NORMA ARGENTINA
IRAM 11659-2 Primera edición
11659-2 2007
2007-10-05
Acondicionamiento térmico de edificios Verificación de sus condiciones higrotérmicas Ahorro de energía en refrigeración Parte 2: Edificios para viviendas Thermal conditioning of buildings Verification of the higrothermical higrothermical conditions Saving refrigeration energy Part 2: Buildings for living
Referencia Numérica: IRAM 11659-2:2007
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
Prefacio El Instituto Argentino de Normalización y Certificación (IRAM) es una asociación civil sin fines de lucro cuyas finalidades específicas, en su carácter de Organismo Argentino de Normalización, son establecer normas técnicas, sin limitaciones en los ámbitos que abarquen, además de propender al conocimiento y la aplicación de la normalización como base de la calidad, promoviendo las actividades de certificación de productos y de sistemas de la calidad en las empresas para brindar seguridad al consumidor. IRAM es el representante de la Argentina en la International Organization for Standardization (ISO), en la Comisión Panamericana de Normas Técnicas (COPANT) y en la Asociación MERCOSUR de Normalización (AMN). Esta norma IRAM es el fruto del consenso técnico entre los diversos sectores involucrados, los que a través de sus representantes han intervenido en los Organismos de Estudio de Normas correspondientes.
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
Índice Página
0 INTRODUCCIÓN....................................... ............................. ........................... 5 1 OBJETO Y CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN.................................... APLICACIÓN..... ............................... .......................... 6 2 DOCUMENTOS NORMATIVOS PARA CONSULTA .......................... .............. 6 3 SÍMBOLOS Y ABREVIATURAS..................................... ............................. ...... 7 4 CONDICIONES GENERALES ............................ ............................ .................. 9 5 REQUISITOS .......................... ............................. .............................. ............. 10 6 PROCEDIMIENTO DE CÁLCULO ........................... .............................. ......... 31 Anexo A (Informativo) (Informativo) Planillas de cálculo .......................... ........................... ..... 36 Anexo B (Informativo) (Informativo) Ejemplos ........................... .............................. ................. 41 Anexo C (Informativo) (Informativo) Bibliografía.................................... ............................. ...... 49 Anexo D (Informativo) (Informativo) Integrantes de los los organismos de de estudio....................... estudio.. ..................... 50
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
Acondicionamiento térmico de edificios Verificación de sus condiciones higrotérmicas Ahorro de energía en refrigeración Parte 2: Edificios para viviendas 0 INTRODUCCIÓN El control de los efectos del clima en los locales de un edificio para habitación humana está influenciado principalmente por una adecuada selección de los materiales empleados en la construcción, por su combinación según criterios de máxima funcionalidad, por el óptimo diseño de espacios, vanos y orientaciones en las cuales las protecciones solares tienen un rol preponderante. El cumplimiento de las transmitancias térmicas máximas admisibles de los elementos de cerramiento de un local puede no ser suficiente para controlar las ganancias de calor totales del conjunto. De ahí la necesidad de definir un parámetro global que pondere todos los elementos que intervienen en el proceso. Una vez fijados los valores de la carga térmica admisible en refrigeración (Q Radm) y/o del coeficiente volumétrico de refrigeración admisible (GRadm), hay muchas formas de satisfacerlo, por ejemplo aumentando la resistencia térmica de muros, techos o vidrios, actuando sobre la forma del edificio y sus locales, diseñando protecciones solares adecuadas, sectorizando las cargas internas por ocupación, mejorando el sistema de iluminación artificial mediante la eficiencia energética y reduciendo las ganancias de calor, entre otras posibilidades. Todas estas modificaciones son posibles siempre que no se transgreda el cumplimiento de las condiciones de confort no contempladas en esta norma. Respecto de la forma de un edificio y sus locales, es importante destacar que aunque dos
La mayor compacidad del edificio disminuye las pérdidas y ganancias de calor, siendo una variable importante la minimización del volumen interior a refrigerar. Es por esto que el concepto de aislamiento térmico, desde el punto de vista de condiciones de habitabilidad y consumo de energía, incluye no sólo la obtención de una mejor calidad de aislamiento térmico de la envolvente, sino además la adecuada selección de la orientación, de la forma y de las protecciones solares, cuando sea posible. Es importante discriminar las ganancias de calor para sintetizar el cálculo y obtener información comparativa que nos facilite la toma de decisiones sobre dónde en cada proyecto es posible obtener un mayor ahorro con el menor sobrecosto de construcción posible. Se debe conocer que para cada tipo de edificio y local a refrigerar el ítem de mayor peso en la carga térmica total varía. Así en un edificio de oficinas con su envolvente vertical vidriada es probable que por ejemplo, entre el 60% y 70% de la carga térmica se deba a la ganancia solar; y en un local muy habitado, como por ejemplo: un “pub” o una confitería bailable, la mayor carga térmica se deba a la ocupación. Esto justifica un detallado análisis de las ganancias discriminadas de calor. Durante el período de verano, el edificio analizado recibe calor por diversas fuentes, que el equipo de refrigeración debe extraer para reducir la temperatura interior y mantenerlo en confort higrotérmico.
