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DEFINITION OF INTELLIGENT BUILDING : The Intelligent Building Institute has proposed: ´An intelligent building is one that provides a productive and cost-effective environment through optimization of its four basic elements structure, systems, services and management and the interrelationships between them. Intelligent buildings help business owners, property managers and occupants to realize their goals in the areas of cost, comfort, convenience, safety, long-term flexibility and marketability."
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Intelligent Buildings are the buildings of 21st century. They combines innovations with skillful management to maximize the returns on investment. These buildings keep a watch over themselves and their own well being. They put off lights, shut down air conditioners, check the water storage tanks, recharge the central UPS in case of a power failure and switch on the alarm in case of fire.
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Intelligent Buildings are equipped with robust telecommunication infrastructure, allowing for more efficient use of resources and increasing the comfort and security of its occupants. V m ! ! " ! m # $%&'( ) V #" ##* " ! + # ) V
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Building should know what is happening inside and immediately outside. Building should decide the most effective way of providing a convenient, comfortable and productive environment for its occupants. Building should respond as quickly as possible to the occupant·s requests. ´These attributes indicates the need for various technology and management systems. The successful integration of these systems will produce three dimensions of building intelligenceµ.
EXAMPLES OF HOW TECHNOLOGY HELPED TO PROVIDE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND A SUPERIOR ENVIRONMENT à
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Dimmable fluorescent lighting integrated with sun blind control
Optimal lighting level and quality can be determined by the occupants.
Lighting control with motion sensors integrated with security
Reduces energy use and increases security
Natural and displacement ventilation.
More efficient and effective distribution of ventilation
Use of economizers for free cooling.
Energy efficiency.
Individual temperature and lighting control
Improved comfort is shown to improve productivity.
Radiant heating and cooling.
Improved comfort, reduced energy use
After hours control of lights and HVAC integrated with security
Improved security while reducing energy use
Monitoring of IAQ and contaminants. Improved comfort, safety, and productivity.
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mm m m mm Intelligent building adjusts the inside functional aspects such as lighting, ventilation, air conditioning, etc. automatically with the changes in environmental conditions controlled by computer
rdinary building there will be different room conditions depending on the changes in the environmental conditions.
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Y m # # ## - . # #!! # ÷ Access control restricts how and when people enter and/or exit an area. Your particular needs will determine how that is accomplished. Access Control Systems allow people or vehicles into a restricted area via identification through coded keys, magnetic cards, or biometric readers such as hand, face, voice, finger or retina readers. These systems are used in many businesses, hotels and apartment complexes.
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- Systems can be programmed to allow certain users to enter specific areas only at certain times. Other users can be allowed to enter all locations at all times.
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ü Systems can automatically lock a door or gate each evening at a certain time and unlock it automatically at another time.
WORKING OF AN ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS 1.
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First we need a barrier to prevent someone from entering or exiting, such as a locked door or gate. Next we need a way to determine who is trying to enter. A credential reader is used to read the information on a key or card, to register a combination of numbers entered on a pad or to identify some characteristic that the user has, such as a fingerprint the shape of a hand, a pattern in the eye, etc.
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This identifier is sent to a controller that has stored a record of those identifiers that are authorized to enter the area. If the credential holder is authorized the controller unlocks the gate or door and the credential holder is allowed to enter. In many systems a record of all authorized and unauthorized credentials is stored in the system for future reference.
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This type of access control is most commonly used in blocks of flats or apartments, where access to the front door needs to be controlled remotely. Communication between the internal phone and the outside speaker is established, before authorization to enter is granted
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A secure pin code entered onto a touch screen is required, before Access to a controlled area is allowed
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Entrance to a secured area is allowed, through the "swiping" of a pre-programmed card with magnetic strip through a reader
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The newest technology in access control, biometric systems verify a person's identity, by unique physical characteristics, such as a fingerprint or retina.
SAFETY AND SURVEILLANCE Intelligence with respect to life safety in an intelligent building consists of the use of high technology to maximize the performance of fire alarm and security systems while at the same time minimizing costs. V Life safety factors involved in intelligent buildings include: V
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reduced manpower dependence, closed-circuit television, card access control, smoke detection, intrusion alarms, emergency control of elevators, doors and uninterruptible power supplies.
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Intelligence with respect to telecommunications in an intelligent building consists of the offering to tenants of many sophisticated telecom features at a considerably reduced cost due to the fact that the equipment is shared by many users. Some of the telecom features involved in intelligent buildings are: ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢
private telephone exchange systems, cablevision, audio-visual and video-conferencing, satellite communications and, electronic mail, Intranets and Internet access
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An intelligent building starts with an environmentally friendly design. V Creating a project that is environmentally friendly and energy efficient ties in closely with many of the intelligent attributes. V Intelligent buildings are designed for long-term sustainability and minimal environmental impact through the selection of recycled and recyclable materials, construction, maintenance and operations procedures. V Providing the ability to integrate building controls, optimize operations, and enterprise level management results in a significant enhancement in energy efficiency, lowering both cost and energy usage compared to nonintelligent projects. V
ECONOMY CONSIDERATION : Creating an intelligent building does require an investment in advanced technology, processes, and solutions. V An upfront investment is required to realize a significant return later on. V It is unrealistic to expect to make a project intelligent unless there is early buy in on investment. V One of the challenges is to educate owners on the benefits of an intelligent building design. V This makes the education of both owners and architects about the benefits of intelligent solutions critical for success. V
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SOME OF THE FEATURES OF THE IBMS AT COGNIZANT V Smoke
detection systems V Bio metric finger scanning systems V 73 CCTV cameras V Control of HVAC V Control of water levels in overhead tanks V Automatic lighting control
NIIT BUILDING
TIDEL PARK CHENNAI
GATE WAY TOWER AT GURGAON
DAVINCI ROTATING TOWER
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The intelligent building is clearly the building of the future. V The goal of having an intelligent building only starts with early planning in the design stage. V In many ways, this mirrors the design and fulfillment of many green or LEED projects today, but it uses technology to provide for a superior space. V There are enormous benefits to be gained by creating intelligent buildings. V
With proper marketing such buildings will entice tenants to sign on with a much greater ease. V By supporting the tenants in as many services as possible the building owners also gain from the profits realized from these services and tenants profit from the discounts to be had on their end as well. V We need to continue to work as an industry to quantify these benefits, educate owners and consultants, and to deliver a superior product to the market. V
