eRAN7.0 LTE FDD Basic Feature Description 01 20140915.pdf

eRAN7.0 V100R007C00

eRAN7.0 LTE FDD Basic Feature Description Issue

01

Date

2014-05-04

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2014. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.

Notice The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Address:

Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of China

Website:

http://www.huawei.com

Email:

[email protected]

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Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

i

eRAN7.0 eRAN7.0 LTE FDD Basic Feature Description

Contents

Contents 1 Basic Features ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Standards Compliance .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 LBFD-001001 3GPP R8 Specifications..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 LBFD-001007 3GPP R9 Specifications..................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 LBFD-001008 3GPP R10 Specifications................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.4 LBFD-001002 FDD mode ......................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.5 LBFD-001003 Scalable Bandwidth ........................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.6 LBFD-001004 CP length ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1.6.1 LBFD-00100401 Normal CP .................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1.7 LBFD-001005 Modulation: DL/UL QPSK, DL/UL 16QAM, DL 64QAM .............................................................. 6 1.1.8 LBFD-001006 AMC .................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 RAN Architecture & Features ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.1 LBFD-002001 Logical Channel Management ........................................................................................................... 8 1.2.2 LBFD-002002 Transport Channel Management ........................................................................................................ 9 1.2.3 LBFD-002003 Physical Channel Management ....................................................................................................... 10 1.2.4 LBFD-002004 Integrity Protection .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.5 LBFD-002005 DL Asynchronous HARQ ................................................................................................................ 12 1.2.6 LBFD-002006 UL Synchronous HARQ .................................................................................................................. 13 1.2.7 LBFD-002007 RRC Connection Management ........................................................................................................ 14 1.2.8 LBFD-002008 Radio Bearer Management .............................................................................................................. 15 1.2.9 LBFD-002009 Broadcast of system information ..................................................................................................... 16 1.2.10 LBFD-002010 Random Access Procedure ............................................................................................................ 17 1.2.11 LBFD-002011 Paging ............................................................................................................................................ 18 1.2.12 LBFD-002012 Cell Access Radius up to 15km ..................................................................................................... 19 1.2.13 LBFD-002023 Admission Control ......................................................................................................................... 20 1.2.14 LBFD-002024 Congestion Control ........................................................................................................................ 21 1.2.15 LBFD-002025 Basic Scheduling ........................................................................................................................... 22 1.2.16 LBFD-002026 Uplink Power Control.................................................................................................................... 23 1.2.17 LBFD-002016 Dynamic Downlink Power Allocation ........................................................................................... 25 1.2.18 LBFD-002017 DRX .............................................................................................................................................. 26 1.2.19 LBFD-002018 Mobility Management ................................................................................................................... 27 1.2.19.1 LBFD-00201801 Coverage Based Intra-frequency Handover ............................................................................ 27 1.2.19.2 LBFD-00201802 Coverage Based Inter-frequency Handover ............................................................................ 28

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1.2.19.3 LBFD-00201803 Cell Selection and Re-selection .............................................................................................. 30 1.2.19.4 LBFD-00201804 Distance Based Inter-frequency Handover ............................................................................. 31 1.2.19.5 LBFD-00201805 Service Based Inter-frequency Handover ............................................................................... 31 1.2.20 LBFD-002020 Antenna Configuration .................................................................................................................. 32 1.2.20.1 LBFD-00202001 UL 2-Antenna Receive Diversity ........................................................................................... 32 1.2.21 LBFD-002021 Reliability ...................................................................................................................................... 33 1.2.21.1 LBFD-00202101 Main Processing and Transport Unit Cold Backup ................................................................ 33 1.2.21.2 LBFD-00202102 Cell Re-build

Between Baseband Processing Units ............................................................ 34

1.2.21.3 LBFD-00202103 SCTP Multi-homing ............................................................................................................... 36 1.2.21.4 LBFD-00202104 Intra-baseband Card Resource Pool (user level/cell level) ..................................................... 37 1.2.22 LBFD-002022 Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination ................................................................................... 37 1.2.22.1 LBFD-00202201 Downlink Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination............................................................ 37 1.2.22.2 LBFD-00202202 Uplink Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination ................................................................ 38 1.2.23 LBFD-002027 Support of UE Category 1 ............................................................................................................. 39 1.2.24 LBFD-002028 Emergency Call ............................................................................................................................. 41 1.2.25 LBFD-002029 Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) ...................................................................... 42 1.2.26 LBFD-002031 Support of aperiodic CQI reports .................................................................................................. 44 1.2.27 LBFD-002032 Extended-QCI ................................................................................................................................ 44 1.2.28 LBFD-002033 SCTP Congestion Control ............................................................................................................. 45 1.2.29 LBFD-002034 RRU Channel Cross Connection Under MIMO ............................................................................ 46 1.2.30 LBFD-060101 Optimization of Periodic and Aperiodic CQI Reporting ............................................................... 48 1.2.31 LBFD-060102 Enhanced UL Frequency Selective Scheduling ............................................................................. 49 1.2.32 LBFD-060103 Enhanced DL Frequency Selective Scheduling ............................................................................. 50 1.2.33 LBFD-070103 Multi-Band Compatibility Enhancement ....................................................................................... 51 1.2.34 LBFD-070101 Uplink Timing Based on PUCCH ................................................................................................. 52 1.2.35 LBFD-070102 MBR>GBR Configuration ............................................................................................................ 53 1.2.36 LBFD-070105 IoT-based PUSCH Power Control ................................................................................................. 54 1.2.37 LBFD-070106 PDSCH Efficiency Improvement .................................................................................................. 55 1.2.38 LBFD-070107 PDCCH Utilization Improvement ................................................................................................. 56 1.3 Transmission & Security ............................................................................................................................................. 57 1.3.1 LBFD-003001 Transmission Networking ................................................................................................................ 57 1.3.1.1 LBFD-00300101 Star Topology ........................................................................................................................... 57 1.3.1.2 LBFD-00300102 Chain Topology ........................................................................................................................ 58 1.3.1.3 LBFD-00300103 Tree Topology ........................................................................................................................... 59 1.3.2 LBFD-003002 Basic Qos Management ................................................................................................................... 60 1.3.2.1 LBFD-00300201 DiffServ QoS Support .............................................................................................................. 60 1.3.3 LBFD-003003 VLAN Support (IEEE 802.1p/q) ..................................................................................................... 62 1.3.4 LBFD-003004 Compression & Multiplexing over E1/T1 ....................................................................................... 63 1.3.4.1 LBFD-00300401 IP Header Compression ............................................................................................................ 63 1.3.4.2 LBFD-00300402 PPP MUX ................................................................................................................................. 63 1.3.4.3 LBFD-00300403 ML-PPP/MC-PPP ..................................................................................................................... 64 1.3.5 LBFD-003005 Synchronization ............................................................................................................................... 66

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1.3.5.1 LBFD-00300501 Clock Source Switching Manually or Automatically ............................................................... 66 1.3.5.2 LBFD-00300502 Free-running Mode ................................................................................................................... 67 1.3.5.3 LBFD-00300503 Synchronization with GPS ....................................................................................................... 67 1.3.5.4 LBFD-00300504 Synchronization with BITS ...................................................................................................... 68 1.3.5.5 LBFD-00300505 Synchronization with 1PPS ...................................................................................................... 69 1.3.5.6 LBFD-00300506 Synchronization with E1/T1 ..................................................................................................... 70 1.3.6 LBFD-003006 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack ...................................................................................................................... 71 1.4 Operation & Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................... 72 1.4.1 LBFD-004001 Local Maintenance of the LMT ....................................................................................................... 72 1.4.2 LBFD-004002 Centralized U2000 Management ..................................................................................................... 72 1.4.3 LBFD-004003 Security Socket Layer ..................................................................................................................... 73 1.4.4 LBFD-004004 Software Version Upgrade Management ......................................................................................... 74 1.4.5 LBFD-004005 Hot Patch Management ................................................................................................................... 75 1.4.6 LBFD-004006 Fault Management ........................................................................................................................... 76 1.4.7 LBFD-004007 Configuration Management ............................................................................................................. 78 1.4.8 LBFD-004008 Performance Management ............................................................................................................... 79 1.4.9 LBFD-004009 Real-time Monitoring of System Running Information .................................................................. 80 1.4.10 LBFD-004010 Security Management .................................................................................................................... 81 1.4.11 LBFD-004011 Optimized eNodeB Commissioning Solution ................................................................................ 82 1.4.12 LBFD-004012 Environment Monitoring ............................................................................................................... 83 1.4.13 LBFD-004013 Inventory Management .................................................................................................................. 83 1.4.14 LBFD-004014 License Management ..................................................................................................................... 84 1.4.15 LBFD-004015 License Control for Urgency ......................................................................................................... 85 1.4.16 LBFD-070104 Site Transmission Equipment Fault Detection .............................................................................. 86

2 Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 91

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Figures

Figures Figure 1-1 3*10M 2T2R ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 1-2 Stream Control Transmission Protocol .............................................................................................. 36 Figure 1-3 Overview of

Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System ................................................................. 43

Figure 1-4 RRU channel cross connection under MIMO .................................................................................... 47 Figure 1-5 Comparing with no MIMO load Sharing ........................................................................................... 48 Figure 1-6 Star topology ...................................................................................................................................... 57 Figure 1-7 Chain topology .................................................................................................................................. 58 Figure 1-8 Tree topology ..................................................................................................................................... 60 Figure 1-9 ML-PPP/MC-PPP .............................................................................................................................. 65 Figure 1-10 License file management ................................................................................................................. 85

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Tables

Tables Table 1-1 Preamble formats and cell access radius.............................................................................................. 19 Table 1-2 Downlink physical layer parameter values set by the field UE-Category ........................................... 40 Table 1-3 Uplink physical layer parameter values set by the field UE-Category ................................................ 40 Table 1-4 Total layer 2 buffer sizes set by the field UE-Category ....................................................................... 40 Table 1-5 Relationship between QCI and DSCP ................................................................................................. 61 Table 2-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... 91

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1 Basic Features

1

Basic Features

About This Chapter 1.1 Standards Compliance 1.2 RAN Architecture & Features 1.3 Transmission & Security 1.4 Operation & Maintenance

1.1 Standards Compliance 1.1.1 LBFD-001001 3GPP R8 Specifications Availability This feature is 

applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0



applicable to Micro from eRAN3.0



applicable to Lampsite from eRAN6.0

Summary Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 8 specifications 2009Q3.

Benefits None

Description Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 8 specifications 2009Q3. Huawei is an active participant and great contributor to 3GPP specification development. This high-level involvement enables Huawei to actively contribute, and closely follow 3GPP

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standard development during Huawei product development. LTE eNodeB supports 3GPP Release 8 2009Q3.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.1.2 LBFD-001007 3GPP R9 Specifications Availability This feature is 








Summary Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 9 specifications 2010.09 version.

Benefits None

Description Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 9 specifications 2010.09 version. Huawei is an active participant and great contributor to 3GPP specification development. This high-level involvement enables Huawei to actively contribute, and closely follow 3GPP standard development during Huawei product development. LTE eNodeB supports 3GPP Release 9 specifications 2010.09 version, which is the latest version of LTE standard.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.1.3 LBFD-001008 3GPP R10 Specifications Availability This feature is 

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Summary Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 10 specifications.

Benefits None

Description Huawei LTE eNodeB is compliant with 3GPP Release 10 specifications 2011.03 version. Huawei is an active participant and great contributor to 3GPP specification development. This high-level involvement enables Huawei to actively contribute, and closely follow 3GPP standard development during Huawei product development. LTE eNodeB supports 3GPP Release 10 specifications 2011.03 version.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.1.4 LBFD-001002 FDD mode Availability This feature is 








Summary Huawei LTE supports the Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode .

Benefits None

Description The 3GPP specifications support the FDD mode. In FDD mode, separate frequency bands are used for the uplink and the downlink.

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Enhancement None

Dependency 

Others The related network elements (NEs) should support FDD mode.

1.1.5 LBFD-001003 Scalable Bandwidth Availability This feature is 








Summary Huawei LTE eRAN1.0 supports the bandwidths of 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. Huawei LTE eRAN2.0 supports two new bandwidths of 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz to extend the range of bandwidth support for the LTE technology. Micro eNodeB does not support 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz bandwidth.

Benefits 

Larger bandwidth produces higher throughput and better user experience.



Flexible bandwidth configuration helps operators use frequency bands.



Besides the existing bandwidths supported by eRAN1.0, the introduction of 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz bandwidths enables the flexibility for operators to allocate smaller bandwidth less than 5 MHz, thus saving radio resources. This is not applicable to Micro eNodeB.

Description Huawei LTE eRAN2.0 supports the channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz, including 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. The bandwidth can be configured by the software.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 Huawei LTE eRAN1.0 supports the bandwidths of 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. Huawei LTE eRAN2.0 supports two new bandwidths of 1.4 MHz and 3 MHz.

Dependency 

UE UEs should support the same bandwidth as the eNodeB.

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1.1.6 LBFD-001004 CP length 1.1.6.1 LBFD-00100401 Normal CP Availability This feature is 








Summary In an OFDM symbol, the Cyclic Prefix (CP) is a time-domain replication of the end of the symbol and is appended to the beginning of the symbol. It provides the guard interval in the OFDM to decrease the inter-symbol interference due to the multipath delay.

Benefits The CP is used to decrease the inter-symbol interference due to the multipath delay.

Description The CP is the guard interval used in the OFDM to decrease the interference due to the multipath delay. There are two CP lengths defined in 3GPP specifications: normal CP and extended CP. In the case of 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, the normal CP corresponds to seven OFDM symbols per slot in the downlink and seven SC-FDMA symbols per slot in the uplink. The normal CP length (time) is calculated as follows: 

In the downlink

Normal CP: TCP = 160 x Ts (OFDM symbol #0), TCP = 144 x Ts (OFDM symbol #1 to #6) 

In the uplink

Normal CP: TCP = 160 x Ts (SC-FDMA symbol #0), TCP = 144 x Ts (SC-FDMA symbol #1 to #6) Where, Ts = 1 / (2048 x Df), Df = 15 kHz

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1.1.7 LBFD-001005 Modulation: DL/UL QPSK, DL/UL 16QAM, DL 64QAM Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature shows the different modulation schemes supported by the UE and eNodeB.

Benefits This feature provides a wide range of modulation schemes to be chosen based on the channel condition. Higher-order modulation schemes, such as DL 64QAM, can be used under excellent channel conditions to achieve higher data rates, which improves the system throughput and spectrum efficiency.

Description This feature provides a wide range of modulation schemes that can be used by both the eNodeB and the UE in uplink and downlink. The following modulation schemes are supported: 

Uplink/downlink Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)



Uplink/downlink 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM)



Downlink 64QAM

The characteristics are as follows: 

QPSK allows up to two information bits modulated per symbol due to four different neighboring alternatives.



16QAM allows up to four information bits modulated per symbol due to 16 different neighboring alternatives.



64QAM allows up to six information bits modulated per symbol due to 64 different neighboring alternatives.

