General Physics Review
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General Physics Review Question 1 The displacement of an object for a round roun d trip between two locations 1. is always greater than zero. 2. is always less than zero. 3. is zero. 4. can be greater than or less than but not zero. 5. can have any value.
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General Physics Review Question 1 The displacement of an object for a round roun d trip between two locations 1. is always greater than zero. 2. is always less than zero. 3. is zero. 4. can be greater than or less than but not zero. 5. can have any value.
x x f xi
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General Physics Review Question 2 Average velocity is defined as 1. change in distance divided by change in time. 2. position divided by change in time. 3. displacement divided by change in time. 4. displacement divided by time. 5. More than one of the above answers is correct.
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General Physics Review Question 2 Average velocity is defined as 1. change in distance divided by change in time. 2. position divided by change in time. 3. displacement divided by change in time. 4. displacement divided by time. 5. More than one of the above answers is correct.
x f xi
x v v t f t i t
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General Physics Review Question 3 The slope of a straight line in a velocity vrs time graph is 1. the average velocity. 2. the average acceleration 3. the displacement. 4. the position. 5. not defined.
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General Physics Review Question 3 The slope of a straight line in a velocity vrs time graph is 1. the average velocity. 2. the average acceleration 3. the displacement. 4. the position. 5. not defined.
v f vi
v a t f t i t 7
General Physics Review Question 4 An object, located at the origin when t = 0, moves along the x axis as shown. At which point is the object farthest from its starting point? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E
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General Physics Review Question 4 An object, located at the origin when t = 0, moves along the x axis as shown. At which point is the object farthest from its starting point? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E
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General Physics Review Question 5 Which graph of v versus t best describes the motion of a particle whose velocity is constant and negative?
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General Physics Review Question 5 Which graph of v versus t best describes the motion of a particle whose velocity is constant and negative?
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General Physics Review Question 6 The graph shows how the position of a particle depends on time. Which choice is closest to the average speed of the particle in the time interval between 0 and 6 s? 1. 0.40 m/s 2. 0.67 m/s 3. 0.75 m/s 4. 1.50 m/s 5. 2.22
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General Physics Review Question 6 The graph shows how the position of a particle depends on time. Which choice is closest to the average speed of the particle in the time interval between 0 and 6 s? 1. 0.40 m/s 2. 0.67 m/s 3. 0.75 m/s 4. 1.50 m/s 5. 2.22
v v
x t
4.2m 0m 6 s 0 s
0.7 m s 13
General Physics Review Question 7 The graph represents the displacement of a particle along the axis as a function of time. The point where the instantaneous velocity of this particle is the largest is 1. a 3. b 4. c 4. d 5. e
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General Physics Review Question 7 The graph represents the displacement of a particle along the axis as a function of time. The point where the instantaneous velocity of this particle is the largest is 1. a 3. b 4. c 4. d 5. e
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General Physics Review Question 8 When a particle moves in a circle with constant speed, its acceleration is 1. constantly increasing 2. constant in direction 3. zero 4. constant in magnitude 5. constant in magnitude and direction
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General Physics Review Question 8 When a particle moves in a circle with constant speed, its acceleration is 1. constantly increasing 2. constant in direction 3. zero v 4. constant in magnitude 5. constant in magnitude and direction a
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General Physics Review Question 9 A car going around a curve of radius R at a speed v experiences an acceleration a. What is its acceleration? 1. v/R 2. v2R 3. v2/R 2 4. v2/R 5. None of the above.
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General Physics Review Question 9 A car going around a curve of radius R at a speed v experiences an acceleration a. What is its acceleration? 1. v/R 2. v2R 3. v2/R 2 v 4. v2/R 5. None of the above.
F net ,ext ,r mar m
v
2
a
R 19
General Physics Review Question 10 A car experiences both a centripetal and a tangential acceleration. For which of the following would this be true? 1. it is going around a curve at a constant speed 2. it is going around a curve and slowing down 3. it is going along a straight road at a constant speed 4. it is going along a straight road and increasing its speed 5. it is going along a straight road and decreasing its speed
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General Physics Review Question 10 A car experiences both a centripetal and a tangential acceleration. For which of the following would this be true? 1. it is going around a curve at a constant speed 2. it is going around a curve and slowing down 3. it is going along a straight road at a constant speed 4. it is going along a straight road and increasing its speed 5. it is going along a straight road… v
at ac
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General Physics Review Question 11 Acceleration ____________ velocity changes only the magnitude of the velocity not its direction. 1. perpendicular to 2. in the direction of the 3. in the opposite direction to the 4. colinear to 5. None of the above.
