Advanced wordlist: English to Spanish Lesson English word no.
Spanish Español
Example sentence
a
8A
absorb
absorber
Plants absorb carbon dioxide.
a
10B
absorption
absorción
Some poisonous gases can enter the body by absorption through the skin.
a
2A
academic
académico / a
academic subjects/qualifications/books
a
10B
academy
academia
a military/police academy
a
7B
acceptable
aceptable
This kind of attitude is simply not acceptable.
a
5C
accepted
aceptado / a
The idea is not accepted (= approved of) in political circles.
a
3A
accolade
reconocimiento
This is his centennial year and he's been granted the ultimate accolade - his face on a set of three postage stamps.
a
6B
accumulation
acumulación
a
7B
accurately
rigurosamente
a
5C
achievement
éxito/logro
Despite this accumulation of evidence, the Government persisted in doing nothing. The plans should be drawn as accurately as possible, showing all the measurements. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.
a
4B
acquire
adquirir
As people grow older, their faces acquire more character.
a
7B
activate
activar
The alarm is activated by the lightest pressure.
a
1B
add up
significar
It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.
a
7B
addition
además
In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
a
9B
additive-free
sin aditivos
additive-free food
a
5A
admirer
admirador
She's got plenty of admirers.
a
6B
adopt
adoptar
I think it's time to adopt a different strategy in my dealings with him.
a
2B
adorable
adorable
She has the most adorable two-year-old girl.
a
8B
adrenaline
adrenalina
a
10C
advanced
avanzado / a
These arguments always get my adrenaline going (= make me excited or angry). an advanced English course
a
6A
advancement
ascenso
All she was interested in was the advancement of her own career.
a
6B
advertiser
anunciante
a
8A
advisor
asesor
Whilst claiming to promote positive images of women, advertisers are in fact doing the very opposite. She is the party's main economic advisor.
a
10A
aeroplane
avión
She has her own private aeroplane.
a
2A
affectionate
afectuoso / a
He's an affectionate little boy.
a
9A
affluence
opulencia/riqueza
a
9C
against
contra
What we are seeing increasingly is a society of private affluence and public squalor. She spoke against the decision to close the college.
a
9C
agriculture
agricultura
Agriculture is still largely based on traditional methods in some countries.
a
9C
aid
ayuda
a
10A
airborne
en el aire
The Vatican has agreed to donate $80 000 in humanitarian/emergency aid to countries affected by the war. The airborne radioactive particles have covered a huge area of Russia.
a
7C
alarm
alarma
If there's any trouble, raise/sound the alarm by pulling the emergency cord.
a
10A
alas
¡ay!
I love football but, alas, I have no talent as a player.
a
7A
alibi
coartada
He has a cast-iron alibi - he was in hospital the week of the murder.
a
8B
alive
vivo / a
He must be ninety if he's still alive.
a
7B
allege
alegar
The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.
a
5A
allegedly
según dice
That's where he allegedly killed his wife.
a
10A
allowance
dietas
a
1A
all-time
sin precedente
The perks of the job include a company pension scheme and a generous travel allowance. After three years of drought, the water in the lake had reached an all-time low.
a
10B
amateur
aficionado
This tennis tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.
a
3B
amaze
sorprender
It amazes me that she's got the energy for all those parties.
a
3A
amongst
entre
Relax, you're amongst friends.
a
6A
amusing
divertido / a
an amusing story/person/situation
a
1A
analysis
análisis
Chemical analysis revealed a high content of copper.
a
8B
ancestor
antepasado
There were portraits of his ancestors on the walls of the room.
a
8B
anger
rabia
a
10B
animation
animaciones
a
7A
ankle
tobillo
I think he feels a lot of anger towards his father who treated him very badly as a child. Encyclopaedias on CD-ROM include sound, illustrations and simple animations. I fell over and sprained/twisted my ankle.
a
1A
annoy
hacer enfadar
Tim really annoyed me in the meeting this morning.
a
6B
antagonise
enfadarse
It's a very delicate situation and I've no wish to antagonise him.
a
6A
anti-social
antisocial
anti-social behaviour
a
9B
anti-war
contra la guerra
an anti-war protest
a
10A
anxiously
ansiosamente
Tomorrow the children will receive their anxiously awaited presents.
a
4B
apparent
aparente
a
9B
appeal
atracción
I was on the metro this morning when for no apparent reason the man opposite suddenly screamed. Spielberg films have a wide appeal.
a
10A
applicant
candidato
How many applicants did you have for the job?
a
1A
appoint
nombrar
We've appointed three new teachers this year.
a
9C
apprenticeship
aprendizaje
I started my apprenticeship last year.
a
8B
architecture
arquitectura
Roman architecture
a
6A
archive
archivo
archive film/footage/material
a
6C
arrange
arreglar
She's arranged for her son to have swimming lessons.
a
10A
arrival
llegada
Hundreds gathered to await the boxer's arrival at the airport.
a
9A
as opposed to
en lugar de
I'd prefer to go on holiday in May, as opposed to September.
a
3A
aspect
aspecto
Which aspects of the job do you most enjoy?
a
3B
associate
asociar
Most people associate this brand with good quality.
a
3A
astonish
asombrar
What astonished me was that he didn't seem to mind.
a
2A
astounding
sorprendente
an astounding fact/decision/revelation
a
4B
astronaut
astronauta
When I was young, I wanted to be an astronaut.
a
3C
athletic
atlético / a
She looks very athletic.
a
2A
atlas
atlas
an atlas of the world
a
8A
atmospheric
atmosférico
Plants are the main source of atmospheric oxygen.
a
6C
attend
asistir
Over two hundred people attended the funeral.
a
2A
autistic
autista
One child in 5 000 is autistic.
a
4C
avert
evitar
to avert a crisis/conflict/strike/famine
a
4A
aviation
aviación
the British Civil Aviation Authority
b
2B
backwater
remanso de agua
We tied the boat up in a quiet backwater overnight.
b
8B
bang
ruido fuerte
The window slammed shut with a loud bang.
b
9A
bank account
cuenta bancaria
How much money do you have in your bank account?
b
9B
banker
banquero / a
She was a successful banker by the time she was forty.
b
9B
banking
banca
international banking
b
10B
Barbie doll
muñeca Barbie
I often played with Barbie dolls when I was young.
b
1B
barely
apenas
After paying for our travel costs, we barely broke even.
b
4B
base on
basado / a en
The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
b
1B
basis
régimen
b
6A
basket
cesto
Most of our staff work for us on a voluntary basis (= They work without being paid). a shopping/picnic basket
b
10A
BC
A.C. ( antes de Cristo)
The Battle of Actium took place in 31 BC.
b
2B
beard
barba
a flowing white beard
b
6C
beckon
llamar haciendo señas para que alguien se acerque
The customs official beckoned the woman to his counter.
b
2A
belief
confianza
b
2A
bellow
grito agudo/bramido
Recent revelations about corruption have shaken many people's belief in (= caused people to have doubts about) the police. He gave a bellow of rage.
b
4C
belly
parte de abajo (fuselaje de un avión )
The belly of the aircraft was painted red.
b
9C
benefit
beneficiarse de
I feel that I have benefited greatly from her wisdom.
b
10C
benefit
beneficio
The discovery of oil brought many benefits to the town.
b
1C
besides
además
She won't mind your being late besides, it's hardly your fault.
b
2A
bespectacled
con gafas
a small, bespectacled man in a drab suit
b
6C
better-
más
She is better-looking (= more attractive) than her brother.
b
3A
beyond
más alla
She is, beyond question, the best actress of her generation.
b
1A
bicker
discutir
Will you two stop bickering!
b
6B
billboard
valla publicitaria
an advertising billboard
b
7B
biometric
biométrico / a
biometric data
b
3A
bitterly
con resentimiento
He was bitterly disappointed not to get the job.
b
9C
bleak
pesimista
The economic outlook is bleak.
b
6C
blissful
feliz
a blissful childhood/holiday
b
1A
blissfully
dichosamente
They seemed blissfully happy.
b
3B
blocked (up)
tapado / a
I've got a blocked (up) nose.
b
3A
bluff
farolear
Is he going to jump or is he only bluffing?
b
6C
board room
junta directiva
Let's meet in the board room.
b
5C
bonus
bono
a productivity bonus
b
10C
booklet
folleto
I always write my shopping lists in a booklet.
b
1C
boot
maletero
My suitcase is in the boot of my car.
b
1C
bore
aburrir
"Am I boring you?" she asked anxiously.
b
6A
boundary
frontera/límites
b
9A
brake
freno
Electronic publishing is blurring the boundaries between dictionaries and encyclopedias. She had no brakes on her bicycle.
b
9B
branding
marca
The successful branding and marketing of the new beer has already boosted sales and increased profits.
b
4C
brash
presuntuoso/vulgar/ chillona
Don't you think that suit's a bit brash for a funeral?
b
7B
break-up
ruptura
Long separations had contributed to their marriage break-up.
b
2B
breath-taking
impresionante
a breath-taking view
b
7A
bright-coloured
color vivo
We've just bought a new bright-coloured rug for the living room.
b
2A
brilliance
brillantez
Her first novel showed signs of brilliance.
b
1B
broadly
en términos generales
Broadly speaking, don't you think women make better drivers than men?
b
4C
broadsheet
diario serio / respetable
b
2A
bubble
burbuja
In Britain, the broadsheets are generally believed to be more serious than the tabloids. As water begins to boil, bubbles rise ever faster to the surface.
b
4A
bug
pinchado / a
b
5A
bulk
grueso
b
6C
burly
robusto / a
b
4B
bustle
bullicio
b
2C
bustling
b
1A
butt in
b
10B
buyer
comprador
He's still looking for a buyer for his house.
b
6B
buzz
expectación
His new album is creating a real buzz in the music world.
c
2B
cabin
cabaña
a log cabin
c
6C
cajole
convencer con artimañas
He really knows how to cajole people into doing what he wants.
c
2B
canal
canal
c
4B
cancerous
canceroso / a
The Panama Canal provides a crucial shipping link between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. a cancerous growth/tumour
c
8A
candidate
candidato
There are three candidates standing in the election.
c
5A
'can-do' attitude
actitud positiva
Her 'can-do' attitude is what made her our choice for the job.
She suspected that her phone had been bugged (= that a listening device had been hidden inside it). In fact, the bulk of the book is taken up with criticizing other works. a burly policeman
I sat in a café watching the (hustle and) bustle (= busy activity) of the street outside. animado / a This used to be a bustling town but a lot of people have moved away over recent years. interrumpir alguien que habla Norma always butts in when we're talking.
c
2B
canoe
canoa
We travelled in a canoe.
c
6B
capsule
cápsula
The liquid is contained within a small capsule.
c
4C
Capt
capitán
Capt Walter Raleigh
c
10B
captain
capitán
It's unusual to have a goalkeeper as (the) captain of a football team.
c
5A
captivate
cautivar
With her beauty and charm, she captivated film audiences everywhere.
c
9C
career path
camino profesional
How can I find a new career path?
c
9B
cash-free
sin billetes ni monedas
a cash-free society
c
1A
cashier
cajero
I smiled at the cashier and gave her my credit card.
c
9A
cast-offs
segunda mano/ ropa vieja/deshechada
I always had to wear my sister's castoffs as a child.
c
4C
catastrophe
catástrofe
They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come.
c
6B
catchphrase
eslogan
Advertising campaigns often use catchphrases.
c
2B
cathedral
catedral
Salisbury Cathedral
c
7A
cattle
ganado
beef/dairy cattle
c
3A
cautious
prudente
He's a cautious driver.
c
7B
CCTV
de seguridad (circuito cerrado)
CCTV cameras
c
6C
celebration
celebración
There were lively New Year celebrations all over town.
c
4B
cell
célula
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.
c
7B
centralise
centralizar
c
5B
cerebral palsy
parálisis cerebral
Payment of bills is now centralized (= organized at one place instead of several). He suffers from cerebral palsy.
c
5B
champion
campeón
an Olympic champion
c
2B
channel
canal
a cable/terrestrial channel
c
2B
chaotic
caótico / a
c
5C
chap
tipo
The house is a bit chaotic at the moment - we've got all these extra people staying and we're still decorating. He's a friendly sort of a chap.
c
6B
charitable
benéfico / a
a charitable foundation/organization/trust
c
6A
charming
encantador / a
We had dinner with our director and his charming wife.
c
6B
chart
gráfica
We need some sort of graph on which we can chart our progress.
c
1A
chatty
hablador / a
My manager said I am too chatty at work.
c
5C
checkout
caja
Your fruit and vegetables will be weighed at the checkout.
c
9B
checkup
revisión
She goes to her doctor for regular checkups.
c
3B
cheer up
animarse
She was ill so I sent her some flowers to cheer her up.
c
1A
cheerful
alegre
He's usually fairly cheerful.
c
9B
chip
chip
a silicon chip
c
8B
chisel
esculpir
She chiselled a figure out of the marble.
c
4B
cholera
cólera
Hundreds died of cholera.
c
2B
chuck
tirar
Chuck it over there/into the corner.
c
10B
circuit
circuito
They first met each other on the tennis circuit.
c
4C
circulation
circulación
The paper has a circulation of 150 000.
c
4B
circumstance
circunstancia
c
7A
citizen
ciudadano
c
10A
civilisation
civilización
Obviously we can't deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances. The interests of British citizens living abroad are protected by the British Embassy. Cuzco was the centre of one of the world's most famous civilizations, that of the Incas.
c
4A
civilised
civilizado / a
A fair justice system is a fundamental part of a civilised society.
c
8A
clearing up
orden y limpieza
Could you help me with the clearing up?
c
10A
clearly
claramente
The accident was clearly the lorry driver's fault.
c
2A
cleverest
la más inteligente
She is the cleverest student in the class.
c
9C
climbing
montañismo
Chris has just taken up climbing.
c
7B
closely
de cerca
Please examine this information closely.
c
9B
closure
cierre
factory/branch closures
c
2B
clumsy
patoso / a
That's the third glass you've smashed this week, - you're so clumsy!
c
2B
cluster
grupo
Have a look at the cluster of galaxies in this photograph.
c
2C
coastal
costera
a coastal town
c
2B
coconut milk
leche de coco
This curry contains coconut milk.
c
4B
coin
moneda
a 10p/ten pence coin
c
7C
coincidence
coincidencia
You chose exactly the same wallpaper as us - what a coincidence!
c
3B
colourful
de colores vivos
a colourful painting
c
4B
commerce
comercio
the world of commerce and industry
c
6B
commercial
anuncio publicitario
a commercial break
c
1B
commitment
compromiso
her commitment to left-wing politics/the cause of feminism/the company
c
10C
communicator
comunicador
Obviously teachers have to be good communicators.
c
9B
community-led
conducido por la comunidad
a community-led approach
c
9B
companion
compañero
The dog has been her constant companion these past ten years.
c
9C
computerised
informatizado
The whole system is computerised.
c
5C
concede
admitir
The Government has conceded (that) the new tax policy has been a disaster.
c
5A
concentrate
concentrar
Come on, concentrate! We haven't got all day to do this.
c
3A
conclude
finalizar
She concluded the speech by reminding us of our responsibility.
c
6C
confession
confesión
I've got a bit of a confession to make I've lost that book you lent me.
c
1B
confidant
confidente
a close confidant
c
1B
confide
confiar
She's nice, but I don't feel I can confide in her.
c
8B
confidently
seguro / a
Try to act confidently, even if you feel nervous.
c
10A
conflict
conflicto
We wish to avoid conflict between our countries if at all possible.
c
7A
confront
afrontar
c
2A
confusing
confuso / a
It's an issue we'll have to confront at some point, no matter how unpleasant it is. The transition from boyhood to manhood can be a confusing period.
c
7B
congestion
congestión
The (traffic) congestion in the city gets even worse during the summer.
c
8A
conscience
conciencia
a guilty conscience
c
3A
consciously
conscientemente
I don't think she's consciously rude to people - it's just her manner.
c
9C
consequently
como consecuencia
c
9B
considerable
considerable
I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat by the end of the holiday. The fire caused considerable damage to the church.
c
1A
constantly
constantemente
He's constantly changing his mind.
c
1A
consumer
consumidor
The new telephone rates will affect all consumers including businesses.
c
8A
consumption
consumo
As a nation, our consumption of junk food is horrifying.
c
8C
contact lens
lentillas
I usually wear contact lenses, but I sometimes wear glasses when my eyes are tired.
c
9B
contactless-payment pago sin necesidad de contacto
contactless-payment systems
c
2B
contemporary
comtemporáneo / a
contemporary music/literature/art/fashion
c
2C
contribute
contribuir
Smoking contributed to his early death.
c
7B
contribution
aportación
c
10C
conversational
oratoria
She didn't make much of a contribution (= She did not say much) at today's meeting, did she? He seems to lack basic conversational skills.
c
7A
convict
convicto
an escaped convict
c
1C
convinced
convencido / a
My boyfriend says I'd enjoy a walking holiday, but I'm not convinced.
c
10C
convincing
convincente
a convincing argument/explanation
c
7B
cookie
cookie
I deleted all the cookies from my computer.
c
7B
co-operation
cooperación
This documentary was made with the cooperation of British Rail.
c
5B
coordinate
coordinar
Cerebral palsy affects the sufferer's ability to coordinate body movements.
c
6B
copywriter
redactor de material publicitario
We are advertising for a new copywriter.
c
6C
copywriting
derechos de autor
a copywriting course
c
6A
corridor
pasillo
Her office is at the end of the corridor.
c
9A
cost of living
coste de vida
The increase in interest rates will raise the cost of living.
c
1C
costs
gastos
We need to cut our advertising costs.
c
4A
costume drama
novela de época
I love watching costume dramas on TV.
c
3A
couch
sofá
She sat down on the couch.
c
5C
counter-argument
contraargumento
He came up with an excellent counterargument.
c
5A
counter-attack
contraataque
The rebels have launched a strong counter-attack against the government forces.
c
5A
counterbalance
contrapeso
Her calm nature served as a natural counterbalance to his excitable personality. They showed great courage when they found out about their baby's disability.
c
9A
courage
valentía
c
8B
courageous
valiente
c
8B
courageously
valientemente
c
7A
coursework
trabajo realizado durante el curso
Have you finished your coursework yet?
c
5A
courtier
cortesano
Many of the courtiers were upset by the princess's resistance to tradition.
c
4A
coverage
cobertura
What did you think of the BBC's election coverage?
c
6A
cow
vaca
a dairy cow
c
9A
coward
cobarde
c
8B
cowardly
cobarde
They branded her a coward for informing on her colleagues during the interrogation. This was a particularly brutal and cowardly attack.
c
4C
crash-land
aterrizaje forzoso
The jet crash-landed and burst into flames.
c
8B
crave
deseo (de ser el centro de atención)
Many young children crave attention.
c
4B
creature
animal/criatura
Rain forests are filled with amazing creatures.
c
5C
crèche
guardería
Does your employer provide a crèche?
c
4C
crisp
incisivo / a
a crisp reply
c
7A
crop
cosecha
The main crops grown for export are coffee and rice.
c
7A
cross-country
campo a través
cross-country skiing/running
c
1C
crow
cuervo
My girlfriend is scared of birds, especially crows.
c
1C
crowd
grupo
She goes about with a friendly crowd.
c
8B
crunch
crujir
The gravel crunched underfoot as we walked up to the house.
It was a courageous decision to resign in protest at the company's pollution record. She behaved very courageously during the incident.
c
6A
cunningly
astutamente
He behaved very cunningly.
c
8C
curious
curioso / a
I was curious to know what would happen next.
c
9A
current
actual
Have you seen the current issue of Vogue magazine?
c
5B
curriculum
curriculum
the school curriculum
c
2B
curry
curry
a hot curry
c
10A
cyclone
ciclón
We were caught in a cyclone.
c
6B
cynical
cínico / a
I've always been deeply cynical about politicians.
d
10B
(be) down to
reducirse a
It's all down to money.
d
10C
daddy
papá
Mummy and Daddy are taking me to the circus on Saturday.
d
6C
dance-floor
pista de baile
Have you seen him on the dance-floor (= dancing)?
d
1C
data
datos
The data was/were collected by various researchers.
d
5C
dead-end job
sin futuro
I am planning to escape from my deadend job.
d
9B
debit card
tarjeta de débito
I paid with my debit card.
d
5B
debut album
primer album
His debut album was released in January 2008.
d
10A
decade
década
The country has experienced two decades of growth.
d
6C
deceive
engañar
The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.
d
6A
decidedly
sin duda
An agreement is looking decidedly difficult according to the newspapers.
d
9C
decline
declive
industrial decline
d
6B
deed
acciones
It seems to me that a lot of evil deeds are done in the name of religion.
d
9C
deeply
profundamente
I'm deeply grateful to you.
d
4A
defendant
acusado
The jury concluded from the evidence that the defendant was innocent.
d
7C
defensive
defensivo / a
The merest hint of criticism makes him defensive.
d
2A
deficiency
deficiencia
Pregnant women often suffer from iron deficiency.
d
2A
deficient
carente
A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.
d
7B
delay
retraso
There has been a delay in the book's publication.
d
2B
delightful
encantador / a
His sister is a delightful girl.
d
1A
demand
demanda
There was little demand for tickets.
d
8C
demonstrate
demostrar
d
9A
dental
dental
These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country. dental decay/treatment
d
10A
dependent
depender de
It's very easy to become dependent on sleeping pills.
d
3A
depressing
deprimente
I find this weather so depressing.
d
3B
depression
depresión
I was overwhelmed by feelings of depression.
d
1B
depth
profundidad
the depth of a lake/pond
d
6B
despise
odiar
The two groups despise each other.
d
8B
despondent
desanimado / a
d
4C
detach
desprender/separar
He became/grew increasingly despondent when she failed to return his phone calls. You can detach the hood if you prefer the coat without it.
d
10B
determination
determinación
a man of fierce/ruthless determination
d
5A
detract from
restar importancia
All that make-up she wears actually detracts from her beauty, I think.
d
8A
devastating
devastador / a
d
4B
development
desarrollo
If the bomb had exploded in the main shopping area, it would have been devastating. Technological developments have changed the shape of industry.
d
2A
developmentally
trastornos en el desarrollo
developmentally disabled
d
4A
device
aparato
d
10B
devote
dedicar
Rescuers used a special device for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings. She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.
d
4B
diagnostic
diagnóstico
diagnostic techniques/tests
d
8A
direct-debit
domiciliación del pago
I pay my electricity bill by direct debit.
d
8A
directly
directamente
I'm not directly involved in the project.
d
2A
directory
directorio
Look up their number in the telephone directory.
d
2A
disabled
minusválido
The accident left him severely disabled.
d
1A
disabled space
aparcamiento para minusválidos
If you have a disabled badge in your car, you can park in a disabled space.
d
6A
disaffected
insatisfecho / a
The party needs to take steps to attract disaffected voters.
d
8B
disapprove
no estar de acuerdo
d
6C
disastrous
desastroso /a
The survey showed that 32% of respondents approve, 54% disapprove and the rest are undecided. Such a war would be disastrous for the country.
d
3C
discount
descuento
They usually give you a discount if you buy multiple copies.
d
9C
discrimination
discriminación
racial/sex discrimination
d
8B
disgust
indignación
She walked out in disgust.
d
8B
disgusted
indignada / o
She was disgusted at the way they treated their children.
d
6B
dislike
no gustar
I dislike walking and I hate the countryside.
d
9A
disposable
disponible
disposable income
d
9B
dispute
negar
Few would dispute his status as the finest artist of the period.
d
9B
disruptive
negativo / a
His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive influence in class.
d
4C
distinction
distinción
There's a clear distinction between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
d
6A
distinctly
claramente
She looks distinctly fitter these days.
d
7A
distinguishing
distintivo / a
The main distinguishing feature of the new car is its fast acceleration.
d
10B
distraction
distracción
I can turn the television off if you find it a distraction.
d
3A
distress
ansiedad
She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.
d
2A
distribute
distribuir
Their teacher distributed a review for the exam.
d
4A
district
distrito
South Cambridgeshire District Council
d
8B
disturbance
molestias
Residents are fed up with the disturbance caused by the nightclub.
d
2C
diverse
diverso / a
d
2C
diversity
diversidad
d
7A
DNA
ADN
Linguistics embraces a diverse range of subjects such as phonetics and stylistics. Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country? DNA research
d
7B
documentation
documentación
d
3A
dominate
dominar
d
8A
doorstep
umbral de la puerta
There's a lovely park right on our doorstep.
d
4C
downmarket
barato y de baja calidad
a downmarket tabloid newspaper
d
7B
downpour
aguacero
a torrential downpour
d
8B
downstairs
abajo
I went downstairs to answer the phone.
d
10B
down-to-earth
realista
She's a down-to-earth sort of woman with no pretensions.
d
6C
drag
arrastrar
Pick the chair up instead of dragging it behind you!
d
5B
dressage
adiestramiento de caballos
a dressage competition
Passengers without proper documentation will not be allowed to travel. He refuses to let others speak and dominates every meeting.
d
10B
driving range
recinto para practicar golf
I often practise my golf swing at the driving range.
d
5A
drudgery
trabajo pesado y monótono
the drudgery of housework
d
2A
dub
apodar
She was dubbed by the newspapers 'The Angel of Death'.
d
5C
dubious
sospechoso / a
I'm dubious about his promises to change his ways.
d
6A
duck
pato
Let's go and feed the ducks.
e
9A
e.g.
ejemplo
e
4B
earthling
terrícola
e
7B
earthquake
terremoto
You should eat more food that contains a lot of fibre, e.g. fruit, vegetables and bread. The film tells the story of a group of aliens who come to Earth to study earthlings. In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San Francisco.
e
8A
ease
tranquilizar
If it will ease your mind, I'll have a word with Charlotte for you.
e
8A
east
este
Cambridge is in East Anglia.
e
10A
ebb away
disminuir
He could feel his strength ebbing away.
e
9B
e-cash
dinero electrónico
I paid with e-cash.
