Guideline Toxic or Poisonous Plants

A Department of Health (DOH) Guide to Toxic or Poisonous Plants

Not

Suitable for use in Areas Occupied by Dementia Patients or Children

COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

TOXIC PART

NOTES

Aconite, monkshood, wolfbane Adder's Tongue Ailanthus, tree of heaven Akee Amaryllis (various) Andromeda Anemone, windflower Angelica Tree Angel's trumpet Apricot, peach Asparagus Autumn crocus Azaleas Bamboo, Heavenly bamboo Baneberry Bearberry honeysuckle Bear's breech Belladonna lily Bird of Paradise Bittersweet Black twinberry Black Laurel, leucothoe Black Locust Tree Bleeding Heart, Dutchman's Breeches, Squirrel-Corn Bouncing bet, Cow Cockle, Cow-herb Bloodroot Boxwood Bracken Fern (males) Buckwheat Buffalo Bur Burning bush, Wahoo Buttercup, crowfoot Button bush Caladium Calla Lilly Canary bush Cascara, buckthorn, Coffee Berry Cashew Castor Bean Cherry (fruiting and flowering) China berry Tree, Texas Umbrella Tree Chokecherry

Aconitum sp. Erythronium sp. Ailanthus altissima Bilighia sapida Amarillus sp. Pieris japonica Anemone sp. Aralia sp. Datura suaveolens Prunus sp. Asparagus officinalis Colchicum autumnale Rhododendrum sp. Nandina domestica Actaea sp. Lonicera sp. Acanthus mollis Amaryllis belladonna Poinciana gilliesii Celastrus sp. Lonicera Involucrata var. involucrata Leucothoe davisiae Robinia pseudoacacia Dicentra sp. Saponaria sp. Sanguinaria canadensis Buxus sp. Pteridiurn Gleditsch, P. aquilinurn. Fagopyrum sygittum Solanum sp. Eunymous atropurpureus Ranunculus sp. Cephalanthus occidentalis Caladium sp. Zantedeschia sp. Crotalaria agatiflora Rhamnus sp. Anacardium occidentale Ricinus communis Prunus sp. Melia azedarach Prunus virginiana pv

Entire plant Bulbs Leaves, flowers Seeds Entire plant leaves All parts Fruit Leaves, seeds, flowers Kernels in seeds Berries, uncooked shoots Entire plant Leaves Berries Berries, root stock, sap Breeies berries, roots All parts All parts Berries Berries Leaves Bark, sprouts, leaves, pods, seeds Foliage, roots Seeds, foliage Root Foliage Entire plant Foliage (green or dry), seeds Foilage, berries, roots Leaves, fruit, bark Entire plant Leaves, flowers, twigs Stems, leaves, roots Leaves Seeds Fruit, sap Uncooked seeds, smoke from burning shells Seeds, foliage Leaves, uncooked pits Fruit, leaves, bark, flowers Leaves, stones in fruit

LETHAL

LETHAL

LETHAL

LETHAL


Not


COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

TOXIC PART

Christmas Rose Clematis Climbing lilly, Glory Lilly Cocklebur Columbine Corn Cockle, purple cockle Corydalis, fumatory Cow parsnip Creeping mahonia, oregon grape Crinum lilly, Swamp lilly Curly dock Cyclamen Daffodil Daphne Death Camas Delphinium, larkspur Dianthus, pinks Digitalis (See Foxglove) Dock, sorrel Dogbane, Indian Hemp Dog Fennel Dogtooth lily (See Giant adder's tongue) Dumbcane Elderberry Elephant Ears English Ivy English Laurel, Portuguese laurel, and varieties Euonymus, Burning Bush, European Spindletree, etc. European beech False hellebore, Indian poke, American Hellebore Fava bean, broad bean, horse bean Ferns-male fern, bracken fern Fiddleneck, tarweed Figs Flax Flowering dogwood Four o' clock Foxglove, digitalis Fritillaria, Crown imperialr lilly, Snakeshead Fungi Giant adder's tongue, Fawn lilly, dogtooth lily, etc Glory lily, gloriosa

Helleborus niger Clematis sp. Gloriosa superba Xanthium sp. Aquilegia sp. Agrostemma sp. Corydalis sp. Heracleum lanatum Mahonia repens Crinum americanum Rumex crispus Cyclamen sp. Narcissus Daphne sp. Zigadenus sp. Delphinium sp. Dianthus sp.