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General Physics Review Question 11 Acceleration ____________ velocity changes only the magnitude of the velocity not its direction. 1. perpendicular to 2. in the direction of the 3. in the opposite direction to the 4. colinear to 5. None of the above.
a
a
v
v
v
a
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General Physics Review Question 12 If, at an instant, an object o bject is moving west, its acceleration 1. is north 2. is east 3. is west 4. is south 5. May be any direction.
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General Physics Review Question 12 If, at an instant, an object o bject is moving west, its acceleration 1. is north 2. is east 3. is west 4. is south 5. May be any direction.
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General Physics Review Question 13 The component of a vector A in the x-direction, making an angle q with the x-axis is 1. A*sin q 2. A*cos q 3. A*cos 2q 4. A*sec q 5. None of the above.
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General Physics Review Question 13 The component of a vector A in the x-direction, making an angle q with the x-axis is 1. A*sin q 2. A*cos y 3. A*cos 2q 4. A*sec q A 5. None of the above.
cos q
A x A
A x A cos q
q
Ax
x
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General Physics Review Question 14 Given vector A, the vector 3A 1. has a magnitude 3 times that of A 2. points in the same direction as A 3. has components each of which is 3 times those of A 4. makes the same angle with a given axis as does A 5. Is described by all of these.
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General Physics Review Question 14 Given vector A, the vector 3A 1. has a magnitude 3 times that of A 2. points in the same direction as A 3. has components each of which is 3 times those of A 4. makes the same angle with a given axis as does A 5. Is described by all of these. y
3A
A q
Ax
3Ax
x
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General Physics Review Question 15 Which of the following vector equations correctly describes the relationship among the vectors shown in the figure? 1. A + B - C = 0 2. A - B + C = 0 3. A - B - C = 0 4. A + B + C = 0 5. None of these equations is correct
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General Physics Review Question 15 Which of the following vector equations correctly describes the relationship among the vectors shown in the figure? 1. A + B - C = 0 2. A - B + C = 0 3. A - B - C = 0 4. A + B + C = 0 5. None of these equations is correct
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General Physics Review Question 16 Newton’s Second Law states The rate at which a body’s momentum changes is equal to the ________ acting on the body 1. force 2. object force 3. net external force 4. internal force 5. None of the above
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General Physics Review Question 16 Newton’s Second Law states The rate at which a body’s momentum changes is equal to the ________ acting on the body 1. force 2. object force 3. net external force 4. internal force d p 5. None of the above
F
dt
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General Physics Review Question 17 Momentum is defined as 1. mv2 2. (1/2)mv2 3. mv 4. mv 5. None of the above.
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General Physics Review Question 17 Momentum is defined as 1. mv2 2. (1/2)mv2 3. mv 4. mv 5. None of the above.