e
8A
eco-audit
auditoria ambiental
Our company is carrying out an ecoaudit.
e
7A
ecology
ecología
The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile ecology of the coast.
e
3C
economical
no decir toda ( la verdad)
I was being economical with the truth.
e
10A
economics
económicas
She's in her third year of economics at York university.
e
9A
economy
economía
the global economy
e
6B
effectiveness
eficacia
e
8A
election
elecciones
There are doubts about the effectiveness of the new drug in treating the disease. The Government is expected to call an election very soon.
e
10A
element
indicio
There was certainly an element of truth in what she said.
e
10C
elementary
elemental
I have an elementary knowledge of physics.
e
9B
eliminate
eliminar
A move towards healthy eating could help eliminate heart disease.
e
9B
embedded
clavado / a
The thorn was embedded in her thumb.
e
8A
emission
emisión
The increased use of natural gas will help reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
e
8B
emotion
sentimientos
Like a lot of men, he finds it hard to express his emotions.
e
2A
emotional
emocional
a child's emotional development
e
2B
enchanting
mágico / a
It's described in the guide book as 'an enchanting medieval city'.
e
10B
encouragement
ánimo
Children need lots of encouragement from their parents.
e
7B
enforce
imponer
It isn't always easy for the police to enforce speed limits.
e
4B
engine
motor
a jet engine
e
5B
enrol
matricularse en
I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.
e
1C
ensure
asegurar
The role of the police is to ensure (that) the law is obeyed.
e
3C
enthuse
entusiasmado / a
He was enthusing over a wonderful restaurant he'd been to.
e
1C
entirely
completamente
I admit it was entirely my fault.
e
8A
environmentalist
ecologista
The expansion plans will face fierce resistance from environmentalists.
e
8A
environmentally
ecológico
environmentally-friendly washing powder
e
10A
epitomise
personificar
e
10A
equine
equina
With little equipment and unsuitable footwear, she epitomises the inexperienced and unprepared mountain walker. equine flu
e
9B
error
error
The letter contains a number of typing errors.
e
8A
eruption
erupción
a volcanic eruption
e
10A
escalator
escaleras automáticas
I'll meet you by the up/down escalator on the second floor.
e
6B
essay
disertación
For homework I want you to write an essay on endangered species.
e
4C
evacuate
evacuar
A thousand people were evacuated from their homes following the floods.
e
8A
ever(-)
constante
e
1B
everyday
cotidiana
The ever-increasing demand for private cars could be halted by more investment in public transport. the everyday lives of ordinary Russian citizens
e
7A
ex-
ex
ex-prisoner
e
4B
exasperating
exasperante
It's so exasperating when he won't listen to a word that I say.
e
5B
exceptional
excepcional
exceptional powers of concentration
e
10B
exceptionally
excepcional
an exceptionally fine portrait
e
7B
exemption
exención
e
3A
exhilaration
alegría
Candidates with a qualification in Chemistry have exemption from this course. I had a fantastic feeling of exhilaration when I won the race.
e
6A
exit
salida
a fire exit
e
2B
exotic
exótico / a
exotic flowers/food/designs
e
1A
expect
esperar
He didn't expect to see me.
e
8C
expectation
expectativa
She could never measure up to her mother's expectations.
e
6C
expensive-looking
aspecto caro / a
an expensive-looking ring
e
3A
experiment
experimento
Some people believe that experiments on animals should be banned.
e
6B
experimentation
experimento
Extensive experimentation (= testing) is needed before new drugs can be sold.
e
10C
expertise
habilidad
We admired the expertise with which he prepared the meal.
e
9C
explanation
explicación
Could you give me a quick explanation of how it works?
e
4B
exploration
exploración
Livingstone was the first European to make an exploration of the Zambezi river. to explore space
e
2C
explore
explorar
e
6B
expose
estar expuesto / a
About 800,000 children are exposed to poisons each year.
e
6A
extensive
extenso / a
extensive repairs to the motorway
e
4A
extraordinary
increíble
He told the extraordinary story of his escape.
e
9A
extravagance
extravagancia
I think she was shocked by my extravagance.
e
3A
extravagant
extravagante
the extravagant lifestyle of a movie star
e
9C
eye test
revisión de la vista
Could I book an eye test please?
e
2B
eye-mask
antifaz
I always wear an eye-mask in bed.
f
6A
facial
facial
facial hair
f
4A
fact-based
basado / a en hechos reales
a fact-based novel
f
10A
failure
fracaso
The meeting was a complete/total failure.
f
2C
fairytale
cuento de hadas
They had a fairytale wedding.
f
9C
faithfully
atentamente
Yours faithfully
f
7C
falling
caida
falling birth/interest rates
f
10B
fame
fama
She first rose to fame as a singer at the age of 16.
f
3C
fanatic
fanático / a
a fitness/film fanatic
f
8B
fantastic
estupendo / a
You look fantastic in that dress.
f
8B
fantasy
fantasía
Steve's favourite fantasy was to own a big house and a flashy car.
f
10A
far-flung
extenso
The news spread to all corners of our far-flung empire.
f
8A
far-reaching
gran alcance
These new laws will have far-reaching benefits for all working mothers.
f
10A
fascinate
fascinar
Science has always fascinated me.
f
9B
fashion-conscious
seguidor de la moda
your average fashion-conscious teenager
f
10C
fast track
camino rápido
A degree in computer science offers a fast track to the top.
f
8B
fear-avoider
persona que evita situaciones de miedo
He never takes risks because he is a fear-avoider.
f
8A
federal law
ley federal
They were charged with violating federal law.
f
6A
feedback
comentario/reacción
Have you had any feedback from customers about the new soap?
f
9A
feel good factor
sensación de bienestar
The feel good factor persists despite the current economic problems.
f
7A
ferry
transbordador/ferry
a car ferry
f
5A
fetch
alcanzar
f
7A
fibre
fibra
Could you fetch me my glasses/fetch my glasses for me from the other room, please? The fibres are woven into fabric.
f
8A
fight
luchar
We need the public's help in fighting crime.
f
9B
finance
finanzas
corporate/personal/public finance
f
7C
financially
económicamente
The project is not financially viable.
f
7B
fingerprint
huella digital
His fingerprints were all over the gun.
f
3A
finicky
minucioso / a
Repairing watches must be a very finicky job.
f
3A
finishing line
meta
f
2A
firmly
firmemente
The winner crossed the finishing line 9 seconds before the second-placed runner. We are firmly committed to reducing unemployment.
f
1A
fishcake
pescado rebozado
Fishcakes are on the menu today.
f
10B
fitness
buen estado físico
I'm trying to improve my fitness by cycling to work.
f
7A
fjord
fiordo
the Norwegian fjords
f
5A
flash
brillar
The lightning flashed and distant thunder rolled.
f
9A
flat screen
pantalla plana
a flat screen television
f
8B
flattering
favorecedor / a
a flattering photograph
f
2A
flit
saltar (de una cosa a otra)
Sara finds it very difficult to settle - she's always flitting from one thing to another.
f
10A
flock
rebaño
a flock of sheep/goats/geese
f
2B
flooding
inundaciones
Some roads have been closed because of flooding.
f
7A
flour
harina
Thicken the sauce with a little flour.
f
6C
flow
corriente
the flow of ideas/information
f
9A
flying
volar
Annette's scared of flying.
f
5B
focus
foco
f
8A
focus
concentrarse
f
2B
footstep
paso
The main focus of interest at the fashion show was Christian Lacroix's outrageous evening wear. Tonight's programme focuses on the way that homelessness affects the young. Walking along the darkened street, he heard footsteps close behind him.
f
4A
forbid
prohibir
The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.
f
8C
forcefully
enérgicamente
f
2B
forehead
frente
He argued forcefully that stricter laws were necessary to deal with the problem. She wiped the beads of sweat from her forehead.
f
7A
forensic
forense
forensic evidence/medicine/science
f
4B
forerunner
precursor
f
7A
forest
bosque
Germany's Green party was said to be the forerunner of environmental parties throughout Europe. the Black Forest
f
6B
forgivable
perdonable
a forgivable mistake
f
5C
forgive
perdonar
I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me for getting her name wrong that time. The format of the magazine has changed.
f
4C
format
formato
f
4A
formula
fórmula
There's no magic formula for success.
f
9A
foundation
fundación
the British Heart Foundation
f
10A
four-month
cuatro meses
a four-month course
f
7A
fragment
fragmento
The road was covered with fragments of glass from the shattered window.
f
8C
frankly
francamente
Frankly, I think this whole situation is ridiculous.
f
7A
fraudster
estafador
f
10C
free-flowing
fluir libremente
New measures are needed to prevent fraudsters opening bank accounts with stolen cheques. a free-flowing river
f
7C
freeze
congelar
Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0°C.
f
1A
friendliness
simpatía
Serena is very popular because of her friendliness.
f
1B
friendship
amistad
Their friendship goes back to when they were at school together.
f
1C
frighten
espantar/asustar
He frightens me when he drives so fast.
f
6C
frown
fruncir el ceño
She frowned at me, clearly annoyed.
f
6C
fry
freir
Fry the mushrooms in a little butter.
f
9A
fulfilment
sentirse realizado / a
She finally found fulfilment in motherhood.
f
6B
fundraising
recaudación de fondos
The summer fête will be the school's main fundraising event this year.
f
1B
funnily enough
curiosamente
I have met him, funnily enough.
f
10A
further
más lejos
It was much further to the town centre than I remembered.
f
6A
furthermore
además
I suggest we use Barkers as our main suppliers - they're good and furthermore they're cheap.
f
3C
fussy
recargado / a
They've got those curtains that tie up with big bows - they're a bit fussy for my taste. kitchen gadgets
g
4B
gadget
aparato
g
1C
gain
obtener
What do you hope to gain from the course?
g
2A
gait
paso/manera de caminar
He walked with a slow stiff gait.
g
9B
games console
consola de juegos
Do you have a games console?
g
5A
gatekeeper
portero
social gatekeepers
g
4B
gaze
comtemplar
Annette gazed admiringly at Warren as he spoke.
g
4B
geek
persona peculiar
He's such a geek.
g
9C
gender
sexo
I think both genders are capable of looking after children.
g
2A
generate
crear
The new development will generate 1500 new jobs.
g
2A
genius
genio
(an) artistic/creative/musical genius
g
10B
gentle
suave
a gentle wind
g
5A
genuine
auténtico / a
g
1A
genuinely
sinceramente
Machiko looked at me in genuine surprise - "Are you really going?" she said. I'm genuinely sorry for what I said, I really am.
g
7B
get-together
reunión
a family get-together
g
8B
ghost story
historia de fantasmas
Sarah doesn't like ghost stories.
g
10B
gift
don
He has a gift for languages.
g
10B
gifted
dotado / a
a gifted dancer/musician
g
10B
give up
dejar de
I've given up trying to help her.
g
5A
glamour
encanto
Who can resist the glamour of Hollywood?
g
2B
glide
deslizar
The boat glided silently across the lake.
g
2C
glimpse
ver fugazmente
I only caught a fleeting glimpse of the driver of the getaway car, but I doubt I would recognize her if I saw her again.
g
6C
gloat
deleitarse con algo
She's continually gloating over/about her new job.
g
9C
gloomy
pesimista
a gloomy economic forecast
g
4A
glossy
ilustrado
a glossy magazine
g
10B
God-given
dado por Dios
She has a God-given talent as a painter.
g
10A
gold rush
fiebre del oro
He became rich during the gold rush.
g
6B
golden
dorado / a
the golden days of our youth
g
10B
golfer
jugador de golf
He's one of the highest-earning professional golfers in the world.
g
2A
Google
Google
Google is a popular Internet search engine.
g
4B
govern
regir
Prices of goods are governed by the cost of the raw materials, as well as by the cost of production and distribution.
g
1A
grab
arrebatar/agarrar
A mugger grabbed her handbag as she was walking across the park.
g
4B
grain
grano
grains of wheat/rice
g
8B
grandma
abuela
My grandma is in her eighties.
g
8B
grandpa
abuelo
My grandpa is getting old and can't hear very well.
g
4C
grassy
cubierto / a de césped
a grassy slope/hillside
g
9B
grave
fosa ( común )
a mass grave
g
10C
gregarious
alegre
Emma's a gregarious, outgoing sort of person.
g
9B
grip
dominio
Rebels have tightened their grip on the city.
g
1A
gritted
apretar
gritted teeth
g
9B
groceries
comestibles
Could you buy some groceries for me?
g
8C
gross
grave
a gross violation of justice
g
7B
grounds
alegando que
He refused to answer on the grounds that she was unfairly dismissed.
g
9A
growing
creciente
There is a growing awareness of the seriousness of this disease.
g
9C
growth
crecimiento
economic growth
g
1A
grumble
quejarse
She spent the evening grumbling to me about her job.
g
3A
gullible
crédulo / a
g
10C
guru
gurú
There are any number of miracle cures on the market for people gullible enough to buy them. For the last decade she has acted as the president's economics guru.
g
6B
gush
emanar
Her arm gushed blood where the knife had gone in.
h
4B
habitat
habitat
h
3C
hairstyle
peinado
With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat. Do you like my new hairstyle?
h
6A
hallway
vestíbulo
I walked through the door and into the hallway.
h
2B
hammock
hamaca
He loved sleeping in his hammock.
h
7C
handbag
bolso
She took her hairbrush from her handbag and began to brush her hair.
h
10B
handicap
handicap
My current golf handicap is nine.
h
3C
handmade
hecho a mano
handmade chocolates/paper/shoes
h
9B
handset
auricular (teléfono)
The shop sells all the latest handsets.
h
2B
hang
colgarse
I hung from the window with my fingertips.
h
6A
hardly
apenas
I could hardly hear her at the back.
h
2B
healthcare
sanidad
Healthcare workers are some of the lowest paid people in the country.
h
9B
health-conscious
consciente de la salud
My wife is very health-conscious.
h
3C
hearing
oído
My father is quite old now and he's increasingly hard of hearing.
h
3C
heating
calefacción
Is the heating on?
h
6A
heel
tacón
high-heeled shoes
h
4A
height
pico (temporada alta)
August is the height of the tourist season.
h
6A
held
sustentado / a
firmly held beliefs
h
2A
hemisphere
hemisferio
The brain is divided into two hemispheres.
h
4B
herd
rebaño
a herd of cattle/elephants/goats
h
4C
heroic
heroico
My great grandfather was a heroic soldier.
h
1A
high street
calle principal
There's a new Italian restaurant opening on the high street.
h
8B
higher
superior
a higher calling
h
1A
highly
sumamente
a highly profitable line of products
h
9B
high-street
calle principal
There are signs of economic recovery in the high street.
h
10B
himself
él mismo
Any fool can teach himself to type.
h
6C
hiss
silbar
People in the audience were hissing their disapproval.
h
4B
historian
historiador
Her father was an eminent historian.
h
10A
historic
histórico / a
historic buildings
h
1B
hobby
pasatiempo
Ben's hobby is restoring vintage motorcycles.
h
10A
homing
instinto de volver a casa
Migrating birds and fish have a strong homing instinct.
h
4B
homo urbanus
hombre civilizado
Homo sapiens have become homo urbanus.
h
8C
honestly
honestamente
They have always dealt honestly and fairly with their customers.
h
6A
hooligan
gamberro
Hooligans had sprayed paint all over the car.
h
6A
hop
saltar
The rabbit/bird hopped across the grass.
h
10A
horseback
a caballo
police on horseback
h
5B
horse-riding
montar a caballo
I enjoyed horse-riding when I was young.
h
9A
hot-air balloon
globo aerostático
hot-air balloon flights
h
9C
housing
vivienda
There's a shortage of cheap housing in the region.
h
4B
hub
centro
The City of London is the hub of Britain's financial world.
h
2A
hug
abrazo
Come here and give me a big hug.
h
5A
humble
humilde
He's very humble about his success.
h
3C
hundred-year-old
centenario
There's a hundred-year-old tree in the garden.
h
8C
hunter
cazador
Animals in the cat family are hunters.
h
10A
husky
husky (perro)
The huskies pulled our sledge.
h
3B
hygiene
higiene
Poor standards of hygiene mean that the disease spreads fast.
h
6B
hype
despliegue/bombo publicitario
media hype
h
2B
hypnotic
hipnotizante/hipnótico / a
The beauty of the place was hypnotic.
i
7A
icicle
estalagtita
Icicles hung from the roof.
i
10A
iconic
icono
John Lennon gained iconic status following his death.
i
1C
icy
congelado / a
icy roads
i
3C
ideal
ideal
the ideal employer
i
9B
idealistic
idealista
i
7B
identification
identificación
When I was young and idealistic I believed it was possible to change the world. personal identification number
i
8C
identity
identidad
i
9B
idiot-proof
a prueba de idiotas
The man's identity was being kept secret while he was helping police with enquiries. an idiot-proof guide
i
7A
idyllic
idílico / a
an idyllic childhood/summer
i
9C
illegal
ilegal
a campaign to stop the illegal sale of cigarettes to children under 16
i
6A
illustrate
ilustrar
The lecturer illustrated his point with a diagram on the blackboard.
i
10C
image
imagen
television images of starving children
i
6B
image-conscious
consciente de la imagen
He's terribly image-conscious.
i
6B
imaginative
imaginativo / a
an imaginative new approach/policy
i
8B
imagine
imaginar
I've never heard her criticize you - I think you imagine it.
i
2A
immeasurable
inmenso / a
Her films had an immeasurable effect on a generation of Americans.
i
4A
immigrant
inmigrante
a large immigrant population
i
7A
impact
impacto
i
3A
impetuous
impetuoso / a
The anti-smoking campaign had had/made quite an impact on young people. He's so impetuous - why can't he think things over before he rushes into them?
i
7B
implant
implante
breast/heart valve implants
i
7B
implant
implantar
i
6C
imply
insinuar
The owner's name and address is stored on a microchip and implanted in the dog's body. Are you implying (that) I'm fat?
i
3A
impostor
impostor
He felt like an impostor among all those intelligent people, as if he had no right to be there.
i
2A
impractical
poco práctico / a
I love high heels but they're rather impractical.
i
1A
impressed
impresionado / a
I wasn't very impressed with the performance.
i
1A
impression
impresión
It makes/gives/creates a very bad impression if you're late for an interview.
i
4B
improvement
mejora
a slight improvement in the economy
i
4C
in tune
en sintonia
Much of his success comes from being in tune with what his customers want.
i
6A
inability
incapacidad
i
1C
inaccessible
inaccesible
Inability to use a computer is a serious disadvantage when you are applying for jobs. one of the most inaccessible places in the world
i
4B
Inc.
Sociedad Anónima
Bishop Computer Services Inc.
i
8A
incinerator
incineradora
a garbage/hazardous-waste incinerator
i
1B
include
incluir
The bill includes tax and service.
i
1B
increasingly
cada vez más
to be increasingly important/common
i
8C
indecision
indecisión
A moment's indecision when you've got the ball and you could lose the game.
i
1A
indication
indicio
Helen's face gave no indication of what she was thinking.
i
2B
inexpensive
barato / a
It's an inexpensive perfume.
i
10A
information superhighway
autopista de la información
The information superhighway extends throughout most of the world.
i
6B
informative
informativo / a
This is an interesting and highly informative book.
i
7A
informer
delator
Most police informers receive a reward for their information.
i
4B
infuriating
irritante
It's infuriating when people keep spelling your name wrong, isn't it?
i
7A
inhabitant
habitante
a city of 5 million inhabitants
i
5C
inheritance
herencia
The large inheritance from his aunt meant that he could buy his own boat.
i
1A
initially
al principio
Initially, most people approved of the new scheme.
i
4C
injury
lesión
a head/back/knee injury
i
1C
in-laws
suegros
My in-laws are coming for Christmas.
i
7A
inmate
residente
Women make up about 6 per cent of all inmates in the U.S.
i
4B
innovation
novedad
the latest innovations in computer technology
i
7A
innovative
innovador / a
innovative ideas/methods
i
7B
input
aportación
I didn't have much input into the project.
i
9B
input
introducir
I've spent the morning inputting data into the computer.
i
5C
inseparable
inseparable
When we were kids Zoe and I were inseparable.
i
1A
insincere
poco sincero /a
an insincere apology
i
10B
inspire
inspirar
His confident leadership inspired his followers.
i
9B
insurance
seguro
life/health/car/travel insurance
i
7C
insure
asegurado / a
All our household goods are insured against accidental damage.
i
9B
insurer
asegurador
Please contact your insurer if you have any inquiries.
i
7B
intake
número de admitidos
i
9C
intellectual
intelectual
i
4A
intellectually
intelectualmente
The teacher-training college has increased its intake of students by 50% this year. Looking after a baby at home all day is nice but it doesn't provide much intellectual stimulation. She's hoping to find a job which is more demanding intellectually.
i
5B
intend
tener la intención
We intend to go to Australia next year.
i
1B
intentionally
intencionadamente
I didn't ignore her intentionally - I just didn't recognize her.
i
10C
interact
relacionarse con
Dominique's teacher says that she interacts well with the other children.
i
5A
interaction
interacción
There's not enough interaction between the management and the workers.
i
9B
inter-city
interurbano
an inter-city train
i
1B
interest
interés
I've always had an interest in astronomy.
i
5A
interlocked
entrelazado / a
interlocked paving
i
8C
interpretation
interpretación
The dispute is based on two widely differing interpretations of the law.
i
1A
intervene
intervenir
i
2A
intimidating
intimidante
The Central Bank intervened in the currency markets today to try to stabilize the exchange rate. an intimidating array of weapons
i
2C
intriguing
intrigante
an intriguing possibility/question
i
7C
intruder
intruso
I feel like an intruder when I visit their home.
i
7B
intrusion
intromisión
i
6B
intrusive
indiscreto / a
They complained about excessive government intrusion into their legitimate activities. intrusive questioning
i
10C
intuitive
intuitivo / a
Men are often regarded as less intuitive than women.
i
10C
invariably
siempre
The train is invariably late.
i
8A
involved
implicado / a
emotionally/romantically involved
i
3A
inwardly
interiormente
He was inwardly relieved that the test was cancelled.
i
7B
iris
iris
iris recognition software
i
1B
irritate
irritar
After a while her behaviour really began to irritate me.
i
1A
-ish
casi (nuevo)
They have a four-bedroom house on a newish estate.
j
7C
(be) joined at the hip inseparable
j
7A
jail
They seem to be joined at the hip. prisión
the country's overcrowded jails
j
4C
jet
a reacción
a jet plane
j
8B
joy
alegría
They were filled with joy when their first child was born.
j
10B
judgment
criterio
to show good/sound/poor judgment
j
7A
justice
justicia
j
7B
justified
justificado / a
The justice system in this country consists of a series of law courts at different levels. I think you were quite justified in complaining.
j
5C
justify
justificar
I can't really justify taking another day off work.
k
1B
keep track
seguir los acontecimientos
k
1A
keep up
mantener el ritmo
My sister has had so many different jobs, I find it hard to keep track (of what she's doing). Supply of the goods is failing to keep up with demand.
k
3A
kicked-in-the-guts
patada en el estómago
I can clearly remember the kicked-in-theguts feeling I had when I lost my job.
k
7B
kick-off
inicio del partido
What time is the kick-off?
k
7A
kidnapper
secuestrador
The police have arrested the kidnapper.
k
7A
killer
asesino
Police are still hoping to find the dead woman's killer.
k
2A
kindly
amable
a kindly old lady
k
6A
kitten
gatito / a
I'm going to buy my daughter a kitten for her birthday.
k
7A
knives
cuchillos
In the car the police found guns, knives and other lethal weapons.
l
3A
lack
carecer
He just lacks a little confidence.
l
10C
lack
falta
Her only problem is lack of confidence.
l
6C
lad
chico
A group of young lads were standing outside the shop.
l
2B
lagoon
laguna
a tropical lagoon
l
7C
landlord
propietario
The landlord had promised to redecorate the bedrooms before we moved in.
l
7A
landscape
paisaje
a rural/barren landscape
l
5A
laundry
ropa sucia
I've got to do my laundry.
l
4A
lawsuit
litigio
Two of the directors have brought/filed a lawsuit against their former employer.
l
4C
layout
distribución
I like the layout of the house.
l
6B
leap
saltar
He leapt out of his car and ran towards the house.
l
6C
leap up
saltar
I leaped up to answer the phone.
l
10C
learner
aprendiz
He's a quick learner.
l
9C
leave aside
dejar a un lado
Leaving aside the question of cost, how many people do we need on the job?
l
4A
legally
legalmente
Children under sixteen are not legally allowed to buy cigarettes.
l
4A
legitimate
legítimo / a
He claimed that the restaurant bill was a legitimate business expense.
l
9A
leisure
ocio
leisure activities
l
4B
lengthen
alargar
There is a plan to lengthen the threeyear course to four years.
l
9C
less-developed
menos desarrollado
less-developed countries
l
4A
libel
difamación
She threatened to sue the magazine for libel.
l
2B
lick
lamer
He licked the chocolate off his fingers.
l
2A
lifespan
duración de una vida/ promedio de vida
l
2B
lifetime
transcurso de una vida
l
9A
likely
probablemente
The average human lifespan in the developed countries has increased over the last hundred years. We'll see a tremendous lot of technological changes during/in our lifetime. Do remind me because I'm likely to forget.
l
6B
likewise
igualmente
Just water these plants twice a week, and likewise the ones in the bedroom.
l
7B
limit
limitar
Having so little money to spend on an apartment does limit you in your choice.
l
5A
limo
limosina
I arrived at the party in a limo.
l
10C
linguistic
lingüístico
l
6C
literally
literalmente
I'm particularly interested in the linguistic development of young children. I was literally bowled over by the news.
l
10A
litre
litro
The tax increase will add 4p to a litre of petrol.
l
8A
litter
basura
About 2% of fast-food packaging ends up as litter.
l
6C
lively
vivo / a
The room was painted a lively electric blue.
l
9C
loan
préstamo
She's trying to get a $50 000 loan to start her own business.