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
flujo de calor, ya que en invierno va de adentro hacia fuera, y se lo considera de afuera hacia adentro. Entonces a través de paredes, techos y superficies no opacas, el calor exterior aporta calor al interior elevando la temperatura. Además el sol aporta calor por radiación de forma directa en las superficies no opacas y de forma indirecta en los cerramientos opacos. También el aire exterior más caliente hace su aporte, que sumado al calor por ocupación, da la cantidad total de calor a extraer del local.
b) el método de cálculo del coeficiente volumétrico de refrigeración (G R [W/m3]), para evaluar el ahorro de energía en refrigeración de edificios; c) el método de cálculo de la carga carga térmica por unidad de superficie (S R [W/m2]), para evaluar el ahorro de energía en refrigeración de edificios; d) los valores admisibles de QR, G R y SR para viviendas unifamiliares y edificios multifamiliares tipo bloque y tipo torre. 1.2 Esta norma es aplicable:
Los aportes debidos a ocupación pueden no ser importantes en caso de una vivienda y sí en caso de un local de acceso público con un alto factor de ocupación, debido a la suma del calor de cada persona, que es variable con la actividad que realiza, más los aportes de calor del sistema de iluminación y más el calor aportado por artefactos de diverso tipo. Como se indica en la IRAM 11659-1, el calor se calcula por la forma en que se manifiesta el calor sensible y el calor latente, siendo el calor sensible el que genera un aumento en la temperatura del local, y el calor latente el que aporta el vapor de agua, pero que no genera una elevación en la temperatura del local. Así todas todas las fuentes fuentes mencion mencionada adass aportan aportan calor calor sensible pero sólo parte de ellas generan aporte de calor latente. Las fuentes interiores de calor latente son las personas (respiración + transpiración), el aire exterior, la vegetación, los equipos para cocción o el calentamiento de agua. En los anexos A y B se indican a título informativo plantillas de cálculo y ejemplos.
1 OBJETO Y CAMPO DE DE APLICACIÓN APLICACIÓN 1.1 Esta norma establece: a) el procedimiento para determinar la carga
a) a edificios de viviendas refrigerados con subsuelos no refrigerados, cuando existan. Estos edificios deben cumplir además con la IRAM 11605 y con los valores de transmitancia térmica de muros y techos calculados según la IRAM 11601; b) para las zonas zonas bioambientales bioambientales I, II, III y IV, en las que se ha clasificado la República Argentin Argentina a en la IRAM 11603. 11603. Como así también para todas aquellas localidades y microclimas de otras zonas donde se superen los 30 ºC de temperatura máxima de de diseño (TDMX), o donde esté prevista la instalación de un acondicionador de aire.
2 DOCUMENTOS NORMATIVOS PARA CONSULTA Los documentos normativos que se indican a continuación son indispensables para la aplicación de este documento. Para los documentos normativos en los que se indica el año de publicación, se aplican las ediciones citadas. Para los documentos normativos en los que no se indica el año de publicación, se aplican las ediciones vigentes, incluyendo todas sus modificaciones.
