Hardware for PLCs 210 - PLCs Training
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Hardware for PLCs 210 PLCs Training Class Information ToolingU.com classes are offered at the beginner, intermediate, intermediate, and advanced levels. T he typical class consists of 12 to 25 lessons and will take approxim approximately ately one hour to complete. Below are all the competencies and job programs that contain the class Hardware for PLCs 210. 210. Job programs are our traditional class lists organized according to common common job functions. Competencies Competencies are our latest job-specific curricula that that help tie online learning to practical, hands-on tasks.
Class Name :
Hardware fo for PLCs 210
Description:
This class covers the characteristics and functions of different types of PLC hardware, and provides basic troubleshooting procedures and maintenance tips. Includes Click on any title to view its details. an Interactive Lab.
Prerequisites:
450200
Difficulty:
Intermediate
Number of Lessons:
15
Language:
English
Competencies Control/Automation Technician
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Class Outline Objectives PLC Hardware Fixed PLC Configuration Modular PLC Configuration Power Supply Central Processing Unit CPU Memory Input/Outputt Modules Input/Outpu Programming Device Indicator Lamps Optional PLC Hardware PLC Networks PLC Hardware Installation and Maintenance Troubleshooting Errors Summary
Class Objectives Define PLC hardware. Describe fixed PLC configuration. Describe modular PLC configuration. Describe PLC power supply. Describe the PLC central processing unit. Differentiate between types of CPU memory. memory. Describe PLC input/output modules. Describe PLC programm programming ing devices. Describe PLC indicator lamps. Describe optional PLC hardware. Describe PLC communication cation networks. Describe PLC hardware installation and maintenance. Describe how to troubleshoot PLC error messages.
Class Vocabulary
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Address
The unique location assigned The assigned t o each I/O mod ule so that it may be correctly referenced referenced and signaled by t he PL PLC program.
Backup Battery
A battery inside the CPU that pro tects the system system f rom data loss in the case case of po wer failure. failure. The The operating life of lithium backup batteries is 3 to 5 years. years.
Battery Low
An indicator lamp on a PLC PLC that indicates the battery is low on po wer and needs needs to be recharged recharged or replac replaced. ed.
Bit
A single numerical numerical unit in the binary numb er system. system. Bit is short fo r "binary dig it."
Block I/O
A smaller type of PLC that is a self-contained bo x. A block I/ O PLC has has fewer input and outp ut m odules.
Centr al Processing Processing Unit
The the main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a PLC. Also known as the CPU, processor, or controller.
Configuration
The specific combination of components used to create a PLC system. The two main types of PLC configuration are block I/O and rack I/O.
Controller
The main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a PLC. Also known as the CPU, or processor.
CPU
Central Processing Unit. The main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a PLC. Also known as the processor or controller.
Diagnostic Diagnos tic Routine
A set of comput er instructions for inves investigating tigating or analyzing ng t he cause cause or nature of errors or f ailure ailures s in the PLC. PLC. The two main types of PLC errors are fatal and non-fatal.
Digital
Consisting of information that is input or output electronically as a series of pulses or signals either "on" or "off," often resulting res ulting i n binary strings of 0s and 1s.
7/10/2012 12:08 AM
Hardware for PLCs 210 - PLCs Training
http://www.toolingu.com/class-450210-hardware-for-plcs.html
Class Vocabulary
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DIN Rail
A metal track or rail to which PLCs and ot her mot or cont rol d evices can be easily att ached o r removed.
Disable
An operational switch on a PLC that makes outputs inop erable or f orces them o ff .
Discrete
A signal that has two states, ON and OFF.
Electrical Noise
An AC power line disturbance caused by sudden changes in the load. Electrical noise is problematic to solid state devices because they cannot differentiate between an intended electrical pulse and an unintended electrical spike.
Electrostatic Discharge
A discharge of static electricity that can po tentially cause injury or d amage components while soldering. Also kno wn as ESD.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. A secure area in which programs are protected from unauthorized changes. EPROM can be read, but it is difficult to change.
