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Question 1 - Qid 10092, Quality Q uality Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Quality In which process would you use the following type of diagram?

Plan Risk Management

Conduct Procurements Control Quality Control Schedule Your answer is correct Explanation: The diagram shown is a Pareto Diagram. It is one of the Seven Basic Quality tools used in the Project Quality Management knowledge area. In particular, it's used in Plan Quality Management process and in Control Quality process as one of their Tools and Techniques (T&T).

Question 2 - Qid 10084, Human H uman Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You are speaking with the department manager of the quality assurance group. He tells you that in his experience all people are lazy and without constant supervision nothing would ever get done. He also mentions that the only reason that people take any responsibility at your company is because there is such a good incentive program. What theory best describes this manager? Theory X Theory Y Theory Z Theory P Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question describes a classic advocate of Douglas McGregor's Theory X. Managers who accept this theory believe that employees have no ambitions, try to avoid responsibilities, and in order to get the work done they should be micro-managed and constantly watched. Please note that although the PMBOK Guide comprises the majority of the content you will encounter on the PMP Exam, there are also other sources that are used as content material. These include such things as PMI's Practice Standards, commonly accepted forecasting techniques such as time series, causal and  judgmental, as well as statistical statisti cal analysis techniques techniq ues such as ROI, IRR and NPV, common organizational behavior theories such as Tuckman's Ladder, Theory X and Theory Y, and commonly accepted project management best practices, such as refraining from the use of gold plating.

Question 3 - Qid 12218, Risk Management, Planning, Plan Risk Responses

Conduct Procurements Control Quality Control Schedule Your answer is correct Explanation: The diagram shown is a Pareto Diagram. It is one of the Seven Basic Quality tools used in the Project Quality Management knowledge area. In particular, it's used in Plan Quality Management process and in Control Quality process as one of their Tools and Techniques (T&T).

Question 2 - Qid 10084, Human H uman Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You are speaking with the department manager of the quality assurance group. He tells you that in his experience all people are lazy and without constant supervision nothing would ever get done. He also mentions that the only reason that people take any responsibility at your company is because there is such a good incentive program. What theory best describes this manager? Theory X Theory Y Theory Z Theory P Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question describes a classic advocate of Douglas McGregor's Theory X. Managers who accept this theory believe that employees have no ambitions, try to avoid responsibilities, and in order to get the work done they should be micro-managed and constantly watched. Please note that although the PMBOK Guide comprises the majority of the content you will encounter on the PMP Exam, there are also other sources that are used as content material. These include such things as PMI's Practice Standards, commonly accepted forecasting techniques such as time series, causal and  judgmental, as well as statistical statisti cal analysis techniques techniq ues such as ROI, IRR and NPV, common organizational behavior theories such as Tuckman's Ladder, Theory X and Theory Y, and commonly accepted project management best practices, such as refraining from the use of gold plating.

Question 3 - Qid 12218, Risk Management, Planning, Plan Risk Responses

You are performing the Plan Risk Responses process for your manufacturing project and encounter a critical risk that may have a high impact on the project completion. All of the following are valid responses to this new risk except? Allocating Contingency Reserves Developing Fallback Options Conducting Bidder Conferences Reviewing Risks Driven by Strategies Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Conducting bidder conferences is not a strategy used in Risk Management. All other answer choices are valid risk responses.

Question 4 - Qid 12164, Time Management, Planning, Sequence Activities You are managing a nationwide telecom network deployment project. You learned that you are unable to start any civil works before obtaining a government agency's permit, which could take months. The project deadlines are aggressive and you might face  penalties if you don't don 't meet them. Obtaining the government govern ment agency's permit prior to to civil works on any site is an example of which of the following? Mandatory Dependency External Dependency Project Constraint Project Requirement Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question asked you about the relationship between civil works and the government agency permit to perform these works. When we are talking about relationships between activities we are talking about dependencies between the tasks. Obtaining the permits will definitely be in your project's scope of work and will also be a part of your contract. Therefore, it is considered a mandatory dependency. Similarly, as you have to fulfil this requirement it is both a project constraint and a project requirement. Most importantly, as obtaining the permit and the lead time to do so is beyond your control, it is an external dependency, which is the best answer to this question given the scenario.

Question 5 - Qid 10018, Quality Q uality Management, Planning, Plan Quality Management

You are currently performing the Plan Quality process for your construction project. You are required to prepare the process improvement plan along with the quality management plan for your project. You intend to use the Six Sigma methodology to help you in your process improvement. Which of the following should you choose for your process improvement plan? DMAIC -Define Measure Analyze Improve Control DMADV - Define Measure Analyze Design Verify TQM - Total Quality Management PDCA - Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Total Quality Management (TQM) and Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) are process improvement methodologies but do not belong to Six Sigma. DMAIC (Define Measure Analyze Improve Control) is used for projects aimed at improving an existing business  process, while DMADV (Define Measure Analyze Design Verify) is used for projects aimed at creating new product or process designs.

Question 6 - Qid 10010, Scope Management, Planning, Create WBS Which of the following statements regarding the work breakdown structure (WBS) is incorrect? The WBS subdivides project work into smaller and more manageable components The WBS is a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the project work The WBS organizes and defines the total scope of the project The WBS contains components representing higher levels of scope decomposition called work packages Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Create WBS is the process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more manageable components and results in the creation of the work  breakdown structure (WBS). The WBS contains increasing levels of scope decomposition called WBS components. Only the planned work contained within the lowest levels of the WBS components are called work packages. Therefore, the statement 'The WBS contains components representing higher levels of scope decomposition called work packages' is incorrect because work packages only refer to the lowest level WBS components.

Question 7 - Qid 10036, Procurement Management, Executing, Conduct Procurements You are managing a factory setup project and it was decided earlier that you will outsource all construction activities to qualified vendors. Your project planning is complete and your next step is to have potential vendors review the construction activity requirements so that they can fully understand the scope of work and submit accurate cost and schedule estimates for its completion. Which of the following procurement tools and techniques would be best to obtain these cost and schedule estimates? Proposal evaluation techniques Independent estimates Advertising Bidder conferences Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Bidder conferences are meetings between the buyer and all prospective sellers prior to the submittal of a bid or proposal. They are used to ensure that all prospective sellers have a clear and common understanding of the procurement requirements, and that no  bidders receive preferential treatment.

Question 8 - Qid 10028, Human Resource Management, Executing, Develop Project Team You have just started managing a project to produce a guidance system for a communications satellite. According to the previous project manager, the project team was in the performing stage and smoothly completing the project activities. During your first week as the project manager you decide to change a few of the project procedures to make them more efficient. You also determined after meeting with each of the project team members that the project team is actually in serious conflict. What is the most likely reason for the project team's current behavior? The previous project manager's assessment of the project team currently being in the performing stage was inaccurate The project team is rebelling against you as the new project manager Your roles and responsibilities as the new project manager were not communicated effectively to the project team The replacement of the project manager has moved the project team back to the storming stage Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

This question is referring to the Tuckman ladder of team development that describes five stages that teams may go through: forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. Although it is commin for these stateges to occur in order, it is not uncommon for a team to get stuck in a particular stage or slip to an earlier stage. During the storming stage the team begins to address the project management approach and if team members are not collaborative and open to differing ideas and perspectives, the environment can become conflictive and counter-productive. In this scenario, any of the answer choices can be real situations, and if they are occur can cause conflicts. However, whenever there is a significant changes to the proejct team, the team can move back from the performing stage to the norming or even the storming stage. Because you replaced the previous project manager and changed a few of the project procedures, this is most likely the reason that that the team regressed from the performing stage to the storming stage.

Question 9 - Qid 10069, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs If EV = $100, AC = $90, PV = $110 and BAC = $400, how much is the Cost Variance of a project? $300 $40 $20 $10 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The formula to calculate Cost Variance (CV) is: CV = EV - AC. Therefore, CV = 100 90 = 10.

Question 10 - Qid 10083, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs Your project performance review shows that your project's current planned value = 30,000 Euro and earned value = 29,000 Euro. Which of the following statements is true about your project? CPI = 0.96 The project is ahead of schedule The project has a positive cost variance The project is behind schedule Your answer is incorrect

Explanation:

If you calculate the schedule performance index (SPI), which = EV / PV, you will find that it is 0.96. Any SPI less than 1 indicates that you are behind schedule. This question is also not as difficult as you may think because generally speaking if your earned value (29,000 Euro) is less than your planned value (30,000 Euro) then you are behind schedule.

Question 11 - Qid 10046, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs You are managing a project to install upgraded communications equipment for an emergency medical dispatch department within the local fire department and your  project budget is $20,000. You have spent $17,000 so far and the project is 75% complete. A new project budget of $25,000 has been approved. What should your To Complete Cost Performance (TCPI) be if you want to complete your project within the new approved budget? 1.667 0.882 0.625 0.521 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question is asking about the efficiency that must be maintained in order to complete the current EAC. This can be calculated using the formula TCPI = (BAC - EV) / (EAC AC). The BAC is the initial project budget, which is $20,000. The project's current Earned Value is $15,000, which is calculated by multiplying the Actual % Complete (.75) times the the BAC ($20,000). The EAC is the new budget ($25,000) and the AC is $17,000. Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question: TCPI = (BAC - EV) / (EAC - AC) BAC = $20,000 EV = (.75) * $20,000 = $15,000 EAC = $25,000 AC = $17,000 -------TCPI = (BAC - EV) / (EAC - AC)

TCPI = ($20,000 - $15,000) / ($25,000 - $17,000) TCPI = $5,000 / $8,000 TCPI = .0625

Question 12 - Qid 10089, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Perform Integrated Change Control Your customer calls you on the phone and informs you of a minor change to a requirement on the project. What is the first thing that should be done? Analyze the request and its consequences to the project Instruct your engineer to implement this minor change Ask the customer to provide a formal change request  Note it in the weekly status report Your answer is incorrect Explanation: All changes on a project must be documented and then formally approved via the Perform Integrated Change Control process. In this scenario, an informal conversation may not be sufficient for you to completely analyze the request and its consequences to the project. By asking the customer to make a formal change request even for a minor change, the customer is able to give the matter more thought. It is also important to have it written such that the change is adequately, clearly and completely described to avoid any misinterpretation. You should not instruct your engineer to implement this minor change as it is not approved and is subject to change. You could note it in the weekly status report but it is certainly not the first thing that should be done.

Question 13 - Qid 10051, Integration Management, Closing, Close Project or Phase Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Close Project or Phase  process? The Close Project or Phase process is used only for successful projects The Close Project or Phase process is always the last process that is performed during the project The Close Project or Phase process is performed prior to the administrative closure The Close Project or Phase process completes all procurements Your answer is incorrect

Explanation:

The PMBOK Guide defines this process as follows: "Close Project or Phase is the  process of finalizing all activities across all of the Project Management Process Groups to formally complete the project or phase." The Close Project or Phase process is used for both the successful and failed projects. Saying that this process completes prior to the administrative closure is incorrect. And the process is definitely not responsible for dealing with closing the procurements. The only statement that is correct in all possible cases is that the Close Project or Phase  process will be the final project process.

