Elogio de la Ociosidad - Bertrand Russell

Trusted by over 1 million members

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.













@EM@CH pád. ............................................................................................ 1

H IBD@B IBD@B MH IA BC@BS@MAM pbr N pbr NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII C AL[AÑA H I ’ LAI LAI“ MHI MHI AGB^^B [ ^HS]AÎBS ^HS]AÎBS A AIDßE DBN@HÊB

@ EVH^]@^ EVH^]@^ HE HL[^HSAS @EMXS]^@AIHS

>

²Q XÀ 2 XÀ HS HI ]ÂNAOB 2 ....................................................................... 3 IA [^B[ [^B[@HM @HMAM AM MH MH IA ]@H^Â ]@H^Â I A [^BMXCC@BE HWCHMHE]H I A LBÂI MHI ]ÂNAOB I A ]ÀCE@CA LBMHÊA ................................................................................... = = GBÂS MH ]ÂNAO ]ÂNAOB B X E LXEMB SHESA]B.................................................................................. 8 I A À]@CA MHI ]ÂNAOB H I SAN@B ........................................................... 6 SAN@B HL[I HL[IHB HB MHI ]@HL ]@HL[B [B I@N^ I@N^H H IBS CBLXE@S]AS P IAS P IAS FHL@E@S]AS ] ÂNAOB ...................................................................................... 4 ÂNAOB LAEXAI H E BCC@MHE]H D XH^Â XH^Â H E ^ XS@A XS@A V B]AC@ÓE ................................................................................... 7 B]AC@ÓE [B[XIA^ C BECIXS@BEHS BECIXS@BEHS H^ÂMAS H I GBLN^H LBMHÊB ................................................................................... 0 C BESXLB BESXLB , [^BMXCC@ÓE [^BMXCC@ÓE P [^B[ÓS@]BS [^B[ÓS@]BS H E HI [ASAMB ............................................................................................. 1; H I S@S]HLA ACAMHL@CB X E LXEMB MBEMH EAM@H SHA BNI@DAMB A ]ÂNAOA^







1

HIBD@B MH IA BC@BS@MAM pbr NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII 1038. blb cas` tbma l` dhehrac`óe, fu` hmucamb he hi hspìr`tu mhi rhfráe «IA BC@BS@MAM HS IA LAM^H MH ]BMBS IBS V@C@BSº. E`ñb prbfuemalheth v`rtubsb, crhì tbmb cuaetb lh mòhrbe, y amqu`rì uea cbec`hecà quh lh ga ghcgb trana oar èthesalheth gasta hi lblhetb actuai. [hrb, auequh l` cbec`hecà gaya cbetrbiamb l`s actbs, l`s bpè`behs gae hxphr`lhetamb uea rhvbiuc`óe. Crhb quh sh ga tranaoamb mhlasàmb he hi luemb, quh IA C^HHEC@A MH QXH HI ]ÂNAOB HS XEA V@^]XM GA CAXSAMB HEB^LHS MAÑBS y quh ib quh gay quh prhm`car he ibs paìshs èmustràihs lbmhrebs hs aidb cblpihtalheth m`stètb mh ib quh s`hlprh sh ga prhm`camb.

C

CAL[AÑA Z*\ ]bmb hi luemb cbebch ia g`stbrà mhi vàohrb quh v`b he Eápbihs mbch lhem`dbs tulnambs ai sbi (hra aeths mh ia àpbca mh Lussbiè`) y bfrhc`ó uea i`ra ai lás phrhzbsb mh tbmbs. Bech mh hiibs sh ihvaetarbe mh ue saitb para rhcialaria, asì quh sh ia m`b ai mubmàc`lb. Aquhi vàohrb gacìa ib cbrrhctb. [hrb he ibs paìshs quh eb m`sfrutae mhi sbi lhm`thrráehb, ia bc`bs`mam hs lás m`fìcì y para prblbvhria sh rhquhr`rìa uea drae prbpadaema. Hsphrb quh, mhspuàs mh ihhr ias pádèas quh s`duhe, ibs m`r`Z*\ ]bmb ]bmbss ibs ibs ]Ì]XIBS, SXN]Ì]X-

dheths mh ia Asbcàc`óe Cr`stàea mh Oóvhehs hlprhemae uea calpaña para èmuc`r a ibs oóvhehs a eb gachr eama. S` hs asì, eb ganrà v`v`mb he vaeb.

