Internship Report Pakistan International Air line

A REPORT WRITING ON FINANCE DEPARTMENT:PIA

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This report writing is comprehensively written in such a way that it contains a complete first hand information about the whole engineering Complex/department and the major sections involved in it and is subject to the june-ju june-july ly interns internship hip experie experience nce of the PIA enginee engineering ring departm department ent under under the supervision of PIA concerned officials. This report has been prepared as per requirement for the internship and the information in this report was provided from the engg: Department officials and individual efforts made by the internees from Pakistan Air Force - Karachi Institute of Economics & Technology. Hence it can be used as a reference book to acquire first hand knowledge of PIA engineering Complex. Specially those who are new to PIA can make better use of it, because it not only contains information about engg: department but also shares the key information about its its envi enviro ronm nmen ent, t, poli polici cies es,, flee fleett and and othe otherr sect sectio ions ns that that come come unde underr its its supe supervi rvisi sion on.. Huge Huge effor efforts ts have have been been made made to provid provide e corre correct ct and and relev relevan antt info inform rmat atio ion n in this this rep report. ort. No one one amon among g grou group p memb member ers s will ill be held held responsible as in case of Irrelevancy of information & for any matter that may create trouble for the internees of this group. Lastly it will be injustice not to mention the name of our internship supervisors who wh o remai remaine ned d infor informat mativ ive e to us,: us,: Fara Faraz z Ahmed Ahmed,, Sana Sana Saeed Saeed & othe otherr senio senior r technic technicians ians.. I also deeply deeply acknow acknowledg ledge e my gratitud gratitude e to Mr Saud Saud Ahmed, Ahmed, Miss Miss Sabi Sabiha ha Shah Shah wh whos ose e coop cooper erat atio ion n and and full full supp suppor ortt led led me to succ succes essf sful ul completion of my Internship and hence this report writing.

Dated: July-20-09

SALEEM AHMED

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed


FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION S NO:

CONTENTS

PAGE NO

1.

INTRODUCTION

3

2.

BRIEF HISTORY

4

3.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

5

4.

PIA ENGINEERING COMPLEX

6-15

5.

PIA HEALTH SAFETY & QUALITY POLICY

16-18

6.

PIA FLEET

7.

PIA IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT

21

8.

PIA-AIRCRAFT KITCHEN

22

GROUND HANDLING OF AIRCRAFTS

23

GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENT USED IN AN AIRCRAFT

24-26

19-20

9.

10.

11.

PIA AT PRESENT

12.

27 28

FUTURE PLANS OF PIA 13

29 FINANCE DEPARTMENT (FUND MANAGEMENT & COST BUDGET)

14 COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS




INT RODUCTION PIA, Pakistan international airline is one among the highly renowned and reputed organizations of Pakistan that is serving the nation for more than 40 years. PIA is driven by the highest standards of corporate governance and social responsibility. As a public sector organization and a business leader, PIA believes in building strong relationships with customers, partners, employees, and the communities in which it operates. The orga or gani niza zati tion on''s valu values es are are exem exempl pliified fied in a range ange of corp corpor orat ate e init initia iati tive ves s desi designe gned d to impac impactt posi positi tivel vely y on the the lives lives of mult multipl iple e stakeh stakehol olde ders. rs. PIA PIA pr prac actic tices es activ active e corpo corpora rate te citi citize zens nshi hip p throu through gh social services, support for non-profit organizations, medical services for employees, the promotion of sports, and educational initiatives. PIA has has insti nstitu tuti tion onal aliized zed the the pr prac acti tice ce of good good gove goverrnanc nance e by establ establis ishi hing ng a Corp Corpor orate ate Soci Social al Resp Respons onsib ibil ilit ity y Comm Commit ittee tee.. The The Committee provides a platform to evaluate, update, and recommend best practices as PIA continues on its mission to adhere to business ethics ethics and stamp stamp out corrupt corruption ion.. Corpor Corporate ate Social Social Responsi Responsibil bility ity (CS (CSR) is woven oven into into the fabr fabric ic of dail daily y oper operat atio ions ns at PIA. PIA. Our Our employees wholeheartedly contribute to our commitment to develop the the or orga ganiz nizati ation, on, the commu communi niti ties es in wh whic ich h we func functi tion on,, and and the the country.




BRIEF HISTORY Pakistan International Airline was formed on 11th march 1954 with merged services of Orient Airways. Three COnvair 240 and later three LOCK LOCKHE HEED ED L104 L1049 9 supe superr cons conste tella llati tion on airc aircra raft fts s were added to the existing fleet of eleven DC-3 aircrafts, this made east and west linked by non stop stop flig flight hts. s. Tw Two o year years s late later, r, firs firstt inte intern rnat atio iona nall flig flight ht was was intr introd oduc uced ed with with supe superr cons conste tell llat atio ion n aircraft from Karachi - London via Cairo/Rome.




