gcyqgrqm~g, gy ng`h rhq `g iíamy iw nfdryg ¥ ;12 Rqfiwnymfc ~yfneíg µ gy `g nqíimy iw nfdryg ¥ >72 Rqfiwmy~ lmcm~ µ# >8&81&

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Rqfiwnymfc ~yfneíg Rqfiwmy~ Rqfiwmy~ lmcm~ lm cm~

>- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig `h |h`gwq ig~ ~yfneg ? Rfwq amgc |h`fqm~gq `g~ ~yfne~, m` lhwy i”hafqi |h`fqm~gq `g~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig~ ~yfne~ yfwy hw `fck ig `”hccíg, rwm~ |h`fqm~gq `g ~yfne lmch` ig `h ríqmfig# H- \h`fqm~hymfc ig~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig ~yfne ?

@”gcyqgrqm~g g~y `maqg i”g~ymdgq `g nfõy n fõy ig rqfiwnymfc h|gn `gxwg` g``g gcqgkm~yqg `g~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig ~yfne, gy rfwq ig~ qhm~fc~ rqhymxwg~, g``g g~y hdgcíg â wym`m~gq iwqhcy `h ríqmfig wc nfõy ~yhcihqi, nhq g``g cg rgwy rh~ nh`nw`gq `g nfõy qíg` ig `h rqfiwnymfc rfwq njhxwg gcyqíg gy ~fqymg ig~ rqfiwmy~ lhaqmxwí~#


Hrqê~ h|fmq nh`nw`gq `g nfõy ~yhcihqi, `”gcyqgrqm~g h `g njfmz i”wym`m~gq wcg ig~ yqfm~ díyjfig~ rfwq gcqgkm~yqgq `g~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig ~yfne iwqhcy `h ríqmfig# 

8gq díyjfig ? LMLF *Lmq~y mc lmq~y fwy& Rqgdmgq gcyqí, rqgdmgq ~fqym-

Ihc~ ngyyg díyjfig m` lhwy í|h`wgq `g~ ~fqymg~ hw nfõy ig~ rqgdmêqg~ gcyqíg~ *fc nfddgcëhcy rhq `g ~yfne mcmymh`-# 

1êdg díyjfig ? @MLF *@h~y mc lmq~y fwy& Igqcmgq gcyqí, rqgdmgq ~fqym-

Fc í|h`wg `g~ ~fqymg~ hw nfõy ig~ igqcmêqg~ gcyqíg~, n”g~y â imqg `g~ rq fiwmy~ rq fiwmy~ `g~ r`w~ qíngcy~ gcyqí~ cg ~yfne rh~# 

>êdg díyjfig ? NDWR *Nfõy df}gc wcmyhmqg rfciíqí-

Fc nh`nw`g wc nfõy df}gc wcmyhmqg hrqê~ njhxwg gcyqíg gc ~yfne, *X 2,N2-,*X 8,N8-,*X 1,N1-,…

NWDR8 4

X 2 Z N 2 % X 8 Z N 8 X 2 % X 8

NWDR1 4

X 8 Z N 8 % X 1 Z N 1 X 8 % X 1

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X c ? Xwhcymyí Xwhcymyí ig~ i g~ hcnmgc~ rqfiwmy~ gcyqí~ gc ~yfne X c%8 ? Xwhcymyí Xwhcymyí ig~ i g~ igqcmgq~ rqfiwmy~ gcyqí~ gcyqí ~ gc ~yfne ~yfne N c ? Nfõy ig~ hcnmgc~ rqfiwmy~ gcyqí~ gc ~yfne N c%8 ? Nfõy ig~ igqcmgq~ rqfiwmy~ r qfiwmy~ gcyqí~ gc ~yfne ~yfne

A- \h`fqm~hymfc ig~ gzm~ygcng~ ? @g~ ~yfne~ ig~ rqfiwmy~ ~gdm$fw|qí~, `g~ yqh|hwz gc nfwq gy `g~ rqfiwmy~ lmcm~ ifm|gcy ïyqg í|h`wí~ hw nf õy ig rqfiwnymfc *nfõy i”hnjhy ig~ rqfiwmy~ dm~g gc Şw|qg % `g~ njhqkg~ imqgnyg~ gy mcimqgnyg~ gckhkíg~ rhq `gwq lhaqmnhymfc-# ^m wc ínhqy g~y rhqhãy gcyqg `g ~yfne ig lmc ig ríqmfig í|h`wí hw nfõy ~yhcihqi, gy ng`wm xwm g~y í|h`wí hw nfõy qíg`, ihc~ ng nh~ `g dínhcm~dg ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ dfw|gdgcy~ gy ig~ ~fìg~ g~y lfcií ~wq `g~ íxwhymfc~ ~wm|hcyg~ ? ^q 4 * Cg „ C~ -Û Nq 4 *C g Û Nq - „ *C~ Û Nq ^q 4 *C gÛ N~y - ¸ *CgÛ G-$*C~Û N~y - ¸ *C~ Û G-


