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JANUARY 24, 2014
HEAT FLUX SIMULATION ON SOLAR BATCH COLLECTOR (SOLAR GEYZER) USING ABAQUS
MUHAMMAD WAQAS DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (EME), NUST
FINAL YEAR PROJECT: Design and Development of Solar Batch Collector (Water geyzar) was selected as a final year project which demand the mathematical modeling of equations for the determination of outlet temperature of water. This temperature will be determined by keeping the capacity of tank constant and by altering solar radiations at different instants of year. As the tank surface is cylindrical so different solar radiations will be incident on it from different directions which needs to be taken into account while calculating the total heat absorbed, later used for determination of temperature. Furthermore addition of curved reflectors at the bottom surface of spherical tank as it will also incident different solar radiations on cylindrical tank at different angles after reflection. A complete nodal analysis of conductive, convective and radiative heat transfer at any instant of year will be performed and will be mathematically modeled on MATLAB. This mathematical model will then be verified by the fabrication of model and by comparing the experimental and theoretical temperature.
CAE Project Synopsis: This sub-project of final year project revolves around the simulation of heat transfer through radiation in our model of solar batch collector. Apart from it multiple results are to be diagnosed such as temperature at different instant using convective heat transfer around the boundaries of solar batch collector. This simulation of heat transfer will be performed in software ABACUS.
Introduction: As the Final year project is in the very initial stages, currently in the literature review of solar thermal analysis. The design which currently has been suggested is an insulated box, holding a hollow cylindrical tank of high thermal conductivity. Moreover a glass plate will be installed at the top of insulted box which will incident solar radiations on the tank. Two pipes at the end of cylindrical tank are provided as the inlet and outlet of water. At later stages we intend to model batch collector with the reflectors at the bottom of solar tank.
Simulation on ABAQUS: 1. Parts Modeling: For the modeling of batch collector its parts were modeled first. These parts are: a. Insulated Box b. Cylindrical Tank c. Inlet & Outlet Pipes
d. Upper transparent plate e. Cylindrical Tank covers These parts were modeled separately with the simple extrusion command.
2. Material Assignment: These parts were then assigned Material. Firstly these materials were added in ABAQUS as per the requirement of thermal analysis. Thermal conductivities of each material were added. Parts assigned different materials are: Insulated Box
Insulation
Cylindrical Tank
Steel
Upper Transparent Plate
Glass
Inlet/Outlet Pipes
Steel
3. Assembly: After assigning material to each instance, these instances were then imported in Assembly and each of them was translated or rotated as per the requirement of the model.
Here is the parts assembly:
4. Loads: Boundary Conditions at outer and inner surfaces of models were applied. Various initial temperatures at each surface served as boundary condition. Body heat at the upper plate was applied too. Insulated Box
Initial Temp
Cylindrical Tank
Initial Temp
Upper Plate
Body flux, Initial Temp
Inlet/Outlet Pipes
Initial Temp
5. Mesh: After the application of boundary conditions and flux, assembly was meshed as per the requirement of thermal analysis. Inlet pipe was meshed with triangular seed because of the small inner radius.
6. Analysis: Steady state analysis was then run to find out the temperature variation at different nodal values on the application of heat flux.
7. Results: It was deduced that with every instant on the application of heat flux at the upper surface of model, the temperature of all the surfaces of model changes simultaneously. This allows us to find out the temperature at any instant at any surface of model.
Future Work: Future work of this project includes the mathematical coding of thermal co-efficient ‘U’ at any instant of the year for the determination of total heat absorbed by the cylindrical surface. Addition of solar radiations with the addition of reflectors will also be accountable in thermal nodal analysis. With this modeling a development of solar batch collector will be the next step for experimental verification.