Foliage, rootstock, sap All parts All parts Seeds, seedling plants Seed, Seed pod Seeds Foliage Leaves, uncooked root Leaves, stems All parts, especially bulb Leaves Tuber bulbs Berries, bark, leaves Bulbs, new growth, foliage Seeds, foliage Seed

Rumex sp. Apocynum sp. Anthemis cotula

Leaves Milky juice of foliage Foliage

Dieffenbachia picta, D. seguine Sambucus sp. Colocasia sp. Helix hedera Prunus laurocerascus, P. lusitanica Euonymus sp. Fafus sylvatica Veratrum sp. Vicia sp.

Stems, leaves Roots, stems Entire plant Leaves, fruit Leaves, fruit, pits Fruits, foliage, bark Seed (beechnuts) Roots, leaves, seeds Raw or partially cooked seeds Entire plant Seed Milky sap Leaves, seed chaff Berries Root, seed Foilage, (fresh and dried), seeds Entire plant Non-cultivated, positive ID needed Bulbs Tubers, foliage, flowers

Amsinckia intermedia Ficus carica Linum sp. Cornus florida L. Mirabilis jalapa Digitalis purpurea Fritillaria sp. Erythronium sp. Gloriosa superba

NOTES

LETHAL LETHAL LETHAL

LETHAL


Not


COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

Goldenchain tree Golden dewdrop, Pigeonberry, sky flower Ground-cherry Groundsel, senecio He-huckleberry, fetterbush, maleberry, staggerbush Hemlock, poison Hemlock, water Henbane, Black henbane Henbit Holly Honeysuckle, Tartatian Hopi lima bean Horse bean, Broad been, Fava been Horsechestnut, buckeye Horse Nettle, bull nettle Horseradish Horsetail Hyacinth Hydrangeas Impatiens, balsum, touch-me-not Inkweed, drymary Iris, flags Jack-in-the-pulpit, Oregon root, green dragon Japanese pieris, andrmeda, Lily-of-the-valley shrub Jerusalem cherry Jimsonweed, angel trumpet, devil's trumpet, etc Jonquil Kalama Kentucky coffee tree Labrador tea lady slippers Lantaha, red sage Lichens Lilly-of-the-Valley Lobelia, cardinal flower, indian tobacco Locoweed, milk vetch, rattleweed, crazy weed Lupines, bluebonnets Nadenhair tree Magnolia Manroot, wild cucumber Matrimony vine, boxthorn, wolfberry Mayapple

Laburnum sp. Duranta repens Physalis sp. Senecio sp. Lyonia ligustrina Conium maculatum Cicuta douglasii Hyoscyamus niger Lamium amplexicaule Ilex sp. Lonicera, tatarica. Phaseolus lanatus Vicia sp. Aesculus sp. Solanum carolinense Armoracia rusticana Equisetum arvense Hyacinthus orientalis Hydrangeas sp. Impatiens sp. Drymaria pachyphylla Iris sp. Arisaema sp. Pieris japonica Solarum seudocapsicum Datura sp. See Narcissus See Mountain laurel Gymnocladus dioicus Ledum sp. Cypripedium sp. Lantana camara TNTC Convallaria majalis Lobelia sp. Astragalus sp., Oxtropis sp. Lupine sp. Ginko biloba Magnolia sp. Marah fabaceus/Echinosystis lobata Lycium halimifolium Podphyllium peltatum

TOXIC PART

Seeds, milk of animals eating seeds All parts Unripe fruit Entire plant Leaves, nectar All parts

NOTES LETHAL

LETHAL LETHAL

Seebs, sap Foliage Berries Berries mildly toxic Seeds (uncooked) Flower pollen Nuts, leaves, young shoots, flowers Foliage, berries Foliage, roots Entire plant, roots & stem base most toxic Bulbs Leaves, flower buds Young stems, leaves All parts Rootstock, foliage (fresh or dried) Roots See andromeda See nightshade Leaves, seeds, flower nectar, roots Bulbs Leaves Seeds, seed pods, leaves, sprouts Foliage Leaves, stems Berries Positive ID needed to be safe Entire plant Leaves, seeds Entire plant Foliage, seeds Fruit All parts, especially seeds Juice, seeds Leaves Unripe fruit, leaves

