Ensayos Que Se Utilizan Para Hallar La Capacidad Portante de Los Suelos

MECANICA DE SUELOS II ENSAYOS QUE SE UTILIZAN PARA HALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS ING. HUBERT COAYLA TICONA TEC. RAÚL ARMANDO MAMANI QUISPE VI

ENSAYOS QUE SE UTILIZAN PARA HALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS | MECANICA DE SUELOS II

ENSA$OS QUE SE UTILI%AN PARA &ALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS

1.

EL ENSAYO DE PENETRA TRACIÓN IÓN ESTÁNDA NDAR A. B.

INTRODUCCIÓN INTRODUCCIÓN ENSAYO DE DE PE PENETRACIÓN IÓN ES ESTÁNDAR

2.

EL ENSAYO DE CARGA DE PLACA

3.

EL ENSAYO DE CORTE DIRECTO ECUACIÓN DE FALLA DE CORTE DE COULOMB


ENSA$OS QUE SE UTILI%AN PARA &ALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS

Básic!"#$" #"c"si$!%s s&"' s(s c'c$"')s$ics *"+ s("+% , "s% s" c%!i"#- *"s*" + i#s"cci/# %c(+' 0s$ "#s,%s c%# !á1(i#s !(, "s"ci+"s 1(" $" ("*"# &'i#*' &'i#*' '"s(+$*%s c%# c%# !(, %c% "''%'2 "''%'2 "#$'" "++%s %*"!%s %*"!%s *"s$c'3

P' !("s$'s +$"'*s +$"'*s " i#+$"'*s3

E#s,%s ' c'c$"'i-' s("+%s3

       

G'#(+%!"$') L)!i$"s *" c%#sis$"#ci H(!"** #$('+ C+si4icci/# *" s("+%s P"s%s "s"c)4ic%s P%'%si** G'*% *" s$('ci/# R"+ci/# *" 5c)%s

E#s,%s "s"ci+"s      

T'i6i+"s C%'$"s *i'"c$%s C%#s%+i*ci/# P"s%s (#i$'i%s D"#si** i# si$( E#s,% *" + P+c

R"s(+$*%s   

Cci** *" s%%'$" *!isi&+" M/*(+% *" '"cci/# 7 As"#$!i"#$% "# "# s("+% S

8. EL ENSA$O DE PENETRACI'N EST(NDAR Es (# 0"''!i"#$ 9$i+ , 'ác$ic ' *"$"'!i#' + cci** *" s%%'$" *"+ s("+% s("+%.. L cci cci** ** *" s%%'$ s%%'$" " "s ($i+i($i+i-* * "# "+ *i!"# *i!"#si% si%# #!i" !i"#$% #$% *" +%s +%s ci!i"#$%s *" (# "s$'(c$('. A*"!ás *" %&$"#"' + cci** *" s%%'$"2 "+ "#s,% "'!i$" %&$"#"' !("s$'s *" s("+%s ' + '"+i-ci/# *" %$'%s "#s,%s 1(" "'!i$"# c(#$i4ic' + '%i"** )#*ic" , *" '"sis$"#ci *" (# s("+%. E# + ":"c( ":"c(ci/ ci/# # *"+ "#s,% "#s,% "6is$" "6is$"# # (# #9!"'% #9!"'% *" 4c$%' 4c$%'"s "s 1(" 1(" 4"c$ 4"c$# # +%s '"s(+$*%s 1(" ("*"# %&$"#"'s"; c%#%c"' , 0c"' <#4sis "# "s$s 5'i&+"s , "# ENSAYOS QUE SE UTILIZAN PARA HALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS | MECANICA DE SUELOS II

%$'s %$'s +i!i$ci% +i!i$ci%#"s #"s ,(*'á ,(*'á "# + i#$"''" i#$"''"$ci/ $ci/# # c%''"c$ c%''"c$ *" +%s '"s(+$*% '"s(+$*%ss *"+ "#s,%. A(#1(" s" *"#%!i# ="s$á#*'>2 "+ "#s,% $i"#" !(c0s 5'i#$"s , 4("#$"s *" *i4"'"#cis2 "# "s"ci+ + "#"'?) 1(" ++"? + $%! !("s$'s + c(+ *""#*" *"+ "1(i% "!+"*%2 %' +% 1(" s" "s #"c"s'i% +ic' 4c$%'"s *" c%''"cci/# ' "6'"s' +%s '"s(+$*%s "# 4(#ci/# *" + "#"'?) "#$'"?*.