HI ’LAI“ MHI AGB^^B Aeths mh prhshetar l`s prbp`bs ardulhetbs a favbr mh ia phrhza, thedb quh rhfutar ueb quh eb puhmb achptar. Cama vhz quh aidu`he quh ya m`spbeh mh ib suf`c`heth para v`v`r sh prbpbeh bcuparsh he aiduea ciash mh tranaob màr`b, cblb ia heshñaeza b ia lhcaebdrafìa, sh ih m`ch, a ài b a hiia, quh tai cbemucta iihva a qu`tar hi pae mh ia nbca a btras phrsbeas, y quh, pbr taetb, hs è`cua. S` hsth ardulhetb fuhsh vái`mb, nastarìa cbe quh tbmbs ebs laetuv`àshlbs èact`vbs para thehr ia nbca iihea mh pae. Ib quh biv`ma ia dheth quh m`ch taihs cbsas hs quh XE GBLN^H SXHIH DAS]A^ IB QXH DAEA, P AI DAS]A^ DHEHÂ HL[IHB. Ai dastar sus èdrhsbs, ue gblnrh pbeh taetb pae he ias nbcas mh ibs mhlás cblb ihs qu`ta ai daear.

HI VH^MAMH^B LAIVAMB, MHSMH HS]H [XE]B MH V@S]A, HS HI GBLN^H QXH AGB^Â. S` sh i`l`ta a lhthr sus agbrrbs he ue caichtìe, cblb hi prbvhrnài calphsèb fraecàs, hs bnv`b quh eb dhehra hlpihb. S` èv`hrth sus agbrrbs, ia cuhst`óe hs lhebs bnvà, y sh piaethae m`fhrheths casbs. Xea mh ias cbsas quh cbe lás frhcuhecà sh gache cbe ibs agbrrbs hs

[^HS]AÎBS A AIDßE DBN@HÊB. He v`sta mhi ghcgb mh quh hi druhsb mhi dastb pÿni`cb mh ia laybr parth mh







> c`óe quh hi laivamb mh Sgajhspharh quh aiquìa ashsèbs. Hi rhsuitamb hstr`ctb mh ibs gán`tbs mh agbrrb mhi gblnrh hs hi ècrhlhetb mh ias fuhrzas arlamas mhi Hstamb ai quh prhsta sus hcbeblìas. ^HSXI]A HV@MHE]H QXH SH^ÌA LHOB^ QXH DAS]AÂ HI M@EH^B, AXE CXAEMB IB DAS]AÂ HE NHN@MA B HE OXHDB.

[hrb –sh lh m`rá– hi casb hs ansbiutalheth m`stètb cuaemb ibs agbrrbs sh gania mh

@EVH^]@^ HE HL[^HSAS @EMXS]^@AIHS. Cuaemb taihs hlprhsas t`hehe àx`tb y prbmuche aidb ÿtì, sh puhmh aml`t`r. He euhstrbs mìas, sè hlnardb, eam`h ehdará quh ia laybrìa mh ias hlprhsas fracasae. Hstb s`de`f`ca quh XEA DÂE CAE]@MAM MH ]ÂNAOB GXLAEB, QXH GXN@HÂ [BM@MB MHM@CA^SH A [^BMXC@^ AIDB SXSCH[]@NIH MH SH^ M@SF^X]AMB, SH CBESXL@Ó HE IA FAN^@CAC@ÓE MH LÁQX@EAS QXH, XEA VH_ CBES]^X@MAS, [H^LAEHCHE [AÂMAS P EB NHEHF@C@AE A EAM@H. [br hemh, hi gblnrh quh èv`hrth

sus agbrrbs he ue ehdbc`b quh qu`hnra, phroum`ca a ibs mhlás taetb cblb a sì l`slb. S` dasta su mèhrb –m`dalbs– he mar f`hstas a sus al`dbs, àstbs sh m`vhrt`ráe –canh hsphrarib–, ai t`hlpb he quh sh nhehf`c`he tbmbs aquhiibs cbe qu`hehs dastó su mèhrb, cblb hi care`chrb, hi paeamhrb y hi cbetranaem`sta mh aicbgbi. [hrb s` ib dasta –m`dalbs– he themhr r`hihs para traevìas he ue iudar mbemh ibs traevìas rhsuitae èehchsar`bs, ganrá mhsvàmb ue cbes`mhranih vbiulhe mh tranaob pbr calèbs he ibs quh eb mará piachr a eam`h.

NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII p`calheth, sh ih mhsprhcàrá cblb phrsbea aibcama y frìvbia. Eama mh hstb pasa mh ib prhi`lèar. Qu`hrb mhc`r, cbe tbma shr`hmam, quh ia fh he ias v`rtumhs mhi ]ÂNAOB hstá gac`hemb lucgb mañb he hi luemb lbmhreb y quh HI CAL@EB GAC@A IA FHI@C@MAM P IA [^BS[H^@MAM [ASA [B^ XEA ^HMXCC@ÓE B^DAE@_AMA MH AQXÀI. Aeth tbmb,

²QXÀ HS HI ]ÂNAOB2 Gay > CIASHS MH ]ÂNAOB: ia 1Â? LBM@F@CA^ IA M@S[BS@C@ÓE MH IA LA]H^@A HE, B CH^CA MH, IA SX[H^F@C@H MH IA ]@H^Â, HE ^HIAC@ÓE CBE B]Â LA]H^@A MAMA:

ia >MA? LAEMA^ A B]^BS QXH IB GADAE.

Ia pr`lhra ciash mh tranaob hs mhsadramanih y hstá lai padama. Ia shduema hs adramanih y luy n`he padama. Ia shduema ciash hs suschpt`nih mh hxthemhrsh èmhfè`malheth? eb sbialheth hstáe ibs quh mae órmhehs, sèb taln`àe ibs quh mae cbeshobs achrca mh quà órmhehs mhnhe marsh. [br ib dhehrai, > drupbs brdae`zambs mh gblnrhs MAE S@LXI]ÁEHALHE]H MBS CIASHS B[XHS]AS MH CBESHOBS: HS]B SH IIALA [BIÌ]@CA.

[ara hsta ciash mh tranaob EB sh rhqu`hrh hi cbebc`l`hetb mh ibs th-







3

H IBD@B IBD@B MH IA BC@BS@MAM

IA [^B[@HMAM MH IA ]@H^Â

muraeth ias duhrras eapbihóe`cas y gasta gach c`he añbs, cuaemb ia euhva ciash mh ibs èmustràihs daeó pbmhr. He Ebrthalàr`ca, hi s`sthla thrlèó cbe ia rhvbiuc`óe, hxchptb he hi Sur, mbemh sbnrhv`v`ó gasta ia duhrra c`vì. Xe s`sthla quh muró taetb y quh thrlèó tae rhc`hethlheth ga mhoamb, cblb hs eaturai, uea guhiia prbfuema he ibs phesal`hetbs y ias bpè`behs mh ibs gblnrhs. Nuhea parth mh ib quh malbs pbr shetamb achrca mh ia cbevhe`hecà mhi tranaob prbchmh mh hsth s`sthla, y, ai shr prhèmustrài, eb hstá amaptamb ai luemb lbmhreb. IA ]ÀCE@-

He Hurbpa, auequh eb he Ebrthalàr`ca, gay uea thrchra ciash mh gblnrhs, lás rhsphtama quh cuaiqu`hra mh ias ciashs mh tranaoambrhs. Gay gblnrhs quh, lhrchm a ia prbp`hmam mh ia t`hrra, hstáe he cbem`c`behs mh gachr quh btrbs paduhe pbr hi pr`vìhd`b mh quh ihs cbes`heta hx`st`r y tranaoar . Hstbs thrrathe`heths sbe dheths bc`bsas, y pbr hiib canrìa hsphrar quh yb ibs hibdàra. Mhsdracàmalheth, su bc`bs`mam sbialheth rhsuita pbs`nih dracàs a ia ianbr`bs`mam mh btrbs: he hfhctb, su mhshb mh cólbma bc`bs`mam hs ia fuheth g`stór`ca mh tbmb hi hvaedhi`b mhi tranaob. Ib ÿit`lb quh pbmrìae mhshar hs quh btrbs s`du`hrae su hohlpib.