This feature allows the eNodeB and UE to choose an optimal modulation scheme based on the current channel condition to achieve the best tradeoff between the user data rate and the frame error rate (FER) during transmission. A more favorable channel condition is required to support a higher-order modulation scheme. For example, when a UE is in a poor radio environment, it may use a low-order QPSK modulation scheme for uplink transmission to meet the requirement of the call quality. When a UE is in an excellent radio environment, it can use a high-order QAM modulation (such as 16QAM) scheme for uplink transmission to achieve high bit rates.

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Enhancement None

Dependency 

UE The UE should support the same modulation scheme.

1.1.8 LBFD-001006 AMC Availability This feature is 








Summary The Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) function allows an eNodeB to adaptively select the optimal Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) according to the channel condition. This improves the spectrum efficiency after the system resource and transmitting power are fixed. Therefore, the throughput can be maximized and the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements can be met.

Benefits The AMC provides the following benefits: 

Maximizes the system throughput by selecting the optimal MCS.



Meets the QoS requirement (such as the packet loss rate) by selecting the optimal MCS to achieve the best tradeoff between data rate and block error rate.

Description The AMC function allows an eNodeB to adaptively select the optimal MCS according to the channel information. This improves the spectrum efficiency after the system resource and transmitting power are fixed. Therefore, the throughput can be maximized and the QoS requirements can be met. In the uplink, the initial MCS can be selected on the basis of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) of the uplink Reference Signal (RS) measured by the eNodeB. It can also be adjusted on the basis of whether the uplink transmission involves control signals. Note that control signals might require a lower-order MCS for ensuring a reliable transmission. In the downlink, the eNodeB first selects the MCS for each UE based on the CQI reported from the UE and assigned power for the UE. Then, the eNodeB can adjust the CQI to impact MCS based on the BLER, in order to maximize the usage of the radio resources.

Enhancement None

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Dependency None

1.2 RAN Architecture & Features 1.2.1 LBFD-002001 Logical Channel Management Availability This feature is 








Summary The logical channels are provided between the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. Each logical channel type is defined according to the type of the transmitted data. They are generally classified into two types: control channels and traffic channels. In Huawei LTE eNodeB, all logical channels are supported except those related to the evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (eMBMS) functionality.

Benefits The logical channels are responsible for what type of information is transferred.

Description The logical channels are provided between the MAC layer and the RLC layer. They are responsible for "what is transported". They are generally classified into two types: 

Control channels: for transmitting the control plane information



Traffic channels: for transmitting the user plane information

Control channels include: 

Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)



Paging Control Channel (PCCH)



Common Control Channel (CCCH)



Multicast Control Channel (MCCH)



Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)

Traffic channels include: 

Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)



Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH)

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In Huawei LTE eNodeB, all logical channels are supported except those related to the eMBMS functionality, such as MCCH and MTCH.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.2 LBFD-002002 Transport Channel Management Availability This feature is 








Summary Transport channels that are provided between the MAC layer and the physical layer, are defined according to the type of transmitted data and the method of data transmission over the radio interface. They are used to offer the information about transmission services for the MAC and higher layers. In Huawei LTE eNodeB, all transport channels except those related to the eMBMS functionality are supported.

Benefits The transport channels are responsible for what type of data is transmitted and how the data is transmitted.

Description The transport channels are provided between the MAC layer and the physical layer. They are responsible for what type of data is transmitted and how the data is transmitted over the radio interface. Downlink transport channels are classified into the following types: 

Broadcast Channel (BCH)



Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)



Paging Channel (PCH)



Multicast Channel (MCH)

Uplink transport channels are classified into the following types: 

Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)



Random Access Channel (RACH)

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Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.3 LBFD-002003 Physical Channel Management Availability This feature is 








Summary The physical layer is responsible for coding, physical-layer hybrid-ARQ processing, modulation, multi-antenna processing, and mapping from the signal to the appropriate physical time-frequency resources. Based on the mapping, a transport channel at the higher layer can serve one or several physical channels at the physical layer. In Huawei LTE eNodeB, all physical channels are supported except those related to the eMBMS functionality, such as PMCH.

Benefits Each physical channel provides a set of resource blocks for information transmission.

Description Each physical channel corresponds to a set of resource blocks carrying the information from higher layers. Downlink physical channels are classified into the following types: 

Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)



Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH)



Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)



Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH)



Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)



Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)

Uplink physical channels are classified into the following types: 

Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)



Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)



Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)

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In Huawei LTE eNodeB, all physical channels are supported except those related to the eMBMS functionality, such as PMCH.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.4 LBFD-002004 Integrity Protection Availability This feature is 








Summary The feature offers the integrity protection for signaling data. It enables the receiving entity (either UE or eNodeB) to check whether the signaling data has been illegally modified. It encrypts or decrypts the signaling data by using a certain integrity algorithm through an RRC message.

Benefits The integrity protection procedure prevents the signaling data from illegal modification.

Description LTE offers the integrity protection for RRC signaling messages at the PDCP layer. The sender calculates a message authentication code MAC-I based on the RRC message and some parameters (such as the key, bearer ID, direction, and count) by using an integrity algorithm, and then send the code to the receiver together with the message. The receiver recalculates the code and compares it with the code in the message. If the two codes are inconsistent, the receiver knows that the message has been modified illegally. The eNodeB decides which integrity algorithm to use and informs each UE of it through an RRC message.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 In addition to the AES, Huawei eRAN2.0 also supports integrity algorithm SNOW3G.



In eRAN6.0 Macro also supports integrity algorithm ZUC.



In eRAN7.0 Micro also supports integrity algorithm ZUC.

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Dependency 

UE The UE should support the same integrity algorithm as the eNodeB.

1.2.5 LBFD-002005 DL Asynchronous HARQ Availability This feature is 








Summary The Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) provides robustness against transmission errors. It is also a mechanism for capacity enhancement. As HARQ retransmissions are fast, many services allow one or multiple times of retransmissions, thereby forming an implicit (closed loop) rate-control mechanism. An asynchronous protocol is the basis for downlink HARQ operation. Hence, downlink retransmissions may occur at any time after the initial transmission, and an explicit HARQ process number is used to indicate the HARQ process.

Benefits DL HARQ functionality is a fast retransmission protocol to ensure successful data transmission from the eNodeB to a UE at the physical layer and MAC layer. A UE can request for retransmissions of data that was incorrectly decoded through an NACK message and soft-combine the retransmitted data with the previously received data to improve the decoding performance. This feature helps improve user throughput and reduce transmission latency in the downlink.

Description The HARQ is a link enhancement technique combining Forward Error Correction (FEC) and ARQ technologies. Compared with the ARQ, the HARQ can provide faster and more efficient retransmissions with lower transmission latency. In the downlink, if the data received by the UE is decoded correctly by the FEC and passes the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), the UE will send an ACK message to inform the eNodeB that the data was received correctly. Otherwise, the UE will send a NACK message to the eNodeB to request for data retransmission. Downlink HARQ is an asynchronous adaptive transmission process, which means that the scheduler of the HARQ transmission is not predetermined to the UE. In addition, the DL HARQ information, such as the location of the allocated resource blocks and MCSs, may be different from that of the previous transmissions. In LTE specifications, the DL HARQ scheme is based on an Incremental Redundancy (IR) algorithm. After the retransmitted data is received, the HARQ process in the UE will soft-combine the retransmitted data with the previously buffered content and then forward the combined data to the FEC for decoding. The soft-combined data will help increase the probability of successful FEC decoding, thus increasing the data reception success rate.

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In LTE specifications, multiple downlink HARQ processes are adopted to fully utilize system resources. It greatly improves the system throughput and reduces the latency, but it requires more buffer space and signaling overhead.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.6 LBFD-002006 UL Synchronous HARQ Availability This feature is 








Summary Compared with the downlink HARQ, uplink retransmission is based on a synchronization protocol. It occurs at a predefined time after the initial transmission and the number of retransmissions can be implicitly derived.

Benefits The UL HARQ functionality is a fast retransmission protocol to ensure successful data transmission from the UE to the eNodeB at the physical layer and MAC layer. An eNodeB can request for retransmissions of data that is incorrectly decoded and soft-combine the retransmitted data with the previously received data to improve the decoding performance. This feature helps improve the user throughput and reduce transmission latency in the uplink.

Description The HARQ is a link enhancement technique combining FEC and ARQ technologies. Compared with the ARQ, the HARQ can provide faster and more efficient retransmissions with lower transmission latency. In the uplink, if the data received by the eNodeB is decoded correctly by the FEC and passes the CRC check, the eNodeB will send an ACK message over the PHICH to inform the UE that the data was received correctly. Otherwise, the eNodeB will send an NACK message to the UE to request for data retransmission. In eRAN1.0, Uplink HARQ is a synchronization non-adaptive transmission process, which means that HARQ transmission blocks are predetermined for transmission and retransmission. In addition, the UL HARQ information, such as the location of the allocated resource blocks and MCSs, is predetermined by the eNodeB. In eRAN2.0, Huawei supports a synchronous adaptive UL HARQ transmission. While retransmitting, the allocated resource block, coding and modulation scheme may be changed

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according to the channel quality. But the retransmission transport block size remains the same as the first transmission. In LTE specifications, UL HARQ scheme is based on an IR algorithm. After the retransmitted data is received, HARQ process in the eNodeB will soft-combine the retransmitted data with the previously buffered content and forward the combined data to the FEC for decoding. The soft-combined data will help increase the probability of successful FEC decoding, thus increasing the data reception success rate. In LTE specifications, multiple uplink HARQ processes are adopted to fully utilize system resources. It greatly improves the system throughput and reduces the latency, but it requires more buffer space and signaling overhead.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 Huawei supports a synchronous adaptive UL HARQ transmission. While in eRAN1.0, Uplink HARQ is a synchronization non-adaptive transmission process.

Dependency None

1.2.7 LBFD-002007 RRC Connection Management Availability This feature is 








Summary RRC connection is the layer 3 connection between the UE and eNodeB. The RRC connection management aims to manage the layer 3 connection, including establishment, maintenance, and release of the connection.

Benefits The RRC connection management is essential from the UE to E-UTRAN, and serves all service procedures and NAS procedures.

Description RRC connection management involves RRC connection establishment, RRC connection reconfiguration, RRC connection re-establishment, and RRC connection release. 

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)

RRC connection establishment: This procedure is performed to establish an RRC connection. RRC connection establishment involves Signaling Radio Bearer 1 (SRB1) establishment. The procedure is also used to transmit the initial NAS dedicated information or messages from the UE to the E-UTRAN.


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

RRC connection reconfiguration: This procedure is performed to modify an RRC connection, for example, to establish, modify, or release radio bearers, to perform handovers, and to configure or modify measurements. As a part of the procedure, NAS dedicated information may be transmitted from the E-UTRAN to the UE.



RRC connection re-establishment: This procedure is performed to re-establish an RRC connection after a handover failure or radio link failure. RRC connection re-establishment involves the restoration of SRB1 operation and the re-activation of security. A UE in RRC_CONNECTED mode, for which security has been activated, may initiate the procedure in order to continue the RRC connection. The connection re-establishment will succeed only if the cell has a valid UE context.



RRC connection release: This procedure is performed to release an RRC connection. RRC connection release involves the release of the established radio bearers and the release of all radio resources.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.8 LBFD-002008 Radio Bearer Management Availability This feature is 








Summary Radio bearer management aims to manage SRB2 and Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The radio bearer management includes the establishment, maintenance, and release of radio bearers.

Benefits This feature provides configuration function of radio resources.

Description Radio bearer management involves the establishment, maintenance, and release of radio bearers, as well as the configuration of associated radio resources, for example PDCP, RLC, logical channel, DRX,CQI, power headroom report (PHR), and physical layer configuration. The radio bearer management is implemented during the RRC connection reconfiguration procedure.

Enhancement None

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Dependency None

1.2.9 LBFD-002009 Broadcast of system information Availability This feature is 








Summary System information (SI) includes: 

Basic information for a UE to access the E-UTRAN, such as basic radio and channel parameters



Information about cell selection and reselection parameters used by the UE in RRC_IDLE mode



Information about neighboring cells



Important messages that should be sent to each UE, such as earthquake warning information

The SI broadcasted over the BCCH can be read without setting an RRC connection, and it can be read by the UE in RRC_IDLE mode and RRC_CONNECTED mode. SI may also be provided to the UE by means of dedicated signaling, for example, in the case of handover.

Benefits This feature is the basis for the UE to access the E-UTRAN.

Description SI is classified into the MasterInformationBlock (MIB) and a number of SystemInformationBlocks (SIBs): 

MasterInformationBlock defines the information about the most essential physical layers of the cell required for receiving further system information;



SystemInformationBlockType1 contains the information for checking whether a UE is allowed to access a cell and for defining the scheduling of other system information blocks;



SystemInformationBlockType2 contains the information about common and shared channels;



SystemInformationBlockType3 contains cell re-selection information, mainly related to the serving cell;



SystemInformationBlockType4 contains the information about the serving frequency and intra-frequency neighboring cells related to cell re-selection (including common cell re-selection parameters for a frequency and cell-specific re-selection parameters);

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

SystemInformationBlockType5 contains the information about other E-UTRA frequencies and inter-frequency neighboring cells related to cell re-selection (including common cell re-selection parameters for a frequency and cell-specific re-selection parameters);



SystemInformationBlockType6 contains the information about UTRA frequencies and UTRA neighboring cells related to cell re-selection (including common cell re-selection parameters for a frequency and cell-specific re-selection parameters);



SystemInformationBlockType7 contains the information about GERAN frequencies related to cell re-selection (including cell re-selection parameters for each frequency);



SystemInformationBlockType8 contains the information about CDMA2000 frequencies and CDMA2000 neighboring cells related to cell re-selection (including common cell re-selection parameters for a frequency and cell-specific re-selection parameters);



SystemInformationBlockType9 contains a home eNodeB identifier (HNBID);



SystemInformationBlockType10 contains an ETWS primary notification;



SystemInformationBlockType11 contains an ETWS secondary notification.

The paging message is used to inform the UEs in RRC_IDLE and the UEs in RRC_CONNECTED of the change of the system information. Huawei eNodeB supports MIB, SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, SIB4, SIB5, SIB6, SIB7, SIB8, SIB10 and SIB11.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.10 LBFD-002010 Random Access Procedure Availability This feature is 








Summary Random access is the essential function of LTE system, which allows a UE to achieve the uplink synchronization and to request for a connection setup. It is performed for the following five events: 

Initial access from RRC_IDLE



RRC Connection Re-establishment procedure



Handover



DL data arrival during RRC_CONNECTED and UE is out-of-sync with eNodeB in uplink

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UL data arrival during RRC_CONNECTED and UE is out-of-sync with eNodeB in uplink

Benefits This feature is the basis for the UE to access the E-UTRAN.

Description The random access procedure enables the UE to establish uplink timing synchronization and to request for setup of a connection to an eNodeB. The procedure can be either contention-based (applicable to all the preceding five events) or non-contention-based (applicable to only handover and DL data arrival). Normal DL/UL transmission may occur after the random access procedure. Huawei eNodeB supports the two types of random access procedures. In addition, Huawei eNodeB supports random access preamble formats 0–3 and PRACH configurations 0–63 (TS 36.211).