A. INTRODUCCIÓN E+ "#s,% *" "#"$'ci/# "s$á#*' ' + *"$"'!i#ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" *!isi&+" *"+ s("+%. S" 0c" (# #á+isis c$(+i-*% c$(+i-*% *" +%s (#$%s !ás i!% i!%'$ '$# #$" $"ss s%c s%ci i*% *%ss + "#s "#s,% ,% *" "#" "#"$' $'c ci/ i/# # "s$á "s$á#* #*' '22 (s%s (s%s , s( +ic&i+i** "# "+ *i!"#si%#!i"#$% *" ci!"#$ci%#"s.

B. ENSAY ENSAYO O DE PENETRAC PENETRACIÓN IÓN ESTÁNDA ESTÁNDAR R D"&i*%  s( s"#ci++"- *" ":"c(ci/# "+ !<$%*% *" "#"$'ci/# "s$á#*' SPT @S$#*'* P"#"$'$i%# T"s$ T"s$ "s "+ !ás "c%#/!ic% , (s*% "# + "6+%'ci/# "6+%'ci/# *" s("+%s. E+ !<$%*% 0 si*% "s$#*'i-*% *"s*" 82 c%# 5'is '"5isi%#"s @ASTM D8 , c%#sis$" "# 0i#c' (# $%! !("s$'s '$i*% *" 8 i# @2 ! *" +'?% c%+%c*% + "6$'"!% *" (# 5'i++ A2 %' !"*i% *" (# "s% @!'$i++% *" 8 +& @2 J? 1(" s" *": c"' +i&'"!"#$" *"s*" (# +$(' *"  i# @2K !2 #%$#*% +%s ?%+"s #"c"s'i%s ' "#"$'' c*  i# @28 !. E+ 5+%' #%'!+i-*% *" "#"$'ci/# # "s ' 8 i# @2 !2 s" "6'"s "# ?%+"si" , "s + s(! *" +%s *%s 9+$i!%s 5+%'"s '"?is$'*%s. E+ "#s,% s" *ic" 1(" !("s$' ='"c0-%> si3 @ N "s !,%' *"  ?%+"s i#2 @& N "s i?(+  8 ?%+"si" % @c N% 0, 5#c" +("?% *" 8 ?%+"s.

A(#1(" s" *"#%!i# ="s$á#*'>2 "+ "#s,% $i"#" !(c0s 5'i#$"s , 4("#$"s *" *i4"'"#ci2 "# "s"ci+  + "#"'?) 1(" ++"? + $%! !("s$'s2 "#$'" +s c(+"s s%&'"s+"#3 8 E1(i%s '%*(ci*%s %' *i4"'"#$"s 4&'ic#$"s  Di4"'"#$"s c%#4i?('ci%#"s *"+ !'$i++% *" 0i#c2 *" +s c(+"s s%# +s !ás c%!(#"s "+ !'$i++% #(+' , "+ !'$i++% *" s"?('i**.  E+ c%#$'%+ *" + +$(' *" c)* (*i"#*% '"+i-'s" !#(+!"#$" % c%# !+c$" , s%?.  Si 0, % #% '"5"s$i!i"#$% i#$"'#% "# "+ $%! !("s$'s.  L +%#?i$(* *" + &'' "#$'" + c&"- *" ?%+"% , "+ $%! !("s$'s2  E+ *iá!"$'% *" "'4%'ci/#2 K L '"si/# *" c%#4i#!i"#$% "4"c$i5 s%&'" "+ $%! !("s$'s "# "+ (#$% *" "#s,%.

L%s L%s ci!i ci!i"# "#$% $%ss s(" s("'4 '4ic ici i+" +"ss *"&" *"&"# # s"' s"' *is" *is" *% *%ss ' ' 1(" 1(" +s +s c'? c'?s s $'# $'#s! s!i$i$i* i*s s + s("+ s("+% % #% c(s c(s"# "# 4++ 4++s s *" c cci ci* ** * *" s%% s%%'$ '$"2 "2 #i ENSAYOS QUE SE UTILIZAN PARA HALLAR LA CAPACIDAD PORTANTE DE LOS SUELOS | MECANICA DE SUELOS II