l
6B
loathing
odio
The thought of him touching her filled her with deep loathing.
l
2A
lobby
recepción
Let's meet in the lobby of the hotel.
l
7B
locate
localizar
Police are still trying to locate the suspect.
l
7B
locker
consigna
l
2B
log
tronco
We had several hours to wait for our train, so we left our bags in a (luggage) locker, and went to look around the town. a log cabin
l
9C
logical
lógico / a
a logical choice/conclusion
l
8B
lovable
encantador / a
a lovable child
l
10A
loved one
ser querido
People, naturally enough, want to know that their loved ones are out of danger.
l
6C
love-struck
cegado de amor
Look at me, I'm behaving like a lovestruck teenager!
l
6C
luckless
sin suerte
The luckless defender, Mark Emery, sustained his third injury of the season.
l
7A
lush
exhuberante
lush green valleys
l
8C
luxurious
lujoso / a
They have a very luxurious house.
mad
loco / a
I think I must be going mad.
m 8A
m 7A
maggot
gusano
a maggot farm
m 10A
mail
correo
She spent the morning reading and answering her mail.
m 7A
maintain
mantener
m 4B
majority
mayoría
Despite living in different countries, the two families have maintained close links. The majority of the employees have university degrees.
m 10A
making
producción
the art of film making
m 6B
manipulate
manipular
Throughout her career she has very successfully manipulated the media.
m 1C
manual
manual
a DIY manual
m 2B
marble
mármol
a marble floor/statue
m 6A
marginally
ligeramente
marginally more expensive
m 7A
mark
marca
a distinguishing mark
m 2A
marked
acentuado / a
The president spoke with passion for an hour, in marked contrast to his subdued address to the parliament yesterday.
m 8B
marker
marcador
development markers
m 1A
marketing
márketing
a career in marketing
m 2B
massive
enorme
They've got a massive house.
m 9C
mass-produced
producción en serie
mass-produced souvenirs
m 6A
matching
que hace juego
a green dress with matching green handbag
m 9A
materialism
materialismo
So have we become a self-centred society, preoccupied with materialism?
m 8C
materialistic
materialista
I was a materialistic person, with a large ego.
m 2A
mathematical
matemática
a mathematical formula
m 2C
meandering
serpenteado
a meandering river
m 1B
meaningful
profundo / a
She seems to find it difficult to form meaningful relationships.
m 10A
means
medios
We need to find some other means of transportation.
m 4A
measure
medida
What further measures can we take to avoid terrorism?
m 6A
mechanism
mecanismo
She's actually rather insecure, and her rudeness is just a defence mechanism.
m 2B
medieval
medieval
a medieval building/painting/town
m 8B
mediocre
mediocre
The film's plot is predictable and the acting is mediocre.
m 2B
Mediterranean
Mediterránea
Mediterranean cuisine
m 2A
mega-
mega
megacomputer/mega-savant
m 9A
membership
afiliación
You have to apply for membership of the sports club.
m 2A
memorise
memorizar
When I was at school, we were required to memorize a poem every week.
m 6A
mental
mental
His physical and mental health had got worse.
m 10B
mentor
mentor
I've learned a lot from my mentor.
m 10A
messenger
mensajero
The documents were delivered by special messenger.
m 2B
metallic
metálico
Our new car is metallic blue.
m 3A
meticulous
meticuloso / a
Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.
m 10A
mice
ratones
field mice
m 7B
microchip
microchip
m 4C
middle-of-the-road
moderado / a
The microchip compresses and decompresses a colour image in less than a second. middle-of-the-road pop music
m 4B
millennia
milenio
The book is a history of the last two millennia.
m 10C
mind map
técnica de aprendizaje
I'd like to learn how to draw mind maps.
m 6A
mindset
disposición
to have a different/the same mindset
m 5C
minimum wage
salario mínimo
It is very difficult to survive on the minimum wage.
m 4A
minister
ministro
the foreign/health minister
m 6C
minor
de poca importancia
a minor operation
m 4B
misgovernment
mal gobierno
A decade of misgovernment has bankrupted the country.
m 5C
misguided
desacertado / a
m 7A
model
modelo
He was shot as he made a misguided attempt to stop the robbers singlehanded. The educational system was a model for those of many other countries.
m 10B
modelling
carrera de modelo
Ashley's always wanted to go into modelling.
m 3B
moderate
mediana
The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family.
m 2C
modernity
modernidad
m 1C
molehill
m 9B
money-minded
m 7B
monitoring
There is a stark contrast between tradition and modernity on the streets of the city. topera You're making a mountain out of a molehill. You wrote one bad essay - it doesn't mean you're going to fail your exam. tener un interés en la gestión I've never been very money-minded - I del dinero leave all my business affairs to my financial adviser. control secret monitoring of phone calls
m 2B
monsoon
monzón
m 8B
monster
monstruo
The failure of the monsoon would destroy harvests on which 1000 million people rely. a sea monster
m 9B
monthly
mensual
monthly payments
m 6B
motivated
motivado / a
a racially-motivated murder
m 8B
motivation
motivación
He's a bright enough student - he just lacks motivation.
m 2A
motor
motriz
He has poor motor control/functions.
m 7B
motorist
automovilista
A passing motorist stopped and gave her a lift to the nearby town.
m 1C
motorway
autopista
m 7B
movement
movimiento
Because of the bad weather, motorway (driving) conditions are expected to be hazardous tonight. He made a sudden movement and frightened the bird away.
m 6B
much
muy
This is a much discussed issue.
m 4B
multitude
multitud
m 8B
mundane
trivial
m 1C
must
deber
The city has a multitude of problems, from homelessness to drugs and murder. Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her. We must get someone to fix that wheel.
m 2B
must-
debe ( verse)
It's moderately entertaining but it's certainly not a must-see film.
m 2A
mutter
murmurar
Stop muttering and speak up!
m 1A
myself
yo mismo / a
I've bought myself a new coat.
n
3A
nagging
persistente
a nagging feeling
n
2C
nail scissors
tijeras de uñas
silver nail scissors
n
7A
narrow
estrecho / a
a narrow bridge/passage/gap
n
5B
necessitate
requerir
n
1B
necessity
necesidad
Reduction in government spending will necessitate further cuts in public services. With a personal fortune of six million pounds, she certainly doesn't work out of necessity (= because she needs to).
n
2A
neck
cuello
He had the thickest neck I'd ever seen.
n
9A
need
necesidad
There's a growing need for cheap housing in the larger cities.
n
2B
net
red
a fishing net
n
4A
newly
reciente
the newly formed residents' association
n
9B
newsworthy
de interés periodístico
Nothing newsworthy ever happens around here. It's so boring.
n
1A
niceness
amabilidad
Our company values niceness.
n
1B
nightclub
club nocturno
We went dancing at a nightclub.
n
1B
no longer
dejar de
The cinema is no longer used.
n
6C
nod
asentir con la cabeza
Many people in the audience nodded in agreement.
n
9A
no-expense-spared
gastar sin miramientos
a no-expense-spared holiday
n
4C
nonetheless
aún así
n
9C
noon
doce del mediodía
There are serious problems in our country. Nonetheless, we feel this is a good time to return. We used to ski before noon then take a long lunch.
n
2C
nor
tampoco
"I've never been to Iceland." "Nor have I."
n
7B
norm
norma
One child per family is fast becoming the norm in some countries.
n
2C
northwest
noroeste
the sale of the company's northwest division
n
7A
Norwegian
Noruego / a
She is a Norwegian student.
n
8A
notably
principalmente
n
10B
note
nota
They have begun attracting investors, most notably big Japanese financial houses. He left a note to say he would be home late.
n
10C
note-taking
tomar apuntes
Note-taking is an important skill for students.
n
9B
noteworthy
significativo / a
a noteworthy example/event
n
9C
nuclear power
energía nuclear
nuclear power stations
n
6C
nudge
dar golpes con el codo
The children were giggling and nudging each other.
n
7B
number plate
matrícula
Police are looking for a small blue car with the number plate K17 EMW.
o
7B
obesity
obesidad
A diet that is high in fat can lead to obesity.
o
4A
objection
objección
Her objection to/against the plan is based on incorrect facts.
o
4B
obstinate
tozudo / a
He can be very obstinate at times.
o
3C
occurrence
acontecimiento
Street-fights are an everyday occurrence in this area of the city.
o
7A
offender
infractor
first-time offenders
o
2B
oil
aceite de baño
bath oil
o
10C
Olympic
Olímpico
the International Olympic Committee
o
9B
on the contrary
al contrario
o
7A
one-square-mile
una milla cuadrada
"Didn't you find the film exciting?" "On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!" a one-square-mile island
o
7B
onset
inicio
the onset of cancer
o
2C
open-air
al aire libre
an open-air concert/market
o
7B
operate
hacer funcionar
How do you operate the remote control unit?
o
6C
operation
en funcionamiento
There are several reactors of the type in operation at the moment.
o
5A
opposition
oposición
There is a lot of opposition to the proposed changes.
o
9B
optimistic
optimista
She is optimistic about her chances of winning a gold medal.
o
5B
optional
opcional
English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are optional.
o
5A
originate
originar
o
10A
orphan
huérfano
Although the technology originated in the UK, it has been developed in the US. The civil war is making orphans of many children.
o
2A
Oscar-winning
ganadora de un Oscar
She is an Oscar-winning actress.
o
9C
outcome
resultado
It's too early to predict the outcome of the meeting.
o
6A
out-do
sobrepasar
He always tries to out-do everybody else in the class.
o
7B
outlook
pronóstico
The outlook for today is cloudy and dry at first with showers later.
o
6C
out-of-this-world
de otro mundo
It was an out-of-this-world experience.
o
9B
ovenproof
a prueba de horno
Is this dish definitely ovenproof?
o
6B
overcome
superar
o
9C
overdraft
saldo al descubierto
to overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistanc e to run up/pay off an overdraft
o
5A
overhead
por encima
A flock of geese flew overhead.
o
1A
overhear
escuchar sin querer
I overheard a very funny conversation on the bus this morning.
o
1B
overload
sobrecarga
People today suffer from information overload.
o
9B
over-priced
cargar mucho el precio
Train fares are ridiculously over-priced.
o
9C
overseas
el extranjero
Many more people go/travel/live/work overseas these days.
o
5B
overspend
gastar más de la cuenta
The council seems likely to overspend this year.
o
8B
overtake
adelantar
Always check your rear view mirror before you overtake (another car).
o
6B
overuse
sobreusar
I tend to overuse certain favourite expressions.
o
1A
overused
utilizado / a en exceso
overused expressions
o
5A
overworked
saturado de trabajo
an overworked civil servant
o
9C
owing to
a causa de
The concert has been cancelled owing to lack of support.
p
2A
painter
pintor
J.M.W. Turner is one of Britain's bestknown landscape painters.
p
9B
Pakistani
pakistani
a Pakistani film
p
4B
palm
palma
This tiny device fits into the palm of your hand.
p
2B
pancake
crep
Do you want a sweet pancake or a savoury one?
p
5B
paralympics
paralímpicos
The Paralympic Games are held in a different country on each occasion.
p
6A
participant
participante
The students claim to be willing participants in the experiment.
p
9C
pass on
transmitir
My grandmother passed on her cooking skills to me.
p
6C
passer-by
transeúnte
The gunmen opened fire, killing a policeman and a passer-by.
p
3B
path
camino
The path to success is fraught with difficulties.
p
6A
patrol
patrullado / a
The whole town is patrolled by police because of the possibility of riots.
p
10B
patterned
estampado / a
patterned textiles/wallpaper
p
6C
pause
pararse
He paused and thought for a moment.
p
9B
payment
pago
Usually we ask for payment on receipt of the goods.
p
9B
peace
paz
peace talks/proposals
p
1C
peanuts
cacahuetes
They pay people peanuts in that organization.
p
6A
pebble
de piedras
This part of the coast has pebble beaches.
p
6A
peculiar
peculiar
She has the most peculiar ideas.
p
9A
penny
penique
I keep pennies and other small coins in a jar.
p
10A
pension off
jubilar
After flying for 38 years, their Wessex helicopter is about to be pensioned off.
p
4A
percent
por ciento
You got 20 percent of the answers right that means one in every five.
p
1A
perfectly
perfectamente
The jacket fits perfectly, the skirt not so well.
p
6A
perform
realizar
Computers can perform a variety of tasks.
p
6A
perk
ventaja
p
1A
perky
alegre/animado
A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job. You look very perky this morning.
p
10C
permeate
impregnar
Dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated every section of society. The government is persisting with its ambitious public works programme.
p
10B
persist
persistir
p
4B
pestilence
plaga
Thousands were killed by the pestilence.
p
6A
phenomenon
fenómeno
Do you believe in the paranormal and other psychic phenomena?
p
7A
philosophy
filosofía
Live now, pay later - that's my philosophy of life!
p
3B
physically
físicamente
Physically I find him very attractive.
p
2B
picture-book
libro con ilustraciones
the picture-book English countryside
p
10A
pigeon
paloma
racing/homing pigeons
p
7B
PIN
PIN (número de identificación Do not reveal your PIN to anybody. personal)
p
10A
pioneering
pionero / a
a pioneering spirit
p
6A
pittance
miseria
He works hard but he's paid a pittance.
p
8A
playground
patio escolar
There were children fighting in the playground.
p
2B
plentiful
abundante
Strawberries are plentiful in the summer.
p
6C
pluck up
armarse de valor
He finally plucked up courage to ask her to marry him.
p
3A
podium
podio
Tears ran down her face as she stood on the winner's podium.
p
8C
poem
poema
a book of love poems
p
1C
pointless
sin sentido
This is a pointless exercise.
p
4A
poke fun
reirse de
Stop poking fun at your sister.
p
7B
political
políticos
political leaders
p
9B
politically-minded
con mentalidad política
a politically-minded pop star
p
9B
pollution-free
ecológico
pollution-free cars
p
6A
pond
estanque
a duck pond
p
7C
population
población
p
2C
port
puerto
There's been a 9% rise in the prison population (= the number of people in prison). a naval/fishing/container port
p
2A
possess
poseer
I don't possess a single DVD.
p
10A
postal service
servicio postal
The United States Postal Service
p
2B
pour
servir/verter
I spilled the juice while I was pouring it.
p
7C
pour down
llover a cántaros
It looks as though it's about to pour down (with rain).
p
6C
pout
poner mala cara
Vanessa always pouts if she doesn't get what she wants.
p
5A
powerful
poderoso / a
The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister.
p
9B
praiseworthy
digno / a de elogio
His actions during the crisis were truly praiseworthy.
p
4B
precede
preceder
p
1A
pregnant
embarazada
Boutros Boutros-Ghali preceded Kofi Annan as the Secretary-General of the UN. She's five and a half months pregnant.
p
5A
premiere
estreno
p
4A
premium
suplemento
p
7B
pre-paid
pagado con antelación
Admission tickets are $20 pre-paid, $25 at the door.
p
2B
preserve
conservar
We want to preserve the character of the town while improving the facilities.
p
4A
press release
comunicado de prensa
The minister issued a press release shortly after her resignation.
p
8B
presumably
presumiblemente
They can presumably afford to buy a bigger apartment.
p
6B
previously
anteriormente
She was previously employed as a tour guide.
The world premiere of the opera will be at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York. We're willing to pay a premium for the best location.
p
9B
priced
precio (razonable)
a reasonably priced product
p
7C
primary
primaria
a primary school
p
5A
principal
protagonista principal
p
5C
prior
previo / a
None of the principals in the production received any payment for their performances. The course required no prior knowledge of Spanish.
p
9A
priority
prioridad
The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority.
p
7A
prisoner
recluso
p
8C
pro
ventaja
Prisoners climbed onto the prison roof to protest at the conditions inside the prison. One of the big pros of living in Madrid is the night life.
p
4B
process
tramitar
Visa applications take 28 days to process.
p
4C
Prof.
profesora
Prof. Tina Pritchard
p
5A
profession
profesión
He left the teaching profession in 1965 to set up his own business.
p
6A
professor
profesor
Professor Stephen Hawking
p
8A
profound
profundo / a
p
4A
p
9A
programming schedule programación properly
The invention of the contraceptive pill brought about profound changes in the lives of women. I am responsible for the station's programming schedule.
correctamente
It's still not working properly.
p
8C
proportion
proporción
p
4A
proposal
propuesta
p
1C
prospect
la idea/perspectiva
The level of crime in an area is almost always in direct proportion to the number of unemployed. Congress has rejected the latest economic proposal put forward by the president. The prospect of spending three whole days with her fills me with horror.
p
10B
protégé
protegido
Shapur's restaurant is full every night as trendy Londoners enjoy the wonders of his young protégé, chef Glyn Fussell.
p
2A
prove
resultar
That theory was proved false.
p
7B
provider
suministrador
an Internet service provider
p
5C
provision
suministro
The provision of good public transport will be essential for developing the area.
p
5A
proximity
proximidad
The best thing about the location of the house is its proximity to the town centre.
p
5A
pseud(o)-
pseudo
pseudo-friendship
p
1A
publisher
editorial
Janet edited books for a variety of publishers.
p
7A
puddle
charco
a puddle of water
p
7B
pull down
derribar
They pulled down the warehouse to build a new supermarket.
p
7A
punish
castigar
Those responsible for these crimes must be brought to court and punished.
p
3B
punishing
agotador / a
Currently she has a punishing schedule of five presentations a day.
p
7B
pupil
alumno
a second-year pupil
p
9B
purchase
comprar
Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance.
p
1B
purely
puramente
On a purely practical level, it is difficult to see how such proposals would work.
p
6A
push
empujar
push boundaries
p
1A
pushy
insistente/prepotente/ ambicioso
a pushy salesman
q
6A
quack
graznido
I heard quacks coming from the pond.
q
2C
quaint
pintoresco / a
a quaint old cottage
q
1C
quietly
silenciosamente
I slipped quietly out of the back door.
q
6A
quirky
extravagante
He was tall and had a quirky, off-beat sense of humour.
r
7B
race
raza
People of many different races were living side by side.
r
8B
racer
corredor
My brother is a kart racer.
r
6B
racism
racismo
The authorities are taking steps to combat/fight/tackle racism in schools.
r
7B
radio-transmitting
radiotransmisor
a radio-transmitting device
r
9B
rail ticket
billete de tren
The cost of rail tickets was increased by 11%.
r
10A
railroad station
estación de tren
Central Railroad Station
r
5B
rapper
rapero
Who is your favourite rapper?
r
3B
rarely
raramente
We rarely see each other now.
r
10A
rat
rata
Rats carry disease.
r
10B
rather
antes que
I think I'd like to stay at home this evening rather than go out.
r
9A
rational
racional
He was too upset to be rational.
r
8B
rationalise
justificar
She rationalised the expense by saying that the costly carpet she had bought would last longer than a cheaper one.
r
1C
rave
hablar con entusiasmo
She raved about/over the clothes she had seen at the Paris fashion shows.
r
1A
readership
número de lectores
The magazine has a readership of over 250 000.
r
9A
realisation
el hecho de darse cuenta
r
1B
realistically
de manera realista
The realization was dawning (= They were starting to realize) that this was a major disaster. Realistically speaking, he hadn't a hope, but that didn't stop him trying.
r
8B
realm
ámbito
A pay rise is not within the realms of possibility, I'm afraid.
r
9B
reasonable
bien de precio
Tomatoes are very reasonable at this time of year.
r
8C
reassure
tranquilizado / a
r
7B
rebel
rebelde
I was nervous on my first day at college, but I was reassured to see some friendly faces. The rebels took over the capital and set up a new government.
r
6C
recall
recordar
The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war.
r
4B
reckless
temerario-a
He was found guilty of reckless driving.
r
10A
recruit
reclutar
Charities such as Oxfam are always trying to recruit volunteers to help in their work. LeFanu suffered all his life from a recurrent nightmare that he was trapped in a falling house. I read the red-tops every morning.
r
5A
recurrent
recurrente
r
4C
red-top
prensa sensacionalista
r
10C
reflect
reflejar
The statistics reflect a change in people's spending habits.
r
7A
reformer
reformador
a social reformer
r
6B
refusal
rechazo
r
6A
regard
considerar
Our request for permission to travel met with/received a flat/point-blank refusal from the authorities. Her parents always regarded her as the cleverest of their children.
r
5B
regardless
a pesar de
r
2C
region
región
She knew it was dangerous to visit him except at night, but she set out regardless (of the risk). the semi-desert regions of Australia
r
1B
regularly
habitualmente
Accidents regularly occur on this bend.
r
7A
rehabilitation
rehabilitación
the rehabilitation of prisoners
r
6A
relaxing
relajante
a relaxing holiday
r
8A
relieve
aliviar
She was given a shot of morphine to relieve the pain.
r
5C
relieved
aliviado / a
I'm so relieved to find you - I thought you'd already gone.
r
7B
religion
religión
the Christian religion
r
8A
religious
religioso / a
religious education
r
9C
renewable
renovable
renewable energy sources such as wind and wave power
r
6B
renovation
reformas
The museum is closed for renovation.
r
7A
re-offend
reincidir
If he re-offends, he will go back to jail for a long time.
r
9C
repeated
repetido / a
repeated attempts/mistakes/warnings
r
7A
repeatedly
repetidamente
He telephoned repeatedly, begging her to return.
r
7A
repressive
represivo / a
a repressive military regime
r
7A
requirement
requisito
A good degree is a minimum requirement for many jobs.
r
7B
resign
dimitir
He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job.
r
1C
resist
resistir
She couldn't resist laughing at him in those clothes.
r
6B
resistance
resistencia
resistance to disease
r
9C
resource
recursos
Britain's mineral resources include oil, coal and gas deposits.
r
5B
restless
inquieto / a
He's a restless type - he never stays in one country for long.
r
7A
restore
restaurado / a
The badly neglected paintings have all been carefully restored.
r
7B
restrict
restringir
measures to restrict the sale of alcohol
r
4A
restriction
restricción
import/export/currency restrictions
r
7B
retailer
comercio
a big electronics retailer
r
5C
retirement
jubilación
Many teachers over the age of 50 are taking early retirement.
r
6A
reverse
al revés
To stop the engine, you repeat the same procedures, but in reverse.
r
2B
revolting
repugnante
a revolting smell of rotting cabbage
r
10C
revolution
revolución
a technological revolution
r
4A
ridiculous
ridículo / a
Do I look ridiculous in this hat?
r
7C
rising
creciente
rising inflation
r
3A
rival
rival
He beat his closest/nearest rival by 20 marks.
r
1C
roadworks
obras
There are delays on the M4 because of roadworks.
r
6B
roam
deambular
After the pubs close, gangs of youths roam the city streets.
r
8B
roller-coaster
montaña rusa
She loves roller-coasters.
r
2B
round-necked
cuello redondo
a round-necked T-shirt
r
5A
round-the-clock
dia y noche ( las 24 horas)
She needed round-the-clock nursing.
r
7A
route
camino
A college education is often the best route to a good job.
r
10C
rowing
remar
I love rowing.
r
5A
rub shoulders (with)
codearse con
She claims that she rubs shoulders with royalty all the time.
r
2C
rugged
escabroso / a
rugged landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs
r
6C
ruin
arruinar
Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline.
r
4A
ruling
sentencia
The court has made a final ruling on the case that the companies acted illegally.
r
7B
rumoured
corre el rumor
The president is rumoured to be seriously ill.
r
1A
runaway
éxito obtenido muy rápido
Her first novel's runaway (= surprisingly big) success came as a great surprise.
r
6A
run-of-the-mill
moderado / a
He gave a fairly run-of-the-mill speech.
r
4C
runway
pista
r
4B
rural
rural
The environmentalists protested against the government's decision to build a third runway at the airport. The area is still very rural and undeveloped.
r
1A
rush up
venir corriendo precipitadamente
She rushed up to me and asked me a question.
r
2B
rustic
rústico / a
a rustic bench/cabin
r
5C
rut
rutina aburrida
s
5A
sacrifice
sacrificar
I've got to change jobs - after 15 years here I feel I'm (stuck) in a rut (= I'm bored). Many women sacrifice interesting careers for their family.
s
9B
safety-conscious
cauteloso / a con la seguridad
safety-conscious behaviour
s
7A
saliva
saliva
saliva specimens
s
7C
sarcastic
sarcástico / a
a sarcastic comment/remark
s
4A
satisfaction
compensación
You've sold me a faulty product and I demand satisfaction.
s
2A
savant
persona con memoria y habilidades inusuales
savant syndrome
s
7A
saw
sierra
a hand/power/chain/circular saw
s
4C
saxophone
saxofón
My father plays the saxophone.
s
1C
saying
dicho
As the saying goes, 'Don't count your chickens before they're hatched'.
s
4B
scale
magnitud
We don't yet know the scale of the problem.
s
6C
scam
estafa
an insurance scam
s
2A
scan
éscaner / exploración
an ultrasound scan
s
8B
scare
espantar
Sudden noises scare her.
s
6C
scary
de terror
a scary movie/story
s
7C
scene
escena
Evidence was found at the scene of the crime.
s
7C
scheme
proyecto
a training/housing/play scheme
s
10C
scientific
científico / a
a scientific discovery/experiment/theory
s
8B
scrape
rascar
s
7A
scratch
rascar
I was woken up by the noise of branches scraping against my bedroom window. We scratched the paintwork trying to get the bed into Martha's room.
s
2A
screenwriter
guionista cinematográfico
Who is the best young screenwriter?
s
8A
scriptwriter
guionista
She is a well-known scriptwriter.
s
8A
scrub
restregar
She scrubbed (at) the mark on the wall for ages, but it wouldn't come off.
s
2B
scruffy
de aspecto dejado
a small, scruffy-looking man
s
2C
seaside
de playa
a seaside holiday/hotel/resort
s
7C
seatbelt
cinturón de seguridad
to fasten your seatbelt
s
5B
secondary
secundaria
secondary education
s
10A
secretly
secretamente
s
4A
seek
buscar
He was convicted on the evidence of secretly recorded telephone conversations. Hundreds of dissidents are seeking refuge/asylum in the US embassy.
s
2A
seek out
buscar
s
3B
seldom
rara vez
s
7A
select
escoger
There was a choice of four prizes, and the winner could select one of them.
s
9A
selection
selección
The larger shops are able to stock a wider selection of goods.
s
3A
self-awareness
conocimiento de uno mismo
I think I have good self-awareness.
s
1A
self-help
autoayuda
self-help books
s
5A
selfless
desinteresado / a
selfless devotion to duty
s
5A
semi-
semi
semi-circle/semi-famous
s
3C
senior citizen
ciudadano de edad avanzada Discounts are available for senior citizens.
s
8B
sensation
sensación
a burning sensation
s
7B
setback
contratiempo
There has been a slight/temporary setback in our plans.
s
9A
setting
entorno
Their cottage is in an idyllic rural setting.
s
4A
settle for
conformarse con
They were hoping to sell their car for £2000, but settled for £1500.
s
5C
settle in
instalarse
Once we've settled in, you must come round for dinner.
