UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ESCUELA DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA ESTRUCTURAL INSTITUTO DE MATERIALES Y MODELOS ESTRUCTURALES (IMME) TECNOLOGÍA DEL CONCRETO (1162)
PRACTICA N°8: CONCRETO ENDURECIDO
Prof.: I!. N"#$o C%&%'o
C%r%'%$ 2*1+
RESUMEN L% $,!-,"" /r0','% ,"" 'o&o /ro/$,o "# " 'o&/ro3%r #% r"$,$"',% " '%% -% " #%$ /ro3"%$ " 'o'r"o /or &",o " "$%4o$ % 'o&/r"$, 4 f#"5, /%r% %$ 'o&/%r%r#%$ 'o #%$ r"$,$"',%$ %"r,or&"" '%#'-#%%$ " &%"r% %%#,'%. A"&0$ ,"" "# f, " 'oo'"r "# &-#o " ro-r% 7-" -8o '%% /ro3"% 4 "&o$r%r % #o$ "$-,%"$ '&o $" r"%#,9% '%% "$%4o. L%$ &"9'#%$ " #%$ /ro3"%$ " 'o'r"o f-"ro #%$ "5r%%$ " #% /r0','% %"r,or " o" $" "$-, "# 'o&/or%&,"o "# 'o'r"o fr"$'o. T","o " #% &"9'#% : '-%ro ',#,ro$ " 6; o$ ',#,ro$ " <; 4 -% 8,!% " *51*51*= " #% &"9'#% >: '-%ro ',#,ro$ " 6; 4 o$ 8,!%$ " ,!-%# &%!,- 7-" #% %"r,or. S" r"%#,9%ro "$%4o$ % 'o&/r"$, % #%$ $,!-,""$ /ro3"%$: ?
Do$ ',# ',#, ,r ro$ o$ " " 6; ," ," ,f ,f,' ,'% %o$ o$ 'o&o 'o&o M 1 M 4 M>< M>> #o$ o$ ',#, ',#, ro ro$$ " <; " #% &"9' &"9'#% #% "$"$-8, 8,"r "ro o "5/"5/-"$ "$o o$$ % "$% "$%4o 4o$$ % 'o&/r"$, ,",f,'%o$ 'o&o M 1 4 M2 r"$/"',8%&"".
S" r"%#,9%ro "$%4o$ % r%'', ,,r"'% ("$%4o 3r%$,#"@o) % #%$ $,!-,""$ /ro3"%$: ?
A# ',#, ',#, ro ro r"$ r"$% %" " " 6; " %&3% %&3%$$ &"9'# &"9'#%$ %$ $" #" r"%# r"%#,9 ,9o o - "$%4 "$%4o o% r%'', ,,r"'% ("$%4o r%$,#"ro).
S" r"%#,9%ro "$%4o$ /or f#"5, % #%$ 8,!%$ " *51*51* " %&3%$ &"9'#%$. R"%#,9%o -% 'o&/%r%', " !""r%# "r" #o$ "$%4o$ $" /-o 'o'#-,r 7-" #%$ /ro3" /ro3"%$ %$ 7-" $o/or $o/or%ro %ro -% &%4or &%4or r"$,$ r"$,$"' "',% ,% f-"ro f-"ro #%$ 7-" $" "'o "'or%3 r%3% % 'ofor&%%$ /or #% &"9'#% 4% 7-" "$%$ $o #%$ 7-" "% -% r"#%', %!-%B'"&"o &"or " $"&"%9% % #% " #% &"9'#% >.
ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIN............................................................................................................................... < OETIVOS....................................................................................................................................... > O3",8o$ G""r%#"$....................................................................................................................... > O3",8o$ E$/"'f,'o$..................................................................................................................... > MARCO TERICO............................................................................................................................. 6 Fr%!-%o "# 'o'r"o....................................................................................................................6 E$%o "-r"',o......................................................................................................................... 6 R"$,$"',% 4 -r%3,#,%................................................................................................................ 6 L% r"$,$"',% 4 #% -r%3,#,% $o %f"'%%$ /or:..........................................................................+ Pro/,"%"$ f$,'%$ 4 7-&,'%$...................................................................................................... + D"$,%.................................................................................................................................... + R"$,$"',%................................................................................................................................. + V%r,%',o"$ " 8o#-&" 4 " #%$ f,$-r%$..................................................................................... D-r%3,#,%................................................................................................................................. I&/"r&"%3,#,%......................................................................................................................... Pr-"3%$ " '%#,% '#%$,f,'%', $"! $- %-r%#"9%................................................................... D"$r-',8%$:............................................................................................................................... H No "$r-',8%$:.......................................................................................................................... H Pro'",&,"o " &-"$r"o............................................................................................................ H Pr-"3% " 'o&/r"$,............................................................................................................... H Pr-"3% " f#"5,......................................................................................................................1* T,/o$ " f%##% 7-" $" /-"" /r"$"%r #-"!o " #o$ "$%4o$.....................................................11 METODOLOGÍA...............................................................................................................................12 Moo /%r% #% "#%3or%', '-r%o 4 "$%4o % 'o&/r"$, " ',#,ro$ " 'o'r"o.................12 Moo " "$%4o /%r% ""r&,%r "# &o-#o " "#%$,',% ($"'%") " /ro3"%$ ',#r,'%$ " 'o'r"o........................................................................................................................................ 1 Moo " "$%4o /%r% ""r&,%r #% r"$,$"',% % #% r%'', ,,r"'% "# 'o'r"o -$%o /ro3"%$ ',#r,'%$:......................................................................................................................1< Moo " "$%4o /%r% ""r&,%r r"$,$"',% % #% f#"5, " #%$ 8,!%$ $,&/#"&"" %/o4%%$ 1> Moo " "$%4o /%r% ""r&,%r #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, "# 'o'r"o -$%o /or',o"$ " 8,!%$ ro%$ /or f#"5,..............................................................................................................16 DATOS CJLCULOS Y RESULTADOS............................................................................................ 1+ D%o$:........................................................................................................................................... 1+ T%3#% NK 1................................................................................................................................. 1+ T%3#% NK 2................................................................................................................................. 1 C0#'-#o$ 4 R"$-#%o$:................................................................................................................. 1 1. P"$o /or -,% "# 8o#-&" "# 'o'r"o "$%4%o......................................................1 T%3#% NK ................................................................................................................................. 1H
