Emancipation Proclamation Compare and Contrast 2011

Article #1: The Union’s Emancipation Proclamation: 1. Presi Presiden dentt Abraha Abraham m Lincoln Lincoln is is often referred to as the “ Great Emancipator”. He was given this title because he is often credited with freeing America’s slaves. On Januar 1st! 1"#$! President Abraham Lincoln issued the %manci&ation Proclamation Proclamation in which he freed all of the slaves living in the 'onfederate states. On that da he stated! On the frst day o January in the year o our !ord one thousand ei"ht hundred and sity$three all persons held as sla%es &ithin any state or desi"nated part o a state the people &hereo shall then 'e in re'ellion a"ainst the United (tates shall 'e then thenceorth and ore%er ree)*

(an &eo&le in the )nion wondered wh Lincoln chose to issue the %manci&ation Proclamation. Proclamation. Historians have discovered that there are man answers to that *uestion. +. One factor factor that that in,u in,uenc enced ed Lincoln’s decision was his disdain for the institution of slaver. slaver. Lincoln did not li-e li-e slaver! but he was a strong su&&orter of the 'onstitution. He believed that the 'onstitution granted the southern states the right to own slaves and therefore! the onl wa to abolish slaver was through a 'onstitutional Amendment. hroughout the earl ears of his &residenc abolitionists li-e /rederic0ouglass &ressured Lincoln to ban slaver! but Lincoln did not feel he had the &ower to do so. $. Linc Lincol oln n -new -new tha thatt the the 'onstitution did not grant him the &residential &ower to

abolish slaver! but it did grant him other &owers. /or eam&le! the 'onstitution states that the President of the )nited 2tates is to serve as the commander3in3 chief of the ).2. (ilitar. Lincoln thought about how he could use his &ower over the militar to abolish slaver. 2oon! he began to view “emanci&ation” “emanci&ation” as a militar strateg. 4. Lincol Lincoln n believe believed d that that freeing freeing the the slaves would increase the )nion’s chances of winning the war. war. His advisors advisor s argued that b freeing the slaves! Lincoln would be sending a message to the 2outh that the were still a &art of the )nion. Lincoln also -new that freeing the slaves in the 2outh would hurt the southern southe rn econom. econom. 5f the slaves weren’t wor-ing the &lantations! the 2outh’s econom would crumble. Lincoln as-ed former slaves to avoid lashing out violentl against the slave owners! unless it was in self3 self3 defense6 And + here'y ,re-uest that. the people so declared to 'e ree ,a%oid. all %iolence unless in necessary sel$deense*

7. Lincol Lincoln n also also believ believed ed that that the the emanci&ation of the 2outh’s slaves would hel& the )nion’s arm. arm. 5n the %manci&ation %manci&a tion Proclamation Proclamation Lincoln declared that African3Americans would be allowed to 8ght in the )nion Arm. Arm. He encouraged both free and enslaved African Americans to 9oin the 8ght. After the %manci&ation Proclamation was announced! the militar began activel recruiting blacsoldiers. soldier s. /rederic/rederic- 0ouglass suggested that the would 8ght

harder than an soldier on the battle8eld. #. 5n 2e&tember of 1"#+! following the )nion’s victor at the :attle of Antietam! Lincoln issued a warning to the 2outh. Lincoln stated that if the 'onfederac did not surrender b Januar 1 st! 1"#$! that he would free all of the slaves living there. On  Januar 1st! 1"#$! Lincoln delivered the %manci&ation Proclamation in which he declared all slaves living in the 'onfederac to be free. Lincoln did not free an of the slaves living in the border states! because the 'onstitution did not give him such &ower. He was onl able to free the slaves in the 2outh because it was a militar maneuver.

