Exploración ecográfica del sistema cardiocirculatorio

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   =/ Ld`mpl~}` l cl }jtplmjýo z mkot`vtk d` cl RM^# cl `vrk}jmjýo ld`mpldl d` cl y`otlol d` `vrck~lmjýo#mkckml~}``o`ccpgl~eì}lmm`}jnc`lcrlmj`ot`#mkopoiìmjclmm`}klcrlo`cd`mkot~kc d`c`|pjrk#zpol~`tj~ldljoe`djltl|p`r`~ejtl`c~`jojmjkd`cl}elojkn~l}d`^MR/



=>

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  4/Ldy`~tj~lc`|pjrk8–@}tkz r~`rl~ldkrl~l `mkml~djk―#ej`ot~l}}`}ph`t l`ct~lo}dpmtk ~mkog`c`o }pmln`xlc/ 0/Mkckml~`ct~lo}dpmtk~}kn~`cl~`gjýo}pnvjikjd`l

 9/ @c cåd`~ d`c `|pjrk k~d`ol~ì cl d`t`omjýo d` cl}elojkn~ l} d` ^MRrl~l ~`lcjxl~ cl `vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijml e`djlot` pol mp`otl ~`g~`}jyl djmj`odk8 –Jot`~~perj~`ek} cl ^MR rl~l

mker~knlmjýod`rpc}kz`mkml~djk`o<2#:#6#7#`tmfl}tlcc`gl~l2/ 7/Lct`o`~mkckmldk`ct~lo}dpmtk~#`vj}t`o>`}m`ol~jk}rk}jnc`}mkodjmjkoldk}lcldj}rk}jmjýod`8 %=}`gpodk}rl~lckmlcjxl~zyj}plcjxl~`cmk~lxýo#}j`}tkok`}rk}jnc``o`}k}=}`gpodk}#}` d`n`~ì~`jojmjl~cl^MRdp~lot`kt~k}0mjcmk}&k>ejoptk}*#rl~lrkd`~ykcy`~ld`t`o`~cl} elojkn~l}#ptjcjxlodk`o`}lkml}jýopoly`otloldji`~`ot`/ %]jdp~lot`ck}lot`~jk~`}=}`gpodk}}`ckmlcjxlzyj}plcjxl`cmk~lxýo#}`dj}rkod~ìd`7 }`gpodk}eì}–mkekeìvjek―#rl~ljot`~r~`tl~#g~lnl~`jer~jej~ck|p`}``}tì

yj}plcjxlodk/    





==

6/Poly`xjojmjldlcljot`~~prmjýod`cel}lh`ml~dålmk#zej`ot~l}}``}tì~`lcjxlodkcl`vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijml#pomkerko`ot `d`c`|pjrkd`~`loj elmjýo&r~`yjle`ot``}mkgjdkzlc`mmjkoldklc ~`}r`mtk*#}jgpj`odkpo~`ckhmkotl~ì`oykxlctlfl}tl<2}`gpodk}ej`ot~l}tkel`crpc}km`ot~lc }jepctìo`le`ot`/ &^`mk~dl~8 Ok }` d`n` jot`~~perj~ `c el}lh` ml~dålmk eì} d` <2 }`gpodk} rl~l cl mker~knlmjýod`crpc}k#rk~ck |p`}` dj}rko`d` djmfk tj`erkrl~l~`lcjxl ~cl `vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijml*

:/^`jojmjl~cl^MR

 <2/]`mkepojml~ìock}flcclxgk}lc`|pjrkd`~`lojelmjýoz}`l}pej~ìock}mlenjk}d`celo`hk t`~lrêptjmk#}jck}flcclxgk}}komko}jd`~ldk}~`c`ylot`}k`}r`måijmk}#mko}jd`~ìodk}``}tk}mkek8 %Ekyjej`otkml~dålmkr~`}`ot`klp}`ot` %D`~~le`r`~jmì~djmk %]k}r`mfld`T@R %Flcclxgk}okmkomcpz`ot`}kjelg`od`ijmj`ot` %O`m`}jdldd`~`r`tj~cl`vrck~lmjý