LETHAL

LETHAL LETHAL

LETHAL

LETHAL


Not


COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

TOXIC PART

Marijuana. Wild hemp Marsh marigold, cowslip Mexican orange Milkweeds Mistletoe Mockorange Molds Mole plant, caper spurge Moonseed Morning glory, bindweed Mountain heather, oregon grape Mountain laurel Mushrooms Mustard Narcissus, daffodil, jonquil Nettle, See horse nettle, nightshade Nicotiana (Wild and cultivated tobaccos) Nightshades, Jerusalem cherry, bittersweets, nettle Night-blooming Jessamine Oak Oleander Osage orange Pacific crabapple Parsnip Pasque flower PawPaw Peach, apricot Pensil tree, spurge tree, malabar tree, monkey fiddle Pittosporum Philodendrons (house plants) Pheasant's plant Pittosporum, Australian laurel Poison oak, poison ivy Pokeweed, careless weed, redroot Pimpernel, scarlet or red pimpernel Plum Poinciana, bird-of-paradise bush Poinsettia Poison hemlock Poison ivy Poison oak Poppies

Cannabis sativa Caltha sp. Choisya ternata Asclepias sp. Phoradendron villosum, P. flavescens Philadelphus sp. TNTC Euphorbia lathyrus Menispermum canadense Convolvulus sp., Ipmea sp. Mahonia repens Kalamia latifolia Brassica nigra Narcissus sp.

Leaves, flowers, resinous secretions Entire plant All parts Foliage, sprouts Foliage, fruit, teas from fruit Fruit Positive ID needed to be safe Entire plant Fruit Seeds Leaves, stems All parts non-cultivated, positive ID needed All parts/eaten in quantity Bulbs

Nicotiana sp. Solanum sp. Cestrum nocturnum Quercus sp. Nerium oleander Maclura pomifera Malus fusca Pastinaca sativa Amemone patens Asimina triloba Prunus persica, P. armeniaca Euphorbia tiraculla Pittosporum torbira Philodendrun sp. Adonis vernalis Pittosporum sp Rhyus sp. Amaranthus sp. Anagallis arvensis Prunus sp. Poinciana gilliesii Euphorbia pulcherrima Conium maculatum Rhus sp. Rhys sp Papaver sp.

Leaves Vines, roots, leaves, berries All parts iaten raw in quantities Leaves, uncooked acorns Leaves, stems, branches Milky juice Seeds in quantity Foliage All parts All parts Kernels (seeds) in pits See Spurges Fruit, leaves Leaves, stems All parts All parts Entire plant Foliage Entire plant Leaves, seeds Green seed pods Might not be poison, use caution Entire plant All parts All parts Seeds, foliage, roots

NOTES

LETHAL

LETHAL

LETHAL

LETHAL


LETHAL

LETHAL


Not


COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

Potato Primrose Purslane, pulsey Privets Ragweed Rattlebox, coffeeweed Rhododendruns Rhubarb Rosary pea, ecatory bean, Indian licorice Rubbervine Rusty leaf, fool's huckleberry, mock azalea St. John's wort, goat weed, tipton weed, etc Scarlet runner bean Scilla, squill Scotch broom Sheel sorrel, red sorrel, sour dock Skimmia Skunk cabbage Smartweed Snowberry Snowdrop Snow-on-the-mountain Sorghum Sour dock, Sorrel Spanish bayonet Spider lily Spindle tree Spurge, mole plant, caper spurge, snow-on-the-Mt. Star-of-Bethlehem Sweet peas Tansy, bitter buttons, hind-head, parsley fern Tansy ragwort Tarweed Tobacco See nicotiana Tomato Trillium, wakerobin Trumpet-creeper, trumpet vine, Tulip Twin flower Virginia creeper, woodbine Wallnuts Water hemlock