T%3#% NK <................................................................................................................................. 2* 2. E$%4o " r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, "# 'o'r"o.......................................................2* T%3#% NK >................................................................................................................................. 21 . E$%4o " /ro3"%$ ',#r,'%$ " 6; % r%'', ,,r"'% (RASILEO) $"! Nor&% COVENIN <1?1H+H................................................................................................................. 21 T%3#% NK6.................................................................................................................................. 22 <. E$%4o " r%'', /or f#"5, " 8,!%$ $"! #% Nor&% COVENIN <?1H+H................22 T%3#% NK+.................................................................................................................................. 22 >. E$%4o " 'o&/r"$, " 'o'r"o -$%o /or',o"$ " 8,!%$ ro%$/or f#"5, $"! #% Nor&% COVENIN >*?+H......................................................................................................... 2 T%3#% NK.................................................................................................................................. 2 6. Co&/%r%', "# /"$o -,%r,o 4 #% r"$,$"',% " #%$ &"9'#%$ 4 >...........................2 T%3#% NKH ................................................................................................................................. 2< ANJLISIS DE RESULTADOS.......................................................................................................... 2< CONCLUSIONES............................................................................................................................. 2> ILIOGRAFÍA................................................................................................................................ 26
INTRODUCCIÓN E# Co'r"o "-r"',o "$ %7-"# 7-" r%$ "# /ro'"$o " ,r%%', % /%$%o "# "$%o /#0$,'o %# "$%o r!,o "$o 7-,"r" "',r 7-" '-4o ,"&/o " "#%3or%', % $o3r"/%$%o "# ,"&/o " fr%!-%o 4 " 'o$"'-"',% $" "'-"r% " "$%o r!,o. E# 'o'r"o "-r"',o "3" /o$""r #% r"$,$"',% 4 -r%3,#,% "$"%%= 4 "# 'o$o "# /ro-'o r"$-#%" "3" $"r "# &,&o 'o&/%,3#" 'o '%#,% "$"%%. E# 'o'r"o 'o&o &%"r,%# "$r-'-r%# $" ,$"@% /%r% 7-" "!% -% ""r&,%% r"$,$"',%. L% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, $,&/#" "$ #% '%r%'"r$,'% &"'0,'% &0$ ,&/or%" " - 'o'r"o 4 $" -,#,9% or&%#&"" /%r% -9!%r $- '%#,%. S" % "$%3#"',o -% 'orr"#%', "r" #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, 4 #% r"$,$"',% % #% f#"5, " - ""r&,%o 'o'r"o. E #% /r"$"" /r0','% $" "$-,%r0 "$% "%/% f,%# "# 'o'r"o 'o "# f, " '-&/#,r 'o #o$ o3",8o$ /%-%o$ /%r% "$% %',8,% &",%" /r-"3%$ "5/"r,&"%#"$ -$%o ,$,%$ /ro3"%$ /r"8,%&"" "#%3or%%$ " #%$ 7-" $" !""r" #o$ ,/o$ &0$ 'o&-"$ " $o#,',%',o"$ ('o&/r"$, f#"5o?r%'', 4 r%'', ,,r"'%) $"! #o$ &oo$ "$/"',f,'%o$ " #%$ or&%$ COVENIN338, COVENIN 1468, COVENIN 341 y COVENIN 342 .
OBJETIVOS
Objetivos Gee!"#es •
V"r,f,'%r #% r"$,$"',% % 'o&/r"$, " #%$ /ro3"%$ ',#r,'%$ " #%$ &"9'#%$ N 4 N > "# 'o'r"o "#%3or%o " #% /r0','% " 'o'r"o fr"$'o 4 ""r&,%r #% r%'', 4 "# &-#o " "#%$,',% "# 'o'r"o.
Objetivos Es$e%&'i%os •
D""r&,%r "# /"$o /or -,% " 8o#-&" "# 'o'r"o " #%$ /ro3"%$ " #%$ &"9'#%$ N Y N > 'o %0#,$,$ "$%$,'o.
•
Co&/%r%r #o$ r"$-#%o$ " #%$ r"$,$"',%$ (%o % r%'', 'o&o % 'o&/r"$,) o3",o$ " #o$ "$%4o$ (%0#,$,$ "$%$,'o) 'o #%$ '%#'-#%%$ "r,'%&"".
•
E#%3or%r -% !r%f,'% "$f-"r9o ? "for&%', -,%r,% "# 'o'r"o %/#,'%o #% or&% COVENIN 1<6.
MARCO TEÓRICO (!")*"+o +e# %o%!eto U% 8"9 7-" "# '"&"o 4 "# %!-% "r% " 'o%'o $" ,,',% -% r"%'', 7-&,'% 7-" ""r&,% "# /%-#%,o "-r"',&,"o " #% &"9'#%= &,"r%$ "5,$% %!-% " 'o%'o 'o "# '"&"o /ro!r"$% "# "-r"',&,"o "# 'o'r"o. A"$ " $- o%# "-r"',&,"o #% &"9'#% "5/"r,&"% o$ "%/%$ "ro " $- /ro'"$o !""r%# 7-" $o: "# fr%!-%o ,,',%# 4 "# fr%!-%o f,%#. E# /r,&"ro 'orr"$/o" '-%o #% &"9'#% /,"r" $/#%$,',% 8o#8,o$" ,f',#&"" r%3%%3#". Cofor&" #% &"9'#% 'o,-% "-r"',"o "$% ##"!%r0 % $- $"!-% "%/% %#'%9%o -% -r"9% % %/r"',%3#" 7-" #% &"9'#% "r% 4% " $- fr%!-%o f,%#. Co'r"o "-r"',o: "$ %7-"# 7-" r%$ "# /ro'"$o " ,r%%', % /%$%o "# "$%o /#0$,'o %# "$%o r!,o.