M` ~wllmy ig iíygqdmcgq ¥ G µ rfwq qíkw`hqm~gq ? @g~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig~ gcyqíg~ ? ¸ *C gÛ G@g~ dfw|gdgcy~ ig~ ~fqymg~ ? ¸ *C ~Û G-

9- @”mc|gcyhmqg mcygqdmyygcy ? ^wq gzngrymfc ~rínmh`g hnnfqiíg rhq `g dmcm~yêqg ig~ lmchcng~, Ngqyhmcg~ gcyqgrqm~g~, rfwq iíygqdmcgq ~fc qí~w`yhy, ifmy íyha`mq gc lmc ig ríqmfig wc qgngc~gdgcy gy wcg í|h`whymfc ig ng~ amgc~ gc dhkh~mc# Ngyyg díyjfig ~”hrrg``g ~”hrrg``g ¥ `”mc|gcyhmqg mcygqdmyygcy µ# Iwqhcy `h ríqmfig, `g~ nfdryg~ ig ~yfne cg ~fcy rh~ dfw|gdgcyí~# Fc qgyqfw|g `h nfc~fddhymfc ig njhxwg rqfiwmy rhq `h lfqdw`g ? Nfc~fddhymfc 4 ~yfne mcmymh` % Hnjhy~ „ ~yfne lmch`

Gcqgkm~yqgdgcy~ nfdryha`g ? 

Iíawy i”gzgqnmng ? `g~ nfdryg~ ¥ >2 â >; µ ~fcy iíamyí~ ig `h |h`gwq ig~ gzm~yhcy~ qíg`~ lmkwqhcy hw am`hc ig n`ùywqg ig `”gzgqnmng rqíníigcy#

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¥ Hnjhy~ µ g~y iíamyí iw dfcyhcy Hw nfwq~ ig `”gzgqnmng ? `g nfdryg >: ¥ Hnjhy~ ig~ hnjhy~ gy ig~ lqhm~ hnng~~fmqg~ rhq `g nqíimy ig~ nfdryg~ ¥ lfwqcm~~gwq~ µ#

 lmc i”gzgqnmng ? `g~ nfdryg~ ig ~yfne~ ~fcy iíamyí~ ig `h |h`gwq ig~

gzm~yhcy~ qíg`~ rhq `g nqíimy nfc~fddíg~ µ fw <8 ¥ Dhymêqg~ fw ;1 ¥ rqfiwnymfc ~yfneíg µ#

ig~ gy

nfdryg~ nf dryg~ <2 lfwqcmywqg~

¥ Dhqnjhcim~g~ nfc~fddíg~ µ

Ng~ nfdryg~ ~fcy nqíimyí~ ig `h |h`gwq ig iíawy i”gzgqnmng rhq `g iíamy ig~ nfdryg~ ¥ <2, <8 fw ;1 µ @g nfdryg >: ¥ Hnjhy~ ¥ Hnjhy~ µ g~y ~fìí rhq `g iíamy ig~ nfdryg~ ¥ <2 fw <8 µ#


Njhrmyqg M\ ? @g~ nqíhcng~ 8- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ ? @g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g 9 ¥ Nqíhcng~µ Nqíhcng~µ qgrqí~gcygcy `g~ hnyml~ ig `”gcyqgrqm~g hwyqg xwg `g~ mc|g~ym~~gdgcy~ gy `g~ ~yfne~# @g~ nqíhcng~ qgrqí~gcygcy ig~ ~fddg~ i”hqkgcy xwg `”gcyqgrqm~g qgng|qh xwhci g``g | fwiqh lhmqg |h`fmq ~g~ iqfmy~# Yfwy í|ícgdgcy, xwm rgwy nfdrqfdgyyqg ngyyg í|gcywh`myí, ifmy ïyqg gcqgkm~yqí# @h nfdryham`myí ifmy yqhiwmqg `h iírqínmhymfc ig `h nqíhcng# @g~ í|ícgdgcy~ xwm rgw|gcy qgdgyyqg gc nhm~~g `h |h`gwq nfdryha`g i”wc í`ídgcy ig `”hnyml cg ~g `mdmygcy rh~ hwz gllgy~ ~wq `g~ ~gw`g~ nqíhcng~#

1- Hwyqg~ qíkw`hqm~hymfc~ @g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 9 µ gcqgkm~yqgcy ig~ gdr`fm~ qí|gq~ma`g~5 `gwq ~fìg ifmy ïyqg cfqdh`gdgcy iíamygwq# Hwyqgdgcy `g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 7 µ gcqgkm~yqgcy ig~ qg~~fwqng~ mqqí|gq~ma`g~5 `gwq ~fìg ifmy ïyqg nqíimygwq# Ngrgcihcy, ngqyhmc~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 9 µ rqí~gcygcy wc ~fìg nqíimygwq, gy ngqyhmc~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 7 µ rqí~gcygcy wc ~fìg iíamygwq# H`fq~, hlmc ig rqí~gcygq wc am`hc fý, yfw~ `g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 9 µ hmgcy wc ~fìg iíamygwq, gy yfw~ `g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 7 µ hmgcy wc ~fìg nqíimygwq ? $