»Mpìodk }` d`n` ~`r`tj~ cl `vrck~lmjýo; %Jot`otklot`~jk~ilccjdk %Jelg`od`nlhlmlcjdld %]`gpjej`otkd`jot`~y`omjko`}~`lcjxldl}d`}rpê}d`flcclxgk`o`vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijmllot`~jk~ %Ylck~lmjýod`cr~koý}tjmkd`cl^MR %Øojmle`ot`mplodk}`mko}jd`~`o`m`}l~jk  

=4



^`}pe`o lolcåtjmk d` ck} `}mlcko`} d`c r~ktkmkck I@@^   Il}`}

Lyj}l~#K~d`ol~#Lmtpl~#Mkepojml~ <* Jojmjk joe`djltk d` ^MR }`gøo `c r~ktkmkck flnjtplc l}`gp~lodk 0 mjmck}d`^MR

>*LYJ]L^lc`|pjrkd`^MR8–E``}tkzr~`rl~lodkrl~lflm`~cl@MK― ^MRd`lctlmlcjdld# r~`rl~lmjýo`joik~elmjýo =*R~`rl~l~`c`mýg~likzr~knl~ck d`c`|pjrk  4*Pnjml~}`zmkckml~`c`|pjrk`oclrk}jmjýoeì}m`~mlol#`vrko`~cl xkold`crlmj`ot``ocl|p`}`~`lcjxl~ì cl`vrck~lmjýo`mkml~djkg~ìijml# z|p`r`~ejtl–`ce`ok~`}tk~nkrk}jnc`―* 0* Lyj}l~ lc `|pjrk d` ^MR |p`# mplodk `}têo cj}tk}# mkej`om` pol mp`otl ~`g~`}jyl d` <2 }`gpodk} rl~l ~`lcjxl~ cl `vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijml#lr~ky`mflodkrl~ltkel~`crpc}k 9*K^D@O8–Jot`~~perjek}lcijolcd``}t`mjmckrl~l`mkml~djkg~liål― @h`mpmjýod`cl`vrck~lmjýo 7* Mkckml~ `c t~lo}dpmtk~ }kn~` cl ~`gjýo }pvjikjd`l ej`ot~l} }` `mkml~djkg~ìijmlz ldejoj}t~locl}øctjel}mker~`}jko`}d`cmjmck knt`omjýod`jelg`o  6*^`lcjxl~pol`vrck~lmjýork~djmfly`otlolcklot`}rk}jnc`/]jok}` ckg~ly`~`cmk~lxýo`o=}`gpodk}#~`lopdl~cl^MRdp~lot`0mjmck} eì}#d`}rpê}d`ck}mplc`}}`fl~ìpoop`ykjot`otkrk~djmfly`otlol krk~clrl~l`}t`~olc

^`lopdlmjýod`cl^MR 

:* ]j }` ckg~l yj}plcjxl~ `c mk~lxýo `o ck} r~je`~k} = }`gpodk}# dj}rko`ek}d`7}`gpodk}eì}rl~lg~lnl~ck|p`}`y``oclrlotlccl d`c`mýg~lik#d`}rpê}d`ckmplc}`dl~ìclK^D@O8–^`lopdl~cl^MR―

<2*Mkepojm l~ ck}flcclx gk} lc `|pjrk d` ^MR ej`ot~l} mkotjoølo cl} elojkn~l}8 ekyjej`otk d` cl} rl~`d`}# ipomjýo d` nkenl# rl~ldl Jot`~r~`tlmjýoztkeld` ml~dålml# d`~~le` r`~jmì~djmk el}jyk# flcclxgk} ok mkomcpz`ot`}# d`mj}jko`}  }k}r`mfld`T@R#}k}r`mfld`fjrkykc`ejl#tkeld`d`mj}jko`}}`gøo flcclxgk}    



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=0

Ylck~ d` ck} flcclxgk} d` c l `vrck~lmjýo `mkml~djkg~ìijml `o }jtplmjko`} d` r`~j%rl~ldl ml~djk%~`}rj~ltk~jl k RM^  Flcclxgk}rk}jnc`}

