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Identifying Sentence Errors Sheet Music
I.
Agree greeme ment nt of Subj ubject ect and and Verb
1. Intervenin Intervening g Words Words Between Between Subje Subject ct and and Verb Verb
a. Verb Verbs s must must agree agree with with the subj subjec ectt noun noun or pron pronou oun, n, not with with words words m thought to be the subject. Her understanding of the arrangements is that the bride will carry red roses. The 1996 Olympic Games, regardless of the opposition, were held in Atlanta.
b. Verbs Verbs must must agree agree with the subjec subjectt and are not influen influenced ced by interv interveni eni beginning with in addition to, to , along with, with, as well as, as , including, including , or other similar
One of his paintings, in addition to several photographs, photographs, is on display in the lib Her parents, as well as Helen, make the dicision. 2. Subjects Subjects Compos Composed ed of More More Than One One Noun or Prono Pronoun un
a. Nouns, Nouns, both singu singular lar and plura plural, l, when joined joined by ‘and’, ‘and’, are are called called compoun compoun and need plural verbs The graphics and the photos are surrounded by a thick double line. b.
Compound Compound subjects subjects thought thought of of as a unit unit need need singu singular lar verb verb
Their pride and joy , Samantha, was born on Christmas Day. Green eggs and ham ham is Reggie’s favorite breakfast. c.
Singular Singular nouns nouns joine joined d by ‘or’ or ‘nor’ ‘nor’ need singular singular verbs. verbs.
A Coke or a Pepsi is what I thirst for.
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d. When a subje subject ct consist consists s of a singular singular noun nounand anUseful d a plural plur noun nou n joined joined by ‘o useful alNot the number of the verb is determined by the noun closer to the verb.
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Two novels and a travelogue are the bulk of Wilkinson’s work.
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3. Subject Words That May Be Singular or Plural
Collective nouns sound singular but may be plural, depending on how they are u examples include family, group, crowd, team, jury, soybeans, audience, he dozen, class, band, flock, majority, committee, heap and lot . Other words and e governed by the same rule are units of time, money, weight, measureme fractions. The jury is going to decide today. The jury are returning to their homes tomorrow. The majority favors a formal senior prom. The majority have their tickets for the boat ride. 4. Subject Words That Are Singular but Sound Plural
The names of books, countries, organizations, certain diseases, course titles, singular nouns may sound like plurals, because they end in ‘s’ but they usually singular verb. The United States is the only country not to ratify the treaty. You're Reading a Preview Measles is going around the school. Unlock full access with a free trial.
The World Series is played in October.
Download With Free Trial 5. Subjects Consisting of Indefinite Pronouns
a. Each, either, neither, the ‘ones’ (anyone, no one, everyone, someone ‘bodies’ (anybody, everybody, nobody, somebody ) require singular verbs. Each herb in the garden is different.
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Useful Not useful Neither of these parks belongs to the homeless people.
Everyone who works hard is definitely going to earn an “A”.
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6. When Subjects Follow Verbs
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When the subject of the sentence follows the verb, the verb takes its numbe subject as usual. Behind the building was an alley.
The “bare bones” approach
To find the subject of long sentences, reduce the sentence to its ‘bare bones’. S everything but its subject (a noun/pronoun) and its verb. Remember that you’ll nev subject in (1) a prepositional phrase, (2) a dependent clause, or (3) a phrase that the flow of the sentence. -
Look first for prepositional phrases. Cross out all of them.
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Look for dependent clauses. Cross out all of them. Hint: A comma frequently the dependent clause from the main clause.
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Look for interrupters, portions of the sentence that impede the smooth flow o idea. Usually they are set off by commas. Cross out all of them.
II.
Verb Tense
1. A statement that is true is expressed in present tense regardless of the ten You're Reading a Preview verbs in the sentence. Unlock full access with a free trial. Sheila had been taught that triangles contain 180 degrees.