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.11 LBFD-002011 Paging Availability This feature is 








Summary The purpose of paging is to transmit paging information to a UE in RRC_IDLE mode, and/or to inform UEs in RRC_IDLE and UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode of a system information change.

Benefits This feature is used to page a UE or inform UEs of system information change.

Description E-UTRAN initiates the paging procedure by transmitting the paging message, which can be sent by the MME or eNodeB.

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When an eNodeB receives a paging message from an MME over the S1 interface, the eNodeB shall perform paging of the UE in cells which belong to tracking areas indicated in the "List of TAIs" Information Element (IE) in the paging message. When the system information changes, the eNodeB should inform all UEs in the cell through paging, and should guarantee that every UE can receive the paging message. That is, the eNodeB should send the paging message on each possible paging occasion throughout a DRX cycle. Support for UE discontinuous reception must be broadcasted to the entire cell coverage area and mapped to physical resources.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.12 LBFD-002012 Cell Access Radius up to 15km Availability This feature is 




not applicable to Micro



not applicable to Lampsite

Summary To improve wireless network coverage, 3GPP TS 36.211 has defined four types of preamble formats (0, 1, 2, 3) for frame structure type 1, among which the basic format 0 corresponds to 15 km of cell access radius.

Benefits This feature is used in small cell scenarios.

Description This feature provides operator with support of 15km cell radius. According to 3GPP TS 36.211, four types of preamble format (0, 1, 2, 3) for PRACH are defined to support diff Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Preamble formats and cell access radius Preamble Format

Cell Access Radius

0

About 15 km

1

About 70 km

2

About 30 km

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About 100 km

For format 0, the supported cell access radius is about 15 km, which is used in small cell scenarios, and considered as basic cell radius. For format 3, the supported cell access radius is about 100 km, which is used in large cell scenarios to enhance the system coverage.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.13 LBFD-002023 Admission Control Availability This feature is 








Summary Admission control function ensures the system stability and guarantees the QoS performance by controlling the establishment of the connections within the maximum resource utilization while satisfying the QoS requirements.

Benefits Admission control function provides the following benefits: 

Reducing the risk of cell instability by controlling the number of admitted calls



Achieving an optimal tradeoff between maximizing resource utilization and ensuring QoS, by avoiding congestion and checking QoS satisfaction

Description Admission control is a cell-based operation applied to both uplink and downlink. It is one of the key Radio Resource Management (RRM) functions. Admission control is performed when there are new incoming calls or incoming handover attempts. In Huawei admission control solution, system resource limitation and QoS satisfaction ratio are the main considerations for admission control. When a new incoming call or incoming handover request arrives, admission control is first to check the system resource limitation (including hardware resource usage, and system overload indication). If any of the resources is found to be limited, the new service request will be rejected.

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If the resource limitation checking passes, for Non-GBR service it will be admitted and for the GBR service it will check the QoS satisfaction ratio The QoS satisfaction ratio is evaluated based on the QoS Class Identifier (QCI). If the QoS satisfaction ratio for the evaluated QoS class is better than a predefined admission threshold, the call request would be accepted; otherwise, it will be rejected. Note that an incoming handover request has a higher priority than a new incoming call request, because admission control gives a preference to an existing call (handover request) over a new call. The Allocation/Retention Priority (ARP) can be used to classify Gold, Silver, and Bronze categories with different admission control thresholds. ARP is an attribute of services and is inherited from Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

Enhancement 

eRAN7.0

In user admission, UE numbers are reserved for privileged UEs to increase the admission success rate of these UEs. Privileged UEs include emergency UEs and high-priority UEs whose cause value of RRC connection establishment request is "highPriorityAccess".

Dependency None

1.2.14 LBFD-002024 Congestion Control Availability This feature is 








Summary The congestion control feature is used to adjust the system loading when the system is in congestion or the QoS cannot be met. The main goal of congestion control feature is to guarantee the QoS for the admitted services while achieving the maximum radio resource utilization.

Benefits The congestion control feature provides the following benefits: Prevent system from being unstable due to overload; Guarantee QoS satisfaction rate of services in the system by effectively reduce the system loading;

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Description This feature is critical to maintain the system stability and deliver acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) when the system is in congestion. In eNodeB, congestion control is provided in which a method are introduced: The method is to release low-priority services to alleviate the overloaded system, where the priority is determined based on the ARP assigned to the service.

Enhancement Size reduction on GBR service is not accepted by most operators and is not recommended according to 3GPP. Function of size reduction on GBR service is removed when cell is in congestion.

Dependency None

1.2.15 LBFD-002025 Basic Scheduling Availability This feature is 








Summary The basic scheduling feature provides three common scheduling algorithms (MAX C/I and RR and PF). The operator can select either algorithm.

Benefits This feature provides the flexibility for the operator to select the scheduling algorithm, considering the system capacity and fairness among the users.

Description Scheduling algorithm enables the system to decide the resource allocation for each UE during each TTI. This feature provides different scheduling algorithms, considering the tradeoff between system capacity and fairness among the users. There are three scheduling algorithms provided and the operator can decide which algorithm to take. 

MAX C/I



Round Robin



PF (proportional fair)

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With MAX C/I, users are scheduled based on their radio channel quality. The radio channel quality is the only factor to be considered in this algorithm and therefore, the fairness among users cannot be guaranteed. With Round Robin, users are scheduled on turn and neglects of their radio quality. So all the users have the same chance to get the resource and the fairness among uses is guaranteed. But the system capacity is lowest among three scheduling algorithms. With PF, users are scheduled according to the value of R/r, where R is the maximum data rate corresponding to the channel quality, and r is the average data rate of the user. The PF scheduler, based on the radio channel quality of an individual user, provides the user with an average throughput proportional to its average channel quality. This algorithm is typically used by a wireless system to achieve a moderate cell capacity while to ensure fairness among users.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 Round Robin is added in this feature.

Dependency None

1.2.16 LBFD-002026 Uplink Power Control Availability This feature is 








Summary Uplink power control in LTE system is essential to the control of the eNodeB over the uplink transmitting power of UEs. It also controls the interference to the neighboring cells, to improve the system throughput. Uplink control power applies to Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH).

Benefits The uplink power control can reduce the interference between neighboring cells by carefully controlling the transmitting power of UEs by the eNodeB and therefore, increase the overall throughput in an LTE system. The uplink power control can also ensure the quality, such as the block error rate (BLER), of service applications. In addition, uplink power control can reduce the power consumption of UE

Description Uplink power control is one of the most important features for an LTE system. By controlling the UE transmission power carefully, the interference to the neighboring cells can be reduced

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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1 Basic Features

and therefore the overall system throughput is improved. The uplink power control includes the mechanisms of PUSCH power control, PUCCH power control, SRS power control, and PRACH power control. The PUSCH power control includes power adjustment for both Dynamic Scheduling and Semi-persistent scheduling. For Dynamic Scheduling: 

Based on the difference between the estimated transmission power spectrum density (PSD) and PSDTarget, the transmitting power of the PUSCH is periodically adjusted according to the channel environment change. If the estimated PSD is greater than PSDTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command, ordering a decrease of the transmitting power. If the estimated PSD is smaller than PSDTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command, ordering an increase of the transmitting power.

For Semi-persistent Scheduling: 

In Semi-persistent Scheduling, based on the difference between the measured IBLER and IBLERTarget, the transmitting power of the PUSCH is periodically adjusted according to the channel environment change. If the measured IBLER is greater than IBLERTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command to the UE, ordering an increase of the transmitting power. If the measured IBLER is smaller than IBLERTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command to the UE, ordering a decrease of the transmitting power.



The PUSCH TPCs of multiple VoIP users are sent to the UEs through DCI Format 3/3A. By doing so, signaling overheads over PDCCH are reduced.

For PUCCH power control: 

Based on the difference between the measured SINR and SINRTarget, the transmitting power of the PUCCH is periodically adjusted according to the channel environment change. If the measured SINR is greater than SINRTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command, ordering a decrease of the transmitting power. If the measured SINR is smaller than SINRTarget, the eNodeB sends a TPC command, ordering an increase of the transmitting power.

The uplink SRS power control also employs the same power control mechanism as the PUSCH power control with identical parameter settings. Note that the initial power is calculated in the same way as PUSCH, except that a power offset configured by RRC is added. For the PRACH power control, the UE will calculate the transmitting power for the initial Random Access (RA) preamble by estimating the downlink path loss and based on the aforementioned "expected received power from UE at eNodeB" obtained by monitoring the broadcast channel. If the RA preamble attempt fails (e.g. no RA preamble response for the eNodeB), the UE can increase the transmitting power for the next RA preamble attempt according to the settings configured by the RRC layer.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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1 Basic Features

1.2.17 LBFD-002016 Dynamic Downlink Power Allocation Availability This feature is 








Summary Dynamic Downlink Power Allocation allows an eNodeB to dynamically set the transmitting power at downlink channels to reduce power consumption while maintaining the quality of radio links. It provides flexible power allocation for downlink channels based on the user's channel quality and maintains acceptable quality of the downlink connections.

Benefits This feature allows flexible power allocation for downlink channels based on the user's channel quality and maintains acceptable quality of the downlink connections. Therefore, it can improve the edge user throughput and transmission power usage.

Description The LTE downlink power allocation consists of several parts corresponding to different types of downlink channels, such as Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical HARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), and Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH). 

A Fixed power setting is performed for the cell-specific reference signal, synchronization signal, PBCH, PCFICH, and channels carrying common information of the cell such as PDCCH and PDSCH; since the transmitting power of those signals and channels are needed to ensure the downlink coverage of the cell.



SINRRS estimation is based on the CQI report. Based on the difference between the estimated SINRRS and SINRTarget, the transmitting power of the PHICH is periodically adjusted according to the path loss and shading. If SINRRS is smaller than SINRTarget, the transmitting power is increased. Otherwise, the transmitting power is decreased.) −

In dynamic scheduling, the power of the PDSCH is determined by PA, and the power is adjusted by updating PA. When the eNodeB receives a reported CQI from the UE, it compares it with that reported in the previous time. If there is a great difference between the two CQI values, the power adjustment is performed, and a process of re-calculating the PA for the UE is started.

−

In semi-static scheduling, based on the difference between the measured IBLER of VoIP packets and IBLERTarget, the transmitting power of the PDSCH is periodically adjusted to meet IBLERTarget requirements. If the measured IBLER is smaller than IBLERTarget, the transmitting power is decreased. Otherwise, the transmitting power is increased. The transmit power for the PDCCH is periodically adjusted according to the DTX. If the DTX cannot meet system demand, transmit power is increased.

Enhancement 

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)

In eRAN2.0


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1 Basic Features

PDSCH and PDCCH dynamic power control is optimized.

Dependency None

1.2.18 LBFD-002017 DRX Availability This feature is 








Summary In RRC_CONNECTED status, UE working on DRX (Discontinuous Reception) mode switches the receiver on and off alternately according to the configuration of eNodeB to continue or suspend the receiving of data and signals from network.

Benefits This feature is mainly used to reduce the power consumption of UEs.

Description To support the feature, UE should be configured by RRC with DRX functionality that allows it to discontinuously monitor PDCCH on specific sub-frames. There are two states in DRX mode, which are active state and sleep state namely DRX state. During the active time, UE monitor PDCCH for the possible downlink transmission from network. Switching between two of the DRX states is not only related with several timers, which are On Duration timer, DRX Inactivity timer and DRX Retransmission timer but also related with other some special situation such as that HARQ buffer is not empty, and UE is in RA response process. DRX may also be used for CGI measurement in ANR.

Enhancement 

In eRAN 3.0 Up to 320ms Long DRX cycle in sync is introduced, while up to 40ms Long DRX cycle in sync was supported in version before.

Dependency None

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1.2.19 LBFD-002018 Mobility Management 1.2.19.1 LBFD-00201801 Coverage Based Intra-frequency Handover Availability This feature is 








Summary Handover functionality is important in any cellular telecommunications network. It is performed to ensure no disruption to services. Handover plays a significant role in LTE system performance since its main purpose is to decrease the communication delay, enlarge the coverage and then enhance the system performance. Intra-Frequency Handover enables a UE in RRC-CONNECTED mode to be served continuously when it moves across different cells that are operating at the same frequency.

Benefits The coverage-based intra-frequency handover feature provides supplementary coverage in intra-frequency LTE systems to prevent call drop, enable seamless coverage and therefore improve the network performance and end user experience.

Description This feature is one of the fundamental functions of an LTE system. The purpose of handover is to ensure that a UE in RRC-CONNECTED mode is served continuously when it moves. Handover in LTE is characterized by the handover procedure in which the original connection is released before a new connection is set up. Intra-frequency handover refers to the handover between cells operating at the same frequency band. It can be triggered by coverage or load. In eRAN1.0, the coverage-based intra-frequency handover is supported. The intra-frequency handover procedure can be divided into three phases: handover measurement, handover decision, and handover execution. E-UTRAN configures the handover-related measurement through the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. The UE could measure either Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) or Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) for intra-frequency handover. Upon receiving a measurement report from the UE, the eNodeB makes a handover decision according to certain triggering criteria. If a handover is required, the handover execution procedure will be invoked and the UE will be handed over from the source eNodeB to the target eNodeB. Huawei eRAN1.0 follows the intra-frequency handover procedures specified in 3GPP TS 36.300. The following scenarios are considered in the intra-frequency handover:

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1 Basic Features



Handover between two cells configured in the same eNodeB. No external neighbor cell is needed. This scenario is not applicable to Micro eNodeB because Micro eNodeB only supports one cell.



Handover between two cells configured in different eNodeBs with an X2 interface available. In this case, the source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUEST message over the X2 interface.



Handover between two cells configured in different eNodeBs with no X2 interface available. In this case, the source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUIRED message over the S1 interface.



In eRAN2.2

Enhancement Each PLMN id of eNodeB will have its own PLMN list; each PLMN list can contain at most 8 PLMN Identities; PLMN list is used as an access list for serving cell to judge whether UE could handover to target cell in Inter-PLMN handover; Other cell, whose PLMN ids are all different with serving cell PLMN id in which UE is located and at same time are not in its PLMN list, will not be considered as target cell in handover process for this UE.

Dependency None

1.2.19.2 LBFD-00201802 Coverage Based Inter-frequency Handover Availability This feature is 








Summary Inter-Frequency Handover enables a UE in RRC-CONNECTED mode to be served continuously when it moves across different cells that are operating at different frequencies.

Benefits The coverage-based inter-frequency handover provides supplementary coverage in inter-frequency LTE systems to prevent call drop, enable seamless coverage, and therefore improve the network performance and end user experience.

Description This feature is one of the fundamental functions for an LTE system. The purpose of inter-frequency handover is to ensure that a UE in RRC-CONNECTED mode is served continuously when it moves across different cells operating at different frequencies. The inter-frequency handover procedure can be divided into four phases: measurement triggering, handover measurement, handover decision, and handover execution.