Est"+o e+*!e%i+o D"$/-$ " 7-" "# 'o'r"o % fr%!-%o "&/,"9% % !%%r r"$,$"',% 4 "-r"'". L%$ /ro/,"%"$ "# 'o'r"o "-r"',o $o r"$,$"',% 4 -r%3,#,% "# 'o'r"o "-r"',o o "r0 -"##%$ " /,$%%$ $, $" '%&,% $o3r" #.
Resiste%i" , +*!"bi#i+"+ E# 'o'r"o 3," "'o "$ - &%"r,%# %-r%#&"" r"$,$"" 4 -r%3#". E$ "$o r%9o%3#"&"" ,&/"r&"%3#" %# %!-% '%/%9 " r"$,$,r '%&3,o$ " "&/"r%-r% %$ 'o&o %&3, r"$,$,r "$!%$" /or #% ,"&/"r,". L% r"$,$"',% 4 #% -r%3,#,% $o %f"'%%$ /or #% "$,% "# 'o'r"o 4% 7-" '-%o "# 'o'r"o "$ &0$ "$o "$ &0$ ,&/"r&"%3#" %# %!-%. L% -r%3,#,% "# 'o'r"o $" ,'r"&"% 'o #% r"$,$"',% $,"o &",% "$% " "# "$%o "-r"',o 7-" !""r%#&"" 8,"" %o /or #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, -$%o #% /r-"3% " r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$,.
-" !esiste%i" , #" +*!"bi#i+"+ so "'e%t"+"s $o!: •
L% 'o&/%'%',. S,!,f,'% r"&o8"r "# %,r" "# 'o'r"o. L% 'o&/%'%', %/ro/,%% % 'o&o r"$-#%o - 'o'r"o 'o -% "$,% ,'r"&"%% 7-" "$ &0$ r"$,$"" 4 &0$ -r%3#".
•
C-r%o. C-r%r "# 'o'r"o $,!,f,'% &%""r &"o "# 'o'r"o /or - /"r,oo " ,"&/o /%r% /"r&,,r 7-" %#'%'" #% r"$,$"',% &05,&%. U &%4or ,"&/o " '-r%o %r0 - 'o'r"o &0$ -r%3#".
•
C#,&%. U '#,&% &0$ '%#-ro$o %r0 7-" "# 'o'r"o "!% - &%4or r"$,$"',% "&/r%%.