AIMS & OBJECTIVES PIA's vision is to be a world class airline that exceeds customer expectations thro throug ugh h dedi dedicat cated ed emplo employee yees, s, commi committe tted d to excel excellen lence. ce. Let Let us join join us and and contribute to making Pakistan's national airline a global carrier of choice. The The aims aims and and obje object ctiv ives es of PIA PIA incl includ ude e ensu ensuri ring ng safe safety ty and and qual qualit ity y from from customer’s point of view. Quality and efficient maintenance of Aircraft components is the high highes estt priori priority ty and and the the goal goal of the the orga organi nizat zatio ion. n. The The facto factors rs behin behind d succe successf ssful ul achi achieve evemen mentt of the the goals goals incl includ ude e safety safety,, reliab reliabil ility ity,, perfo perform rmanc ance, e, customer values and satisfaction. Moreover it involves improving the quality of all prod produc ucts ts and and servi service ces. s. It ensur ensures es good good maint maintena enanc nce e pract practic ices es throu through gh the appl applica icatio tion n of human human facto factors rs prin princip ciples les,, encou encourag ragin ing g perso personn nnel els s to repo report rt maintenance related errors. It is the responsibility of all personnels of engg: department to extend full cooperation with quality auditors in order to promote quality, safety standards and to compliance with procedures. This leads the personnels to be dedicated, result oriented and to be devoted to their work. In result, employees working in PIA are provided with remuneration, bonus, gratituity, rewards, praise, allounces, packages, high salaries and other benefits due to their being sincere and dedicated to their work. As a leading corporation, headquartered in Karachi, Pakista Pakistan, n, it is PIA’s PIA’s respons responsibil ibility ity to nurture nurture and develo develop p talented talented,, motivate motivated d individuals. Throug Throughou houtt one’s one’s career career with with PIA, PIA, one will will be provide provided d with opportun opportunitie ities s for professional, technical and personal development. In return, it expects one to work with dedication, integrity, and 100% commitment as PIA strives to become a world class airline. PIA is an equal opportunities employer and aims to ensure that no job applicant or employ employee ee receives receives unfavorabl unfavorable e treatmen treatmentt on the grounds grounds of gender, gender, race, race, color, ethnic origin, religion, or disability. All appointments are made on the basis of merit. Report writing by Saleem Ahmed



(An Engineering Solutions for a Quality, Safety, and Cost Conscious Aviation Avi ation Industry)

PIA Engineering is an established Aircraft Maintenance and Repair organization that provides world-class solutions to the aviation industry. PIA's Engineering Base, head-quartered at Jinnah International Airport, Karachi, is acclaimed as one of Asia's best. Strategically located for the convenience of airlines whose operations extend to Asia, it is equipped with the most advanced, modern aircraft maintenance and overhaul facilities and is manned by a team of highly trained personnel. PIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a source source of attrac attractio tion n for for regio regional nal airlin airlines es that that requi require re aircra aircraft ft maint maintena enance nce suppo support. rt. PIA PIA Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the organization organization global rec ognition ognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance. PIA Engineering delivers maintenance and overhauling services for customers as well as PIA's fleet of aircraft in accordance with the maintenance schedule approved by the Civil Aviation Authority, Pakistan and the European Aviation Safety Agency (under EASA PART-145 approval).

PIA’s large and diverse scope of maintenance include services of following aircrafts:

Aircraft Boeing 747-300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2 and Airbus A310-300.

Technical Excellence, Competitive Rates, Proven Ability PIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a source source of attrac attractio tion n for for regio regional nal airlin airlines es that that requi require re aircra aircraft ft maint maintena enance nce suppo support. rt. PIA PIA Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the organization organization global rec ognition ognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance.




PIA Engineering - Areas and Services 1) Base Maintenance Engg: dept offers a cost-effective and high quality Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul Services for its airline fleet? Entru Entrust st PIA Engin Engineer eering ing,, an EASA EASA Part-1 Part-145 45 appro approved ved MRO MRO with with the the most most extens extensive ive maintenan maintenance ce capabilit capabilities, ies, with your engineer engineering ing and maintenan maintenance ce requirem requirements. ents. Our clientele comprises of large numbers of international operators operators and our experience of over 50 years enables us to find the right solutions for all your operational and maintenance needs. Our services are tailored to your airline's needs. Our highly qualified engineering personnel offer comprehensive engineering services, backed up by excellent equipment and systems. We have sufficient aircraft support dock installations installations in the hangars, as well as trained manpower and tooling, to undertake simultaneous work on various types of aircraft in your fleet, around the clock.

Dept: offer Base Maintenance services in the following areas: •

Structural Modifications The Base Maintenance team is backed up with a state-of-the art Structure Repair Shop which can perform repairs on individual structural components components of aircraft and also has the capability to develop repair schemes.




•

Avionics Modifications PIA Engineering has been involved in all the recent aircraft retrofit programs, based on new requirements; such as TCAS-II, SUPERAHARS, GPS, EGPWS 8,33 kHz VHF, RVSM, and B-RNAV. With a group of avionics modification specialists, no installation job or STC implementation is too large or too complex for us. We have successfully completed a full inst instal alla lati tion on of the the MAS MAS -200 -2000E 0E and and also also have have in-h in-hou ouse se exper experti tise se in MASMAS-30 3000 00E E installations and other In Flight Entertainment solutions.

•

• • • • • •

Painting Base Maintenance team offers c omprehensive omprehensive aircraft painting services, including but not limited to: Sign Painting Decals Placards Drawing of Logos Engraving of Cockpit Instrument Panels Write-ups in the Interior & Exterior of Aircrafts

2) Line Maintenance Our highly skilled Line Maintenance team in Karachi undertakes and releases the full range of cabin tasks and In Flight Entertainment (IFE) checks during transit, along with regular transit tasks for Boeing 777, 747, 737 and Airbus A310, A300 B4, Fokker F-27, and ATR-42, ATR-42, under EASA Part-145 Part-145 and CAA Pakistan. Pakistan. Our Line Maintenance Maintenance division division is backed by extensive shop support and substantial stocks of spare parts inventory and is amongst the region's most experienced facilities. As part of our Line Maintenance services, PIA Engineering also maintains the appearance and quality of your aircraft's cabin and exterior. Our Line Maintenance facilities cover the complete range of an aircraft's routine maintenance and inspection requirements. We have sufficient aircraft support dock installations in 4 hangars with the requisite trained manpower and tooling to undertake simultaneous work on various types of aircraft in your fleet, around the clock. PIA Engi Enginee neerin ring g offer offers s excell excellent ent Line Line Maint Maintena enanc nce e at all Intern Internati ation onal/ al/Co Comme mmerci rcial al airports in Pakistan and large numbers of line stations around the globe.