While he was at the library, Steve decided to seek out some information on accommodation in the area. Now that we have a baby, we seldom get the chance to go to the cinema.
s
4B
settlement
asentamiento
A large Roman settlement has been discovered just outside the town.
s
1A
several
diversos / as
Several people have complained about the scheme.
s
7A
severely
duramente
I was severely reprimanded by my boss.
s
1B
sex
sexo
What sex is your cat?
s
5C
shadow
acompañar
s
4B
shape
forma
Your first week in the job will be spent shadowing one of our more experienced employees. We watched the vase begin to take shape in the potter's hands.
s
3A
sheer
puro / absoluto
The suggestion is sheer nonsense.
s
7B
shelter
refugio
We were caught in a thunderstorm, without anywhere to shelter.
s
6C
shoo
hacer marchar / espantar
Go and shoo that cat away before it catches a bird.
s
6A
shopper
comprador
crowds of Christmas shoppers
s
10A
shortage
escasez
There's a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps.
s
10B
shot
golpe
Woods hit a perfect shot out of the bunker.
s
6B
showing
proyección
This is the film's first showing on British television.
s
2A
shuffle
arrastrar (los pies)
He shuffled into the kitchen, leaning on his walking stick.
s
10A
siege
cerco
The siege of Mafeking lasted for eight months.
s
8A
significant
significativo / a
The talks between the USA and the USSR were very significant for the relationship between the two countries.
s
6A
significantly
significativamente
s
3A
similarly
igualmente
s
1A
simply
simplemente
My piano playing has improved significantly since I've had a new teacher. Cars must stop at red traffic lights: similarly (= in a similar way), bicycles should stop too. I don't like my job - I simply do it for the money.
s
2A
simultaneously
simultáneamente
I was trying to do three things simultaneously.
s
2B
sip
sorber
This tea is very hot, so sip it carefully.
s
7A
situated
situado / a
The school is situated near to the station.
s
7A
six-year
de seis años
a six-year sentence
s
4C
skid
patinar
Trevor's bus skidded on some ice and hit a tree.
s
10C
skill
habilidad
Ruth had/possessed great writing skills.
s
5A
skimmed
desnatada
skimmed milk
s
10A
skinny
en los huesos
You should eat more, you're much too skinny.
s
10A
sled
trineo
The children are playing in the snow with their sleds.
s
5C
sleepover
pasar la noche en casa de alguien
Let's have a sleepover at my house.
s
4C
slide
tobogán
an emergency slide
s
7A
slide
deslizar
When I was little I used to like sliding on the polished floor in my socks.
s
10A
slowly
lentamente
Could you please speak more slowly?
s
1A
slump
desplomarse
She slumped into the chair, exhausted.
s
7A
small-scale
pequeña escala
a small-scale investigation
s
9B
smart card
tarjeta electrónica
I always use my smart card on the underground.
s
7A
smuggling
contrabando
The murdered man is thought to have been involved in drug smuggling.
s
9B
snack
tentempié
I had a huge lunch, so I'll only need a snack for dinner.
s
4C
snappy
pegadizo y con estilo
They're looking for a snappy slogan to communicate the campaign's message.
s
6B
sneaky
secreto / a
a sneaky plan
s
2B
snow-capped
cubierta de nieve
snow-capped mountains
s
5C
snowed under
estar inundado de
I'm absolutely snowed under with work at the moment.
s
4C
so-called
llamado / a
It isn't yet clear how destructive this socalled 'super virus' is.
s
2A
socially
socialmente
Socially, she's a disaster - she's always offending someone or picking a fight.
s
9A
sociologist
sociólogo
a renowned sociologist
s
10B
soloist
solista
The soloist in the violin concerto was Yehudi Menuhin.
s
7C
somebody
alguien
There's somebody at the door.
s
6C
somersault
voltereta
She was so happy she turned three somersaults on the lawn.
s
6A
somewhat
un tanto
She's somewhat more confident than she used to be.
s
8A
soot
hollín
It can be dangerous to let too much soot accumulate inside a chimney.
s
4B
sophistication
sofisticación
Her sophistication is evident from the way she dresses.
s
9B
sort
tipo
We both like the same sort of music.
s
10A
sorting office
oficina de clasificación
I work at the sorting office.
s
10B
sour
ácido / a
These plums are a bit sour.
s
2C
southwest
suroeste
I come from the southwest part of the island.
s
6A
speciality
especialidad
s
3A
spectrum
espectro
The political economy of European integration is one of the professor's specialities. A wide spectrum of opinion was represented at the meeting.
s
9A
spending
gasto
government spending on health
s
2B
spice
especia
Cinnamon, ginger and cloves are all spices.
s
4C
splash
artículo para captar la atención
The newspaper's splash is usually a business story.
s
2C
splendour
esplendor
They bought a decaying 16th-century manor house and restored it to its original splendour.
s
1C
spoil
mimar
When I'm feeling miserable I go shopping and spoil myself - a couple of new dresses always make me feel better. a sponsored run
s
6B
sponsored
patrocinado / a
s
3A
spontaneous
espontáneo / a
She's such a spontaneous, lively woman.
s
2C
sporting
deportivo
The Olympics is the biggest sporting event in the world.
s
3A
spotlight
centro de atención
s
5A
spouse
esposa
The senator has been in the spotlight recently since the revelation of his tax frauds. In 60% of the households surveyed both spouses went out to work.
s
2B
sprawling
irregulares/extenderse desorganizadamente
sprawling suburbs
s
3A
spray
rociar
She sprayed herself with perfume.
s
7C
spy hole
mirilla
I have a security spy hole in my front door.
s
4C
St
calle
My address is 19 East Norwood St.
s
7A
stable
establo
The horses are in the stables.
s
8B
stair
escalera
s
5B
standard
nivel
The top stair creaked as she went upstairs and the noise woke up her mother. This essay is not of an acceptable standard - do it again.
s
4B
standstill
paralización
s
5A
stardom
estrellato / fama
s
2B
stark
austero / a
s
2C
stately
majestuoso / a
It was a stark room with its white walls, and a bed and chair as the only furniture. stately homes
s
9A
statement
declaración
a provocative statement
s
9A
state-of-the-art
última tecnología
a state-of-the-art computer
The runaway bus eventually came to a standstill when it rolled into a muddy field. From childhood, Britney Spears seemed destined for stardom.
s
6B
stealth
cautela
These thieves operate with terrifying stealth - they can easily steal from the pockets of unsuspecting travellers.
s
5A
stepping stone
trampolín
I see this job just as a stepping stone to better things.
s
10B
stick with
mantener
s
7B
stock
provisiones
He said that he was going to stick with the traditions established by his grandfather. It is now halfway through winter and food stocks are already low.
s
7A
stolen
robado / a
stolen goods
s
2B
stopover
escala
Our tickets to Australia include a stopover for two nights in Singapore.
s
7B
store card
tarjeta de cliente
Do you have a store card?
s
10B
straightaway
enseguida
We don't have to go straightaway, do we?
s
2B
strain
tensión
Their constant arguments were putting a strain on their marriage.
s
2B
straw
paja
Why don't you drink your milkshake through a straw?
s
9B
stress-free
sin estrés
a stress-free life
s
2B
stretch
extenderse
The Andes stretch for 7250 km along the west coast of South America.
s
3B
stroke
derrame cerebral
She suffered/had a stroke which left her unable to speak.
s
10A
stroke of genius
golple de inspiración
It was such a brilliant idea - a real stroke of genius.
s
1A
strongly
firmemente
They strongly believe their children should make choices for themselves.
s
9C
structure
estructurar
We must carefully structure and rehearse each scene.
s
5C
stuck
estancado / a
I'm stuck in a rut (= I'm bored).
s
6A
stuffed toy
muñeco de peluche
My baby daughter loves playing with her stuffed toys.
s
10B
stunning
impresionante
a stunning dress
s
2B
stupid-looking
de aspecto idiota
a stupid-looking animal
s
5A
stupor
estupor
He was lying under the table in a drunken stupor.
s
6A
stylish
elegante
The film's direction is subtle and stylish.
s
6A
subconscious
subconsciente
The memory was buried deep within my subconscious.
s
6A
submission
presentación
The final deadline for submissions is February 21st.
s
5C
subsequent
posterior
s
1B
substitute
suplente
The book discusses his illness and subsequent resignation from the government. a substitute teacher
s
10C
successfully
exitosamente
A number of patients have been successfully treated with the new drug.
s
4B
succumb
sucumbir
Thousands of cows have succumbed to the disease in the past few months.
s
4A
sue
demandar
s
8A
suffering
sufrimiento
He was so furious about the accusations in the letter that he threatened to sue. The war will cause widespread human suffering.
s
9C
sugar-free
sin azúcar
sugar-free chewing-gum
s
6A
sugary
dulce
all those sugary snacks that kids eat
s
9C
sum up
resumir
She summed up the situation quickly and took charge.
s
3B
sunlight
luz del sol
a ray/beam/shaft/pool of sunlight
s
2B
sun-roof
techo corredizo/techo plegable
My new car has a sun-roof.
s
9A
super-
super
the super-rich
s
2C
superbly
magníficamente
The orchestra played superbly.
s
2B
superbly-acted
muy bien interpretado
It is a superbly-acted drama.
s
5A
superficial
superficial
He's fun to be with, but he's very superficial.
s
5A
superwoman
supermujer
She said that she was tired of being expected to be a superwoman.
s
2B
supper
cena
We usually have tea at about 5.30 p.m., then supper before we go to bed.
s
5A
supplement
complementar
He supplements his income by working in a bar in the evening.
s
6A
supporter
seguidor
Thousands of supporters have travelled to London for the cup final.
s
8B
supposedly
supuestamente
Well, the tickets are supposedly in the mail.
s
3A
supremely
sumamente
Wales are supremely confident of winning the match.
s
8C
surprisingly
sorprendentemente
Surprisingly, the restaurant turned out to be cheap.
s
2C
surround
rodear
Snow-capped mountains surround the city.
s
9B
suspicious
desconfiado / a
s
7A
sweat
sudar
s
6A
sweater
jersey
His colleagues became suspicious when he did not appear at work, since he was always punctual. It was so hot when we arrived in Tripoli that we started to sweat as soon as we got off the plane. Put a sweater on if you're cold.
s
3B
swell (up)
hinchar
s
10A
swift
rápido / a
s
6B
swimming pool
piscina
an indoor/outdoor swimming pool
s
1A
swing
abrirse
The door swung open.
s
10C
switch
cambiar
s
4C
swoop
descender en picado
She started studying English at college, but switched to Business Studies in her second year. The eagle swooped down to snatch a young rabbit.
s
3A
syndrome
síndrome
s
10C
systematic
sitemático / a
t
4C
tabloid
prensa sensacionalista
It was obvious she had broken her toe, because it immediately started to swell (up). The local police took swift action against the squatters.
It's a classic case of the boredhousewife syndrome - she's got nothing to do all day except drink and go shopping. We've got to be a bit more systematic in the way that we approach this task. the tabloid press
t
3C
tactful
diplomático / a
Mentioning his baldness wasn't very tactful.
t
7B
tagging
dispositivo personal de supervisión
electronic tagging
t
3A
tailor
acoplar/adaptar
I can tailor my working hours to suit my lifestyle.
t
10B
talent
talento
Her talent for music showed at an early age.
t
6B
tap
grifo
the hot/cold tap
t
1A
technique
técnica
t
4B
technological
tecnológico
We have developed a new technique for detecting errors in the manufacturing process. Technological advances in computing and telecommunications will reduce the need for many people to travel to work.
t
2B
teeth
dientes
I brush my teeth three times a day.
t
10A
telegraph
telégrafo
The news came by telegraph.
t
5C
telephone
teléfono
a telephone survey
t
2A
temporal lobe
lóbulo temporal
the temporal lobe of the brain
t
7A
tempt
tentar
The offer of a free car stereo tempted her into buying a new car.
t
3C
ten kilometre
diez kilómetros
a ten kilometre road race
t
9A
term
término
'Without let or hindrance' is a legal term which means 'freely'.
t
1B
terms
relaciones
I've always been on good terms with my neighbours.
t
1B
text-based
basada en envio de mensajes escritos
My girlfriend lives in another city so our relationship is almost totally text-based.
t
7C
thank goodness
gracias a Dios
I managed to catch the train, thank goodness.
t
8B
thankful
agradecido / a
I was thankful that the meeting didn't last long, because I had a train to catch.
t
5A
the Internet
Internet
I found out about the bombings from/on the Internet.
t
2A
theory
teoría
Darwin's theory of evolution
t
6B
thereby
de este modo
t
9C
thinker
pensador
Diets that are high in saturated fat and cholesterol tend to clog up our arteries, thereby reducing the blood flow to our hearts and brains. a political/religious thinker
t
2A
thoroughly
profundamente
I thoroughly enjoyed the performance.
t
10C
thought
idea
Let me have your thoughts on that report by Friday.
t
9C
three-day
de tres dias
a three-day weekend
t
3A
thrifty
austero / a
They have plenty of money now, but they still tend to be thrifty.
t
8B
thrill-seeker
buscador de emociones fuertes
I would describe myself as a thrillseeker.
t
8B
thrill-seeking
experimentar emociones fuertes
Thrill-seeking is in my genes.
t
3A
tight-fisted
tacaño / a
Don't imagine Gillian'll buy you a drink she's too tight-fisted.
t
5A
tightly
estrechamente
Many commuters are forced to stand, tightly packed in, like sardines.
t
7A
timber
madera
a timber forest
t
2C
timelessness
sentido de atemporalidad
Rothko's paintings have a unique timelessness.
t
6C
time-share
multipropiedad
We've bought a time-share in Spain.
t
3A
timid
tímido /a
Lucy is a rather timid child.
t
4A
token
ficha
a metal/plastic token
t
7A
tool
herramienta
power tools
t
1A
total
total
t
1C
totally
totalmente
At that time of day, cars with only one occupant accounted for almost 80% of the total. Her second husband is totally different from Mark.
t
7A
tournament
torneo
a tennis/chess/golf tournament
t
1A
towards
hacia
They've always been very friendly towards me.
t
7A
trace
rastro
Traces of drugs were found in his blood.
t
7B
track
localizar
The military use radar satellites to track targets through clouds and at night.
t
7B
tracking
localizador (dispositivo)
a tracking device
t
10C
traditionally
tradicionalmente
Quaker meetings are traditionally held in silence.
t
8B
traffic jam
embotellamiento
Roadworks have caused traffic jams throughout the city centre.
t
3A
trait
rasgo
His sense of humour is one of his better traits.
t
9B
transaction
transacción
a business transaction
t
10A
transcontinental
transcontinental
The transcontinental railway goes from New York to San Francisco.
t
9C
transfer
traspaso
the transfer of information
t
4B
transform
transformarse
t
7B
transmit
trasmitir
Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly transform herself into a radiant star. Radio Seven transmits on 201 medium wave .
t
10C
trashy
basura
trashy programmes
t
3B
treadmill
cinta para correr
There are ten treadmills in the gym.
t
8B
trigger
provocar
Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.
t
3A
triumph
triunfo
t
5A
trivial
trivial
The book celebrates the hostages' remarkable triumph over appalling adversity. I don't know why he gets so upset about something that is utterly trivial.
t
5A
trusted
de confianza
She is my most trusted friend.
t
3A
trusting
confiado / a
The child gave a lovely, trusting smile.
t
1A
try out
probar
Don't forget to try out the equipment before setting up the experiment.
t
4B
tuberculosis
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a very serious disease.
t
2B
tuck into
atacar
Judging by the way they tucked into their dinner, they must have been very hungry. See you on Tues.
t
4C
Tues
martes
t
10C
tune in
sintonizar
t
1A
turn-off
ningún atractivo
t
2B
turquoise
turquesa
The current financial situation certainly tunes in with what economic experts predicted over a year ago. This system may provide a powerful tool for adults who find computers a turn-off yet need to learn to use them. the clear turquoise water of the bay
t
9B
twenties
a los veinte
They both got married in their twenties.
t
7A
twice-daily
dos veces al dia
There is a twice-daily bus to the city.
t
6C
twist
giro
t
7A
twist
torcerse
The story took a surprise twist today with media reports that the doctor had resigned. I twisted my ankle last week.
t
1B
two-fifths
dos quintas (partes)
What is two-fifths of 1210?
u
6B
ultimately
finalmente
u
5B
unaided
sin ayuda
Everything will ultimately depend on what is said at the meeting with the directors next week. Since his accident, he hasn't been able to walk unaided.
u
6B
unannounced
sin avisar
She appeared unannounced and took control of the meeting.
u
9C
unauthorised
no autorizado
No admittance to unauthorised personnel.
u
6A
unaware
inconsciente
I was quite unaware of the problem.
u
1B
unburden
descargarse/desahogarse/ aliviarse
He'll unburden himself to anyone who'll listen.
u
2A
uncertain
incierto / a
New arrivals face an uncertain future.
u
10C
unclear
poco claro / a
The ownership of the painting remains unclear.
u
1A
uncomfortable
incómodo / a
an uncomfortable silence
u
2A
unconditional
incondicional
the unconditional love that one has for one's child
u
4C
undercarriage
tren de aterrizaje
an aircraft undercarriage
u
5A
underfoot
debajo de los pies
The grass was cool and pleasant underfoot.
u
4A
undergo
someterse a
u
4B
uneducated
inculto
Athletes must undergo a mandatory drugs test before competing in the championship. an uneducated man
u
4B
unexpectedly
inesperadamente
I met her unexpectedly in a coffee shop.
u
7A
unfairly
injustamente
I think you are blaming Roger unfairly.
u
4A
unfaithful
infiel
If a man was unfaithful to me I'd leave him no matter what the circumstances.
u
1A
unfinished
inacabado / a
I still have some unfinished business with you.
u
9B
unforgettable
inolvidable
an unforgettable experience
u
3A
unfounded
infundado / a
I'm pleased to see that our fears about the weather proved totally unfounded.
u
1B
ungrateful
desagradecido / a
He is always so ungrateful.
u
8B
uninvited
no estar invitado / a
She came to the party uninvited.
u
7B
universally
universalmente
The new roundabout is universally loathed by motorists.
u
8B
unknown
desconocido / a
The exact number of people carrying the virus is unknown.
u
8A
unlimited
ilimitado / a
Passes are available for one month's unlimited travel within Europe.
u
1B
unload
descargar / desahogarse
I'm afraid I've been unloading my worries on poor Ann here.
u
7C
unmarked
camuflado / a
an unmarked police car
u
6B
unofficial
extraoficial
unofficial estimates/figures/reports
u
7A
unpleasant
desagradable
an unpleasant surprise
u
9B
unpredictable
imprevisible
The weather there can be a bit unpredictable - one minute it's blue skies and the next minute it's pouring down.
u
3A
unquestionable
hecho indiscutible
The fact that everyone will die someday is one of the unquestionables of life.
u
6A
unrelated
no relacionado / a
Police said his death was unrelated to the attack.
u
2B
unspoilt
no estropeado / a
The mansion is set in 90 acres of beautiful, unspoilt countryside.
u
2A
unsuitable
inadecuado / a
Completely unsuitable candidates were screened out at the first interview.
u
9A
unusually
inusualmente
He was unusually polite .
u
10B
upbringing
educación
u
8A
upcoming
próximo
Is it right to say all the crimes he committed were simply the result of his upbringing? Tickets are selling well for the group's upcoming concert tour.
u
10A
upkeep
mantenimiento
The upkeep of larger old properties is very expensive.
u
9B
upload
cargar
How can I upload these files?
u
2C
upon
tras
hours upon hours
u
10C
up-to-date
al dia
Great trouble is taken to keep our database up-to-date.
u
4B
urban
urbano
urban development
u
2A
urge
instar
Lawyers will urge the parents to take further legal action.
u
6C
urge
deseo
The urge to steal is very strong in many of the young men we look after here.
u
4A
user-generated
creado por el usuario
user-generated content
u
3A
utterly
completamente
What an utterly stupid thing to do!
v
10B
vague
vago / a
I do have a vague memory of meeting her many years ago.
v
5A
vain
vanidoso / a
He was very vain about his hair and his clothes.
v
9A
value
valorar
I've always valued her advice.
v
2A
variable
variable
a variable interest rate
v
4B
varied
variado / a
a varied group of people
v
9C
vary
variar
v
2B
vegetation
vegetación
Some people give a regular monthly donation while others vary the amount they give. The railway track will have to be cleared of vegetation if it is to be used again.
v
4B
vehicle
vehículo
v
1C
venture
expresar
v
4A
verge
a punto de
v
2C
vibrancy
vitalidad
v
2B
vibrant
vibrante/vivo / a
a vibrant city
v
2B
Victorian
Victoriano / a
a Victorian terraced house
v
3A
victory
victoria
v
4B
villager
aldeano
The Redskins opened the season by scoring a resounding/stunning/impressive 25-3 victory against/over Detroit. All of the villagers attended the local festival.
v
8C
VIP
VIP (persona importante)
They were in the VIP lounge at the airport.
v
9C
visibility
visibilidad
Mist is still causing poor visibility - down to five metres in parts of the south-east.
v
6B
visual
visual
visual stimulus/impact/abilities
v
5B
visualise
visualizar
I was so surprised when he turned up I'd visualised someone much older.
v
10A
vital
vital
A strong opposition is vital to a healthy democracy.
v
2C
vitamin
vitamina
a vitamin pill
v
3A
vividly
claramente
I vividly remember my first day at school.
v
7C
vote
votar
She was too young to vote in the national election.
A truck driver died last night when his vehicle overturned. She tentatively ventured the opinion that the project would be too expensive to complete, but the boss ignored her. on the verge of collapse/success/tears/death/disaster/w ar No one can fail to be struck by the vibrancy of New York.
w 4A
wall
pared
The walls in this apartment are so thin you can hear just about every word the neighbours say. Why not visit the beautiful walled city of York?
w 2C
walled
amurallado / a
w 1A
wander
deambular/pasear/vagar
We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city.
w 2C
warden
guardián
a dog warden
w 7B
watcher
espectador
The new channel is certainly good news for the movie watcher.
w 9B
waterproof
impermeable
Canvas boots are all right but they're not as waterproof as leather.
w 1B
wavelength
longitud de onda
I can't seem to get on with him - we're just not on the same wavelength.
w 2C
wealth
mucha / abundante
Jim has a wealth of teaching experience.
w 1A
weapon
arma
a lethal weapon
w 6B
welfare
bienestar
The police are very concerned for the welfare of the missing child.
w 6B
well-being
sentirse bien
People doing yoga benefit from an increased feeling of well-being.
w 2B
well-decorated
bien decorado
He has a very well-decorated house.
w 2B
well-written
bien escrita
Her latest novel is very well-written.
w 6B
whaling
caza de ballenas
Whaling is legal in some countries.
w 8B
whichever
de todas maneras
It's going to be expensive whichever way you do it.
w 6C
whisper
susurrar
She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
w 2A
whom
quien
I met a man with whom I used to work.
w 7B
widely
extensamente
They have both travelled widely.
w 8B
widen
abrirse mucho
His eyes/smile widened.
w 10A
wilderness
desierta
a beautiful mountain wilderness
w 10A
willing
dispuesto / a
If you're willing to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket.
w 10A
winged
con alas
a high-winged aeroplane
w 10A
wiry
complexión delgada pero fuerte
He has a runner's wiry frame.
w 10B
wise
savio / a
I think you made a wise choice.
w 4B
wisely
saviamente
Sian had very wisely left the party before all the trouble started.
w 7B
withdraw
retirar
The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country.
w 7B
withdrawal
retirada
w 1A
witter on
parlotear/hablar durante un buen rato
The bank became suspicious after several large withdrawals were made from his account in a single week. He'd been wittering on about his neighbours for half the morning.
w 6B
witty
ingenioso / a
a witty comment/remark
w 3A
wolf
lobo
Wolves hunt in groups known as packs.
w 2B
wonderfully
(ir) de maravilla
This sauce goes wonderfully well with fish, asparagus or new potatoes.
w 2C
woodland
bosque
w 10C
woolly
vago / a
The Forestry Commission is responsible for preserving over 2 million acres of woodland. It's the woolly thinking behind the book that I find so infuriating.
w 6B
word-of-mouth
de palabra
w 10A
workforce
plantilla
w 1A
working
laboral
a 37-hour working week
w 10C
workings
funcionamiento
the workings of government
w 8A
wreck
destrozar
The explosion shattered nearby windows and wrecked two cars.
w 6A
wrinkled
arrugado / a
a wrinkled face
w 6B
wristband
pulsera
a rubber wristband
All the orders were given by word of mouth so that no written evidence could be discovered later. The majority of factories in the region have a workforce of 50 to 100 (people).
y
5A
yourselves
vosotros mismos
Did you make the dresses yourselves?
y
1A
youth
juventud
the youth of today
z
3B
zip
ir rápido
I'm just going to zip along to the shops I won't be long.
© Cambridge University Press 2009
Advanced wordlist: English to Spanish Lesson English word no.