Solanum tuberosum Primula sp. Portulaca oleracea Ligustrum sp. Ambrosia sp. Daubentonia punicea Rhododendrun sp. Rheum rhapontic Helenium sp. Cryptostegia grandflora Menziesia ferruginea Hypericsum sp. Phaseolus coccineus Scilla noncripta, S. peruviana Cytisus scoparius Rumes sp. Skimmia japonica Lysichitum americanum Polygonum sp. Symphoricapos albus Galanthus nivalis Euphorbia marginata Sorghum vulgare Rumex acetosa Yucca aloiflora Hymenocallis sp. Euonymus sp. Euphorbia sp. Ornithogalum umbellatum Lathyrus odratus, Lathyrus sp. Tanacetum vulgare Senecia jacobaea See Fiddleback

Vines, sunburned, green or spoiled tuber, etc Leaves, stems All parts Foiliage, fruit (berries) Pollen All,parts Leaves Leaf blade (stalk edible) All parts All parts Foliage Entire plant pods Entire plant Foliage, seeds See Dock Berry Berry Leaves Berry Bulbs All parts, sap All parts eaten in quantity Leaves in quantity Roots Bulb Bulb Foliage, other parts may be toxic Bulbs, leaves Stem Entire plant Entire plant

TOXIC PART

Lycopersicon sp. Trillium sp. Campsis radicans Tulipa sp. Linnaea borealis Parthenocissus quinquefolia Juglans sp. Cicuta maculata

Foilage, shoots, (fruit not toxic) Root Flowers Bulb Entire plant Berries Juice form green hull Entire plant

NOTES

LETHAL

LETHAL


Not


COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

Water parsnip White snakeroot Wild cala Wild onion Wild peas Willow Wisteria Wormseed, mexican tea Yellow jessamine Yews Yucca Yucca Zephyr lilly, atamasco lily, fairy lily

Sium suave Eupatorium rugosum Cala palustris Allium canadense/ Allium cernuum Lathyrus sp. Salix sp. Wisteria sp. Chenopodium ambrosiodes Gelsemium sempervirens Taxus sp. Yucca filamentosa. Yucca glauca Zephyranthes atamasco

TOXIC PART

Leaves Leaves, stems Leaves All parts in quantity Seeds Leaves, bark Seeds, pods Seeds All parts Foliage, bark, seed Raw root Raw root Bulbs, leaves

NOTES


IMPORTANT INFORMATION:

This list is not complete. These plants have been known to cause illness, dermatitis, or death in humans. DOH created this list from various resources such as published literature and the internet. This list is subject to change without notice. REFERENCES:

Kaiser Permanente-Northwest: Common Poisonous Plants and Non-poisonous Plants, 2003. University of California-San Diego; Healthcare web site, 2003. North Carolina State Univerasity-Cooperative Extension, Poisonous Plant Data Base, 2003. University of Georgia-Cooperative Extension, Fact Sheet H-00-056, 2003. Washington State University-Cooperative Extension; Gardening in the Northwest, 2002. Medical Botany: Plants Affecting Man's Health; Lewis/Lewis; John Wiley & Sons, 1977. Plant Toxicity and Dermatitis; Lampe/Fagerstrom, Willians & Wilkens, Co., 1968. Poisonous Plants of the United States and Canada, Kinsbury, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Unversity of Oregon-Cooperative Extension, Poisonous Planst Encountered in Oregon, EC-801. Know your Poisonous Plants, Wilma Roberts James, Naturegraph Publishers, 2003 US-FDA; Poisonous Plant Database, 1999. AMA-HandBook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants, American Medical Association. Mary Bridge Poison Control Center: A Guide to Plant Poisoning, Prevention, and Treatment. Indiana Poison Center, Methodist Hospital of Indiana, "Poison Prevention". 1993. Thurston County Noxious Weed Control Board, "Selected Noxious Plants of Washington State" US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventitive Medicine, Guide to Poisonous Plants. New Jersey Poison Information and Education Center, "Plant Safety", 2003. Various internet sites by searching: "poisonous"+"plant name" Poisonous Plants and Fungi in Britain "Animal and Human Poisoning", Cooper/Johnson, The Stationary Office, 1998

Guideline Toxic or Poisonous Plants

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