UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF LAW PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW PROF. HARRY HARRY ROQUE, JR. Basic text!!"s#
1. 2.
Higgins, ns, Problems & Process, 1994 Brow Brownl nlie ie,, Pri Princ ncip iple les s of of Pub Publi lic c Int Inter erna nati tion onal al Law, Law, 199 1998 8 ei eiti tion on
!"#$% %'LL(B#% I. In )eneral Higgins, !*apter 1 •
II. %ources of International Law (rt. +8, I! I! %tatute (rt. -+, 199 /ienna /ienna !on0ention on on reaties reaties Higgins, !*apter 2 Brownlie, !*apter 1 !ases on !ustomar Law 3uroa 0. alanoni, ).$. o L522, 2 6arc* 1949 o o 'amas*ita 0. %ter, ).$. o. L5129, 19 7ecember 1943ooooritc*in 0. %olicitor %olicitor )eneral, ).$. o. L 51812, 2 (ugust 1948 o !ase !oncerning t*e 6ilitar an Paramilitar (cti0ities (cti0ities in an against icaragua o :icaragua 0. #%;, I! $eports, 2 une 198 ort* %ea !ontinental %*elf !ases, I! $eports, 2< =ebruar 199 o o %out*5>est (frica !ases :t*iopia 0. %out* (frica? Liberia 0. %out* (frica;? %econ P*ase, 18 ul 19 o (slum !ase :!olombia :!olombia 0. 0. Peru;, I! $eports, 2< o0ember 19-< o uclear est !ases, I! $eports@ ew Aealan 0. =rance, 194 (ustralia 0. 0. =rance, =rance, 194 $euest for an eCamination of t*e situation in accorance wit* par. + of t*e courtDs Eugment of t*e 2< 7ecember 194 in t*e uclear ests :ew Aealan 0. =rance; !ase, 199Legalit of t*e #se b a %tate of uclear >eapons in (rme !onflict :(0isor :(0isor "pinion;, o I! $eports, 8 ul 199 *e Pauete Habana, 1- #.%. :19<<; o !ase !oncerning t*e $ig*t of Passage "0er Inian erritor :Portugal 0. Inia;, I! o $eports, 12 (pril 19< eCaco 0. Liba, 1 IL6 or -+ IL$ +89, 198 o !ases on )eneral Principles of Law !ase !oncerning Prea* /i*ear emple :!amboia 0. *ailan;, I! $eports, 1- une o 192 o !orfu !*annel !ase, I! $eports, 9 (pril 1949 !*orFow =actor !ase, 1928 P!I %er. (, o. 1 o o Barcelona raction, raction, Lig*t an Power !ompan !ase, I! $eports, 19< BP 0. Liba, -+ IL$ 29 o o %aui (rabia 0. (rabian (merican "il !ompan, 2 IL$ L1 Prosecutor 0. aic, IL, 2 "ctober 199o o %alonga 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$ o. 1<-1, 11 =ebruar 2<<9 6eellin 0. eCas, --2 #.%. 491 :2<<8; o • • • • •
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III. (ctors in International Law
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Higgins, !*apter + Brownlie, !*apter + (rt. 1, 6onte0ieo !on0ention on $ig*ts & 7uties of %tates, 49 %tat. +<9,19++ !ases@ Barcelona raction, Lig*t an Power !ompan !ase, I! $eports, 19< o o $eparations for InEuries %uffere in t*e %er0ice of t*e #, I! $eports, 1949 6a0rommatis !ase, P!I, %er. (, o. 2, 1924 o o !ertain Cpenses of t*e #, I! $eports, 192
(. %tates Brownlie, !*apters 4 & Higgins, !*apter 4 Henin et al, International Law, !ases & 6aterials, 2n eition, !*apter 4 • • •
