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International Islamic University Malaysia
ICT and Quran & SSunnah unnah Professor. Mohammed Zeki Khedher Jordan University
[email protected] June 22nd 2004 1
Contents
Historic Background Internet Islamic Sites ICT and Quran Sites of Quran ICT and Sunnah Sites of Hadith Conclusion 2
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Historic Background
Introduction of Arabic and other NonNon-Latin -Latin Based characters Cartridge and Floppy Disks based software • • • •
Text of Quran –– Salsabeel Sakhar Quran and Hadeeth Programs on MSX Sakhar Quran and Hadeeth Programs on PC Tafseer IbnIbn-Katheer -Katheer
CD based software Fi -Dhilal -DhilalDhilal-Al -AlAl• Books of Tafseer: Qurtubi, Jalalain, FiQuran,.. Al--Mawsoo’ah -Mawsoo’ah AlAl-thahaia -thahaia by AlAl-Turath -Turath Centre • Al
Internet Era 3
Results of search by Google search engine
On 1/ 1//55/ 5//2004 2004 • Q Quran uran 999000 Kuran 199000 102000 419000 • T Total otal = 1719000
On 10 10//6 /66//2004 /2004 • Q Quran uran 987000 Kuran 223000 126000 422000 • T Total otal = 1758000
15% a year Increase by 22% % in 50 days approxim approximately ately 15%
Sunna 147000 Sunnah 262000
Bible 24100000 24100000 abou aboutt 20 times the Quran 4
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Internet Islamic Sites
General Islamic sites • • • •
Specialized Islamic Sites • • •
Sites of Muslim governments Sites of Muslim organizations Muslim commercial sites
Languages • •
Sites of Quran Sites of Hadeeth Sites of Fiqh
General informative sites • • •
General knowledge sites Da’wah sites Islamic Information sites Islamic educational sites
One language Multi--lingual Multi
Sites by nonnon-Islamic Sources
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Quran & ICT
Sites of Quran Quran Text –– Othmani Font - search Books of Tafsir Science of Quran Audio Library Qiraat Teaching of Recitation and Memorization Broadcasting stations Books and Periodicals about Quran Subjects of Quran Quranic societies Scientific Miracles of Quran Non Arabic Sites and Translation 6
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Quran Text
Division to chapters (suras) and verses (Ayas) Special notations for stopping during recitation Additional characters to the Arabic alphabets • sord like alif • connecting hamza
Strict Tashkeel • • •
Additional shaddah after tanween Inside lamlam-alif Change in case of successive sukoons
• •
Combining two or three words Dividing one word in two parts
• • •
Short Ta’ and long Ta’ Sometimes adding alif to the end waw Combination of two successive words differently
Different writing style from normal way Different shape for same characters or words
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Othmani Font
Necessity Not enough effort to perform all the tasks properly http://qurankareem.info/
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Problems related to Quranic Text
Search problems Shape problems Tashkeel problem Combination or division problems Meaning problems Roots problems Prefix and suffix problems Semantic problems Links • • • •
http://www.arabsgate.com/quraan/ http://islamic.naseej.com.sa/staticpages/islamic/quran/index.asp http://www.quransite.com/ http://www.qurani.cc/ 10
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Tafsir of Quran
Books of Tafsir Specialized sites Tens of books Proper service of text • • • •
Plain Text; search problems Multi--reference Multi Problems of coordination No cross referencing
Classification of Tafsir Classification according to Mathhab; sunni, shi’a, sofi, mu’tazila.. • Classification according to linguistic, Fiqh, scientific, .. •
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Science of Quran • Reasons behind revelation • Nasikh and Mansookh • Statistics of Quran • Word by word meaning • Grammar of Qura • Topics of Quran • Merits of Quran • Rules deducted from Quran • Links http://www.altafsir.com/ http://www.44quran.net/vb/ http://www. 12
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Qiraat
Little has been done Need for database • Need for rules implication • Need for different fonts and writing styles • Need for Speech companion
Links http://www.quranway.net/
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Audio Library
Recoding of different recitations and styles No Speech analysis and synthesis Purposes of recording Recording of tafsir and speeches Links http://www.quranvoice.com/ http://quran.al--islam.com http://quran.al
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Teaching of Recitation and Memorization
Audio Visual aid Self recording Self training Links • • • • •