Spanish Español
Example sentence
a
1A
all-time
sin precedente
After three years of drought, the water in the lake had reached an all-time low.
a
1A
analysis
análisis
Chemical analysis revealed a high content of copper.
a
1A
annoy
hacer enfadar
Tim really annoyed me in the meeting this morning.
a
1A
appoint
nombrar
We've appointed three new teachers this year.
b
1A
bicker
discutir
Will you two stop bickering!
b
1A
blissfully
dichosamente
They seemed blissfully happy.
b
1A
butt in
interrumpir alguien que habla Norma always butts in when we're talking.
c
1A
cashier
cajero
I smiled at the cashier and gave her my credit card.
c
1A
chatty
hablador / a
My manager said I am too chatty at work.
c
1A
cheerful
alegre
He's usually fairly cheerful.
c
1A
constantly
constantemente
He's constantly changing his mind.
c
1A
consumer
consumidor
The new telephone rates will affect all consumers including businesses.
d
1A
demand
demanda
There was little demand for tickets.
d
1A
disabled space
aparcamiento para minusválidos
If you have a disabled badge in your car, you can park in a disabled space.
e
1A
expect
esperar
He didn't expect to see me.
f
1A
fishcake
pescado rebozado
Fishcakes are on the menu today.
f
1A
friendliness
simpatía
Serena is very popular because of her friendliness.
g
1A
genuinely
sinceramente
I'm genuinely sorry for what I said, I really am.
g
1A
grab
arrebatar/agarrar
A mugger grabbed her handbag as she was walking across the park.
g
1A
gritted
apretar
gritted teeth
g
1A
grumble
quejarse
She spent the evening grumbling to me about her job.
h
1A
high street
calle principal
There's a new Italian restaurant opening on the high street.
h
1A
highly
sumamente
a highly profitable line of products
i
1A
impressed
impresionado / a
I wasn't very impressed with the performance.
i
1A
impression
impresión
It makes/gives/creates a very bad impression if you're late for an interview.
i
1A
indication
indicio
Helen's face gave no indication of what she was thinking.
i
1A
initially
al principio
Initially, most people approved of the new scheme.
i
1A
insincere
poco sincero /a
an insincere apology
i
1A
intervene
intervenir
i
1A
-ish
casi (nuevo)
The Central Bank intervened in the currency markets today to try to stabilize the exchange rate. They have a four-bedroom house on a newish estate.
k
1A
keep up
mantener el ritmo
Supply of the goods is failing to keep up with demand.
m 1A
marketing
márketing
a career in marketing
m 1A
myself
yo mismo / a
I've bought myself a new coat.
n
1A
niceness
amabilidad
Our company values niceness.
o
1A
overhear
escuchar sin querer
I overheard a very funny conversation on the bus this morning.
o
1A
overused
utilizado / a en exceso
overused expressions
p
1A
perfectly
perfectamente
The jacket fits perfectly, the skirt not so well.
p
1A
perky
alegre/animado
You look very perky this morning.
p
1A
pregnant
embarazada
She's five and a half months pregnant.
p
1A
publisher
editorial
Janet edited books for a variety of publishers.
p
1A
pushy
insistente/prepotente/ ambicioso
a pushy salesman
r
1A
readership
número de lectores
The magazine has a readership of over 250 000.
r
1A
runaway
éxito obtenido muy rápido
Her first novel's runaway (= surprisingly big) success came as a great surprise.
r
1A
rush up
venir corriendo precipitadamente
She rushed up to me and asked me a question.
s
1A
self-help
autoayuda
self-help books
s
1A
several
diversos / as
Several people have complained about the scheme.
s
1A
simply
simplemente
I don't like my job - I simply do it for the money.
s
1A
slump
desplomarse
She slumped into the chair, exhausted.
s
1A
strongly
firmemente
They strongly believe their children should make choices for themselves.
s
1A
swing
abrirse
The door swung open.
t
1A
technique
técnica
t
1A
total
total
t
1A
towards
hacia
We have developed a new technique for detecting errors in the manufacturing process. At that time of day, cars with only one occupant accounted for almost 80% of the total. They've always been very friendly towards me.
t
1A
try out
probar
Don't forget to try out the equipment before setting up the experiment.
t
1A
turn-off
ningún atractivo
u
1A
uncomfortable
incómodo / a
This system may provide a powerful tool for adults who find computers a turn-off yet need to learn to use them. an uncomfortable silence
u
1A
unfinished
inacabado / a
I still have some unfinished business with you.
w 1A
wander
deambular/pasear/vagar
We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city.
w 1A
weapon
arma
a lethal weapon
w 1A
witter on
parlotear/hablar durante un buen rato
He'd been wittering on about his neighbours for half the morning.
w 1A
working
laboral
a 37-hour working week
y
1A
youth
juventud
the youth of today
a
1B
add up
significar
It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.
b
1B
barely
apenas
After paying for our travel costs, we barely broke even.
b
1B
basis
régimen
b
1B
broadly
en términos generales
Most of our staff work for us on a voluntary basis (= They work without being paid). Broadly speaking, don't you think women make better drivers than men?
c
1B
commitment
compromiso
her commitment to left-wing politics/the cause of feminism/the company
c
1B
confidant
confidente
a close confidant
c
1B
confide
confiar
She's nice, but I don't feel I can confide in her.
d
1B
depth
profundidad
the depth of a lake/pond
e
1B
everyday
cotidiana
the everyday lives of ordinary Russian citizens
f
1B
friendship
amistad
Their friendship goes back to when they were at school together.
f
1B
funnily enough
curiosamente
I have met him, funnily enough.
h
1B
hobby
pasatiempo
Ben's hobby is restoring vintage motorcycles.
i
1B
include
incluir
The bill includes tax and service.
i
1B
increasingly
cada vez más
to be increasingly important/common
i
1B
intentionally
intencionadamente
I didn't ignore her intentionally - I just didn't recognize her.
i
1B
interest
interés
I've always had an interest in astronomy.
i
1B
irritate
irritar
After a while her behaviour really began to irritate me.
k
1B
keep track
seguir los acontecimientos
m 1B
meaningful
profundo / a
My sister has had so many different jobs, I find it hard to keep track (of what she's doing). She seems to find it difficult to form meaningful relationships.
n
1B
necessity
necesidad
With a personal fortune of six million pounds, she certainly doesn't work out of necessity (= because she needs to).
n
1B
nightclub
club nocturno
We went dancing at a nightclub.
n
1B
no longer
dejar de
The cinema is no longer used.
o
1B
overload
sobrecarga
People today suffer from information overload.
p
1B
purely
puramente
On a purely practical level, it is difficult to see how such proposals would work.
r
1B
realistically
de manera realista
Realistically speaking, he hadn't a hope, but that didn't stop him trying.
r
1B
regularly
habitualmente
Accidents regularly occur on this bend.
s
1B
sex
sexo
What sex is your cat?
s
1B
substitute
suplente
a substitute teacher
t
1B
terms
relaciones
I've always been on good terms with my neighbours.
t
1B
text-based
basada en envio de mensajes escritos
My girlfriend lives in another city so our relationship is almost totally text-based.
t
1B
two-fifths
dos quintas (partes)
What is two-fifths of 1210?
u
1B
unburden
descargarse/desahogarse/ aliviarse
He'll unburden himself to anyone who'll listen.
u
1B
ungrateful
desagradecido / a
He is always so ungrateful.
u
1B
unload
descargar / desahogarse
I'm afraid I've been unloading my worries on poor Ann here.
w 1B
wavelength
longitud de onda
I can't seem to get on with him - we're just not on the same wavelength.
b
1C
besides
además
She won't mind your being late besides, it's hardly your fault.
b
1C
boot
maletero
My suitcase is in the boot of my car.
b
1C
bore
aburrir
"Am I boring you?" she asked anxiously.
c
1C
convinced
convencido / a
My boyfriend says I'd enjoy a walking holiday, but I'm not convinced.
c
1C
costs
gastos
We need to cut our advertising costs.
c
1C
crow
cuervo
My girlfriend is scared of birds, especially crows.
c
1C
crowd
grupo
She goes about with a friendly crowd.
d
1C
data
datos
The data was/were collected by various researchers.
e
1C
ensure
asegurar
The role of the police is to ensure (that) the law is obeyed.
e
1C
entirely
completamente
I admit it was entirely my fault.
f
1C
frighten
espantar/asustar
He frightens me when he drives so fast.
g
1C
gain
obtener
What do you hope to gain from the course?
i
1C
icy
congelado / a
icy roads
i
1C
inaccessible
inaccesible
one of the most inaccessible places in the world
i
1C
in-laws
suegros
My in-laws are coming for Christmas.
m 1C
manual
manual
a DIY manual
m 1C
molehill
topera
m 1C
motorway
autopista
m 1C
must
deber
You're making a mountain out of a molehill. You wrote one bad essay - it doesn't mean you're going to fail your exam. Because of the bad weather, motorway (driving) conditions are expected to be hazardous tonight. We must get someone to fix that wheel.
p
1C
peanuts
cacahuetes
They pay people peanuts in that organization.
p
1C
pointless
sin sentido
This is a pointless exercise.
p
1C
prospect
la idea/perspectiva
The prospect of spending three whole days with her fills me with horror.
q
1C
quietly
silenciosamente
I slipped quietly out of the back door.
r
1C
rave
hablar con entusiasmo
She raved about/over the clothes she had seen at the Paris fashion shows.
r
1C
resist
resistir
She couldn't resist laughing at him in those clothes.
r
1C
roadworks
obras
There are delays on the M4 because of roadworks.
s
1C
saying
dicho
As the saying goes, 'Don't count your chickens before they're hatched'.
s
1C
spoil
mimar
t
1C
totally
totalmente
When I'm feeling miserable I go shopping and spoil myself - a couple of new dresses always make me feel better. Her second husband is totally different from Mark.
v
1C
venture
expresar
She tentatively ventured the opinion that the project would be too expensive to complete, but the boss ignored her.
a
2A
academic
académico / a
academic subjects/qualifications/books
a
2A
affectionate
afectuoso / a
He's an affectionate little boy.
a
2A
astounding
sorprendente
an astounding fact/decision/revelation
a
2A
atlas
atlas
an atlas of the world
a
2A
autistic
autista
One child in 5 000 is autistic.
b
2A
belief
confianza
b
2A
bellow
grito agudo/bramido
Recent revelations about corruption have shaken many people's belief in (= caused people to have doubts about) the police. He gave a bellow of rage.
b
2A
bespectacled
con gafas
a small, bespectacled man in a drab suit
b
2A
brilliance
brillantez
Her first novel showed signs of brilliance.
b
2A
bubble
burbuja
As water begins to boil, bubbles rise ever faster to the surface.
c
2A
cleverest
la más inteligente
She is the cleverest student in the class.
c
2A
confusing
confuso / a
The transition from boyhood to manhood can be a confusing period.
d
2A
deficiency
deficiencia
Pregnant women often suffer from iron deficiency.
d
2A
deficient
carente
A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.
d
2A
developmentally
trastornos en el desarrollo
developmentally disabled
d
2A
directory
directorio
Look up their number in the telephone directory.
d
2A
disabled
minusválido
The accident left him severely disabled.
d
2A
distribute
distribuir
Their teacher distributed a review for the exam.
d
2A
dub
apodar
She was dubbed by the newspapers 'The Angel of Death'.
e
2A
emotional
emocional
a child's emotional development
f
2A
firmly
firmemente
We are firmly committed to reducing unemployment.
f
2A
flit
saltar (de una cosa a otra)
Sara finds it very difficult to settle - she's always flitting from one thing to another.
g
2A
gait
paso/manera de caminar
He walked with a slow stiff gait.
g
2A
generate
crear
The new development will generate 1500 new jobs.
g
2A
genius
genio
(an) artistic/creative/musical genius
g
2A
Google
Google
Google is a popular Internet search engine.
h
2A
hemisphere
hemisferio
The brain is divided into two hemispheres.
h
2A
hug
abrazo
Come here and give me a big hug.
i
2A
immeasurable
inmenso / a
Her films had an immeasurable effect on a generation of Americans.
i
2A
impractical
poco práctico / a
I love high heels but they're rather impractical.
i
2A
intimidating
intimidante
an intimidating array of weapons
k
2A
kindly
amable
a kindly old lady
l
2A
lifespan
duración de una vida/ promedio de vida
l
2A
lobby
recepción
The average human lifespan in the developed countries has increased over the last hundred years. Let's meet in the lobby of the hotel.
m 2A
marked
acentuado / a
The president spoke with passion for an hour, in marked contrast to his subdued address to the parliament yesterday.
m 2A
mathematical
matemática
a mathematical formula
m 2A
mega-
mega
megacomputer/mega-savant
m 2A
memorise
memorizar
When I was at school, we were required to memorize a poem every week.
m 2A
motor
motriz
He has poor motor control/functions.
m 2A
mutter
murmurar
Stop muttering and speak up!
n
2A
neck
cuello
He had the thickest neck I'd ever seen.
o
2A
Oscar-winning
ganadora de un Oscar
She is an Oscar-winning actress.
p
2A
painter
pintor
J.M.W. Turner is one of Britain's bestknown landscape painters.
p
2A
possess
poseer
I don't possess a single DVD.
p
2A
prove
resultar
That theory was proved false.
s
2A
savant
persona con memoria y habilidades inusuales
savant syndrome
s
2A
scan
éscaner / exploración
an ultrasound scan
s
2A
screenwriter
guionista cinematográfico
Who is the best young screenwriter?
s
2A
seek out
buscar
While he was at the library, Steve decided to seek out some information on accommodation in the area. He shuffled into the kitchen, leaning on his walking stick.
s
2A
shuffle
arrastrar (los pies)
s
2A
simultaneously
simultáneamente
I was trying to do three things simultaneously.
s
2A
socially
socialmente
Socially, she's a disaster - she's always offending someone or picking a fight.
t
2A
temporal lobe
lóbulo temporal
the temporal lobe of the brain
t
2A
theory
teoría
Darwin's theory of evolution
t
2A
thoroughly
profundamente
I thoroughly enjoyed the performance.
u
2A
uncertain
incierto / a
New arrivals face an uncertain future.
u
2A
unconditional
incondicional
the unconditional love that one has for one's child
u
2A
unsuitable
inadecuado / a
Completely unsuitable candidates were screened out at the first interview.
u
2A
urge
instar
Lawyers will urge the parents to take further legal action.
v
2A
variable
variable
a variable interest rate
w 2A
whom
quien
I met a man with whom I used to work.
a
2B
adorable
adorable
She has the most adorable two-year-old girl.
b
2B
backwater
remanso de agua
We tied the boat up in a quiet backwater overnight.
b
2B
beard
barba
a flowing white beard
b
2B
breath-taking
impresionante
a breath-taking view
c
2B
cabin
cabaña
a log cabin
c
2B
canal
canal
c
2B
canoe
canoa
The Panama Canal provides a crucial shipping link between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. We travelled in a canoe.
c
2B
cathedral
catedral
Salisbury Cathedral
c
2B
channel
canal
a cable/terrestrial channel
c
2B
chaotic
caótico / a
c
2B
chuck
tirar
The house is a bit chaotic at the moment - we've got all these extra people staying and we're still decorating. Chuck it over there/into the corner.
c
2B
clumsy
patoso / a
That's the third glass you've smashed this week, - you're so clumsy!
c
2B
cluster
grupo
Have a look at the cluster of galaxies in this photograph.
c
2B
coconut milk
leche de coco
This curry contains coconut milk.
c
2B
contemporary
comtemporáneo / a
contemporary music/literature/art/fashion
c
2B
curry
curry
a hot curry
d
2B
delightful
encantador / a
His sister is a delightful girl.
e
2B
enchanting
mágico / a
It's described in the guide book as 'an enchanting medieval city'.
e
2B
exotic
exótico / a
exotic flowers/food/designs
e
2B
eye-mask
antifaz
I always wear an eye-mask in bed.
f
2B
flooding
inundaciones
Some roads have been closed because of flooding.
f
2B
footstep
paso
Walking along the darkened street, he heard footsteps close behind him.
f
2B
forehead
frente
She wiped the beads of sweat from her forehead.
g
2B
glide
deslizar
The boat glided silently across the lake.
h
2B
hammock
hamaca
He loved sleeping in his hammock.
h
2B
hang
colgarse
I hung from the window with my fingertips.
h
2B
healthcare
sanidad
Healthcare workers are some of the lowest paid people in the country.
h
2B
hypnotic
hipnotizante/hipnótico / a
The beauty of the place was hypnotic.
i
2B
inexpensive
barato / a
It's an inexpensive perfume.
l
2B
lagoon
laguna
a tropical lagoon
l
2B
lick
lamer
He licked the chocolate off his fingers.
l
2B
lifetime
transcurso de una vida
l
2B
log
tronco
We'll see a tremendous lot of technological changes during/in our lifetime. a log cabin
m 2B
marble
mármol
a marble floor/statue
m 2B
massive
enorme
They've got a massive house.
m 2B
medieval
medieval
a medieval building/painting/town
m 2B
Mediterranean
Mediterránea
Mediterranean cuisine
m 2B
metallic
metálico
Our new car is metallic blue.
m 2B
monsoon
monzón
m 2B
must-
debe ( verse)
The failure of the monsoon would destroy harvests on which 1000 million people rely. It's moderately entertaining but it's certainly not a must-see film.
n
2B
net
red
a fishing net
o
2B
oil
aceite de baño
bath oil
p
2B
pancake
crep
Do you want a sweet pancake or a savoury one?
p
2B
picture-book
libro con ilustraciones
the picture-book English countryside
p
2B
plentiful
abundante
Strawberries are plentiful in the summer.
p
2B
pour
servir/verter
I spilled the juice while I was pouring it.
p
2B
preserve
conservar
We want to preserve the character of the town while improving the facilities.
r
2B
revolting
repugnante
a revolting smell of rotting cabbage
r
2B
round-necked
cuello redondo
a round-necked T-shirt
r
2B
rustic
rústico / a
a rustic bench/cabin
s
2B
scruffy
de aspecto dejado
a small, scruffy-looking man
s
2B
sip
sorber
This tea is very hot, so sip it carefully.
s
2B
snow-capped
cubierta de nieve
snow-capped mountains
s
2B
spice
especia
Cinnamon, ginger and cloves are all spices.
s
2B
sprawling
irregulares/extenderse desorganizadamente
sprawling suburbs
s
2B
stark
austero / a
s
2B
stopover
escala
It was a stark room with its white walls, and a bed and chair as the only furniture. Our tickets to Australia include a stopover for two nights in Singapore.
s
2B
strain
tensión
Their constant arguments were putting a strain on their marriage.
s
2B
straw
paja
Why don't you drink your milkshake through a straw?
s
2B
stretch
extenderse
The Andes stretch for 7250 km along the west coast of South America.
s
2B
stupid-looking
de aspecto idiota
a stupid-looking animal
s
2B
sun-roof
techo corredizo/techo plegable
My new car has a sun-roof.
s
2B
superbly-acted
muy bien interpretado
It is a superbly-acted drama.
s
2B
supper
cena
We usually have tea at about 5.30 p.m., then supper before we go to bed.
t
2B
teeth
dientes
I brush my teeth three times a day.
t
2B
tuck into
atacar
t
2B
turquoise
turquesa
Judging by the way they tucked into their dinner, they must have been very hungry. the clear turquoise water of the bay
u
2B
unspoilt
no estropeado / a
The mansion is set in 90 acres of beautiful, unspoilt countryside.
v
2B
vegetation
vegetación
The railway track will have to be cleared of vegetation if it is to be used again.
v
2B
vibrant
vibrante/vivo / a
a vibrant city
v
2B
Victorian
Victoriano / a
a Victorian terraced house
w 2B
well-decorated
bien decorado
He has a very well-decorated house.
w 2B
well-written
bien escrita
Her latest novel is very well-written.
w 2B
wonderfully
(ir) de maravilla
This sauce goes wonderfully well with fish, asparagus or new potatoes.
b
2C
bustling
animado / a
c
2C
coastal
costera
This used to be a bustling town but a lot of people have moved away over recent years. a coastal town
c
2C
contribute
contribuir
Smoking contributed to his early death.
d
2C
diverse
diverso / a
d
2C
diversity
diversidad
e
2C
explore
explorar
Linguistics embraces a diverse range of subjects such as phonetics and stylistics. Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country? to explore space
f
2C
fairytale
cuento de hadas
They had a fairytale wedding.
g
2C
glimpse
ver fugazmente
I only caught a fleeting glimpse of the driver of the getaway car, but I doubt I would recognize her if I saw her again.
i
2C
intriguing
intrigante
an intriguing possibility/question
m 2C
meandering
serpenteado
a meandering river
m 2C
modernity
modernidad
n
nail scissors
tijeras de uñas
There is a stark contrast between tradition and modernity on the streets of the city. silver nail scissors
2C
n
2C
nor
tampoco
"I've never been to Iceland." "Nor have I."
n
2C
northwest
noroeste
the sale of the company's northwest division
o
2C
open-air
al aire libre
an open-air concert/market
p
2C
port
puerto
a naval/fishing/container port
q
2C
quaint
pintoresco / a
a quaint old cottage
r
2C
region
región
the semi-desert regions of Australia
r
2C
rugged
escabroso / a
rugged landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs
s
2C
seaside
de playa
a seaside holiday/hotel/resort
s
2C
southwest
suroeste
I come from the southwest part of the island.
s
2C
splendour
esplendor
s
2C
sporting
deportivo
They bought a decaying 16th-century manor house and restored it to its original splendour. The Olympics is the biggest sporting event in the world.
s
2C
stately
majestuoso / a
stately homes
s
2C
superbly
magníficamente
The orchestra played superbly.
s
2C
surround
rodear
Snow-capped mountains surround the city.
t
2C
timelessness
sentido de atemporalidad
Rothko's paintings have a unique timelessness.
u
2C
upon
tras
hours upon hours
v
2C
vibrancy
vitalidad
No one can fail to be struck by the vibrancy of New York.
v
2C
vitamin
vitamina
a vitamin pill
w 2C
walled
amurallado / a
Why not visit the beautiful walled city of York?
w 2C
warden
guardián
a dog warden
w 2C
wealth
mucha / abundante
Jim has a wealth of teaching experience.
w 2C
woodland
bosque
a
3A
accolade
reconocimiento
The Forestry Commission is responsible for preserving over 2 million acres of woodland. This is his centennial year and he's been granted the ultimate accolade - his face on a set of three postage stamps.
a
3A
amongst
entre
Relax, you're amongst friends.
a
3A
aspect
aspecto
Which aspects of the job do you most enjoy?
a
3A
astonish
asombrar
What astonished me was that he didn't seem to mind.
b
3A
beyond
más alla
She is, beyond question, the best actress of her generation.
b
3A
bitterly
con resentimiento
He was bitterly disappointed not to get the job.
b
3A
bluff
farolear
Is he going to jump or is he only bluffing?
c
3A
cautious
prudente
He's a cautious driver.
c
3A
conclude
finalizar
She concluded the speech by reminding us of our responsibility.
c
3A
consciously
conscientemente
I don't think she's consciously rude to people - it's just her manner.
c
3A
couch
sofá
She sat down on the couch.
d
3A
depressing
deprimente
I find this weather so depressing.
d
3A
distress
ansiedad
She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.
d
3A
dominate
dominar
He refuses to let others speak and dominates every meeting.
e
3A
exhilaration
alegría
I had a fantastic feeling of exhilaration when I won the race.
e
3A
experiment
experimento
Some people believe that experiments on animals should be banned.
e
3A
extravagant
extravagante
the extravagant lifestyle of a movie star
f
3A
finicky
minucioso / a
Repairing watches must be a very finicky job.
f
3A
finishing line
meta
g
3A
gullible
crédulo / a
i
3A
impetuous
impetuoso / a
The winner crossed the finishing line 9 seconds before the second-placed runner. There are any number of miracle cures on the market for people gullible enough to buy them. He's so impetuous - why can't he think things over before he rushes into them?
i
3A
impostor
impostor
i
3A
inwardly
interiormente
k
3A
kicked-in-the-guts
patada en el estómago
I can clearly remember the kicked-in-theguts feeling I had when I lost my job.
l
3A
lack
carecer
He just lacks a little confidence.
m 3A
meticulous
meticuloso / a
Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.
n
3A
nagging
persistente
a nagging feeling
p
3A
podium
podio
Tears ran down her face as she stood on the winner's podium.
r
3A
rival
rival
He beat his closest/nearest rival by 20 marks.
s
3A
self-awareness
conocimiento de uno mismo
I think I have good self-awareness.
s
3A
sheer
puro / absoluto
The suggestion is sheer nonsense.
s
3A
similarly
igualmente
s
3A
spectrum
espectro
Cars must stop at red traffic lights: similarly (= in a similar way), bicycles should stop too. A wide spectrum of opinion was represented at the meeting.
s
3A
spontaneous
espontáneo / a
She's such a spontaneous, lively woman.
s
3A
spotlight
centro de atención
s
3A
spray
rociar
The senator has been in the spotlight recently since the revelation of his tax frauds. She sprayed herself with perfume.
s
3A
supremely
sumamente
He felt like an impostor among all those intelligent people, as if he had no right to be there. He was inwardly relieved that the test was cancelled.