1. erritorial %o0ereignt Brownlie, !*apter 4 !ases@ o Islan of Las Palmas !ase :#% 0. et*erlans;, 2 3I(( 829 Las Palmas (rbitration $e0isite, H. Harr L. $oue, r. o o Bis*op Pero 7ula et.al. 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar uaro rmita :!ase file b %ir, et al, regaring Palawan; o astern )reenlan !ase, P!I %er. (GB, o. -+ o %% Lotus !ase, P!I %er. (, o. 1< Thematic Lighthouses: o 6inuiers an cre*os !ase, I! $eports 19-+, p. 4 !ase !oncerning %o0ereignt "0er Pulau Ligitan an Pulau %ipaan o :InonesiaG6alasia; o ritrea5'emen (rbitration, I! $eports, 1998 Map Cases: o ritrea5'emen (rbitration, I! $eports, supra Prea* /i*ear emple !ase, I! $eports, supra o o Liba 0. !*a, I! $eports 1994 (nglo5orwegian =is*eries !ase, I! $eports 19-1, p. 11 o o >estern %a*ara !ase, I! $eports, 19l %al0aor 0. Honuras, wit* icaragua inter0ening, I! $eports,1992 o o !lipperton Islan (rbitration :=rance 0. 6eCico;, 8 anuar 19+1 • •
2. #!L"% Brownlie, Part 4, !*apters 9511 International !on0ention on t*e Law of t*e %ea :#!L"%;, IL6 21, 1982 (greement $elating to t*e Implementation of Part I of t*e #!L"%, IL6 ++,1994 (greement for t*e Implementation of t*e Pro0isions of t*e #!L"% $elating to t*e !onser0ation & 6anagement of %traling =is* %tocs & Hig*l 6igrator =is* %tocs !ases@ • • • •
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a. Internal >aters 6ilitar & Paramilitar (cti0ities in an against icaragua :icaragua 0. #%;, supra %aui (rabia 0. (rabian (merican "il !ompan, supra 6agallona et.al. 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$. o. 181, 1 ul 2<11 • • •
b. erritorial %ea (rts. 25+2, #!L"% •
o o o o o
*e )ulf of %ira IncientsJ, % Italian 'earboo of International Law (nglo5orwegian =is*eries !ase, I! $eports, 19-1 l %al0aor 0. Honuras, wit* icaragua inter0ening, I! $eports, 1992 #% 0. !alifornia, +82 #.%. 448 :19; #% 0. Louisiana, +82 #.%. 11 :199;
c. %traits !orfu !*annel !ase, supra •
. (rc*ipelagos (rts. 49, -25-+, #!L"% o !ouia, (nalsis of t*e (rc*ipelago 7octrine in t*e Law of t*e %ea, 8 P'IL +< !orfu !*annel !ase, I! $eports, 1949, supra o •
e. *e !ontiguous Aone f. *e !ontinental %*elf ort* %ea !ontinental %*elf !ase, I! $eports, 199, supra Liba 0. 6alta, I! $eports, 198unisia 0. Liba, I! $eports, 1982 (egean %ea !ontinental %*elf !ase :)reece 0 ure;, I! $eports, 198 (nglo5=renc* (rbitration, I! $eports, 199 !ase !oncerning 6aritime 7elimitation in t*e area between )reenlan an an 6aen :7enmar 0. orwa;, 199+ !anaa & =rance, %t. Pierre 6alasia 0. %ingapore (rigo 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, supra (rigo 0. %wift :Petition for >rit of 3aliasan, 2<14; • • • • • •
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g. *e Cclusi0e conomic Aone (rts. --5-8, <5+, #!L"% %pain 0. !anaa :facts onl;, I! $eports, 19 o o 6G/ %aiga :%t. /incent & )renaines 0. )uinea;, IL"% ugment, ul 1, 1999 !amouco !ase :Panama 0. =rance Eugment, =eb 2<<<, o www.un.orgGeptsGiosGitlosGEu5camouco.*tm; •
*. 7elimitation of 6aritime Bounaries )ulf of 6aine !ase :!anaa 0. #%;, I! $eports, 1994 •
i. *e Hig* %eas (rts. 859, 1<-5111, #!L"% •
E. !onser0ation & 6anagement of Li0ing $esources of t*e Hig* %eas %out*ern Blue =in una !ases :A & (ustralia 0. apan;, "rer on $euest for Pro0isional 6easures, IL"% "rer, (ugust 2, 1999 •
. $ig*t of Lan5Loce %tates to & from t*e A:K; l. International %eabe (rea m. a0igation n. 6arine Pollution
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!i0il Liabilit !on0ention of 199 International =un !on0ention of 191 "/(L"P !$I%(L 1984 Protocols to !L! & =! !on0entions 1992 !L! & =! "/(L"P %upplement of 1994 !$I%(L 1992
o. %ettlement of 7isputes p. Peaceful #se of t*e "ceans . (rc*aeological & Historical "bEects r. Pirac +. urisiction & Immunities Brownlie, !*apters 14 & 1Higgins, !*apters 4 & • •