s"#$!i"#$%s "6c"si5%s 1(" %csi%#"# *%s  + "s$'(c$(' s%%'$*. E+ !<$%*% !ás c%#4i&+" ' %&$"#"' + cci** *" s%%'$" *" (# s("+% "s "+ '"+i-' (# '("& *" c'?. L '("& *" +c % "#s,% *" c'? *" +c "s (# '("& *" c!% ($i+i-* ' + "s$i!ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i! , "+ s"#$!i"#$% *" s("+%s. E# #("s$'% !"*i%2 + '("& *" c!% !ás ($i+i-* ' "s$i!' + cci** *" s%%'$" *" (# s("+% "s !"*i !"*i#$" #$" "+ E#s,% E#s,% *" P"#"$' P"#"$'ci ci/# /# Es$á# Es$á#*' *' 1(" 1(" '"s(+$ '"s(+$  s"' *"!si *"!si*% *% c%#s"'5*%'. E+ R"?+!"#$% Es$'(c$('+ *" P#!á REP i#*ic 1(" + cci** *" s%%'$" s" c+c(+'á ($i+i-#*% + "c(ci/# *" M","'0%4 ' + cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i!. Es$" 9+$i!% !<$%*% '"1(i"'" *" "#s,%s *" +&%'$%'i% ' *"$"'!i#' +%s 'á!"$'%s *" '"sis$"#ci *"+ s("+%. S" 0c" (# #á+isis c%!'$i5% *" +s cci**"s *" s%%'$" *" (# '"++"#% *" s("+% '"#%s%2 @'"# 'ci++%s c%# ?'5 %&$"#i*s ($i+i-#*% + '("& *" +c2 + '("& *" "#"$'ci/# "s$á#*' , + "c(ci/# *" cci** *" s%%'$" *" M","'0%4. Es$ '"# 'ci++%s c%# ?'52 %&:"$% *" "s$" "s$(*i%2 %s"" $#$% c'c$"')s$ics 4'icci%##$"s c%!% c%0"si5s !(, c%!(#"s *" #("s$'%s s("+%s. L !,%') *" +%s "s$(*i%s *" s("+%s '"s"#$# "s$i!ci%#"s *" + cci** *" s%% s%%'$ '$" " *" (# s("+ s("+% % &s &s*% *% "# +%s +%s '"s( '"s(+$+$* *%s %s *" +%s +%s "#s "#s,% ,%ss *" "#"$'ci/# "s$á#*' @#9!"'% *" ?%+"s c!. Es$ "s$i!ci/# ($i+i- (# "c(ci/# "!)'ic *"'i5* ' s("+%s '"#%s%s #% c%0"si5%s c%# (# #i5"+ 4'"á$ic% '%4(#*% , (# s"#$!i"#$% *!isi&+" *" 2 !!. Si"#*% "s$% s)2 #% $i"#" i#4+("#ci "+ $!% % *i!"#si%#"s *"+ ci!i"#$%. Es$ !"$%*%+%?) '"s(+$ s"' 'ác$ic "'% !(, c%#s"'5*%' "# + "s$i!ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" *!isi&+". E+ R"?+!"#$% Es$'(c$('+ *" P#!á REP i#*ic 1(" + cci** *" s%%'$" *"&"'á c+c(+'s" ($i+i-#*% + "c(ci/# *" M","'0%4 ' cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i!. P' 0c"' "s$% s" *"&"# c%#%c"' +s !?#i$(*"s *" +s c'?s i#5%+(c'*s2 +s *i!"#si%#"s *" +%s ci!i"#$%s , +s c'c$"')s$ics )#*ic"s , *" '"sis$"#ci *"+ s("+%. D" "s$ !#"' s" +%?' (# !":%' "s$i!ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" 4(#*!"#$* "# (# #á+isis $"/'ic%'ác$ic%. $"/'ic%'ác$ic%. E+ !<$%*% !ás c%#4i&+" ' %&$"#"' + cci** *" s%%'$" *" (# s("+% "s "+ '"+i-' (# '("& *" c'?. L '("& *" +c % "#s,% *" c'? *" +c "s (# '("& *" c!% ($i+i-* ' + "s$i!ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i! , "+ s"#$!i"#$% *" s("+%s. E+ '"s"# '"s"#$" $" '$)c( '$)c(+% +% $i"#" $i"#" c%!% c%!% %&:"$i %&:"$i5% 5% #+i#+i-' ' c%!' c%!'$i $i5! 5!"#$ "#$" " +s cci**"s *" s%%'$" *!isi&+" *" (# '"++"#% *" s("+% '"#%s% @'"# 'ci++%s %&$"#i*s ($i+i-#*% + '("& *" +c2 + '("& *" "#"$'ci/# "s$á#*' , + "c(ci/# *" cci** *" s%%'$" *" M","'0%4. Es$ '"# 'ci++%s2 %&:"$% *" "s$" "s$(*i%2 %s"" $#$% c'c$"')s$ics 4'icci%##$"s c%!% c%0"si5s !(, c%!(#"s *" #("s$'%s s("+%s #$('+"s.