Question 14 - Qid 10085, Scope Management, Planning, Create WBS In one of your presentations to your project sponsor you mentioned the Code of Accounts. She is unfamiliar with the term and asks for clarification. Which of the following would you use to explain the Code of Accounts? The management reserve notes in the Risk Register Project budget Work Breakdown Structure Risk Breakdown Structure Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Code of Accounts is a numbering system that uniquely identifies each component of the WBS.

Question 15 - Qid 10024, Quality Management, Executing, Perform Quality Assurance You are currently performing process analysis on your project and following the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify needed improvements. You have identified problems that have surfaced, constraints that have been encountered, and nonvalue-added activities on your project process execution. You are currently reviwing a sample of the results from your process analysis and you need to decrease your confidence interval for your measurements. What should you do regarding the sample size you have selected to decrese this confidence interval? You should increase the sample size to decrease the confidence interval

You should decrease the sample size to decrease the confidence interval You should keep the same sample size since it does not have any effect on the confidence interval You should keep the same sample size but decrease the number of measurements in the sample Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Confidence interval is the range of statistical values within which a result is expected to fall with a specific probability. A confidence interval (CI) is a particular kind of interval estimate of a population parameter. Instead of estimating the parameter by a single value, an interval likely to include the parameter is given. In this way, confidence intervals are used to indicate the reliability of an estimate. The smaller the confidence interval, the more accurate the measurement is. Therefore, if we want to decrease the confidence interval, i.e. we want a closer estimate, we need to increase the sample size.

Question 16 - Qid 10049, Risk Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Risks Which of the following tools or techniques is specifically used to help control project risks? Quality Audit Pareto Diagram Tornado Diagram Reserve Analysis Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This was a difficult question because each of the answer choices seem as though they all could help control project risk. Conducting quality audits could identify where company policies, procedures, or processes are not being followed correctly. The results of a quality audit could identify a source of risk that could impact the project but a quality audit is not a tool or technique that is used too specifically control risk. Pareto diagrams can help in identifying the principal causes of problems that have been observed during a projects execution. They are an important tool and technique of  project quality management and the analysis of a Pareto diagram may help to identify an issue, but remember an issue is not a risk, a risk is a potential issue that has yet to be realized. Pareto diagrams themselves are not a tool or technique that is specifically used to control project risks. Similarly a tornado diagram is useful in the analysis of identified risks but is not a tool or technique that is specifically used to control project risk.

Reserve analysis is a tool or technique that is specifically used to control project risk by setting aside contingency reserves that will be used to control the impact of identified risks in a project such as cost estimate uncertainty or any other identified project risk. Reserve analysis allows the project team to ensure that proper contingency funds are available to mitigate or address risks identified during the projects planning or execution that become issues. As you will discover when you take your PMP exam it is possible that there are many  probable or potentially correct choices but you must always choose the choice that best answers the specific question being asked. PMP exam questions are designed to test your knowledge of the content of the PMBOK guide and your ability to carefully read and answer the questions asked. The question, "which of the following tools or techniques is specifically used to help control project risks?" is different than which of the following "may" or "can" be used to identify, analyze, or control project risk. These challenging questions are the ones that will best prepare you for PMP exam success.

Question 17 - Qid 12076, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs The total authorized budget for your IT project is $160,000 and management reserves is $20,000. You want to measure cost performance to see how the project is doing. In this context, the cost performance is against measured which of the following budget amounts? $180,000 $140,000 $20,000 $160,000 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Cost performance of a project is measured against the cost baseline. The cost baseline is the project budget minus management reserves, which in this case is $160,000 - $20,000 = $140,000. Since the problem does not mention the use of any management reserves, the cost baseline is $140,000.

Question 18 - Qid 10044, Time Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Schedule You are managing a project to create a new brand of smart motorized wheelchairs for the orthopedic ward at a neraby medical center. You have have just calculated your  project performance measurements and your project's current CPI is 0.9 while your

 project's current SPI is 1.1. Which of the following statements is correct regarding your  project's performance status? You are over budget and ahead of schedule You are under budget and behind schedule You are over budget and behind schedule You are under budget and ahead of schedule Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A CPI less than 1.0 indicates that more money was spent than planned for project work completed at this point. An SPI greater than 1.0 indicates that more project work was completed than planned at this point. Your CPI is 0.9 and SPI is 1.1, so you are over  budget but ahead of schedule.

Question 19 - Qid 10064, Time Management, Planning, Define Activities Which of the following is not a Tool & Technique of Define Activities? Decomposition Rolling Wave Planning Milestones Expert Judgment Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Decomposition, Expert Judgment, and Rolling Wave planning are tools and techniques of the Define Activities process group. A milestone is a significant point or event in a  project. It is not a T&T of Define Activities process. Milestone list is one of its outputs.

Question 20 - Qid 10027, Human Resource Management, Executing, Acquire Project Team You are working in a weak matrix organization. You are having problems acquiring the  project human resources you were promised earlier during the planning phase of the  project. The substitute resources being offered to you do not have the skills required to  perform the project work. What should you do to resolve this problem?

You should issue a change request You should use your legitimate power to obtain the required resources You should convince your project sponsor to release the necessary resources You should negotiate with the functional manager Your answer is incorrect Explanation: In a weak matrix organization the project manager's authority and power is relatively low and the project manager typically acts as a project coordinator or project expediter. In a weak matrix resource availability is typically low and those resources and the  project budget is managed by a functional manager. Therefore in order to obtain the resources required to execute the project successfully you must negotiate with the functional manager who has control and authority over all the resources.

Question 21 - Qid 12018, Time Management, Planning, Develop Schedule In your project, you can delay 'Activity 1' by three days without delaying its successor 'Activity 2'. However, delaying 'Activity 1' will delay the project by six days without delaying the overall project finish date. Which of the following statements is correct in this scenario? The Total Float is 6 days and the Free Float is 3 days The Total Float is 3 days and the Free Float is 6 days The Total Float is 3 days and the Free Float is zero The Free Float is 3 days and the Total Float is zero Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Free Float is three days and Total Float is six days. Free Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the successor activity. Total Float is the amount of time the project can be delayed without delaying the project finish date.

Question 22 - Qid 10008, Scope Management, Planning, Collect Requirements You are managing the construction of your company's new office building. Your project sponsor approaches you and asks you to email him a project document that you  presented to senior management during your last project status meeting. He tells you that he has forgotten the name of the document you mentioned during your presentation. However, he said that it contained a textual description of each of the product

requirements, the rationale for their inclusion, respective owner, source, priority, and the current status. Which project document is your project sponsor requesting? The requirements management plan The requirements traceability matrix The scope management plan The work breakdown structure Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Each of these documents contains information about the product requirements but only the requirements traceability matrix links product requirements from their origin to the deliverables that satisy them. This is the document your sponsor is requesting. Typical attributes used in the requirements traceability matrix may include: a unique identifier, a textual description of the requirement, the rationale for inclusion, owner, source,  priority, version and current status (such as active, cancelled, deferred, added, approved, asigned, completed), and status date. Additional attributes to ensure that the requirement has met stakeholders' satisfaction may include: stability, complexity, and acceptance criteria.

Question 23 - Qid 10034, Communications Management, Planning, Plan Communications Management You are managing an educational research project and three separate project teams work for you. Each team consists of four engineers and a team lead. There is no need for cross-team communications because every person only needs to communicate within their own team. Only the team leads report directly to you and when information needs to be distributed from one team to another, this also goes through you. What is the total number of communication channels used on your project? 36 30 33 120 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Based on the scenario you are leading 3 completely independent teams. The most important fact to grasp is that the team members of one team NEVER communicate with the team members of another team. This means you cannot simply calculate the total number of people and then apply the communication channel formula. Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question:

Step 1:  



Each team consists of 4 engineers and a team lead. That's 5 people. Therefore, the total number of communication channels within each team is 5*4/2 = 10. Since there are 3 such teams, the total number of all internal team communication channels is 3*10 = 30.

Step 2: 



3 team leads are reporting to you. However, they do not talk to each other, they only talk to you. This means that you talk to 3 people = 3 communication channels (no formula needed to calculate this).

Step 3: 

Therefore, the total number of project communication channels is 30 + 3 = 33.

Question 24 - Qid 10082, Risk Management, Planning, Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis Your project objective is to replace all of your internal photocopy machines. You have  been given a large set of requirements from the users. Having evaluated solutions from four vendors you realize that not every vendor can satisfy all the requirements. There is some risk involved and you decide to use the Expected Monetary Value method to analyze the problem. If you just used EMV, which of the following vendors would you select? Vendor 1: 80% probability of success and a profit of $20,000 Vendor 2: 90% probability of success and a profit of $19,000 Vendor 3: 75% probability of success and a profit of $18,000 Vendor 4: 85% probability of success and a profit of $20,000 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Multiplying the percentages by the cost will show that 0.9 x $19,000 = $17,100. This solution provides the highest profit to the project. Note that the question clearly says "Using only EMV, which of the following vendors would you select?". If you take other factors into consideration you might not select this one.

Question 25 - Qid 12126, Risk Management, Planning, Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

You are managing a water supply network deployment project. During project planning you are considering two approaches to lay the pipe network. Approach A will most likely cost $50,000 (+/-5%). Approach B will most likely cost $25,000 (+/-40%). Which approach will you select if your project stakeholders' risk tolerances are low and if you want to select the less risky approach?  Neither approach since they are not definitive estimates Approach B since it ranges from $15,000 to $35,000 Approach A since it ranges from $47,500 to $52,500 A combination of approach A and B Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Please note that the question doesn't ask for the approach that is more financially feasible. Instead, the question asks you to identify the approach that has the lower risk. The larger the range of an estimate, the larger the risk. Since approach B is a wide range estimate, it is more risky. Approach A has a narrow estimate, which makes this approach less risky.

Question 26 - Qid 12092, Time Management, Planning, Plan Schedule Management You are managing a software development project. You want to create the basis that will be used later on for estimating, scheduling, executing, monitoring, and controlling the project work. Which process performs this activity? Create WBS Define Scope Define Activities Create Project Management Plan Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Activities form a basis for estimating, scheduling, executing, and monitoring and controlling the project work. This is performed in the Define Activities process.

Question 27 - Qid 10022, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Monitor and Control Project Work You are managing a web development project and currently directing and managing the  project execution. While performing A/B Testing your team discovered some defects in

the software code that was developed by them. Your project will be rejected by your customer if these defects are not corrected before an upcoming inspection. What should  be your first course of action? Fix the defects right away Obtain the customer's approval for the defect repair Issue a defect repair change request Update the project management plan Your answer is incorrect Explanation: As a result of comparing planned results to actual results, change requests may be issued to expand, adjust, or reduce project scope, product scope, quality requirements, schedule baselines or cost baselines. Change requests may include: corrective action,  preventive action, or defect repair. In this scenario, a defect was found and needs to be fixed before the upcoming inspection. However, the first step is to create a defect repair change request. By the way, did the term 'A/B Testing' in the question confuse you because you didn't know exactly what it meant? It wasn't necessary to understand what the exact nature of the project is or what the work performed was in order to answer this question correctly. All you needed to understand was that deliverables had defects that needed to be repaired in a controlled manner. Remember that the PMP Exam tests your understanding of project management concepts and not whether you know how to manage a specific type of project, such as a web development project.

