LAPORAN PENDAHULUAN GASTROENTERITIS AKUT DIRUANG ANAK RSUD. ULIN BANJARMASIN
DISUSUN OLEH : Nama
: Siti Khadijah
Nim
: 14.IK.414
SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN SARIMULIA BANJARMASIN PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN !1"
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN JUDUL KASUS
:
GASTROENTERITIS AKUT
TEMPAT PENGAMBILAN KA KASUS
:
RUANG AN ANAK
NA N AMA
: SI S ITI KHADIJAH
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
JUDUL KASUS
:
GASTROENTERITIS AKUT
TEMPAT PENGAMBILAN KA KASUS
:
RUANG AN ANAK
NA N AMA
: SI S ITI KHADIJAH
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A. Definis Definisii dan Anatom Anatomii Fisiolo Fisiologi gi 1. Definisi Gastoentitis Gastoentitis m($*/a3a# %*at* 3(adaa# /(#(,*a$a# ti#ja +a# tida3 tida3 #-$ma, #-$ma, ata* tida3 %(/($ti %(/($ti )ia%a#+a )ia%a#+a.. P($*)ah P($*)aha# a# +a# +a# t($jadi t($jadi )($*/a )($*/a /($*)aha /($*)aha# # /(#i#3 /(#i#3ata# ata# 5-,*m(& 5-,*m(& 3((#6($a 3((#6($a#& #& da# 7$(3*(# 7$(3*(#%i %i d(#a# d(#a# ata* ta#/a ,(#di$ da$ah& %(/($ti ,()ih da$i 8 3a,i9 ha$i da# /ada #(-#at*% ,()ih da$i 4 3a,i9 ha$i. A. Ai Hida+at& !!;2. S(,ai# it* m(#*$*t S*d-+- A$* Gastoenteitis Gastoenteitis ata! diae ada,ah diae ada,ah )*a# ai$ )(%a$ d(7i3a%i2 d(#a# ti#ja )($)(#t*3 6ai$9%(t(#ah 6ai$ %(t(#ah /adat2& 3a#d*#a# ai$ ti#ja ,()ih )a#+a3 da$i /ada )ia%a#+a ,()ih da$i !! $am ata* !! m,94 jam. P(#*,a$a# dia$( 3a$(#a i#7(3%i m(,a,*i ma3a#9mi#*m +a# t($3-#tami#a%i /ath-(# +a# )($a%a,9h(0a# ata* m*#taha# /(#d($ita da# j*a m(,a,*i *da$a ata* m(,a,*i a3ti5ita% %(3%*a, 3-#ta3 -$a,9(#($a, -$a,9(#($a, ata* m(,a,*i a3ti5ita% %(3%*a, 3-#ta3 -$a,9(#(ta, ata* a$a,
8 3a,i9%(ha$i2 di%($tai /($*)aha# 3-#%i%t(#%i ti#ja m(#jadi 6ai$2.
". Anat Anatom omii Fisi Fisiol olog ogii
Si%t(m Si%t(m /(#6 /(#6($# ($#aa# aa# m(,i/ m(,i/*ti *ti m*,*t m*,*t&& 3($-# 3($-#33-# #a# a#&& (%-/ (%-/ha ha*% *%&& ,am)*# ,am)*#&& da# *%*%. Ma3a#a# Ma3a#a# +a# ma%*3 ma%*3 3(da,am 3(da,am t*)*h 3ita m(,a,*i )()($a/a taha/& +ait* i#(%ti? dima#a i#ta3( ma3a#a# ma%*3 3( da,am t*)* t*)*h h 3ita 3ita m(,a m(,a,* ,*ii /$-% /$-%(% (% m(ma m(ma%* %*3a 3a# # ma3a ma3a#a #a# # 3( da,a da,am m m*,* m*,*t& t& /(#*# /(#*#+aha +aha# # da# m(#(,a#? m(#(,a#? di(%ti di(%ti dima#a dima#a t($jadi t($jadi /($*)ah /($*)aha# a# 7i%i3 da# 3imia at ma3a#a# *#t*3 da/at di a)%-$)%i. A)%-$)%i dima#a /a$ti3(, at ma3a#a# da$i %a,*$a# 6($#a 3( da,am a,i$a# da$ah da# /(m)*,*h ,im7(. S(t(,ah S(t(,ah taha/ taha/ di(%ti di(%ti da# a)%-)%i a)%-)%i di,a,*i& di,a,*i&m-,( m-,(3*,