2)

Es (# "#s,% *" c!% ' + *"$"'!i#ci/# *" + cci** *" s%%'$" , s"#$!i"#$% *" (# s("+%. P' + ":"c(ci/# *" + '("& *"&" "6c5's" (# c+ic$ 0s$ "+ #i5"+ *" *"s+#$" *"+ ci!i"#$%. U# +c *" c'? *" 2 c! @8 i# *" "s"s%' c%!% !)#i!% , 2 c! @8 i#  K2 c! @ i# *" *iá!"$'% "s ($i+i-* ' $'#s!i$i' + c'? + s("+%. L c'? "s ?"#"'* %' (# ?$% 0i*'á(+ic% %,*% "# s( '$" i#4"'i%' s%&'" + +c *" c'? , "# + s("'i%' 


(# &'' i#!%5i+i-*. E+ '%c"*i!i"#$% *" "#s,% "s$á "s$#*'i-*% "# "+ !<$%*% ASTM D88. L '("& c%#sis$" "# +ic' c%# "+ ?$% 0i*'á(+ic% (# c'? '"5i!"#$" *"4i#i*2 %csi%##*% "# "+ s("+% (# s"#$!i"#$%. C(#*% "+ s"#$!i"#$% c"s s" +ic %$'% i#c'"!"#$% *" c'?2 '"i$i<#*%s" "+ '%c"s% 0s$ +c#-' (# s"#$!i"#$% !á6i!% "'!isi&+" *"+ s("+%2 S!á62 0s$ 1(" s" %&s"'5" + 4++ "# "+ s("+% % 0s$ +c#-' + cci** !á6i! *"+ ?$% 0i*'á(+ic%. L%s 5+%'"s *" i#c'"!"#$% *" c'? s%# !"*i*%s %' (# !#/!"$'% c%#"c$*% c%#"c$*% + ?$% 0i*'á(+i 0i*'á(+ic% c% , +%s s"#$!i s"#$!i"#$% "#$%ss %' *"4%'!)!" *"4%'!)!"$'%s $'%s (&ic*%s (&ic*%s s%&'" + +c *" c'?. E+ '"s(+$*% "s (# c('5 c'?s"#$!i"#$%. E+ '%c"*i!i"#$% ASTM D88 c%#si*"' c%!% cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i! ' + +c *" c'?2 c'?2 1(+$ @+c2 @+c2 + c'? c%''"s%# c%''"s%#*i"# *i"#$" $"  (# s"#$!i"#$% s"#$!i"#$% *"+ 8 *"+ *iá!"$'% *" + +c. L Ec(ci/#  "'!i$" *"$"'!i#' + cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i! ' s("+%s '"#%s%s. L cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i!2 1(+$2 s" c+c(+  '$i' *" + cci** *" s%%'$" 9+$i! *"+ "#s,% *" c'? *" +c2 1(+$ @+c.


E# s( +#$"!i"#$%2 T"'-?0i2 ++"?  + '%("s$ *" (# "c(ci/# ' %&$"#"' + Cci** *" C'? U+$i! @ + 1(" ++!3 +'?*3