Question 28 - Qid 10048, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Monitor and Control Project Work Forecasting by analogy is a project forecasting method. Which of the following forecasting categories does this method belong to? Judgmental methods Causal/econometric methods Time series methods Artificial intelligence methods Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Judgmental forecasting methods incorporate intuitive judgement, opinions and subjective probability estimates, and is used in cases where there is lack of historical data or during completely new and unique market conditions. Examples of methods in

this category are composite forecasts, surveys, delphi method, scenario building, technology forecasting and forecast by analogy.

Question 29 - Qid 25171, Procurement Management, Planning, Plan Procurement Management The risk shared between the buyer and the seller is determined by which of the following? The Scope of Work The Teaming Agreement The Contract Type The Project Charter Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The risk shared between the buyer and seller is determined by the contract type. For example, fixed-price contracts have a higher risk for the seller while cost-reimbursable contracts have a higher risk for the buyer.

Question 30 - Qid 10076, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Durations You are meeting with a customer for initial discussions about a software implementation project. At the end of the day, the customer asks you for a general estimate of the project duration. Based on your experience with three similar past  projects you estimate an 8-10 month implementation time frame. What is this type of estimation technique called? Three-Point Estimating Bottom-Up Estimating SWAG Analogous Estimating Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Analogous estimating uses parameters such as budget, duration, size, weight, and complexity, from a previous, similar project, as the basis for estimating the parameter or measure for a future project.

Question 31 - Qid 10041, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Perform Integrated Change Control Who has the authority to issue a change request on a project? Project Manager Project Sponsor Project Team Any Stakeholder Your answer is incorrect Explanation: According to the PMBOK Guide, changes may be requested by any stakeholder involved with the project.

Question 32 - Qid 10059, Integration Management, Executing, Direct and Manage Project Work You have recently been assigned to work with another PMP on a large project at your company. You have heard from a colleague that this other project manager's practices, are often in violation of the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct. What should you do next? Talk to the project manager's line manager and discuss your concerns Report this to the project sponsor Evaluate the credibility of your colleague's statements before taking any action Do nothing since the project manager is not doing anything contrary to the company's policies Your answer is incorrect Explanation: As per the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct you should bring violations of the code to the attention of senior management at the company and possibly PMI. However you should get the facts together and gather evidence before taking either of those steps.

Question 33 - Qid 10074, Scope Management, Planning, Create WBS What is a work breakdown structure?

A hierarchically-organized depiction of the project organization A hierarchical structure of resource categories A hierarchical representation of project risks A deliverables-oriented decomposition of the project work Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables.

Question 34 - Qid 10091, Quality Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Quality What is the name of the diagram displayed below?

Flowchart diagram Ishikawa diagram Wishywashy diagram Fish diagram Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Ishikawa diagrams (also called fishbone diagrams, herringbone diagrams, or cause and effect diagrams) are causal diagrams that show the causes of a certain event. Created by

and named after Kaoru Ishikawa, these diagrams are used in product design and quality defect prevention to identify potential factors causing an overall effect. Each cause or reason for imperfection is a source of variation. Causes are usually grouped into major categories to identify these sources of variation. Note that the answer 'fish diagram' is incorrect, because the correct term is fishbone diagram.

Question 35 - Qid 10066, Communications Management, Executing, Manage Communications What percentage of their time do project managers spend communicating? At least 25%  No more than 75% 80% 90% Your answer is incorrect Explanation: According to Kerzner, project managers spend 90% of their time communicating.

Question 36 - Qid 10061, Integration Management, Initiating, Introduction The PMBOK® Guide is an example of which of the following?

A project management methodology

A standard

A regulation

A university textbook Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

The PMBOK® Guide is generally recognized as a project management framework, not as a methodology. It contains the globally recognized standard and guide for the project management profession. A standard is a formal document that describes established norms, methods, processes, and practices.

Question 37 - Qid 10079, Human Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You are a project manager in a strong matrix organization. A team member on the  project is consistently delivering her work packages late and below the required quality standards. The issue has been discussed with her several times already but no improvement has been visible. As the project manager you decide that it is time to employ coercive power. What measure will you implement? You punish her by removing the privilege to work from home for two days per week You bargain with her to give her better assignments if she performs You discuss the situation with her line manager You ask the human resources department to step in Your answer is incorrect Explanation: You are a project manager in a strong matrix organization and therefore you have considerable authority and power over your project team members, and also a full-time administrative staff. French & Raven recognize five types of power: Coercive, Reward, Legitimate, Referent, and Expert. Coercive power comes from the belief that a person can punish others for noncompliance and is also known as penalty power.

Question 38 - Qid 12680, Human Resource Management, Planning, Plan Human Resource Management You are developing your project's Human Resource Management Plan. Your sponsor asked you to take the historical information from previous projects to determine this  project's human resource roles and responsibilities. Which of the following sources contains this information? Organizational Process Assets Enterprise Environmental Factors Project Management Plan Project Charter Your answer is incorrect

Explanation:

Organizational Process Assets contain historical information about previous projects.

Question 39 - Qid 10017, Cost Management, Planning, Determine Budget You are currently determining the budget for your project. You have used the BottomUp and PERT Three-Point cost estimation techniques to estimate the costs of your  project work packages. You have rolled up the costs cos ts of these work packages into a total cost of $50 Million. Your management has approved a $5 Million contingency reserve and a $3 Million management reserve for this project. What is your project cost  baseline? $50 Million $53 Million $55 Million $58 Million Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This question gives you three values and asks you to calculate the project cost baseline. The three values given are:   

$50 Million - Project Work Package Cost $5 Million - Contingency Reserve $3 Million - Management Reserve

If you add up these three values your total is $58 Million. This total represents the total funds required for your project. In order to calculate the project cost baseline you need to leave out the management reserve. The cost baseline is calculated by adding your project work package cost plus the contingency reserves, i.e., $50 Million + $5 Million = $55 Million.

Question 40 - Qid 10086, Integration Management, Initiating, Project Management Definition In project management, scope, quality, schedule, budget, resources, and risks are referred to as: The six core knowledge areas

Unimportant Project phases Competing project constraints Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A key role of the project manager is to guide the project team to success while  balancing competing competin g project constraints.

Question 41 - Qid 10039, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Monitor and Control Co ntrol Project Work You are the project manager of a process improvement project for a factory operation. Which of the following activities will not be performed during the Monitor and Control Project Work process of your project? Comparing actual project performance against the Project Management Plan Identifying new risks and analyzing, tracking and monitoring existing project risks Analyzing change requests and either approving or rejecting them Monitoring implementation of approved changes as they occur Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Comparing actual project performance against the Project Management Plan, identifying new risks, analyzing, tracking and monitoring existing project risks and monitoring the implementation of approved changes are all activities that you need to  perform during the Monitor Monit or and Control Project Work process. pro cess. However, you will not review change requests during this process since this needs to be done during the Perform Integrated Change Control process.

Question 42 - Qid 10038, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Monitor and Control Project Work You are managing a project to develop a new robot for a mining rescue company. You are currently performing a monitoring and controlling project activity and you have discovered that some of the project work has not been performed according to the plan. If these issues are not fixed before the next customer inspection, your project might be canceled. You have analyzed the situation and you know what corrective actions are required. What should you do first?

Implement the corrective actions Submit a change request Consult the project sponsor Delay the scheduled customer inspection Your answer is incorrect Explanation: All of the available answers seem like possible options in this scenario but the question is specifically asking what you should do first. Although you have already analyzed the situation and you know what corrective actions are required, you must follow the proper change control procedure. The first thing you should do in this scenario is to submit a change request and have it approved before you can implement the changes. Note: "Issue a change request" is quite often an excellent answer choice when encountering questions that ask you what to do next when dealing with the need to make a change.

Question 43 - Qid 12036, Human Resource Management, Executing, Develop Project Team Which of the following is not used to measure a project team's performance? Technical success according to agreed-upon project objectives Performance as pertains to the project schedule Technical success in obtaining necessary skill certifications for project work Performance as pertains to the project budget Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The performance of a successful project team is measured in terms of the following: 

 

Technical success according to agreed-upon project objectives (including quality levels) Performance on project schedule (finished on time) Performance on project budget (finished within financial constraints)

Although it may be important for each individual team member to achieve technical success in obtaining necessary skill certifications for project work, which may in turn improve the overall team's performance, this type of measurement is at the individual  performance level rather rathe r than the team performance level. lev el.

Question 44 - Qid 13021, Time Management, Planning, Develop Schedule

Your pharmaceutical drug manufacturing project is behind schedule and you are under  pressure from the stakeholders to finish the project on time. You want to use a schedule compression technique to improve performance. You have four different activities on your project that can be performed in parallel. Which schedule compression technique is  best to use in this situation? Fast Tracking Crashing Applying Leads and Lags Resource Leveling Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Fast Tracking is a schedule compression technique in which activities or phases normally done in sequence are performed in parallel for at least a portion of their duration.

Question 45 - Qid 10019, Human Resource Management, Planning, Plan Human Resource Management According to the Herzberg's Motivation Hygiene Theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor? Achievement Good Working Conditions Recognition Career Advancement Your answer is incorrect Explanation: What Herzberg determined was that people need things like good working conditions, a satisfying personal life, and good relations with their boss and coworkers - things he labeled "hygiene factors." They don't motivate you, but you need them before you can  be motivated. Until you have them, you don't really care about "motivational factors" like achievement, recognition, personal growth, or career advancement.

Question 46 - Qid 10002, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter You are preparing business cases for two electronic product development projects that your company is considering. The first of these is a GSM technology-based project,

which expected to result in $50 Million net profit, while the second one is a CDMA technology-based project expected to net $45 Million. Both projects could be very lucrative and rewarding. However, your financial controller has told you that your company can only invest in one of these projects. If you choose to execute the GSM  project, what will be your opportunity cost? $95 Million $50 Million $45 Million $5 Million Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Opportunity cost is the cost of a commercial decision and is regarded as the value of the alternative that is forgone. Since you have decided to go with the GSM project and forego the $45 Million in potential profit from the CDMA project, this means the opportunity cost of this decision is $45 Million.

Question 47 - Qid 12703, Quality Management, Planning, Plan Quality Management According to Philip Crosby, which of the following is a correct statement about quality? Quality inspection and correction is preferable to defect prevention The system of quality is Defect Control The measurement of quality is the price of conformance The quality standard is zero defects Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Philip Crosby considered the following to be the Absolutes of Quality Management:    

Quality is conformance to requirements Defect prevention is preferable to quality inspection and correction Zero Defects is the quality standard Quality is measured in monetary terms

Question 48 - Qid 12193, Scope Management, Planning, Create WBS

Regarding WBS Quality Principle 1, there are two sub-principles that pertain to satisfying requirements for the use of a WBS. Which of the following are these two sub principles? Hierarchical and Lucid Well Formatted and Scope Relevant Core Characteristics and Use-Related Characteristics Zero Defects and Total Quality Management Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Core Characteristics and Use-Related Characteristics are the two sub-principles of WBS Quality Principle 1. These principles are explained in the PMI practice standard for WBS. Note: This is probably one of the most obscure types of questions you will encounter on practice exams or on the actual PMP Exam. PMI actually published a document separate from the PMBOK Guide titled "WBS Quality Principles", which outlines the suggested guidelines to use when performing the Create WBS process. Please refer to this document (available at www.pmi.org) for more detailed information.