2. In complex sentence, the verb tense of the dependent clause must be in seq Download With Free Trial the tense of the main verb. They had gone out for six months before they told their parents. Your teacher believes that you will do well on the SAT. Sign up to vote on this title
3. In an if clause, don’t use would have to express the earlier of the two action Useful Not useful use the past perfect. The ceremony would have been better, if Kirk had been the speaker.
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1. Confused Words and Word Choice
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Words that are easily mixed up: allusion/illusion/delusion
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Words that have the same roots: famous/infamous
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Wrong use: regardless/irregardless
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Informal: around/about
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Redundancy: both alike
2. Adjectives and Adverbs She runs fast. She lives in the fast track IV.
Agreement in Pronoun and Antecedent 1. Agreement in Number If the antecedent is singular, the pronoun must be singular. If the antecedent is pronoun must be plural. Despite the evidence, everybody is sticking to his own side of the story. 2. Agreement in Person; Shift in Pronoun Person. You're Reading a Preview Pronouns must be in the same person as their antecedents. Consistency is the Unlock full access with a free trial.
V.
Verb Forms
1. Present
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2. Past 3. Past Participle
The Subjunctive Mood
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The subjunctive expresses a condition contrary to fact, usually with if , as if , or and to statements expressing a wish. In almost every instance, the verb was
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1. Comparative Degrees
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Use the comparative degree to compare two things, and the superlative compare three or more things. Never create a double comparison by putting more, most, less and least in the same phrase with words in the comp superlative degrees. 2. Incomplete Comparisons a.
Incomplete comparisons that cause ambiguity
Incomplete: Mark visited his aged aunt longer than Cathy. Complete:
Mark visited his aged aunt longer than Cathy did. Mark visited his aged aunt longer than he visited Cathy.
b.
Comparisons using “as” usually require repetitions of the word “as”
c.
Comparing one thing to a group of which it is a part
Standard usage calls for the use of other or else when making comparisons. Lieutenant Henry was braver than any other pilot in the squadron. 3. Parallelism in Comparisons
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Not parallel: To go skateboarding is no longer as popular as hockey. Unlock full access with a free trial. Parallel:
Going skateboarding is no longer as popular as playing hockey. Download With Free Trial 4. Illogical Comparisons Logic breaks down when two or more unlike things are compared.
VII.
Pronoun Reference
1. Ambiguous References
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The teacher told the student that one of her responsibilities (as teacher) wa out books.
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Who and Whom: Use ‘who’ for all subjects, ‘whom’ when it’s an object of the p
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The new secretary, whom we hired today, looks like a competent person.
IX.
Parallel Structure 1. Parallel ideas should be expressed in the same grammatical form.
Her parents objected to the loud music she played and to the late hours she kep 2. When used to compare, parallel ideas should be grammatical equivalents. Going out to eat no longer thrills me as much as cooking at home. 3. Parallel ideas are often signaled by pairs of words like ‘either/or’ I either plan to invite my aunt or my uncle to the wedding.
4. When articles, prepositions, and conjunctions appear before the first parallel may have to be repeated before others as well. Poor: Our mechanic did a better job on my car than his. Correct: Our mechanic did a better job on my car than on his. 5. Parallel ideas should be logical equivalents. You're Reading a Preview Poor: Jim is six feet tall, kind, and a New Yorker.
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X.
Correct: Jim, a six-foot tall New Yorker, is kind. Download With Free Trial English Idiom There was no opposition in regards to the showing of the “R” rated film. There was no opposition with regards to the showing of the “R” rated film.
XI.
Modifiers 1. Misplaced Modifiers
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Because the Supreme Court begins to hear cases on the first Monday in Octob
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2. Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices Tracy worked hard on the project, she should have earned a higher grade. 3. Semicolon Melissa adores Cheerios; she eats them every morning.
XIV.
Wordiness
1. Meaningless repetition of an idea Not only is the city hot in the summer, it is also humid, too. 2. Circumlocution The reason why I came late was I came late because my car broke down. 3. The double “that” before a clause
I was delighted that when I returned the videotape that I was not charged day’s rental.
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