P!o$ie+"+es '&si%"s , .*&/i%"s Densidad
L% "$,% "# 'o'r"o $" "f," 'o&o "# /"$o /or -,% " 8o#-&". D"/"" " #% "$,% r"%# 4 " #% /ro/or', " 7-" /%r,',/% '%% -o " #o$ ,f"r""$ &%"r,%#"$ 'o$,-4""$ "# 'o'r"o. P%r% #o$ 'o'r"o$ 'o8"',o%#"$ for&%o$ /or &%"r,%#"$ !r%-#%r"$ /ro8",""$ " ro'%$ o &,"r%#,9%%$ " #% 'or"9% "rr"$r" $8%#or o$',#% "r" 2.> 4 2.>> !.B&. Resistencia
L% r"$,$"',% "$ -% " #%$ /ro/,"%"$ &0$ ,&/or%"$ "# 'o'r"o /r,',/%#&"" '-%o $" #" -,#,9% 'o f,"$ "$r-'-r%#"$. E# 'o'r"o " $- '%#,% " 'o$,-4"" " - "#"&"o "$r-'-r%# 7-"% $o&",o % #%$ "$,o"$ "r,8%%$ " #%$ $o#,',%',o"$ 7-" %'% $o3r" $". Variaciones de volumen y de las fisuras
E# 'o'r"o "5/"r,&"% 8%r,%',o"$ " 8o#-&" ,#%%',o"$ o 'or%'',o"$ -r%" o% $- 8,% ,# /or '%-$%$ f$,'o?7-&,'%$. E# ,/o 4 &%!,- " "$%$ 8%r,%',o"$ "$0 %f"'%o$ " for&% ,&/or%" /or #%$ 'o,',o"$ %&3,"%#"$ "5,$""$ " -&"% 4 "&/"r%-r% 4 %&3, /or #o$ 'o&/o""$ /r"$""$ " #% %&$f"r%.
Durabilidad
Co&o 4% $" % ,,'%o - 'o'r"o $"r0 3-"o $, "$ -r%3#". L% -r%3,#,% "5/r"$% #% r"$,$"',% %# &",o%&3,"". L% ,&/"r&"%3,#,% #% '-%# "$0 ,r"'%&"" r"#%',o%% 'o #% -r%3,#,% $" 'o$,!-" 'o #% 'o$o#,%', r"#%', %!-%?'"&"o %"'-%% 4 '-r%o 'o8","" $"! "# #-!%r o" $" "'-"r" #% o3r%. E# "$%4o " r"$,$"',% "$ "# &0$ 'o& " #o$ %/#,'%o$ %# 'o'r"o 4 'o$,-4" - ,'" " $'%#,%. L% r"$,$"',% f,%# "# 'o'r"o "$ f-', " #% r"#%', %!-%?'"&"o "# /ro'"$o " ,r%%', "# '"&"o "# '-r%o " #%$ 'o,',o"$ %&3,"%#"$ 4 " #% "% "# 'o'r"o. L% -r%3,#,% "5/r"$% "# 'o&/or%&,"o "# &%"r,%# /%r% o/o"r$" % #% %'', %!r"$,8% "# &",o %&3,"" - oro$ f%'or"$ 'o&o "# "$!%$" %$"!-r%o $- ,"!r,% 4 #% " #%$ %r&%-r%$ " r"f-"r9o -r%" "# /"roo " 'o$r-'', 4 "$/-$ % #o #%r!o " o% #% 8,% " $"r8,',o " #% "$r-'-r%. Impermeabilidad
E$ -% '%r%'"r$,'% "$r"'%&"" #,!%% % #% -r%3,#,% 4 #% 7-" &0$ 'o#%3or% 'o $%. L% ,&/"r&"%3,#,% "$ "# r"$-#%o " ,$/o"r " - 'o'r"o 'o&/%'o 4 -,for&" 'o #% $-f,',"" '%,% " '"&"o %!r"!%o$ " 3-"% '%#,% 4 !r%-#o&"r% 'o,-% o$,f,'%', r%',o%# r"#%', %!-%B'"&"o #o &0$ 3%% /o$,3#" "ro " #%$ 'o,',o"$ " o3r% /%r% /"r&,,r - "5'"#"" ##"%o " "'ofr%o$ 4 r"'-3r,&,"o " %r&%-r% "#,&,%o o% /o$,3,#,% " 7-" 7-"" " #% &%$% 3o#$o"$ " %,r" % f, " ,&/",r 7-" ,!r"$" % #% &%$% "# 'o'r"o #o$ "#"&"o$ %!r"$,8o$.