!ases on urisiction@ People 0. Lol5lo & %araw, 4+ P*il. 19 :1922; o o ubb 0. )reiss, 8 P*il. 249 :194; Haw Pia 0. !*ina Baning, 8< P*il. <4 :1948; o o Brownell 0. %unlife, 9- P*il. 228 :19-4; !ases on %o0ereign Immunities@ o #ner 6ilitar Bases (greement Lons Inc. 0. #%(, 1<4 P*il -9+ #%( 0. $uiF, 1+ %!$( 48 >lie 0. $arang, 2<9 %!$( +- #%( 0. $ees, 219 %!$( 192 #%6() P*ilippines 0. L$!, 2+9 -!$( 224 o International "rganiFations >H" 0. (uino, 48 %!$( 242 6inuc*er 0.!(, 214 %!$( 242 %(=7! 0. (costa, 22 %!$( 49 Hol %ee 0. $osario, 2+8 %!$( -24 I!6! 0. !alleEa, ).$. o. 8--<, %eptember 28, 199< Liang 0. People, ).$. o. 12-8-, 6arc* 2, 2<<1 o %o0ereign :Hea of %tate; Immunities =orbes 0. !*uoco iaco, 1 P*il. -+4 :191<; 3uroa 0. alanoni, supra 7a0i 0. (rroo, ).$. o. 11+9, + 6a 2<< Hilao 0. state of =erinan 6arcos, ugment of =eb 198- & "pinionG"rer of o0ember 199C Parte Pinoc*et, +8 IL6 -81 :6arc* 1999; !linton 0. ones, -2< #.%. 81 Belgium 0. %enegal, I!, 2< ul 2<12 !ongo 0. Belgium, I! $eports, 14 =ebruar 2<<2 7oe 0. #"!(L, 9+ =.%upp. 88< :199;
)erman 0. Ital :+ =ebruar 2<12;, incluing 7issenting "pinion of !anao rinae 3inappingGCtraition !ases Israel 0. ic*mann, + IL$ 2 :Israel %upreme !ourt, 192; 3er 0. Illinois, 119 #.%. 4+ #nite %tates 0. (l0areF56ac*ain, -<4 #.%. -- :1991; %osa 0. (l0areF56ac*ain, -42 #.%. 92 :2<<4; %tate 0. bra*im, 2 =ebruar 1991, 2 %(L$ --+ #% 0. Purganan :6ar imeneF !ases; M 2 cases %! & 6=$, ).$. o. 148-1, 24 %eptember 2<<2
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4. International $esponsibilit Higgins, !*apter 9 Brownlie, !*apter 21 IL! 7raft (rticles on %tate $esponsibilit, Harris caseboo, 2<<4 eition $( 98-1 !ases@ !orfu !*annel !ase, I! $eports, supra o o $ainbow >arrior (rbitration :$eport; #% 7iplomatic & !onsular %taff :#% 0. Iran;, I! $eports, 198< o o 7oe 0. #"!(L, +9- =.+ 9+2 :9t* !ircuit;? 4<+ =.+ <8 !*orFow =actor !ase, supra o o Prosecutor 0. aic, supra (0isor "pinion on t*e Legal !onseuences of t*e !onstruction of a >all in t*e o "ccupie Palestinian erritories o Bosnia !ase N(pplication of t*e !on0ention on t*e Pre0ention an Punis*ment of t*e !rime of )enocie :Bosnia an HerFego0ina 0. %erbia an 6ontenegro;O, =ebruar 2, 2<< o rail %melter !ase %tate $esponsibilit, Harris !aseboo, 1994 & 2<<4 eitions 1994 eition o #nion Brige !ompan !laim :#% 0. )reat Britain;, 1924 'oumans !laim :#% 0. 6eCico;, 192 o o Aafiro !laim :)reat Britain 0. #%;, 192Boli0ar $ailwa !ompan !laim :)reat Britain 0. /eneFuela;, 19<+ o 2<<4 eition eer !laim :#% 0. 6eCico;, 192 o o %tarrett Housing !orp. 0. Iran :Interlocutor (war; :#% 0. Iran;, 198+ • • • • •
-. /ienna !on0ention on t*e Law of reaties o Brownlie, !*apter 2 o $"#, H($$'. reaties, !*inese ie LoansJ, )o0ernment Procurement an )oo )o0ernance. PL /ol. 84, o. 4 :2<1<; o !ases@ 7efinition of treat (baa 0. %ec. bane, ).$. o. 1919, 14 =ebruar 2<< 7B6 0. 3olonwel raing :consoliate cases;, ).$. o. 1-<8, 8 une 2<< %uplico 0. 7(, ).$. o. 188+<, 14 ul 2<<8 !6) 0. Hon. %anta 6aria, ).$. o. 18--2, =ebruar 2<12 • • • •
7efinition of ratification !ommissioner of !ustoms 0. astern %ea raing, ).$. o. L51429, "ctober +1, 191 •