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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In inter-frequency handover, neighboring cell measurements are inter-frequency measurements. The measurement is gap assisted for UEs with one RF receiver. The measurement is triggered by an event A2 and stopped by an event A1, based on the monitoring on the value of RSRP or RSRQ. In inter-frequency handover, the UE sends measurement reports to the eNodeB when the RSRP or RSRQ meets the criteria set in the measurement configuration. Upon receiving a measurement report from the UE, the eNodeB makes a handover decision. If the measurement meets the handover criteria, the eNodeB will perform the corresponding inter-frequency handover as specified in TS 36.300. The following inter-frequency handover scenarios are applicable: 

Handover between two cells configured in the same eNodeB. In this case, the UE performs the handover between two cells configured in the same eNodeB and no external interface is required. This scenario is not applicable to Micro eNodeB because Micro eNodeB only supports one cell.



Handover between two cells configured in different eNodeBs with an X2 interface available. In this case, the source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUEST message over the X2 interface.



Handover between two cells configured in different eNodeBs with no X2 interface available. In this case, the source eNodeB sends a HANDOVER REQUIRED message over the S1 interface.



eRAN2.2

Enhancement Each PLMN id of eNodeB will have its own PLMN list; each PLMN list can contain at most 8 PLMN Identities; PLMN list is used as an access list for serving cell to judge whether UE could handover to target cell in Inter-PLMN handover; Other cell, whose PLMN ids are all different with serving cell PLMN id in which UE is located and at same time are not in its PLMN list, will not be considered as target cell in handover process for this UE. 

eRAN3.0 The inter-frequency handover based on UL power is supported. It guarantees service continuity in uplink limited power when a UE moves to the cell edge.



eRAN6.0 The urgent redirection function has been provided by this feature. After a UE accesses a cell, the eNodeB delivers two sets of event A2 configurations. One is used for triggering measurements, and the other is used for triggering urgent redirection. The triggering of event A2 for urgent redirection indicates that the signal quality in the serving cell has become too poor to provide services for the UE. In this case, the eNodeB blindly redirects the UE to a neighboring GERAN, UTRAN, or E-UTRAN cell.

Dependency 

UE UE should support for inter-frequency Gap measurements

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1.2.19.3 LBFD-00201803 Cell Selection and Re-selection Availability This feature is 








Summary Cell selection/reselection is a mechanism for UE in idle mode to select/reselect a cell to camp on and to receive the most appropriate service support upon session activation in LTE systems.

Benefits This feature provides a mechanism for UE in idle mode to select/reselect a cell to camp on by supplementary coverage in LTE systems. This feature facilitates the automatic selection of the network for UE in idle mode and avoids the complexity of manual operations. The UE is always bound to a relatively good cell to obtain better service quality.

Description When UE selects a PLMN or transition from RRC-CONNECTED to RRC-IDLE, cell selection is required. The Non-Access Stratum (NAS) can determine the RAT(s) in which the cell selection should be performed, for instance, by indicating the RAT(s) associated with the selected PLMN and by maintaining a list of forbidden registration areas and a list of equivalent PLMN. The UE shall select a suitable cell based on idle mode measurements and cell selection criteria. UE in RRC_IDLE can perform cell reselection if UE find a cell with a better radio environment. When camping on a cell, UE shall regularly search for a better cell according to the cell reselection criteria. If a better cell is found, that cell is reselected. Absolute priorities of different E-UTRAN frequencies can be provided to the UE in the system information and optionally in the RRC message releasing the RRC connection. Compared with Macro eNodeBs, higher priorities will be set for frequencies of Micro eNodeBs so that the UE prefers to camp on Micro eNodeB cells. In case a Micro cell is on the same frequency with a Macro cell, the eNodeB configuration also makes the cell selection or reselection to the Micro cell easier than to the Macro cell.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1.2.19.4 LBFD-00201804 Distance Based Inter-frequency Handover Availability This feature is 








Summary Huawei LTE eNodeB supports distance based inter-frequency handover.

Benefits Better End user Experience (Always Best Connected)

Description When moving around away from the serving eNodeB with frequency F1, the user may still experience a relatively strong signal from F1 so that the condition of A2 event can't be satisfied to trigger an inter-frequency handover, even though the neighboring inter-frequency eNodeB signal is much better than F1. In order to make the user always keep the best connection, a distance based inter-frequency handover is employed. When distance based HO algorithm is used, eNodeB should continuously measure the distance to each UE based on the TA measurement, once the distance exceeds an operator configured distance threshold, inter-frequency gap measurements of neighboring eNodeB will be triggered to find an optimal handover candidate to improve user performance

Enhancement None

Dependency 


1.2.19.5 LBFD-00201805 Service Based Inter-frequency Handover Availability This feature is 








Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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Summary Huawei LTE eNodeB supports service based inter-frequency handover. UE with specific service would be moved to the cell of the configured frequency.

Benefits Service Based Inter-frequency Handover is used to improve efficiency and capacity of whole system.

Description The operator could configure specific group of policies for service-based inter-frequency handovers. Each group will be associated with a QCI. The default policy is to prohibit handovers. A bearer of QCI 5 and QCIs of default bearers are not recommended to be configured to allow handovers. When service based Inter-frequency handover algorithm is used, eNodeB should continuously monitor the UE service state. If QCI (each type of service is mapping to a QCI index) is changed, inter-frequency measurements of configured group will be triggered to find an optimal handover candidate.

Enhancement None

Dependency 


1.2.20 LBFD-002020 Antenna Configuration 1.2.20.1 LBFD-00202001 UL 2-Antenna Receive Diversity Availability This feature is 








Summary Receive diversity is a common type of multiple antennas technology to improve signal reception and to combat signal fading and interference. It improves network capacity and data rates. Huawei eNodeB supports both RX diversity mode and no RX diversity mode.

Benefits This feature can improve the receiver sensitivity and uplink coverage.

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Description Receive diversity is a technique to monitor signals at multiple frequencies from the same signal source, or to monitor time division signals at the same frequency from the same signal source, in order to combat signal fading and interference. Receive diversity is one way to enhance the reception over uplink channels, including PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, and SRS. Huawei eNodeB supports both RX diversity mode and no RX diversity mode. In RX diversity mode, the eNodeB can be configured with 2 antennas (2-way). In RX diversity mode, the eNodeB does not require additional devices and works with the Maximum-Ratio Combining (MRC) or Interference Rejection Combining (IRC) algorithms. Compared with 1-way reception without RX diversity, 2-way RX diversity requires twice the number of RX channels. The number of RX channels depends on the settings of the antenna connectors.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB RX diversity requires the eNodeB to provide enough RF channels and demodulation resources that can match the number of diversity antennas.

1.2.21 LBFD-002021 Reliability 1.2.21.1 LBFD-00202101 Main Processing and Transport Unit Cold Backup Availability This feature is 








Summary The feature provides cold backup capability to the LMPT (LTE Main Processing and Transport Unit) or UMPT(Universal Main Processing and Transport Unit) board of Huawei eNodeB.

Benefits If there is only one LMPT board configured in the system, the failure of this board will cause long-time service outage of the base station. However, service can be automatically recovered within 3 minutes with LMPT redundancy. LMPT redundancy design is helpful for eNodeB to reach higher availability, greater than 99.999%.

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Description Two LMPT boards are configured in the system. When the system starts, the arbitrator module located on each LMPT board decides which board becomes active or standby. The active board handles several control and operation functions and provides for the most common transport network connectivity requirements. When it detects hardware or software faults on the board, it will switch to the standby state. Meanwhile, the standby board switches to the active state. The service can be automatically recovered within 3 minutes. The operator can also manually trigger LMPT switchover by EMS (Element Management System).

Enhancement 

In eRAN3.0 The UMPT board also supports cold backup capability.

Dependency 

eNodeB To support this feature, the eNodeB must be configured with two LMPT/UMPT boards.

1.2.21.2 LBFD-00202102 Cell Re-build Between Baseband Processing Units Availability This feature is 








Summary In Huawei eNodeB, multiple LTE Baseband Processing (LBBP) boards can be configured to serve multiple cells. When an LBBP fails, the cell/cells served by the failed LBBP can be rebuilt on another operating LBBP with spare resources or on a backup LBBP if available.

Benefits This feature ensures the cell coverage by cell re-establishment and improves the system reliability in case of an LBBP failure.

Description Generally an eNodeB is equipped with multiple LBBP boards that serve multiple cells. The following figures show the example of configurations of 3*10M 2T2R with CPRI interface backup respectively.

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Figure 1-1 3*10M 2T2R

When an LBBP board fails due to a hardware fault, communication interface failure, or other faults, the eNodeB is able to detect and locate the failure and tries to choose a target LBBP board on which the cell/cells are to be rebuilt. The target LBBP should have a CPRI connection with the RRU serving the cell/cells involved, as shown in the preceding figures. The selection of a target LBBP board mainly depends on the spare resources at the potential target LBBP board.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB The eNodeB should be equipped with at least two LBBP boards.

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1.2.21.3 LBFD-00202103 SCTP Multi-homing Availability This feature is 








Summary Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is the signaling bearer protocol of the S1/X2 interface. It provides the similar service features of TCP and UDP, but ensures reliability, in-sequence transport of messages with congestion control, and offers multi-homing support for fault recovery by failover between redundant network paths.

Benefits This feature provides reliability of signaling bearers.

Description Figure 1-2 Stream Control Transmission Protocol

SCTP is the signaling bearer protocol of the S1/X2 interface. With this function, one SCTP association has two paths (IP-couple). An SCTP association is the logical channel between two SCTP ends. The two paths in one SCTP association are a master path and a slave path. Generally, the master path is active. When the master path fails, the slave path is activated.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1.2.21.4 LBFD-00202104 Intra-baseband Card Resource Pool (user level/cell level) Availability This feature is 








Summary In this feature, the processing resources in a baseband processing board of Huawei eNodeB are aggregated into a baseband resource pool in which all they are shared for the load processing.

Benefits This feature ensures the stability and robustness of eNodeB, in which the processing resources are aggregated into a pool to share all load and therefore to prevent individual resource from outage due to overload. The feature also improves the average cell capacity of eNodeB.

Description The baseband processing board of Huawei eNodeB consists of several processing resources. A baseband processing board is capable of supporting multiple cells depending on the bandwidths. In this feature, the processing resources are aggregated into a resource pool to be shared for user data processing by multiple cells. A new user will be assigned to a resource which has the least load. In an occasional situation, if a resource should be overloaded or in outage, the eNodeB can reduce the load of the individual resource or move its existing users to other resources.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB This feature is only applicable to LBBPc.

1.2.22 LBFD-002022 Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination 1.2.22.1 LBFD-00202201 Downlink Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Availability This feature is 

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


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Summary The downlink static inter-cell interference coordination function is used to reduce the downlink inter-cell interference. The basic principle is that the cell edge users of different neighboring cells are allocated with non-overlapping frequency bands by static configuration so as to mitigate frequency interference.

Benefits The downlink ICIC feature reduces the downlink inter-cell interference, therefore improves cell edge user's throughput.

Description In an LTE system, a cell can use the entire system frequency band and therefore it is inevitable to cause inter-cell interference for a multi-cell deployment, particularly at the cell edge area. It is important to develop an efficient solution to mitigate the inter-cell interference in the multi-cell environment in order to achieve the performance target. A common solution is to coordinate the transmission frequency bands among neighboring cells to reduce the inter-cell interference. In Huawei downlink static ICIC solution, for each cell, a fixed portion of the system frequency band is allocated to the cell edge users (CEUs). Between neighboring cells, the allocation of the static CEU frequency band is carefully planned to avoid overlapping. The transmitting power for cell center users is limited below a certain threshold, but no such limit for cell edges users. By doing so, the interference among the cell edge users within neighboring cells can be reduced, which is the major source of the inter-cell interference. A simple example of the static ICIC solution is the so-call frequency reuse 3. Among three neighboring cells, each cell will use different 1/3 of the frequency band for the CEUs.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.22.2 LBFD-00202202 Uplink Static Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Availability This feature is 








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Summary The uplink static inter-cell interference coordination function is used to reduce the uplink inter-cell interference. The basic principle is that the cell edge users of different neighboring cells are allocated with non-overlapping frequency bands by static configuration so as to mitigate frequency interference between cell edge users in neighboring cells.

Benefits Uplink ICIC reduces inter-cell interference; therefore improve cell edge users as well as the cell coverage.

Description The uplink Inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is a technique to combat the inter-cell interference for an LTE system by coordinating transmitting power control and resource allocation in frequency domain between neighboring cells. It can improve the throughput of cell edge users and reduce impact of interference on system performance. In Huawei uplink static ICIC solution, the coordination is achieved at the frequency domain, where the cell edge users are given non-overlapping frequency bands. That is, the frequency band allocation for static UL ICIC is per cell basis. Between the neighboring cells, the allocation of the static CEU frequency band of neighbor cells is carefully planned to avoid overlapping. By doing so, the interference among the cell edge users in neighboring cells can be reduced, which is the major source of the inter-cell interference.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.23 LBFD-002027 Support of UE Category 1 Availability This feature is 








Summary E-UTRAN needs to respect the signaled UE radio access capability parameters when configuring the UE and when scheduling the UE. There are five categories defined in the protocol. This feature can enable base station to support UE category 1.

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Benefits This feature can enable base station to support UE category 1.

Description E-UTRAN needs to respect the signaled UE radio access capability parameters when configuring the UE and when scheduling the UE. There are five categories defined in the protocol. This feature can enable base station to support UE category 1. Table 1-2 Downlink physical layer parameter values set by the field UE-Category UE Category

Maximum number of DL-SCH transport blocks bits received within a TTI

Maximum number of bits of a DL-SCH transport block received within a TTI

Total number of soft channel bits

Maximum number of supported layers for spatial multiplexing in DL

Category 1

10296

10296

250368

1

Category 2

51024

51024

1237248

2

Category 3

102048

75376

1237248

2

Category 4

150752

75376

1827072

2

Category 5

299552

149776

3667200

4

Table 1-3 Uplink physical layer parameter values set by the field UE-Category UE Category

Maximum number of bits of an UL-SCH transport block transmitted within a TTI

Support for 64QAM in UL

Category 1

5160

No

Category 2

25456

No

Category 3

51024

No

Category 4

51024

No

Category 5

75376

Yes

Table 1-4 Total layer 2 buffer sizes set by the field UE-Category UE Category

Total layer 2 buffer size [KBytes]

Category 1

150

Category 2

700

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Category 3

1400

Category 4

1900

Category 5

3500

Enhancement None

Dependency 

UE UE should support the same category as eNodeB.

1.2.24 LBFD-002028 Emergency Call Availability This feature is 








Summary The emergency call service is an operator-assisted service that connects a caller in a life-threatening or time-critical situation to an emergency service organization.

Benefits This feature provides all users, even those without SIM, a prioritized connection to an emergency service organization.

Description The emergency Call service is an operator-assisted service that connects a caller in a life-threatening or time-critical situation to an emergency service organization such as police, hospital and fire station. New features in E-UTRAN to support emergency call are as follows: 

Support of identifying emergency call users



Support of special processing such as access class barring and priority handling for the network access and mobility management



Support of location service for emergency call users. This function depends on the feature LOFD-001047 LoCation Services (LCS).