Question 49 - Qid 10068, Communications Management, Planning, Plan Communications You are on a team that has five members including you. How many communication channels do you personally have? 5 4 10 12 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This question is trying to trick you into applying the communication channel formula  but it isn't needed. Only logic is needed. The question isn't asking "How many communication channels are there on the project?" Instead it is asking "How many communication channels do you personally have?" Therefore, since the team has five members including you, this means that you are personally communicating with four other members on the team. Therefore, you personally have four communication channels.

Question 50 - Qid 10067, Quality Management, Planning, Plan Quality Management

What is Quality according to the PMBOK® Guide? The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements The customer's need to be involved in the process The process of identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project Quality is inspected not built into a result Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This is the definition that the PMBOK Guide provides referring to the ISO 9000: Quality Management Systems

Question 51 - Qid 10062, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs A project has the following earned value measurements: EV=100, CPI=1, SV=80. How much is the Earned Value? 100 1 1.5 0 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The answer is actually embedded in the question itself. EV stands for Earned Value. So if EV=100, then the correct answer is 100.

Question 52 - Qid 10043, Scope Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Validate Scope Which of the following performance metrics measures project performance against the  project scope? Schedule Performance Index Cost Performance Index Cost Variance  No metric is used Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

SPI is Schedule Performance Index, CPI is Cost Performance Index. None of these metrics measure the project performance against the project scope. In fact, there is no metric mentioned whatsoever in the PMBOK Guide that measures this kind of performance. The performance can be measured against the scope baseline  but there is no metric for doing so. The question is trying to trick you.

Question 53 - Qid 10045, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs You are managing a hotel construction project. You are doing great in terms of the  project schedule but you feel you may be over budget. You ask your project team to calculate the current earned value metrics to determine the project performance. Your team reports back that the project's TCPI based on BAC is 0.9. Which of the following is true regarding your project's current situation as reflected by this TCPI value? You are within your budget You are over budget You are behind schedule You are ahead of schedule Your answer is incorrect Explanation: TCPI is not a schedule performance measurement. A TCPI value = 1 means you are right on budget and as long as you maintain the present CPI you should not exceed the  project budget. A TCPI value > 1 means you need to take a stricter cost management approach or you will exceed your budget at completion BAC. A TCPI value < 1 indicates you are well within your budget and have done a good job of managing project costs.

Question 54 - Qid 10078, Risk Management, Planning, Plan Risk Management There is only one output to the Plan Risk Management process. Which of the following is this output? Risk Register Risk Management Plan Risk Related Contractual Agreements Organizational Process Assets Updates Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

As a general rule, all planning processes have a plan as their output.

Question 55 - Qid 10053, Integration Management, Closing, Close Project or Phase Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Close Procurements and the Close Project or Phase processes? Procurement closure involves verification that all work and deliverables are acceptable, where Close Project or Phase does not Close Project or Phase is only a subset of Close Procurements Procurement closure means verifying that the procured work is complete or terminated. Close Project or Phase is the process of tying up and closing all of the activities for every project management process group Procurement closure is performed by the seller. Close Project or Phase is performed  by the buyer Your answer is incorrect Explanation: When you are performing the Close Procurements process, you are closing out work  performed by a seller for a contract. To do that there are a few things for you to do: 1) You verify that all of the work and deliverables are acceptable 2) You finalize any open claims 3) In case of early termination, you follow the termination clause in the contract. On the other hand, when you are performing the Close Project or Phase process, you are finalizing all of the various activities that you perform across all of the process groups. You are also verifying that the work and deliverables are complete.

Question 56 - Qid 20003, Time Management, Planning, Develop Schedule Mary is currently planning her bridge construction project. She has prepared the following chart to depict the schedule of her project. What is this type of chart called?

WBS RBS Gantt chart Flowchart Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart that graphically displays schedule-related information. In the typical Gantt chart, schedule activities are listed down the left side of the chart, dates are shown across the top, and activity durations are displayed horizontally on the right side of the chart.

Question 57 - Qid 12663, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs You are performing Earned Value Management on your project. The Cost Baseline in Earned Value Management is also a part of: Cost Estimating Baseline Performance Baseline Cost Measurement Baseline Budget Baseline Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A Cost Baseline is a part of the Performance Baseline. The Performance Baseline is an approved plan for the project work to which the project execution is compared, and deviations are measured for management control. The Performance Baseline typically integrates the scope, schedule and cost parameters of a project.

Question 58 - Qid 10003, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter You are managing a construction project. You are required to build 50 bridges in a metropolitan city. Due to the complexity of the project, it is divided into 10 sequential  phases, with each phase requiring construction of five bridges. You have just finished the first phase of your project and you are about to kick off your second phase. Which PMBOK® Guide  process should you start to kick off the second phase of the project? Develop Project Charter Develop Project Management Plan Direct and Manage Project Work Monitor and Control Project Work Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The PMBOK Guide processes are applicable to the entire project if the complete project is a single-phase project. In the case of multi-phase projects, the PMBOK Guide recommends that you treat each phase of the project as a sub-project and apply all the  processes to each phase. You are about to start a new project phase, and as a result, you should start with the Develop Project Charter process.

Question 59 - Qid 12172, Communications Management, Planning, Plan Communications Management You just took over the management of an industrial construction project, which is in the execution phase. You determine that your team is communicating directly with their client company's peers. According to the Communications Management Plan, all client interaction should be performed through the project manager. What is the potential reason for your team's behavior? The Communications Management Plan is not comprehensive The Project Management Plan has not been shared with the team The previous project manager is not a PMP The Communications Management Plan was later updated Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Answer choice 'A' is incorrect since the scenario indicates that the Communications Management Plan is intact and it outlines that the project manager is responsible for all the interactions with the client organization. Answer choice 'D' is also incorrect since

there is a conflict between the Communications Management Plan and the team's  behavior. Answer choice 'C' is incorrect as we can't conclude from the scenario whether the last project manager was a PMP or not. The Project Management Plan contains the Communications Management Plan and this information was neither shared with the team nor was it enforced.

Question 60 - Qid 10029, Human Resource Management, Executing, Develop Project Team You are managing a software development project. One month ago your Software Development Team Lead resigned and you promoted your star programmer to lead the development team. This person was a fantastic software coder and you thought the  promotion would mean that he could share his expertise across the development team. However, you are surprised to learn that the performance of your new team lead in his new role is not meeting your expectations. Which empirical rule did you forget while considering the promotion of this person? Peter Principle Murphy Principle Pareto Principle Cornelius Principle Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Peter Principle states, "In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his/her level of incompetence". Most project team members are motivated by an opportunity to grow, accomplish, and apply their professional skills to meet new challenges. Their achievements continuously promote them within an organization to a certain level until they are unable to perform. Your team lead might have risen to his incompetency level.

Question 61 - Qid 20002, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs Linda's project contains six tasks. These are displayed in the table below, along with their individual planned budgets. Today, Linda has finished her third task and is now  planning to start her fourth task. The actual costs incurred during the first three tasks are also displayed. If Linda continues to perform at the current cost performance rate, what would be the Estimate at Completion for her project?

$27,000 $27,671 $28,000 $28,333 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question is asking about EAC based on CPI, assuming that the CPI is expected to  be the same for the remainder of the project. This can be calculated using the formula EAC = BAC / CPI. The BAC is the total project budget, which is $28,000 (the sum of the planned value for each task). The Total AC is $16,800 (the sum of the actual cost of the first three tasks). The project's current Earned Value is $17,000 (the sum of 100% of the planned value of the first three tasks). Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question: EAC = BAC / CPI CPI = EV / AC -------EV = Activity 1 Earned Value + Activity 2 Earned Value + Activity 3 Earned Value EV = (100% * $5,000) + (100% * $7,000) + (100% * $5,000) EV = $5,000 + $7,000 + $5,000 EV = $17,000 AC = Activity 1 Actual Cost + Activity 2 Actual Cost + Activity 3 Actual Cost AC = $5,500 + $6,700 + $4,600 AC = $16,800 CPI = EV / AC

CPI = $17,000 / $16,800 CPI = 1.011904761 -------EAC = BAC/CPI EAC = $28,000.00 / 1.011904761 EAC = $27,670.58826 EAC = $27,671 (rounded)  Note: When you are answering these types of formula questions you may not see the exact answer as one of the answer choices due to different types of calculators available and different rounding calculations. The most important thing to remember is that if you do not see the exact answer to the question, you want to select the closest answer to your calculated answer because this will be the

Question 62 - Qid 10014, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Durations You are managing a project in Alaska to extend an existing oil pipeline. You have just finished defining your activities and you are now estimating their durations. Obtaining government permits is one of the project activities that is critical to the success of your  project. You obtain expert opinion regarding time requirements for this activity, and you have determined that the most likely duration is 15 days, the optimistic duration is 10 days, and the pessimistic duration is 30 days. What would your estimate be for duration in number of days to complete this activity if you want to put more weight on the most likely duration and also include an additional 10 percent contingency reserve on top of the calculated estimate? 17 Days 18 Days 20 Days 33 Days Your answer is incorrect Explanation: PERT is a technique that relies on three point estimates and helps us calculate a number of variables including: variance, standard deviation, straight or triangular distribution and weighted or beta distributions. This question is asking for you to place more weight on the most likely estimate, so you want to use the PERT Weighted Average (Expected Time Duration Based on Beta Distribution) formula, which is (Pessimistic + (4*Most

Likely) + Optimistic) / 6. The question is also asking you to include an additional 10  percent contingency reserve on top of the calculated activity duration estimate. Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question: PERT Weighted Average = (Pessimistic + (4*Most Likely) + Optimistic) / 6 Pessimistic = 30 Most Likely = 15 Optimistic = 10 PERT Weighted Average = (30 + (4*15) + 10) / 6 PERT Weighted Average = (30 + (60) + 10) / 6 PERT Weighted Average = 100 / 6 PERT Weighted Average = 16.66666666 PERT Weighted Average = 16.67 (rounded) PERT Weighted Average + 10% contingency reserve = PERT Weighted Average * 1.10 PERT Weighted Average + 10% contingency reserve = 16.67 * 1.10 PERT Weighted Average + 10% contingency reserve = 18.337 Days  Note: When you are answering these types of formula questions you may not see the exact answer as one of the answer choices due to different types of calculators available and different rounding calculations. The most important thing to remember is that if you do not see the exact answer to the question, you want to select the closest answer to your calculated answer because this will be the

Question 63 - Qid 10095, Cost Management, Executing, Control Costs Mary is managing a data migration project and the project is currently in the executing  phase. The project's current total earned value (EV) is $25,000 and the current schedule variance (SV) is $5,000. What is the project's current schedule performance index (SPI)? 1 1.25 0.83

0.2 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question is asking you to determine the schedule performance index (SPI) given the earned value (EV) and the schedule variance (SV), but you also need to know the  planned value (PV) to correctl y answer this question. Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question: SPI = EV / PV -------EV = $25,000 SV = $5,000 PV = EV - SV PV = $25,000 - $5,000 PV = $20,000 -------SPI = EV / PV SPI = $25,000 / $20,000 SPI = 1.25

Question 64 - Qid 10021, Risk Management, Planning, Plan Risk Management You are managing a process improvement project for your organization. During the Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis process you identified that there are some risk categories missing in your Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS). You need to document these new risk categories in your RBS. What is the best way to do this? Update the risk register with the new categories as part of the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process and make any update required to the RBS Revisit the Identify Risks process to update the RBS Revisit the Control Risks process to update the RBS Update the RBS in the Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis process Your answer is incorrect

Explanation:

The RBS is a hierarchically-organized depiction of the identified project risks arranged  by risk category and subcategory that identifies the various areas and causes of potential risks. The RBS is part of the Risk Management Plan and can be updated as part of the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process when new categories of risk can be added to  both the risk register and the risk breakdown structure.