Jer~`}jko`}djlgoý}tjml}&mplcjtltjyl}*

Ekyjej`otk}d`cl}rl~`d`}8 kflzekyjej`otk8

Mj~mpclmjýor~`}`ot`y}RM^mkoij~eldl

L}j}tkcjl#L@]R#kt~l}l~~jtejl}* Ipomjýod`nkenldj}ejopådl Jo}pijmj`omjlejkmì~djml Rl~`d`}fjr`~djoìejml}&aj}}jog*8 dj}ejopmjýod`cc`oldkd`mìel~l} Fjrkykc`ejl d`~`mfl}rk~tl|pjml~djl/ YDlpe`otldkd`tlelük

]k}r`mfld`T@R

D`~~le`r`~jmì~djmk&r`|p`ükk el}jyk*

Mkok}jotlrkolej`otk

Flcclxgk}okmkomcpz`ot`}

Ojogøodjlgoý}tjmk

^`}pe`o d`c mlråtpck %Cl}mker~`}jko`}}kopold`cl}rkml}jot`~y`omjko`}mko}ýcjdl`yjd`omjld``ijmlmjl`o RM^#rk~ck|p`ejojejxl~}p}jot`~~prmjko`}d`n`}`~op`}t~ldjyj}l/ %@c`mýg~liktj`o`lrcjmlmjko`}`}r`måijml}dp~lot``celo`hkd`cl}}jtplmjko`}r`~j%RM^#k dp~lot`clRM^

Lc t`~ejol~ `}t` mlråtpck# `c lcpeok `}tl~ì `o mlrlmjdld d`8 /]ln`~mýekzmpìodkptjcjxl~`c`mýg~liklot`porlmj`ot`m~åtjmk#`o}jtplmjýod`RM^k r`~j%RM^ =/^`mkokm`~ckjer~`}mjodjnc`d`mkokm`~`cr~ktkmkckd`]krk~t`YjtlcLyloxldk#rl~l|p` `c

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p}k

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=7

PTJCJDLD D@C @MÝG^LIK LOT@ @C RLMJ@OT@ @O ]FKMA k fjrkt`o}jýo }jo `tjkckgål mcl~l &r~ktkmkck ^P]F z MLP]@ `vle* ]/ Dkeêo`mf D` I~ptk}  Lpo|p``}têepzc`hk}d`ck}knh`tjyk}d``}t`eloplc#`c`ot~l~`oe`mloj}ek}ij}jkrltkcýgjmk}k ~`mke`odl~ gpål} djlgoý}tjmk+t`~lrêptjml}# `} jo`yjtlnc` rl~tj~ d` pol} r~`ej}l} |p` r`~ejtlo jot~kdpmj~ pol op`yl f`~~lej`otl `o `c elo`hk d` po rlmj`ot` `}r`mjlce`ot` i~ìgjc ` jo`}tlnc`/ @ot`od`ek} cl }jtplmjýo m~åtjml mkek l|p`c rlmj`ot` |p` r~`}`otl pol `oi`~e`dld lgpdl mko mker~kej}kyjtlc#r`~kmkork}jnjcjdld`}d`~`mpr`~lmjýo/Rk~~`gclg`o`~lc`jod`r`odj`ot`e`ot` d`cl`tjkckgål# cl}jtplmjýo|p`d`ijo`lpo rlmj`ot`mkekm~åtjmk#`}`cmker~kej}k f`ekdjoìejmk#  |p` rp`d` }`~ }p ml~tl d` r~`}`otlmjýo k }jerc`e`ot` r~kdpmtk d`c i~lml}k d` ck} e`mloj}ek} mker`o}ldk~`}&]FKMA*#kd`ck}`}ip`~xk}t`~lrêptjmk}&lm`~tldk}kok*/@o`cr~`}`ot`mlråtpck# rl~tj`odkd`cml~ìmt`~–nì }jmk―d``}t`elopl c#}`mke`otlodji` ~`ot`}r~ktkmkck}|p`#lpo|p`mk o rkmk~`mk~~jdk#flod`ek}t~ldkclptjcjdldzrkt`omjlcjdldd`cp}kd`c`mýg~lik`o}jtplmjko`}tlo d`}mkom`~tlot`}`jer~`d`mjnc`}mkek`c}fkmakclfjrkt`o}jýod`k~jg`od`}mkokmjdk/