3) Power Plant and Overhaul PIA's Power Plant Shops offer comprehensive repair, overhaul modification, testing and calibration services for a range of aircraft engines and APUs such as: PIA Engineering's Engine Overhaul Workshop is acclaimed as one of the most modern and best equipped




engine repair and overhaul facilities in the region. Spread over an area of 9,072 square meters, the workshop offers high-class platin plating g facili facilitie ties; s; both both manual manual,, as well well as robot robotic ic plasm plasma a flame flame spray spray.. The The Engi Engine ne Overhaul Workshop also includes a heat treatment shop with a vacuum heat treatment facility.

An independent machine shop, attached to the Engine Overhaul Workshop, is equipped with with severa severall precis precision ion machin machines es used used for for the the repair repair and modifi modificat catio ion n of engin engine e components components during the overhaul process. A key feature of the Engine Overhaul Workshop is the jet engine test facility, designed to test aero engines up to a maximum capacity of 100,000 lbs thrust, airflow of 3,000 lbs/sec and an engine weight of 15,000 lbs. The test cell has recently been upgraded with a cutting-edge test cell data acquisition system system,, the ASE20 ASE2000. 00. The The ASE20 ASE2000 00 can be used used to accomm accommod odate ate all FADE FADEC/E C/EEC EC powered engines.

4) Engine Condition Monitoring PIA Engin Engineer eering ing devel develop ops s and maint maintain ains s engin engine e reliab reliabili ility ty and and engin engine e oil oil analys analysis is programs for the engines and APUs shown in the table above. 24/7 support services are also provided for operators in any geographical location.

5) Maintenance & Operations Control (MOC) The Maintenance & Operations Operations Control Division offers comprehensive planning, materials, repairs, and logistics services to the highest international standards. standards. The MOC Division is powe powere red d by full fullyy-in inte tegr grat ated ed comp comput uter er syst system ems s to ensu ensure re effi effici cien entt sche schedu duli ling ng,, administration, monitoring and control of maintenance activities, as well as cost-effective management of spares, equipment and resources. Engineering Automation provides information system solutions to all divisions enabling functional functional integration, integration, resource optimization and technical reliability improvements. Being in a standardized technical environment and using common a information architecture based on IBM SNA, this shared network approach has resulted in enhanced user systems to improve fleet dispatch reliability performance. In addition, the division conducts time and motion studies to develop consolidated man-hour man-hour plans for all the sections of the PIA Engineer Engineering ing Complex, Complex, ensuring ensuring optimal optimal utilizati utilization on of human human resources resources during during critical critical projects. MOC coordinates core departments and external handling agencies to ensure prompt aircraft turnaround times with minimum technical delays, using the latest, state-of-the-art systems. MOC plays a pivotal role in aircraft on-ground situations that require skilled and dynamic responses. MOC provides support around the clock, with dedicated engineering personnel who liaise closely with operational departments and flight crews to ensure that operations run smoothly, and to minimize the impact of unscheduled maintenance and technical delays.




The team of specialists is committed to providing the highest levels of support and services: •

•

•

•

•

Maximum fleet availability and serviceability via the production of long and short term maintenance plans Optimum scheduling and availability of an entire aircraft's inventory Development of Engineering Management Software solutions solutions to manage the diverse needs of our customers Conducting time and motion studies in the aviation sector to develop man-hour plans to ensure optimal utilization of human resources Conducting On Job Training (OJT) on approved aircraft types, engines and systems

6) Avionics Overhaul

• • • • •

PIA's PIA's Overhaul Overhaul Shops Shops offer offer repair, repair, overhaul overhaul modificatio modification, n, testing, testing, and calibrat calibration ion of a range of mechanical, electrical and electronic aircraft components and accessories for Boeing 737, 747 Airbus A300B4, A310, and F-27, including: Analog and Digital Instrumentation Electrical, Hydraulic and Pneumatic System Components Fuel Measuring and Engine Accessory Components `Cabin Furnishing and Passenger Entertainment Units Oxygen and Safety Equipment Avionics Shops are well equipped with the latest testing and overhauling facilities, such as Automated Test Equipment ATEC 6000, ATEC 4000 and the IRS Tester .

The shops provide maintenance support for the following: • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • •

Electrical Power Generation and Control Systems Equipment Equipment Anti Skid Control Systems Components Aircraft Information Management System Components Components Aircraft Batteries Aircraft Environment Control System Equipment Galley Equipment such as Fridges, Boilers and Ovens Interior and Exterior Lighting System Components Aircraft Engine Ignition, Engine Vibration Monitoring System Components Fuel Control Valves and Fuel Boost Pumps Communication System Components (VHF and UHF) Instrument Landing System Components Navigation System Components and Autopilot Autopilot System GPWS (Ground Proximity Warning Systems) Components LRRA (Low Range Radio Altimeter), DME/ATC Transponder System Components Flight Management Computer and Related Components




•

Audio Entertainment Systems Weather Radar Systems Aircraft Pressurizing Components Quantity, Temperature and Pressure Transmitters and Indicators Fuel Quantity Computers

•

Crew Breathing/Oxygen System Components

• • • •

Our Accessories Overhaul Shops are equipped with modern testing equipment such as test stands from GREER, Bäur of USA, and Vickers System of West Germany for testing hydraulic components. The shops provide support in the following areas: • •

•

•

• • •

Complete overhaul and repair of landing gears of Airbus A300, A310, B737, F-27 Aircraft Capability and expertise in wheel and brake overhauling for B777, 747, 737 & AIRBUS A300B4/A310 Aircraft Entire range of hydraulic, fuel, oil and miscellaneous systems (mechanical) components ranging from a check valve to the most sophisticated equipment equipment installed on A-310, A300, B747, B737-300 and F-27 aircraft Repair and overhaul of engine fuel accessories such as the MEC for CF6 engine, CIT Sensors, etc. Steering components Repair, overhaul and testing of APU fuel components Repair and overhaul of mechanical, hydrometric and electrical propellers, constant speed units, pitch control units, bleed valve, anti-ice valve, water system components of entire PIA fleet and other propeller accessories.