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Baan 0. Aamora, ).$. o. 1+8-<, "ctober 1<, 2<<< Lim 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$. o. 1-144-, (pril 11, 2<<2 Pimentel 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$ o. 1-8<88, ul , 2<< (baan 0. (uino, ).$. o. 1<-1, ul 1, 2<<8 %alonga et. al. 0. %mit* et. al., ).$. o. 1<-1, =ebruar 11, 2<<9 /inua 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$. o. 122+<, (pril 28, 2<1< Baan 6una 0. Cecuti0e %ecretar, ).$. o. 1-918, =ebruar 1, 2<11 $eser0ations to t*e !on0ention on t*e Pre0ention an Punis*ment of t*e !rime of )enocie 6ilitar an Paramilitar (cti0ities in an against icaragua :icaragua 0. #%;, supra
. /ienna !on0ention on 7iplomatic $elations? /ienna !on0ention on !onsular $elations an "ptional Protocols Brownlie, !*apter 2 !ases@ #% 7iplomatic & !onsular %taff :#% 0. Iran;, I! $eports, 198< o o !ase !oncerning (0ena an ot*er 6eCican ationals :6eCico 0. #%(;, +1 6arc* 2<<4. • •
B. International "rganiFations 1. *e # !*arter & *e #se of =orce (rts. 2:+;, 2:4;, 24:1;, 2-, 2+:1;, 2:+;, # !*arter Higgins, !*apters 1<, 14 & 1!ases@ o 6ilitar an Paramilitar (cti0ities in an against icaragua :icaragua 0. #%;, supra Legalit of t*e #se b a %tate of uclear >eapons, I! $eports, supra o o Legalit of t*e #se of =orce :'ugosla0ia 0. #%;, #% +8 IL6 1199 *e $elations*ip between t*e # !*arter an )eneral International Law $egaring on5 o use of =orce@ *e !ase of ("Ds air campaign in t*e 3oso0o crisis of 1999, %*ina 6urase *e !aroline !ase o o 6.>. $eisman, (ssessing !laims to $e0ise t*e loss of >ar, 9 (IL 82 at 8, 2<<+ !ase !oncerning "il Platforms :Islamic $epublic of Iran 0. #nite %tates of (merica;, o 7ecember 12,199 (rme (cti0ities on t*e erritor of !ongo :7emocratic $epublic of t*e !ongo 0. #gana;, o I! :2<<-; o $e@ !ertain Cpenses of t*e #, supra • • •
2. International !ourt of ustice (rts. 92, 9+, 94, 9, # !*arter (rts. 1, +4:1;, +-:1;, I! %tatute • •
a. (pplicable Law (rts. +8 & -9, I! %tatute *e %ecurit !ouncil uner !*apter /ll of t*e # !*arter@ Problems uner t*e $ule of law, H. Harr L. $oue, r. • •
b. urisiction (rt. +:1;, :2; & :+;, I! %tatute •
c. (0isor "pinions Higgins, !*apter 11 •
!ases on urisiction@
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6ilitar an Paramilitar (cti0ities in an against icaragua :icaragua 0. #%;, supra Locerbie !ase :Liban (rab ama*iria 0. #%(; I! $eports, 1988 L%I !ase, I! $eports, 1989 %out* >est (frica !ases, I! $eports, 19 auru 0. (ustralia, I! $eports, 1992 !ase !oncerning ast imor :Portugal 0. (ustralia; I! $eports, 199-
!ases on Pro0isional 6easures@ Bosnia !ase :(pplication of t*e !on0ention on t*e Pre0ention an Punis*ment of t*e !rime of )enocie :Bosnia an HerFego0ina 0. %erbia an 6ontenegro;, supra Locerbie !ase :Liban (rab ama*iria 0. #%(;, supra •
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!ases on 7ispute@ (missions !ase :!onitions of (mission of a state to members*ip in t*e #nite ations;, I! $eports, 6a 28,1948 =ree Aones !ase :!ase of t*e =ree Aones of #pper %a0o an t*e 7istrict of )eC;, P!I %er. (GB. o. 4-, une , 19+2 6a0rommatis !ase, supra # Heauarters (0isor "pinion :(pplicabilit of t*e "bligation to (rbitrate uner %ec. 21 of t*e # Heauarters (greement of une 2, 194;, I! $eports, (pril 2, 1988 •