Admission of an emergency call is prioritized over other ongoing sessions in the eNodeB to enable call completion. Regardless of network features/services activated in the network (for example, unconditional call-forwarding, or incoming call barring), the Public Safety Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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Answering Point (PSAP, used in US)/ Emergency Centre (EC, used in Europe) is able to get emergency caller's location by means of LCS and call back the caller once an emergency call has been placed. The emergency call, served on LTE with multi-mode terminal, fallbacks to UMTS or GSM depending upon LTE VoIP support. Four types of users are permitted to initiate an emergency call: 

Common user: normal subscriber



Common restricted user: normal subscriber, whose calls are restricted for some reasons (for example, out of coverage of own PLMN)



Restricted user with SIM card: User, whose SIM card fails to authenticate, uses IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) to initiate an emergency call.



Restricted user without SIM card: User, without SIM card, uses IMEI to initiate an emergency call

This feature supports 911 Emergency Calls (North America) / 112 Emergency Calls (Europe) in its SAE/LTE network as defined by 3GPP specification.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

UE UE should support IMS based voice service on LTE or voice service on 2G/3G.



CN The emergency call should be supported in the core network.



Other features The location service for emergency call users function depends on the optional feature LOFD-001047 LoCation Services (LCS).



Others If IMS is not deployed, the support of the optional feature CS Fallback to GERAN/UTRAN/CDMA2000 will be needed.

1.2.25 LBFD-002029 Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) Availability This feature is 








Summary When an event occurs e.g. an Earthquake, Warning Notification Providers produce Warning Notification to PLMN operator, PLMN operators distribute Warning Notifications to users by utilizing Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System(ETWS).

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Benefits 

Quick Warning Notification delivery after the occurrence of Earthquake or Tsunami.



Accurate Warning Notification delivery.

Description When the occurrence of a disaster e.g. an Earthquake, is detected, Warning Notification Provider e.g. local government, is responsible for notifying the public as soon as possible. Figure 1-3 Overview of Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System

Warning Notification Provider may publish Primary Notification to PLMN firstly, the content of the Primary Notification only includes the most urgent information related to the disaster. The Notification Area where the Warning Notification is expected to be distributed is also specified by Warning Notification Provider. While the Primary Notification is delivered by PLMN to users in the Notification Area, The UE which detects the delivery of the Primary Notification alerts the user e.g. by sound and vibration. Warning Notification Provider may publish a Secondary Notification to PLMN secondly. The content of the Secondary Notification may include additional information, such as instructions on what to do / where to get help as long as the emergency lasts. The Notification Area is also specified by Warning Notification Provider. While the Secondary Notification is delivered by PLMN to users in the Notification Area, The UE which detects the delivery of the Secondary Notification alerts the users e.g. by specified buzzer and vibration. While Warning Notification Provider specifies that the Notification should be delivered periodically, Warning Notification Provider may request the PLMN to stop to disseminate the notification.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

UE UE should support ETWS



CN Core Network should support ETWS

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1.2.26 LBFD-002031 Support of aperiodic CQI reports Availability This feature is 








Summary Aperiodic CQI is reported on PUSCH and the UE can be configured to report periodic CQI and aperiodic CQI together or individually.

Benefits Aperiodic CQI can offer more detailed channel quality information which may make the downlink spectrum efficiency better.

Description Aperiodic CQI is triggered by the UL scheduler periodically when needed and the CQI Request field in the UL grant is used to indicate the aperiodic CQI report. Higher layer-configured reporting modes will be supported, and the given mode is configured by the RRC. Higher layer-configured 

Mode 3-0: A wideband CQI and one sub-band CQI for each sub-band are reported.



Mode 3-1: A wideband CQI and one sub-band CQI for each sub-band per codeword are reported. A wideband PMI is also reported.

Huawei eNodeB supports aperiodic CQI reporting , the reporting interval depends on the UL load. The interval will be lengthened adaptively when the UL load is high.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.27 LBFD-002032 Extended-QCI Availability This feature is 








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Summary Huawei supports extended QoS Class Identifier (extended QCI) (255 QCI including 9 standard QCI defined in 3GPP). Extended QCI can be used as operator defined QCI to support customized non-GBR service. Extended QCI index can be defined by operator and need SAE to support it.

Benefits It can be configurable flexibly by operator and meet multi need of operator who wants to operate the differentiated service.

Description This feature supports extended QCI, which means that MME send one extended QCI index in RAB assignment message. The eNodeB can configure these extended QCI and can be assigned radio resource differently according to the different QCI number and different scheduling weight factor. The extended QCI can be configurable with Gold, Silver, and Bronze, which is the same as the ARP. Huawei currently supports extended non-GBR QCI, and the configurable scenario is that eNodeB get the QCI index firstly, set the ARP and QoS parameter ( PDB, PLER, schedule weight) related with QCI index.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

Others It relates with SAE.

1.2.28 LBFD-002033 SCTP Congestion Control Availability This feature is 








Summary If a network has heavy traffic, Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) congestion control can be used to prevent SCTP association exceptions caused by SCTP signaling congestion. SCTP congestion control is triggered when the SCTP resources, including the central processing unit (CPU) and buffer resources, are insufficient. In eRAN6.0, only downlink SCTP Congestion Control is supported.

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Benefits This feature enhances the signaling message handling robustness in scenarios where the network is heavily loaded.

Description In an LTE system, control plane messages are used to ensure that the E-UTRAN runs properly and service connections are set up and released properly. The reliability of control plane messages plays a fundamental role in the LTE system. S1 signaling messages between an eNodeB and an MME and X2 signaling messages between eNodeBs are transmitted in compliance with SCTP. As smartphones and applications such as instant messaging (IM) are popularized, signaling traffic increases sharply. SCTP resources, including the CPU and buffer resources, become a bottleneck in scenarios where the service traffic and signaling traffic are heavy. In such scenarios, SCTP congestion control helps to maintain signaling transmission robustness and reduce impacts on service key performance indicators (KPIs). The SCTP congestion control procedure includes SCTP congestion detection, back-pressure, and signaling congestion control at the application layer. The eNodeB determines whether SCTP signaling is congested based on the SCTP resource usage. If downlink SCTP signaling is congested, the eNodeB informs EPC by normal SCTP mechanism. EPC side decreases signaling traffic to reduce signaling load of eNodeB by congestion control procedure. If uplink SCTP signaling is congested, the eNodeB informs the application layer of the congestion by back-pressure.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

CN Downlink SCTP control depends on the support of congestion control procedure in EPC side as defined in RFC 4960.

1.2.29 LBFD-002034 RRU Channel Cross Connection Under MIMO Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature enables eNodeB provides service to one sector through two RRUs. When one RRU fails, it will not lead to the total outage of that sector. This feature is changed to basic feature from optional feature since eRAN6.0.

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Benefits When deployed in the field, perhaps the RRU is installed on top of the tower or the base station is installed in inaccessible area. The equipment cannot be easily maintained. In this case, if one RRU fails, the sector will be out of service for a long time. However, with this new scheme, one RRU failure will not cause the outage of the whole sector so that the service coverage can be ensured. By reliability prediction, the availability of RRU will increase from 5 nine's (0.99999844) to 6 nine's (0.99999932). In addition, this scheme does not increase any hardware cost.

Description This scheme can greatly increase equipment reliability with no additional hardware cost. By utilizing the independency of the MIMO channels, the sector service can be processed through different RRUs. When one RRU fails, the other RRU can still process the service data of that sector so the total outage of that sector will not occur. Meanwhile, the performance of that faulty sector will be decreased. This scheme can be applied in multiple sectors configuration and MIMO architecture. Taking 2T2R RRU for example, there are three RRUs (from left to right which are RRU1, RRU2 and RRU3) The left chart is for the legacy scheme and the right one is for the load sharing scheme. Antenna 1 is connected to RRU1 and RRU2. Antenna 2 is connected to RRU2 and RRU3. Antenna 3 is connected to RRU3 and RRU1. In the legacy scheme, when one RRU fails, the sector connected is totally out of service. While applying MIMO load sharing scheme, when one RRU, for example RRU1 fails, the other antenna of that sector is connected to RRU2, service in that faulty sector can still be processed. In the meanwhile, that operation mode is changed from 2T2R to 1T1R and the performance decreases (such as in coverage area or throughput). On the other hand, as sector 3 uses one transmit/receive channel of RRU1, the performance decreases as well. Moreover, because the antenna mode has change for both sector1 and sector3, it is necessary to reconfigure the cell data, which will cause 20s outage of service. Figure 1-4 RRU channel cross connection under MIMO

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Figure 1-5 Comparing with no MIMO load Sharing

Enhancement None

Dependency 

Others This feature is more suitable for RRUs installed on top of the tower.

1.2.30 LBFD-060101 Optimization of Periodic and Aperiodic CQI Reporting Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature is one of the basic scheduling features. It involves optimization of periodic channel quality indicator (CQI) reporting and enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting. Optimization of periodic CQI reporting prolongs the CQI reporting interval when CQI reporting period adaptation is enabled. Enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting considers the CQI reporting interval and downlink services. When a UE uses a long CQI reporting interval and performs downlink services, aperiodic CQI reporting is triggered. The aperiodic CQI reporting interval is shorter than the periodic CQI reporting interval.

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Benefits Optimization of periodic CQI reporting reduces the consumption of PUCCH resource blocks (RBs) and therefore makes more RBs available to the PUSCH and increases uplink throughput. Enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting increases the number of CQI reports and downlink throughput. The downlink gain depends on the UE's CQI measurement performance.

Description Optimization of periodic CQI reporting prolongs the CQI reporting interval when CQI reporting period adaptation is enabled. It reduces the consumption of PUCCH RBs and therefore makes more RBs available to the PUSCH and increases uplink throughput. Enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting considers the CQI reporting interval and downlink services. When a UE uses a long CQI reporting interval and performs downlink services, aperiodic CQI reporting is triggered. The aperiodic CQI reporting interval is shorter than the periodic CQI reporting interval. Therefore, enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting obtains more CQI reports and achieves higher downlink throughput than periodic CQI reporting. Enhancement of aperiodic CQI reporting requires additional PDCCH resources.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.31 LBFD-060102 Enhanced UL Frequency Selective Scheduling Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature adaptively selects the frequency selective scheduling mode based on the number of synchronized UEs and the number of to-be-scheduled UEs in a cell.

Benefits This feature reduces the interference to UEs, improves the modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), and therefore increases UE throughput.

Description Frequency selective fading is inevitable due to the multipath effect in radio channels. Because frequency selective fading changes relatively slowly for low-mobility UEs, frequency Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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selective fading is considered to be stable within the channel coherence time. The LTE system adopts single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) in the uplink. In the system, the system bandwidth is wide and the subband bandwidths for resource allocation can be narrow. The channel fading effect varies with subbands. During scheduling, the eNodeB allocates the subbands in good channel quality to UEs, which is called frequency selective scheduling. Generally, the distributions of frequency selective fading for UEs are scattered, that is, good-quality subbands are UE-specific. Therefore, all UEs can be scheduled on their good-quality subbands, thereby increasing network throughput. When this feature is disabled and the number of synchronized UEs in a cell is less than or equal to 15, uplink frequency selective scheduling is used. When this feature is disabled and the number of synchronized UEs in a cell is greater than 15, the eNodeB allocates resources in order of RB sequence number. In this case, inter-cell interference cannot be avoided and the UEs experience interference all the time. When this feature is enabled, the eNodeB adaptively selects the frequency selective scheduling mode based on the number of synchronized UEs and the number of to-be-scheduled UEs in a cell. As a result, this feature reduces the interference to UEs and therefore increases UE throughput.

Enhancement 

In eRAN7.0 eNodeBs select MCSs for slowly moving UEs based on the reported signal to interference plus noise ratios (SINRs) in subbands during frequency selective scheduling. Therefore, the frequency selective scheduling gains increase, raising the spectral efficiency and throughput of the UEs.

Dependency None

1.2.32 LBFD-060103 Enhanced DL Frequency Selective Scheduling Availability This feature is 








Summary Due to the multipath effect, radio signals reaching a receiver by multiple paths have different phases, amplitudes, and delays. This results in frequency selective fading. To achieve better system performance, the Enhanced DL Frequency Selective Scheduling feature is introduced to LTE. This feature chooses sub-bands with higher quality for data transmission.

Benefits This feature increases downlink throughput.

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Description During downlink frequency selective scheduling, the eNodeB calculates each UE's scheduling priority on each sub-band based on the sub-band CQIs reported by the UEs. Based on these priorities, the eNodeB allocates different sub-bands to the most appropriate UEs. When downlink frequency selective scheduling is enabled, each resource block group (RBG) is allocated to the most appropriate UE and therefore more UEs are scheduled in each transmission time interval (TTI). However, this may require more PDCCH resources, make less resources available to the PDSCH, and decrease downlink throughput. Compared with earlier versions, eRAN6.0 enhances the PDCCH symbol adaptation function. It makes a balance between PDCCH symbols and PDSCH symbols and therefore achieves frequency selective gains in more scenarios.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.33 LBFD-070103 Multi-Band Compatibility Enhancement Availability This feature is 








Summary If a cell works at a frequency that belongs to multiple bands, it can be configured as a multi-band cell.

Benefits In the case that there are existed different bands in same frequency, UEs support one band can access a network configured with multiple bands, which can support roaming terminal better. For example, if a cell is configured with both bands 2 and 25, UEs supporting band 2 or band 25 can access the cell.

Description According to 3GPP TS 36.331 released before October, 2012, the information about the band supported by a cell is sent to a UE by using an SIB, and each cell supports only one band. If the band indicated in the SIB differs from the band supported by the UE, the UE cannot access the cell. 3GPP TS 36.331, released in October 2012, defines the extended fields for SIBs: SIB1: contains the multi-band indicator of the serving cell. Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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SIB2: contains additionalSpectrumEmission of different bands. SIB5: contains the multi-band indicator of a neighboring cell. SIB6: contains the multi-band indicator of a UMTS cell. In LTE FDD eRAN7.0, a cell can work at multiple bands and the preceding types of SIBs are sent to UEs. If a UE supports one of the bands at which a cell works, the UE can access the cell. If a UE supports one of the bands configured for a neighboring cell, the UE can be handed over to this cell. More candidate cells are therefore available for a UE handover. If a UTRAN cell is configured with different bands, SIB6 is used to send the band information to UEs. If a UE supports one of the bands, more candidate cells are available for inter-RAT cell reselection. according to 3GPP, the scenario with multi-band Compatibility are: Frequency

Band

700M

12,17

1900M

2, 25

AWS

4, 10

1700M/1800M

3, 9

800M/850M

5, 18, 19, 26, 27

Enhancement None

Dependency 

UE UEs must support the parsing and processing of SIBs (SIB1, SIB2, SIB5, and SIB6) according to the Multi-Band CR used by 3GPP TS 36.331.