Question 65 - Qid 10013, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Resources You are currently performing planning for a construction project. Your project sponsor asks you to send him your project's Resource Breakdown Structure so that he can  present it to his senior management during an upcoming meeting. You have not yet developed the Resource Breakdown Structure for your project. Which process do you need to start in order to develop it? Estimate Activity Resources Plan Human Resource Management Develop Project Management Plan Acquire Project Team Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Resource Breakdown structure (RBS) is a hierarchical structure of the identified resources, broken down by resource category and resource type. The RBS is developed during the Estimate Activity Resources process and is one of its outputs.

Question 66 - Qid 10090, Risk Management, Planning, Identify Risks Which of the following is not part of the Risk Register? Root causes of the identified risks Management reserve amount List of identified risks List of potential responses Your answer is incorrect Explanation: While the Risk Register may contain a budget for the identified risk responses, the management reserve amount is not part of the Risk Register.

Question 67 - Qid 10012, Time Management, Planning, Sequence Activities You are currently involved in the pre-sales of a satellite communications project. You are an employee of a telecommunications equipment vendor company that also provides telecom site selection, construction, equipment installation, site integration, and postimplementation support services. Your customer is negotiating a very aggressive project deadline. However, you know that the equipment needs to be ordered at least two months in advance. This means that you need to place the equipment order at least two months before your planned project rollout. This dependency is an example of which of the following? Preferred logic Preferential logic Hard logic Soft logic Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The scenario refers to a dependency that is inherent in the nature of the work. Mandatory dependencies are those that are contractually required or inherent in the nature of the work. Mandatory dependencies are also sometimes referred to as hard logic. Conversely, preferred logic, preferential logic, and soft logic are synonyms for the discretionary dependencies.

Question 68 - Qid 12284, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Durations You are managing an amusement park development project. You received the following duration estimates for site excavation. The most likely estimate is 5 days, the optimistic estimate is 3.5 days, and the pessimistic estimate is 8 days. What is the variance of the data? 0.562 days 5.5 days 5.25 days 0.75 days Your answer is incorrect Explanation: PERT is a technique that relies on three point estimates and helps us calculate a number of variables including: variance, standard deviation, straight or triangular distribution

and weighted or beta distributions. This question is asking for the activity variance, so you want to use the PERT Beta Activity Variance formula, which is ((Pessimistic Optimistic) / 6)^2. Following are the detailed calculations for the correct answer to this question: PERT Activity Variance = ((Pessimistic - Optimistic) / 6)^2 PERT Activity Variance = ((8 - 3.5) / 6)^2 PERT Activity Variance = ((4.5) / 6)^2 PERT Activity Variance = (0.75)^2 PERT Activity Variance = 0.562 days Following is a list of each of the PERT formulas and when to use them: PERT Activity Variance = ((Pessimistic - Optimistic) / 6)^2 PERT Activity Standard Deviation = (Pessimistic - Optimistic) / 6 PERT Simple Average (Expected Time Duration Based on Triangular Distribution) = (Pessimistic + Most Likely + Optimistic) / 3 PERT Weighted Average (Expected Time Duration Based on Beta Distribution) = (Pessimistic + (4*Most Likely) + Optimistic) / 6

Question 69 - Qid 10047, Quality Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Quality Which of the following is an example of a Cause and Effect diagram? Pareto Diagram Matrix Diagram  Network Diagram Why-Why Diagram Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Cause and Effect diagrams are also called Why-Why, Fishbone, or Ishikawa Diagrams.

Question 70 - Qid 10052, Integration Management, Closing, Close Project or Phase You are managing a software development project. All of your project deliverables are complete and you are ready to start your Close Project or Phase process. Which of the following activities will not be performed during Close Project or Phase process?

Making sure that all exit criteria have been met Obtaining formal acceptance of all deliverables from all stakeholders Moving the project's deliverables to the next phase or into production Documenting lessons learned Your answer is incorrect Explanation: By the time the you start performing the Close Project or Phase process, you should have already obtained formal, written acceptance of the deliverables. Formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables occurs during the Validate Scope process. Therefore, obtainining formal acceptance of all deliverables from all stakeholders will not be performed in the Close Project or Phase process but rather in the Validate Scope  process.

Question 71 - Qid 10025, Quality Management, Executing, Perform Quality Assurance You are currently Performing Quality Assurance process on your project by conducting a quality audit. Which of the following is not a specified objective of a quality audit? Sharing good practices introduced or implemented in similar projects in the organization and/or industry Document the effectiveness of the Risk Management process Identifying good and best practices being implemented Identify all nonconformity, gaps, and shortcomings Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Perform Quality Assurance process is conducted in the Quality Management knowledge area, not the Risk Management knowledge area. Although documenting the effectiveness of the Risk Management process is an important activity, it is performed in the Risk Management knowledge area, not the Quality Management area. All remaining answer choices are specific objectives of the quality audit.

Question 72 - Qid 10065, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter Who should initiate the Project Charter on a project? The project manager An entity external to the project

The CEO The most senior project team member Your answer is incorrect Explanation: According to the PMBOK Guide, "projects are initiated by an entity external to the  project such as a sponsor, program or project management office (PMO) staff person, or a portfolio governing body chairperson or authorized representative.

Question 73 - Qid 12602, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Resources Which of the following documents includes the basis of estimate for each resource and assumptions that were made in determining which type of resources are applied? Resource Breakdown Structure Responsibility Assignment Matrix Resource Calendars Activity Resource Requirements Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Activity Resource Requirements identify the types and quantities of resources required for each activity in a work package. These requirements may include the basis of estimate for each resource, as well as the assumptions that were made in determining which types of resources are applied, their availability, and what quantities are used.

Question 74 - Qid 12889, Quality Management, Planning, Plan Quality Management Modern quality management approaches seek to deliver results that meet defined requirements and continuous improvement is a major component of these approaches. One continuous improvement model was created by Walter A. Shewhart and later modified by W. Edwards Deming. Which of the following models are we referring to? Plan-Do-Check-Act Plan-Perform-Verify-Act Plan-Execute-Monitor-Run Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle (PDCA) is a four-part model used for implementing change in a quality management environment. This is a modern quality management approach that helps deliver results that meet defined requirements using continuous improvement methods. The PDCA Cycle was created by Walter A. Shewhart and later modified by W. Edwards Deming.

Question 75 - Qid 12638, Human Resource Management, Planning, Plan Human Resource Management You are a project manager working with a new team on a software development pilot  project using Scrum best practices. Although you have attended several Scrum training classes, your are not sure how much experience or training your project team members have in Scrum best practices. Where would you document the specific training needs of your project team members for this pilot project? Team Management Plan Project Management Plan Human Resource Management Plan Staffing Management Plan Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Staffing Management Plan is a component of the Human Resource Management Plan and is updated continually during the project to direct ongoing team member acquisition and development actions. Information in the Staffing Management Plan varies by application but often includes the training needs of the project team. If it is expected that the team members to be assigned to the project will not have the requested competencies, a Training Plan can be developed as part of the project. The Training Plan can also include ways to help project team members obtain certifications that would support their ability to benefit the project.

Question 76 - Qid 10075, Quality Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Quality You are the project manager of a project in which you need to install a very sensitive machine. For some reason, this machine is not working properly and your senior engineer believes that there may be various factors (technical, environmental, construction-related, etc.) involved in the recurring breakdown. You would like to graphically display these various and possibly unrelated factors to understand the causes of the problem. What type of diagram illustrates this best?

Control Chart Influence Diagram Ishikawa Diagram Scatter Diagram Your answer is incorrect Explanation: An Ishikawa Diagram allows you to graphically display these various and possibly unrelated factors. It is also known as a Cause & Effect Diagram or Fishbone Diagram.

Question 77 - Qid 10057, Integration Management, Initiating, Identify Stakeholders You are an experienced project manager who has successfully completed several road construction projects for your company. Your company's CEO is very happy with your  performance and has rewarded you with a salary increase. She has also designated you as the project manager for the new building construction project your company will soon be undertaking. You are very happy with the recognition and appreciation but you are a bit concerned since you don't have building construction management experience. What is your best course of action in this scenario? You should let your CEO know about the gaps in your experience for this assignment and let her decide whether you are the right person for it. You should accept the assignment and start reviewing your company's lessons learned knowledge base for all of their past building construction projects. You should not accept this assignment because you do not possess the required experience to perform the assignment. You should resign from the company. Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This is a difficult question because although the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct states that you must not accept any assignment that is not consistent with your  background, experience, skills, and qualifications, there is a caveat to this. Where developmental or stretch assignments are being considered, we ensure that key stakeholders receive timely and complete information regarding the gaps in our qualifications so that they may make informed decisions regarding our suitability for a  particular assignment.

Question 78 - Qid 12191, Time Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Schedule

Which of the following processes would you use in a project to reprioritize the remaining work based on resource availability? Control Schedule Develop Schedule Estimate Activity Resources Estimate Activity Durations Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Control Schedule Process is used to reprioritize the remaining work in a project. This is done to properly allocate remaining resources based on their availability.

Question 79 - Qid 10007, Stakeholder Management, Initiating, Identify Stakeholders You are managing an electric works project. Your project is required to design and deploy the electrical network for an airport construction project that is underway. Your  project is part of the airport construction program your company is undertaking. A number of other sub-projects, such as building and runway construction, and communication network deployment are part of the overall program. You are in the process analyzing the stockholders and you would like to use a model that will describe the stakeholder according to their power, need for urgent responses, and whether their involvement is appropriate given their role in the company and  project? Which model would be the best choice for classifying your stakeholders? Power/Interest Grid Power/Influence Grid Influence/Impact Grid Salience Model Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Salience Model analyzes stakeholders based on their power (ability to impose their will), urgency (need for immediate attention), and legitimacy (their involvement is appropriate). The other models group and classify stakeholder according to characteristics that are not as well matched as the Salience model. For instance the Power/Interest model groups stakeholders accord to their power and their interest or concern with the project outcomes. Please refer to the reference for a full description of the other classification models.

Question 80 - Qid 10050, Procurement Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Procurements During which project management process will you manage procurement relationships and monitor contract performance? Conduct Procurements Control Procurements Close Procurements Plan Procurement Management Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Control Procurements is the process of managing procurement relationships, monitoring contract performance, and making changes and corrections as needed. This process is contained in the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group.