Si%t(m /(#6($#aa# t($)ai ata% -$a# *tama da# -$a# a3%(%-$i% ata* tam)aha#. O$a# *tama %i%t(m /(#6($#aa# t($di$i ata% $-#a m*,*t +a# di da,am#+a t($da/at /a,at*m& /i/i da# )i)i$& ,idah ii& 3(,(#ja$ ,*dah& 7a$i# 7a$i#& & (%-7a (%-7a* *% % 3($-# 3($-#3 3-# -#a a#2& #2& ,am)* ,am)*# # a%t( a%t($2& $2& d*-d( d*-d(#* #*m m *%*% *%*% ha,*%2& ha,*%2& j(j(#*#* j(j(#*#*m& m& i,(*m& i,(*m& 3-,-# 3-,-# +a# t($di$i ata% 3-,-# a%(#d(# a%(#d(# #ai32& #ai32& t$a#%5($%*m t$a#%5($%*m h-$i-#ta,2 da# d(%(#d(# d(%(#d(# m(#*$*#2 da# $(3t*m. S(da#3a# S(da#3a# -$a# -$a# a3%(%-$i a3%(%-$i%#+a %#+a t($di$i t($di$i ata% 3(,(#ja$ 3(,(#ja$ 3(,(#ja 3(,(#ja$$ ,*dah ,*dah ,a#d* ,a#d*,a ,a %a,i5a2& %a,i5a2& dima# dima#a a t($da t($da/a /att 3(,(# 3(,(#ja$ ja$ /a$-t /a$-ti%& i%& 3(,(# 3(,(#ja$ ja$ %*),i %*),i#* #*a,i a,i% % da# da# 3(,(# 3(,(#ja$ ja$ %*)ma#di)*,a$i%. O$a# a3%(%-$i% ,ai# +ait* hati9h(/a$ da# /a#6$(a%.
B. Etio tiologi logi M(#*$*t Na%ti+ah !!=2 /(#+()a) t($jadi#+a a%t$-(#t($iti% ada @ 7a3t-$& +ait* : 1. 'a3t 'a3t-$ -$ I#7( I#7(3% 3%ii ada, ada,ah ah i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii %a,* %a,*$a $a# # /(#6 /(#6($ ($#a #aa# a# ma3a ma3a#a #a# # +a# +a# m($*/a3a# /(#+()a) *tama a%t$-(#t$iti% /ada i#7(3%i i#t($#a,& m(,i/*ti : a. I#7( I#7(3% 3%ii )a3t )a3t($ ($ii i)$i i)$i-& -& E -,i& -,i& Sam-# Sam-#(,a (,a&& Shi( Shi(,,a ,,a&& am/+ am/+,-) ,-)a6 a6ht( ht($& $& +($%i +($%i#ia #ia&& a($-m-#a% da# %()aai#+a. ). I#7( I#7(3% 3%ii 5i$* 5i$*% % E#tE#t- 5i$*% 5i$*% (6h(6h-2& 2& 6-C%a 6-C%a63i 63i(& (& /-,i/-,i-m+t m+ti%& i%& ad(# ad(#-5i -5i$*% $*%&& $-ta5 $-ta5i$* i$*%& %& a%t-5i$*%& da# ,ai#<,ai#. 6. I#7( I#7(3% 3%ii /a$ /a$a% a%it it a6i#& /$-t---& da# jam*$ . 'a3t 'a3t-$ -$ Ma,a Ma,a)% )%-$ -$)% )%ii
Ma,a)%-$ Ma,a)%-$)%i )%i 3a$)-hid 3a$)-hid$at $at m(,i/*ti m(,i/*ti ai$ di %a3a$ida %a3a$ida i#t-,($ i#t-,($a#%i a#%i ,a6t-$a& ,a6t-$a& ma,t-%(& da# %*3$-%a2& m-#-%a3a$ida i#t-,($a#%i ,*3-%a& 7$i3t-%a& da# ,*3t-%a2& /ada )a+i da# a#a3 +a# t($/(#ti# da# t($%($i# i#t-,($a#%i ,a3t-%a ,a3t-%a.. La3t-%a La3t-%a m($*/a3a m($*/a3a# # 3a$)-hid 3a$)-hid$at $at *tama *tama da$i %*%* %*%* %*%* %a/i m(#a#d*# @! m ,a3t-%a /($,it($2. Ma3a /ada )a+i dam )a,ita dia$( i#t-,($a#%i ,a3t-%a m(#daat /($hatia# 3h*%*%. P(#+a)a)#+a 3a$(#a /ada )a+i /(m)(#t*3a# (#im ,i/a%( +a# )($7*#%i m(m(6ah ,a3t-%a )(,*m %(m/*$#a& %(m/*$#a& %(hi#a m(#+a)a)3a# )a+i dia$(& da# ,i/a%( a3a# )($7*#%i -/tima, %aat )($*%ia 4< )*,a#. K-#di%i i#i )ia%a#+a t($jadi /ada *%ia )a+i 1< )*,a# )*,a# da# da# tida3 tida3 m(#+a m(#+a)a )a)3a )3a# # )($at )($at )ada )ada##+ ##+a a t*$*# t*$*#.. S(,ai S(,ai# # it* ma,a)%-$)%i ,(ma3 da# /$-t(i#. 