Other features This feature depends on LBFD-002009 Broadcast of System Information.

1.2.34 LBFD-070101 Uplink Timing Based on PUCCH Availability This feature is 








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Summary The eNodeB performs uplink timing based on the PUCCH-CQI. CQI stands for channel quality indicator.

Benefits Uplink timing based on the PUCCH-CQI eliminates the need to allocate uplink resources dedicated to uplink timing, thereby improving uplink resource utilization.

Description Uplink timing is a basic function of the E-UTRAN. In versions earlier than eRAN7.0, uplink timing based on the sounding reference signal (SRS) or demodulation reference signal (DMRS) has been used. Uplink timing based on the PUCCH-CQI resource is now introduced as a supplement. With this feature, the eNodeB calculates the timing offset by using the PUCCH-CQI. Based on the results of this calculation, the eNodeB then converts the timing offset into the Timing Advance Command and sends the command to the UE. The UE uses this information to adjust the time to transmit uplink signals. The entire process ensures time synchronization between the UE and the eNodeB.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB This feature is applicable to neither BTS3202E nor eNodeBs configured with an LBBPc board.

1.2.35 LBFD-070102 MBR>GBR Configuration Availability This feature is 








Summary The eNodeB allows the maximum bit rate (MBR) to be greater than the guaranteed bit rate (GBR).

Benefits Setting of the MBR to be greater than the GBR allows applications to take advantage of additional system capacity when it is available, thereby improving resource utilization and user experience. For details, see 3GPP TS 23.860.

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1 Basic Features

Description The definition of MBR allows the increasing real-time services (such as voice and video services), whose data rates are elastic, to make use of additional network resources that may be available. The GBR can be set to the minimum data rate at which the real-time services can be carried, and the MBR can be set to the maximum data rate at which the optimal user experience is achieved. When the E-UTRAN is not congested and idle network resources are available, the real-time services carried on the GBR bearers can reach rates between the GBR and the MBR.

Enhancement None.

Dependency None.

1.2.36 LBFD-070105 IoT-based PUSCH Power Control Availability This feature is 








Summary When the network is lightly loaded, uplink interference can be mitigated using uplink frequency selective scheduling or interference-randomization-based scheduling. However, when the network is heavily loaded in special scenarios such as a concert or soccer match, neither uplink frequency selective scheduling nor interference-randomization-based scheduling can effectively mitigate uplink interference. As a result, performance of cell edge UEs (CEUs) deteriorates. IoT-based PUSCH Power Control is introduced to decrease inter-cell uplink interference and improve performance of CEUs in these scenarios. (IoT is short for interference over thermal.)

Benefits PUSCH power control based on the exchange of overload indications (OIs) between cells decreases inter-cell uplink interference and increases uplink throughput of CEUs in special scenarios.

Description When a heavily-loaded cell detects strong uplink interference, the cell sends UL Interference Overload Indication to neighboring cells (or sends the LOAD INFORMATION message containing UL Interference Overload Indication to inter-eNodeB neighboring cells over X2 interfaces). After receiving UL Interference Overload Indication, the neighboring cells adjust the PUSCH transmit power of UEs in and near the cell center to decrease uplink interference on their adjacent cells. Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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1 Basic Features

In heavily-loaded networks, uplink interference on cells that send UL Interference Overload Indication decreases, and uplink throughput of CEUs in these cells increases. In the cells that receive UL Interference Overload Indication, UEs in and near the cell center decrease the PUSCH transmit power, so uplink throughput of these UEs decreases. In heavily-loaded networks with strong interference, to better provide LTE services for as many UEs as possible in special scenarios, uplink coverage of neighboring cells can be enhanced and user experience of CEUs can be improved at the cost of performance of UEs in and near the center of a local cell.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.37 LBFD-070106 PDSCH Efficiency Improvement Availability This feature is 








Summary In LTE networks, surplus physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) resources are available in scenarios where the maximum number of transmitted bits in each transmission time interval (TTI) is less than the maximum number of bits that the band can transmit or where the traffic volume to be transmitted is too small. In large traffic volume scenarios, insufficient physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) resources result in a limited number of UEs to be scheduled in the downlink and a low PDSCH resource usage. This feature increases the PDSCH resource usage in the preceding scenarios, thereby increasing downlink throughput and improving user experience.

Benefits This feature enables better utilization of PDSCH resources and improves user experience.

Description An eNodeB takes the following measures in scenarios where surplus resource blocks (RBs) are available in LTE networks: 1.

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)

When the traffic volume to be scheduled remains unchanged, the eNodeB increases the number of RBs to be scheduled and lowers the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to improve transmission reliability and user experience.


55


2.

1 Basic Features

In large traffic volume scenarios, the eNodeB randomly selects a UE with large-size packets during downlink scheduling and reserves PDCCH resources for the UE. The eNodeB allocates PDSCH resources to the UE when scheduling the last UE. In this manner, the PDSCH resource usage and downlink throughput increase.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.2.38 LBFD-070107 PDCCH Utilization Improvement Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature enables the eNodeB to allocate PDCCH resources more flexibly, reducing the probability of PDCCH resource allocation failure and improving the CCE usage.

Benefits This feature improves the CCE usage in a heavily loaded network, increasing the number of UEs that can be scheduled per TTI and increasing the system capacity.

Description As different PDCCH CCEs may overlap, there is a high probability of PDCCH resource allocation failure for UEs that are scheduled later, affecting the CCE usage. With this feature, if PDCCH resource allocation fails for a UE, the eNodeB allocates PDCCH resources for the UE again with a different aggregation level and power level while ensuring demodulation performance. In this manner, the PDCCH resource allocation success rate and the CCE usage increase.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1 Basic Features

1.3 Transmission & Security 1.3.1 LBFD-003001 Transmission Networking 1.3.1.1 LBFD-00300101 Star Topology Availability This feature is 








Summary Star topology is easy to implement and manage with high reliability. It provides simple topology between eNodeB interfaces.

Benefits 

The simplest topology



Simple management and high reliability

Description Figure 1-6 Star topology

The eNodeB supports star topology. eNodeBs connect to the core network by layer2 or layer3 data network. The interface between the eNodeB and core network element is the S1 interface. There are also connections between eNodeBs by the X2 interface, which enable information exchange between the eNodeBs

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1 Basic Features

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.3.1.2 LBFD-00300102 Chain Topology Availability This feature is 








Summary eNodeBs can be connected in chain topology applied to the strip-shape areas of sparse population.

Benefits Chain networking can reduce costs of transmission equipment, engineering, construction, and transmission link lease.

Description eNodeBs can be connected in chain topology. This network topology is applicable to the strip-shape areas of sparse population, such as expressways and railways. In these areas, the chain topology can meet the requirement with much less transmission equipment. However, chain networking reduces reliability because signals are transferred across many intermediate systems. The following figure shows the chain topology. Figure 1-7 Chain topology

Enhancement None

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1 Basic Features

Dependency None

1.3.1.3 LBFD-00300103 Tree Topology Availability This feature is 








Summary eNodeBs can be connected in tree topology applied to microwave transmission networks.

Benefits Tree networking is suitable for microwave transmission networks. Tree topology requires fewer transmission links than star networking.

Description The eNodeB can be connected in tree topology. In most scenarios, the MW (Microwave) network is typically in tree topology. It is suitable for the MW network. The use of transport lines is less than that for star networking. However, tree connections reduce reliability because signals are transferred across many intermediate systems. A fault occurring in the upper-level eNodeB may affect the operation of the lower-level eNodeBs. The networking topology is applicable to a large, sparsely populated area. Capacity expansion may result in reconstruction of the network. The following figure shows the tree topology.

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1 Basic Features

Figure 1-8 Tree topology

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB The UMPT card, which provides E1/T1 interfaces, is required.

1.3.2 LBFD-003002 Basic Qos Management 1.3.2.1 LBFD-00300201 DiffServ QoS Support Availability This feature is 








Summary Huawei supports DiffServ (Differentiated Services) to provide QoS guarantee by classifying and managing different traffic in the network.

Benefits This feature provides a kind of QoS guarantee mechanism. It is a standard mechanism used by Mainstream vendors.

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1 Basic Features

Description DiffServ can provide QoS in the network. It is a kind of QoS guarantee mechanism that classifies and manages different traffic with parameters of IP packets, such as DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) or TOS (Type of Service). There are three important concepts in the DiffServ mechanism, including Classification, Marking, and PHB (Per-Hop Behavior). The relationship between them is that Marking marks different traffic with different PHBs by Classification. The definition of PHB is as follows: 

Default PHB is typically for best-effort traffic.



Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB is for low-loss and low-latency traffic.



Assured Forwarding (AF) is a behavior group.



Class Selector PHB is defined to maintain backward compatibility with the IP Precedence field.

The classification of LTE traffic is based on QoS Class Indicators (QCIs). With Huawei configuration tool, users can configure the relationship between QCI and DSCP, i.e. the Marking way. The DSCP is used to describe the priority of PHB. The table below is an example of relationship between QCI and DSCP. Table 1-5 Relationship between QCI and DSCP Data Type

QCI

Resource Type

DSCP

User plane

1

GBR

0x2E

2

0x1A

3

0x22

4

0x1A

5

Control plane

Non-GBR

0x2E

6

0x12

7

0x12

8

0x0A

9

0

SCTP

0x2E 0x30

OM

MML

0x2E 0x30

FTP IP clock

0x0E 0x2E 0x30

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1 Basic Features

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.3.3 LBFD-003003 VLAN Support (IEEE 802.1p/q) Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature enables Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) functionality to provide traffic differentiation, manage data priority and security scheduling at the MAC layer.

Benefits 

Traffic isolation at the MAC layer



Priority at the MAC layer



Security at the MAC layer

Description The eNodeB supports the Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) functionality, complying with the IEEE 802.1p/q protocol. It provides traffic isolation, such as marking different VLANs for OAM data and traffic data, and priority and security at the MAC layer. The following two VLAN Marking ways are applicable: 

Marking VLAN tag according to DSCP



Marking VLAN tag according to the next-hop IP address

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1 Basic Features

1.3.4 LBFD-003004 Compression & Multiplexing over E1/T1 1.3.4.1 LBFD-00300401 IP Header Compression Availability This feature is 








Summary IP header compression provides a method to compress IP header information in order to increase the efficiency of E1/T1 interfaces.

Benefits IP header compression can save S1/X2 IP transport resource to provide higher transport efficiency of S1/X2 IP transmission.

Description This feature focuses on the compression technology in UDP/IP layer. When UDP/IP/MLPPP/E1/T1 is used for transport, the UDP/IP encapsulation is too large for packets of small payloads and results in low transport efficiency. IP header compression is adopted to enhance the transport efficiency. The 28 bytes of UDP/IP header can be compressed into 4-7 bytes.

Enhancement None

Dependency 




Transport network IP over E1/T1 is used for transport The peer equipment supported the IP header compression functionality.



CN The CN equipment supports the feature.

1.3.4.2 LBFD-00300402 PPP MUX Availability This feature is

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





1 Basic Features

Summary PPP MUX (Point-to-Point multiplex) provides a method to multiplex the IP header in order to increase the efficiency of E1/T1 interfaces.

Benefits PPP MUX can save S1/X2 IP transport resource to provide high transport efficiency for S1/X2 IP transmission.

Description This feature focuses on the multiplex technology in PPP/ML-PPP layer. When UDP/IP/ML-PPP/E1 is used for transport, the UDP/IP/ML-PPP encapsulation is too large for packets of small payloads and results in low transport efficiency. PPP MUX technology is adopted to enhance the transport efficiency. With PPP MUX mechanism, several IP packets can be multiplexed into one PPP frame to reduce the transport consumption of PPP.

Enhancement None

Dependency 




Transport network IP over E1/T1 is used for transport PPP or ML-PPP is used for transport The peer equipment supports PPP MUX function.




1.3.4.3 LBFD-00300403 ML-PPP/MC-PPP Availability This feature is 








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1 Basic Features

Summary ML-PPP/MC-PPP (Multilink and Multiclass Point-to-Point Protocol) is the extend protocols of PPP. ML-PPP is a protocol for binding several PPP links to one logic PPP link. The priority is provided for PPP link traffic via MC-PPP protocol.

Benefits 

Increase the bandwidth of the PPP link.



Load balancing in multi-PPP links



Enhance the reliability of the PPP link



Provide priorities for traffic on PPP link.



Transport efficiency is enhanced when PPP header compression is used.

Description PPP is a point-to-point transport protocol. The PPP header compression can be provided to enhance the transport efficiency. ML-PPP is an extend protocol of PPP. When ML-PPP is used, several PPP links are bound to one logic PPP link group. The ML-PPP increases the bandwidth of the PPP link and enhances the reliability of the PPP link between the eNodeB and the directly connected equipment. If one link of PPP link group is broken, the ML-PPP will not break. Only thing happen is the bandwidth decreases correspondingly. MC-PPP is an extend protocol of PPP. When MC-PPP is used, the traffic on the PPP links can be marked with different priorities according to DSCP which is mapped to QCI in eNodeB. The following figure shows the ML/MC-PPP Figure 1-9 ML-PPP/MC-PPP

Enhancement None

Dependency 




Issue 01 (2014-05-04)

Transport network


65


1 Basic Features

The peer transport equipment shall support ML-PPP/MC-PPP when ML-PPP/MC-PPP is used to transport. E1/T1 interfaces are used. 


1.3.5 LBFD-003005 Synchronization 1.3.5.1 LBFD-00300501 Clock Source Switching Manually or Automatically Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature enables manual or automatic switching between clock sources.

Benefits If unexpected events occur in the current clock sources, the system will not be affected.

Description The eNodeB can work in multiple clock synchronization modes. The system clock source can be chosen in a convenient and flexible manner. When one clock source fails, the system clock can be manually or automatically switched to another available one. 1.

For phase synchronization, the clock source can be manually or automatically switched. Following clock source supports manually switching: −

Synchronization with GPS

−

Synchronization with the clock over IP (IEEE 1588V2)

−

Synchronization with 1PPS + TOD

Following clock resource supports automatically switching:

2.

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)

−

Between GPS and IEEE 1588V2

−

Between GPS and 1PPS+TOD

For frequency synchronization, the clock source can be manually switched. Following clock source supports manually switching: −

Synchronization with Ethernet(ITU-T G.8261)

−

Synchronization with the clock over IP (IEEE 1588V2)

−

Synchronization with the clock over IP (Huawei proprietary solution)

−

Synchronization with GPS

−

Synchronization with the BITS

−

Synchronization with E1/T1 interface


66

eRAN7.0 eRAN7.0 LTE FDD Basic Feature Description −

1 Basic Features

Synchronization with 1PPS

In addition to the previous clock sources, the eNodeB can work with the local oscillator.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.3.5.2 LBFD-00300502 Free-running Mode Availability This feature is 








Summary The free-running mode is an alternative mode to the clock sources if all clocks fail.

Benefits When all clock sources are lost, this feature can keep the eNodeB in normal service for up to 90 days.

