EASTERN VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES TACLOBAN CITY
ARCH 553 HOUSING
HOUSING DELIVERY SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES
PRESENTED TO:
ARCHT. DIANNE ANGELYNNE LIM-SO, UAP INSTRUCTOR
PRESENTED BY:
ALBERT GREGORIO CLYDE ROMMEL P. LANZARROTE ALMALYN V. MACANIP KAREN MAE G. MARAVILLA DANICA ANDREA O. NOFIES MARY GRACE P. TAPAYAN JULBERT V. LAPIÑA BS- ARCHITECTURE 5A
HOUSING IN THE PHILIPPINES In the Philippines, less than 1/3 can afford proper shelter. In Metro Manila alone, there are 3.1 informal settlers; 23% stay in government land, 22% in private properties, 15% in danger zones (which include the streets, bridges, riversides, and along train tracks), and 40% on infrastructure sites. There still exists a huge problem on housing in the Philippines. Various factors affect this such as financing, government policies and interventions, institutional subsidies, and the values and culture the Filipino people illustrate. HOUSING PROBLEMS/ SOCIAL ISSUES The Philippines is beset with a huge backlog in providing for land security and housing for the poor. Two basic problems being faced by the government in realizing a successful housing program are:
Money Availability of land
Other issues hampering pro-poor land and housing programs:
High transaction costs due to the confusing and unclear land use policies Non-cooperation of land owners to engage in the Community Mortgage Program (CMP) Misinterpretation and/ or non-implementation of local government units (LGUs) Other problems pertaining to housing is the provision of land and housing to internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to natural hazards and armed conflicts.
INFORMAL HOUSING The magnitude of the housing need (defined as backlog plus new households) is staggering and has been estimated to reach more than 3.7 million in 2010. In Metro Manila alone, the total backlog (to include new households) has been projected to reach close to 500,000 units. Addressing this backlog will roughly require about 3,000 hectares of land if designed to accommodate detached housing units, a prospect that suggests the need for a higher density housing strategy if the housing deficit is to be effectively addressed. Beyond the provision of housing by the public sector, new approaches are needed especially since rural- urban migration is expected to continue and will exacerbate the housing problem.
HOMELESS In cities of industrial countries, the numbers of homeless people have increased and their existence has become a social problem since the 1980s. In cities of developing countries, the numbers of street homeless who cannot live even in squatter areas have increased since the end of the 1990s. These people face serious problems in surviving on the streets. They are an urban minority deprived of human rights and excluded from society. However, the problem of the street homeless has not yet been constructed as a social problem in developing countries because it is overwhelmed by the large- scale squatter problem. The street homeless have been regarded as a part of the squatter homeless.
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY AND DELIVERY A significant part of the problem plaguing the housing sector in the country is the lack of affordability. The fundamental solution to this problem is again rooted in economic growth, which provides employment and income to households, which can then increase affordability levels. In the short to medium term, increasing the availability of housing credit and financial resources and lowering the cost of land and housing production can make a significant difference. GOVERNMENT HOUSING STRATEGIES The National Shelter Program (NSP) represents the Philippine action agenda for housing. It is a comprehensive strategy of the government to assist homeless low- and middle-income families in meeting their housing needs through affordable housing opportunities. Under the NSP are five major schemes categorized under two main groups: Direct Housing which includes: (i) housing production; (ii) community programs; (iii) developmental loans; and Indirect Housing, which is composed of: (iv) home mortgages and (v) guarantees. In this regard, Executive Order (EO) 90, series of 1986 outlines the mandates of the government agencies involved in the delivery of the NSP and recognizes the need to engage the private sector in housing delivery and finance. HOUSING AND THE GOVERNMENT AND ITS DELIVERY SYTEM The responsibility of the government to ensure the provision of decent and affordable housing to every Filipino is contained in the Constitution, which mandates the State to undertake a continuing program of urban land reform and housing, which will make available at affordable cost decent housing and basic services to underprivileged and homeless citizens in urban centers and resettlement areas. From 1978 to present, the NSP has remained the key housing agenda of government. The program’s objective as well as mechanisms to achieve that objective remain in force today. Initially, the government adopted a highly centralized system of managing the program. This was done through the creation of a Ministry of Human Settlements (MHS) in 1978, which was served as the umbrella organization of all shelter agencies that had evolved since the 1950’s. These agencies include the following: 1. National Housing Authority (NHA), in charge of social housing production specifically upgrading of sites and services 2. Human Settlements Development Corporation (HSDC), also into shelter production and New Town and Estate developments 3. National Housing Commission (NHC), supports the HSDC and NHA in shelter production 4. Human Settlements Regulatory Commission (HSRC), regulates subdivision development and socialized housing construction 5. National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC) 6. National Environmental Planning Council (NEPC) 7. Housing Finance Corporation (HFC), provides mortgage insurance or guarantees to encourage private banks and financial institutions to grant housing loans on easy terms of payment