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
IRAM 11549 - Aislamiento térmico de edificios. Vocabulario. IRAM 11601 - Aislamiento térmico de edificios. Métodos de cálculo. Propiedades térmicas de los componentes y elementos de construcción en régimen estacionario. IRAM 11603 - Acondicionamiento térmico de edificios. Clasificación bioambiental de la República Argenti Argentina. na.
IRAM 11605 - Acondicionamiento térmico de edificios. Condiciones de habitabilidad en edificios. Valores máximos de transmitancia térmica en cerramientos opacos. IRAM 11659-1 - Aislamiento térmico de Edificios. Verificación de sus condiciones higrotérmicas. Ahorro Ahorro de energía energía en refrige refrigerac ración ión.. Parte Parte 1: 1: Vocabulario, definiciones, tablas y datos para determinar la carga térmica de verano.
3 SÍMBOLOS Y ABREVIATURAS Abreviatura
Definición
Unidad
ASNM
Altura sobre el nivel nivel del mar
m
Caire
Cantidad de aire recomendada para ventilación y renovación del aire
C AR
Caudal de aire a renovar
C ARP
Caudal de aire a renovar por persona
m 3/pers.
Ce
Calor específico del aire
W/(kg/ºC)
CT
Coeficiente térmico por tipo de iluminación
–
DVH
Doble vidriado hermético
–
Eequip
Emisión de calor sensible y latente del equipamiento equipamiento
W
Eilum
Emisión de calor del sistema de iluminación artificial
W/m 2
Fes
Factor de exposición solar, equivalente al coeficiente de sombra
GR
Coeficiente volumétrico de refrigeración
W/m 3
G adm
Coeficiente volumétrico de refrigeración admisible
W/m 3
m 3/h · pers. m3/h
–
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
3 Símbolos y abreviaturas (fin) abreviaturas (fin)
Abreviatura
Definición
Unidad
K
Transmitancia térmica
W/m2 · K
KTECHO
Transmitancia térmica del techo
W/m2 · K
M
Coeficiente de calor metabólico
W/pers.
Nart
Cantidad de artefactos artefact os
–
Npers.
Cantidad de personas
–
qart
Ganancias de calor debidas a los artefactos
W
qc
Ganancias de calor por conducción
W
qilum
Ganancias de calor debidas a la iluminación
W
qpers.
Ganancias de calor debidas a las personas
W
qo
Ganancias de calor por fuentes internas
W
qs
Ganancias de calor por radiación solar
W
Qa
Carga térmica por ventilación
W
Qc
Carga térmica por conducción
W
Qequip
Carga térmica debida al equipamiento equipamient o
W
Qilum
Carga térmica debida a la iluminación
W
Qpers.
Carga térmica debida a las personas
W
Qo
Carga térmica por fuentes internas
W
QR
Carga térmica total en refrigeración
W
QRadm
Carga térmica admisible en refrigeración
W
QS
Carga térmica solar
W
RSE
Resistencia superficial exterior
m 2 · K/W
RSI
Resistencia superficial interior
m 2 · K/W 2
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
4 CONDICIONES GENERALES 4.1 Evaluación 4.1.1 La evaluación de un edificio o local a los efectos del ahorro energético, se realiza en función de un parámetro denominado coeficiente volumétrico de refrigeración (G R). Esta evaluación comprende una triple verificación: a) del local o unidad habitacional refrigerada; b) del edificio refrigerado en conjunto, del cual forma parte el local o unidad habitacional; c)
de la GRadm de refrigeración, por tipo de edificio.
4.1.2 Los coeficientes Q R, GR y SR, tienen en cuenta las ganancias de calor a través de los cerramientos (opacos y no opacos) que componen la envolvente, las ganancias por renovación de aire de los locales, las ganancias debidas al sol, y las ganancias por fuentes internas del local o edificio. 4.1.3 Los valores GR, QR y SR no deben exceder los valores máximos admisibles indicados en esta norma, para cumplir con el ahorro energético requerido. 4.2 Condiciones térmicas 4.2.1 En el período estival, la temperatura y la humedad relativa de diseño en el interior de los locales, medidas en el centro del recinto a 1,50 m de altura, se indican en la tabla 2 de la IRAM 11659-1.