2 ' (# -$


Y ' "+ cs% *" "!+"'s" (# -$ c(*'*2 '%%#"3

C%!% "s s&i*% +%s 5+%'"s

T"'-?0i T"'-?0i +%s "s$&+"c" "# 4(#ci/#

*" D" +s #$"'i #$"'i%'" %'"ss "c(ci "c(ci%# %#"s2 "s2 ("*"# ("*"# *"s'" *"s'"#*" #*"'s" 's" c+'! c+'!"#$ "#$" " +?(# +?(#s s %&s"' %&s"'5c 5ci% i%#"s #"s i#$"' i#$"'"s "s#$" #$"s2 s2 +s c(+" c(+"ss %*"!% %*"!%ss si#$"$ si#$"$i- i-'' c%!% c%!% 1(" 1(" "+ '"s(+$*% *" +s !"#ci%#*s "c(ci%#"s @+ Cci** *"+ C'? U+$i! *"+ s("+%2 "s$á 4%'!*% %' + s(! *" $'"s "+"!"#$%s &ásic%s3 E# "+ 'i!"'% *" "++%s %*"!%s '"ci' 1(" s" c%#si*"'# +s c'c$"')s$ics c%0"si5s % 4'icci%##$"s *"+ s("+% + i#5%+(c'' "+ 5+%' c; "# "+ s"?(#*% "+"!"#$% ("*" c+'!"#$" '"ci's" c%!% i#4+(," "# "+ '"s(+$*% 4i#+ + '%4(#*i** *" *"s+#$" *" + -$ s) c%!% "+ P"s% V%+(!<$'ic% V%+(!<$'ic% *"+ s("+% , "# "+ 9+$i!% "+"!"#$% 1(" c%!%#" + "c(ci/# s" i#5%+(c' + 4%'! *" + ci!"#$ci/# + i#c+(i' + *i!"#si/# *"+ #c0% *" + -$ @B. P%' +% $#$%2 %*"!%s "s$&+"c"' + c%#4i'!ci/# *" 1(" (# s("+% #% $i"#" (# cci** *" c'? 4i: , 9#ic2 c%!% "# +?(#%s cs%s '"+"s s" '"$"#*" c%#si*"''2 si#% 1("

E6is$" *"!ás2 (# i!%'$#$" 4c$%' 1(" $!&i<# *"&"'á s"' $%!#*% "# c("#$2 c%!% "s + %sici/# 1(" %c( "+ N.A.F. @#i5"+ *" ?( 4'"á$ic2 "# '"+ci/# c%# + '%4(#*i** *" *"s+#$" *" + -$ '%("s$. R. Es$#%+2 "s"'% 1(" "# "s$s %cs +&'s2 0, c%#s"?(i*% c+'' +?(#s *" s(s *(*s '"s"c$% + $"!2 "+ c(+ ("*" s"' !(, !+i%. D"&i*%  1(" "s$" $"! 0 *"s"'$*% !(c0% i#$"'
*)

I!%#" s%&'" (# s("+% +s c%#*ici%#"s i*"+i-*s *"+ "#s,%. O s"2 i#*(c" + %c(''"#ci *" (# 4++  $'5
 #  P5 A

$ 4  P0 A

D%#*" A "s "+ á'" #%!i#+ *" + !("s$' @% *" + c: *" c%'$" , (s(+!"#$" #% s" c%''i?" ' $"#"' "# c("#$ "+ c!&i% *" á'" c(s* %' "+ *"s+-!i"#$% +$"'+ *" + !("s$' !("s$' @P0.L '"+ci/# "#$'" "#$'" +%s "s4("'-%s *" c%'$" c%'$" *" 4++ @ $ 4  , +%s "s4("'-%s #%'!+"s @  #  "# s("+%s2 s" !("s$' "# + 4i?(' .8 , ("*" '"'"s"#$'s" %' + "c(ci/# si?(i"#$"3 $4  c   #  $? 

Fig. R"+ci/# Fig. R"+ci/# "#$'" +%s "s4("'-%s *" c%'$" !á6i!% , +%s "s4("'-%s #%'!+"s. L +)#" '"c$ %&$"#i* s" c%#%c" c%!% E#5%+5"#$" *" 4++


ECUACIÓN DE FALLA DE CORTE DE COULOMB E# 8KK C%(+%!& %&s"'5/ 1(" si "+ "!(:" 1(" '%*(c" (# s("+% c%#$' (# !('% *" c%#$"#ci/# '%*(c" (# +i?"'% !%5i!i"#$% *"+ !('%2 "# "+ s("+% 1(" "s$á '"$"#i*% s" 4%'! (# +#% *" *"s+i-!i"#$% "s"#ci+!"#$" '"c$%. E+ %s$(+/ 1(" + + !á6i! '"sis$"#ci '"sis$"#ci + c%'$"2 τ 2 "# "+ +#% *" 4++ "s$á ** %' τ  

c  σ $# $# ϕ

D%#*"3 σ   "s "+ "s4("'-% #%'!+ $%$+ "# "+ +#% *" 4++ ϕ  

"s "+ á#?(+% *" 4'icci/# *"+ s("+%

c  "s + c%0"si/# *"+ s("+%

L ($i+i($i+i-ci ci/# /# *" + "c(ci "c(ci/# /# *" C%(+% C%(+%!& !& #% c%#*( c%#*(:% :% si"!' si"!'" "  *is" *is"%s %s s$is4c$%'i%s *" "s$'(c$('s *" s("+%. L '-/# ' "++% #% s" 0i-% "5i*"#$" 0s$ 1(" T"'-?0i (&+ic/ "+ 'i#cii% *" "s4("'-%s "4"c$i5%s. σ   σ W W