8. National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC), acted as a secondary market for housing mortgages 9. Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF), a provident savings fund maturing after 20 years Toward the end of the 1980s, a rationalization of the shelter agencies was undertaken. The Ministry of Human Settlements was dissolved, and in its place, the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC) was organized. Comparatively, the HUDCC had limited powers over the shelter agencies, since its main task was to coordinate the shelter agencies in the implementation of the NSP. The reorganization also reduced the number of key shelter agencies from nine to five (originally) : NHA, SHFC, HDMF, HGC, NHMFC, AND HLURB. (But later SHFC was included.)
Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC) It is the umbrella agency of various housing and development offices of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines. It was established by President Corazon Aquino through Executive Order No. 90, Series of 1986. Under Section 3 of EO No. 90, HUDCC is charged with the main function of coordinating the activities of the government housing agencies to ensure the accomplishment of the National Shelter Program. Specifically, HUDCC is tasked to: -
Formulate national objectives for housing and urban development and to design strategies for the accomplishment of these objectives; Determine the participation and coordinate the activities of the key government housing agencies in the national housing program; Monitor, review and evaluate the effective exercise by these agencies of their assigned functions; Assist in the maximum participation of the private sector in all aspects of housing and urban development; Recommend new legislation and amendments to existing laws as may be necessary for the attainment of government’s objective in housing; Formulate the basic policies, guidelines and implementing mechanisms for the disposal or development of acquired or existing assets of the key housing agencies; Exercise or perform other powers and functions as may be deemed necessary, proper or incidental to the attainment of its purpose and objectives. Key Shelter Agencies: National Housing Authority (NHA) Under PD 757 dated 31 July 1975. NHA was tasked to develop and implement a comprehensive and integrated housing program which shall embrace, among others, housing development and resettlement, sources and schemes of financing, and delineation of government and private sector participation.
NHA Charter : Presidential Decree 757 (31 July 1975)
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Develop and implement a comprehensive and integrated housing development and resettlement program Formulate and enforce general and specific policies for housing development and resettlement Prescribe guidelines and standards for the reservation, conservation and utilization of public lands identified for housing and resettlement Exercise the right of eminent domain or acquire by purchase privately-owned lands for purposes of housing development, resettlement and related services and facilities Develop and undertake housing development and/or settlement projects through joint ventures or other arrangements with public and private entities Promote housing development by providing technical assistance (Section 6)
Executive Order 90 (17 December 1986) -
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Sole government agency engaged in direct shelter production. It shall focus its efforts in providing housing assistance to the lowest 30% of urban income-earners through slum upgrading, squatter relocation, development of sites and services and construction of core housing units Undertake programs for the improvement of blighted urban areas and provide technical assistance to private developers undertaking low-cost housing projects May continue development of housing projects for income-earners above the lowest 30% provided that funds generated thereon are utilized for the attainment of its primary mandate (Section 1a)
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) It is a national government agency tasked as the planning, regulatory and quasijudicial body for land use development and real estate and housing regulation. These roles are done via a triad of strategies namely, policy development, planning and regulation.
The sole regulatory body for housing and land development, charged with “encouraging greater private sector participation in low-cost housing through liberalization of development standards, simplification of regulations and decentralization of approvals for permits and licenses”.