Description When all clock sources are lost, the eNodeB internal clock can work in the free-running mode to keep the eNodeB running. The enhanced stratum 3 Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator (OCXO) with a high accuracy works as the master clock of the eNodeB. The OCXO can keep the eNodeB in normal service for up to 90 days.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.3.5.3 LBFD-00300503 Synchronization with GPS Availability This feature is

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





1 Basic Features

Summary The eNodeB can work in multiple clock synchronization modes to suit different clock topologies. Global Positioning System (GPS) can be one of the synchronization sources.

Benefits This feature provides GPS as one of the synchronization sources. The eNodeB internal clock can be synchronized with the transport network and no auxiliary clock equipment is needed, in order to reduce the cost. The synchronized clock is of the required accuracy to meet both radio frequency and transmission network requirements.

Description In compliance with 3GPP, the eNodeB clock must have a higher clock precision. The frequency stability of the 10-MHz master clock of the eNodeB should be lower than ±0.05 ppm. It is required if a GPS clock is used as the clock source. The clock signals are processed and synchronized as follows: The GPS antenna and feeder system receives GPS signals at 1575.42 MHz, and transmits the signals to the GPS card. The system can simultaneously trace up to eight (normally three or four) satellites. The GPS card processes the signals and transmits them to the main clock module.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.3.5.4 LBFD-00300504 Synchronization with BITS Availability This feature is 








Summary The eNodeB can work in multiple clock synchronization modes to suit different clock topologies. Building Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS) can be one of the synchronization sources. Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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1 Basic Features

Benefits This feature provides BITS as one of the synchronization sources. The eNodeB internal clock can be synchronized with the transport network and no auxiliary clock equipment is needed, in order to reduce the cost. The synchronized clock is of the required accuracy to meet both radio frequency and transmission network requirements.

Description In compliance with 3GPP, the eNodeB clock must have a higher clock precision. The frequency stability of the 10-MHz master clock of the eNodeB should be lower than ±0.05 ppm. The eNodeB can synchronize its clocks with the 2-MHz clock signal from an external reference clock. The reference clock can be a BITS or a 2-MHz clock from the transmission equipment. Through phase locking and frequency dividing, the main clock module converts the clock signals into various clock signals required by the eNodeB.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB USCU(Universal Satellite Card and Clock Unit) card is required

1.3.5.5 LBFD-00300505 Synchronization with 1PPS Availability This feature is 








Summary The eNodeB can work in multiple clock synchronization modes to suit different clock topologies. 1PPS+TOD can be one of the synchronization sources.

Benefits This feature provides 1PPS+TOD as one of the synchronization sources. The eNodeB internal clock can be synchronized with the transport network and no auxiliary clock equipment is needed, in order to reduce the cost. The synchronized clock is of the required accuracy to meet both radio frequency and transmission network requirements.

Description In compliance with 3GPP, the eNodeB clock must have a higher clock precision. The frequency stability of the 10-MHz master clock of the eNodeB should be lower than ±0.05 ppm. Issue 01 (2014-05-04)


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1 Basic Features

This feature provides 1PPS+TOD as one of the synchronization sources.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB USCU(Universal Satellite Card and Clock Unit) card is required

1.3.5.6 LBFD-00300506 Synchronization with E1/T1 Availability This feature is 








Summary The eNodeB can work in multiple clock synchronization modes to suit different clock topologies. Synchronization with E1/T1 is one option.

Benefits This feature provides synchronization with E1/T1 option. The eNodeB internal clock can be synchronized with the transport network and no auxiliary clock equipment is needed, in order to reduce the cost. The synchronized clock is of the required accuracy to meet both radio frequency and transmission network requirements.

Description In compliance with 3GPP, the eNodeB clock must have a higher clock precision. The frequency stability of the 10-MHz master clock of the eNodeB should be lower than ±0.05 ppm. The clock source of the eNodeB can be synchronized with the E1/T1 line clock sources.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

eNodeB UMPT card is required.

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1 Basic Features

1.3.6 LBFD-003006 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Availability This feature is 








Summary A fundamental IPv4-to-IPv6 transition technology involves the presence of two Internet Protocol software implementations in an operating system, one for IPv4 and another for IPv6. This feature provides support for IPv6 protocol stack. It also enables IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stack work at the same time. Application level protocols (e.g. S1 and X2) over IPv6 are not supported by this feature.

Benefits The key to a successful IPv6 transition is compatibility with the large installed base of IPv4 hosts and routers. Maintaining compatibility with IPv4 while deploying IPv6 will streamline the task of transitioning the Internet to IPv6.

Description The most straightforward way for IPv6 nodes to remain compatible with IPv4-only nodes is by providing a complete IPv4 implementation. IPv6 nodes that provide complete IPv4 and IPv6 implementations are called "IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack nodes". IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack nodes have the ability to send and receive both IPv4 and IPv6 packets. They can directly interoperate with IPv4 nodes using IPv4 packets, and also directly interoperate with IPv6 nodes using IPv6 packets. Huawei eNodeB could be operated in one of the three modes: 

With IPv4 stack enabled and IPv6 stack disabled.



With IPv6 stack enabled and IPv4 stack disabled.



With both stacks enabled.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

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1 Basic Features

1.4 Operation & Maintenance 1.4.1 LBFD-004001 Local Maintenance of the LMT Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature is used in local maintenance of eNodeB.

Benefits Local maintenance of eNodeB is available when centralized U2000 management is not available, when the transmission between U2000 and eNodeB is not available or when faults occur and field operation is required.

Description The Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) provides the following functions and tools: 

Execution of MML commands



Querying of eNodeB alarms



Local eNodeB commissioning functions (applicable, for example, when the transmission between the Huawei iManager U2000 and eNodeB is not available), such as download and activation of software



Local eNodeB expert fault diagnosis functions



Real-time performance monitoring functions, such as sector performance monitoring, RRU performance monitoring, spectrum detection



In eRAN2.0

Enhancement The LMT functions can be achieved through a web browser.

Dependency 

OSS A web browser is required to achieve the function.

1.4.2 LBFD-004002 Centralized U2000 Management Availability This feature is

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





1 Basic Features

Summary The Huawei iManager U2000 provides FCPSS management functions for operators at the management center.

Benefits All LTE network elements can be managed at the management center, which effectively reduces OPEX.

Description The Huawei iManager U2000 provides all necessary fault management, configuration management, performance management, security management and software management (FCPSS defined by 3GPP) management functions to help operators to manage their network elements on a sub-network. FCPSS involves the following contents: 

Centralized fault management



Centralized configuration management



Centralized performance management



Centralized security management



Centralized software management

Enhancement None

Dependency 

OSS The Huawei iManager U2000 is required.

1.4.3 LBFD-004003 Security Socket Layer Availability This feature is 








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1 Basic Features

Summary Security Socket Layer (SSL) is a layer between the TCP layer and the O&M application layer. SSL provides the secured data transfer function between the eNodeB and the Huawei iManager U2000

Benefits All remote operation and maintenance tasks are performed through encrypted protocols.

Description Security Socket Layer (SSL) is a layer between the TCP layer and the O&M application layer. SSL provides the secured data transfer function between the eNodeB and the Huawei iManager U2000. All O&M application data transferred through SSL is encrypted. FTP over SSL is also supported.

Enhancement 

In eRAN3.0 This feature supports TLSv1.2. Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor-Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols that provide communications security between eNodeBs and Huawei iManager U2000 above Transport Layer. TLSv1.2 is the latest version of TLS series. And TLS1.2 supports stronger authentication algorithm SHA256.

Dependency 


1.4.4 LBFD-004004 Software Version Upgrade Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides efficient and correct installation and upgrade of the software and version management functions.

Benefits The eNodeB software management enables efficient and correct software installation, upgrade, and version management.

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1 Basic Features

Description The eNodeB software management covers the following functions: 

Efficient and correct installation and upgrade of the software



Automatic compatibility check on the software and hardware versions to verify a successful software installation and upgrade.



Automatic data conversion for the software upgrade, which requires no manual configuration updates.



Software download by configuration can reduce 30% of the software package size and shorten the download time. For adding a board, the system supports automatic download of software files for the board from the Huawei iManager U2000 if the files are not downloaded to eNodeB previously.



If the network recovers in 1 hour after breakdown, the system supports resumption of the software download with no need to download the software from scratch.



A maximum of 600 eNodeBs can be selected to download and activate the software in batches automatically.



Hot patch can be upgraded together with software in Huawei iManager U2000 software management wizard.



Version management, for example, the hardware and software version query

The process for upgrading software at a network element involves the following two activities: 

Downloading the software package from the Huawei iManager U2000 to the eNodeB. This may take some time because of the limited bandwidth of the OM link but does not have impacts on services.



Running the software activation command on the Huawei iManager U2000 client. The system will automatically load the software to the target boards and activate the software. To activate the software, the target boards will be reset and the service on the boards will be interrupted.

The above-mentioned two activities can be done separately. E.g. downloading software package to eNodeBs at daytime and activating the software at midnight. The separate software upgrade procedure helps to reduce the risk of software upgrade failures and service disruption of the sub-network.

Enhancement None

Dependency 


1.4.5 LBFD-004005 Hot Patch Management Availability This feature is 

Issue 01 (2014-05-04)



75






1 Basic Features

Summary This feature provides hot patch management functions, such as installation, uninstall and rollback.

Benefits The eNodeB supports the hot patches so that the software bugs can be fixed without interrupting the ongoing services.

Description A hot patch is a patch that is used to fix bugs and does not interrupt the ongoing services. Huawei LTE hot patch management involves the following functions: 

Hot patch installation.

There are two ways to install a released hot patch package on the eNodeB: 

Running only a single installation command: In this way, the patch is downloaded, loaded, activated and confirmed automatically.



Running different commands at separate steps of the patch installation: In this way, users have full control over the installation procedure: download, load, activate and confirm.



Rollback of the last installed hot patch



Uninstall of the hot patch

Enhancement None

Dependency 

OSS Hot patch management can be implemented on the Huawei iManager U2000 or the eNodeB LMT.

1.4.6 LBFD-004006 Fault Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides automatic fault supervision and handling of eNodeB.

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1 Basic Features

Benefits This feature enables the automatic fault supervision of the equipment in the network elements. With real-time alarm lists and alarm logs, operators can have a comprehensive view of the actual status of the network at any time.

Description Fault management involves fault detection, fault handling, fault correlation, and fault reporting. With these features, operators can be informed as soon as the fault occurs in the network and take proper actions to minimize or prevent service disruption. 

Fault detection

Fault detection includes physical layer and link layer environment monitoring and KPI alarm monitoring and other fault detection. A small portion of faults may have a negative impact on the traffic if self-testing, such as RAM self-testing and transport link loopback testing, is performed. Among those faults, some are detected automatically in the board startup phase, and some can be manually triggered by executing fault testing commands. Fault detection methods are carefully designed to avoid false alarms and intermittent alarms. 

Fault handling

The eNodeB will perform fault isolation and fault automatic recovery to minimize the impacts on service. 

Fault correlation

Fault management supports a run-time fault correlation handling mechanism and makes it possible to notify operators of the most important alarms (the root cause and impacts on the traffic) instead of all the related ones when a fault occurs. The number of alarms can be greatly reduced in this way, which makes it easier to locate and solve the network problems. This mechanism is predefined and embedded in the network elements, and operators can customize more alarm correlation handling rules on the Huawei iManager U2000. 

Fault reporting

Faults are reported to users in the form of alarms. Because of the alarm correlation function, the information of the correlation between alarms is contained in alarms. If any correlative alarms occur, operators can get the root alarm by simply right-clicking the service-affecting faults. The operators can browse real-time alarm information, query history alarm information, and store alarm information. The online help provides detailed troubleshooting methods for each type of alarm.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 Huawei LTE eRAN2.0 supports KPI alarm detection.



In eRAN2.2 When RRU power supply is AC, RRU could detect AC power down and provide warning signal to the eNodeB.

Dependency 

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Fault management can be implemented on the Huawei iManager U2000 or the eNodeB LMT.

1.4.7 LBFD-004007 Configuration Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides online and offline configuration functions which support quick installation, expansion and configuration of the network.

Benefits This feature provides a good overview of the current status of the network and supports fast installation, expansion and configuration of the network.

Description Configuration management provides operators with a means to collect and manage the data of the network element. The manageable element data covers the physical aspect (equipment) and logical/functional aspect (such as cells and links). The graphic user interface makes it easy to implement the management. To minimize the impact of reconfiguration on the system, Huawei configuration management function has the following important features: 

Physical modifications are independent of the related logical modifications.



All the required modifications to satisfy a defined task are completely checked to ensure their validity before the modifications can be applied to the eNodeB.



Configuration data consistency between the NE and the Huawei iManager U2000 are always ensured.

Both offline configuration and online configuration are supported. 

Offline configuration

CME (Configuration Management Express) is a graphic offline configuration tool. In addition to general configuration functions, it provides some configuration templates to ease site deployment jobs. It also provides some GUI wizards to help user to finish capacity expansion and migration jobs. 

Online configuration

All configuration data can be modified and queried online through MML commands.

Enhancement 

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GUI wizards are added to help users with capacity expansion and migration jobs.

Dependency 

OSS Configuration management can be implemented on the Huawei iManager U2000 or the LMT.

1.4.8 LBFD-004008 Performance Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides various performance measurement (PM) counters to monitor the performance of the eNodeB. The real-time KPI monitoring is an enhanced feature to help user locate performance problems quickly.

Benefits The performance management function provides an efficient way to monitor the network performance so that network troubleshooting and optimization can be implemented, and the real-time KPI monitoring is a more efficient feature.

Description Performance measurement gives the detailed information of the network. Such information facilitates troubleshooting and network optimization. 

PM administration

The performance measurement administration provides operators with a means to manage the available measurements. For the new commissioning network elements (eNodeB), the predefined performance measurements will start after initial startup phase. The performance measurements can be suspended and resumed manually. The network elements (eNodeB) provide machine-machine interfaces, allowing the Huawei iManager U2000 to collect the necessary statistics and to set the related parameters including statistical counters and the measurement period. The statistics are obtained by the Huawei iManager U2000 in binary format in every measurement period. Each eNodeB can store a maximum of 288 files as backups that are useful when data transfer fails, which makes it possible for the Huawei iManager U2000 to recollect the lost data later. − If the measurement period is 15 minutes, an eNodeB can store measurement results sampled in a maximum period of 72 hours.

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− If the measurement period is 60 minutes, an eNodeB can store measurement results sampled in a maximum period of 288 hours. 

PM counters

The PM counters include key counters and other counters. The key counters are used to generate the key performance indicators (KPIs) of the network, which are defined on the Huawei iManager U2000, and these counters are predefined and initialized as soon as the eNodeB starts. The KPIs, related original counters and formulas can be added, modified and deleted on the Huawei iManager U2000. Other counters reflecting the other aspects of network performance can be started when needed. 

Real-time KPI monitoring

This feature provides the monitoring of KPIs and graphical representation of network performance. Therefore, it is convenient for troubleshooting, drive tests and network optimization. The real-time KPI measurement period of each monitoring task can vary, but must be a multiple of 30 seconds within the range of 30 seconds to 15 minutes. By default, eNodeBs of eRAN2.2 and later releases use a monitoring period of 1 minute.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

OSS Performance management is implemented on the Huawei iManager U2000 or LMT.