Erasable Programmabl e Read Only Memory
A secure area in which programs are protected from unauthorized changes. EPROM can be read, but it is difficult to change.
Fatal Error
An error that prevents the PLC system from functioning. Fatal errors are usually caused b y major prog ramming errors o r hardware pro blems.
Fault
An indicator lamp on a PLC that lights up when there is an error in the PLC system. The PLC will typically de-energize all outputs when this LED is activated.
Fixed PLC
Fixed PLCs comb ine all of t he main compo nents into a single unit that contains the CPU, input/ outp ut sections, and power supply. The number of inputs and out puts cannot be expanded.
Force I/O
An indicator lamp o n a PLC that indicates when the input s and output s are being fo rced o n and off by t he PLC prog ram.
Hand-held Programmer
A PLC programming device that combines a display screen and keypad all in one unit. Specially assigned keys allow you to enter program instructions, changes, and navigate and troub leshoot the PLC system.
Hardware
Hardware is the physical equipment used in a computer system. PLC hardware includes the CPU, power supply, input/output section, and programming device.
Human-machine In terface
A communication device, typically a touchscreen or screen and keypad, between a computer system and a person. Also known as man-machine interface.
I/O Module
The jack where an input/output device is physically connected to a PLC. The input relays transfer signals to the internal relays. The output relays signals to external output devices.
IC Chip
A miniaturized electrical netwo rk used to transmit electric power. A microchip is an example o f an integrated circuit, or IC.
Indicator Lamp
A light-emitting diode on a PLC that provides information on the operating condition of various parts of the PLC. Indicator lamps are used to show the status of inputs, outp uts, and the operating condit ions of the CPU.
Input Module
The jack where an input device is physically connected to a PLC. The input modules transfer signals to the internal relays.
LAN
Local Area Network. A comm unications netwo rk t hat connects comput ers and t heir devices to gether over a relatively short dist ance, such as the same roo m o r the same building.
LED
Light Emitting Diode. A semiconductor device that emits a narrow-spectrum of light in a forward direction.
Light-emitting Diode
A semiconductor device that emit s a narrow-spectrum of light in a fo rward direction. Also known as an LED.
Linear Power
A typ e of AC power supply t hat uses a transformer t o convert the AC to a lower voltage. Linear power supply has a very smooth voltage.
Local Area Network
A comm unications netwo rk that connects comp uters and their devices together over a relatively short distance, such as the same room or t he same building . Also known as a LAN.
Magnetic Backup
An outdated computer backup system used to store data onto magnetic tape.
Master-slave Relationship
A comput er networking comm unication p roto col in which one device or p rocess controls one or m ore other devices. In a PLC network, the CPU acts as the master, initiating and cont rolling all communications to the remot e I/Os.
Memory
The place in a comp uter where information is held in storage fo r the CPU. Storage can be built into the CPU in the f orm of RAM, or it can be remot e from the CPU in the form of hard disks, tapes, or ot her storage media.
Memory Size
The amount of information that can be stored in a memory chip. 1 kilobyte of computer memory = 1,024 bits.
Micro PLC
An extremely comp act fixed PLC with blo ck I/ O.
Modular PLC
A PLC configuration in which each component is split into a separate unit. A modular PLC lets you have as many inputs and outputs as you want.
Module
The physical connection on a PLC where an input or output is plugged in.
Multiplexing
A type o f wiring t hat allows multiple signals to b e processed throug h a single channel. Multiplexing is used to save on wiring and I/O ports.
Noise
An AC power line disturbance caused by sudden changes in the load. Electrical noise is problematic to solid state devices because they cannot differentiate between an intended electrical pulse and an unintended electrical spike.
Non-fatal Error
An error that will no t int erfere with t he basic operation of the PLC.
Nonvolatile
Nonvolatile comp uter memory preserves any data it contains in the event of a power loss. ROM and EPROM are examples of no nvolatile memory.
Off
A control switch t hat prevents the PLC system from being run or p rogrammed.