MANDATES (HLURB in retrospect) 1. PLANNING: (EO 648; EO 72; RA 7279) - Formulate guidelines for Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs) - Render technical assistance to LGU’s in CLUP preparation and to members of Provincial Land Use Committee (PLUC) and Regional Land Use Committee (RLUC) in CLUP Review.
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Review and ratify CLUPs of highly urbanized cities (HUCs) and independent component cities (ICCs) and review CLUPs of Metro Manila - Update and revise the National Urban Development and Housing Framework under the direction of HUDCC - Train LGUs in subdivision plan approval and zoning enforcement 2. REGULATION: (EO 648; EO 90; EO 71; EO 72; PD 957, 1216, 1344; BP 220; RA 7899; RA 9904; RA8763 (Sec.26)) - Register and license subdivision and condominium projects, farm lots, memorial parks and columbaria. - Monitor development and construction of registered/licensed projects. - Update and revise rules, guidelines and standards on housing and real estate. - Approve Master Deed and Declaration of Restrictions of condominium project, and any amendment or revocation thereof decided upon by a simple majority of all registered owners (concurrently with City or Municipal Engineer). - Issue Locational Clearances for projects considered to be of vital and National or Regional Economic or Environmental significance. - Register and supervise HOAs. - Register real estate brokers, dealers and salesmen engaged in selling projects under HLURB jurisdiction. 3. ADJUDICATION: (EO 648; RA 9904, 8763 (Sec. 26)) - Disputes between subdivision lot or condominium unit buyer and developer. - Intra- and Inter-Homeowners associations disputes. - Appeals from decisions of local zoning bodies.
Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF, also known as PAG-IBIG Fund) It is a Philippine government-owned and controlled corporation under the HDCC responsible for the administration of national savings program and affordable shelter financing for Filipinos employed by local and foreign based employers as well as voluntary and self-employed members. It offers its members short-term loans and access to housing programs. To provide its members with adequate housing through an effective saving scheme, Pag-IBIG Fund harnesses these four sectors of Philippine society: financial institutions, the industrial sector, the government, and the Filipino people. The Fund was created to address two of the nation’s basic concerns: (a) the generation of savings and (b) providing shelter for Filipino workers. It is directed to utilize funds not required for provident benefits for housing loans to members; the Social Security System (SSS), directed to be the primary provider of funds for long-term mortgages for low and middle-income private sector employees; and the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), directed to be the primary provider of funds for long-term mortgages for low and middle-income government employees. These three agencies were support agencies mandated to ensure that “funds for long-term housing loans are available on a continuous and self-sustaining basis.” EO 90 prescribed the amount of funds each would contribute along with other parameters for an “integrated home mortgage financing system” anchored by NHMFC.
RULE IV, SECTION 1 The Home Fund Development Mutual Fund or the Pag-IBIG Fund created under R.A. 9679 is a government financial institution involved in mobilizing provident funds primarily for shelter finance. It is a nationwide tax-exempt mutual provident savings system for private and government employees and other earning groups, supported by matching mandatory contributions of their respective employers in the spirit of social justice and the pursuit of national development with housing as the primary investment.
Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC) Originally chartered as the Home Financing Corporation in 1950 to “mobilize investible funds for housing purposes”; renamed (Home Insurance and Guaranty Corporation) in 1986 and recapitalized to provide a viable system of guarantees, loan insurance, and other incentives to encourage private development and financing of low-income housing. In its new 2000 charter, mortgage insurance was dropped. It is the government owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) mandated by law (Republic Act 8763) to promote sustainable home ownership by providing risk coverage of Guarantees and tax/fiscal incentives to banks and financial institutions/investors granting housing development loans/credits, and home financing. As HGC focuses on promoting home ownership to middle and low-income families. RULE III, ARTICLE 8. Corporate Powers and Functions. The Corporation, in addition to the regular powers and functions provided under section 36 of the Corporation Code, shall have the following powers and functions, subject to the limitations hereinafter provided: a. To promote Home building and land ownership, giving primarily preference to the homeless and under privileged sectors of the society; b. To guaranty the payment in favor of any natural or juridical person, of any and all forms of mortgages, loans and other forms of credit facilities and receivables arising from financial contracts exclusively for residential purposes and the necessary support facilities thereto; c. To assist private developers to undertake socialized, low and medium-cost mass housing projects by encouraging private funds to finance such housing projects through a viable system of long-term mortgages, guaranties and other incentives; d. To pursue the development and sustainability of a secondary mortgage market for housing as the primary strategy to encourage private sector participation in housing finance. The Corporation shall undertake such programs and measures using the guaranty cover as enhancement to encourage trading by the public in a secondary market for housing mortgages, bonds, debentures, notes and securities; e. To underwrite purchase, own, sell, mortgage or otherwise dispose of stocks, bonds, debentures, securities and other evidence of indebtedness issued in connection with the powers enumerated in the Act: Provided, it shall not engage in direct mortgage lending activities;
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To borrow money and/or to issue bonds, debentures, securities, collaterals, notes and other obligations, in both local and foreign currencies, subject to the limitations provided in Art. 19 hereof;
g. To promote housing by the aided self-help method whereby families with some outside aid build their own houses with their own houses with their own labor; to provide technical guidance to such families; to guaranty loans to such families on first liens on the house and land with such other security and conditions as the Corporation shall determine, providing at least for ultimate recovery of principals; and to do all other activities as are relevant and significant in such a program of aided self-help for housing; h. To adopt, alter and use a corporate seal; to enter into contracts; and to sue and be sued in its Corporate name in any court of competent jurisdiction; i.
To acquire , purchase, own, hold, manage, administer, operate, develop, lease, pledge, mortgage, exchange, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of real and personal property with every kind and description, monies and funds, or any interests therein as may now be necessary to effectively carry out the purposes, objectives and functions of the Corporation;
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To do any and all acts and things and to exercise all powers, which maybe necessary or convenient to the accomplishment or furtherance of its purposes and objectives, or which a natural person can do and exercise and which may now be or hereafter authorized by law.
National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC) The NHMFC was created in 1977 by virtue of Presidential Decree 1267 that gave it the mandate to develop and operate a secondary market for home mortgages. This mandate was patterned after the United States (U.S.) Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac that back then were considered the models for home finance securitization. The NHMFC was operating relatively well before 1984 in performing its mandate of buying home mortgages originated by private financial institutions and eventually selling them to the public as Housing Participation Certificates. Charted in 1979 as a secondary mortgage market institution and recapitalized by EO 90 to operate a viable home mortgage market utilizing long-term funds principally provided by the support agencies. In 2004, the Social Housing Finance Corporation (SHFC), a wholly-owned subsidiary of NHMFC, was established to develop and administer social housing finance programs for low-income formal and informal households;
Social Housing Finance Corporation (SHFC) E.O. 272, SECTION 2 MANDATE – The SHFC shall be the lead government agency to undertake social housing programs that will cater to formal and informal sectors in the low-income bracket and shall take charge of developing and administering social housing program schemes, particularly the CMP and the AKPF Program (amortization support program and developmental financing program)
*Over the years, the government has intervened in the housing market through a variety of instruments: A. Regulation, including rent control Government intervenes through regulation of land use and land tenure. Private developers intending to develop raw lands for housing must secure the necessary permits and clearances from the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board and the local governments concerned. A bidding process determines the private developer that would be allowed to develop government owned raw lands for housing. Many local government units still have to issue their respective local land use policies and regulation that will guide the utilization of lands within their territorial responsibility. The absence of a National Land Use Code has been a major reason for the inconsistent land utilization policies at the local level. The issue on Housing Rights was addressed through the many housing-related laws executive issuances (from 1986 to present) which respond to the provision of housing services to the country’s increasing population and institute the necessary implementing structures and mechanisms. Under the term of former President Corazon C. Aquino (1986 to June 1992), her administration issued several enabling laws and executive issuances on housing and urban development, as follows: - Executive Order No. 90 (of 17 December 1986) created the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC), the highest policy making and coordinating office on shelter and urban development. HUDCC is mandated to formulate goals and strategies for housing, coordinate agencies involved in government shelter delivery system, monitor targets, encourage private sector participation, propose new legislations and formulate policies for asset disposition. -
Republic Act 7279 (of 29 March 1992), otherwise known as the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992 (UDHA) was signed into law to address the housing shortage of the country. The Act lays down the groundwork for a comprehensive and continuing urban development and housing programme. It is the key legislation which addresses the right to housing of the homeless and underprivileged Filipino people. This law seeks to provide the provision of social housing to the marginalized sector by addressing their access to land and housing, relocation, demolitions, and promoting private sector participation in housing. The law also mandates local government units to provide shelter to qualified beneficiaries and to undertake measures to curtail the activities of professional squatters and squatting syndicates. In addition, the Act also mandates the formulation of a National Urban
Development and Housing Framework to guide policymakers in the determination of areas for urbanization and development of concomitant programmes to address the urbanization problems. The Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) and the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC) developed the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of the UDHA to ensure the observance of proper and humane relocation and resettlement procedures mandated by the UDHA of 1992. Another IRR is also developed and being implemented by the two government agencies governing the registration of social housing beneficiaries. -
Republic Act No. 7644 (of 6 December 1992), otherwise known as the New Rent Control Law, was passed into law to extend the validity of Rental Law to 1997.