p mv
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General Physics Review Question 18 A body moves with constant speed in a straight line. Which of the following statements must be true? 1. No force acts on the body 2. A single constant force acts on the body in the direction of motion 3. A single constant force acts on the body in the direction opposite to the motion 4. A net force of zero acts on the body 5. A constant net force acts on the body in the direction of motion
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General Physics Review Question 18 A body moves with constant speed in a straight line. Which of the following statements must be true? 1. No force acts on the body 2. A single constant force acts on the body in the direction of motion 3. A single constant force acts on the body in the direction opposite to the motion 4. A net force of zero acts on the body 5. A constant net force acts on the body in the direction of motion d p ma for constant mass F dt If F 0 then a 0 and v constant 37
General Physics Review
Question 19 A velocity vector has an x component of +5.5 m / s and a y component of -3.5 m / s. The diagram that gives the direction of the vector is 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
none of these
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General Physics Review
Question 19 A velocity vector has an x component of +5.5 m/s and a y component of -3.5 m/s. The diagram that gives the direction of the vector is 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
none of these
tan q
y x
3.5 m s 5.5 m s 39
General Physics Review Question 20 The system in the figure consists of a steel ball attached by a cord to a large block of wood. If the system is dropped in a vacuum, the force in the cord is 1. zero 2. equal to the difference of the masses of B and W 3. equal to the difference of the weights of B and W 4. equal to the weight of B 5. equal to the sum of the weights of B and W
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General Physics Review Question 20 The system in the figure consists of a steel ball attached by a cord to a large block of wood. If the system is dropped in a vacuum, the force in the cord is 1. zero 2. equal to the difference of the masses of B and W 3. equal to the difference of the weights of B and W 4. equal to the weight of B 5. equal to the sum of the weights of B and W
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General Physics Review Question 21 A boy holds a bird in his hand. The reaction force to the weight of the bird is the force of the 1. earth on the bird 2. bird on the earth 3. hand on the bird 4. bird on the hand 5. earth on the hand
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General Physics Review Question 21 A boy holds a bird in his hand. The reaction force to the weight of the bird is the force of the 1. earth on the bird 2. bird on the earth 3. hand on the bird 4. bird on the hand 5. earth on the hand
F agent , object
F earth , bird F bird , earth
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General Physics Review Question 22 A projectile is fired at an angle of 45 0 above the horizontal. If air resistance is neglected, the line in the graph that best represents the horizontal displacement of the projectile as a function of travel time is 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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General Physics Review Question 22 A projectile is fired at an angle of 45 0 above the horizontal. If air resistance is neglected, the line in the graph that best represents the horizontal displacement of the projectile as a function of travel time is 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
x (t ) x (0) v x (0)t 45
General Physics Review Question 23 A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff with a velocity v(0). A graph of the acceleration of the ball versus the distance fallen could be represented by curve 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
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General Physics Review Question 23 A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff with a velocity v(0). A graph of the acceleration of the ball versus the distance fallen could be represented by curve 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
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General Physics Review Question 24 The kinetic energy of on object is 1. mv 2. mv2 3. (1/2)mv2 4. Fx 5. More than one of the above
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General Physics Review Question 24 The kinetic energy of on object is 1. mv 2. mv2 3. (1/2)mv2 4. Fx 5. More than one of the above
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General Physics Review Question 25 A body of mass m slides a distance d along a horizontal surface. How much work is done by gravity? 1. mgd 2. zero 3. -mgd 4. One cannot tell from the given information 5. None of these answers is correct
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General Physics Review Question 25 A body of mass m slides a distance d along a horizontal surface. How much work is done by gravity? 1. mgd 2. zero 3. -mgd 4. One cannot tell from the given information 5. None of these answers is correct n v
b
f
W F d x
a
W F x
if F constant
w 51
General Physics Review Question 26 A body moves with decreasing speed. Which of the following statements is true? 1. The net work done on the body is positive, and the kinetic energy is increasing. 2. The net work done on the body is positive, and the kinetic energy is decreasing. 3. The net work done on the body is zero, and the kinetic energy is decreasing. 4. The net work done on the body is negative, and the kinetic energy is decreasing.
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General Physics Review Question 26 A body moves with decreasing speed. Which of the following statements is true? 1. The net work done on the body is positive, and the kinetic energy is increasing. 2. The net work done on the body is positive, and the kinetic energy is decreasing. 3. The net work done on the body is zero, and the kinetic energy is decreasing. 4. The net work done on the body is negative, and the kinetic energy is decreasing.
W K K f K i
W W con W noncon W ext 53
General Physics Review Question 27 The condition necessary for the conservation of momentum in a given system is that 1. energy is conserved. 2. one body is at rest. 3. no external force acts on system. 4. internal forces equal external forces. 5. None of these is correct.