P!*eb"s +e %"#i+"+ %#"si'i%"%i0 se)1 s* "t*!"#e2" Destructivas: ""r&,% #% r"$,$"',% &",%" #% ro-r% " /ro3"%$ o /,"9%$ "
'o'r"o. L%$ /r-"3%$ "$r-',8%$ 7-" 'o&&"" $" -,#,9% $o: Pr-"3% % #% 'o&/r"$, $,&/#" /r-"3% " f#"5, /r-"3% " "$,. No destructivas: ""r&,% #% '%#,% $, "$r-,r #% "$r-'-r%. L%$ /r-"3%$ o
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P!o%e+i/ieto +e /*est!eo Prueba de compresión
P%r% -% /r-"3% " r"$,$"',% $" "'"$,% /r"/%r%r 'o&o &,&o o$ ',#,ro$ "$0%r " -% &-"$r% " 'o'r"o.
M*est!eo P%r% 7-" "# &-"$r"o $"% r"/r"$"%,8o "3"r"&o$ o&%r /or',o"$ " ,f"r""$ /-o$ " #% &"9'#% % &-"$r"%r. L% &-"$r% "3"r0 $"r r%$/or%% %# #-!%r o" $" 8% % /r"/%r%r #o$ ',#,ro$ 4 #-"!o $" 8o#8"r0 % &"9'#%r 'o -% /%#% /%r% %$"!-r%r $-,for&,%.
Mo#+es Lo$ &o#"$ /%r% /o"r 'o#%r #o$ "$/"'&""$ ',#r,'o$ /%r% /r-"3%$ " r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, "3"r0 "$%r 'o$r-,o$ % 3%$" " &%"r,%#"$ o %3$or3""$ 4 $"r #o $-f,',""&"" r!,o$ /%r% o "for&%r$". A"&0$ "3"r0 $"r ,&/"r&"%3#"$.
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Prueba de flexión
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DATOS7 C=-CU-OS > RESU-TADOS D"tos:
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S" $%3" 7-" /"$o -,%r,o ( γ) 8,"" %o /or #% "5/r"$,: γ =
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464
E$%4o " r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, $"! #% Nor&% COVENIN ? 2**2
S" $%3" 7-" #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, "o%% 'o&o R' " #% or&% COVENIN ?2**2 8,"" %% /or #% "5/r"$,: Pm!x ( Kgf ) Rc= 2 () A ( cm ) D": R' R"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, ([!fB'&\2) P&%5 L% '%r!% % #% '-%# o'-rr" #% ro-r% " #% /ro3"% ([!f) A Jr"% r%$8"r$%# " #% /ro3"% " 'o'r"o ('&\2) D" ,!-%# &%"r% $" '%#'-#% "# 0r"% " #% /ro3"% ',#r,'% " #% $,!-,"" &%"r%:
=
A
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Π D
2
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D": D D,0&"ro " #% /ro3"% " 'o'r"o. C0#'-#o T,/o:
•
S" "&/#"%r0 -"8%&"" #% /ro3"% 1 " #% &"9'#% NK /%r% "# '0#'-#o ,/o " #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$,: D 1 + D 2+ D 3 14,89 + 15,06 + 14,80 = D,0&"ro 1<H2 '& 3 3 D" #% "'-%', -"8" (H) $" ,"" 7-" "# 0r"% r%$8"r$%# " #% /ro3"% "$: 2
A =
Π ∗14,92 4
=
174,757 cm
2
D" ,!-%# &%"r% -,#,9%o "# 8%#or " '%r!% &05,&% " #% %3#% 1 /%r% #% /ro3"% 1 " #% &"9'#% NK 4 "# 8%#or " 0r"% o3",o $" ,"" 7-" #% r"$,$"',% % #% 'o&/r"$, " #% /ro3"% "$: Rc=
15.158 174,757
=
86,74
Kgf cm
2
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Me2%#" P!obet"