Fc qíkw`hqm~g qíkw`hqm~g `g~ ~fìg~ iíamygwq~ ig~ nfdryg~ nfdryg ~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 7 µ rhq `g nfdryg 92 ¥ Nfdryg~ iíamygwq~ iw rh~~ml µ# rh~~ml µ#

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Fc qíkw`hqm~g `g~ ~fìg~ nqíimygwq~ ig~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 9 µ rhq `g nfdryg 72 ¥ Nfdryg~ nqíimy nqíimygwq~ gwq~ ig `”hnyml `”hnyml µ#


Njhrmyqg \ ? @g~ rqf|m~mfc~ 8- Iílmcmymfc @g~ rqf|m~mfc~ ~fcy `míg~ hwz rqmcnmrg~ ig rqwigcng gy i+hwyfcfdmg ig `”gzgqnmng# M` ~+hkmy i+hrrhw|qm~~gdgcy~ rqfaha`g~ *mcngqymywig ihc~ `h qíh`m~hymfc- â qhyyhnjgq â `+gzgqnmng nhq m`~ qí~w`ygcy i+í|ícgdgcy~ ~wq|gcw~ fw gc nfwq~ â `h n`ùywqg ig `+gzgqnmng, igwz nh~ rf~~ma`g~ ? Njhqkg rqfaha`g#

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Imdmcwymfc rqfaha`g ig |h`gwq i+wc amgc#

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8# Njhqkg~ rqfaha`g~ ? M` lhwy nfc~yhygq `h njhqkg, `h nfcyqgrhqymg g~y wcg igyyg *fríqhymfc ig|hcy h|fmq wcg mcl`wgcng ~wq `g qí~w`yhy-# Ng~ njhqkg~ rqfaha`g~ ~fcy ? 

Mcigdcmyí~ *`mymkg~-#



Qírhqhymfc~ *khqhcymg~ ifccíg~ hwz n`mgcy~-#

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Rgqyg~ ig njhckg…

@g~ nfdryg~ nfcngqcí~ ~fcy ? Wc nfdryg ig njhqkg~ *ifyhymfc~ hwz rqf|m~mfc~ & njhqkg rqfaha`g- hw iíamy iwxwg` |mgcy ~”mc~nqmqg `g dfcyhcy ig~ ifyhymfc~#

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Wc nfdryg ig igyyg~ *rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq qm~xwg~ & igyyg rqfaha`g- hw nqíimy iwxwg` hrrhqhm~~gcy `g~ dïdg~ ~fddg~#

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1# Imdmcwymfc rqfaha`g ig | h`gwq i”wc amgc ? M` lhwy nfc~yhygq `h imdmcwymfc ig |h`gwq *g~ymdíg- iw amgc 5 m` ~”hkmy rfwq `”gcyqgrqm~g i”wc hrrhw|qm~~gdgcy? hrrhw|qm~~gdgcy ? `h nfcyqgrhqymg ~gqh ifcn wc nfdryg ig njhqkg#  

@g~ amgc~ nfcngqcí~ ~fcy ? $

mddfam`m~hymfc~#

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~yfne~#

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nqíhcng~#

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|h`gwq~ dfam`mêqg~ ig r`hngdgcy#


@”gcyqgrqm~g ifmy nfc~gq|gq `g dfcyhcy mcmymh` iw amgc gy gcqgkm~yqgq `h rqf|m~mfc ihc~ wc nfdryg â rhqy#  

@g~ nfdryg~ nfcngqcí~ ~fcy ? $

1= ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ mddfam`m~hymfc~ µ#

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>= ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ ~yfne~ µ#

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9= ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ µ#

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7= ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ r`hngdgcy µ#

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<: ¥ Ifyhymfc hwz rqf|m~mfc~ µ#

rfwq

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dfam`mêqg~

ig

Nfddg rfwq `g~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~, m` lhwy nfc~miíqgq xwg n+g~y `+gc~gda`g ig~ igwz nfdryg~, qgrqí~gcyhcy `g amgc iírqínmí, xwm hwkdgcyg â khwnjg gy imdmcwg â iqfmyg#

1- Cíng~~myí ig `h nfc~ymywymfc ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ ? Gc |gqyw ig~ rqmcnmrg~ ig `h nfcymcwmyí ig `”gzr`fmyhymfc gy ig `”mciírgcihcng ig~ ríqmfig~ nfdryha`g~, `g~ rqf|m~mfc~ ifm|gcy ïyqg nfc~ymywíg~ rfwq xwg `g~ ifnwdgcy~ nfdryha`g~ rqí~gcygcy `h ~mywhymfc qíg``g ig `”gcyqgrqm~g, dïdg gc nh~ i”ha~gcng ig aícílmng#

>- Qù`g ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ rqf|m~mfc~ ? 