7) Cabin Services • • • •

At the PIA Engineering Complex, we are committed to defect-free cabins and the spotless appearance of your aircraft. We repair, replace, overhaul, modify and test: Cabin and Crew Seats Survival Equipment Galley Upholstery In order to maintain our commitment to world-class quality, the PIA Engineering Complex has created a separate separate division division specifically specifically geared to the satisfaction satisfaction of the modern traveler. This division has been split into three parts to support customer amenity items during short transit checks and long duration heavy "D" and "C" checks.

8) Aircraft Furnishing The aircraft furnishing section, located in the Ispahani Hangar, is responsible for customer ameni amenity ty items items that that are refurb refurbish ished ed durin during g heavy heavy aircra aircraft ft check checks. s. A large large wo workf rkfor orce ce comprised comprised of dedicated dedicated,, well trained engineers engineers and technicia technicians, ns, are responsib responsible le for plann plannin ing g and execut executing ing activi activitie ties s that that ensur ensure e that that all custo customer mer ameni amenity ty items items are maintained in a top of the line condition.




Full Full-f -fle ledg dged ed back ack shop shop supp suppor ortt consists of a seat shop where all the seats installed on the PIA fleet are maintained, including including the cockpit seats of the B-777, B-747-200/300, A-310, A-

300, B-737 and the F-27. F-27. The aircraft furnishing furnishing section also maintains maintains safety safety items, items, including life rafts and individual floatation devices on board the aircraft. A plastic repair shop also operates under the management of this section to ensure that plastic repairs are done in-house and that costly turn around times for amenity items are avoided.

Capabilities and Services: • • • •

•

Complete cabin refurbishment refurbishment of all types of aircraft Overhaul of flight safety equipment installed on the PIA fleet Stripping and repainting of interiors and exteriors of aircraft Overhaul of passenger and crew seats, galleys and toilets of aircraft such as Boeing 747300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2 and Airbus A310-300 Fabrication of galleys for F-27

9) Aircraft Appearance Operating under the Line Maintenance division, this section maintains the upkeep and outlook of aircraft exterior and ensures that cabins are always presentable. Dedicated and trained aircraft engineers and technicians, working round-the-clock round-the-clock in three shifts, ensure that amenity items which may be handled in a transit check are taken care of.

Capabilities and Services: •

• • • •

Complete cabin items coverage of transit checks for the B-747-200/300, B-777, B-737, A310, A300 and the F-27 Small exterior painting jobs Installation and removal of seat covers Installation and fabrication of toilets Maintenance of safety items

10) In Flight Entertainment The In Fight Entertainment (IFE) system is one of the most crucial systems as far as the brand equity of an airline is concerned, since it directly impacts a passengers' comfort during long haul flights. flights. The maintenance of these systems is becoming extremely critical as airlines strive to up the ante in order to maintain a competitive edge in the passenger transport business. Video On Demand, Internet Access, Satellite Telephony, Interactive Games and In Flight Telephony Telephony are the value-added services that airlines are adding to their regular offering of




Musi Music c and and Movi Movies es on pass passen enge ger r seats. However this has resulted in IFE systems becoming complex and more expensive to maintain.

Capabilities and Services: The PIA Engineering Complex has a dedicated team of avionics engineers and technicians who wh o are are resp respon onsi sibl ble e for for inst instal alla lati tion ons, s, modi modifi fica cati tion ons, s, and and main mainte tena nanc nce e of the the Matsus Matsushit hita/P a/Pan anaso asoni nic c MAS-20 MAS-2000E 00E and MAS-30 MAS-3000 00 E/I E/I system systems. s. This This team team wo works rks in conjun conjuncti ction on with with the the Base Base Maint Maintena enanc nce e teams teams to ensure ensure that that IFE IFE insta install llati ation ons s and modifications modifications are dealt with during major checks, along with the rest of the modifications, modifications, servic service e bulle bulletin tins s and airwor airworthi thines ness s direct directive ives s due due on an aircra aircraft ft.. As a result result,, a PIA Engineering customer gets a comprehensive and economical package deal, as well as a reduct reductio ion n in mainte maintenan nance ce time, time, especi especiall ally y if all these these activi activitie ties s were were under undertak taken en separately. PIA Engineering undertakes full IFE checks and minor seat rectification during transit chec checks ks in conj conjun unct ctio ion n with with the the Line Line Main Mainte tena nanc nce e team teams. s. Airc Aircra raft ft engi engine neer ers s and and technician technicians s can undertak undertake e full seat electron electronics ics box removals, removals, installat installation ions s and data loading in very short time spans, ensuring that all onboard passengers have a n enjoyable flight. The team ensures that operators' transit and turn around checks do not exceed their time limitations. PIA Engineering also has the capability to undertake transit checks for the the B-747B-747-200 200/30 /300, 0, B-777, B-777, B-737 B-737,, A-310 A-310 and A300B4 A300B4 under under EASA EASA Part-1 Part-145 45 and CAA, CAA, Pakistan at its base in Karachi, which is a major regional hub.