3
5
" $nsayo de probetas cil&ndricas de '( a tracción indirecta )*R+,I-$./0 se2n Norma 3/V$NIN "#141565
D" %'-"ro 'o #% Nor&% COVENIN <1?1H+H "# "$f-"r9o " r%'', " #% /ro3"% $" '%#'-#% 'o&o $,!-": 2∗ P " br = Π ∗ L∗ D (1<)
D": ]3r E$f-"r9o " r%'', " !fB'&\2 P C%r!% &05,&% %/#,'%% " [!f L Lo!,- " '&. D D,0&"ro " '&. •
C0#'-#o T,/o: To&%o #o$ 8%#or"$ " #% /ro3"% > " #% &"9'#% NK $" ,"" 7-": C%r!% &05,&% %/#,'%% 122** [!f H 1 + H 2+ H 3 30,10 + 30,40 + 30,20 = =¿ *2'& Lo!,- 3
D,0&"ro
3
D 1 + D 2+ D 3 3
=
15,10 + 15,00 + 15,00 3
=¿
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A/#,'%o #% "'-%', '%or'" (1<) $" ,"" 7-" "# "$f-"r9o " r%'', " #% /ro3"% "$: Kgf 2∗8.150 =11,42 " br = 2 Π ∗30,23∗15,03 cm
Tabla 7': E$f-"r9o
" Tr%'', " #%$ /ro3"%$ " #%$ &"9'#%$ NK 4 NK> " %'-"ro % #% or&% COVENIN <1?1H+H. Me2%# " >
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D" %'-"ro % #% or&% COVENIN <?1H+H "# &-#o " ro-r% " -% /ro3"% ,/o 8,!% " 'o'r"o $,&/#"&"" $o&",% % r%'', /or f#"5, 'o '%r!% " "# '"ro "# r%&o 8,"" %o /or #% "'-%', $,!-,"": #r=
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P C%r!% &05,&% %/#,'%% ,,'%% " #% &07-,% " "$%4o "5/r"$%% " [!. L L-9 "5/r"$%% " '&. A'o /ro&",o " #% /ro3"% "5/r"$%o " '&. A#-r% /ro&",o " #% /ro3"% "5/r"$%% " '&. C0#'-#o T,/o: S" "&/#"%r% #% 8,!% 1 " #% &"9'#% NK /%r% "# '0#'-#o ,/o. Kgf 3∗650∗27 #r= =24,14 2 2 2∗10,32∗( 10,28 ) cm •
Tabla 76: M-#o " Ro-r% " #%$ 8,!%$ " #%$ &"9'#%$ NK 4 NK> " %'-"ro 'o
#% or&% COVENIN <?1H+H '& 2 Me2%# "
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Tabla 79: R"$,$"',% -,%r,% " #%$ 8,!%$ " #%$ &"9'#%$ NK 4 NK> " %'-"ro
'o #% or&% COVENIN >*?1H+H '& 2
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211H* 1211
AN=-ISIS DE RESU-TADOS
22H 22<
*6 +6H+
E "# ,for&" $" 'o&/%r%ro o$ &"9'#%$ " 'o'r"o 7-" ,f"r% " '%,% " %!r"!%o$ f,o$ #% r"#%', %!-% '"&"o #% r"$,$"',% " 'o'r"o "/"" /r0','%&"" " "$% #,&% $,"o % #% or% " ,$"@o "# f%'or % o&%r " '-"% %# '%#'-#%r #% r"$,$"',% % 'o&/r"$, "$/"r%% /%r% ""r&,%o ,"&/o. E# /"$o -,%r,o "# 'o'r"o "-r"',o f-" &%4or %# " #% &"9'#% f#-,% "&o$r%o 7-" "3,o % #% r"%'', " fr%!-%o " 'o'r"o ,"" % r"r%"r$" 4 %$ %'"r &0$ "$o "r" #%$ o$ &"9'#%$ o 8%r, " &%"r% 'o$,"r%3#". L% r"$,$"',% "$/"r%% f-" &-4 %#% 7-" #% r"$,$"',% r"%# " #% &-"$r% "$o $" "3" % 7-" #% &"9'#% $" r"%#,9 % for&% " %/r",9%" /or #o 7-" /-o %3"r /ro3#"&%$ " #% 'o&/%'%', " #% &"9'#% %o 'o&o "# ,"&/o "# /ro'"$o " &"9'#%o "$o "&-"$r% #o "#,'%o "# /ro'"$o 4 oo$ #o$ '-,%o$ 7-" $" "3" ""r.