8. 'a3t 'a3t-$ -$ Ma3a Ma3a#a #a# # Ma3a#a# )a%i )($a6*# da# a,($i ma3a#a#. 4. 'a3t 'a3t-$ -$ K()( K()($% $%ih iha# a# P(#*#aa# )-t-, %*%*& ai$ mi#*m t($6(ma$ d(#a# )a3t($i ti#ja& tida3 m(#6*6i ta#a# %(%*dah )*a# ai$ )(%a$& %(%*dah m(m)*a# ti#ja ata* %()(,*m m(#3-#%*m%i ma3a#a#. @. 'a3t 'a3t-$ -$ P%i P%i33-,,-i i Ra%a ta3*t da# 6(ma% da/at m(#+()a)3a# a%t-(#t$iti% 3a$(#a da/at m($a#%a# /(#i#3ata# /($i%ta,ti6 *%*%. #. $la $lasifi sifi%a %asi si M(#*$*t S*#at- a%t$-(#t$iti% da/at di3,a%i7i3a%i3a# m(jadi tia& +ait* : S*#at-&!!=2 1. Diti#ja* da$i ada ata* tida3#+a i#7(3%i& dia$( di)ai m(#jadi d*a -,-#a# : a. Dia$( Dia$( i#7(3 i#7(3%i %i %/(%i7 %/(%i7i3 i3 : ti7*% ti7*% da# /a$a /a$a ti7*%& ti7*%& %ta/hi, %ta/hi,-6-6-66* 66*% % di%(#t di%(#t$i $i )a%i,($& da# E#t($-t-,iti% #(3t$-ti3a#%. ). Dia$( #-# %/(%i7i3 %/(%i7i3 : dia$( dia$( di(t(ti% di(t(ti%.. . Diti#ja* da$i -$a# +a# t($3(#a i#7(3%i dia$( : a. Dia$ Dia$( ( i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii (#t( (#t($a $a,, ata* ata* i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii di *%*% *%*%&& mi%a mi%a,# ,#+a +a:: dia$ dia$( ( +a# +a# ditim)*,3a# -,(h )a3t($i& 5i$*% da# /a$a%it. ). Dia$ Dia$( ( i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii /a$( /a$(#t #t($ ($a, a, ata* ata* dia$ dia$( ( a3i) a3i)at at i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii da$i da$i ,*a$ ,*a$ *%*% *%*%&& mi%a,#+a: dia$( 3a$(#a )$-#3hiti%. 8. Diti#ja* da$i ,ama i#7(3%i& dia$( di)ai m(#jadi d*a -,-#a# +ait*: a. Dia$ Dia$( ( a3*t a3*t : Dia$ Dia$( ( +a# +a# t($j t($jad adii 3a$( 3a$(#a #a i#7( i#7(3% 3%ii *%*% *%*% +a# +a# )($% )($%i7 i7at at m(#dada3& )($,a#%*# 6(/at da# )($a3hi$ da,am 0a3t* 8 %am/ai @
ha$i. Ha#+a @ %am/ai 8! /a%i(# +a# )($a3hi$ m(,()ihi 0a3t* 1 mi#* da# ha#+a @ %am/ai 1@ +a# )($a3hi$ da,am 14 ha$i. ). Dia$( Dia$( 3$-#i3 3$-#i3&& da,am da,am P($t( P($t(m*a m*a# # I,miah I,miah B($3a,a B($3a,a Bada# Bada# K--$d K--$di# i#a%i a%i Ga%t$-(#t($-,-i A#a3 I#d-#(%ia PIB F BK GAI2 3( 1 di Pa,(m)a#& di%(t*j*i )ah0a d(7i#i%i dia$( 3$-#i3 da,ah dia$( +a# )($,a#%*# mi#* ata* ,()ih. %*#at-&!!=2.