11) Quality Systems At PIA Engineering, quality is at the heart of everything we do and our commitment to quality empowers us to anticipate our customers' needs. We deliver airworthy aircraft and aircraft components, ensuring the quality of products through our Audit and Reliability programs, in addition to our strong base of Quality Control. Prior to 2001, the PIA Engineering Complex operated via approvals from FAA (USA) and CAA (UK). PIA Engineering offered maintenance services and engineering assistance to foreign airlines, including Emirates Airlines, Singapore Airlines, Libyan Airlines, and Iran Air. The PIA Engineering Complex is also a Civil Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO). In 2001 2001,, the the Mana Manage geme ment nt of PIA PIA Engi Engine neer erin ing g appl applie ied d for for Part Part-1 -145 45 Main Mainte tena nanc nce e Orga Organi nizat zatio ion n Appr Approv oval al,, gran grante ted d by the the Euro Europe pean an Avia Aviati tion on Safe Safety ty Agen Agency cy EASA EASA.. Main Mainte tena nanc nce e faci facili liti ties es were were upgr upgrad aded ed in thei theirr enti entire rety ty,, and and the the land landsc scap ape e of the the Engineering Complex was altered with the addition of the Quality Audit section, set up to conduct conduct internal internal audits. audits. After After the initial initial audits conducte conducted d by the French French Regulato Regulatory ry Authority GSAC on behalf of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in February 2004, the PIA Engineering Complex was awarded with Maintenance Organization Approval from EASA. EASA. The PIA Enginee Engineering ring Complex Complex is an EASA (European (European Aviation Aviation Safety Safety agency) agency) Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO), with the Approval Number: EASA.145.0004. An audit audit progr program am suppo supporte rted d by compu computer ter softwa software re has been been establ establish ished ed to ensur ensure e complian compliance ce with airworthines airworthiness s requirem requirements. ents. This software software helps helps to monitor monitor the audit audit




prog progra ram m and and can can also also be used sed to record and control other aspects of the quality management program such as training, staff distribution and personal licensing.

The PIA Engineering Complex is an EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) and a Civil Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved Maintenance Organization Organization (MRO). Both the bodies also conduct annual audits of PIA Engineering to ensure that a safe and quality conscious orga organi niza zati tion on is serv servin ing g the the airl airlin ine e indu indust stry ry.. PIA PIA is also also a memb member er of the the IATA IATA Organizati Organizational onal Safety Agency (IOSA), (IOSA), which also conducts conducts regular audits of the PIA Engineering Complex.

Quality Systems is responsible for a number of activities which include: • • • • • • • • •

Monitoring maintenance activities through an approved audit program Personal authorization control and management Conducting technical investigations Acting as a liaison between airworthiness authorities authorities Inspection of incoming aircraft materials and parts Aircraft weighing Monitoring Monitoring aircraft systems performance and troubleshooting troubleshooting Structural repairs recording, analysis and solution provision Technical records administration and control Quality Quality Systems Systems also deploys deploys state-ofstate-of-thethe-art art Non Destructi Destructive ve Testing Testing (NDT) (NDT) facilities facilities.. Techniqu Techniques es such as industr industrial ial radiograp radiography, hy, ultrasoni ultrasonic c crack detection detection,, Eddy Eddy Current Current insp inspect ectio ion, n, radi radioo-is isot otop ope e and and gamm gammaa-ra ray y tech techni niqu ques es for for dete detect ctin ing g crac cracks ks and and irregularities in hidden and inaccessible parts of jet engines and airframe structures are employed. Our inspectors are qualified in accordance with EN4179 to Level II standard. The Avionics Overhaul section also offers a Spectrograph Laboratory which has a high precision computerized spectrometer for conducting oil analysis to monitor the condition of engines, thereby contributing contributing to flight safety. The equipment is capable of analyzing oil samples from approximately 200 engines, daily. The addition of a Plasma Spectrometer enables the facility to analyze engine oils to a finer degree of up to 0.01 ppm. With all these services, Quality Systems provides an operator full s upport and coverage of aviation maintenance maintenance services covered by regulatory authorities. authorities.

12) Development Engineering Division Development Engineers are experts in the evaluation, recommendation, specification and negotiation of aircraft acquisitions. The team monitors projects from inception, through the inspections phase from aircraft assembly, to delivery and acceptance. Capabilities Capabilities and Services:




•

•

•

• • •

•

Our highly-trained team of specialists are devoted to providing the best support for: Evaluatin Evaluating g and providin providing g recommen recommendati dations ons for Service Service Bulletin Bulletins s and Airworth Airworthines iness s Directives for aircraft and components Preparation of Work Scopes and the production of Maintenance Task Operating Plans, Maintenance Task Cards, Job Instruction Cards and Work Packages Planning implementations implementations of retrofit programs Engine condition monitoring and advice for engine removal/installation for optimum life APU health monitoring In-ho In-house use modi modific ficati ation on develo developme pment nts s and and implem implement entati ation on in all areas areas of an aircra aircraft, ft, including cabin, airframe, avionics and engines Maintaining knowledge libraries within PIA Engineering, ensuring that maintenance staff have access to relevant, up-to-date material and information.

13) Flight Simulator Training The history of PIA's flight simulators dates back to the inception of the airline. Extremely effective for flight crew training, PIA's B707 flight simulator has been used by a number of regional airlines. Until the turn of the century, Air Malta, Alyemda, CAAC, Egypt Air, East African Airlines, Iran Air, Iraq Air, Libyan Air, JAT, Tarom, Saudia, Alia and Pakistan Air Force have utilized PIA's flight simulators for the training of their pilots and crew. PIA Engineering maintains A310, B747, B743 Flight Simulators for in-house flight crew training and other operators and airlines can also schedule training sessions. The Civil Aviati Aviation on Auth Authori ority ty of Pakist Pakistan an has has approv approved ed PIA's PIA's fligh flightt simul simulato ators rs for use use in pilot pilot training, and the following services are offered: • • •

Transition training Recurrent training Customized training PIA's simulators can be booked along with PIA's Flight Training Instructors but customers can choose to use their own instructors as well.

PIA-Health, Safety, Environment & Quality Policy In PIA, all employees a re committed to providing distinctive air transport services and satisfying satisfyi ng global needs and expectations expectati ons of our customers through continual improvement of:



FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION •

• •

Quality of our services and processes with a view to enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. Occupational Occupational health and safety of all personnel, aircraft, equipment and facilities. Environment Environment quality, prevention of pollution, energy and resource conservation, conservation, reduction of waste and adoption of environment friendly practices.