Question 81 - Qid 10072, Scope Management, Planning, Collect Requirements Which of the following processes does not have organizational process assets as an input? Perform Integrated Change Control Close Project or Phase Collect Requirements Define Activities Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Perform Integrated Change Control, Close Project or Phase and Define Activities all have organizational process assets as an input but Collect Requirements does not. Collect Requirements has the following five inputs:     

Project charter Stakeholder register Scope management plan Requirements management plan Stakeholder management plan

Question 82 - Qid 12052, Scope Management, Planning, Collect Requirements In your project, you want to ensure that each requirement adds business value by linking it to the business and project objectives. This also provides a means to track requirements throughout the project life cycle, helping to ensure that requirements approved in the requirements documentation are delivered at the end of the project. The document that helps to achieve this is called: Requirements Documentation Brainstorming Requirements Management Plan Requirements Traceability Matrix Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Requirements Traceability Matrix is a table that links requirements to their origin and traces them throughout the project life cycle. The implementation of a Requirements Traceability Matrix helps ensure that each requirement adds business value by linking it to the business and project objectives. It provides a means to track requirements throughout the project life cycle, helping to ensure that requirements approved in the requirements documentation are delivered at the end of the project.

Question 83 - Qid 12997, Human Resource Management, Planning, Plan Human Resource Management The theory that states that information regarding the way in which people, teams, and organizational units behave is known as?  Networking Theory Human Resource Theory Organizational Theory Behavior Theory Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This theory is called the Organizational Theory. Effective use of this theory can shorten the amount of time, cost, and effort needed to create the human resource planning outputs.

Question 84 - Qid 10031, Human Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You have just been appointed as a project manager for a long-term project, which is in its execution phase. You discover that the project team is not motivated and is not  performing to the standards required. After further investigation, you learn that your company has been hiring team members on a short-term, contractual basis. As a result, the project team members are not developing a long-term commitment towards the  project. You have decided to motivate the team members by offering them long-term  positions. Your strategy works and your team members become motivated. Your motivational strategy is an example of which of the following theories? Theory X Theory Y Theory Z Theory A Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Theory Z was developed by Dr. William Ouchi and concerns increasing employee loyalty to their organizations. It was developed in Japan in the 1980's when jobs were often offered for life. This theory has the following benefits; 1) It results in increased  productivity 2) It emphasizes the well-being of the employees both at work and outside of work 3) It encourages steady employment and 4) It leads to high employee satisfaction and morale. Theory X and Theory Y describe two very different management attitudes toward workforce motivation in terms of workforce supervision, which has nothing to do with offering long-term positions. There is no Theory A associated with project management. Although the PMBOK Guide comprises the majority of the content you will encounter on the PMP Exam, there are other sources that are used as content material. These include such things as PMI's Practice Standards, commonly accepted statistical analysis techniques such as ROI, IRR and NPV, common organizational behavior theories such as Tuckman's Ladder, Theory X and Theory Y, and commonly frowned upon project management practices, such as gold plating. This is dictated by PMI itself, and is not a flaw in the OSP International PM Exam Simulator content. This is why we at OSP International suggest that you augment your PMBOK Guide studies with PMP Exam Prep Books, and podcasts such as the PM PrepCast.

Question 85 - Qid 10030, Human Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You are managing a project to build a new public park in your community. Your civil supervisor is responsible for inspecting daily operations and communicating his observations to your documentation officer, who then produces a daily work status report and distributes it to the project stakeholders. Today your documentation officer is on leave, and you ask your civil supervisor to prepare the status report. Your civil supervisor does not like your documentation officer and does not want to perform any of the documentation officer's tasks for him. However, you ask him do this as a favor to you and in return he can submit one of his own reports that is due today by the end of the week. Which conflict resolution strategy you have used in this scenario? Withdrawing Compromising Forcing Confronting Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Compromising means searching for solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties in order to temporarily or partially resolve the conflict. Since you know that your civil supervisor does not want to perform the documentation officer's task, you are asking him to postpone the delivery of some of his own work until the end of the week so that this task can be performed. In this case you are both giving up something but also both receiving some degree of satisfaction.

Question 86 - Qid 12087, Human Resource Management, Executing, Develop Project Team Colocation is a strategy that involves placing many or all of the most active project team members in the same physical location to enhance their ability to perform as a team. Colocation is also referred to as which of the following? Strong Matrix Weak Matrix Balanced Matrix Tight Matrix Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

Colocation is an organizational placement strategy where the project team members are  physically located close to one another in order to improve communication, working relationships, and productivity. Colocation as also referred to as Tight Matrix. Strong Matrix, Weak Matrix and Balanced Matrix are all organizational types.

Question 87 - Qid 20001, Cost Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Costs  Nancy is currently managing a manufacturing process improvement project. The following table displays the five major phases in her project with their planned start and finish dates. The respective phase budgets and the actual incurred costs are also displayed. If 50% of the project has been completed on April 1st, what would be the project's total earned value?

$10,000 $20,000 $9,000 $9,200 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: There are two commonly accepted approaches to calculate a projects earned value at a  point in time. One approach is to determine an earned value for each activity or phase listed and then sum them to determine the project's overall earned value. In order to use this approach earned value for an activity can be determined by multiplying the planned value by the  percent complete for that activity. So for instance if the planned value of an activity or  phase is $5000 and the percent complete is 75% in the earned value for that activity or  phase is $3750. You would use this calculation for each activity where work was completed and then add the individual earned values together to determine the project's earned value at that point in time.

In this example you are not provided the percent complete for individual activities or  phases instead you are given an overall percent complete for all project work. In this case you must use the second approach which involves the formula EV = BAC x % complete. The scenario indicates that the project work is 50% complete, so we must apply the formula EV = (BAC x % complete). The project's BAC is $20,000, which can be calculated by adding up all the planned values of each project phase. Therefore, EV = ($20,000 x .50) = $10,000.

Question 88 - Qid 10006, Stakeholder Management, Initiating, Identify Stakeholders You are managing a project to plan and execute an annual holiday party for your company. Your project sponsor has a great deal of authority regarding project decisions  but you recently discovered that he doesn't have much interest in your project. To complete the project successfully, you need your project sponsor's continuous support. What should be your stakeholder management strategy with regard to your project sponsor? Keep the sponsor satisfied Manage the sponsor closely Monitor the sponsor's actions Keep the sponsor informed Your answer is incorrect Explanation: A power/interest grid is a classification model used for stakeholder analysis and management that groups the stakeholders based on their level of authority (power) and their level of concern (interest) regarding project outcomes, as follows:    

Low power/low interest: monitor only Low power/high Interest: keep informed High power/low interest: keep satisfied High power/high Interest: manage closely

Based on this scenario we have a high power/low interest sponsor, so the correct answer is to keep him satisfied.

Question 89 - Qid 10026, Human Resource Management, Executing, Acquire Project Team You have been assigned as the project manager for an upcoming telecommunications  project in a developing country. Due to cost issues, you cannot take the entire project

team from your local country to the country where the project will be executed. You take a few of the project team members with you and plan to hire the rest of the team from the local job market. You are also considering building a virtual team to get technical support from the country of your origin. Which of the following challenges are you likely to face as a result of having a virtual team? Virtual team members lack motivation The use of a virtual team may create noise Virtual team members cannot communicate frequently Technical assistance cannot be provided by the virtual team members Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Virtual teams can be defined as groups of people with a shared goal who fulfill their roles with little or no time spent meeting face-to-face. The availability of electronic communication such as e-mail, audio conferencing, web-based meetings, and video conferencing has made such teams feasible. However, there are also some disavantages associated with virtual teams in terms of team member communciation. Noise includes any interference or barriers that might compromise the delivery of the messaage in a communications model, and this is one of the biggest challenges faced by members of virtual teams.

Question 90 - Qid 10058, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter You previously managed a project to install a security system at a local resort and you signed an agreement with that customer. According to the agreement, you cannot manage a similar project for any competitor for three years without the formal written approval of your past customer. Two years have passed and you have received an offer from one of your customer's competitors to manage a similar project for them. When you tried to obtain the approval from your previous customer regarding this, you discovered that your previous customer had closed his business and that his whereabouts were unknown. What should you do now? Accept the offer because your previous customer has closed his business and cannot  be reached Consult with your legal department to determine the best course of action Disclose this information to your new potential customer and seek their approval Refuse the offer because you are still bound not to undertake such projects for one more year Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

This is a tricky question. On the one hand you have a contract according to which you cannot manage a similar project for any competitor for three years without the formal written approval of your past customer. Based on this assumption, you have to refuse the offer because you are still bound to this contract (choice D). On the other hand, your  past customer does not exist anymore, so the contract is presumably no longer valid. Based on this assumption, you can accept the offer because your previous customer has closed his business and cannot be reached to provide you with their formal written approval (choice A). If you choose A, you might be in the clear because it appears as though the company that has bound you by a clause in the contract not to undertake a similar project for three years, is no longer a viable business entity. And if you choose D, you could be passing up a business opportunity unnecessarily. Without consulting with your legal department about what appears to be a defunct competitor, how you could decide right off the bat between these two: A or D? This is a contract situation. Most project managers don't have enough knowledge about contract law to make a proper decision. This question is about Expert Judgment, one of the tools and techniques widely used on projects in many processes. You should go to your Subject Matter Experts (SME), in this case your legal department, in order to determine your best course of action. Therefore the BEST option among the choices given is: B) Consult with your legal department to determine the best course of action. Choice C is incorrect because it's not up to your new customer whether to release you from your previous contract and accept their offer (which is what they obviously will want you to do) or to let you be bound to that contract for one more year.

Question 91 - Qid 10060, Human Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You have been assigned as the project manager of a water dam construction project in a developing country. You and your team have to travel to this developing country and conduct this project during the summer months. You learn that the local customs of the host country don't allow you to wear shorts in public. However, there is no such rule enforced by the local government that prevents you from wearing shorts. Summer is at its peak, and the temperature is topping 110 degrees Fahrenheit. What should you do? You should wear shorts because there are no laws that prevent you from doing so You should seek your project sponsor's approval to wear shorts You should seek your customer's approval to wear shorts because they are local citizens You should not wear shorts because local customs dictate that you cannot wear shorts Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

One of the aspirational standards of the value of Respect in the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct is that we inform ourselves about the norms and customs of others and avoid engaging in behaviors they might consider disrespectful. In this scenario, your best course of action would be not to wear shorts because local customs dictate that you cannot wear shorts.

Question 92 - Qid 25172, Communications Management, Executing, Manage Communications You are managing a 6-month long project to develop a web site for a customer. At a  project status meeting earlier this week, you reported the project's performance status as under budget and ahead of schedule based on calculations obtained from a project status information file prepared by your project coordinator. After the meeting ended, your  project coordinator informed you that the project status information file he had given you contained outdated information. He then provided you an updated version of the file with current project status information. Using this information, you determined that you were still under budget but were actually behind schedule. What should you do in this scenario? Place the project coordinator on warning because of his mistake Wait until the next status meeting to let senior management know that a mistake was made Thank the project coordinator for the updated information and ask him to double check his work next time Let senior management know you made a mistake and provide them the current status Your answer is incorrect Explanation: One of the aspirational standards of the value of Responsibility in the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct is that when we make errors or omissions, we take ownership and make corrections promptly. When we discover errors or omissions caused by others, we communicate them to the appropriate body as soon as they are discovered. We also accept accountability for any issues resulting from our errors or omissions and any resulting consequences. In this scenario, your best course of action would be to immediately let senior management know you made a mistake and provide them the current status.