Wales are supremely confident of winning the match.
s
3A
syndrome
síndrome
It's a classic case of the boredhousewife syndrome - she's got nothing to do all day except drink and go shopping. I can tailor my working hours to suit my lifestyle.
t
3A
tailor
acoplar/adaptar
t
3A
thrifty
austero / a
They have plenty of money now, but they still tend to be thrifty.
t
3A
tight-fisted
tacaño / a
Don't imagine Gillian'll buy you a drink she's too tight-fisted.
t
3A
timid
tímido /a
Lucy is a rather timid child.
t
3A
trait
rasgo
His sense of humour is one of his better traits.
t
3A
triumph
triunfo
t
3A
trusting
confiado / a
The book celebrates the hostages' remarkable triumph over appalling adversity. The child gave a lovely, trusting smile.
u
3A
unfounded
infundado / a
I'm pleased to see that our fears about the weather proved totally unfounded.
u
3A
unquestionable
hecho indiscutible
The fact that everyone will die someday is one of the unquestionables of life.
u
3A
utterly
completamente
What an utterly stupid thing to do!
v
3A
victory
victoria
v
3A
vividly
claramente
The Redskins opened the season by scoring a resounding/stunning/impressive 25-3 victory against/over Detroit. I vividly remember my first day at school.
w 3A
wolf
lobo
Wolves hunt in groups known as packs.
a
3B
amaze
sorprender
It amazes me that she's got the energy for all those parties.
a
3B
associate
asociar
Most people associate this brand with good quality.
b
3B
blocked (up)
tapado / a
I've got a blocked (up) nose.
c
3B
cheer up
animarse
She was ill so I sent her some flowers to cheer her up.
c
3B
colourful
de colores vivos
a colourful painting
d
3B
depression
depresión
I was overwhelmed by feelings of depression.
h
3B
hygiene
higiene
Poor standards of hygiene mean that the disease spreads fast.
m 3B
moderate
mediana
The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family.
p
3B
path
camino
The path to success is fraught with difficulties.
p
3B
physically
físicamente
Physically I find him very attractive.
p
3B
punishing
agotador / a
Currently she has a punishing schedule of five presentations a day.
r
3B
rarely
raramente
We rarely see each other now.
s
3B
seldom
rara vez
Now that we have a baby, we seldom get the chance to go to the cinema.
s
3B
stroke
derrame cerebral
She suffered/had a stroke which left her unable to speak.
s
3B
sunlight
luz del sol
a ray/beam/shaft/pool of sunlight
s
3B
swell (up)
hinchar
t
3B
treadmill
cinta para correr
It was obvious she had broken her toe, because it immediately started to swell (up). There are ten treadmills in the gym.
z
3B
zip
ir rápido
I'm just going to zip along to the shops I won't be long.
a
3C
athletic
atlético / a
She looks very athletic.
d
3C
discount
descuento
They usually give you a discount if you buy multiple copies.
e
3C
economical
no decir toda ( la verdad)
I was being economical with the truth.
e
3C
enthuse
entusiasmado / a
He was enthusing over a wonderful restaurant he'd been to.
f
3C
fanatic
fanático / a
a fitness/film fanatic
f
3C
fussy
recargado / a
h
3C
hairstyle
peinado
They've got those curtains that tie up with big bows - they're a bit fussy for my taste. Do you like my new hairstyle?
h
3C
handmade
hecho a mano
handmade chocolates/paper/shoes
h
3C
hearing
oído
My father is quite old now and he's increasingly hard of hearing.
h
3C
heating
calefacción
Is the heating on?
h
3C
hundred-year-old
centenario
There's a hundred-year-old tree in the garden.
i
3C
ideal
ideal
the ideal employer
o
3C
occurrence
acontecimiento
Street-fights are an everyday occurrence in this area of the city.
s
3C
senior citizen
ciudadano de edad avanzada Discounts are available for senior citizens.
t
3C
tactful
diplomático / a
Mentioning his baldness wasn't very tactful.
t
3C
ten kilometre
diez kilómetros
a ten kilometre road race
a
4A
aviation
aviación
the British Civil Aviation Authority
b
4A
bug
pinchado / a
c
4A
civilised
civilizado / a
She suspected that her phone had been bugged (= that a listening device had been hidden inside it). A fair justice system is a fundamental part of a civilised society.
c
4A
costume drama
novela de época
I love watching costume dramas on TV.
c
4A
coverage
cobertura
What did you think of the BBC's election coverage?
d
4A
defendant
acusado
The jury concluded from the evidence that the defendant was innocent.
d
4A
device
aparato
d
4A
district
distrito
Rescuers used a special device for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings. South Cambridgeshire District Council
e
4A
extraordinary
increíble
He told the extraordinary story of his escape.
f
4A
fact-based
basado / a en hechos reales
a fact-based novel
f
4A
forbid
prohibir
The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.
f
4A
formula
fórmula
There's no magic formula for success.
g
4A
glossy
ilustrado
a glossy magazine
h
4A
height
pico (temporada alta)
August is the height of the tourist season.
i
4A
immigrant
inmigrante
a large immigrant population
i
4A
intellectually
intelectualmente
She's hoping to find a job which is more demanding intellectually.
l
4A
lawsuit
litigio
Two of the directors have brought/filed a lawsuit against their former employer.
l
4A
legally
legalmente
Children under sixteen are not legally allowed to buy cigarettes.
l
4A
legitimate
legítimo / a
He claimed that the restaurant bill was a legitimate business expense.
l
4A
libel
difamación
She threatened to sue the magazine for libel.
m 4A
measure
medida
What further measures can we take to avoid terrorism?
m 4A
minister
ministro
the foreign/health minister
n
4A
newly
reciente
the newly formed residents' association
o
4A
objection
objección
Her objection to/against the plan is based on incorrect facts.
p
4A
percent
por ciento
You got 20 percent of the answers right that means one in every five.
p
4A
poke fun
reirse de
Stop poking fun at your sister.
p
4A
premium
suplemento
We're willing to pay a premium for the best location.
p
4A
press release
comunicado de prensa
The minister issued a press release shortly after her resignation.
p
4A
programming schedule programación
p
4A
proposal
propuesta
r
4A
restriction
restricción
I am responsible for the station's programming schedule. Congress has rejected the latest economic proposal put forward by the president. import/export/currency restrictions
r
4A
ridiculous
ridículo / a
Do I look ridiculous in this hat?
r
4A
ruling
sentencia
The court has made a final ruling on the case that the companies acted illegally.
s
4A
satisfaction
compensación
You've sold me a faulty product and I demand satisfaction.
s
4A
seek
buscar
Hundreds of dissidents are seeking refuge/asylum in the US embassy.
s
4A
settle for
conformarse con
They were hoping to sell their car for £2000, but settled for £1500.
s
4A
sue
demandar
t
4A
token
ficha
He was so furious about the accusations in the letter that he threatened to sue. a metal/plastic token
u
4A
undergo
someterse a
u
4A
unfaithful
infiel
u
4A
user-generated
creado por el usuario
user-generated content
v
4A
verge
a punto de
w 4A
wall
pared
a
4B
acquire
adquirir
on the verge of collapse/success/tears/death/disaster/w ar The walls in this apartment are so thin you can hear just about every word the neighbours say. As people grow older, their faces acquire more character.
a
4B
apparent
aparente
a
4B
astronaut
astronauta
b
4B
base on
basado / a en
The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
b
4B
bustle
bullicio
c
4B
cancerous
canceroso / a
I sat in a café watching the (hustle and) bustle (= busy activity) of the street outside. a cancerous growth/tumour
c
4B
cell
célula
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.
c
4B
cholera
cólera
Hundreds died of cholera.
Athletes must undergo a mandatory drugs test before competing in the championship. If a man was unfaithful to me I'd leave him no matter what the circumstances.
I was on the metro this morning when for no apparent reason the man opposite suddenly screamed. When I was young, I wanted to be an astronaut.
c
4B
circumstance
circunstancia
c
4B
coin
moneda
Obviously we can't deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances. a 10p/ten pence coin
c
4B
commerce
comercio
the world of commerce and industry
c
4B
creature
animal/criatura
Rain forests are filled with amazing creatures.
d
4B
development
desarrollo
Technological developments have changed the shape of industry.
d
4B
diagnostic
diagnóstico
diagnostic techniques/tests
e
4B
earthling
terrícola
e
4B
engine
motor
The film tells the story of a group of aliens who come to Earth to study earthlings. a jet engine
e
4B
exasperating
exasperante
It's so exasperating when he won't listen to a word that I say.
e
4B
exploration
exploración
f
4B
forerunner
precursor
g
4B
gadget
aparato
Livingstone was the first European to make an exploration of the Zambezi river. Germany's Green party was said to be the forerunner of environmental parties throughout Europe. kitchen gadgets
g
4B
gaze
comtemplar
Annette gazed admiringly at Warren as he spoke.
g
4B
geek
persona peculiar
He's such a geek.
g
4B
govern
regir
Prices of goods are governed by the cost of the raw materials, as well as by the cost of production and distribution.
g
4B
grain
grano
grains of wheat/rice
h
4B
habitat
habitat
h
4B
herd
rebaño
With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat. a herd of cattle/elephants/goats
h
4B
historian
historiador
Her father was an eminent historian.
h
4B
homo urbanus
hombre civilizado
Homo sapiens have become homo urbanus.
h
4B
hub
centro
The City of London is the hub of Britain's financial world.
i
4B
improvement
mejora
a slight improvement in the economy
i
4B
Inc.
Sociedad Anónima
Bishop Computer Services Inc.
i
4B
infuriating
irritante
It's infuriating when people keep spelling your name wrong, isn't it?
i
4B
innovation
novedad
the latest innovations in computer technology
l
4B
lengthen
alargar
There is a plan to lengthen the threeyear course to four years.
m 4B
majority
mayoría
The majority of the employees have university degrees.
m 4B
millennia
milenio
The book is a history of the last two millennia.
m 4B
misgovernment
mal gobierno
A decade of misgovernment has bankrupted the country.
m 4B
multitude
multitud
o
4B
obstinate
tozudo / a
The city has a multitude of problems, from homelessness to drugs and murder. He can be very obstinate at times.
p
4B
palm
palma
This tiny device fits into the palm of your hand.
p
4B
pestilence
plaga
Thousands were killed by the pestilence.
p
4B
precede
preceder
p
4B
process
tramitar
Boutros Boutros-Ghali preceded Kofi Annan as the Secretary-General of the UN. Visa applications take 28 days to process.
r
4B
reckless
temerario-a
He was found guilty of reckless driving.
r
4B
rural
rural
The area is still very rural and undeveloped.
s
4B
scale
magnitud
We don't yet know the scale of the problem.
s
4B
settlement
asentamiento
A large Roman settlement has been discovered just outside the town.
s
4B
shape
forma
We watched the vase begin to take shape in the potter's hands.
s
4B
sophistication
sofisticación
Her sophistication is evident from the way she dresses.
s
4B
standstill
paralización
s
4B
succumb
sucumbir
The runaway bus eventually came to a standstill when it rolled into a muddy field. Thousands of cows have succumbed to the disease in the past few months.
t
4B
technological
tecnológico
Technological advances in computing and telecommunications will reduce the need for many people to travel to work.
t
4B
transform
transformarse
t
4B
tuberculosis
tuberculosis
Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly transform herself into a radiant star. Tuberculosis is a very serious disease.
u
4B
uneducated
inculto
an uneducated man
u
4B
unexpectedly
inesperadamente
I met her unexpectedly in a coffee shop.
u
4B
urban
urbano
urban development
v
4B
varied
variado / a
a varied group of people
v
4B
vehicle
vehículo
A truck driver died last night when his vehicle overturned.
v
4B
villager
aldeano
All of the villagers attended the local festival.
w 4B
wisely
saviamente
Sian had very wisely left the party before all the trouble started.
a
4C
avert
evitar
to avert a crisis/conflict/strike/famine
b
4C
belly
parte de abajo (fuselaje de un avión )
The belly of the aircraft was painted red.
b
4C
brash
presuntuoso/vulgar/ chillona
Don't you think that suit's a bit brash for a funeral?
b
4C
broadsheet
diario serio / respetable
c
4C
Capt
capitán
In Britain, the broadsheets are generally believed to be more serious than the tabloids. Capt Walter Raleigh
c
4C
catastrophe
catástrofe
They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come.
c
4C
circulation
circulación
The paper has a circulation of 150 000.
c
4C
crash-land
aterrizaje forzoso
The jet crash-landed and burst into flames.
c
4C
crisp
incisivo / a
a crisp reply
d
4C
detach
desprender/separar
You can detach the hood if you prefer the coat without it.
d
4C
distinction
distinción
There's a clear distinction between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
d
4C
downmarket
barato y de baja calidad
a downmarket tabloid newspaper
e
4C
evacuate
evacuar
A thousand people were evacuated from their homes following the floods.
f
4C
format
formato
The format of the magazine has changed.
g
4C
grassy
cubierto / a de césped
a grassy slope/hillside
h
4C
heroic
heroico
My great grandfather was a heroic soldier.
i
4C
in tune
en sintonia
Much of his success comes from being in tune with what his customers want.
i
4C
injury
lesión
a head/back/knee injury
j
4C
jet
a reacción
a jet plane
l
4C
layout
distribución
I like the layout of the house.
m 4C
middle-of-the-road
moderado / a
middle-of-the-road pop music
n
4C
nonetheless
aún así
p
4C
Prof.
profesora
There are serious problems in our country. Nonetheless, we feel this is a good time to return. Prof. Tina Pritchard
r
4C
red-top
prensa sensacionalista
I read the red-tops every morning.
r
4C
runway
pista
s
4C
saxophone
saxofón
The environmentalists protested against the government's decision to build a third runway at the airport. My father plays the saxophone.
s
4C
skid
patinar
Trevor's bus skidded on some ice and hit a tree.
s
4C
slide
tobogán
an emergency slide
s
4C
snappy
pegadizo y con estilo
They're looking for a snappy slogan to communicate the campaign's message.
s
4C
so-called
llamado / a
It isn't yet clear how destructive this socalled 'super virus' is.
s
4C
splash
artículo para captar la atención
The newspaper's splash is usually a business story.
s
4C
St
calle
My address is 19 East Norwood St.
s
4C
swoop
descender en picado
The eagle swooped down to snatch a young rabbit.
t
4C
tabloid
prensa sensacionalista
the tabloid press
t
4C
Tues
martes
See you on Tues.
u
4C
undercarriage
tren de aterrizaje
an aircraft undercarriage
a
5A
admirer
admirador
She's got plenty of admirers.
a
5A
allegedly
según dice
That's where he allegedly killed his wife.
b
5A
bulk
grueso
In fact, the bulk of the book is taken up with criticizing other works.
c
5A
'can-do' attitude
actitud positiva
Her 'can-do' attitude is what made her our choice for the job.
c
5A
captivate
cautivar
With her beauty and charm, she captivated film audiences everywhere.
c
5A
concentrate
concentrar
Come on, concentrate! We haven't got all day to do this.
c
5A
counter-attack
contraataque
c
5A
counterbalance
contrapeso
c
5A
courtier
cortesano
The rebels have launched a strong counter-attack against the government forces. Her calm nature served as a natural counterbalance to his excitable personality. Many of the courtiers were upset by the princess's resistance to tradition.
d
5A
detract from
restar importancia
All that make-up she wears actually detracts from her beauty, I think.
d
5A
drudgery
trabajo pesado y monótono
the drudgery of housework
f
5A
fetch
alcanzar
f
5A
flash
brillar
Could you fetch me my glasses/fetch my glasses for me from the other room, please? The lightning flashed and distant thunder rolled.
g
5A
gatekeeper
portero
social gatekeepers
g
5A
genuine
auténtico / a
g
5A
glamour
encanto
Machiko looked at me in genuine surprise - "Are you really going?" she said. Who can resist the glamour of Hollywood?
h
5A
humble
humilde
He's very humble about his success.
i
5A
interaction
interacción
There's not enough interaction between the management and the workers.
i
5A
interlocked
entrelazado / a
interlocked paving
l
5A
laundry
ropa sucia
I've got to do my laundry.
l
5A
limo
limosina
I arrived at the party in a limo.
o
5A
opposition
oposición
There is a lot of opposition to the proposed changes.
o
5A
originate
originar
o
5A
overhead
por encima
Although the technology originated in the UK, it has been developed in the US. A flock of geese flew overhead.
o
5A
overworked
saturado de trabajo
an overworked civil servant
p
5A
powerful
poderoso / a
The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister.
p
5A
premiere
estreno
p
5A
principal
protagonista principal
p
5A
profession
profesión
The world premiere of the opera will be at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York. None of the principals in the production received any payment for their performances. He left the teaching profession in 1965 to set up his own business.
p
5A
proximity
proximidad
The best thing about the location of the house is its proximity to the town centre.
p
5A
pseud(o)-
pseudo
pseudo-friendship
r
5A
recurrent
recurrente
r
5A
round-the-clock
dia y noche ( las 24 horas)
LeFanu suffered all his life from a recurrent nightmare that he was trapped in a falling house. She needed round-the-clock nursing.
r
5A
rub shoulders (with)
codearse con
She claims that she rubs shoulders with royalty all the time.
s
5A
sacrifice
sacrificar
Many women sacrifice interesting careers for their family.
s
5A
selfless
desinteresado / a
selfless devotion to duty
s
5A
semi-
semi
semi-circle/semi-famous
s
5A
skimmed
desnatada
skimmed milk
s
5A
spouse
esposa
In 60% of the households surveyed both spouses went out to work.
s
5A
stardom
estrellato / fama
From childhood, Britney Spears seemed destined for stardom.
s
5A
stepping stone
trampolín
I see this job just as a stepping stone to better things.
s
5A
stupor
estupor
He was lying under the table in a drunken stupor.
s
5A
superficial
superficial
He's fun to be with, but he's very superficial.
s
5A
superwoman
supermujer
She said that she was tired of being expected to be a superwoman.
s
5A
supplement
complementar
He supplements his income by working in a bar in the evening.
t
5A
the Internet
Internet
I found out about the bombings from/on the Internet.
t
5A
tightly
estrechamente
Many commuters are forced to stand, tightly packed in, like sardines.
t
5A
trivial
trivial
I don't know why he gets so upset about something that is utterly trivial.
t
5A
trusted
de confianza
She is my most trusted friend.
u
5A
underfoot
debajo de los pies
The grass was cool and pleasant underfoot.
v
5A
vain
vanidoso / a
He was very vain about his hair and his clothes.
y
5A
yourselves
vosotros mismos
Did you make the dresses yourselves?
c
5B
cerebral palsy
parálisis cerebral
He suffers from cerebral palsy.
c
5B
champion
campeón
an Olympic champion
c
5B
coordinate
coordinar
Cerebral palsy affects the sufferer's ability to coordinate body movements.
c
5B
curriculum
curriculum
the school curriculum
d
5B
debut album
primer album
His debut album was released in January 2008.
d
5B
dressage
adiestramiento de caballos
a dressage competition
e
5B
enrol
matricularse en
I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.
e
5B
exceptional
excepcional
exceptional powers of concentration
f
5B
focus
foco
h
5B
horse-riding
montar a caballo
The main focus of interest at the fashion show was Christian Lacroix's outrageous evening wear. I enjoyed horse-riding when I was young.
i
5B
intend
tener la intención
We intend to go to Australia next year.
n
5B
necessitate
requerir
o
5B
optional
opcional
Reduction in government spending will necessitate further cuts in public services. English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are optional.
o
5B
overspend
gastar más de la cuenta
The council seems likely to overspend this year.
p
5B
paralympics
paralímpicos
The Paralympic Games are held in a different country on each occasion.
r
5B
rapper
rapero
Who is your favourite rapper?
r
5B
regardless
a pesar de
r
5B
restless
inquieto / a
She knew it was dangerous to visit him except at night, but she set out regardless (of the risk). He's a restless type - he never stays in one country for long.
s
5B
secondary
secundaria
secondary education
s
5B
standard
nivel
This essay is not of an acceptable standard - do it again.
u
5B
unaided
sin ayuda
Since his accident, he hasn't been able to walk unaided.
v
5B
visualise
visualizar
I was so surprised when he turned up I'd visualised someone much older.
a
5C
accepted
aceptado / a
The idea is not accepted (= approved of) in political circles.
a
5C
achievement
éxito/logro
An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.
b
5C
bonus
bono
a productivity bonus
c
5C
chap
tipo
He's a friendly sort of a chap.
c
5C
checkout
caja
Your fruit and vegetables will be weighed at the checkout.
c
5C
concede
admitir
The Government has conceded (that) the new tax policy has been a disaster.
c
5C
counter-argument
contraargumento
He came up with an excellent counterargument.
c
5C
crèche
guardería
Does your employer provide a crèche?
d
5C
dead-end job
sin futuro
I am planning to escape from my deadend job.
d
5C
dubious
sospechoso / a
I'm dubious about his promises to change his ways.
f
5C
forgive
perdonar
i
5C
inheritance
herencia
I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me for getting her name wrong that time. The large inheritance from his aunt meant that he could buy his own boat.
i
5C
inseparable
inseparable
When we were kids Zoe and I were inseparable.
j
5C
justify
justificar
I can't really justify taking another day off work.
m 5C
minimum wage
salario mínimo
It is very difficult to survive on the minimum wage.
m 5C
misguided
desacertado / a
He was shot as he made a misguided attempt to stop the robbers singlehanded.
p
5C
prior
previo / a
The course required no prior knowledge of Spanish.
p
5C
provision
suministro
The provision of good public transport will be essential for developing the area.
r
5C
relieved
aliviado / a
I'm so relieved to find you - I thought you'd already gone.
r
5C
retirement
jubilación
Many teachers over the age of 50 are taking early retirement.
r
5C
rut
rutina aburrida
s
5C
settle in
instalarse
I've got to change jobs - after 15 years here I feel I'm (stuck) in a rut (= I'm bored). Once we've settled in, you must come round for dinner.
s
5C
shadow
acompañar
s
5C
sleepover
pasar la noche en casa de alguien
s
5C
snowed under
estar inundado de
I'm absolutely snowed under with work at the moment.
s
5C
stuck
estancado / a
I'm stuck in a rut (= I'm bored).
s
5C
subsequent
posterior
t
5C
telephone
teléfono
The book discusses his illness and subsequent resignation from the government. a telephone survey
a
6A
advancement
ascenso
All she was interested in was the advancement of her own career.
a
6A
amusing
divertido / a
an amusing story/person/situation
a
6A
anti-social
antisocial
anti-social behaviour
a
6A
archive
archivo
archive film/footage/material
b
6A
basket
cesto
a shopping/picnic basket
b
6A
boundary
frontera/límites
c
6A
charming
encantador / a
Electronic publishing is blurring the boundaries between dictionaries and encyclopedias. We had dinner with our director and his charming wife.
c
6A
corridor
pasillo
Your first week in the job will be spent shadowing one of our more experienced employees. Let's have a sleepover at my house.
Her office is at the end of the corridor.
c
6A
cow
vaca
a dairy cow
c
6A
cunningly
astutamente
He behaved very cunningly.
d
6A
decidedly
sin duda
An agreement is looking decidedly difficult according to the newspapers.
d
6A
disaffected
insatisfecho / a
The party needs to take steps to attract disaffected voters.
d
6A
distinctly
claramente
She looks distinctly fitter these days.
d
6A
duck
pato
Let's go and feed the ducks.
e
6A
exit
salida
a fire exit
e
6A
extensive
extenso / a
extensive repairs to the motorway
f
6A
facial
facial
facial hair
f
6A
feedback
comentario/reacción
Have you had any feedback from customers about the new soap?
f
6A
furthermore
además
h
6A
hallway
vestíbulo
I suggest we use Barkers as our main suppliers - they're good and furthermore they're cheap. I walked through the door and into the hallway.
h
6A
hardly
apenas
I could hardly hear her at the back.
h
6A
heel
tacón
high-heeled shoes
h
6A
held
sustentado / a
firmly held beliefs
h
6A
hooligan
gamberro
Hooligans had sprayed paint all over the car.
h
6A
hop
saltar
The rabbit/bird hopped across the grass.
i
6A
illustrate
ilustrar
The lecturer illustrated his point with a diagram on the blackboard.
i
6A
inability
incapacidad
k
6A
kitten
gatito / a
Inability to use a computer is a serious disadvantage when you are applying for jobs. I'm going to buy my daughter a kitten for her birthday.
m 6A
marginally
ligeramente
marginally more expensive
m 6A
matching
que hace juego
a green dress with matching green handbag
m 6A
mechanism
mecanismo
She's actually rather insecure, and her rudeness is just a defence mechanism.
m 6A
mental
mental
His physical and mental health had got worse.
m 6A
mindset
disposición
to have a different/the same mindset
o
6A
out-do
sobrepasar
He always tries to out-do everybody else in the class.
p
6A
participant
participante
The students claim to be willing participants in the experiment.
p
6A
patrol
patrullado / a
The whole town is patrolled by police because of the possibility of riots.
p
6A
pebble
de piedras
This part of the coast has pebble beaches.
p
6A
peculiar
peculiar
She has the most peculiar ideas.
p
6A
perform
realizar
Computers can perform a variety of tasks.
p
6A
perk
ventaja
p
6A
phenomenon
fenómeno
A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job. Do you believe in the paranormal and other psychic phenomena?
p
6A
pittance
miseria
He works hard but he's paid a pittance.
p
6A
pond
estanque
a duck pond
p
6A
professor
profesor
Professor Stephen Hawking
p
6A
push
empujar
push boundaries
q
6A
quack
graznido
I heard quacks coming from the pond.
q
6A
quirky
extravagante
He was tall and had a quirky, off-beat sense of humour.
r
6A
regard
considerar
Her parents always regarded her as the cleverest of their children.
r
6A
relaxing
relajante
a relaxing holiday
r
6A
reverse
al revés
To stop the engine, you repeat the same procedures, but in reverse.
r
6A
run-of-the-mill
moderado / a
He gave a fairly run-of-the-mill speech.
s
6A
shopper
comprador
crowds of Christmas shoppers
s
6A
significantly
significativamente
s
6A
somewhat
un tanto
My piano playing has improved significantly since I've had a new teacher. She's somewhat more confident than she used to be.
s
6A
speciality
especialidad
s
6A
stuffed toy
muñeco de peluche
s
6A
stylish
elegante
The film's direction is subtle and stylish.
s
6A
subconscious
subconsciente
The memory was buried deep within my subconscious.
s
6A
submission
presentación
The final deadline for submissions is February 21st.
s
6A
sugary
dulce
all those sugary snacks that kids eat
s
6A
supporter
seguidor
Thousands of supporters have travelled to London for the cup final.
s
6A
sweater
jersey
Put a sweater on if you're cold.
u
6A
unaware
inconsciente
I was quite unaware of the problem.
u
6A
unrelated
no relacionado / a
Police said his death was unrelated to the attack.
w 6A
wrinkled
arrugado / a
a wrinkled face
a
6B
accumulation
acumulación
a
6B
adopt
adoptar
Despite this accumulation of evidence, the Government persisted in doing nothing. I think it's time to adopt a different strategy in my dealings with him.
a
6B
advertiser
anunciante
The political economy of European integration is one of the professor's specialities. My baby daughter loves playing with her stuffed toys.