Social Services 

Training and Education PIA Training Center

The PIA Training Center is a leading airline training institution that delivers the highest standards of aviation instruction. The Training Center is built around a highly advanced training infrastructure, approved by local and international regulatory authorities such as CAA, CAA, ICAO, ICAO, and IATA. IATA. The The PIA PIA Train Training ing Center's Center's course courses s are based based on a uniqu unique, e, standards-based curriculum designed to impart knowledge and best practices in all the aspects of the airline industry. The PIA Training Center provides quality training to PIA's pilots, engineers, air hostesses, and to employees of other associated PIA divisions.

PIA Industrial Training Institute The The PIA Indu Industr strial ial Train Training ing Insti Institut tute e was establ establish ished ed in 1986 1986 to provid provide e techn technica ical, l, vocati vocation onal, al, and and indus industri trial al knowle knowledg dge e to the the famili families es of PIA's PIA's employ employees ees.. With With the sustained support of top-level management at PIA, the Institute has functioned smoothly for over two decades, and has emerged as a leading industrial training center in the region. The Institute imparts industry knowledge, and specialized training courses in arts and crafts to the families of employees for a very nominal fee, empowering them to earn livelihoods livelihoods and gain respect in their communities.

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Medical Services

PIA Employee Health and Medical Services The health and welfare of our employees has always been a matter of utmost importance and signi signific ficanc ance e at PIA. PIA. All All employ employees ees are provid provided ed with with a compr comprehe ehens nsive ive medica medicall packag package, e, in collab collabor orati ation on with with reput reputabl able e hospi hospital tals, s, diagn diagnost ostic ic labs, labs, and medica medicall institutions. In 1959, PIA established a Medical Division to supply wide-ranging medical coverage to active and retired employees. To ensure that the highest standards of aviation are maintained, a Crew Center periodically carries out air crew checks, in conformity with international and Civil Aviation Authority standards. PIA's medical facilities cover the parents and spouses of serving employees, children up to the age of 27, unmarried daughters, and disabled, mentally challenged children of any




age. age. Reti Retire red d empl employ oyee ees s and and thei their r spouses are also eligible for medical care at PIA's Medical Centers. In addition to coverage in Pakistan's major cities, PIA has extended its medical network to 35 smaller stations, in collaboration with private and public sector hospitals. PIA also looks after its overseas employees under the Local National Health Scheme and Insurance Schemes.

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Safety

Flight Safety and HSE The PIA Flight Safety & Health Saftey and Envriornment (HSE) Directorate ensures a safe and hazard-free environment in the workplace and on board PIA aircraft. The Directorate is also responsible for minimizing the effects of accidents and incidents by implementing safety programs. IATA Operational Safety Registration Award PIA has been certified by the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) for conforming to the highest standards of safety. The IOSA Certificate is an all-encompassing safety audit which revi review ews s faci facili liti ties es such such as engi engine neer erin ing, g, flig flight ht oper operat atio ions ns,, medi medica call and and equi equipm pmen entt main mainte tene nenc nce, e, oper operat atio iona nall effi effici cien ency cy,, safe safety ty of plan planes es,, and and emer emerge genc ncy y resp respon onse se procedures. PIA is proud to have been cleared by the vigorous standards of IOSA, having demonstrated adaptability to change, and the ability to refine and implement requirements and procedures ensuring operational safety and efficiency.

Fire Safety in the Workplace and at Home PIA has made a number of arrangements to handle incidental fires and allied hazards. First Aid Fire Stations have been set up in Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad, and Fixed Fire Protection Systems have been installed at sensitive premises. PIA's locations are equipped with portable fire extinguishers and a range of other fire safety devices. All the installed equipm equipment ent is inspe inspecte cted d regul regularl arly y and mainta maintain ined ed in accord accordanc ance e with with inter internat nation ional al standards. Fire Safety Courses are conducted regularly regularly to equip employees with fire fighting skills and to impart critical knowledge of preventive measures. Fire Prevention Courses are also conducted at the Staff Township and PIA Model Schools so that employees and their families can take appropriate appropriate fire prevention measures at home.

PIA's Flight Safety and HSE Department also actively engages in advocacy sessions to create awareness through print publications, the media and the sharing of experiences. Working in collaboration with the Fire Protection Association of Pakistan, PIA is committed to creating and promoting a culture of safety at a nation-wide level. The department's future plans include running fortnightly fortnightly fire and safety awareness sessions at government and private schools.




Emergency Planning

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Response

Passenger care is an airline's most crucial responsibility. Acknowledging the significance of Emergency Emergency Response Response Planning Planning (ERP), PIA has set up a discrete discrete section to handle handle emergencies. The Emergency Response Planning Section has developed an Emergency Response Manual and manages Emergency Response Center Teams, Field Teams, Family Assistance and Support Teams, and Volunteers. The ERP Section will also train volunteers in the areas of aircraft emergencies, rescue, basic first aid, and fire fighting to effectively respond to natural disasters. Emer Emerge genc ncy y Resp Respon onse se Faci Facili liti ties es,, curr curren entl tly y unde underr deve develo lopm pmen ent, t, will will incl includ ude e the the computerized data storage of teams and volunteers with an automated emergency call out system. The software application will also provide a technology technology supported callback system for contacting families of the affected. PIA’s Emergency Response Planning Section hopes to contribute meaningfully towards national capacity building in the area of emergency management, through financial and human resource investments.

PIA FLEET PIA's PIA's fleet fleet of modern modern aircra aircraft ft is spacio spacious, us, comfor comfortab table, le, and desig designed ned to get you to your your destination safely. PIA operates a range of advanced aircraft, ranging from the world's preferred Boeing 777 airplane to the super-quiet Airbus Airbus A-310.