Offline
An operational mode in which a PLC is not accepting inputs.
Online
An operational mo de in which a PLC is connected to the system network and ready t o accept inputs.
Output Module
The jack where an output device is physically connected to a PLC. The output modules transfer signals from the internal relays.
Peer-to-peer Relationship
A computer networking communication protocol that gives all devices equal ability to send information to other devices.
Peripheral Device
A piece of hardware that is not part o f t he main PLC system, but provid es inputs and accepts o utput s from the PLC.
Personal Comput er
A small, single-user computer. Also known as a PC.
7/10/2012 12:08 AM
Hardware for PLCs 210 - PLCs Training
http://www.toolingu.com/class-450210-hardware-for-plcs.html
Class Vocabulary PLC
Programmable Logic Controller. A processor driven device that uses logic based sof tware to provide electrical contro l to machines.
Power
An indicator light on a PLC that indicates the PLC has been turned on. This light should always be on when the PLC is operating.
Power Cycling
Turning a comp uter off and then turning it b ack on. Power cycling is usually do ne to clear PLC errors.
Power Supply
A separate power source for a PLC that converts the standard incoming 120VAC to the low voltage DC that the CPU requires, usually around 5V.
Printer
A device that output s the data on a comput er screen to a sheet of paper.
Processor
The main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a PLC. Also known as the CPU or controller.
Program M ode
An operational mo de of the CPU of a PLC that is used f or m onito ring and changing t he PLC program.
Programmable Logic Controller
A processor-driven device that uses logic b ased sof tware to provide electrical contro l to machines.
Programming Device
A device, usually a personal computer, used to enter instructions into the PLC. Some programming devices are small enough to fit in your hand.
Proprietary Netw ork
A PLC network designed by a manufacturer for a specific brand of PLCs.
Protocol
The language spoken between comput ers to help t hem exchange informatio n.
Rack
An enclosure with slots in it that is to connect m ultiple parts of a PLC.
Rack I/ O
A larger type of PLC that is a collection of I/ O cards that are linked tog ether and stored in a rack. A rack I/O can handle thousands of inputs and outputs.
RAM
Random Access Memory. A temporary storage area in which data can be immediately stored and accessed. RAM is also called read/write memory.
Random Access Memor y
A temporary storage area in which data can be immediately stored and accessed. RAM is also called read/write memory.
Read Only Memory
Sto res data that can be read b ut not written t o o r changed. Typically, this data is the pro gram t hat runs the PLC.
Recorder/ player
A device used for sto ring comp uter data in a dif ferent area or medium than the CPU.
Remote I/ O
Input/ outp ut m odules that are located far away fro m t he CPU of t he PLC.
Remote I/ O Network
A type o f comm unications network created by PLC manufacturers to suppo rt input /o utput devices that are located f ar away from the CPU of the PLC.
ROM
Read Only M emory. Stores data that can be read but not written t o or changed. Typically, this data is the prog ram that runs the PLC.
Run
An operational switch on the CPU that allows the system to run, but no changes can be made to the prog ram.
Run Mode
An operational mod e of t he CPU of a PLC that allows the system to run, but no changes can be made to the prog ram.
Software Key
A software key is a number or a code you enter on a keypad order to access functions on the PLC. Software keys are rapidly replacing p hysical keys.
Stand-alone Device
A device, typically a computer, that is not permanently connected to a communications network.
Switching Power
A digit al power supply. Digital info rmation is input or o utput electronically as a series of pulses or signals either "on" o r "off," often resulting in binary strings of 0s and 1s.
Test Mode
An operational mod e of t he CPU of a PLC that checks if inputs and out puts are working wit hout actually energizing the input/output circuits or devices.
Volatile
Volatile computer memo ry loses any stored info rmation w hen power is removed f rom the CPU. RAM is an example o f volatile memory.
Voltage Spike
A sudden, short surge in volt age. Voltage spikes can be caused b y light ning, power o utages, short circuits, or p ower transitions in large equipment o n the same power line.
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