Question 93 - Qid 10033, Communications Management, Executing, Manage Communications You are managing a mega construction project. You conduct bi-weekly team meetings and distribute weekly targets. However, you are frequently finding that your team does not understand you properly and is not performing according to the guidelines, which

have been communicated. Which of the following is most likely missing in your team meetings? Verbal communication  Non-verbal communication Paralingual communication Team's feedback Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Team meetings are all about "verbal communication", which makes this choice incorrect. "Non-verbal communication" refers to your gestures, facial expressions, and physical appearance while you are communicating your message. "Paralingual communication" is the tone and pitch of your voice when you are talking to people. Both non-verbal communication and paralingual communication are automatically expressed by anyone using verbal communications. Therefore, we can safely assume that your team meetings contain these as well. Therefore, both of these choices are incorrect. The only answer left is "Team's feedback" because the scenario does not explicitly say if you are asking for it or if the team members are providing it. The scenario also explains that even though you have a lot of meetings and a lot of communication, there seems to be a disconnect. Getting the team's feedback during the meeting is the method that ensures that the audience is understanding what is being communicated.

Question 94 - Qid 10040, Integration Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Perform Integrated Change Control The change control board reviews all of the change requests for every project in your company. This board follows all the recommended activities outlined in the PMBOK® Guide. Based on this scenario, which of the following would not be performed by the change control board? Documenting change request decisions and recommendations Reviewing change requests Creating change requests Accepting or rejecting change requests Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

According to the PMBOK Guide, the change control board is a formally chartered group responsible fo reviewing, evaluating, approving, delaying, or rejecting changes to the project, and for recording and communicating such decisions. Changes may be requested by any stakeholder involved with the project and is not a formal function of the change control board.

Question 95 - Qid 10035, Communications Management, Executing, Manage Communications You are managing a telecommunications project where 10 telecom engineers work together and report to you. Due to a change in scope requested by your customer, you need to add more team members to address the additional work. After analyzing the additional work required you decide to hire two more engineers. How many communication channels will be added by hiring these two engineers? 21 23 66 78 Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The current team consists of 10 engineers and you as the project manager for a total of 11. The number of communication channels is determined using the formula # of communication channels = n*(n-1)/2, n represents the number of number of members of the project team. Prior to adding the two new engineers the number of communication channels in the team was 11. Using the formula # of communication channels = n*(n-1)/2, you have 11*(11-1)/2 = 55. After the recruitment of two engineers the new team size is 13 and the number of communications channels is now 13*(13-1)/2 = 78. The addition of the two engineers leads to 78-55 = 23 new communication channels.

Question 96 - Qid 10080, Human Resource Management, Executing, Manage Project Team You are at a critical stage on your project. Unfortunately your senior technician and the solution manager from your vendor are not getting along. What is the best thing to do? Ignore the situation because it is just a personal conflict Ask the vendor to replace the solution manager Talk to each of them and tell them that it is clearly the other one's fault

Bring the two together to resolve the conflict Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The best conflict resolution technique is usually collaborating, which is also known as  problem solving. This approach requires a cooperative attitude and open dialogue that typically leads to consensus and commitment. We can speculate saying that what if they do not cooperate? This could happen. But for the purpose of answering this question with the PMI mindset approach we should first look at the best available conflict resolution tools and techniques, namely collaboration/problem solving.

Question 97 - Qid 10032, Communications Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Control Communications You have just been hired as the project manager for a telecommunications company. You are tasked with improving the company's services and operations and a team of 20 engineers report to you. During your first week at this company, you determine that the engineers spend at least 80% of their time responding to unexpected requests for information from different project stakeholders. Because of this, your engineers cannot focus on improving the telecommunications operations, which is resulting in frequent network outages. As the project manager, what should you do first to resolve this  problem? Tell the engineers to stop responding to unexpected requests since they are not covered in the communications management plan Push the engineers to respond to all the requests faster so that they are able to  perform their assigned project activities Perform all project communications yourself and let the engineers focus on the operations Review the communications management plan Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Control Communications is the process of monitoring and controlling communications throughout the entire project life cycle to ensure the information needs of the project stakeholders are met. In this scenario, the stakeholders are reaching out directly to your  project engineers, which is not the most effective use of their time. In order to determine why this is happening, you need to review the communications management plan, update the plan as necessary to relieve the project enginners of these time-consuming activities, and assign the correct individuals to respond to these stakeholder information requests.

Question 98 - Qid 10055, Procurement Management, Closing, Close Procurements You are the project manager of a shopping complex construction project. One of your contractors is not performing to the agreed upon standards. You want to terminate the contract and engage another contractor for the same job. You need to determine the specific legal procedure for the early termination of the contract. Which project document should contain this information? The project management plan The risk register The contract The scope statement Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Early termination of a contract is a special case of procurement closure that can result from a mutual agreement by both parties, from the default of one party, or for convenience of the buyer if provided for in the contract. The rights and responsibilities of the parties in the event of an early termination are contained in the terminations clause of the contract.

Question 99 - Qid 10056, Integration Management, Executing, Direct and Manage Project Work You are managing a project to construct a new sewage treatment plant. Part of the work for this project is ensuring that an effective waste water disposal plan is also created and executed. Since you don't have the internal expertise to develop and execute the activities required to dispose of the waste water, you hold a bidder conference to outsource this work. One of the stipulations for consideration of a potential vendor for this work is that they have no EPA violations, and you communicate this to all the  potential vendors. You are about to award the contract to a vendor but determine through your own research that this vendor was cited five years ago by the EPA for illegal dumping of waste water. However, this vendor did not communicate this information to you during the procurement process. What is your best course of action in this scenario? Don't award the contract because the vendor did not follow the stipulations given during the bidding process. Award the contract because the illegal dumping of waste water happened five years ago. Don't award the contract because of the possible effect of illegal dumping of waste water by them in the future.

Ask your project sponsor to decide whether or not to award the contract to this  potential vendor. Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Hopefully you were able to see that the contract should not be awarded in this question, and that you as the project manager are responsible for making this decision, not the  project sponsor. However, the best reason for not awarding the contract to this vendor may have been a bit more difficult to determine. One of the aspirational standards of the value of Responsibility in the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct is that we make decisions and take actions based on the best interests of society, public safety, and the environment. In this scenario, the vendor did not follow the stipulations given during the bidding process by withholding information of the illegal waste water dumping and therefore should be allowed to bid on the project.

Question 100 - Qid 12152, Risk Management, Planning, Quantitative Risk Analysis Sensitivity analysis is a quantitative risk analysis and modeling technique. Which of the following is often used to compare the relative importance and impact of variables that have a high degree of uncertainty to those that are more stable? Probability Distributions Risk Identification Tornado Diagram Statistical Sampling Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Sensitivity analysis helps to determine which risks have the most potential impact on a  project. One typical display of sensitivity analysis is the tornado diagram which is useful for comparing the relative importance and impact of variables that have a high degree of uncertainty to those that are more stable.

Question 101 - Qid 10016, Cost Management, Planning, Estimate Costs You have recently been assigned as a new project manager for a hotel construction  project. You and your company have completed numerous similar projects in the past and all the information regarding these projects is available in your organizational  process assets. Your project sponsor has just asked you to provide her a very quick cost estimate for the completion of this project. Which of the following techniques should you use?

Bottom-up estimating Parametric estimating Analogous estimating Three-point estimating Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The question is simply asking you to determine which of the given estimating techniques requires the least amount of time to develop an estimate. Analagous cost estimating is frequently used to estimate a value when there is a limited amount of detailed information about the proejct and uses historical information and expert  judgment. It is generally less costly and less time consuming than other estimating techniques but is also generally less accurate.

Question 102 - Qid 10009, Scope Management, Planning, Define Scope One of the project managers at your company has resigned and you have been assigned as the new project manager for his old project. You call a team meeting to get a rundown on the project activities completed to date. The project team tells you that the  project is in its planning stage. The team also tells you that after creating the project charter and the stakeholder register, they finished creating the requirements management plan, the requirements documentation, and the requirements traceability matrix. They are now working on the project Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). What has the project team forgotten to do? Create the project scope statement in the Define Scope process Create the project management plan before creating the requirements management  plan Create the project statement of work before creating the project charter Create the project templates before starting the planning processes Your answer is incorrect Explanation: In the question we describe a set of tasks that have been accomplished on the project. The project charter and the stakeholder register have been completed as part of the Initiating process group. The team has also finished creating the requirements management plan, requirements documentation, and the requirements traceability matrix, all of which happen as part of the Scope Management knowledge area. They are now working on creating the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), which is another  process in the same knowledge area of Scope Management.

In order to create the WBS the project scope must be well defined and documented in the project scope statement. The completed project scope statement sets the boundaries of what is in the project and well as what is out. The project scope statement serves as a guide when creating WBS and is completed before work begins on the WBS. The  project management plan is most often created in parallel with all the subsidiary plans. When the project scope statement, the WBS, and the WBS dictionary are completed they form the scope baseline for the project and are part of the project management  plan. The reason choice B is incorrect is that it states that the, project management plan should have been created before creating the requirements management plan. This is simply not a true statement as the project management plan is created in parallel with the scope management plan and documents, like the requirements documentation, created in the Project Scope Management processes. The project charter contains the project statement of work, so if the charter has been completed it is safe to assume it contains a project statement of work.

Question 103 - Qid 10054, Procurement Management, Closing, Close Procurements You are managing a telecommunications network deployment project and you are employed by a telecom equipment company that specializes in installing and implementing the equipment for this project. Since your company is not experienced in laying telecommuncations cable systems, you have outsourced all of the these activities to an outside contractor. You are now finalizing all of the open claims with this contractor. Which project management process are you currently performing? Close Procurements Close Project or Phase Control Procurements Validate Scope Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The Close Procurements process also involves administrative activities such as finalizing open claims, updating records to reflect final results, and archiving such information for future use. Close Procurements addresses each contract applicable to the  project or a project phase.

Question 104 - Qid 10004, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter

You have just been assigned as the project manager for a research project that your company has been awarded. As part of the execution of this project for your customer you will be performing statistical research in all of the major cities in your country. Your project sponsor, who is also the CEO of your company, has asked you to create the project charter and send it to him so he can review and approve it. The main input you need to develop the project charter is the project statement of work (SOW). However, you soon discover that you do not have access to the project SOW. What should you do to obtain the project SOW? You should create the project SOW yourself since you are the project manager You should look for the project SOW in your organizational process assets You should ask your project sponsor to provide you the project SOW You should ask your customer to provide you the project SOW Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The project statement of work (SOW) is a narrative description of products, services, or results to be delivered by a project. For internal projects, the project initiator or sponsor  provides the statement of work based on business needs, product, or service requirements. For external projects, the statement of work is received from the customer as part of a bid document, (e.g., a request for proposal, request for information, or request for bid), or as part of a contract. In this scenario you should ask your customer to provide you the project SOW because this is an external project.