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General Physics Review Question 27 The condition necessary for the conservation of momentum in a given system is that 1. energy is conserved. 2. one body is at rest. 3. no external force acts on system. 4. internal forces equal external forces. 5. None of these is correct.
d p
F net ,ex t
dt
d p
If F net ,ex t 0 then
dt
0 and p constant
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General Physics Review Question 28 Momentum is conserved in which of the following? 1. elastic collisions 2. inelastic collisions 3. explosions 4. collisions between automobiles 5. all of these
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General Physics Review Question 28 Momentum is conserved in which of the following? 1. elastic collisions 2. inelastic collisions 3. explosions 4. collisions between automobiles 5. all of these d p
F net ,ex t
dt
d p
If F net ,ex t 0 then
dt
0 and p constant
Is energy conserved? 57
General Physics Review Question 29 A man in a spacecraft that is moving with a velocity V0 in free space runs forward and then stops. The center of mass of the system (that is, the ship and the man) 1. slows while the man is running, then speeds up when he stops 2. slows while the man is running, then resumes its original velocity when he stops 3. moves faster while the man is running, then slows when he stops 4. moves faster while the man is running, then resumes its original velocity when he stops 5. continues all the while at its original velocity
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General Physics Review Question 29 A man in a spacecraft that is moving with a velocity V0 in free space runs forward and then stops. The center of mass of the system (that is, the ship and the man) 1. slows while the man is running, then speeds up when he stops 2. slows while the man is running, then resumes its original velocity when he stops 3. moves faster while the man is running, then slows when he stops 4. moves faster while the man is running, then resumes its original velocity when he stops 5. continues all the while at its original velocity
d p
F net ,ex t
dt
d p
If F net ,ex t 0 then
dt
0 and p constant
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General Physics Review Question 30 If a body moves in such a way that its linear momentum is constant, then 1. its kinetic energy is zero 2. the sum of all the external forces acting on it must be zero 3. its acceleration is greater than zero and is constant 4. its center of mass remains at rest 5. the sum of all the external forces acting on the body is constant and nonzero
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General Physics Review Question 30 If a body moves in such a way that its linear momentum is constant, then 1. its kinetic energy is zero 2. the sum of all the external forces acting on it must be zero 3. its acceleration is greater than zero and is constant 4. its center of mass remains at rest 5. the sum of all the external forces acting on the body is constant and nonzero d p
F net ,ex t
dt
d p
If F net ,ex t 0 then
dt
0 and p constant
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General Physics Review Question 31 The momentum vectors A1 and B1 of two bodies are shown before collision. After the collision, body A is at rest. The vector that correctly represents the momentum of body B after the collision is
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General Physics Review Question 31 The momentum vectors A1 and B1 of two bodies are shown before collision. After the collision, body A is at rest. The vector that correctly represents the momentum of body B after the collision is 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
P 0 P f P i 0 where P is net momentum
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General Physics Review Question 32 For a rigid body to remain in equilibrium it is necessary and sufficient that 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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General Physics Review Question 32 For a rigid body to remain in equilibrium it is necessary and sufficient that 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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General Physics Review Question 33 A flat object resting on a horizontal frictionless surface is acted on by forces of equal magnitude as shown. The center of gravity of the object is indicated in each case. The object is in translational equilibrium in figure(s) 1. 3 and 4 2. 1 and 2 3. 2 and 4 4. 1 only 5. 4 only
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General Physics Review Question 33 A flat object resting on a horizontal frictionless surface is acted on by forces of equal magnitude as shown. The center of gravity of the object is indicated in each case. The object is in translational equilibrium in figure(s) 1. 3 and 4 2. 1 and 2 3. 2 and 4 4. 1 only 5. 4 only
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General Physics Review Question 34 If F is the force, x the displacement, and k a particular constant, for simple harmonic motion we must have 1. F = -k/x2 2. F = k/x 3. F = (k/x2)1/2 4. F = -kx2 5. None of these
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General Physics Review Question 34 If F is the force, x the displacement, and k a particular constant, for simple harmonic motion we must have 1. F = -k/x2 2. F = k/x 3. F = (k/x2)1/2 4. F = -kx2 5. None of these
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General Physics Review Question 35 A mass m hanging on a spring with a spring constant k has simple harmonic motion with a period T. If the mass is doubled to 2m, the period of oscillation 1. increases by a factor of 2 2. decreases by a factor of 2 3. increases by a factor of 2 4. decreases by a factor of 2 5. is not affected