(

D%#*"3 (  '"si/# i#$"'s$ici+ σ W W

"s4("'-% "4"c$i5%

P(*% '"ci's" "#$%#c"s 1("2 **% 1(" "+ ?( #% ("*" s%%'$' "s4("'-%s c%'$ c%'$# #$" $"ss s(&s s(&s$ $#c #ci i+" +"s2 s2 + '"si '"sis$ s$"# "#ci ci  + c%'$ c%'$" " *" (# s("+ s("+% % *"&" *"&" s"' s"' "+ '"s(+$*% 9#ic!"#$" *" + '"sis$"#ci  + 4'icci/# 1(" s" '%*(c" "# +%s (#$%s *" c%#$c$% "#$'" '$)c(+s; + !?#i$(* *"
τ  

cW  σ W $# ϕ W W

E# + c(+ c(+ +%s 'á! 'á!"$ "$'% '%ss cW , ϕ W s%# '%i"** *"+ "s1("+"$% *" s("+%2 *"#%!i#*s *"#%!i#*s c%0"si/# "4"c$i5 , á#?(+% *" 4'icci/# "4"c$i52 '"s"c$i5!"#$". '"s"c$i5!"#$". P("s$% 1(" + '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" *""#*" *" +%s "s4("'-%s "4"c$i5%s "# "+ s("+%2 +%s #á+isis *" "s$&i+i** s" 0'á# "#$%#c"s2 "# $<'!i#%s *" "s4("'-%s "4"c$i5%s. Si# "!&'?%2 "# ci"'$s ci'c(#s$#cis "+ #á+isis ("*" 0c"'s" "# $<'!i#%s *" "s4("'-%s $%$+"s , %' $#$%2 "# ?"#"'+2 s" #"c"si$'á *"$"'!i#' +%s 'á!"$'%s *" '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" *"+ s("+% "# "s4("'-%s "4"c$i5%s , "# "s4("'-%s $%$+"s. Es *"ci'2 +%s 5+%'"s *" cW2 ϕ W , c2 ϕ . Es$%s s" %&$i"#"#2  !"#(* !"#(*% % "# "#s,% "#s,%ss *" +&%' +&%'$% $%'i% 'i% '"+i'"+i-*% *%ss s%&'" s%&'" !("s$' !("s$'s s *" s("+% s("+%


'"'"s"#$$i5s !"*i#$" "+ "#s,% *" c%'$" *i'"c$% @ASTM DK % "+ "#s,% *" c%!'"si/# T'i6i+ @ASTM DK. C%!%#"#$"s *" + '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" D" + +", *" C%(+%!& s" *"s'"#*" 1(" + '"sis$"#ci '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" *" s("+%s s("+%s "# $<'!i#%s ?"#"'+"s $i"#" *%s c%!%#"#$"s3  F'icci/# @$?  1(" s" *"&"  + $'&-/# "#$'" '$)c(+s , + '%c" "#$'" "++s c(#*% "s$á# s%!"$i*s  "s4("'-%s #%'!+"s. & C%0"si/# C%0"si/# 1(" s" *"&"  4("'-s 4("'-s i#$"'#s i#$"'#s 1(" !#$i"#" !#$i"#"# # (#i*s (#i*s  +s '$)c(+s "# (# !s.