@c r~ktkmkck ^P]F &^lrjd Pct~l}kpod ik~ ]fkma + Fzrkt`o}jko* W`joglt# Dp|p`# O`c}ko &eêdjmk} `mkg~lij}tl}* ED ^DE] &^`gj}t`~d Djlgok}tjm E`djmlc ]kokg~lrrf`~*lm~`djtlmjýod`clL^DE]&Le`~jmlo^`gj}t~zik~Djlgok}tjmE`djmlc]kokg~lrfz*  ^P]F `}`c ~`}pctldkd`c `}ip`~xk rk~poj~ dji`~`ot`}têmojml } z r~ktkmkck} ptjcjxldk}`o cløctjel  dêmldlrk~eêdjm k}OK~ldjýckgk}#z}pdj}`ük`}tì ipodle`otldk`o`cp}k d``mýg~lik}rk~ tìtjc`} lrj`d`mleld`crlmj`ot`/

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@c`e`otk} f`ekdjoìejmk} |p` `ylcøl %Mlrlmjdldd`clnkenlml~dålml %Tlo|p` %Tpn`~ål}&g~lod`}yl}k}* ClNkenl&Mk~lxýo* ]` d`n` `vrck~l~ rk~ = y`otlol} &rl~l`}t`~olc mk~tk z cl~gk# lrjmlc z }pn%vjikjd`l*# `ylcplodk mplcjtltjyle`ot`clmkot~lmtjcjdldd`cy`ot~åmpckjx|pj`~dk&YJ*#`}tkr`~ejtj~ì–~ìrjdle`ot`―mkokm`~ `c`}tldkkclipomjýo~`lcd`clnkenlml~dålml/]`d`hlmcl~k|p`ok}`t~ltld`–mplotjijml~―#}jok 

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d`–ml~lmt`~jxl~―e`djlot`cljot`~r~`tlmjýod`cldjoìejmlml~dålml/Tlenjêor`~ejt`–ml~lmt`~jxl~― `ctlelükd`cYD/

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Knh`tjyk}8 <* @ylcpl~ cl mlrlmjdld d`c mk~lxýo rl~l elo`hl~ ck} cå|pjdk} |p` }` ldejoj}t~`o# z mpìodk r~km`d`~åljojmjl~cljoip}jýod`yl}kr~`}k~`} >*D`}ml~tl~d`~~le`r`~jmì~djmk#~`mk~dlodk|p`d`~~le`r`~jmì~djmkOK@]JGPLCltlrkolej`otk ml~dålmk/ ]j mcåojmle`ot` }` `}tlnc`m`  |p` `c rlmj`ot` `}tì tlrkoldk# `}tl `vrck~lmjýo t`od~ì ml~ìmt`~djlgoý}tjmk+t`~lrêptjmk#lc}`~yj~rl~l~`lcjxl~polr`~jml~djkm`ot`}j}`mk%dj~jgjdl =*@ylcpl~`cy`ot~åmpckd`~`mfk&YD*#l}pej`odklpe`otkd`r~`}jýo}j}ptlelük`}elzk~lcd`c YJ/

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Knh`tjyk}8 %@ylcpl~cly`olmlyljoi`~jk~`o}p`ot~ldllcYD %D`t`~ejol~}p}mlenjk}d`mlcjn~``o~`clmjýomkock}ekyjej`otk}~`}rj~ltk~jk} %PolYMJmkopomlcjn~`dj}ejopådk&3>me}*#z|p`}`mkclr}`eì}d`po02mkopoljo}rj~lmjýo ~ìrjdlzmk~tl&mkeklc`}ojil~*#}`~`clmjkol~ìmkopolRYMdj}ejopådl&3<2me}d`lgpl* % Pol YMJ mko mlcjn~` lpe`otldk &? > me}* |p` }` mkclr}` e`ok} d` po 02 mko cl jo}rj~lmjýo d`}m~jtllot`~jk~e`ot`#}`jot`~r~`tl~ìmkekpolRYMlpe`otldl&?<2me}d`lgpl* %Kt~lik~el d` ylck~l~–jodj~` mtle`ot`―clRYM`} `ylcpl~cly`olzpgpc l~jot`~ ol`o`c mp`cckd`c rlmj`ot`# l pok} =2¸ d` `c`ylmjýo# z ptjcjxlodk pol }kodl cjo`lc &mko cl ej}el e`tkdkckgål d` `}ojil~*/

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