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General Physics Review Question 35 A mass m hanging on a spring with a spring constant k has simple harmonic motion with a period T. If the mass is doubled to 2m, the period of oscillation 1. increases by a factor of 2 2. decreases by a factor of 2 3. increases by a factor of 2 4. decreases by a factor of 2 5. is not affected
T 2
k m
1
k
T
m
2 f 2
2m
k
2
m k
2
T 2
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General Physics Review Question 36 The instantaneous speed of a mass undergoing simple harmonic motion on the end of a spring depends on a. the amplitude of oscillation b. the frequency of oscillation c. the period of oscillation d. the time at which the speed is measured e. all of these
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General Physics Review Question 36 The instantaneous speed of a mass undergoing simple harmonic motion on the end of a spring depends on a. the amplitude of oscillation b. the frequency of oscillation c. the period of oscillation d. the time at which the speed is measured e. all of these
x(t ) A cos( t ) v(t )
dx dt
A sin( t ) 73
General Physics Review Question 37 The top graph represents the variation of displacement with time for a particle executing simple harmonic motion. Which curve in the bottom graph represents the variation of velocity with time for the same particle? 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. none of these
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General Physics Review Question 37 The top graph represents the variation of displacement with time for a particle executing simple harmonic motion. Which curve in the bottom graph represents the variation of velocity with time for the same particle? 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. none of these x(t ) A cos( t ) v(t ) a(t )
dx dt dv
A sin( t ) A 2 cos( t )
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General Physics Review Question 38 The kinetic energy of a body executing simple harmonic motion is plotted against time expressed in terms of the period T. At t = 0, the displacement is zero. Which of the graphs most closely represents these conditions?
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General Physics Review Question 38 The kinetic energy of a body executing simple harmonic ) x(t ) motion A sin(is t plotted against time expressed in terms of the At tt )= 0, the displacement is zero. Which of the A T.cos( v(t ) period graphs represents these conditions? 1 most 1closely 2 2 2 K (t ) mv mA cos2 ( t ) 2 2
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General Physics Review Question 39 A system consists of a mass vibrating on the end of a spring. The total mechanical energy of this system 1. varies as a sine or cosine function 2. is constant only when the mass mass is at maximum displacement displacement 3. is a maximum maximum when the mass is at its its equilibrium position only 4. is constant, regardless of the displacement of the mass mass from the equilibrium position 5. is always equal to the square of the amplitude
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General Physics Review Question 39 A system consists of a mass vibrating on the end of a spring. The total mechanical energy of this system 1. varies as a sine or cosine function 2. is constant only when the mass mass is at maximum displacement displacement 3. is a maximum maximum when the mass is at its its equilibrium position only 4. is constant, regardless of the displacement of the mass mass from the equilibrium position 5. is always equal to the square of the amplitude
E mech
1 2
mv 2
1 2
kx 2
1 2
k A2 at maximun 79
General Physics Review Question 40 A mass on a spring is vibrating in simple harmonic motion about an equilibrium position indicated by the dashed line. The figure that shows the body with maximum acceleration is
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General Physics Review Question 40 A mass on a spring is vibrating in simple harmonic motion about an equilibrium position indicated by the dashed line. The figure that shows the body with maximum acceleration is
F ne t
kx
ma
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General Physics Review Question 41 Which of the following statements is true? 1. Waves transmit energy but not momentum 2. Waves transmit momentum but not energy 3. Waves transmit both energy and momentum 4. Waves transmit neither energy nor momentum 5. Waves can transmit either energy or momentum but not both
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General Physics Review Question 41 Which of the following statements is true? 1. Waves transmit energy but not momentum 2. Waves transmit momentum but not energy 3. Waves transmit both energy and momentum 4. Waves transmit neither energy nor momentum 5. Waves can transmit either energy or momentum but not both
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General Physics Review Question 42 A longitudinal wave is distinguished from a transverse wave by the fact that in longitudinal waves 1. the particle vibration is parallel to the direction of propagation 2. the particle vibration is perpendicular to the direction of propagation 3. energy is transported from one point in space to another point 4. vibrations occur only in air or water 5. energy is not transported from one point in space to another point 84
General Physics Review Question 42 A longitudinal wave is distinguished from a transverse wave by the fact that in longitudinal waves 1. the particle vibration is parallel to the direction of propagation 2. the particle vibration is perpendicular to the direction of propagation 3. energy is transported from one point in space to another point 4. vibrations occur only in air or water 5. energy is not transported from one point in space to another point 85