Whilst claiming to promote positive images of women, advertisers are in fact doing the very opposite.
a
6B
antagonise
enfadarse
It's a very delicate situation and I've no wish to antagonise him.
b
6B
billboard
valla publicitaria
an advertising billboard
b
6B
buzz
expectación
His new album is creating a real buzz in the music world.
c
6B
capsule
cápsula
The liquid is contained within a small capsule.
c
6B
catchphrase
eslogan
Advertising campaigns often use catchphrases.
c
6B
charitable
benéfico / a
a charitable foundation/organization/trust
c
6B
chart
gráfica
We need some sort of graph on which we can chart our progress.
c
6B
commercial
anuncio publicitario
a commercial break
c
6B
copywriter
redactor de material publicitario
We are advertising for a new copywriter.
c
6B
cynical
cínico / a
I've always been deeply cynical about politicians.
d
6B
deed
acciones
It seems to me that a lot of evil deeds are done in the name of religion.
d
6B
despise
odiar
The two groups despise each other.
d
6B
dislike
no gustar
I dislike walking and I hate the countryside.
e
6B
effectiveness
eficacia
e
6B
essay
disertación
There are doubts about the effectiveness of the new drug in treating the disease. For homework I want you to write an essay on endangered species.
e
6B
experimentation
experimento
Extensive experimentation (= testing) is needed before new drugs can be sold.
e
6B
expose
estar expuesto / a
About 800,000 children are exposed to poisons each year.
f
6B
forgivable
perdonable
a forgivable mistake
f
6B
fundraising
recaudación de fondos
The summer fête will be the school's main fundraising event this year.
g
6B
golden
dorado / a
the golden days of our youth
g
6B
gush
emanar
Her arm gushed blood where the knife had gone in.
h
6B
hype
despliegue/bombo publicitario
media hype
i
6B
image-conscious
consciente de la imagen
He's terribly image-conscious.
i
6B
imaginative
imaginativo / a
an imaginative new approach/policy
i
6B
informative
informativo / a
This is an interesting and highly informative book.
i
6B
intrusive
indiscreto / a
intrusive questioning
l
6B
leap
saltar
He leapt out of his car and ran towards the house.
l
6B
likewise
igualmente
Just water these plants twice a week, and likewise the ones in the bedroom.
l
6B
loathing
odio
The thought of him touching her filled her with deep loathing.
m 6B
manipulate
manipular
Throughout her career she has very successfully manipulated the media.
m 6B
motivated
motivado / a
a racially-motivated murder
m 6B
much
muy
This is a much discussed issue.
o
6B
overcome
superar
o
6B
overuse
sobreusar
to overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistanc e I tend to overuse certain favourite expressions.
p
6B
previously
anteriormente
She was previously employed as a tour guide.
r
6B
racism
racismo
The authorities are taking steps to combat/fight/tackle racism in schools.
r
6B
refusal
rechazo
r
6B
renovation
reformas
Our request for permission to travel met with/received a flat/point-blank refusal from the authorities. The museum is closed for renovation.
r
6B
resistance
resistencia
resistance to disease
r
6B
roam
deambular
After the pubs close, gangs of youths roam the city streets.
s
6B
showing
proyección
This is the film's first showing on British television.
s
6B
sneaky
secreto / a
a sneaky plan
s
6B
sponsored
patrocinado / a
a sponsored run
s
6B
stealth
cautela
These thieves operate with terrifying stealth - they can easily steal from the pockets of unsuspecting travellers.
s
6B
swimming pool
piscina
an indoor/outdoor swimming pool
t
6B
tap
grifo
the hot/cold tap
t
6B
thereby
de este modo
u
6B
ultimately
finalmente
u
6B
unannounced
sin avisar
Diets that are high in saturated fat and cholesterol tend to clog up our arteries, thereby reducing the blood flow to our hearts and brains. Everything will ultimately depend on what is said at the meeting with the directors next week. She appeared unannounced and took control of the meeting.
u
6B
unofficial
extraoficial
unofficial estimates/figures/reports
v
6B
visual
visual
visual stimulus/impact/abilities
w 6B
welfare
bienestar
The police are very concerned for the welfare of the missing child.
w 6B
well-being
sentirse bien
People doing yoga benefit from an increased feeling of well-being.
w 6B
whaling
caza de ballenas
Whaling is legal in some countries.
w 6B
witty
ingenioso / a
a witty comment/remark
w 6B
word-of-mouth
de palabra
w 6B
wristband
pulsera
All the orders were given by word of mouth so that no written evidence could be discovered later. a rubber wristband
a
6C
arrange
arreglar
She's arranged for her son to have swimming lessons.
a
6C
attend
asistir
Over two hundred people attended the funeral.
b
6C
beckon
llamar haciendo señas para que alguien se acerque
The customs official beckoned the woman to his counter.
b
6C
better-
más
She is better-looking (= more attractive) than her brother.
b
6C
blissful
feliz
a blissful childhood/holiday
b
6C
board room
junta directiva
Let's meet in the board room.
b
6C
burly
robusto / a
a burly policeman
c
6C
cajole
convencer con artimañas
He really knows how to cajole people into doing what he wants.
c
6C
celebration
celebración
There were lively New Year celebrations all over town.
c
6C
confession
confesión
I've got a bit of a confession to make I've lost that book you lent me.
c
6C
copywriting
derechos de autor
a copywriting course
d
6C
dance-floor
pista de baile
Have you seen him on the dance-floor (= dancing)?
d
6C
deceive
engañar
The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.
d
6C
disastrous
desastroso /a
Such a war would be disastrous for the country.
d
6C
drag
arrastrar
Pick the chair up instead of dragging it behind you!
e
6C
expensive-looking
aspecto caro / a
an expensive-looking ring
f
6C
flow
corriente
the flow of ideas/information
f
6C
frown
fruncir el ceño
She frowned at me, clearly annoyed.
f
6C
fry
freir
Fry the mushrooms in a little butter.
g
6C
gloat
deleitarse con algo
She's continually gloating over/about her new job.
h
6C
hiss
silbar
People in the audience were hissing their disapproval.
i
6C
imply
insinuar
Are you implying (that) I'm fat?
l
6C
lad
chico
A group of young lads were standing outside the shop.
l
6C
leap up
saltar
I leaped up to answer the phone.
l
6C
literally
literalmente
I was literally bowled over by the news.
l
6C
lively
vivo / a
The room was painted a lively electric blue.
l
6C
love-struck
cegado de amor
Look at me, I'm behaving like a lovestruck teenager!
l
6C
luckless
sin suerte
The luckless defender, Mark Emery, sustained his third injury of the season.
m 6C
minor
de poca importancia
a minor operation
n
6C
nod
asentir con la cabeza
Many people in the audience nodded in agreement.
n
6C
nudge
dar golpes con el codo
The children were giggling and nudging each other.
o
6C
operation
en funcionamiento
There are several reactors of the type in operation at the moment.
o
6C
out-of-this-world
de otro mundo
It was an out-of-this-world experience.
p
6C
passer-by
transeúnte
The gunmen opened fire, killing a policeman and a passer-by.
p
6C
pause
pararse
He paused and thought for a moment.
p
6C
pluck up
armarse de valor
He finally plucked up courage to ask her to marry him.
p
6C
pout
poner mala cara
Vanessa always pouts if she doesn't get what she wants.
r
6C
recall
recordar
The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war.
r
6C
ruin
arruinar
Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline.
s
6C
scam
estafa
an insurance scam
s
6C
scary
de terror
a scary movie/story
s
6C
shoo
hacer marchar / espantar
Go and shoo that cat away before it catches a bird.
s
6C
somersault
voltereta
She was so happy she turned three somersaults on the lawn.
t
6C
time-share
multipropiedad
We've bought a time-share in Spain.
t
6C
twist
giro
u
6C
urge
deseo
The story took a surprise twist today with media reports that the doctor had resigned. The urge to steal is very strong in many of the young men we look after here.
w 6C
whisper
susurrar
She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
a
7A
alibi
coartada
He has a cast-iron alibi - he was in hospital the week of the murder.
a
7A
ankle
tobillo
I fell over and sprained/twisted my ankle.
b
7A
bright-coloured
color vivo
We've just bought a new bright-coloured rug for the living room.
c
7A
cattle
ganado
beef/dairy cattle
c
7A
citizen
ciudadano
c
7A
confront
afrontar
c
7A
convict
convicto
The interests of British citizens living abroad are protected by the British Embassy. It's an issue we'll have to confront at some point, no matter how unpleasant it is. an escaped convict
c
7A
coursework
trabajo realizado durante el curso
Have you finished your coursework yet?
c
7A
crop
cosecha
The main crops grown for export are coffee and rice.
c
7A
cross-country
campo a través
cross-country skiing/running
d
7A
distinguishing
distintivo / a
The main distinguishing feature of the new car is its fast acceleration.
d
7A
DNA
ADN
DNA research
e
7A
ecology
ecología
The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile ecology of the coast.
e
7A
ex-
ex
ex-prisoner
f
7A
ferry
transbordador/ferry
a car ferry
f
7A
fibre
fibra
The fibres are woven into fabric.
f
7A
fjord
fiordo
the Norwegian fjords
f
7A
flour
harina
Thicken the sauce with a little flour.
f
7A
forensic
forense
forensic evidence/medicine/science
f
7A
forest
bosque
the Black Forest
f
7A
fragment
fragmento
The road was covered with fragments of glass from the shattered window.
f
7A
fraudster
estafador
i
7A
icicle
estalagtita
New measures are needed to prevent fraudsters opening bank accounts with stolen cheques. Icicles hung from the roof.
i
7A
idyllic
idílico / a
an idyllic childhood/summer
i
7A
impact
impacto
i
7A
informer
delator
The anti-smoking campaign had had/made quite an impact on young people. Most police informers receive a reward for their information.
i
7A
inhabitant
habitante
a city of 5 million inhabitants
i
7A
inmate
residente
Women make up about 6 per cent of all inmates in the U.S.
i
7A
innovative
innovador / a
innovative ideas/methods
j
7A
jail
prisión
the country's overcrowded jails
j
7A
justice
justicia
k
7A
kidnapper
secuestrador
The justice system in this country consists of a series of law courts at different levels. The police have arrested the kidnapper.
k
7A
killer
asesino
Police are still hoping to find the dead woman's killer.
k
7A
knives
cuchillos
In the car the police found guns, knives and other lethal weapons.
l
7A
landscape
paisaje
a rural/barren landscape
l
7A
lush
exhuberante
lush green valleys
m 7A
maggot
gusano
a maggot farm
m 7A
maintain
mantener
m 7A
mark
marca
Despite living in different countries, the two families have maintained close links. a distinguishing mark
m 7A
model
modelo
The educational system was a model for those of many other countries.
n
7A
narrow
estrecho / a
a narrow bridge/passage/gap
n
7A
Norwegian
Noruego / a
She is a Norwegian student.
o
7A
offender
infractor
first-time offenders
o
7A
one-square-mile
una milla cuadrada
a one-square-mile island
p
7A
philosophy
filosofía
Live now, pay later - that's my philosophy of life!
p
7A
prisoner
recluso
p
7A
puddle
charco
Prisoners climbed onto the prison roof to protest at the conditions inside the prison. a puddle of water
p
7A
punish
castigar
Those responsible for these crimes must be brought to court and punished.
r
7A
reformer
reformador
a social reformer
r
7A
rehabilitation
rehabilitación
the rehabilitation of prisoners
r
7A
re-offend
reincidir
If he re-offends, he will go back to jail for a long time.
r
7A
repeatedly
repetidamente
He telephoned repeatedly, begging her to return.
r
7A
repressive
represivo / a
a repressive military regime
r
7A
requirement
requisito
A good degree is a minimum requirement for many jobs.
r
7A
restore
restaurado / a
The badly neglected paintings have all been carefully restored.
r
7A
route
camino
A college education is often the best route to a good job.
s
7A
saliva
saliva
saliva specimens
s
7A
saw
sierra
a hand/power/chain/circular saw
s
7A
scratch
rascar
We scratched the paintwork trying to get the bed into Martha's room.
s
7A
select
escoger
There was a choice of four prizes, and the winner could select one of them.
s
7A
severely
duramente
I was severely reprimanded by my boss.
s
7A
situated
situado / a
The school is situated near to the station.
s
7A
six-year
de seis años
a six-year sentence
s
7A
slide
deslizar
When I was little I used to like sliding on the polished floor in my socks.
s
7A
small-scale
pequeña escala
a small-scale investigation
s
7A
smuggling
contrabando
The murdered man is thought to have been involved in drug smuggling.
s
7A
stable
establo
The horses are in the stables.
s
7A
stolen
robado / a
stolen goods
s
7A
sweat
sudar
t
7A
tempt
tentar
It was so hot when we arrived in Tripoli that we started to sweat as soon as we got off the plane. The offer of a free car stereo tempted her into buying a new car.
t
7A
timber
madera
a timber forest
t
7A
tool
herramienta
power tools
t
7A
tournament
torneo
a tennis/chess/golf tournament
t
7A
trace
rastro
Traces of drugs were found in his blood.
t
7A
twice-daily
dos veces al dia
There is a twice-daily bus to the city.
t
7A
twist
torcerse
I twisted my ankle last week.
u
7A
unfairly
injustamente
I think you are blaming Roger unfairly.
u
7A
unpleasant
desagradable
an unpleasant surprise
a
7B
acceptable
aceptable
This kind of attitude is simply not acceptable.
a
7B
accurately
rigurosamente
a
7B
activate
activar
The plans should be drawn as accurately as possible, showing all the measurements. The alarm is activated by the lightest pressure.
a
7B
addition
además
In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
a
7B
allege
alegar
The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions.
b
7B
biometric
biométrico / a
biometric data
b
7B
break-up
ruptura
Long separations had contributed to their marriage break-up.
c
7B
CCTV
de seguridad (circuito cerrado)
CCTV cameras
c
7B
centralise
centralizar
c
7B
closely
de cerca
Payment of bills is now centralized (= organized at one place instead of several). Please examine this information closely.
c
7B
congestion
congestión
The (traffic) congestion in the city gets even worse during the summer.
c
7B
contribution
aportación
c
7B
cookie
cookie
She didn't make much of a contribution (= She did not say much) at today's meeting, did she? I deleted all the cookies from my computer.
c
7B
co-operation
cooperación
This documentary was made with the cooperation of British Rail.
d
7B
delay
retraso
There has been a delay in the book's publication.
d
7B
documentation
documentación
d
7B
downpour
aguacero
Passengers without proper documentation will not be allowed to travel. a torrential downpour
e
7B
earthquake
terremoto
In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San Francisco.
e
7B
enforce
imponer
It isn't always easy for the police to enforce speed limits.
e
7B
exemption
exención
f
7B
fingerprint
huella digital
Candidates with a qualification in Chemistry have exemption from this course. His fingerprints were all over the gun.
g
7B
get-together
reunión
a family get-together
g
7B
grounds
alegando que
He refused to answer on the grounds that she was unfairly dismissed.
i
7B
identification
identificación
personal identification number
i
7B
implant
implante
breast/heart valve implants
i
7B
implant
implantar
i
7B
input
aportación
The owner's name and address is stored on a microchip and implanted in the dog's body. I didn't have much input into the project.
i
7B
intake
número de admitidos
i
7B
intrusion
intromisión
i
7B
iris
iris
j
7B
justified
justificado / a
I think you were quite justified in complaining.
k
7B
kick-off
inicio del partido
What time is the kick-off?
l
7B
limit
limitar
Having so little money to spend on an apartment does limit you in your choice.
l
7B
locate
localizar
Police are still trying to locate the suspect.
l
7B
locker
consigna
microchip
microchip
We had several hours to wait for our train, so we left our bags in a (luggage) locker, and went to look around the town. The microchip compresses and decompresses a colour image in less than a second.
m 7B
The teacher-training college has increased its intake of students by 50% this year. They complained about excessive government intrusion into their legitimate activities. iris recognition software
m 7B
monitoring
control
secret monitoring of phone calls
m 7B
motorist
automovilista
A passing motorist stopped and gave her a lift to the nearby town.
m 7B
movement
movimiento
He made a sudden movement and frightened the bird away.
n
7B
norm
norma
One child per family is fast becoming the norm in some countries.
n
7B
number plate
matrícula
Police are looking for a small blue car with the number plate K17 EMW.
o
7B
obesity
obesidad
A diet that is high in fat can lead to obesity.
o
7B
onset
inicio
the onset of cancer
o
7B
operate
hacer funcionar
How do you operate the remote control unit?
o
7B
outlook
pronóstico
The outlook for today is cloudy and dry at first with showers later.
p
7B
PIN
PIN (número de identificación Do not reveal your PIN to anybody. personal)
p
7B
political
políticos
political leaders
p
7B
pre-paid
pagado con antelación
Admission tickets are $20 pre-paid, $25 at the door.
p
7B
provider
suministrador
an Internet service provider
p
7B
pull down
derribar
They pulled down the warehouse to build a new supermarket.
p
7B
pupil
alumno
a second-year pupil
r
7B
race
raza
People of many different races were living side by side.
r
7B
radio-transmitting
radiotransmisor
a radio-transmitting device
r
7B
rebel
rebelde
The rebels took over the capital and set up a new government.
r
7B
religion
religión
the Christian religion
r
7B
resign
dimitir
He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job.
r
7B
restrict
restringir
measures to restrict the sale of alcohol
r
7B
retailer
comercio
a big electronics retailer
r
7B
rumoured
corre el rumor
The president is rumoured to be seriously ill.
s
7B
setback
contratiempo
There has been a slight/temporary setback in our plans.
s
7B
shelter
refugio
We were caught in a thunderstorm, without anywhere to shelter.
s
7B
stock
provisiones
It is now halfway through winter and food stocks are already low.
s
7B
store card
tarjeta de cliente
Do you have a store card?
t
7B
tagging
dispositivo personal de supervisión
electronic tagging
t
7B
track
localizar
The military use radar satellites to track targets through clouds and at night.
t
7B
tracking
localizador (dispositivo)
a tracking device
t
7B
transmit
trasmitir
Radio Seven transmits on 201 medium wave .
u
7B
universally
universalmente
The new roundabout is universally loathed by motorists.
w 7B
watcher
espectador
The new channel is certainly good news for the movie watcher.
w 7B
widely
extensamente
They have both travelled widely.
w 7B
withdraw
retirar
The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country.
w 7B
withdrawal
retirada
j
7C
(be) joined at the hip inseparable
The bank became suspicious after several large withdrawals were made from his account in a single week. They seem to be joined at the hip.
a
7C
alarm
alarma
If there's any trouble, raise/sound the alarm by pulling the emergency cord.
c
7C
coincidence
coincidencia
You chose exactly the same wallpaper as us - what a coincidence!
d
7C
defensive
defensivo / a
The merest hint of criticism makes him defensive.
f
7C
falling
caida
falling birth/interest rates
f
7C
financially
económicamente
The project is not financially viable.
f
7C
freeze
congelar
Water freezes to ice at a temperature of 0°C.
h
7C
handbag
bolso
She took her hairbrush from her handbag and began to brush her hair.
i
7C
insure
asegurado / a
All our household goods are insured against accidental damage.
i
7C
intruder
intruso
I feel like an intruder when I visit their home.
l
7C
landlord
propietario
p
7C
population
población
p
7C
pour down
llover a cántaros
The landlord had promised to redecorate the bedrooms before we moved in. There's been a 9% rise in the prison population (= the number of people in prison). It looks as though it's about to pour down (with rain).
p
7C
primary
primaria
a primary school
r
7C
rising
creciente
rising inflation
s
7C
sarcastic
sarcástico / a
a sarcastic comment/remark
s
7C
scene
escena
Evidence was found at the scene of the crime.
s
7C
scheme
proyecto
a training/housing/play scheme
s
7C
seatbelt
cinturón de seguridad
to fasten your seatbelt
s
7C
somebody
alguien
There's somebody at the door.
s
7C
spy hole
mirilla
I have a security spy hole in my front door.
t
7C
thank goodness
gracias a Dios
I managed to catch the train, thank goodness.
u
7C
unmarked
camuflado / a
an unmarked police car
v
7C
vote
votar
She was too young to vote in the national election.
a
8A
absorb
absorber
Plants absorb carbon dioxide.
a
8A
advisor
asesor
She is the party's main economic advisor.
a
8A
atmospheric
atmosférico
Plants are the main source of atmospheric oxygen.
c
8A
candidate
candidato
There are three candidates standing in the election.
c
8A
clearing up
orden y limpieza
Could you help me with the clearing up?
c
8A
conscience
conciencia
a guilty conscience
c
8A
consumption
consumo
As a nation, our consumption of junk food is horrifying.
d
8A
devastating
devastador / a
d
8A
direct-debit
domiciliación del pago
If the bomb had exploded in the main shopping area, it would have been devastating. I pay my electricity bill by direct debit.
d
8A
directly
directamente
I'm not directly involved in the project.
d
8A
doorstep
umbral de la puerta
There's a lovely park right on our doorstep.
e
8A
ease
tranquilizar
If it will ease your mind, I'll have a word with Charlotte for you.
e
8A
east
este
Cambridge is in East Anglia.
e
8A
eco-audit
auditoria ambiental
Our company is carrying out an ecoaudit.
e
8A
election
elecciones
The Government is expected to call an election very soon.
e
8A
emission
emisión
The increased use of natural gas will help reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
e
8A
environmentalist
ecologista
The expansion plans will face fierce resistance from environmentalists.
e
8A
environmentally
ecológico
environmentally-friendly washing powder
e
8A
eruption
erupción
a volcanic eruption
e
8A
ever(-)
constante
The ever-increasing demand for private cars could be halted by more investment in public transport.
f
8A
far-reaching
gran alcance
These new laws will have far-reaching benefits for all working mothers.
f
8A
federal law
ley federal
They were charged with violating federal law.
f
8A
fight
luchar
We need the public's help in fighting crime.
f
8A
focus
concentrarse
i
8A
incinerator
incineradora
Tonight's programme focuses on the way that homelessness affects the young. a garbage/hazardous-waste incinerator
i
8A
involved
implicado / a
emotionally/romantically involved
l
8A
litter
basura
About 2% of fast-food packaging ends up as litter.
m 8A
mad
loco / a
I think I must be going mad.
n
8A
notably
principalmente
p
8A
playground
patio escolar
They have begun attracting investors, most notably big Japanese financial houses. There were children fighting in the playground.
p
8A
profound
profundo / a
r
8A
relieve
aliviar
r
8A
religious
religioso / a
religious education
s
8A
scriptwriter
guionista
She is a well-known scriptwriter.
s
8A
scrub
restregar
She scrubbed (at) the mark on the wall for ages, but it wouldn't come off.
s
8A
significant
significativo / a
s
8A
soot
hollín
The talks between the USA and the USSR were very significant for the relationship between the two countries. It can be dangerous to let too much soot accumulate inside a chimney.
s
8A
suffering
sufrimiento
The war will cause widespread human suffering.
u
8A
unlimited
ilimitado / a
Passes are available for one month's unlimited travel within Europe.
u
8A
upcoming
próximo
Tickets are selling well for the group's upcoming concert tour.