Ínfcfdmxwg ? @h rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc rgqdgy ig qhdgcgq â `gwq |h`gwq qíg``g `g~ í`ídgcy~ i”hnyml~ iírqínmí~# iírqínmí~ #

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Lmchcnmgq ? @h ifyhymfc hwz rqí|m~mfc~ rgqdgy ig nfc~ymywgq ig~ lfci~ gc |wg ig nfw|qmq wcg njhqkg fw wc hdfmciqm~~gdgcy ig |h`gwq i”wc í`ídgcy hnyml#

9- Dfih`myí i”hrr`mnhymfc rqhymxwg ? 8- Rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ ~yfne~ ? Fc h nfc~yhyí â `h ~wmyg i”wc mc|gcyhmqg xwg `h |h`gwq qíg``g ig~ ~yfne~ g~y mclíqmgwqg â `gwq nfõy qíg` i”hnjhy gy ng`h iwg â `h iíyíqmfqhymfc lfqywmyg, fw â `h ahm~~g iw nfõy ig `h dhymêqg rqgdmêqg, â ngyyg iírqínmhymfc `”gcyqgrqm~g ifmy nfc~ymywgq ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ ~yfne~ 5 Ng~ rqf|m~mfc~ ifm|gcy ïyqg lmkwqgq â `”hnyml iw am`hc, gc imiwnymfc ig `h |h`gwq ig~ rf~yg~ nfcngqcí~,


g``g~ ~fcy rfqyíg~ hw nqíimy iw nfdryg >= ¥ rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ ~yfne~ µ rhq `g iíamy iw nfdryg <== ¥ ifyhymfc~ gzngrymfccg``g~ gzngrymfccg``g~ µ#

1- Rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ n`mgcy~ ? @fq~xw+wc n`mgcy rqí~gcyg ig~ iílhm``hcng~ hw cm|ghw iw qêk`gdgcy, m` lhwy gcqgkm~yqgq `h yfyh`myí ig `h nqíhcng ifcy `g qêk`gdgcy g~y `mymkmgwz, rhq `g iíamy iw nfdryg <== ¥ Ifyhymfc~ Ifyhymfc~ gzngrymfccg``g~ µ gy nqíimy iw nfdryg 9= ¥ rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ µ# @h rqf|m~mfc g~y nh`nw`íg â rhqymq iw dfcyhcy jfq~ yhzg ig `h nqíhcng# Gc gllgy, `h yhzg ~wq `h |h`gwq hofwyíg *Y\H- g~y |gq~íg â `+íyhy hw dfdgcy ig `+gcqgkm~yqgdgcy ig `h lhnywqg gy gc nh~ i+mdrh}í, `+gcyqgrqm~g rgwy qínwríqgq `h yhzg nfqqg~rfcihcy â `h ~fddg cfc gcnhm~~íg#

>- Rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ ymyqg~ ? Fc h nfc~yhyí â `h ~wmyg i”wc mc|gcyhmqg, xwg `h |h`gwq qíg``g ig~ ymyqg~ g~y mclíqmgwqg rhq qhrrfqy â `gwq |h`gw q i”hnjhy, ihc~ ng nh~ `”gcyqgrqm~g ifmy nfc~ymywgq wcg rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc iírqínmhymf c ig~ ig~ ymyqg~# Fc rqínm~hcy xwg `h dfmc~ |h`wg ~gqh íkh`g â `h imllíqgcng gcyqg `h |h`gwq qíg``g gy `gwq rqmz i”hnxwm~mymfc# Ng~ rqf|m~mfc~ ~fcy nfdryham`m~íg~ hw iíamy iw nfdryg <== ¥ Ifyhymfc~ gzngrymfccg``g~ µ rhq `g nqíimy ~w nfdryg 9= ¥ Rqf|m~mfc rfwq iírqínmhymfc ig~ nqíhcng~ µ#

9- Rqf|m~mfc rfwq rgqyg~ gy njhqkg~ ? Ng y}rg ig rqf|m~mfc~ g~y imllíqgcy ig~ hwyqg~ rqf|m~mfc~, nhq m` nfcngqcg ig~ rgqyg~ gy ig~ njhqkg~ rqí|m~ma`g~, h`fq~, ng~ rqf|m~mfc~ nfc~ymywgcy ig~ igyyg~ rqfaha`g~ gy xwg `”gcyqgrqm~g ~fmy ig|hcy `”fa`mkhymfc ig `g~ lhmqg gcqgkm~yqgq ihc~ `g ~fwnm ig lhmqg hrrhqhãyqg `g rh~~ml gzmkma`g hw dhzmdh` ig `”gcyqgrqm~g# @g dfcyhcy ig `h rqf|m~mfc ifmy nfqqg~rfciqg hw dfcyhcy ig `h njhqkg rqí|wg ? $

Rqf|m~mfc rfwq rgqyg rqfaha`g ? dfcyhcy ig `h iírgc~g fw iw qm~xwg#

$

Rqf|m~mfc rfwq njhqkg~ â qgrhqymq ~wq r`w~mgwq~ gzgqnmng~ ? dfcyhcy ig `h lqhnymfc ig `h njhqkg xwm ~g qhrrfqyg â `”gzgqnmng#

Fc im~ymckwg igwz nfdryg~ im|m~mfcchmqg~ rfwq ng y}rg ig rqf|m~mfc ? 