General Physics Review Question 43 A pulse moves in a string toward a free end (a ring on a post) as indicated in the sketch. On reflection, the pulse would most nearly be represented by 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
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General Physics Review Question 43 A pulse moves in a string toward a free end (a ring on a post) as indicated in the sketch. On reflection, the pulse would most nearly be represented by 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. 5
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General Physics Review Question 44 A string under tension carries transverse waves traveling at speed v. If the same string is under four times the tension, what is the wave speed? 1. v 2. 2v 3. v/2 4. 4v 5. v/4
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General Physics Review Question 44 A string under tension carries transverse waves traveling at speed v. If the same string is under four times the tension, what is the wave speed? 1. v 2. 2v 3. v/2 4. 4v 5. v/4
v
T
v
4 T
2
T
2 89
General Physics Review Question 45 A wave is traveling with a speed v along the x axis in the positive direction. The upper graph shows the displacement y versus the distance x for a given instant of time. The lower graph shows the displacement y versus the time t for any given point x. From the information in the graphs, what is the wave speed v? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
8.0 m / s 4.0 m / s 6.0 m / s there is not enough information none of these is correct 90
General Physics Review Question 45 A wave is traveling with a speed v along the x axis in the positive direction. The upper graph shows the displacement y versus the distance x for a given instant of time. The lower graph shows the displacement y versus the time t for any given point x. From the information in the graphs, what is the wave speed v?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. f
1
T
8.0 m / s 4.0 m / s 6.0 m / s there is not enough information none of these is correct
1
1 2 s
2 Hz
f 2 Hz 4m v 8 m s
T
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General Physics Review Question 46 In graph A, two waves are shown at a given instant. What is the number of the curve in graph B that represents the wave resulting from the superposition of the two waves? 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. the resultant is zero for all values of x 5. none of these Change graph to one from Student Workbook
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General Physics Review Question 47
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sketch A shows two identical pulses traveling in opposite directions along a string, each with a velocity of 1.0 cm/s. After 4.0 s, the string will look like which of these other sketches? 1 2 3 4 5
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General Physics Review Question 47
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sketch A shows two identical pulses traveling in opposite directions along a string, each with a velocity of 1.0 cm/s. After 4.0 s, the string will look like which of these other sketches? 1 2 3 4 5
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General Physics Review Question 48 The figure shows several modes of vibration of a string fixed at both ends. The mode of vibration that represents the fourth harmonic is 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 5. none of these
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General Physics Review Question 48 The figure shows several modes of vibration of a string fixed at both ends. The mode of vibration that represents the fourth harmonic is 1. 1 Fundamental 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4 First harmonic 5. none of these Second harmonic Third harmonic 96
General Physics Review Question 49 A stretched string is fixed at points 1 and 5. When it is vibrating at the second harmonic frequency, the nodes of the standing wave are at points 1. 1 and 5 2. 1, 3, and 5 3. 1 and 3 4. 2 and 4 5. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
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General Physics Review Question 49 A stretched string is fixed at points 1 and 5. When it is vibrating at the second harmonic frequency, the nodes of the standing wave are at points 1. 1 and 5 2. 1, 3, and 5 3. 1 and 3 4. 2 and 4 5. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
First harmonic Second harmonic 98
General Physics Review Question 50 If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are both reduced to half their original value, the temperature of the gas is 1. unchanged 2. doubled 3. halved 4. increased by a factor of 4 5. decreased by a factor of 4
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General Physics Review Question 50 If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are both reduced to half their original value, the temperature of the gas is 1. unchanged 2. doubled 3. halved 4. increased by a factor of 4 5. decreased by a factor of 4
pV NkT
p V 2 2
NkT
100
General Physics Review Question 51 At room temperature, which of the following diatomic molecules has the greater average kinetic energy: carbon monoxide (molar mass = 28 g/mol), nitrogen (molar mass = 28 g/mol), or oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol)? 1. carbon monoxide 2. nitrogen 3. oxygen 4. both a and b are correct 5. All three have the same average kinetic energy.
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General Physics Review Question 51 At room temperature, which of the following diatomic molecules has the greater average kinetic energy: carbon monoxide (molar mass = 28 g/mol), nitrogen (molar mass = 28 g/mol), or oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol)? 1. carbon monoxide 2. nitrogen 3. oxygen 4. both a and b are correct 5. All three have the same average kinetic energy.