D. Pato Patofi fiso solo logi gi S()aia# )(%a$ dia$( a3*t di %()a)3a# -,(h i#7(3%i. Ba#+a3 dam/a3 +a# t($jadi 3a$(#a 3a$(#a i#7(3%i i#7(3%i %a,*$a# %a,*$a# 6($#a 6($#a a#ta$a a#ta$a ,ai#: ,ai#: /(#(,* /(#(,*a$a# a$a# t-3%i# +a# +a# da/at da/at m(#im) m(#im)*,3 *,3a# a# a# a#*a *a# # %(3$(% %(3$(%ii da# da# $(a)% $(a)%-$) -$)%i %i 6ai$a# 6ai$a# da# da# (,(3t$-,i (,(3t$-,itt d(#a# d(#a# a3i)at a3i)at d(hid$a d(hid$a%i& %i&a# a#*a# *a# 3(%(im)a 3(%(im)a#a #a# # (,(3t$-,i (,(3t$-,itt da# a#*a# 3(%(im)a#a# a%am )a%a. I#5a%i da# d(%t$*3%i /ada %(, (/it(,& /(#( /(#(t$ t$a% a%ii
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da$i dia$( it* %(#di$i ada,ah 3(hi,a#a# ai$ da# (,(3t$-,it D(hid$a%i2 +a# m(#a3i)at3a# m(#a3i)at3a# a#*a# a%am )a%a A%id-%i% M(ta)-,i3 da# Hi/-3a,(mia2& a#*a# ii i#ta3( 3*$a#& -*t/*t )($,()ih2& hi/-,i3(mia da#a#*a# %i$3*,a%i da$ah.S*d-+- A$*&!!=2.
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E. Ge)a Ge)ala la $lin $linis is M(#*$*t K,i(ma# ta#da (ja,a a%t$-(#t($iti%& +ait* : K,i(ma#&!1!2 1. S(6a$a *m*# : a. S($i# )*a# ai$ )(%a$ )(%a$ d(#a# d(#a# 3-#%i%t(#%i 3-#%i%t(#%i ti#ja 6ai$ 6ai$ ata* (#6($. (#6($. ). T($da/at T($da/at ta#da (ja,a (ja,a d(hid$a%i d(hid$a%i : t*$-$ 3*it 3*it j(,(3 (,a%ti%ita% 3*,it 6. d. (. 7. . h. i. j. 3.
m(#*$*#2& *)*#<*)*# da# mata 6(3*#& m(m)$a#( m*3-%a 3($i#. D(mam Na7%* Na7%* ma3a# ma3a# )($3* )($3*$a# $a# M*a, M*a, da# da# m*#t m*#tah ah A#-$(3%ia L(mah P*6at N+($i a)d-m(# P($ih di *,* *,* hati P($*)aha# P($*)aha# ta#da
Bi,a /(#d($ita t(,ah )a#+a3 3(hi,a#a# )a#+a3 6ai$a# (,(3t$-,it& ma3a (ja,a d(hid$a%i tam/a3. M(#*$*t N(,%-# !!=2& ada 8 ti#3ata# d(hid$a%i& +ait*: a. D(hi D(hid$ d$a% a%ii $i# $i#a# a# K(hi,a#a# 6ai$a# F @ da$i )($at )ada# d(#a# am)a$a# 3,i#i3 t*$-$ 3*,it 3*$a# (,a%ti%& %*a$a %($a3& /(#d($ita )(,*m jat*h /ada 3(adaa# %+-3& *)*#<*)*# da# mata 6(3*#& mi#*m #-$ma,& 3(#6i# #-$ma,. ). D(hi D(hid$ d$a% a%ii %(da %(da# # K(hi,a#a# 6ai$a# @ F ; da$i )($at )ada# d(#a# am)a$a# 3,i#i3 t*$-$ 3*,it j(,(3& %*a$a %($a3& /(#d($ita jat*h /$( %+-3 #adi 6(/at da# da,am. (,i% (,i%ah ah&& %a#a %a#att ha*%& ha*%& /($#a /($#a7a% 7a%a# a# aa3 aa3 6(/at 6(/at&& *)*# *)*#<*) <*)*# *# da# da# mata mata 6(3*#& 3(#6i# %(di3it da# mi#*m #-$ma,. 6. D(hi D(hid$ d$a% a%ii )($ )($at at K(hi,a#a# 6ai$a# ; < 1! da$i )($at )ada# d(#a# am)a$a# 3,i#i3 %(/($t %(/($tii ta#d ta#da
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