Nfdryg 8=2 ¥ Rqf|m~mfc rfwq rgqyg~ rqfaha`g~ µ ? Fc nfc~yhyg xwg `g qm~xwg ig rgqyg g~y `mí hwz lhnygwq~ xwm nfciwm~gcy `”gc|mqfccgdgcy ig `”gcyqgrqm~g â iíyhm``gq `g~ qm~xwg~ gy `g~ hrr`mnhymfc~# Fc rgwy ymqgq xwg`xwg~ qm~xwg~ nfddg ?


$

Ig~ njhqkg~ ~wrrfqyíg~ â `”fnnh~mfc ig `mymkg~ h|gn ig~ ymgq~ ig `”gcyqgrqm~g#

$

@g~ qm~xwg~ ig njhckg nfwqhcy â `h ~wmyg i”fríqhymfc~ qíh`m~íg~ h|gn ig~ ymgq~ cfc qí~mihcy~#

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Nfdryg8=7 ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ â qgrhqymq ~wq r`w~mgwq~ gzgqnmng~ µ? Nfcyqhmqgdgcy hw rqíníihcy, ng y}rg nfqqg~rfci â ig~ njhqkg~ rqí|m~ma`g~ xwm íyhcy ifccí xwg `gwq~ chywqg~, `gwq mdrfqyhcng cg

~hwqhmy â ïyqg ~wrrfqyíg~ xw”hw nfwq~ iw ~gw` gzgqnmng fw g``g~ ~fmgcy gckhkíg~, `g r`w~ ~hwcgcy, m` ~”hkmy ig rqf|m~mfc~ nfc ~ymywíg~ gc qí~gq|g~ ig kf~~g qírhqymymfc~# @g dfcyhcy ig `h njhqkg ~wrrfqyíg rhq `”gzgqnmng gc nfwq~ g~y mc~nqmy hw iíamy iw nfdryg <:7 ¥ Ifyhymfc~ hwz rqf|m~mfc~ µ rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdryg 8=7 ¥ Rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq njhqkg~ â qírhqymq ~wq r`w~mgwq~ gzgqnmng~ µ# @fq~xwg `h njhqkg rqí|wg ~g qíh`m~g, g``g ~gqhmy gcqgkm~yqíg ihc~ `g nfdryg mcyíqg~~í ig `h n`h~~g ¥ 2< µ hw iíamy, gc nfcyqgrhqymg, `g nfdryg ig rqf|m~mfc g~y iíamyí rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdryg ;7 ¥ Yqhc~lgqy ig~ njhqkg~ ig rqfiwnymfc µ fw ;: ¥ Yqhc~lgqy ig~ njhqkg~ i”gzr`fmyhymfc µ, gy í|gcywg``gdgcy rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdryg ;=< ¥ Qgrqm~g ig~ njhqkg~ ig~ gzgqnmng~ hcyíqmgwq~ µ rfwq `g dfcyhcy ig `”gznêigcy ig `h rqf|m~mfc ~wq `h njhqkg gllgnym|g#

7- Qíhow~ygdgcy ig~ rqf|m~mfc~ rfwq iírqínmhymfc ? @fq~xwg `”í`ídgcy ig `”hnyml iírqínmg â `h lmc i”gzgqnmng gc nfwq, rwm~ ig~ ríqmfig~ w`yíqmgwqg~, fc g~ymdg â cfw|ghw `g dfcyhcy ig `h rqf|m~mfc, fc g~y hmc~m hdgcí â hwkdgcygq, imdmcwgq fw hccw`gq `h rqf|m~mfc#


Njhrmyqg \M ? Qíkw` Qí kw`hqm hqm~hymfc ~hymfc ig~ njhqkg~ gy ig~ rqfiwmy~ rqf iwmy~ Gc hrr`mnhymfc iw rqmcnmrg ig `”í|migcng ig~ lhmy~, hw nfwq~ ig `h ríqmfig nfdryha`g, `g~ fríqhymfc~ fcy íyí gcqgkm~yqíg~ ~wq `h ah~g ig~ ifnwdgcy~ ow~ymlmnhyml~# Gc lmc ig `h ríqmfig, xwhyqg nh~ rgw|gcy ~g rqí~gcygq ? 