Article #/: The 0onederate esponse to the Emancipation Proclamation: ;.  Je2erson 3a%is! the President of the 'onfederate 2tates of America! issued a &ublic statement after Lincoln delivered the %manci&ation Proclamation on Januar 1 st! 1"#$. 0avis claimed that Lincoln had no authorit over the 'onfederac and that the &roclamation would not be recognia general assassination of their masters.” 0avis was saing that Lincoln was encouraging slaves to -ill slave owners in the

2outh. He condemned Lincoln for tring to cause violence in the 2outh. 0avis stated that an slaves that tried to esca&e as a result of the %manci&ation Proclamation would be dealt with harshl. He also threatened an citi
B. he 'onfederate 'ongress agreed with President Jeerson 0avis. he 'ongress believed that the %manci&ation Proclamation was designed to encourage the slaves to revolt against their owners. 5n (a of 1"#$! the 'onfederate 'ongress amended its laws for dealing with PO=s C&risoners of warD. /ollowing the %manci&ation Proclamation! the 'onfederate 'ongress declared that an white oEcers that commanded over or hel&ed blac- soldiers would be eecuted. he 'onfederate 'ongress also stated that all blac- PO=s would either be &ut to death or forced bac- into slaver. )&on hearing this decree! Feneral %dmund Girb 2mith! head of all

the 'onfederate forces west of the (ississi&&i @iver! learned that 7? blac- soldiers had been ca&tured at (ili-en’s :end! Louisiana. Feneral 2mith ordered all 7? soldiers be turned

over to the state of Louisiana.  he were &ut on trial for “crimes against the 2tate” and later eecuted.

ame6 0ate6 'ore6

).2. Histor

Emancipation Proclamation: Union 4 0onederacy PO5 eadin" 0omprehension 3irections 6 @ead the tet and answer the following *uestions. Iou will have +7 minutes to com&lete this assignment.

1. =hich of the following best illustrates the tet structure used in the &assages above Cloo- at the two articles as one &iece of tetD

a. causeKeect

c. main ideaKsu&&orting details

b. com&areKcontrast

d. se*uence of events

+. =hich &osition can be su&&orted b the information in Article #/ a. Lincoln had the right to free the slaves onl living in the 2outh because he was acting as the commander3in3chief of the ).2. militar b. Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation &roved that the )nion still maintained control over the 2outhern 2tates even though the had decided to secede c. =hile cam&aigning to become &resident in 1"#?! Lincoln did not trul want to abolish slaver he was onl doing so in 1"#$ to bring about a *uic- end to the war d. Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation was hel&ful to the slaves living in the 2outh $. Accordin" to the tet wh didn’t Lincoln free the slaves in the border states a. He was not trul and abolitionist and did not believe that the slaves in those states deserved to be free b. Lincoln feared that those states might turn against the )nion and lessen the )nion’s chances of winning the war. c. 2ince those states were loal to the )nion! he believed the 'onstitution did not grant him the authorit to ban slaver in those states. d. he %manci&ation Proclamation freed all slaves including those in the border states

4. =hich of the following would most li-el be included in para"raph # 6 a. About +?M of the slave &o&ulation left their homes following Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation. b. here are records of slaves violentl rebelling against their owners in the state of Nirginia following Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation c. he 'onfederac ho&ed that its new &olic would discourage white )nion oEcers from volunteering to command units blac- soldiers. d. he 'onfederac did not believe that Lincoln had an authorit in the 2outh when the %manci&ation Proclamation was issued in 1"#$ 7. =h did the author include para"raph #7 a. o &rovide evidence that the border states would be o&&osed to Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation b. o e&lain how the emanci&ation of southern slaves would hel& the )nion in their war against the 2outh c. o hint at how the 2outh would react to Lincoln’s %manci&ation Proclamation d. o &rovide evidence showing that Lincoln was morall o&&osed to slaver #. Lincoln had alwas disli-ed “slaver”! but he did nothing to abolish slaver during his 8rst two ears as &resident. %&lain wh Lincoln chose to emanci&ate the slaves living in the 'onfederate states in 1"#$. )se details from the articleCsD to hel& su&&ort our answer CA55'D.                                            