C%!% "# + "c(ci/# τ 4  c   #  $?  "6is "6is$" $"# # *%s *%s c#$ c#$i* i** *"s "s *"sc%#%ci*s @c , 2 s" '"1(i"'" %&$"#"' *%s 5+%'"s2 c%!% !)#i!% *" "s4("'-% #%'!+ , "s4("'-% c%'$#$" ' %&$"#"' (# s%+(ci/#. C%!% C%!% "+ "s4( "s4("'"'-% % c%'$ c%'$#$ #$" " τ , "+ "s4( "s4("' "'-% -% #%'! #%'!+ + # $i"# $i"#"# "# "+ !is! !is!% % si?#i4ic*% **% "# + c%#s$'(cci/# *"+ c)'c(+% *" M%0'2 "# +(?' *" '"s%+5"' (# s"'i" *" "c(ci%#"s si!(+$á#"s ' c , ' $? 2 "s %si&+" *i&(:' "# (# +#% *" ":"s c%%'*"#*%s +%s 5+%'"s *" τ c%#$' # ' +%s *i4"'"#$"s "#s,%s @?"#"'+!"#$" c%# τ c%!% c%!% %'*"#*2 *i&(:' (# +)#"  $'5
  #  $?

Si"#*% N + 4("'- 5"'$ic+ 1(" c$9 s%&'" "+ c("'%2 + 4("'- 0%'i-%#$+ #"c"s'i @T  ' 0c"' *"s+i-' "+ c("'%2 *"&" s"' s("'i%'  N2 si"#*% "+ c%"4ici"#$" *" '%c" "#$'" +%s *%s !$"'i+"s. Es$ '"+ci/# $!&i<# ("*" s"' "sc'i$ *" + 4%'! si?(i"#$"3 T  N $? Si"#*% 2 "+ á#?(+% *" '%c" % á#?(+% 4%'!*% %' + '"s(+$#$" *" +s *%s 4("'-s c%# + 4("'- #%'!+. L '"sis$"#ci + *"s+i-!i"#$% "s '%%'ci%#+  + '"si/# #%'!+ , ("*" s"' '"'"s"#$* '"'"s"#$* P%' + 4i?(' ..


Fi?. . M"c#is!%s M"c#is!%s *" +%s 4"#/!"#%s *" 4'icci/# 4'icci/# ENSAYO DE CORTE DIRECTO

L 4i?. . !("s$' +%s 'i#ci+"s *"$++"s *"+ '$% *" c%'$" *i'"c$%2 "# "+ c(+ + !("s$' *" s("+% s" i#$'%*(c" "# (# !%+*" *i5i*i*% 0%'i-%#$+!"#$" "# *%s !i$*"s. S" +ic +("?%  + !("s$' (# 4("'- #%'!+ N !"*i#$" (# +c *" c'?2 ,2 ,2 +("?% *" 4i:' 4i:' + !i$* s("'i%' *"+ !%+*"2 !%+*"2 s" c%'$ + !("s$' "# (# +#% 0%'i-%#$+ !"*i#$" + +icci/# *" (# 4("'- c%'$#$" τ . E+ *is"% *"+ !%+*" #% "'!i$" "+ c%#$'%+ *"+ *'"#:" *" + !("s$'. Es$ #% "s (# +i!i$#$" "# "+ cs% *" '"#s , ?'5s2 1(" s%# !$"'i+"s *" *'"#:" +i&'" , %' +% ?"#"'+ 4++# "# c%#*ici%#"s c%!+"$!"#$" *'"#*s. Si# "!&'?%2 "# *"/si$%s *" 'ci++ (# "+"!"#$% *" s("+% "# "+ c!% ("*" 4++' si# #i#?9# *'"#:"2 c%# *'"#:" 'ci+2 % *'"#:" c%!+"$%. L 4+$ *" c%#$'%+ *"+ *'"#:" 0c" %&5i% 1(" "6is$ (# i#c"'$i*(!&'" s%&'" si "s$" 5+%' '"'"s '"'"s"#$ "#$  % #% + 5"'* 5"'**"' *"'  '"sis$ '"sis$"#c "#ci i #% *'"# *'"#*. *. P%' P%' "s$ "s$ '-/#2 '-/#2 + '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" #% *'"#*% *" (# s("+% 'ci++%s%  !"#(*% s" !i*" "# (# cá!' T'i6i+2 + c(+ "'!i$" "+ c%!+"$% c%#$'%+ *"+ *'"#:" *" + !("s$'. Si# Si# "!&' "!&'?%2 ?%2 "+ "#s,% "#s,% *" c%'$" c%'$" *i'"c$% *i'"c$% ("*" ("*" ($i+i($i+i-'s 's" " ' ' !"*i' !"*i' + '"sis '"sis$"# $"#ci ci *'"#* *'"#*  *" +%s s("+%s s("+%s 'ci++ 'ci++%s% %s%ss si 'i!"' 'i!"'% % s" c%#s%+ c%#s%+i* i* %' %' c%!+"$% + !("s$' &:% + c'? #%'!+ , +("?% s" c%'$ + !("s$'  (# 5"+%ci** s(4ici"#$"!"#$" +"#$ ' s"?(''s" *" + *isici/# i#!"*i$ *"+ "6c"s% *" '"si/# i#$"'s$ici+ 1(" s" '%*(c" *('#$" "+ c%'$". L Fi?. .& !("s$' +s '"+ci%#"s $)ics "s4("'-%*"4%'!ci/# (#i$'i c!&i% *" 5%+(!"#. A+ ?'4ic' "+ !á6i!% "s4("'-% c%'$#$" τ 4 "# 4(#ci/# *"+ "s4("'-% #%'!+ "4"c$i5% σ W s" %&$i"#" "+ á#?(+% *" 4'icci/# "4"c$i5% ' (# "s$*% *" *"#si** "# '$ic(+'. P' "s$&+"c"' + "#5%+5"#$" *" 4++ s" '"+i-# *i4"'"#$"s "#s,%s c%# *i4"'"#$"s 5+%'"s *" '"si/# *" c%#4i#!i"#$% @"s4("'-% #%'!+ , s" *i&(: (# +)#" '"c$ *"s*" "+ %'i?"# @, 1(" σ W   "# s("+%s ?'#(+'"s s#*% %' +%s '"s"c$i5%s (#$%s; + "#*i"#$" *" "s$ +)#" s" *"si?# c%# ϕ X.X.