4.2.3 Para obtener HRMX correspondiente a 4.2.3 TDMX, se debe utilizar el diagrama psicrométrico de la figura 1 de la IRAM 11659-1. Se ingresa al diagrama con TMED y HRM, manteniendo constante w, hasta alcanzar T DMX. 4.2.4 Para la selección del valor de radiación solar se debe utilizar la tabla 10 de la IRAM 11659-1, se adopta el valor correspondiente a las 13 h (solar) como caso general, y se verifican todas las orientaciones correspondientes a dicha hora solar. Cuando la superficie vidriada de mayor tamaño se encuentra entre los cuadrantes SE-NE o NO-SO se debe realizar un segundo cálculo a la hora de mayor carga térmica solar para dicha orientación, adoptándose adoptándose la condición más desfavorable. Cuando para realizar el cálculo de la radiación solar sobre cada plano de la envolvente del edificio se emplee un programa de cálculo (software), se debe utilizar el procedimiento indicado en el anexo A de la IRAM 11659-1, y se debe verificar que los valores resultantes no presenten una variación mayor que ± 5% respecto de los valores indicados in dicados en las tablas 9 y 10 de la IRAM 11659-1. 4.2.5 El factor de exposición solar (F es) de la envolvente vidriada se indica en la tabla 13 de la IRAM 11659-1, debiendo ser de 0,10 como mínimo y debe especificarse en planos y detalles de arquitectura el tipo de vidrio y las protecciones solares utilizados. NOTA. Si bien en la tabla 13 de la IRAM 11659-1, se indican valores menores que 0,10 de Fes, a los efectos de la verificación se debe tomar el valor indicado.
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
4.2.7 El calor metabólico emitido por las personas, según la intensidad del tipo de actividad realizada, se indica en la tabla 11 de la IRAM 11659-1.
de radiación directa al local refrigerado. Se recomienda el control del ingreso de la radiación solar difusa (I d).
4.2.8 La emisión de calor del sistema de iluminación artificial (E ilum) se indica en las tablas 4 y 5 de la IRAM 11659-1, y debe ser mayor que 0,20. Cuando se cuenta con un proyecto luminotécnico se deben utilizar dichos valores, y se debe adjuntar una copia del mismo a la verificación de Q R, GR o SR.
5 REQUISITOS
4.2.9 La emisión de calor sensible y latente del equipamiento (Eequip) está establecida en la tabla 7 de la IRAM 1659-1. Se debe contemplar un factor de uso del equipo. 4.2.10 La cantidad de aire recomendada para la ventilación de locales tipo (C aire), según la intensidad de la actividad realizada, por persona, se indica en la tabla 8 de la IRAM 11659-1. 4.3 Envolvente 4.3.1 Locales de subsuelo y locales no refrigerados externos. La externos. La envolvente del edificio o local refrigerado excluye a los locales de subsuelo y puede incluir o no a los locales no refrigerados externos, de acuerdo con el criterio del proyectista. En todos los casos el volumen a utilizar en el cálculo es el comprendido por la envolvente interior. 4.3.2 Locales de edificios contiguos a la envolvente. A envolvente. A los efectos del cálculo del G R del local refrigerado, los locales contiguos a la envolvente, se consideran en todos los casos, ya sean refrigerados o no, como locales no refrigerados.
