Industrial Automation Ppt.

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

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Submitted By:- Mitali Choudhary B-Tech , VII Sem. Electronics And Communication

AUTOMATION Making products under the control of computers and programmable controllers is known as “INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION ”. ”. Manufacturing assembly lines as well as stand alone machine tools (CNC machines) and robotic devices fall under this category. category.

Automation is delegation of human control functions to technical equipments for increasing productivity, better quality, increasing safety in working conditions reducing manpower and cost

Different Components Used In Automation:Sensors for sensing the input parameters Transmitters for transmitting the raw signal in electrical form Control system which include PLC,DCS and PID controllers Output devices such as actuators, drives, control valves, solenoid valves, coils, indicating lamps.

Different Control Systems Used In Automation:PID controller based controller system PLC based control system DCS based control system PC based automation system

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER:-

INTRODUCTION:A PLC is a solid state/computerized industrial computer that performs discrete or sequential logic in a factory environment. It was originally developed to replace mechanical relays, timers, counters and other such devices.

Photograph of PLC-

ARCHITECTURE OF A PLC:A typical PLC can be divided into four components:    

Processor Unit Power Supply Input / Output Section The Programmable Device

Functional Diagram Of PLC:-

1)Input Discrete  –On / Off Type Pushbuttons Switches Limit Switches Selector Switches Proximity Sensors Photo-electric Sensors

2)Input Devices-Analog Resistance Temperature Detectors Thermocouple

Input Module The input module performs task electronically as: Determines the presence or absence of input Converts input signal to a DC level useable PLC Provides electronic isolation between input signal and PLC

OUTPUTS:

PLC output devices can usually be: Solenoids Relays-AC or DC powered Contactors Motor-Stators Indication Lights Valves Alarms

PROCESSOR,CONTROLLER OR C.P.U. :Stores the control program and data in its memory. Reads the status of connected input devices. Performs arithmetic and logical operations. Executes the control program. Commands connected to output to change state based on program execution.

WORKING OF PROCESSOR:-

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For any execution of program, processor has to scan the entire program. Scan cycle consists ofInput Scan: Detects the state of all input devices that are connected to the PLC. Program Scan: Executes the user created program logic. Output Scan: Energizes or deenergizes all output devices that are connected to the PLC. Housekeeping: This includes communications with programming terminals, internal diagnostics etc.

PLC SCAN-CYCLE

PLC PROGRAMMING-

APPLICATIONS OF PLC PLC’s are used successfully to execute complicated control operations in a plant.

Its purpose is to monitor crucial process parameters and adjust process operations accordingly. A sequence of instructions is programmed by the user to the PLC memory and when the program is executed ,the controller operates a system to the correct operating specifications.

In Brief:It is used for any application in industry that requires electrical control. Packing  – Bottling and Canning Material Handling  – Machining Power Generation – HVAC / building automation Security Systems  – Automated Assembly Paint Lines Water Treatment

It could be used in various industries like:Cement Industry Automation Industry Chemicals Industry Plastics Industry Metals Industry Paper Industry

Various Brands Of PLC:Allen Bradley Siemens Modicon Mitshubishi GE Fanuc Omron

USA Germany France Japan USA Japan

Advantages Of PLC:PLC Saves

Material Cost

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: Reduced wiring and associated Installation : Less Space Troubleshooting : No moving partsrugged Labour Cost : Possibility of reprogramming

Value Added Benefits:Reliability Flexibility Advance Function Communication Speed Diagnostics

SCADA-(SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITIONO) Supervisory Control:-