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Executive Order No. 71 (of 23 March 1993) was issued devolving the powers of the Housing and Land use Regulatory Board to approve subdivision plans to cities and municipalities pursuant to Republic Act 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991. Executive Order No. 72 (of 25 March 1993) provides for the preparation and implementation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plans of Local Government Units pursuant to the Local Government Code of 1991 and other pertinent laws. Executive Order No. 129 (of 15 October 1993) established an institutional mechanism to curtail the activities of professional squatters and squatting syndicates and intensifying the drive against them. Executive Order No. 129 (of 15 October 1993) created the Task Force on AntiSquatting, which aims to curtail the proliferation of professional squatters and squatting syndicates. It was designed to protect the rightful beneficiaries of the various housing programmes.
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Other Examples of Laws and Regulations pertaining to Housing BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 220 “AN ACT AUTHORIZING THE MINISTRY OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS TO ESTABLISH AND PROMULGATE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF STANDARDS AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIALIZED HOUSING PROJECTS IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS FROM THOSE PROVIDED UNDER PRESIDENTIAL DECREES NUMBERED NINE HUNDRED FIFTY-SEVEN, TWELVE HUNDRED SIXTEEN, TEN HUNDRED NINETY-SIX AND ELEVEN HUNDRED EIGHTY-FIVE” PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 957 “Subdivision and Condominium Buyer’s Protective Decree” As Amended by PD 1216 - Regulating the sale of subdivision lots and condominiums, providing penalties for violations thereof. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 4726 ”An act to define condominium, establish requirements for its creation, and govern its incidents.” Otherwise known as “The Condominium Act”
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6552 “AN ACT TO PROVIDE PROTECTION TO BUYER OF REAL ESTATE ON INSTALLMENT PAYMENTS” Otherwise known as “Realty Installment Buyer Protection Act” REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9653 “AN ACT ESTABLISHING REFORMS IN THE REGULATION OF RENT OF CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL UNITS, PROVIDING THE MECHANISMS THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.” Otherwise known as the “Rent Control Act of 2009” PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1517 “PROCLAIMING URBAN LAND REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES AND PROVIDING FOR THE IMPLEMENTING MACHINERY THEREOF” Otherwise known as the “Urban Land Reform Act”
Tenurial Assistance Community resources are mobilized for resolution of land tenure issues and/or site development through the Land Tenure Assistance Program (LTAP), Community Mortgage Program (CMP) and Community Land Acquisition Support Program (CLASP). Under LTAP, the NHA extends credit assistance to Community Associations for the acquisition of land they occupy or intend to be resettled. Under other community-based approaches, the NHA acts as conduit between community associations/ cooperatives and financing institutions such as the National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC), Home Development Mutual fund (HDMF OR Pag-IBIG Fund) and other government and non-government institutions.
B. PRODUCTION OF HOUSING UNITS The National Housing Authority and the Home Insurance and Guarantee Corporation operate joint venture programs with the private sector. In general, private builders construct housing units after posting performance bonds with insurance companies. They are responsible for everything from procurement of materials and supplies to construction of the housing units. Payment is made on turn-key basis.