CONC-USIONES
S" r"%#,9%ro #o$ "$%4o$ " r"$,$"',% % 'o&/r"$, r%'', 4 f#"5, " o$ &-"$r%$ " 'o'r"o 8,"o '&o $" r"%#,9% oo$ "$o$ /ro'"$o$ " "# #%3or%or,o $"! $-$ r"$/"',8%$ or&%$ COVENIN. S" ""r&,%ro #o$ /"$o$ -,%r,o$ #o$ '-%#"$ o f-"ro &-4 ,f"r""$ "r" #%$ &-"$r%$ 4 $" #" r"%#,9o $- r"$/"',8o %0#,$,$ "$%$,'o $"! or&%. L% &-"$r% 'o &"or r"#%', %!-% '"&"o /r"$"o &%4or r"$,$"',% $, "&3%r!o %&3%$ &"9'#%$ /r"$"%ro &"or"$ r"$,$"',%$ 7-" #%$ '%#'-#%%$ /or - &%# /ro'"$o " &"9'#%o 4 'o&/%'%',. L% ""r&,%', " #% r"$,$"',% " o%$ #%$ /ro3"%$ " '%% -% " #o$ "$%4o$ %$ 'o&o "# 'or%$" " "$o$ r"$-#%o$ 'o r"$/"'o % #o$ "$/"r%o$ % /%r,r " #o$ '0#'-#o$ "r,'o$ '$oo$ " #% &%4or% " #o$ '%$o$ % /," % 'o$,"r%r 'o&o '-&/#,o$ #o$ o3",8o$ /ro/-"$o$ %# /r,',/,o " "$% /r0','%. L% '-#&,%', " "$% /r0','% %&3, r"$-#o " !r% %4-% " #% f%&,#,%r,9%', "# "$-,%%o 'o #%$ or&%$ 7-" r,!" '%% -o " #o$ "$%4o$ %7- ##"8%o$ % '%3o $,"o "'"$%r,o $- "$-,o /%r% "# '0#'-#o " #% r"$,$"',% % /%r,r " #% '%r!% &05,&% o3",% " "$o$.
BIB-IOGRA(ÍA
•
A%& C. (2**+). Control de calidad del concreto. R"'-/"r%o "# 21 " -#,o " 2*16
"
/:BB.%o'"&.or!B'%/%',%',o?4?/-3#,'%',o"$B3o#",?
"','oB12H?'oro#?"?'%#,%?"#?'"&"o.&# •
"r%# . (2**H). Fragado del ce!ento. R"'-/"r%o "# 21 " -#,o " 2*16 " /:BB"#'o'r"o.3#o!$/o.'o&B2**HB*1Bfr%!-%o?"#?'"&"o.&#
•
or&,!. ^,,/",% L% "','#o/",% #,3r". F"'% " 'o$-#%: -#,o 1> 2*16 S,,o
•
^"3: /$:BB"$.,,/",%.or!B,,Bor&,!C Mor"ro " '"&"o. ^,,/",% L% "','#o/",% #,3r". F"'% " 'o$-#% -#,o 1>
• •
2*16 S,,o "3: /$:BB"$.,,/",%.or!B,,BMor"ro_"_'"&"o Porr"ro . R%&o$ C. Gr%$"$ . 4 V"#%9'o G. (2**H). M%-%# "# 'o'r"o E$r-'-r%#. V""9-"#%?C%r%'%$: SIDETUR
