II. Learning Area: Identifying the problem and asking the question Number of weeks: 3 weeks (12 hours) Learner’s activity: Formulates clearly the statement of Research Problem Presents written statement of the problem
Teacher’s activity: Gives feedback or comments on progress achieved by the learner Checks learner’s work Conducts or al al defense of learner’s work
Learner’s output: the output should defend upon the Research approach whether it is Qualitative or Quantitative.
CONTENT QUALITATIVE 1. THE PHENOMENON 1.1
1.2
The Introduction The introductory part describes the background, concepts, scope and limitations of the study It makes the reason clear why the topic under investigation is worth pursuing.(rationale) It states the relevance/significance of the study to SHS students. It ends with the purpose of the study (explanatory, exploratory, descriptive and evaluative)
QUANTITATIVE 1. The Problem and Its Background
The Problem Statement
The research question or need for study Qualitative Research problem should be anchored depending on the strand of the students who are conducting research Constructions may be derive from the literature review, personal experience, personal knowledge and
1.1 Introduction This is the part of a research that gives a brief introduction of the study being conducted in a macro approach or large scale approach. Possibly 1-2 pages long. The introduction usually emphasizes relevant literature and research that substantiates the relevance and scope of the problem. Use current statistics and literature in documenting the present state of the problem or need for conducting the study. This section should be concluded with the purpose of the study. 1.2
Background of the Study
This part presents the background and scope of the study to make clear the reasons why the topic is worth pursuing. This delimits the area under
observation
1.3
The Objectives
1.4
The central and specific purposes of the study related to the tradition of inquiry (Phenomenological, Case Study, Oral History, Ethnography, Grounded Theory, Critical Research, Research, and Action Research) Specific objectives should be numbered so that these can easily be the point of reference in reporting results
1.3
The Study Framework
1.5
In the case of Grounded Theory Studies, the researchers’ emphasis is on the generation of theory/theories. Researchers may formulate new paradigm based on the research results. Researchers may customize the existing theory (Customized Paradigm) Researchers may integrate concepts from two (2) or more theories. (Integrated Paradigm Theoretical Paradigm
Conceptual Paradigm: Presentation of study concepts based on the research results, theoretical precepts, and literature reviews.
Conceptual Framework
This part discusses how the elements of the cited theory/theories are applied in the study. The diagram or paradigm (original or adapted) and how it was conceived/applied in the study and its corresponding explanation thereof is also an important part of this section. 1.5
Theoretical Theoretical Framework
This part describes and explains the theory/theories that are related and relevant to the problem which are drawn from related literature or studies. It clarifies the relationship rel ationship between and among the major variables of the theory. If there’s any, the original model should be illustrated. illustrated. 1.4
Theoretical Paradigm: Theory/theories drawn by communication scholars which may guide and explain the concepts as well as the underlying research epistemology (assumptions/postulates)
1.7 Conceptual Paradigm
investigation This part discusses extensive reasons why the topic is important A more expounded discussion of the relevant literature and research that substantiates the relevance and scope of the problem. Brief citation of the setting of the study. The participants/respondents and its scope should be presented.
Statement of the Problem
This part introduces the research question. Introductory paragraph should be the start of the statement of the problem that will justify the intent of the study and should be closed with the research question.
1.8 The Research Postulates 1.6
These are assumptions that are anchored to the study’s objectives. The statements or principles will be verified by the current study. Postulates should be numbered and with reference to the study objectives
1.9 The Explication of Terms
Operational Operational Definition of the concepts used in the study Shared meanings among the researchers, informants/participants and other sources Theoretical Theoretical and or Technical terms should be defined with proper attribution of sources (American Psychological Association or APA Style) Arrange the terms as they appear in the manuscript
This part consists of the clear, definite and logical statement of the objectives. Objectives cited in this section are enough to cover the thesis problem. Rely on specific objectives as a reference in reporting the findings. 1.7
Assumptions or Hypotheses Hypotheses
These are the assertions related to the study that identify relevant theory, statements or principles that were taken for granted as being true but that were not verified by the current study. Assumptions and hypotheses generally underlie beliefs, theories and practices. Assumptions are used if there is no variable testing while Hypothesis will be used if variables or relationships of the variables will be tested. Statement of assumptions should be numbered so that these can easily be the point of reference in reporting findings. 1.8
Objectives of the Study
Significance of the Study
This part presents the role of the research findings to diverse sectors The theoretical and practical significance should should be specific in stating the possible contributions of the findings. If suitable, the theoretical or conceptual conceptual significance should be addressed in particular. State in what way the study is important to the researcher/s,
students, groups, organization and institution in the community, etc. Explain in paragraph in what way each of them would benefit from the study. 1.9
This part sets the boundaries in the study that may decrease the ability to generalize findings to the target population. It includes the weaknesses of the study which are beyond the control of the researcher/s. 1.10
Limitations of Study
Operational Operational Definition
This section presents theoretical and/or operational definitions of relevant terms to the study. Each major term in the problem statement or research question and objectives should be defined. Major concepts/variables within the theoretical or conceptual framework should also be defined. Arrange the terms as they appear in the manuscript NOT alphabetically. If both scientific (technical/theoretical) (technical/theoretical) and operational operational definition will be used, separate the definition and indicate OD for operational definition and LD for lexical definition. Technical and or theoretical terms should be defined with proper attribution of sources (use American Psychological Association or APA Style).
References: 1. Cristobal, Amadeo Jr. P.,2017, Practical Research for Senior High School, C&E Publishing
2. Dawson, Catherine, 2002, Practical Research Methods, New Delhi, UBS Publishers’Distributors 3. Kothari, C.R.,1985, Research Methodology- Methods and Techniques, Techniques, New Delhi, Wiley Eastern Limited. 4. Kumar, Ranjit, 2005, Research Methodology-A Methodology-A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners,(2nd.ed.),Sin Beginners,(2nd.ed.),Singapore, gapore, Pearson Education.
Budget of work Dll Content
Bulleted (no narration) Short description
Analytical Theoretical Conceptual