The invention of the contraceptive pill brought about profound changes in the lives of women. She was given a shot of morphine to relieve the pain.
w 8A
wreck
destrozar
The explosion shattered nearby windows and wrecked two cars.
a
8B
adrenaline
adrenalina
a
8B
alive
vivo / a
These arguments always get my adrenaline going (= make me excited or angry). He must be ninety if he's still alive.
a
8B
ancestor
antepasado
There were portraits of his ancestors on the walls of the room.
a
8B
anger
rabia
a
8B
architecture
arquitectura
I think he feels a lot of anger towards his father who treated him very badly as a child. Roman architecture
b
8B
bang
ruido fuerte
The window slammed shut with a loud bang.
c
8B
chisel
esculpir
She chiselled a figure out of the marble.
c
8B
confidently
seguro / a
Try to act confidently, even if you feel nervous.
c
8B
courageous
valiente
c
8B
courageously
valientemente
It was a courageous decision to resign in protest at the company's pollution record. She behaved very courageously during the incident.
c
8B
cowardly
cobarde
This was a particularly brutal and cowardly attack.
c
8B
crave
deseo (de ser el centro de atención)
Many young children crave attention.
c
8B
crunch
crujir
The gravel crunched underfoot as we walked up to the house.
d
8B
despondent
desanimado / a
d
8B
disapprove
no estar de acuerdo
d
8B
disgust
indignación
He became/grew increasingly despondent when she failed to return his phone calls. The survey showed that 32% of respondents approve, 54% disapprove and the rest are undecided. She walked out in disgust.
d
8B
disgusted
indignada / o
She was disgusted at the way they treated their children.
d
8B
disturbance
molestias
Residents are fed up with the disturbance caused by the nightclub.
d
8B
downstairs
abajo
I went downstairs to answer the phone.
e
8B
emotion
sentimientos
Like a lot of men, he finds it hard to express his emotions.
f
8B
fantastic
estupendo / a
You look fantastic in that dress.
f
8B
fantasy
fantasía
Steve's favourite fantasy was to own a big house and a flashy car.
f
8B
fear-avoider
persona que evita situaciones de miedo
He never takes risks because he is a fear-avoider.
f
8B
flattering
favorecedor / a
a flattering photograph
g
8B
ghost story
historia de fantasmas
Sarah doesn't like ghost stories.
g
8B
grandma
abuela
My grandma is in her eighties.
g
8B
grandpa
abuelo
My grandpa is getting old and can't hear very well.
h
8B
higher
superior
a higher calling
i
8B
imagine
imaginar
I've never heard her criticize you - I think you imagine it.
j
8B
joy
alegría
They were filled with joy when their first child was born.
l
8B
lovable
encantador / a
a lovable child
m 8B
marker
marcador
development markers
m 8B
mediocre
mediocre
The film's plot is predictable and the acting is mediocre.
m 8B
monster
monstruo
a sea monster
m 8B
motivation
motivación
He's a bright enough student - he just lacks motivation.
m 8B
mundane
trivial
o
8B
overtake
adelantar
Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her. Always check your rear view mirror before you overtake (another car).
p
8B
presumably
presumiblemente
They can presumably afford to buy a bigger apartment.
r
8B
racer
corredor
My brother is a kart racer.
r
8B
rationalise
justificar
She rationalised the expense by saying that the costly carpet she had bought would last longer than a cheaper one.
r
8B
realm
ámbito
A pay rise is not within the realms of possibility, I'm afraid.
r
8B
roller-coaster
montaña rusa
She loves roller-coasters.
s
8B
scare
espantar
Sudden noises scare her.
s
8B
scrape
rascar
s
8B
sensation
sensación
I was woken up by the noise of branches scraping against my bedroom window. a burning sensation
s
8B
stair
escalera
s
8B
supposedly
supuestamente
t
8B
thankful
agradecido / a
I was thankful that the meeting didn't last long, because I had a train to catch.
t
8B
thrill-seeker
buscador de emociones fuertes
I would describe myself as a thrillseeker.
t
8B
thrill-seeking
experimentar emociones fuertes
Thrill-seeking is in my genes.
t
8B
traffic jam
embotellamiento
Roadworks have caused traffic jams throughout the city centre.
t
8B
trigger
provocar
Some people find that certain foods trigger their headaches.
u
8B
uninvited
no estar invitado / a
She came to the party uninvited.
u
8B
unknown
desconocido / a
The exact number of people carrying the virus is unknown.
w 8B
whichever
de todas maneras
It's going to be expensive whichever way you do it.
w 8B
widen
abrirse mucho
His eyes/smile widened.
c
8C
contact lens
lentillas
c
8C
curious
curioso / a
I usually wear contact lenses, but I sometimes wear glasses when my eyes are tired. I was curious to know what would happen next.
The top stair creaked as she went upstairs and the noise woke up her mother. Well, the tickets are supposedly in the mail.
d
8C
demonstrate
demostrar
These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country. She could never measure up to her mother's expectations.
e
8C
expectation
expectativa
f
8C
forcefully
enérgicamente
f
8C
frankly
francamente
g
8C
gross
grave
a gross violation of justice
h
8C
honestly
honestamente
They have always dealt honestly and fairly with their customers.
h
8C
hunter
cazador
Animals in the cat family are hunters.
i
8C
identity
identidad
i
8C
indecision
indecisión
The man's identity was being kept secret while he was helping police with enquiries. A moment's indecision when you've got the ball and you could lose the game.
i
8C
interpretation
interpretación
The dispute is based on two widely differing interpretations of the law.
l
8C
luxurious
lujoso / a
They have a very luxurious house.
m 8C
materialistic
materialista
I was a materialistic person, with a large ego.
p
8C
poem
poema
a book of love poems
p
8C
pro
ventaja
One of the big pros of living in Madrid is the night life.
p
8C
proportion
proporción
r
8C
reassure
tranquilizado / a
s
8C
surprisingly
sorprendentemente
The level of crime in an area is almost always in direct proportion to the number of unemployed. I was nervous on my first day at college, but I was reassured to see some friendly faces. Surprisingly, the restaurant turned out to be cheap.
v
8C
VIP
VIP (persona importante)
They were in the VIP lounge at the airport.
a
9A
affluence
opulencia/riqueza
a
9A
as opposed to
en lugar de
What we are seeing increasingly is a society of private affluence and public squalor. I'd prefer to go on holiday in May, as opposed to September.
He argued forcefully that stricter laws were necessary to deal with the problem. Frankly, I think this whole situation is ridiculous.
b
9A
bank account
cuenta bancaria
How much money do you have in your bank account?
b
9A
brake
freno
She had no brakes on her bicycle.
c
9A
cast-offs
segunda mano/ ropa vieja/deshechada
I always had to wear my sister's castoffs as a child.
c
9A
cost of living
coste de vida
The increase in interest rates will raise the cost of living.
c
9A
courage
valentía
They showed great courage when they found out about their baby's disability.
c
9A
coward
cobarde
c
9A
current
actual
They branded her a coward for informing on her colleagues during the interrogation. Have you seen the current issue of Vogue magazine?
d
9A
dental
dental
dental decay/treatment
d
9A
disposable
disponible
disposable income
e
9A
e.g.
ejemplo
e
9A
economy
economía
You should eat more food that contains a lot of fibre, e.g. fruit, vegetables and bread. the global economy
e
9A
extravagance
extravagancia
I think she was shocked by my extravagance.
f
9A
feel good factor
sensación de bienestar
The feel good factor persists despite the current economic problems.
f
9A
flat screen
pantalla plana
a flat screen television
f
9A
flying
volar
Annette's scared of flying.
f
9A
foundation
fundación
the British Heart Foundation
f
9A
fulfilment
sentirse realizado / a
She finally found fulfilment in motherhood.
g
9A
growing
creciente
There is a growing awareness of the seriousness of this disease.
h
9A
hot-air balloon
globo aerostático
hot-air balloon flights
l
9A
leisure
ocio
leisure activities
l
9A
likely
probablemente
Do remind me because I'm likely to forget.
m 9A
materialism
materialismo
So have we become a self-centred society, preoccupied with materialism?
m 9A
membership
afiliación
You have to apply for membership of the sports club.
n
9A
need
necesidad
There's a growing need for cheap housing in the larger cities.
n
9A
no-expense-spared
gastar sin miramientos
a no-expense-spared holiday
p
9A
penny
penique
I keep pennies and other small coins in a jar.
p
9A
priority
prioridad
The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority.
p
9A
properly
correctamente
It's still not working properly.
r
9A
rational
racional
He was too upset to be rational.
r
9A
realisation
el hecho de darse cuenta
s
9A
selection
selección
The realization was dawning (= They were starting to realize) that this was a major disaster. The larger shops are able to stock a wider selection of goods.
s
9A
setting
entorno
Their cottage is in an idyllic rural setting.
s
9A
sociologist
sociólogo
a renowned sociologist
s
9A
spending
gasto
government spending on health
s
9A
statement
declaración
a provocative statement
s
9A
state-of-the-art
última tecnología
a state-of-the-art computer
s
9A
super-
super
the super-rich
t
9A
term
término
'Without let or hindrance' is a legal term which means 'freely'.
u
9A
unusually
inusualmente
He was unusually polite .
v
9A
value
valorar
I've always valued her advice.
a
9B
additive-free
sin aditivos
additive-free food
a
9B
anti-war
contra la guerra
an anti-war protest
a
9B
appeal
atracción
Spielberg films have a wide appeal.
b
9B
banker
banquero / a
She was a successful banker by the time she was forty.
b
9B
banking
banca
international banking
b
9B
branding
marca
The successful branding and marketing of the new beer has already boosted sales and increased profits.
c
9B
cash-free
sin billetes ni monedas
a cash-free society
c
9B
checkup
revisión
She goes to her doctor for regular checkups.
c
9B
chip
chip
a silicon chip
c
9B
closure
cierre
factory/branch closures
c
9B
community-led
conducido por la comunidad
a community-led approach
c
9B
companion
compañero
The dog has been her constant companion these past ten years.
c
9B
considerable
considerable
The fire caused considerable damage to the church.
c
9B
contactless-payment pago sin necesidad de contacto
d
9B
debit card
tarjeta de débito
I paid with my debit card.
d
9B
dispute
negar
Few would dispute his status as the finest artist of the period.
d
9B
disruptive
negativo / a
His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive influence in class.
e
9B
e-cash
dinero electrónico
I paid with e-cash.
e
9B
eliminate
eliminar
A move towards healthy eating could help eliminate heart disease.
e
9B
embedded
clavado / a
The thorn was embedded in her thumb.
contactless-payment systems
e
9B
error
error
The letter contains a number of typing errors.
f
9B
fashion-conscious
seguidor de la moda
your average fashion-conscious teenager
f
9B
finance
finanzas
corporate/personal/public finance
g
9B
games console
consola de juegos
Do you have a games console?
g
9B
grave
fosa ( común )
a mass grave
g
9B
grip
dominio
Rebels have tightened their grip on the city.
g
9B
groceries
comestibles
Could you buy some groceries for me?
h
9B
handset
auricular (teléfono)
The shop sells all the latest handsets.
h
9B
health-conscious
consciente de la salud
My wife is very health-conscious.
h
9B
high-street
calle principal
There are signs of economic recovery in the high street.
i
9B
idealistic
idealista
i
9B
idiot-proof
a prueba de idiotas
When I was young and idealistic I believed it was possible to change the world. an idiot-proof guide
i
9B
input
introducir
I've spent the morning inputting data into the computer.
i
9B
insurance
seguro
life/health/car/travel insurance
i
9B
insurer
asegurador
Please contact your insurer if you have any inquiries.
i
9B
inter-city
interurbano
an inter-city train
m 9B
money-minded
m 9B
monthly
tener un interés en la gestión I've never been very money-minded - I del dinero leave all my business affairs to my financial adviser. mensual monthly payments
n
9B
newsworthy
de interés periodístico
Nothing newsworthy ever happens around here. It's so boring.
n
9B
noteworthy
significativo / a
a noteworthy example/event
o
9B
on the contrary
al contrario
"Didn't you find the film exciting?" "On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!" She is optimistic about her chances of winning a gold medal.
o
9B
optimistic
optimista
o
9B
ovenproof
a prueba de horno
Is this dish definitely ovenproof?
o
9B
over-priced
cargar mucho el precio
Train fares are ridiculously over-priced.
p
9B
Pakistani
pakistani
a Pakistani film
p
9B
payment
pago
Usually we ask for payment on receipt of the goods.
p
9B
peace
paz
peace talks/proposals
p
9B
politically-minded
con mentalidad política
a politically-minded pop star
p
9B
pollution-free
ecológico
pollution-free cars
p
9B
praiseworthy
digno / a de elogio
His actions during the crisis were truly praiseworthy.
p
9B
priced
precio (razonable)
a reasonably priced product
p
9B
purchase
comprar
Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance.
r
9B
rail ticket
billete de tren
The cost of rail tickets was increased by 11%.
r
9B
reasonable
bien de precio
Tomatoes are very reasonable at this time of year.
s
9B
safety-conscious
cauteloso / a con la seguridad
safety-conscious behaviour
s
9B
smart card
tarjeta electrónica
I always use my smart card on the underground.
s
9B
snack
tentempié
I had a huge lunch, so I'll only need a snack for dinner.
s
9B
sort
tipo
We both like the same sort of music.
s
9B
stress-free
sin estrés
a stress-free life
s
9B
suspicious
desconfiado / a
His colleagues became suspicious when he did not appear at work, since he was always punctual.
t
9B
transaction
transacción
a business transaction
t
9B
twenties
a los veinte
They both got married in their twenties.
u
9B
unforgettable
inolvidable
an unforgettable experience
u
9B
unpredictable
imprevisible
u
9B
upload
cargar
The weather there can be a bit unpredictable - one minute it's blue skies and the next minute it's pouring down. How can I upload these files?
w 9B
waterproof
impermeable
Canvas boots are all right but they're not as waterproof as leather.
a
9C
against
contra
She spoke against the decision to close the college.
a
9C
agriculture
agricultura
Agriculture is still largely based on traditional methods in some countries.
a
9C
aid
ayuda
a
9C
apprenticeship
aprendizaje
The Vatican has agreed to donate $80 000 in humanitarian/emergency aid to countries affected by the war. I started my apprenticeship last year.
b
9C
benefit
beneficiarse de
I feel that I have benefited greatly from her wisdom.
b
9C
bleak
pesimista
The economic outlook is bleak.
c
9C
career path
camino profesional
How can I find a new career path?
c
9C
climbing
montañismo
Chris has just taken up climbing.
c
9C
computerised
informatizado
The whole system is computerised.
c
9C
consequently
como consecuencia
d
9C
decline
declive
I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat by the end of the holiday. industrial decline
d
9C
deeply
profundamente
I'm deeply grateful to you.
d
9C
discrimination
discriminación
racial/sex discrimination
e
9C
explanation
explicación
Could you give me a quick explanation of how it works?
e
9C
eye test
revisión de la vista
Could I book an eye test please?
f
9C
faithfully
atentamente
Yours faithfully
g
9C
gender
sexo
I think both genders are capable of looking after children.
g
9C
gloomy
pesimista
a gloomy economic forecast
g
9C
growth
crecimiento
economic growth
h
9C
housing
vivienda
There's a shortage of cheap housing in the region.
i
9C
illegal
ilegal
a campaign to stop the illegal sale of cigarettes to children under 16
i
9C
intellectual
intelectual
l
9C
leave aside
dejar a un lado
Looking after a baby at home all day is nice but it doesn't provide much intellectual stimulation. Leaving aside the question of cost, how many people do we need on the job?
l
9C
less-developed
menos desarrollado
less-developed countries
l
9C
loan
préstamo
She's trying to get a $50 000 loan to start her own business.
l
9C
logical
lógico / a
a logical choice/conclusion
m 9C
mass-produced
producción en serie
mass-produced souvenirs
n
9C
noon
doce del mediodía
We used to ski before noon then take a long lunch.
n
9C
nuclear power
energía nuclear
nuclear power stations
o
9C
outcome
resultado
It's too early to predict the outcome of the meeting.
o
9C
overdraft
saldo al descubierto
to run up/pay off an overdraft
o
9C
overseas
el extranjero
Many more people go/travel/live/work overseas these days.
o
9C
owing to
a causa de
The concert has been cancelled owing to lack of support.
p
9C
pass on
transmitir
My grandmother passed on her cooking skills to me.
r
9C
renewable
renovable
renewable energy sources such as wind and wave power
r
9C
repeated
repetido / a
repeated attempts/mistakes/warnings
r
9C
resource
recursos
Britain's mineral resources include oil, coal and gas deposits.
s
9C
structure
estructurar
We must carefully structure and rehearse each scene.
s
9C
sugar-free
sin azúcar
sugar-free chewing-gum
s
9C
sum up
resumir
She summed up the situation quickly and took charge.
t
9C
thinker
pensador
a political/religious thinker
t
9C
three-day
de tres dias
a three-day weekend
t
9C
transfer
traspaso
the transfer of information
u
9C
unauthorised
no autorizado
No admittance to unauthorised personnel.
v
9C
vary
variar
v
9C
visibility
visibilidad
Some people give a regular monthly donation while others vary the amount they give. Mist is still causing poor visibility - down to five metres in parts of the south-east.
a
10A
aeroplane
avión
She has her own private aeroplane.
a
10A
airborne
en el aire
The airborne radioactive particles have covered a huge area of Russia.
a
10A
alas
¡ay!
I love football but, alas, I have no talent as a player.
a
10A
allowance
dietas
a
10A
anxiously
ansiosamente
The perks of the job include a company pension scheme and a generous travel allowance. Tomorrow the children will receive their anxiously awaited presents.
a
10A
applicant
candidato
How many applicants did you have for the job?
a
10A
arrival
llegada
Hundreds gathered to await the boxer's arrival at the airport.
b
10A
BC
A.C. ( antes de Cristo)
The Battle of Actium took place in 31 BC.
c
10A
civilisation
civilización
Cuzco was the centre of one of the world's most famous civilizations, that of the Incas. The accident was clearly the lorry driver's fault.
c
10A
clearly
claramente
c
10A
conflict
conflicto
We wish to avoid conflict between our countries if at all possible.
c
10A
cyclone
ciclón
We were caught in a cyclone.
d
10A
decade
década
The country has experienced two decades of growth.
d
10A
dependent
depender de
It's very easy to become dependent on sleeping pills.
e
10A
ebb away
disminuir
He could feel his strength ebbing away.
e
10A
economics
económicas
She's in her third year of economics at York university.
e
10A
element
indicio
There was certainly an element of truth in what she said.
e
10A
epitomise
personificar
e
10A
equine
equina
With little equipment and unsuitable footwear, she epitomises the inexperienced and unprepared mountain walker. equine flu
e
10A
escalator
escaleras automáticas
I'll meet you by the up/down escalator on the second floor.
f
10A
failure
fracaso
The meeting was a complete/total failure.
f
10A
far-flung
extenso
The news spread to all corners of our far-flung empire.
f
10A
fascinate
fascinar
Science has always fascinated me.
f
10A
flock
rebaño
a flock of sheep/goats/geese
f
10A
four-month
cuatro meses
a four-month course
f
10A
further
más lejos
It was much further to the town centre than I remembered.
g
10A
gold rush
fiebre del oro
He became rich during the gold rush.
h
10A
historic
histórico / a
historic buildings
h
10A
homing
instinto de volver a casa
Migrating birds and fish have a strong homing instinct.
h
10A
horseback
a caballo
police on horseback
h
10A
husky
husky (perro)
The huskies pulled our sledge.
i
10A
iconic
icono
John Lennon gained iconic status following his death.
i
10A
information superhighway
autopista de la información
The information superhighway extends throughout most of the world.
l
10A
litre
litro
The tax increase will add 4p to a litre of petrol.
l
10A
loved one
ser querido
People, naturally enough, want to know that their loved ones are out of danger.
m 10A
mail
correo
She spent the morning reading and answering her mail.
m 10A
making
producción
the art of film making
m 10A
means
medios
We need to find some other means of transportation.
m 10A
messenger
mensajero
The documents were delivered by special messenger.
m 10A
mice
ratones
field mice
o
10A
orphan
huérfano
The civil war is making orphans of many children.
p
10A
pension off
jubilar
After flying for 38 years, their Wessex helicopter is about to be pensioned off.
p
10A
pigeon
paloma
racing/homing pigeons
p
10A
pioneering
pionero / a
a pioneering spirit
p
10A
postal service
servicio postal
The United States Postal Service
r
10A
railroad station
estación de tren
Central Railroad Station
r
10A
rat
rata
Rats carry disease.
r
10A
recruit
reclutar
Charities such as Oxfam are always trying to recruit volunteers to help in their work.
s
10A
secretly
secretamente
He was convicted on the evidence of secretly recorded telephone conversations. There's a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps.
s
10A
shortage
escasez
s
10A
siege
cerco
The siege of Mafeking lasted for eight months.
s
10A
skinny
en los huesos
You should eat more, you're much too skinny.
s
10A
sled
trineo
The children are playing in the snow with their sleds.
s
10A
slowly
lentamente
Could you please speak more slowly?
s
10A
sorting office
oficina de clasificación
I work at the sorting office.
s
10A
stroke of genius
golple de inspiración
It was such a brilliant idea - a real stroke of genius.
s
10A
swift
rápido / a
The local police took swift action against the squatters.
t
10A
telegraph
telégrafo
The news came by telegraph.
t
10A
transcontinental
transcontinental
The transcontinental railway goes from New York to San Francisco.
u
10A
upkeep
mantenimiento
The upkeep of larger old properties is very expensive.
v
10A
vital
vital
A strong opposition is vital to a healthy democracy.
w 10A
wilderness
desierta
a beautiful mountain wilderness
w 10A
willing
dispuesto / a
If you're willing to fly at night, you can get a much cheaper ticket.
w 10A
winged
con alas
a high-winged aeroplane
w 10A
wiry
complexión delgada pero fuerte
He has a runner's wiry frame.
w 10A
workforce
plantilla
The majority of factories in the region have a workforce of 50 to 100 (people).
d
10B
(be) down to
reducirse a
It's all down to money.
a
10B
absorption
absorción
Some poisonous gases can enter the body by absorption through the skin.
a
10B
academy
academia
a military/police academy
a
10B
amateur
aficionado
This tennis tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.
a
10B
animation
animaciones
b
10B
Barbie doll
muñeca Barbie
Encyclopaedias on CD-ROM include sound, illustrations and simple animations. I often played with Barbie dolls when I was young.
b
10B
buyer
comprador
He's still looking for a buyer for his house.
c
10B
captain
capitán
It's unusual to have a goalkeeper as (the) captain of a football team.
c
10B
circuit
circuito
They first met each other on the tennis circuit.
d
10B
determination
determinación
a man of fierce/ruthless determination
d
10B
devote
dedicar
She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.
d
10B
distraction
distracción
I can turn the television off if you find it a distraction.
d
10B
down-to-earth
realista
She's a down-to-earth sort of woman with no pretensions.
d
10B
driving range
recinto para practicar golf
I often practise my golf swing at the driving range.
e
10B
encouragement
ánimo
Children need lots of encouragement from their parents.
e
10B
exceptionally
excepcional
an exceptionally fine portrait
f
10B
fame
fama
She first rose to fame as a singer at the age of 16.
f
10B
fitness
buen estado físico
I'm trying to improve my fitness by cycling to work.
g
10B
gentle
suave
a gentle wind
g
10B
gift
don
He has a gift for languages.
g
10B
gifted
dotado / a
a gifted dancer/musician
g
10B
give up
dejar de
I've given up trying to help her.
g
10B
God-given
dado por Dios
She has a God-given talent as a painter.
g
10B
golfer
jugador de golf
He's one of the highest-earning professional golfers in the world.
h
10B
handicap
handicap
My current golf handicap is nine.
h
10B
himself
él mismo
Any fool can teach himself to type.
i
10B
inspire
inspirar
His confident leadership inspired his followers.
j
10B
judgment
criterio
to show good/sound/poor judgment
m 10B
mentor
mentor
I've learned a lot from my mentor.
m 10B
modelling
carrera de modelo
Ashley's always wanted to go into modelling.
n
10B
note
nota
He left a note to say he would be home late.
p
10B
patterned
estampado / a
patterned textiles/wallpaper
p
10B
persist
persistir
The government is persisting with its ambitious public works programme.
p
10B
protégé
protegido
Shapur's restaurant is full every night as trendy Londoners enjoy the wonders of his young protégé, chef Glyn Fussell.
r
10B
rather
antes que
I think I'd like to stay at home this evening rather than go out.
s
10B
shot
golpe
Woods hit a perfect shot out of the bunker.
s
10B
soloist
solista
The soloist in the violin concerto was Yehudi Menuhin.
s
10B
sour
ácido / a
These plums are a bit sour.
s
10B
stick with
mantener
s
10B
straightaway
enseguida
He said that he was going to stick with the traditions established by his grandfather. We don't have to go straightaway, do we?
s
10B
stunning
impresionante
a stunning dress
t
10B
talent
talento
Her talent for music showed at an early age.
u
10B
upbringing
educación
Is it right to say all the crimes he committed were simply the result of his upbringing? I do have a vague memory of meeting her many years ago.
v
10B
vague
vago / a
w 10B
wise
savio / a
I think you made a wise choice.
a
10C
advanced
avanzado / a
an advanced English course
b
10C
benefit
beneficio
The discovery of oil brought many benefits to the town.
b
10C
booklet
folleto
I always write my shopping lists in a booklet.
c
10C
communicator
comunicador
Obviously teachers have to be good communicators.
c
10C
conversational
oratoria
He seems to lack basic conversational skills.
c
10C
convincing
convincente
a convincing argument/explanation
d
10C
daddy
papá
Mummy and Daddy are taking me to the circus on Saturday.
e
10C
elementary
elemental
I have an elementary knowledge of physics.
e
10C
expertise
habilidad
We admired the expertise with which he prepared the meal.
f
10C
fast track
camino rápido
A degree in computer science offers a fast track to the top.
f
10C
free-flowing
fluir libremente
a free-flowing river
g
10C
gregarious
alegre
Emma's a gregarious, outgoing sort of person.
g
10C
guru
gurú
For the last decade she has acted as the president's economics guru.
i
10C
image
imagen
television images of starving children
i
10C
interact
relacionarse con
Dominique's teacher says that she interacts well with the other children.
i
10C
intuitive
intuitivo / a
Men are often regarded as less intuitive than women.
i
10C
invariably
siempre
The train is invariably late.
l
10C
lack
falta
Her only problem is lack of confidence.
l
10C
learner
aprendiz
He's a quick learner.
l
10C
linguistic
lingüístico
m 10C
mind map
técnica de aprendizaje
I'm particularly interested in the linguistic development of young children. I'd like to learn how to draw mind maps.
n
10C
note-taking
tomar apuntes
Note-taking is an important skill for students.
o
10C
Olympic
Olímpico
the International Olympic Committee
p
10C
permeate
impregnar
r
10C
reflect
reflejar
Dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated every section of society. The statistics reflect a change in people's spending habits.
r
10C
revolution
revolución
a technological revolution
r
10C
rowing
remar
I love rowing.
s
10C
scientific
científico / a
a scientific discovery/experiment/theory
s
10C
skill
habilidad
Ruth had/possessed great writing skills.
s
10C
successfully
exitosamente
A number of patients have been successfully treated with the new drug.
s
10C
switch
cambiar
s
10C
systematic
sitemático / a
She started studying English at college, but switched to Business Studies in her second year. We've got to be a bit more systematic in the way that we approach this task.
t
10C
thought
idea
Let me have your thoughts on that report by Friday.
t
10C
traditionally
tradicionalmente
Quaker meetings are traditionally held in silence.
t
10C
trashy
basura
trashy programmes
t
10C
tune in
sintonizar
u
10C
unclear
poco claro / a
The current financial situation certainly tunes in with what economic experts predicted over a year ago. The ownership of the painting remains unclear.
u
10C
up-to-date
al dia
Great trouble is taken to keep our database up-to-date.
w 10C
woolly
vago / a
It's the woolly thinking behind the book that I find so infuriating.
w 10C
workings
funcionamiento
the workings of government
© Cambridge University Press 2009