Resettlement Programs NHA – Administered Resettlement Program This involves acquisition and development of large tracts of raw land to generate service lots or core housing units for families displaced from sites earmarked for government infrastructure projects and those occupying danger areas such as waterways, esteros and railroad tracks. Resettlement Assistance Program for Local Government Units NHA assists in the development of resettlement sites by LGUs under its Resettlement Assistance Program for LGUs. This is implemented as joint undertaking between the LGU and NHA. The LGU's primary contribution is land while the NHA provides funds to cover cost of land
development. LGUs recover project cost from beneficiaries and utilize proceeds exclusively for project maintenance or to acquire and/or develop new resettlement sites. Core Housing Programs Entails acquisition and development of raw land as well as construction of housing units. The Program provides service lots with core housing designed to match the affordability of target market consisting mostly of low-salaried government and private sector employees. Under this program, projects are implemented under joint venture arrangement with private sector or LGUs. Partners invest or contribute equity in the project in terms of land or funds for land development and house construction. Medium Rise Housing Program An in-city housing alternative that entails the construction of three- to five-storey buildings. The Medium Rise Public Housing Program is implemented directly by NHA, utilizing the allocation for the Program under RA 7835 and units are made available under lease arrangement. On the other hand, the Medium Rise Private Housing Program is implemented directly by NHA ir in joint venture with other government agencies and/ or the private sector.
C. FINANCE The government provides development loans, mortgage take outs, guarantee and tax breaks to private developers and builders who participate in the National Shelter Program. Development loans for socialized and economic housing are given at subsidized rates of interest. The Community Mortgage Program charges a subsidized rate of 6% per year while developers of low cost housing pay interest rates ranging from 9.5% to 16% under the Abot Kaya Pabahay and the Social Housing Developmental Loan Program. The Home Insurance and Guarantee Corporation insures development loans. Under the mortgage take out scheme are the following: o o o o
DMF’s Expanded Housing Loan Program NHMFC’S Unified Home Lending Program (UHLP) SSS and GSIS housing programs Home Insurance and Guaranty Corporation’s Retail Guaranty Program
The government provides private developers financing for large-scale housing production under the following: o o o o
HIGC’s Development Guaranty Social Housing Development Loan SSS corporate housing program HDMF’s Group Land Acquisition Development
D. PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE The government builds the primary infrastructure. Secondary infrastructure such as onsite water supply, sewerage and power lines are for the responsibility of the private developers.
The developers may build the housing units or contract private construction companies to produce the units. On the other hand, homeowners or communities may be involved in the development of sites and services in community development programs. Slum Upgrading Programs Entails acquisition and on-site improvement of occupied lands through introduction of roads or alleys and basic services such as water and power. Land tenure issue is resolved through sale of homelots to bonafide occupants. Sites and Services Programs Entails acquisition and development of raw land into service home lots to serve as alternative to informal settlements as well as catchment areas for immigration and population growth. This approach is adopted in urban centers where population growth and overspill is anticipated and where beneficiaries intend to acquire housing on incremental basis. Housing Delivery Performance Review (From The State of Philipine Cities by Dr. Anna Marie Karaos and Gerald Nicolas of the John J. Carroll Institute on Church and Social Issues) The rapid increase in the urban population produces an enormous demand for shelter and tenure security. Slum areas are often blighted, overcrowded, and lacking in standard conveniences such as electricity, water, drainage and health services. While around 44 percent of the urban population in Metro Manila live in slums, 25 percent are not necessarily income- poor. The rapid increase in the urban population produces an enormous demand for shelter and tenure security. Housing assistance programs extended by government institutions such as the Social Security System (SSS) and Pag-IBIG also discriminate against the poor, The Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC) reports that the 102 presidential issuances as of 2006 covered 26,367 hectares, most of them in Metro Manila and occupied by more than 195,000 informal settler families. Despite having done little to halt the migration of people into cities, both the local and national governments adopt squatter relocation as a policy to curb the proliferation of illegal urban poor settlements. The Urban Poor Associates (UPA), a non-government organization monitoring eviction cases, reports that from 1996 to June 2008, a total of 287 demolition cases have rendered more than 85,000 families or more than 400,000 persons homeless. UPA also estimates that only half of the evicted families receive relocation assistance. Relocation to sites far from their sources of income has disrupted these families’ already meagre cashflow, and the absence of viable livelihood opportunities in the new sites is not easily remedied in the immediate term.