5.1 Requisitos generales 5.1.1 Los valores máximos admisibles establecidos para GRadm, limitan las ganancias de calor por unidad de volumen del edificio o local refrigerado para mantener un determinado nivel de ahorro y uso racional de energía. 5.1.2 A los efectos del cumplimiento de esta 5.1.2 norma se debe tener en cuenta lo siguiente: a) se establecen como valores máximos admisibles de QR, GR y SR para viviendas o edificios de viviendas tipo, los obtenidos de las figuras y tablas (1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, y 3C), para la T DMX correspondiente a la localidad de emplazamiento del edificio proyectado, o la más próxima con similar ASNM. ASNM. Si la localida localidad d se encuentr encuentra a a mayor ASNM que que la localidad localidad de referencia referencia indicaindicada en la IRAM 11603, se puede disminuir la TDMX en 1 ºC por cada 100 m de altura, de jándose jándose a criterio criterio del proyectista proyectista su aplicaaplicación; b) se entiende como edificio tipo casa a la estructura que contiene un individuo o grupo familiar con un volumen refrigerado entre 30 m3 y 1 000 m3. Para obtener los valores necesarios se deben utilizar las figuras 1A, 2A (a), 2A (b) y 3A y las tablas 1A, 2A y 3A;
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
d) se entiende como edificio tipo torre a la estructura que contiene varias unidades habitacionales y servicios comunes con un volumen refrigerado entre 1 000 m 3 y 10 000 m3, la altura del edificio debe estar comprendida entre los 4 pisos y los 34 pisos. Para obtener los valores necesarios se deben utilizar las figuras 1C, 2C y 3C y las tablas 1C, 2C y 3C.
5.2 Valores máximos admisibles y de cálculo 5.2.1 Según el valor del proyecto de la vivienda refrigerada, de acuerdo al tipo edilicio correspondiente, y por medio de la curva de T DMX, se obtiene el valor máximo admisible con los coeficientes admisibles de refrigeración Q R, GR y SR, en las figuras o interpolando los valores de las tablas siguientes:
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1 2
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Tabla 1A – Valores de QRadm (tipo casa), en watt Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 30 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000
30 1152 1551 2276 2886 3436 3948 4433 4897 5345 5780 6203 6618 7023 7422 7814 8201 8583 8959 9332 9700 10065
31 1228 1654 2424 3071 3654 4197 4712 5204 5679 6140 6589 7028 7459 7881 8297 8707 9111 9510 9905 10296 10682
32 1304 1756 2570 3254 3871 4444 4988 5508 6010 6497 6971 7435 7889 8336 8775 9207 9634 10056 10473 10885 11293
33 1380 1859 2717 3438 4088 4693 5266 5814 6343 6856 7356 7845 8324 8795 9257 9714 10163 10608 11047 11482 11912
34 1455 1960 2862 3620 4303 4939 5541 6117 6673 7212 7738 8251 8755 9249 9735 10215 10687 11154 11616 12073 12525
35 1531 2063 3008 3803 4520 5187 5818 6423 7006 7572 8123 8662 9190 9708 10219 10721 11217 11707 12192 12671 13145
36 1606 2164 3153 3985 4734 5432 6093 6725 7335 7927 8504 9068 9620 10163 10697 11223 11742 12255 12762 13263 13760
37 1681 2266 3299 4167 4950 5679 6369 7030 7667 8286 8889 9478 947 8 10055 10622 11180 11730 12273 12809 13339 13863 14382
38 1755 2367 3443 4348 5164 5923 6642 7331 7996 8641 9269 9884 10486 11077 11659 12233 12798 13357 13910 14457 14998
39 1830 2469 3588 4529 5379 6169 6918 7635 8327 8999 9653 10293 10921 11537 12143 12740 13330 13912 14488 15058 15622
40 1904 2570 3731 4709 5591 6412 7191 7936 8655 9353 10034 10699 11351 11992 12622 13243 13856 14462 15060 15653 16240