PIA's fleet includes: BOEING 777 The Boeing 777 family comprises of long-range, wide-body airplanes with twin-engines. It is the first commercial aircraft designed entirely on a computer. PIA presently, is the only airline in the world to operate all the three variants of the 777 family : 777-200LR, 777-200ER and 777-300 , all of whom are well loved by PIA's seasoned travellers for their spaciousness and comfort. PIA also holds the privilege of being the launch customer for 777-200LR, one of which has set the record for the longest commercial jet flight in aviation history.




Boeing 747-300 and Boeing 747-200 (Combi) The Boeing 747, often referred to as a Jumbo Jet, is amongst the world's most iconic and recognizable jet airplanes. Produced by Boeing's Commercial Airplane division, the 4 engine airplane uses a two-deck configuration. configuration. The 747 typically offers a layout accommodating between 400 to 450 passengers, depending on the configuration. configuration.

Boeing 737-300 The Boeing 737 is arguably the world's favorite narrow-body jet airplane. Amongst its many credits, it has the distinction distinction of being the most ordered and produced commercial airplane of all time and Boeing continues continues to manufacture it, to date. Given the number of 737s in active use, it is estimated that on average, one Boeing 737 takes off every 5 seconds, somewhere in the world.

Airbus A-310 The Airbus A-310, a medium to long range wide-body airplane is derived from the Airbus A-300 and is manufactured by Airbus Industries. The A-310s are medium capacity long range aircraft, mostly for our european routes, offering comfortable seating.




IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT Aboard a PIA flight, there is so much to do that you really won't feel like landing. Movies, Music, Games, Duty-Free Shopping, Tourist Information, Maps, and Real-Time Flight Information will keep you entertained for hours. Grab a drink, put on your headphones, switch on your personal screen, and enjoy the show. PIA's selection of movies and shows include popular entertainment genres such as English Features, English English Dramas Dramas and Sitcoms, Sitcoms, Document Documentaries aries,, Sports, Sports, Specials Specials Content Content for Kids, Kids, Religio Religious us Shows, Lifestyle Shows, Punjabi Feature Films, and Musical Videos and Shows. See What's On This Month Celebrate your love of music with PIA's large and diverse selection. Tune into over a dozen channels depending on your mood and interests. Relax with Nice & Easy, or groove to the latest Chart Toppers. Swing to the sounds of Jazz Streams or sing along with Ghazals & Geets. We've also got a great mix of PIA Pop Songs and Instrumentals, New Age, Timeless Classical, Semi Classical, Broadway Bound, Country & Western, Qavvali, Hamd & Naat, and Quranic Verses, and lots of great audio content for kids, with PIA Children's Time.

PIA's menu of addictive and challenging games will make the hours whizz by. We've got arcadestyle games, card games, strategy games, and crosswords to keep you entertained and help you unwind. unwind .




Flight Kitchens PIA runs two modern, well-equipped Flight Kitchens in Karachi and Islamabad that serve culinary delights ranging from delicious Pakistani delicacies to tempting Western cuisines to more than 15,000 passengers everyday, traveling on domestic and international international flights. In addition to serving sumptuous food, PIA Flight Kitchens also cater to VVIP flights and Chartered flights for top government officials officials and foreign delegates. Special meals which are customized according to the passengers’ requirements like Diabetic Meal, Vegetarian Meal, Low Cholesterol Meal and Baby Meals are also offered to our passengers upon request. The kitchens are supported by strong production and operation teams including expatriate chefs who have a diverse experience in international cuisines. The chefs have undergone overseas training to further hone their skills. Several of PIA’s top chefs have also been posted to overseas flight kitchens to share their expertise in cooking skills . Infact, since February 2006, the management control of the Karachi Flight Kitchen has been given to Singapore Air Terminal Services (SATS), a leading premier company in ground and cargo operations , and inflight catering, to further enhance the quality of food on board the flights. Accordingly, Accordingly, SATS has initiated an extensive renovation of the Karachi Flight Kitchen to upgrade its infrastructure and are establishing extremely stringent quality control standards that shall ensur ensure e the the high highest est quali quality ty and and hygie hygiene ne levels levels.. It is in the the proce process ss of obtai obtaini ning ng the HACC HACCP P Certification too, which is an international international certificate on food hygiene. The two Flight Kitchens are also equipped with food testing microbiological laboratories which conduct stringent daily microbiological tests to ensure that food produced is safe, nutritious and palatable. All the other related processes like Inventory Control, Menu Planning, Portion Control, Cost Calculati Calculations, ons, and Managemen Managementt Informa Information tion Systems Systems are managed managed through through cuttingcutting-edge edge technology technology and modern business practices.




Ground Handling of Aircrafts Ground handling at an airport is amongst the most complex and time-critical processes in the aviation industry. Even moments of delay in a single activity can cause major problems, leading to a substa substant ntial ial waste waste of resou resource rces s and delays delays to the the entire entire system system.. Backed Backed by decade decades s of operational experience, PIA offers premium ground handling services to customers. PIA's ground handling services include: Passenger Handling Ramp Handling Cargo Handling Flight Operations Catering Services Technical Handling Executive Jets Handling Line Maintenance Charters Handling • • • • • • • • •

PIA is the largest provider of ground handling services in Pakistan, with a first-class record of reliability. Our engineering base provides a comprehensive set of facilities for the B747, A300, A310, B737, F27, and Twin Otter aircraft, aircraft, backed by hundred hundreds s of qualified qualified aircraft aircraft and flight flight engineers. If your ground handling requirements fall within the domain of IATA SGHA, you can rely on PIA to take care of your needs.

GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENTS USED IN AN AIRCRAFT Report writing by Saleem Ahmed



COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER (CVR) It is used to record the voice data and observation during the flight. It saves the recording of last 30 minutes. Commonly known as black box.