1.4.9 LBFD-004009 Real-time Monitoring of System Running Information Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides the function of monitoring the running information of the equipment, RF system, cells, subscribers and transport links.

Benefits This feature is convenient for troubleshooting, drive tests and network optimization.

Description This feature provides real-time monitoring and graphical representation of system operation information and quality. It is a test facility which helps operators to diagnose faults through precise information about cells, subscribers and links..

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The following monitoring items are supported: 

Equipment running information monitoring: involving clock source quality



Subscriber-level running information monitoring: involving SIR measurement and UE TX power



Cell-level running information monitoring: involving the number of cell users, throughput, and resource block usage



Transport link running information monitoring: involving SCTP links and IP paths



RF monitoring: involving RF performance and RF interference detection

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.4.10 LBFD-004010 Security Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides the user authorization, system data backup and restore, security log auditing and security-related alarms functions.

Benefits This feature provides the user authorization and management mechanism to enhance network security.

Description Security management covers the following functions to enhance system security: 

User management: This mechanism allows setting of user accounts and permissions, so that the related authorized groups and operators can be managed.



System data backup and restoration



Collection of operation logs and auditing of security logs



Triggering of alarms when, for example, network attacks are detected or the number of unauthorized sessions exceeds the preset threshold



In eRAN2.0

Enhancement

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Security alarms are added.

Dependency 


1.4.11 LBFD-004011 Optimized eNodeB Commissioning Solution Availability This feature is 








Summary The optimized eNodeB commissioning solution supports USB commissioning and automatic obtaining of software and configuration data from the Huawei iManager U2000.

Benefits This feature simplifies the eNodeB commissioning procedure.

Description This feature simplifies the on-site commissioning procedure from the following aspects: 

If eNodeB data is ready on the Huawei iManager U2000 and transmission of this eNodeB is ready, Huawei on-site manual commissioning task is very simple:



Installing the hardware and powering on the eNodeB



Waiting for the eNodeB startup



If field engineer has a laptop, the engineer can use laptop to input DID (Deployment ID). iManager U2000 can use this information to automatically select a correct configuration data.



Or , field engineer can call the administration center and report the Electronic Serial Number (ESN) of the eNodeB



In the procedure, the newly installed equipment will automatically set up the connection with the Huawei iManager U2000 by using DHCP, download software and data from the Huawei iManager U2000, and install the software.



USB commissioning is supported. The associated software and data of the eNodeB can be copied to a USB disk at the administration center. A local commissioning engineer only needs to obtain the USB disk, install the hardware, and connect the USB disk to the USB port on the eNodeB. After that, the eNodeB can automatically install the software and load data, start up, and set up the connection to the Huawei iManager U2000. No more local configuration is required.

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Dependency 

OSS U2000 or an USB for USB commissioning is required.

1.4.12 LBFD-004012 Environment Monitoring Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature provides environment fault alarming and customized environment alarms functions.

Benefits This feature enables centralized environment monitoring of Huawei eNodeB equipment.

Description This feature enables centralized environment monitoring of Huawei eNodeB equipment in terms of, for example, the temperature, humidity, smoke, water immersion, access control, and power supply. Besides, Huawei equipment can be connected to third-party analog and digital sensors, which enable operators to customize environment alarms.

Enhancement None

Dependency 

OSS The Huawei iManager U2000 or LMT is required.

1.4.13 LBFD-004013 Inventory Management Availability This feature is 








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Summary The Huawei iManager U2000 retrieves inventory information automatically from the eNodeB after commissioning and synchronize the information on the eNodeB every day.

Benefits With this function, operators can obtain the timely and accurate inventory data of the existing network for decision making.

Description Inventory management helps operators to manage the asset information of the network. With this function, the assets can be queried and managed on the Huawei iManager U2000. The objects which are managed by this function include physical objects (such as racks, frames, slots, boards, ports, and fans) and logical objects (such as software and patches). When requested from the Huawei iManager U2000, an asset information file in .xml format is generated and is sent to the Huawei iManager U2000. The Huawei iManager U2000 stores the uploaded information in the network inventory database. The Huawei iManager U2000 retrieves inventory information automatically from the eNodeB after commissioning and synchronize the information on the eNodeB every day.

Enhancement 

In eRAN2.0 The Huawei iManager U2000 retrieves inventory information automatically from the eNodeB after commissioning. Inventory change notification function has been added to eNodeB. When inventory changes in eNodeB, a notification will be sent from eNodeB to U2000(Micro eNodeB will not send this notification), so that the inventory information could be synchronized quickly between U2000 and eNodeB.

Dependency 


1.4.14 LBFD-004014 License Management Availability This feature is 








Summary This feature involves the eNodeB license control.

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Benefits With this feature, the operators can purchase the license based on the network development, thus reducing the initial cost of the network deployment.

Description The license file is used to determine whether the optional features are available and how many optional features are available. The license file can be downloaded remotely to the eNodeB. The operators can manage and query the contents in the license file through the LMT or the U2000 client. The license file is stored in the eNodeB. Figure 1-10 License file management

New or upgraded license files can be ordered from Huawei.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.4.15 LBFD-004015 License Control for Urgency Availability This feature is 








Summary With this feature, the license limitation is withdrawn in emergencies, so the operator can handle the sudden increase of network capacity.

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Benefits This feature helps operator to face the situations where there is an unusual increase of traffic (p N Y …) by b g mp y RAN g permanent over-dimensioning and thus adapting the capacity costs to the real usage.

Description The license limitation is withdrawn through manual execution of the MML commands on the LMT or U2000. Thus, the equipment can be used effectively to optimum capacity. For each R version, the operation personnel have three chances to withdraw the license limitation through the MML commands. The operation takes effect immediately after the commands are executed. The validity period is seven days. When the three chances are used up, a new chance can be obtained only through the software upgrade.

Enhancement None

Dependency None

1.4.16 LBFD-070104 Site Transmission Equipment Fault Detection Availability This feature is 




not applicable to Macro




Summary A small-cell base station and the transmission equipment in direct connection can be bound together by means of NE self-discovery reports. Transmission Equipment Fault Detection enables users to query information on the iManager U2000 MBB about the transmission equipment that is bound to the small-cell base station, including equipment type and MAC address. This facilitates troubleshooting if the small-cell base station goes out of service or becomes disconnected. Based on the information queried on the iManager U2000 MBB, users can easily detect and locate faults on the transmission equipment by using the special network management system.

Benefits This feature facilitates fault location. When a small-cell base station goes out of service or becomes disconnected, this feature enables fault detection on the last-mile transmission equipment, thereby improving troubleshooting efficiency.

Description 

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Process for a small-cell base station to obtain the peer equipment information Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is a layer 2 protocol and is independent of vendors. Network equipment uses this protocol to claim the equipment identity and performance in the local subnet. Layer 2 Discovery provides the following information: - Network equipment and its ports - Network equipment that is connected on the ports - Topologies between a small-cell base station and the transmission equipment in direct connection The following figure shows the process for a small-cell base station to discover a piece of peer equipment.

Users enable LLDP between Small cell and Peer network element. The procedure for discovering the topology between Small cell and Peer NE over LLDP is as follows: 1.

Small cell sends Peer NE the LLDP packets containing local information (including system name, description, port number, and MAC address).

2.

Peer NE analyzes the LLDP packets and stores the analysis result into its database. This analysis result is used as neighbor information that will be accessed when the iManager U2000 MBB obtains network topology information.

3.

Similarly, Peer NE sends Small cell the LLDP packets containing local information. Small cell analyzes the LLDP packets and stores the analysis result into its database.

4.

The iManager U2000 MBB queries LLDP-related information about Small cell to obtain local information and neighbor information about Small cell and Peer NE. Finally, the iManager U2000 MBB learns about the topology of the entire network..



Process for users to query information about the peer equipment of a small-cell base station

When the transmission equipment is enabled with the LLDP function, users can select a small-cell base station and activate LLDP and query peer NE information for the small-cell base station. When users manually query peer NE information, the small-cell base station and peer NE information is displayed in a table. The table contains the fields Local NE, Local Port, Peer NE Type, Peer Port, Peer MAC Address, and Peer OM IP. Peer NE Type and Peer MAC Address are mandatory in the table.

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The following figure shows the table that contains the small-cell base station and peer NE information.

The following flowchart shows the troubleshooting procedure for a small-cell base station.

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The troubleshooting procedure for a small-cell base station is as follows: The fault locating process is as follows: Step 1 On the iManager U2000 MBB, select the base station that requires fault locating. Step 2 Right-click the base station and choose Query the Peer Information from the shortcut menu to query transmission equipment information. Step 3 Detect the transmission equipment on the iManager U2000 FBB and check whether the OMCH of the transmission equipment is running properly. 

If so, go to Step 4.



If not, the bearer network of the base station is faulty. Fault locating ends.

Step 4 Right-click the transmission equipment and choose Continuity Check from the shortcut menu to locate the fault. 

The transmission equipment is faulty. Fault locating ends.



If the transmission equipment is running properly, the base station is faulty. Fault locating

Enhancement None

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Dependency None

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2

2 Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Table 2-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations 3GPP

Third Generation Partnership Project

ABS

Almost-blank subframe

ACK

acknowledgment

ACL

Access Control List

AES

Advanced Encryption Standard

AFC

Automatic Frequency Control

AH

Authentication Header

AMBR

Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate

AMC

Adaptive Modulation and Coding

AMR

Adaptive Multi-Rate

ANR

Automatic Neighboring Relation

ARP

Allocation/Retention Priority

ARQ

Automatic Repeat Request

BCH

Broadcast Channel

BCCH

Broadcast Control Channel

BITS

Building Integrated Timing Supply System

BLER

Block Error Rate

CA

Carrier aggregation

C/I

Carrier-to-Interference Power Ratio

CCCH

Common Control Channel

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CDMA

Code Division Multiple Access

CEU

Cell Edge Users

CGI

Cell Global Identification

CP

Cyclic Prefix

CPICH

Common Pilot Channel

CQI

Channel Quality Indicator

CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check

CRS

Cell-specific reference signal

CSI-RS

Channel state information reference signal

DCCH

Dedicated Control Channel

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DiffServ

Differentiated Services

DL-SCH

Downlink Shared Channel

DRB

Data Radio Bearer

DRX

Discontinuous Reception

DSCP

DiffServ Code Point

DTCH

Dedicated Traffic Channel

ECM

EPS Control Management

eCSFB

Enhanced CS Fallback

EDF

Early Deadline First

EF

Expedited Forwarding

eHRPD

Evolved high rate packet data

eICIC

Enhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination

eMBMS

evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multimedia System

EMM

EPS Mobility Management

EMS

Element Management System

eNodeB

evolved NodeB

EPC

Evolved Packet Core

EPS

Evolved Packet System

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ESP

Encapsulation Security Payload

ETWS

Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System

E-UTRA

Evolved –Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

FCPSS

Fault, Configuration, Performance, Security and Software Managements

FDD

Frequency Division Duplex

FEC

Forward Error Correction

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

GBR

Guaranteed Bit Rate

GERAN

GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network

GPS

Global Positioning System

HARQ

Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request

HII

High Interference Indicator

HMAC

Hash Message Authentication Code

HMAC_MD5

HMAC Message Digest 5

HMAC_SHA

HMAC Secure Hash Algorithm

HO

Handover

HRPD

High Rate Packet Data

ICIC

Inter-cell Interference Coordination

IKEV

Internet Key Exchange Version

IMS

IP Multimedia Service

IP PM

IP Performance Monitoring

IPsec

IP Security

IRC

Interference Rejection Combining

KPI

Key Performance Indicator

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CME

Configuration Management Express

LMT

Local Maintenance Terminal

MAC

Medium Admission Control

MIB

Master Information Block

MCH

Multicast Channel

MCCH

Multicast Control Channel

MCS

Modulation and Coding Scheme

MIMO

Multiple Input Multiple Output

min_GBR

Minimum Guaranteed Bit Rate

MME

Mobility Management Entity

MML

Man-Machine Language

MOS

Mean Opinion Score

MRC

Maximum-Ratio Combining

MTCH

Multicast Traffic Channel

MU-MIMO

Multiple User-MIMO

NACC

Network Assisted Cell Changed

NACK

Non acknowledgment

NAS

Non-Access Stratum

NRT

Neighboring Relation Table

OCXO

Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator

OFDM

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

OFDMA

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access

OI

Overload Indicator

OMC

Operation and Maintenance Center

OOK

On-Off-Keying

PBCH

Physical Broadcast Channel

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PCCH

Paging Control Channel

PCFICH

Physical Control Format Indicator Channel

PCH

Paging Channel

PCI

Physical Cell Identity

PDB

Packet Delay Budget

PDCCH

Physical Downlink Control Channel

PDCP

Packet Data Convergence Protocol

PDH

Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PDSCH

Physical Downlink Shared Channel

PF

Proportional Fair

PHB

Per-Hop Behavior

PHICH

Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel

PM

Performance Measurement

PLMN

Public Land Mobile Network

PMCH

Physical Multicast Channel

PRACH

Physical Random Access Channel

PUCCH

Physical Uplink Control Channel

PUSCH

Physical Uplink Shared Channel

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QCI

QoS Class Identifier

QoS

Quality of Service

QPSK

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

RA

Random Access

RACH

Random Access Channel

RAM

Random Access Memory

RAT

Radio Access Technology

RB

Resource Block

RCU

Radio Control Unit

RET

Remote Electrical Tilt

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RF

Radio Frequency

RLC

Radio Link Control

RRC

Radio Resource Control

RRM

Radio Resource Management

RRU

Remote Radio Unit

RS

Reference Signal

RSRP

Reference Signal Received Power

RSRQ

Reference Signal Received Quality

RSSI

Received Signal Strength Indicator

RTT

Round Trip Time

RV

Redundancy Version

Rx

Receive

S1

interface between EPC and E-UTRAN

SBT

Smart Bias Tee

SC-FDMA

Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access

SCTP

Stream Control Transmission Protocol

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SFBC

Space Frequency Block Coding

SFP

Small Form – factor Pluggable

SGW

Serving Gateway

SIB

System Information Block

SID

Silence Indicator

SINR

Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio

SRB

Signaling Radio Bearer

SRS

Sounding Reference Signal

SSL

Security Socket Layer

STBC

Space Time Block Coding

STMA

Smart TMA

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TAC

Transport Admission Control

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TDD

Time Division Duplex

TMA

Tower Mounted Amplifier

TMF

Traced Message Files

ToS

Type of Service

TTI

Transmission Time Interval

Tx

Transmission

UE

User Equipment

UL-SCH

Uplink Shared Channel

USB

Universal Serial Bus

U2000

Huawei OMC

VLAN

Virtual Local Area Network

VoIP

Voice over IP

WRR

Weighted Round Robin

X2

interface among eNodeBs

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eRAN7.0 LTE FDD Basic Feature Description 01 20140915.pdf

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