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17000 16000 15000 14000 13000 12000 11000 ) W 10000 ( m d 9000 a R Q 8000
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC
7000 6000 5000
34ºC 35ºC
4000
36ºC 37ºC
3000
38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
2000 1000 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Volumen (m3) Volumen (m3) 1 3
Figura 1A – Curvas QRadm (tipo casa)
700
800
900
1000
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I R A M
1 4
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
Tabla 2A – Valores de GRadm (tipo casa), en watt por metro cúbico Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 30 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000
30 38,40 31,02 22,76 19,24 17,18 15,79 14,78 13,99 13,36 12,84 12,41 12,03 11,71 11,42 11,16 10,93 10,73 10,54 10,37 10,21 10,07
31 40,95 40,95 33,08 33,08 24,24 20,47 18,27 16,79 15,71 14,87 14,20 13,64 13,18 12,78 12,43 12,12 11,85 11,61 11,39 11,19 11,01 10,84 10,68
32 43,47 43,47 35,12 35,12 25,70 21,69 19,35 17,78 16,63 15,74 15,02 14,44 13,94 13,52 13,15 12,82 12,54 12,28 12,04 11,83 11,64 11,46 11,29
33 46,00 37,17 27,17 22,92 20,44 18,77 17,55 16,61 15,86 15,24 14,71 14,26 13,87 13,53 13,22 12,95 12,70 12,48 12,27 12,09 11,91
34 48,51 39,20 28,62 28,62 24,13 24,13 21,52 21,52 19,76 19,76 18,47 18,47 17,48 17,48 16,68 16,68 16,03 16,03 15,48 15,48 15,00 15,00 14,59 14,59 14,23 14,23 13,91 13,91 13,62 13,62 13,36 13,36 13,12 13,12 12,91 12,91 12,71 12,71 12,52
35 51,03 51,03 41,25 41,25 30,08 25,36 22,60 20,75 19,39 18,35 17,51 16,83 16,25 15,75 15,32 14,94 14,60 14,30 14,02 13,77 13,55 13,34 13,15 13,15
36 53,53 43,28 31,53 26,56 23,67 21,73 20,31 19,21 18,34 17,62 17,01 16,49 16,03 15,64 15,28 14,96 14,68 14,42 14,18 13,96 13,76
37 56,03 45,32 32,99 27,78 24,75 22,72 21,23 20,08 19,17 18,41 17,78 17,23 16,76 16,34 15,97 15,64 15,34 15,07 14,82 14,59 14,38
38 58,51 58,51 47,34 47,34 34,43 28,98 25,82 23,69 22,14 20,95 19,99 19,20 18,54 17,97 17,48 17,04 16,66 16,31 16,00 15,71 15,46 15,22 15,00
39 61,01 49,38 35,88 35,88 30,19 30,19 26,89 26,89 24,68 24,68 23,06 23,06 21,81 21,81 20,82 20,82 20,00 20,00 19,31 19,31 18,78 18,78 18,20 18,20 17,75 17,75 17,35 17,35 16,99 16,99 16,66 16,66 16,37 16,37 16,10 16,10 15,85 15,85 15,62
40 63,48 51,39 37,31 31,39 27,96 25,65 23,97 22,67 21,64 20,79 20,07 19,45 18,92 18,45 18,03 17,66 17,32 17,01 16,73 16,48 16,24
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70
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC 38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
60
50 ) m / W (
3
m40 d a R G
30
20
10 0
50
10 0
15 0
20 0
Volumen (m3) 1 5
Figura 2A (a) – Curvas GRadm (tipo casa de 30 m3 a 300 m3)
25 0
30 0
I R A M
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1 6
I R A M
25
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC 38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
20 ) m / W (
3
m d a R G
15
10 300
400
500
600 700 33) Volumen Volu men (m3) (m Volumen (m )
800
Figura 2A (b) – Curvas GRadm (tipo casa de 300 m3 a 1000 m3)
900
1000
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
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Tabla 3A – Valores de SRadm (tipo casa), en watt por metro cuadrado Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
30 102,04 78,60 67,47 60,54 55,66 51,96 49,03 46,63 44,60 42,87 36,80 33,02 30,36 28,34 26,74 25,43 24,33 23,85
31 108,86 83,77 71,86 64,45 64,45 59,24 59,24 55,29 55,29 52,16 52,16 49,59 49,59 47,43 47,43 45,58 39,10 35,07 32,24 30,09 28,38 26,99 25,81 25,30
32 115,61 88,88 76,20 68,33 68,33 62,78 62,78 58,58 58,58 55,26 55,26 52,53 52,53 50,23 50,23 48,26 41,38 37,10 34,09 31,81 30,01 28,52 27,28 26,73