Ti% *" s("+%

ϕ W

G'*%s

S("+

%$D"#s%

+i!%

K  

  

'"# +i!%s

K  

  

'"# (#i4%'!"





'"# &i"# ?'*(*





?'5 '"#%s





T&+ T&+ V.8 V+%'"s *" ϕ W ' s("+%s ?'#(+'"s E# + 4i?. . & , c2 s" 5" 1(" +%s c!&i%s *" 5%+(!"# $i"#"# (# i#4+("#ci 4(#*!"#$+ "# "+ 5+%' *" + '"sis$"#ci + c%'$" *" +%s s("+%s. T+"s "4"c$%s s" '"4+":# "!)'ic!"#$" "!)'ic!"#$" "# "+ 5+%' ϕ W "# + "c(ci/# *" C%(+%!&. Si# "!&'?%2 (# $'$! $'$!i" i"#$% #$% *"$++ *"$++*% *% '"1(i" '"1(i"'" '" (# "s$(*i "s$(*i% % *"+ *"+ c%!%' c%!%'$! $!i" i"#$% #$% *" +s '$)c(+s *"+ s("+% ' s"'' "+ c%!%#"#$" *" + '"sis$"#ci *"&i*%  + "s$' "s$'(c (c$( $(' ' *" '$) '$)c( c(+ +s2 s2 *" 1(" 1("++ 1(" 1(" c%'' c%''"s "s% %#* #*" "  + 4'ic 4'icci ci/# /# "#$'" "#$'" '$)c(+s. A+?(#s 5"c"s ' %&$"#"' "+ *"s+-!i"#$% *"s+-!i"#$% #"c"s'i% *"&" i#5"'$i's" *" !#"' '""$i* + *i'"cci/# *"+ c%'$"2 "'% "++% *is$%'si%# "+ +i#"!i"#$% *" +s '$)c(+s , #% s" +%?' "+ 5"'**"'% 5+%' ' "+ "s$*% !)#i!%. E+ '%&+"! ("*" '"s%+5"'s" ($i+i-#*% "+ '$% *" c%'$" *" c%'$" $i% #(+' "# "+ c(+ s" '("& (# !("s$' *" s("+% *" 4%'! #(+' "# (# #i++% '$i*% 0%'i-%#$+!"#$" "# s( +#% !"*i%2 +% c(+ "'!i$" 1(" + !i$* i#4"'i%' *" + !("s$' s" ci-++* c%#$i#(!"#$" "# (# *i'"cci/# s%&'" + !i$* s("'i%' 4i:2 si# c!&i% *" c%#$c$% "# "+ á'" *" c%#$c$% "#$'" +s *%s c's.


Ensayos Que Se Utilizan Para Hallar La Capacidad Portante de Los Suelos

Recommend Documents