Non-government Organization (NGO’s) GMA KAPUSO FOUNDATION VISION We are the most accomplished, most trusted and most credible non-government organization in the Philippines; the leader in serving and uplifting the lives of the underprivileged members of our society through Serbisyong Totoo and the responsible use of media. MISSION We uplift the lives of underprivileged Filipinos all over the Philippines by: providing quickresponse relief operations to fulfill the most immediate needs in times of crises; undertaking health, nutrition and medical projects to promote greater equity in health; carrying out developmental programs designed to promote education and foster learning.
A year after Yolanda hit the Philippines, the survivors’ stories of resilience continue as they rebuild from the ruins of their storm-ravaged homes. Since the typhoon’s landfall in 2013, GMA Kapuso Foundation (GMAKF) – with its long-standing commitment to Serbisyong Totoo – has been a steadfast advocate in turning these stories of loss into stories of hope through its quick response in times of need and its extensive disaster relief programs. On the anniversary of Yolanda, GMAKF officially turned over 120 permanent concrete houses of Phase II and III of its Kapuso Village in Tacloban City to select families displaced by the super typhoon. GMAKF is the first NGO to turn over permanent concrete housing to Yolanda survivors in Tacloban City. A total of 172 houses were turned over since July 2014. An additional 231 houses will be ready for occupancy in the coming months, fulfilling in part the Foundations’ 403-unit concrete housing project in the area. The 3.5-hectare permanent resettlement area donated by Tacloban City Government. In Palo, 200 houses in Sitio Caloogan were donated built on a 2.5 hectares of forestland. Through the generosity of numerous citizens all over the world, the project was able to come to fruition. Furthermore, GMA Network and its roster of stars showed the true meaning of the Kapuso spirit by participating in GMAKF’s Yolanda rehabilitation efforts.
RED CROSS Vision The PRC will be the foremost humanitarian organization in the Philippines, in services provided and number of people served. Mission PRC provides timely, efficient, and responsive humanitarian services to the most vulnerable in accordance with the principles and values of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
More than 66,000 families now have safer, more disaster resilient homes in typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) affected areas, as the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) has already completed 86 percent of its target number of homes to be built in its shelter project under its typhoon Haiyan recovery program. As of date, a total of of 72,636 families were provided shelter out of the target 80, 203, which is targeted to be completed until the end of 2016. This is the largest ever shelter assistance that the Red Cross has provided in any post-disaster operations locally and globally, in terms of number of houses built and amount of shelter assistance provided. In building shelter, the PRC involves the community in all aspects of the building process. The beneficiaries themselves were part of the consultations regarding designs and plans for the shelters that the Red Cross and its partners were to build for them. Beneficiaries are even involved in the actual building of the houses. Houses built through the PRC housing project were built employing the “build back better” principle for disaster resilience and have been proven to withstand some of the strongest typhoons that came after Yolanda. The shelter project covers the provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Cebu, Eastern Samar, Iloilo, Leyte, Palawan, and Western Samar; as well as the cities of Bogo, Ormoc and Tacloban. The housing project is supported by PRC’s partners in the International Red Cross Red Crescent (RCRC) Movement, composed of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and several National Societies. RCRC National Societies involved in the Haiyan housing project include Finnish Red Cross, Spanish Red Cross, German Red Cross, Hong Kong Red Cross, Taiwan Red Cross, French Red Cross, Japanese Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross, British Red Cross, American Red Cross, Australian Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross, Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) or Indonesian Red Cross, Qatar Red Crescent Society, Swiss Red Cross, and Bahrain Red Crescent. PRC’s private partners that have contributed to the housing project include Air Asia, HSBC, CUBE, Citibank and AusAID. ADVT. UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Vision In the Philippines, UNDP fosters human development for peace and prosperity. Working with central and local Governments as well as civil society, and building on global best practices; UNDP strengthens capacities of women, men and institutions to empower them to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the objectives of the Philippine Development Plan. Through advocacy and development projects, with a special focus on vulnerable groups, UNDP works to ensure a better life for the Filipino people.