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Ig~ njhqkg~ xwm nfcngqcgcy `”gzgqnmng c”fcy rh~ gcnfqg íyí gcqgkm~yqíg~# Ig~ njhqkg~ fcy íyí gcqgkm~yqíg~ rhq chywqg ihc~ `g~ nfdryg~ ig `h n`h~~g < ¥ njhqkg~ µ `fq~ ig `”gckhkgdgcy ig `h iírgc~g, dhm~, `h yfyh`myí fw wcg rhqymg ig ng~ njhqkg~ cg nfcngqcgcy rh~ `”gzgqnmng nfc~miíqí# Ig~ rqfiwmy~ xwm nfcngqcgcy `”gzgqnmng c”fcy rh~ íyí nfdryham`m~í~# Ig~ rqfiwmy~ cg nfcngqcgcy rh~ `”gzgqnmng gc nfwq fcy íyí gcqgkm~yqí~ ~wq `h ah~g ig~ ifnwdgcy~ ow~ymlmnhyml~#

8- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ njhqkg~ ? M` nfc|mgcy ig qírhqymq `g~ njhqkg~ gcyqg `g~ imllíqgcy~ gzgqnmng~, ig dhcmêqg â qhyyhnjgq â `”gzgqnmng xwg `g~ njhqkg~ nfcngqchcy `”gzgqnmng gc nfwq#

8# Hwkdgcyhymfc ig~ njhqkg~ ? Ngqyhmcg~ njhqkg~ ~fcy ríqmfimxwg~, rhq gzgdr`g5 `g~ nfddwcmnhymfc~ yí`írjfcmxwg~ ifccgcy `mgw â wcg lhnywqhymfc yfw~ `g~ yqfm~ dfm~# Gc lmc ig ríqmfig m` ~”hkmy ig qhyyhnjgq â `”gzgqnmng ig~ njhqkg~ cfc gcnfqg nfdryham`m~íg~ iw lhmy xwg `h xwmyyhcng c”g~y rh~ rhq|gcwg â `”gcyqgrqm~g# Ihc~ ng nh~, m` } h `mgw ig iíygqdmcgq `g dfcyhcy ig ng~ njhqkg~, ig `g~ rqgciqg gc nfc~miíqhymfc, gy ng`h gc iíamyhcy `g~ nfdryg~ ig njhqkg~ nfcngqcíg~ rhq `g nqíimy iw nfdryg 7>: ¥ Lhnywqg~ â qgng|fmq µ qgng|fmq µ fw rhq `g nqíimy ig~ nfdryg~ ig~ igyyg~ mcyíqg~~íg~#

1# Imdmcwymfc ig `h njhqkg ? M` ~”hkmy i”gzn`wqg ig `”gzgqnmng `g~ njhqkg~ xwm fcy íyí nfdryham`m~íg~ dhm~ xwm cg nfcngqcgcy rh~ `h ríqmfig nfc~miíqíg# Gc |gqyw ig rqmcnmrg i”mciírgcihcng ig~ gzgqnmng~, m` g~y mdrfqyhcy ig cg rqgciqg gc yhcy xwg `h njhqkg xwg `h rhqymg xwm nfcngqcg gllgnym|gdgcy `”gzgqnmng ifcy fc ~”fnnwrg, `”hwyqg rhqymg ~gqh r`hníg ihc~ `g iíamy ig nfdryg


9<: ¥ Lqhm~ nfdryham`m~í~ i”h|hcng µ rhq `g nqíimy ig nfdryg ig njhqkg rqíh`ha`gdgcy hwkdgcyíg#

1- Qíkw`hqm~hymfc ig~ rqfiwmy~ ? Dïdg ymyqg xwg `g~ njhqkg~, `g~ qíkw`hqm~hymfc~ nfc~m~ygcy â hwkdgcygq fw imdmcwgq `g dfcyhcy ig~ rqfiwmy~#

8# Hwkdgcyhymfc ig~ rqfiwmy~ ? M` ~”hkmy ig qhyyhnjgq â `”gzgqnmng ig~ rqfiwmy~ cfc gcnfqg nfdryham`m~í~ ihc~ ng nh~, fc nqíimyg `g nfdryg ig nqíhcng mcyíqg~~í 9>: ¥ Qgdm~g â faygcmq µ faygcmq µ fw 91;¥ Rqfiwmy~ â qgng|fmq µ# qgng|fmq µ#

1# Imdmcwymfc ig~ rqfiwmy~ ? M` ~”hkmy i”gzn`wqg ig `”gzgqnmng ig~ rqfiwmy~ nfdryham`m~í~ dhm~, xwm cg `g nfcngqcgcy rh~, gy xwm ~fcy h qgrfqyí ~wq `”gzgqnmng â |gcmq# Ihc~ ng nh~, `h imdmcwymfc iw rqfiwmy ~g lgqh rhq `”mcygqdíimhmqg iw nfdryg 7;: ¥ rqfiwmy~ nfdryham`m~í~ i”h|hcng µ xwm ~gqh nqíimyí rhq `g iíamy iw nfdryg ig rqfiwmy rqíníigddgcy nqíimy# ^mkcmlmnhymfc iw ~fìg iw nfdryg ;1 ¥ Rqfiwnymfc ~yfneíg µ ? @g ~fìg iw nfdryg ;1 ¥ Rqfiwnymfc Rqfiwnymfc ~ yfneíg µ m cimxwg cimxwg `h |hqmhymfc cgyyg gcyqg `h |h`gwq ig `h rqfiwnymfc dm~g gc ~yfne hw nfwq~ ig `h ríqmfig, gy `h |h`gwq ig `h rqfiwnymfc wym`m~íg hw nfwq~ ig ngyyg dïdg ríqmfig# $