http://www.qquran.com/ http://www.islamophile.org/spip/rubrique.php33?id_rubrique= http://www.islamophile.org/spip/rubrique.php ?id_rubrique=170 170 http://www.khayma.com/islamissolution/iis/zelal/ http://www.qassimy.com/qoraankaream.htm http://www.reciter.org/recitera.php
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Broadcasting stations of Quran
Different styles and recordings Meaning and tafsir Broadcasting information Interaction with audience Links • http://www.quran http://www.quran--radio.net/ • http://samaway.host.sk/default.php • http://www.liveislam.com/series/quraan.htm 16
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Quranic societies, Books and Periodicals about Quran
Online subscription Electronic publications Browsing
Links
• • • • • • • • • •
http://www.kotob.ws/ http://www.quran--sunah.com/ http://www.quran http://www.qss.org/aboutus.html http://www.qur.88m.com/ http://www.qur. http://hoffaz.net http://www.daralquran.net/ http://gesah.net/quran/ http://www.al--mishkat/quran http://www.al http://www.al--mishkat/mujam http://www.al http://www.al--mishkat/rasool http://www.al 17
Topics of Quran
Hyperlinks Classification of subjects Deficiency of keyword guided topics •
Special oriented classification • • • •
Grammar oriented Scientific oriented Fiqh oriented Hadith oriented
Links http://www.alnoor--world.com/quran/ • http://www.alnoor 18
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Scientific Miracles of Quran • Increasing interest • Relation between modern science and Quran • Graphical, pictorial and diagrammatic way of
explainations • Cross reference to modern science sites • Links
http://abuhaibeh4.tripod.com/home/arabic/ijaz_kora http://abuhaibeh4 n.htm http://www.islampedia.com/ http://www.aleijaz.net/ 19
Non Arabic Sites about Quran and Meaning of Quran Inaccuracy Errors in translation Contradictions in translation Limited Bilingual or multilingual sites Arabic Albanian English French Italian Spanish Urdu Chinese Indonesian Azerbaijani Bosinian Japanese Korean German Dutch Portuguese Finish Hausa Malayalam Farsi Pishto Maranao Tamil Thai Russian Swahili Turkish Links:
• http://www.hamoislam.com/quraan.htm • http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/quran/ http://www.islamicity.com/multimedia/radio/ch100 100// • http://www.islamicity.com/multimedia/radio/ch
Available information is only small percentage of Arabic resources 20
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Meaning of Quran in English: An Example
( 63/ ) YUSUFALI:: Hold firmly to what We have given you and bring (ever) YUSUFALI to remembrance what is therein: therein: Perchance ye may fear Allah Allah.. PICKTHAL:: Hold fast that which We have given you, and remember PICKTHAL that which is therein, that ye may ward off off (evil) (evil).. SHAKIR:: We have given you with firmness and bear in mind what is in SHAKIR it, so that you may guard (against evil) KASSAB:: Take what we have given you with strong (determination) KASSAB and recall what is ( contained) therein, that you may fen off off ( Allah wrath) (37/ ) Then the mighty Blast seized them, and they lay prostrate in their homes by the morning morning.. (91/ ) But the earthquake took took them them unawares, and they lay prostrate in their homes before the mor morning! ning! ( 78 / ) So the earth earthquake quake took took them unawar wares, es, and they lay prostrate in their homes in the morning morning!! 21
Hyper link Necessity in Tafsir : An Example (#1) 6/ : (#1) 68/ : (#1) 118/ : (#1) 2/ : (#1) 20/ : (#1) 6/ : (#1) 43/: (#1) 68/ : (#1) 118/ : (#1) 2/ : (#1) 20/ :
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…continued ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 6 ) ( 1 ) ( 4 ) ( 22 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 7 ) ( 4 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 7 ) ( 1 ) ( 6 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ( 4 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 10 ) ( 5 ) ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 1 ) ( 6 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 27 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 15 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 9 ) ( 1 ) ( 42 ) ( 1 ) ( 8 ) ( 1 ) ( 4 ) ( 3 ) ( 10 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) (1) 108 = 326=
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…continued ( 6 ) ( 5 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 19 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) 10 = 45 =
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