Question 105 - Qid 10087, Time Management, Planning, Estimate Activity Resources You are working with your team on estimating type and quantities of labor, material, and equipment to perform each activity for your project. You are also interested to see skill levels of your labor and grade levels of your supplies. Which of the following documents would you primarily refer to during this process? Resource Breakdown Structure Organizational Breakdown Structure Work Breakdown Structure Risk Breakdown Structure Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Based on the information available in the question, the project team is performing Estimate Activity Resources process. One of the outputs from this process is Resource Breakdown Structure. Resource Breakdown Structure is a hierarchical structure of the identified resources broken down by resource category and resource type. Examples of

resource categories include labor, material, equipment, and supplies. Resource type may include the skill level, grade level, or other information as appropriate to the project.

Question 106 - Qid 10088, Scope Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Validate Scope You are measuring the dimensions of a highly critical component on your project that was manufactured by one of your subcontractors. Failure of this component is a huge risk factor and would lead to major delays and possibly a failed project. In which Process Group does this activity take place? Project Risk Management Monitoring and Controlling Validate Scope Executing Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This is a tricky question. Indeed, activities such as measuring, examining, and validating are part of the Inspection which, in turn, is one of the Tools and Techniques used in Validate Scope process. However, the question is not asking in which process this activity takes place, but rather in which process GROUP it does. Validate scope process takes place during Monitoring and Controlling Process Group and therefore this is the correct answer. Please be alerted for such traps on the real PMP exam.

Question 107 - Qid 10073, Cost Management, Planning, Estimate Costs You are setting aside 15% of your work package cost estimates to counteract the risk of hardware cost increases and technological advances. What is this called? Reserve Analysis Residual Risk Contingency Reserve Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The amount that you are setting aside to account for cost uncertainty is called a "contingency reserve". The contingency reserve may be a percentage of the estimated cost, a fixed number, or may be developed by using quantitative analysis methods.

Please note that the question was intentionally a bit vague by asking "What is this called?" and not clearly specifying what "this" is referring to. "This" could refer to the action of setting the amount aside or "this" could refer to the amount that was set aside. In order to determine the correct answer you had to analyze the available answers, and compare the definitions of the four available options against the scenario. In this way, it  became clear that the action that you performed was not a "reserve analysis" and that the amount you put aside was also neither a "residual risk" nor the "budgeted cost of work scheduled". By eliminating these other choices, it becomes clear that "this" must relate to the amount of money you are putting away because "Contingency reserve" is the only definition that works in the circumstances described.

Question 108 - Qid 12208, Risk Management, Planning, Plan Risk Responses Your pharmaceutical drug manufacturing project is running late and you have deadlines to meet on your project. You want to replace some of the inefficient human resources with more talented human resources to finish the project on time. What risk response strategy is being followed in this context? Share Accept Transfer Mitigate Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This is an example of risk mitigation. By replacing the human resources you are reducing the probability of the risk.

Question 109 - Qid 10020, Communications Management, Planning, Plan Communications Management You are a seasoned project manager in your late seventies. You have received a fax from one of your contractor companies containing very critical project status information. The fax font size is 10pt which is considered a communication standard. However, this is small for you and you can hardly read it even with the aid of your eyeglasses. For you, this is an example of which of the following? Message Encoding

Feedback  Noise Your answer is incorrect Explanation:  Noise is anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of the message (e.g. distance, unfamiliar technology, lack of background information, etc.). Because you are unable to read the message due to its small font, this is an example of noise for you.

Question 110 - Qid 10042, Scope Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Validate Scope You are managing a project to construct a new wing for one the government buildings in your country's capitol. You have just finished a project deliverable and you are now  planning to have your customer and your sponsor inspect the deliverable for acceptance. Which PMBOK® Guide process facilitates this activity? Validate Scope Control Scope Perform Quality Assurance Perform Quality Control Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Validate Scope is the process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables. Validating scope includes reviewing deliverables with the customer or sponsor to ensure that they are completed satisfactorily, and obtaining formal acceptance of deliverables by the customer or sponsor.

Question 111 - Qid 12258, Cost Management, Planning, Estimate Costs You are the project manager for a large telecommunications project in a country where the costs of materials and labor could likely be affected by recent and future changes in governement regulations. In addition, this is your company's first project in this region. This enviroment makes predicting the project costs difficult but you are required to  provide an estimate for each work package so that the budget can be developed and approved. What technique would best help you in this situation? Market conditions Reserve Analysis

Parametric Estimating Analogous Estimating Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Considering the identified risk of recent and future government regulatory changes likely having an effect on project costs, the choice of technique used to assist in the estimation of project costs must account for these risks and the changing conditions. Reserve analysis and the use of contingency reserves within the budget to accommodate the indentified risk of cost uncertainty provides the best and most flexible means to create estimates for the project activities work packages. Market conditions are an enterprise environmental factor and not a technique of cost estimation. Both analogous and parametric estimation rely on historical data from similar projects and this is your first companies project in this region. In addition, the environment of high cost uncertainty make both analogous and parametric estimation techniques a poor choice for the situation as historical values would likely be less accurate in this environment.

Question 112 - Qid 10023, Integration Management, Executing, Direct and Manage Project Work You are a project manager working for a fast moving consumer goods company. You are currently managing a process improvement project for your organization. You have  just obtained approval for a change request for a defect repair you have issued. What should be your next step? Perform the defect repair in the Direct and Manage Project Work process Perform the defect repair in the Monitor and Control Project Work process Document the approval in the change log Document the approval in the issue log Your answer is incorrect Explanation: You must document the approval before carrying out the defect repairs. A change log is used to document changes that occur during a project.

Question 113 - Qid 10015, Time Management, Planning, Develop Schedule You are managing a software development project. In the middle of the project, you realize that you are behind schedule. You analyze your project schedule in order to determine how best to complete the project on time with the existing resources. You notice that you have a lot of discretionary dependencies in the project schedule. Given

your situation, which of the following is the best approch to adjust the project schedule so that the project can be completed on time? Keep the discretionary dependencies intact and Crash the schedule Keep the discretionary dependencies intact and use Fast Tracking Remove the discretionary dependencies and Crash the schedule Remove the discretionary dependencies and use Fast Tracking Your answer is incorrect Explanation: You need to determine a way to get back on schedule with your existing resources. As a result you can't apply the Crashing technique as this requires additional resources. Given that you have discretionary dependencies your best approach is to remove these dependencies and Fast Track the schedule by having activities run in parallel.

Question 114 - Qid 10037, Procurement Management, Executing, Conduct Procurements You are managing a complex project and some of the project work needs to be outsourced. You have prepared a procurement statement of work document and you are about to advertise the job to obtain vendor proposals. However, you need to have a  benchmark document against which you can later compare the vendor proposals. Your  primary focus for this activity is to have control over the quoted prices. You will also need this document later to compare whether or not your vendors properly understood the scope of the work required. Which technique should you use to develop this  benchmark document? Bidder Conferences Independent Estimates Internet Search Procurement Negotiations Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Independent estimates provide an organization with the ability to obtain an initial estimate of the cost of the work in question. This can serve as a benchmark for  proposals submitted by vendors for the same work. Independent estimates can either be created using the organization's internal staff or can be solicited from an expert outside of the organization.

Question 115 - Qid 10005, Stakeholder Management, Initiating, Identify Stakeholders

You are managing a project that is investigating the feasibility of constructing a dam in your country. The project needs to be analyzed from technical, economical, and social  points of view. You have created the project charter on behalf of the project sponsor, and it is now approved. Which of the following processes should you perform next? Develop Project Management Plan Identify Risks Identify Stakeholders Create WBS Your answer is incorrect Explanation: Identify Stakeholders is the process of identifying all people or organizations impacted  by the project and documenting relevant information regarding their interests, involvement, and impact on project success. This is the only other process in the Initiating process group. It should be performed immediately after the proejct charter has been developed and approved, and completed before any of the Planning process group processes are performed.

Question 116 - Qid 10011, Time Management, Planning, Define Activities You are currently managing the development of a security system. This project involves the use of some brand new, state-of-the-art technology, which has not yet been adequately tested. You are currently decomposing your project work packages into activities. You are facing problems decomposing the 'Test the System' work package into the final activities required to complete the work package. Detailed testing plans and activities cannot be determined until the system is at least 50% developed and more details become available. The 'System Development' work package will take at least a couple of months to complete. What is the best way to resolve this problem? Use Product Analysis techniques such as product breakdown and systems analysis to decompose the system testing work package Decompose the system development work package now and decompose the system testing work package later Break down the project into multiple phases so that the system testing work  package goes into the second project phase. This will allow you to plan for the second  phase after the end of the first phase Consult your Project Management Plan to determine what to do in this situation Your answer is incorrect Explanation:

Product Analysis is one of the tools and techniques used in the Define Scope process, which is clearly incorrect choice because the situation described in the question suggests the project is in the Define Activities process. Breaking up the project scope into multiple phases just for the sake of obtaining an escape route for project planning is never a good idea. Projects are divided into multiple  phases to obtain more control over the project and the deliverables, not to solve one minor issue of decomposing your WBS. Also, as you are currently planning your project, your project management plan is unfinished; it can't help you at this point in time. The only valid approach is that you should use Rolling Wave Planning and decompose the system development work package now and then decompose the system testing work package later, when more project information becomes available.

Question 117 - Qid 10081, Integration Management, Initiating, Organizational Structure You work at a strong matrix organization. Which of the following is not part of your responsibilities as a project manager? Leading the weekly team meetings Participating in scope definition Responding to questions from your sponsor Leading the annual performance review of your project team members Your answer is incorrect Explanation: The responsibility to lead the annual performance review of your team members lies with the functional manager of the team. You will be asked to give input, but you are not leading this process as a project manager.

Question 118 - Qid 10001, Integration Management, Initiating, Develop Project Charter You have just been assigned as the project manager for an ongoing project in your company. You have discovered there is no Project Charter that describes the responsibilities and authorities of the project manager. When you talked to your project sponsor about this issue he told you that nobody in the company even knows what a Project Charter is or what purpose it serves. He also told you that your company has executed numerous projects in the past without ever using a Project Charter. However, he asked you to prepare one just in case it is really a necessary project document. Where

should you look for a Project Charter template to update in order to meet your project requirements? Project Business Case Enterprise Environmental Factors Project Statement of Work Organizational Process Assets Your answer is incorrect Explanation: This is a tricky question. Usually templates for project documents are found in the Organizational Process Assets. However, since your company has never developed a Project Charter, you cannot find this template there. You can find templates for a Project Charter on websites and in commercial databases, which are included in Enterprise Environmental Factors.

Question 119 - Qid 10070, Risk Management, Monitoring & Controlling, Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis Your team finished creating the initial version of the risk register during your latest workshop. What is the next thing that you should do? Assess the probability of occurrence and the impact for each risk Identify the risk effects and assign a numerical rating to each Review cost planning to ensure that enough risk reserve is available Identify, analyze and plan for newly-arisen risks Your answer is incorrect Explanation: To answer this question correctly, you first need to understand what process the project team is currently performing. Where the risk register is created? The risk register is an output of the Identify Risks process, which is one of the planning processes in the Project Risk Management knowledge area. According to the PMBOK Guide, project risk management processes occur in the following order: 1. Plan Risk Management 2. Identify Risks 3. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis 4. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis 5. Plan Risk Responses 6. Control Risks