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!ases on (0isor "pinions@ Legalit of t*e #se b a %tate of uclear >eapons in (rme !onflict :>H" $euest;, I! $eports, 199 6onetar )ol !ase :6onetar )ol $emo0e from $ome in 194+ :Ital 0. =rance, #3 of )reat Britain & ort*ern Irelan, & t*e #%(;;, I! $eports, une 1-, 19-4 !ertain Cpenses of t*e #, supra >estern %a*ara !ase, supra Botswana 0. amibia :!ase !oncerning 3asiiliG%euu Islan;, I! $eports, 1999 %tatus of astern !arelia :=inlan 0. $ussia?, P!I %er. B, o. -, ul 2+,192+ (0isor "pinion on t*e Local !onseuences of t*e !onstruction of a >all in t*e "ccupie Palestinian erritories, supra •
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!. *e Ini0iual 1. Human $ig*ts :$eport; Higgins, !*apter •
2. International !riminal Law a. uremberg ribunal b. oo >ar !rimes ribunal :$eport; c. 1949 )ene0a !on0entions . 198 (itional Protocol to t*e )ene0a !on0ention e. %ecurit !ouncil $esolution o. 82 :'ugosla0ia >ar !rimes ribunal; f. %ecurit !ouncil $esolution o. 9-- :$wana >ar !rimes ribunal; g. 1998 $ome !on0ention on t*e International !riminal !ourt !ases@ • • • • •
(0isor "pinion on Legalit of uclear >eapons? :>H" $euest;, I! $eports, 199 'ugosla0ia >ar !rimes ribunal 7ecision on aic, 1- ul 1999 7iFon 0. !ommaning )eneral $asul 0. Bus* Haman 0. $umsfel, -48 #.%. -- :2<<;
Boumeienne 0. Bus*, 12 une 2<<8
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+. =oreign In0estments & atural $esources Brownlie, !*apter 24 Higgins, !*apter 8 • •
!ases@ eCaco 0. Liba, 1 IL6 or -+ IL$ +89, 198 BP 0. Liba, -+ IL$ 2 %aui (rabia 0. (rabian (merican "il !ompan, 2 IL$ 11 !*orFow =actor !ase, supra LI(6!" 0. Liban (rab $epublic, 2 IL$ 14< %tarrett Housing !ase, 4 Iran5#% !laims ribunal $eports 3uwait 0. (minoil, IL$ -18 %app*ire !ase, +B IL$ 1+
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a. W$e% La&'() • • •
%tarrett Housing !ase, 4 Iran5#% !laims ribunal $eports (moco !ase :#% 0. Iran;, 2 IL6 1+14 P*illips Petroleum !ompan Iran, 0. *e Islamic $epublic of Iran, an *e ational Iranian "il !o., 21 Iran5#% !laims ribunal $eports
$eaings Higgins, *e aing of Propert b t*e %tale /ol. 12, $ecueil es !ours, 199 imeneF e (rec*ega, %tate $esponsibilit for t*e ationaliFation of =oreign Propert, 11 H# of International Law & Politics 189, 198 . Lauterpac*t, Issues of !ompensation an ationalit in t*e aing of (lien Propert, 8 $L 241, 199< 6. 6elelson, >*at Price CpropriationK !ompensation for Cpropriation@ *e !ase Law, 9 (IL 414, 198• •
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. WTO •
*e P*ilippine, an t*e >"@ %ur0e of !urrent Practices wit* mp*asis on (nti5 7umping, !ounter0ailing 7uties an %afeguar 6easures, H. Harr L. $oue, r. !ases@ • •
aQaa 0. (ngara, ).$. o. 11829-, 2 6a 199 (micus !uriae 6emoranum of (mbassaor Lilia Bautista in aQaa 0. (ngara, supra
(ppellate Bo $eports@ apanRaCes on alco*olic be0erages, "ctober 4, 199 3oreaRaCes on alco*olic be0erages, anuar +,1999 #nite %tatesR%tanars for $eformulate an !on0entional )asoline, (pril 29,199 uropean !ommunitiesR6easures (ffecting (sbestos an (sbestos5!ontaining Proucts, 6arc* 12, 2<<1 uropean !ommunitiesR(nti57umping 7uties on Imports of !otton5tpe Be Linen from Inia, (pril 8, 2<<+ • • •
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