33 122,38 94,02 80,58 72,22 66,35 61,90 58,38 55,48 53,05 50,97 43,68 39,16 35,97 33,56 31,65 30,08 28,76 28,18
34 129,02 99,04 84,84 76,02 69,82 65,13 61,41 58,36 55,79 53,60 45,91 41,14 37,78 35,24 33,23 31,58 30,19 29,58
35 135,81 104,21 89,26 79,97 79,97 73,43 73,43 68,49 68,49 64,57 64,57 61,36 61,36 58,66 58,66 56,35 48,26 43,24 39,70 37,03 34,91 33,18 31,72 31,07
36 142,47 109,27 93,56 83,81 83,81 76,95 76,95 71,76 71,76 67,65 67,65 64,28 64,28 61,45 61,45 59,02 50,54 45,27 41,56 38,76 36,54 34,72 33,19 32,52
37 149,14 114,35 97,89 87,67 80,49 75,06 70,75 67,22 64,26 61,71 52,83 49,35 43,44 40,51 38,18 36,28 34,68 33,97
38 155,75 119,38 102,18 91,50 83,99 78,32 73,82 70,13 67,04 64,38 55,10 49,35 45,30 42,24 39,81 37,82 36,15 35,41
39 162,43 124,47 106,52 95,38 95,38 87,55 87,55 81,63 81,63 76,94 76,94 73,09 73,09 69,86 69,86 67,09 57,41 51,41 47,19 44,00 41,47 39,39 37,65 36,88
40 168,95 129,44 110,76 99,17 91,02 84,86 79,98 75,98 72,62 69,73 59,67 53,43 49,04 45,72 43,09 40,93 39,12 38,32
I R A
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I R A M
1 8
170 160 150 140 130 120 110 ) 2 m100 / W ( m 90 d a R S 80
70 60 50 40 30
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC 38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
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Tabla 1B – Valores de QRadm (tipo bloque), en watt Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500 10000
30 19543 27071 34294 41314 48191 54958 61640 68251 74803 81305 87763 94183 100569 106925 113254 119557 125838 132098 138339
31 20429 28255 35756 43043 50178 57198 64126 70980 77771 7777 1 84509 91201 97852 104468 111051 117606 124134 130638 137120 143582
32 21308 29430 37208 44761 52153 59424 66598 73694 80723 87697 94622 101504 108348 115158 121938 128690 135417 142120 148802
33 22207 30635 38703 46533 54194 61728 69160 76510 83790 91011 98181 105306 112391 119441 126458 133447 140408 147346 154260
34 23098 31832 40188 48294 56223 64019 71708 79311 86841 8684 1 94309 101723 109091 116416 123704 130959 138183 145379 152549 159696
35 24008 33060 41714 50109 58318 66388 74346 82214 90006 97733 105404 113026 120604 128143 135647 143119 150562 157978 165370
36 24911 34278 43231 51913 60401 68744 76970 85103 93156 101141 109068 116944 124774 132564 140316 148036 155725 163386 171021
37 25834 35528 44790 53770 62550 71177 79684 88093 96420 9642 0 104676 112871 121013 129107 137159 145173 153152 161100 169019 176910
38 26749 36769 46340 55617 64687 73598 82385 91069 99668 108194 116657 125064 133422 141736 150010 158249 166454 174630 182778
39 27684 38040 47931 57518 66889 76097 85175 94147 103031 111838 120581 129266 137900 146488 155035 163545 172021 180466 188882
40 28611 39302 49512 59408 69080 78582 87951 97210 106378 115467 124488 133450 142359 151221 160041 168822 177568 186281 194965
I R A
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I R A M
2 0
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
200000 190000 180000 170000 160000 150000 140000 130000 120000
) W 110000 ( m d 100000 a R Q 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC 38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
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Tabla 2B – Valores de GRadm (tipo bloque), en watt por metro cúbico
Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 1000 1440 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500 10000
30 19,54 18,05 17,15 16,53 16,06 15,70 15,41 15,17 14,96 14,78 14,63 14,49 14,37 14,26 14,16 14,07 13,98 13,91 13,83