^fìg nqíimygwq ? @h |h`gwq ig `h rqfiwnymfc g~y ~wríqmgwqg â ng``g xwm h íyí wym`m~íg rfwq `g~ rqfiwmy~ ~gdm fw|qg~ gy ng``g xwm h íyí |gciwg rfwq `g~ rqfiwmy~ lmcm~#

$

^fìg iíamygwq ? @h |h`gwq ig~ rqfiwmy~ wym`m~í~ hw nfwq~ ig `h ríqmfig g~y ~wríqmgwqg â `h rqfiwnymfc ig ngyyg ríqmfig# M` } h, ifcn, wc rqí`ê|gdgcy ~wq `g ~yfne mcmymh` iw iíawy ig ríqmfig#


Njhrmyqg \MM ? @”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy Gcyqg `g nfdryg nfdryg ahcxwg ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g gy `”gzyqhmy iw nfdryg gc|f}í rhq ngyyg dïdg ahcxwg, fc nfc~yhyg kícíqh`gdgcy ig~ imllíqgcng~ xwm ymgccgcy rqmcnmrh`gdgcy â ? 

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Ig~ gqqgwq~ ~wq `g~ ~fddg~ rfw|hcy ïyqg nfddm~g~ rhq `g ahcxwmgq fw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g# Ig~ njêxwg~ ídm~ gy nfdryham`m~í~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g, cg ~fcy nfdryham`m~í~ rhq `g ahcxwmgq xw”hrqê~ gcnhm~~gdgcy rhq `g aícílmnmhmqg iw njêxwg# @”gcqgkm~yqgdgcy ig |mqgdgcy ~g lhmy rhq `g ahcxwmgq, rwm~ m` h|gqymy `”gcyqgrqm~g# `”gcyqgrqm~g# Ig~ lqhm~ fw mcyíqïy~ ~fcy gcqgkm~yqí~ rhq `g ahcxwmgq rwm~ rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g#

M` g~y ifcn cíng~~hmqg ig iqg~~gq wc íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy xwm cfw~ rgqdgyyqh ig ow~ymlmgq `g~ imllíqgcng~ ig~ ~fìg~#

8- Iílmcmy Iílmcmymfc mfc ? @”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy g~y wc ifnwdgcy mcygqcg íyha`m hlmc ig lhmqg `h nfcnfqihcng nfcnfqihcn g ig~ ~fìg~, gcyqg `g nfdryg ahcxwg ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g gy `g nfdryg ig `”gcyqgrqm~g ygcw rhq `h ahcxwg gy ig ow~ymlmgq `g~ ínqmywqg~ ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc#

1- Gyha`m~~gdgcy ig `”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy ? 8- Fc r`hng nfyg â nfyg `g nfdryg ahcxwg ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g gy `”gzyqhmy ig nfdryg hiqg~~í rhq `g ahcxwmgq# *lmkwqg 8-

1- Fc rfmcyg `g~ ~fìg~ ig iírhqy, gc nh~ ig imllíqgcng~, fc qgnjgqnjg gy fc rfmcyg `g~ ~fddg~ migcymxwg~ gc rqfníihcy rhq nqfm~~gdgcy rfwq íxwm`maqgq `g~ ~fìg~ ig iírhqy# *lmkwqg1-

>- Fc nfc~yqwmy ` ”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy xwm |h qínhrmyw`gq `g~ ~fddg~ cfc rfmcyíg~ gy qhrrqfnjgq `g~ ~fìg~ gc lmc ig ríqmfig# *lmkwqg>-

9- Fc gcqgkm~yqg `g~ qíkw`hqm~hymfc~ cíng~~hmqg~ ihc~ `h nfdryham`myí ig `”gcyqgrqm~g# Gc qgrqgchcy `g~ ~fddg~ hofwyíg~ ihc~ `”íyhy iw nfyí ig `”gcyqgrqm~g# *lmkwqg9-


Gyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy

9:7 Ahcxwg

Gzyqhmy ig nfdryg >8&81

Nfdryg ahcxwg ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g

Nfdryg ig `”gcyqgrqm~g ygcw rhq `h ahcxwg

/*8- 12#222

7#222

/*>- >2#222

##########

#########

12#222

/ *8-

:#222

#########

>2#222

/*>-

887#222 ^&N

;2#222

############

>;#222

72#222

/*1-

/*1- 7#222

^&I

72#222

##########

812#222

812#222

Lmkwqg 8, 1

Gyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy hw >8&81 9:7 Ahcxwg Nfdryg ahcxwg ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g Ihyg