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INERTI INERTIAL AL NAVIGAT NAVIGATION ION SYSTEM SYSTEM (INS) (INS): A typical typical inertial inertial navigation system uses a combination of roll, pitch and azimuth gyroscopes, to stabilize the X, Y, Z accelerometers to solve a large large set of diffe differen rentia tiall equat equatio ions ns in or order der to conve convert rt these these readings into estimates of velocity, position& altitude, starting off from a known position of latitude and longitude.

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ALTIMETER: An alti altime mete terr is an acti active ve inst instru rume ment nt used used to measure the altitude of an object with respect to its ground position.

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GYROSCOPE: A gyro gyrosc scop ope e is a devic evice e for for meas measur urin ing g or marinating orientation, based on the principle of conservation of angular momentum.

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TELECOMUNICATION COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM introduced to avoid traffic collisions collisions (TCAS): A modern system introduced between the aircrafts during flight.

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DIST DISTAN ANCE CE

MEAS MEASUR URIN ING G

EQUI EQUIPM PMEN ENT( T(DM DME) E)::

It is Equipment used to measure the height of aircraft with respect to the ground position.

THROTLE: It is used to accelerate the engine.




EMER EMERGE GENCY NCY ESCAP ESCAPE E DECENT DEVICE It is a feature of latest aircrafts, used to come out of aircraft at the time of emergency.

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APU: Functions as secondary power unit to power the aircraft. RADR: Aircraft is turned through radr. COCKPIT LEVERS: These are used to produce power thrust in order to accelerate engine.

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Satellite Communication system: Capables a passenger to communicate with the external world during the flight.

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HYDRAULIC POWER GENERATOR It generates hydraulic pressure (3000 psi approx :) used to rotate the control wheels.

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VERY HIGH FREQUENCY (VHF): Used in data transmition between sender and receiver, ranging from 30-300MHZ.

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HIGH FREQUENCY (H.F): Used in long range communication between sender and receiver, ranging from 3-30MHZ.

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INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS ): It is an instrument approach system which provides precise guidance to an aircraft Approaching a run way, it also provides guidance about the Runway surface.




AUTO PILOT: An auto pilot is a mechanical cum electrical system used to control the aircraft without having assistance of pilot.

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GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING WARNIN G SYSTEM SYST EM (GPWS) (GPWS ): It is a system designed to alert pilots at the time when their aircraft is in immediate danger of hitting the ground.

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WEATHER WEAT HER RADAR RAD AR: Weather radars are pulsed radars. The microwave generators are usually magnetron or klystron with wavelength of 1-10 cm.The wave is transmitted through wave guide toward a parabolic antenna.

PIA AT PRESENT •

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TOTAL FLEET : 43 OPERATIONAL FLEET: 72.5% DESTINAT DEST INATIONS IONS CLOSED CLOS ED: 9 station stat ions s WORK FORCE FORC E: 18043 180 43 total tota l employe emp loyees es FEMALE FEMA LE WORKFORC WORK FORCE E: 10% EMPLOYEES EMPL OYEES RATIO RAT IO: 582 per aircraft airc raft H.R BUDGET: 16% of total operating operat ing cost FINANCIAL FINANCI AL POSITION (REPORTED (REPORTE D LOSSES) Rs 13.4 billion as of december 2008 2. Rs 5.5 billion as of first quarter 2009 Rs 42.4 billion accumulated loss as of march 3. 31,2008 Report writing by Saleem Ahmed 1.



4. 15.5 billion recurring debt servicing

FUTURE PLANS OF PIA • • • • • • • • •

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Proposed fleet -53 Aircrafts. 100% operational fleet. Resumption of Amsterdam flight. New destination; e.g. Bradford. Female workforce to be enhanced. Employee ratio340 per Aircraft. H.R budget to be increased by 1% every second year. Break even by 2010. Re-defined job description/re-appropriation of man power at foreign stations. PIA to offer man power expertise for the growing aviation market of the Middle –East. Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

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Adherence to business ethics & zero tolerance towards corruption. Proactive marketing plan & decision making. Improved reservation system. International web-ticketing service. Customer satisfaction to be prioritized. New cargo products. Pyramid style organization. COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS My one month internsh internship ip experie experience nce led me in sharing sharing following following views about the Finance department, PIA.

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Proper training classes should be entertained for the internees desirous for for inter interns nshi hip, p, provid provided ed with with stipe stipend nd and and lunc lunch h facili facilitie ties s durin during g their their internship period. Ther There e must must be organ rganiz ized ed a tou tough insp inspec ecti tion on of each each sect sectio ion n of engineering and Finance dept: where maintenance and repair is done, so as to assure the quality and effective maintenance and repair of individual equipment equipment to be assembled assembled in the Aircraft, Aircraft, as it is a matter of customer’s customer’s safety. Old and obsolete equipments and other machinery should be scraped or removed off with their Manuals so as to be replaced by the newer ones. E.g. (Banned Fokker aircraft equipments). There should be entertained applications regarding official visits for the candidates applying from any University in Pakistan. A corporation for its proper development and achievement of its goals requires setting up in it, a congenial and a cordial environment between the employees so that they may work honestly and truly. Report writing by Saleem Ahmed



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High High remunera remuneration tion,, praise, praise, benefit benefits, s, free travelin traveling, g, medical medical facility facility and othe otherr allo allowa wanc nces es shou should ld be award awarded ed to the the emplo employe yees, es, based based on the the performance, efficiency and dedication to their work. There should be maximally 8 hours allocated for work for an employee so that he may work dedicatedly faster and efficient. Ther There e shou should ld be set set up such such a cong congen enia iall envi enviro ronm nmen entt betw betwee een n the the employees where employees may share their mutual talent & help each other as far as their technical expertises are concerned.

Saleem Ahmed


Internship Report Pakistan International Air line

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