Mission UNDPs overall approach is to strengthen capacities of local governments and communities in democratic governance, poverty, disparity and vulnerability reduction, sustainable management of environment and natural resources, and climate change adaptation and disaster risk management, while ensuring that human rights and gender are integrated into local policies, processes, programmes and budgets. Complementary actions at the national and policy levels will be undertaken to contribute to a more conducive enabling environment for local interventions. To reflect the complex and multi-sectoral nature of the development challenges of the country, UNDP is pursuing convergence in its program and developing cross-practice activities such as the Poverty-Environment Initiative, Security Sector Reform, Environmental Justice and Improved Local Governance for HIV Response. Permanent housing units distributed in four locations as follows: 55 units in Tacloban City; 55 units in Ormoc City, Leyte;55 units in the municipality of Hernani in Eastern Samar; and 67 units in the municipality of Basey, Western Samar.
GAWAD KALINGA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION, INC. (GK) MISSION Ending poverty for 5 million families by 2024. VISION Gawad Kalinga is building a nation empowered by people with faith and patriotism; a nation made up of caring and sharing communities, dedicated to eradicate poverty and restore human dignity. A Philippine-based movement that aims to end poverty for 5 million families, by first restoring the dignity of the poor.The 38 homes were given at the Aurora GK Village, Brgy. Crossing, San Isidro, Leyte, Philippines
CATHOLIC ORGANIZATION FOR RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT AID (CORDAID) Mission Cordaid is the Dutch Catholic Organization for Relief and Development Aid. We aim at a just and sustainable world for everybody. Where we share our Global Common Goods, where we make space for diversity and where we work together with everyone who shares our values, interests and a common purpose. We are an innovative, entrepreneurial and professional not-for-profit organization aiming at maximizing the social impact of our work in fragile and conflict affected areas. Our vision We have inherited the earth from our ancestors. It is our job to leave it a better place for future generations: a world where people are safe, can live with dignity, develop themselves and have the freedom to speak out. We believe in the driving force of solidarity, in the power and strength of people and the capacity of local communities to make this world a reality. Flourishing communities offer opportunities to all their members to realize their full potential and participate in social, economic, cultural and spiritual life. Project Information: Resilient Recovery Program
POPE FRANCIS VILLAGE POPE FRANCIS FOR RESILIENT AND CO-EMPOWERED, SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES (FRANCESCO) The aim of this integrated and people-driven intervention is to help the affected communities regain their lives and assets through resilient dwelling houses, rebuilding livelihoods, and continuous strengthening of their organizations so that they can fully participate in community governance and effectively engage the local governments. The project is known as “Pope Francis Village”. Project Information
OPERATION BLESSING VISION To see Filipino families and communities achieve transformed lives. MISSION As mandated by God, our mission is to proclaim the Good News of Jesus Christ to the people of the Philippines and help them achieve transformed lives, one family and one community at a time. To achieve our mission, We are committed to conduct community transformation programs on: Disaster Response, Healthcare, Livelihood, Children’s Programs and Infrastructure.
Bamboo is used as a housing material introduced by the Operation Blessing Inc, a nongovernment organization that will build more 324 permanent shelters to families in Tacloban whose houses were totally destroyed by supertyphoon “Yolanda.” Operations Blessings (OB) Philippines will build 324 permanent shelters in Palanog village, tagged as the city's safe zone. The NGO broke the ground for the Community of Hope (COH)-Palanog community centers and market. The new community consists of a health station, day care room, administration office, youth activity and recreational area, and the livelihood training area. Houses can withstand a magnitude 8 earthquake and resistant to typhoons with up to 250 kilometers per hour, incorporating the bamboo cement technology of Hilti Foundation (Base Bahay).According to Kim Pascual, the NGO's executive vice president and chief operating officer