@mag``g~ @ma g``g~

Iíamy

>8&81

^fìg iírhqy

>8&81

\mq# N`mgcy

Nqíimy

Ihyg

@mag``g~ @ma g``g~

>;#222

>8&81

^fìg iírhqy

;2#222

>8&81

Nj#c² qgdm~

^fìg â cfw|ghw

82;#222 82;#222

Yfyhwz

Nfdryg Nfdryg ig `”gcyqgrqm~g ygcw rhq ` h ahcxwg

^fìg â cfw|ghw

82;#222

Yfyhwz

Iíamy

Nqíimy

887#222 :#222 82;#222 887#222

887#222

Lmkwqg > >8&81&

9:7

;2#222

Ahcxwg N`mgcy~

9;2

^wm|hcy íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy

Lmkwqg9

;2#222


Qgdhqxwg

@”íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy g~y íyha`m â njhxwg lmc ig ríqmfig ~wm|hcy `”mdrfqyhcng ig~ fríqhymfc~ fríqh ymfc~ ig ahcxwg a hcxwg *8dfm~, > dfm~, dfm~, < dfm~, 81 dfm~-# 

Mdrfqyhcy ?

@g~ ~fddg~ rfqyíg~ hw iíamy ihc~ `g nfdryg rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g ~fcy rfqyíg~ hw nqíimy rhq `g ahcxwmgq ig dïdg rfwq `g~ ~fddg~ rfqyíg~ hw nqíimy gy `g~ ~fìg~# 9:7 Ahcxwg *ygcw rhq `”gcyqgrqm~g-

Nfdryg ig `”gcyqgrqm~g *ygcw rhq `g ahcxwmgq-

Qgdhqxwg

Wcg ~fddg rgwy ïyqg i m|m~íg ihc~ `”wc ig~ nfyí~ gc 1 dfcyhcy~, ifcn `fq~ ig rfmcyhkg r fmcyhkg m` lhwy amgc ~”h~~wqgq ~”h~~wqgq ig~ ig ~ dfcyhcy~ dfcyhcy~ qínmrqfxwg~# qínmrq fxwg~#

Ifcn wc íyhy ig qhrrqfnjgdgcy~ íyha`m ríqmfimxwgdgcy gcyqg `”gcyqgrqm~g gy ~h ahcxwg, rgqdgy hwz igwz rhqymg~ ig ygcmq wcg nfdryham`myí ~hmcg, nfddg m` `gwq rgqdgy ig cg rh~ hnnwdw`gq hnnwdw`gq yqfr i”gqqgwq~ xwg ~”m`~ ~fcy `hm~~í~ ow~xw”â `h lmc ig `”gzgqnmng |fcy gckgciqgq ig~ imllmnw`yí~ hwz igwz rhqymg~#


Nfcn`w~mfc

M` g~y yqê~ n`hmqg dhmcygchcy xwg `h iíygqdmchymfc iw qí~w`yhy ig `”gzgqnmng xwm yqhiwmy lmiê`gdgcy `h ~mywhymfc q íg``g íg``g ig `”gcyqgrqm~g fc ifmy rqfníigq hwz yqh|hwz ig lmc i”gzgqnmng xwm qgrqí~gcyg qhrrg`fc~ $`g `”gc~gda`g ig~ yqh|hwz nfdryha`g~ gy gzyqh$ nfdryha`g~ n”g~y$â$imqg n”g~y$â$imqg lhmqg how~ygq `h rf~mymfc ig~ nfdryg~ hnyml~ gy rh~~ml~ hwz ifccíg~ qíg``g~ lfwqcmg~ rhq `” mc|gcyhmqg gzyqhnfdryha`g# Ng~ yqh|hwz nfc~m~ygcy ifcn â iícfdaqgq yfw~ `g~ amgc~ gy `g~ igyyg~ ig `”gcyqgrqm~g, rh~~gq `g~ ínqmywqg~ ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc nfcngqcgcy `g~ hdfqym~~gdgcy~, `g~ rqf|m~mfc~, njhqkg~ gy rqfiwmy~ nfdryham`m~í~ i”h|hcng…, iíygqdmcgq iíygqdmcgq `g~ imllíqgcy~ qí~w`yhy~, dhqkg aqwy, |h`gwq hofwyíg, qí~w`yhy i”gzr`fmyhymfc…, ow~xw”hw qí~w`yhy cgy ig `”gzgqnmng, `h qíkw`hqm~hymfc xwg cfw~ |gcfc~ i”íywimgq, ~fcy cíng~~hmqg~ â `h iíygqdmchymfc i”wc qí~w`yhy rqfrqg g~y lmiê`g ig `”gzgqnmng# Gy Gclmc íyha`mq `g am`hc gy `g~ hwyqg~ yha`ghwz ig ~}cyjê~g, hmc~m xwg `h n`ùywqg gy `h qífw|gqywqg ig~ `m|qg~ nfdryha`g~# M` lhwiqh aghwnfwr ig nfcngcyqhymfc gy ig |mkm`hcng rgcihcy `h qíh`m~hymfc ig ng~ yqh|hwz, gy ig qg~rgnygq `g~ rqmcnmrg~ nfdryha`g~, gy `g~ díyjfig~ i”g~ymdhymfc gy ig qíkw`hqm~hymfc rqfrf~í~ rhq `g r`hc nfdryha`g chymfch` *RNC-#

Les travaux fin d'exercice

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