1 2
m v
2
2
kT 3
That’s why you can talk like a duck! 102
General Physics Review Question 52 Which of the following is an assumption that is made in the kinetic theory of gases? 1. Molecules are not described by Newton’s laws. 2. Molecules make up only a small fraction of the volume occupied by a gas. 3. Molecules collide inelastically. 4. The total number of molecules is actually very small. 5. There are forces acting on the molecules at all times.
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General Physics Review Question 52 Which of the following is an assumption that is made in the kinetic theory of gases? 1. Molecules are not described by Newton’s laws. 2. Molecules make up only a small fraction of the volume occupied by a gas. 3. Molecules collide inelastically. 4. The total number of molecules is actually very small. 5. There are forces acting on the molecules at all times.
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General Physics Review Question 53 Aluminum has a specific heat more than twice that of copper. Identical masses of aluminum and copper, both at 00C, are dropped together into a can of hot water. When the system has come to thermal equilibrium, 1. the aluminum is at a higher temperature than the copper 2. the copper is at a higher temperature than the aluminum 3. the aluminum and copper are at the same temperature 4. the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the amount of water in the can 5. the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the initial temperature of the water in the can
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General Physics Review Question 53 Aluminum has a specific heat more than twice that of copper. Identical masses of aluminum and copper, both at 00C, are dropped together into a can of hot water. When the system has come to thermal equilibrium, 1. the aluminum is at a higher temperature than the copper 2. the copper is at a higher temperature than the aluminum 3. the aluminum and copper are at the same temperature 4. the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the amount of water in the can 5. the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the initial temperature of the water in the can
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General Physics Review Question 54 Body A has twice the mass and three times the specific heat of body B. They are supplied with equal amounts of heat. Body A experiences a temperature change T. What change in temperature is experienced by body B? 1. T 2. 3T/2 3. 2T/3 4. 6T 5. T/2
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General Physics Review Question 54 Body A has twice the mass and three times the specific heat of body B. They are supplied with equal amounts of heat. Body A experiences a temperature change T. What change in temperature is experienced by body B? 1. T 1 Q 2. 3T/2 c Q mc T 3. 2T/3 m T 4. 6 T 5. T/2
Q A m Ac A T A Q B m B c B T B 2m B 3c B T A m B c B T B 2 3 T A T B
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General Physics Review Question 55 The specific heat of a gas is 1. the same for all gases 2. directly proportional to the absolute temperature 3. independent of constraints imposed on it while heating 4. a negligible quantity 5. greater at constant pressure than at constant volume
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General Physics Review Question 55 The specific heat of a gas is 1. the same for all gases 2. directly proportional to the absolute temperature 3. independent of constraints imposed on it while heating 4. a negligible quantity 5. greater at constant pressure than at constant volume
c p
1 Q
n
T p
c p cV R
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General Physics Review Question 56 Heat is added to a substance at a constant rate. The substance starts as a solid and is melted; the liquid is heated and vaporized; finally, the vapor is heated. This process is shown in the graph. Which of the following statements is correct? 1. The heat of fusion is greater than the heat of vaporization 2. The heat of vaporization is greater than the heat of fusion 3. The heat of vaporization is equal to the heat of fusion 4. The mass of the substance must be known before any statements about the heats can be made 5. The relative sizes of the heats depend on the rate at which the heat is added
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General Physics Review Question 56 Heat is added to a substance at a constant rate. The substance starts as a solid and is melted; the liquid is heated and vaporized; finally, the vapor is heated. This process is shown in the graph. Which of the following statements is correct? 1. The heat of fusion is greater than the heat of vaporization 2. The heat of vaporization is greater than the heat of fusion 3. The heat of vaporization is equal to the latent heat of fusion 4. The mass of the substance must be known before any statements about the heats can be made 5. The relative sizes of the heats depend on the rate at which the heat is added
Q f mL f Qv mLv
heat of vaporization heat of fusion
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General Physics Review Question 57 When a substance goes directly from a solid state to a gaseous form, the process is known as 1. vaporization 2. evaporization 3. condensation 4. sublimation 5. deposition
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