31 20,43 18,84 17,88 17,22 16,73 16,34 16,03 15,77 15,55 15,37 15,20 15,05 14,92 14,81 14,70 14,60 14,52 14,43 14,36
32 21,31 19,62 18,60 17,90 17,38 16,98 16,65 16,38 16,14 15,94 15,77 15,62 15,48 15,35 15,24 15,14 15,05 14,96 14,88
33 22,21 20,42 19,35 18,61 18,06 17,64 17,29 17,00 16,76 16,55 16,36 16,20 16,06 15,93 15,81 15,70 15,60 15,51 15,43
34 23,10 21,22 20,09 19,32 18,74 18,29 17,93 17,62 17,37 17,15 16,95 16,78 16,63 16,49 16,37 16,26 16,15 16,06 15,97
35 24,01 22,04 20,86 20,04 19,44 18,97 18,59 18,27 18,00 17,77 17,57 17,39 17,23 17,09 16,96 16,84 16,73 16,63 16,54
36 24,91 22,85 21,62 20,77 20,13 19,64 19,24 18,91 18,63 18,39 18,18 17,99 17,82 17,68 17,54 17,42 17,30 17,20 17,10
37 25,83 23,69 22,40 21,51 20,85 20,34 19,92 19,58 19,28 19,03 18,81 18,62 18,44 18,29 18,15 18,02 17,90 17,79 17,69
38 26,75 24,51 23,17 22,25 21,56 21,03 20,60 20,24 19,93 19,67 19,44 19,24 19,06 18,90 18,75 18,62 18,49 18,38 18,28
39 27,68 25,36 23,97 23,01 22,30 21,74 21,29 20,92 20,61 20,33 20,10 19,89 19,70 19,53 19,38 19,24 19,11 19,00 18,89
40 28,61 26,20 24,76 23,76 23,03 22,45 21,99 21,60 21,28 20,99 20,75 20,53 20,34 20,16 20,01 19,86 19,73 19,61 19,50
I R A M
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I R A M
2 2
30 30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC 38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
) m / W ( 20 m
3
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
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Tabla 3B – Valores de SRadm (tipo bloque), en watt por metro cuadrado Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
30 50,82 47,93 45,98 44,52 43,36 42,41 41,60 40,90
31 53,09 50,01 47,93 46,38 45,15 44,14 43,28 42,53
32 55,34 52,07 49,87 48,23 46,93 45,85 44,94 44,16
33 57,64 54,19 51,87 50,13 48,76 47,63 46,67 45,84
34 59,93 56,29 53,85 52,03 50,58 49,39 48,39 47,51
35 62,27 58,46 55,89 53,98 52,47 51,22 50,17 49,26
36 64,59 60,60 57,92 55,92 54,34 53,04 51,94 50,98
37 66,97 62,80 60,01 57,92 56,27 54,92 53,77 52,77
38 69,33 64,99 62,08 59,91 58,20 56,78 55,59 54,56
39 71,74 67,23 64,21 61,96 60,18 58,71 57,47 56,40
40 74,13 69,46 66,33 63,99 62,15 60,63 59,35 58,23
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I R A M
2 4
80 30ºC 31ºC 32ºC 70
33ºC 34ºC 35ºC 36ºC 37ºC
) m / W (
2
m
60
38ºC 39ºC 40ºC
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
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Tabla 1C – Valores de QRadm (tipo torre), en watt
Temperatura (ºC)
Volumen (m3) 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
30 17174 24682 32190 39698 47206 54714
31 18099 26026 33953 41880 49807 57735
32 19017 27361 35704 44047 52390 60733
33 19956 28725 37494 46263 55032 63801
34 20888 30080 39272 48463 57655 66846
35 21841 31465 41089 50713 60337 69961
36 22787 32840 42894 52947 63001 73054
37 23753 34245 44738 55231 65724 76216
38 24712 35641 46570 57499 68428 79357
39 25692 37067 48441 59816 71191 82566
40 26665 38483 50301 62118 73936 85753
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I R A M
2 6
1 1 6 5 9 2 : 2 0 0 7
200000
) W
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Tabla 2C – Valores de GRadm (tipo torre), en watt por metro cúbico
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I R A M
2 8
30
30ºC 31ºC 32ºC
1 1 6 5 9
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Tabla 3C – Valores de SRadm (tipo torre), en watt por metro cúbico
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I R A M
3 0
75 30ºC
1 1 6 5 9 2
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IRAM 11659-2:2007
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