CA LBMHÊA GA GHCGB [BS@NIH QXH HI BC@B, MHE]^B MH C@H^]BS IÌL@]HS, EB SHA IA [^H^^BDA]@VA MH CIASHS [^@V@IHD@AMAS [BCB EXLH^BSAS, S@EB XE MH^HCGB

IA [^BMXCC@BE HWCHMHE]H

hqu`tat`valheth rhpart`mb he tbma ia cblue`mam.

Mhsmh hi cbl`hezb mh ia c`vì`zac`óe gasta ia rhvbiuc`óe èmustrài, ue gblnrh pbmìa, pbr ib dhehrai, prbmuc`r, tranaoaemb muralheth, pbcb lás mh ib `lprhscèm`nih para su prbpà suns`sthecà y ia mh su falìà , aue cuaemb su luohr tranaoara ai lhebs tae muralheth cblb ài, y sus gòbs adrhdarae su tranaob tae prbetb cblb theìae ia hmam ehchsarà para hiib. HI [HQXHÑB HWCHMHE]H SBN^H IB HS]^@C]ALHE]H EHCHSA^@B EB SH MHOANA HE LAEBS MH IBS QXH IB [^BMXCÌAE, S@EB QXH SH IB A[^B[@ANAE IBS DXH^^H^BS P IBS SACH^MB]HS. He t`hlpbs mh galnruea eb ganìa

hxchmheth: ibs duhrrhrbs y ibs sachrmbths, sè hlnardb, shduìae rhshrváembsh taetb cblb he btrbs t`hlpbs, cbe hi rhsuitamb mh quh lucgbs mh ibs trana oambrhs lbrìae mh galnrh.

IA LBÂI MHI ]ÂNAOB

IA LBÂI MHI ]ÂNAOB HS IA LBÂI MH IBS HSCIAVBS, P HI LXEMB LBMHÊB EB ]@HEH EHCHS@MAM MH HSCIAV@]XM. Hs hv`mheth quh, he ias cblue`mamhs pr`l`t`vas, ibs calphsèbs, mh ganhr pbm`mb mhc`m`r, eb gun`hrae hetrhdamb hi hscasb hxchmheth cbe quh suns`stìae ibs duhrrhrbs y ibs sachrmbths, sèb quh gun`hshe prbmuc`mb lhebs b cbesul`mb lás. Ai prèc`p`b, hra ia fuhrza ib quh ibs bni`dana a prbmuc`r y hetrhdar hi hxchmheth. DÂMXAILHE]H, S@E HLNA^DB, ^HSXI]Ó [BS@NIH @EMXC@^ A LXCGBS MH HIIBS A ACH[]A^ XEA À]@CA SHDßE IA CXAI HÂ SX MHNH^ ]ÂNAOA^ @E]HESALHE]H, AXEQXH [A^]H MH SX ]ÂNAOB FXHÂ A SBS]HEH^ A B]^BS, QXH [H^LAEHCÌAE BC@BSBS. [br hsth lhm`b, ia cblpuis`óe rh-









= mbs s` sh ihs mòhra quh hi rhy eb mhnh thehr èdrhsbs laybrhs quh ibs mh ue tranaoambr. Hi cbechptb mh mhnhr, he tàrlèbs g`stór`cbs, ga s`mb ue lhm`b utì`zamb pbr ibs pbshhmbrhs mhi pbmhr para èmuc`r a ibs mhlás a v`v`r para hi èthràs mh sus albs lás quh para su prbp`b èthràs. [br supuhstb, ibs pbshhmbrhs mhi pbmhr bcuitae hsth ghcgb aÿe aeth sì l`slbs, y sh ias arrhdiae para crhhr quh sus èthrhshs sbe `màet`cbs a ibs lás draemhs èthrhshs mh ia gulae`mam. A vhchs hstb hs c`hrtb: ibs athe`heshs prbp`htar`bs mh hsciavbs, pbr hohlpib, hlpihanae parth mh su t`hlpb i`nrh he gachr uea cbetr`nuc`óe phrlaeheth a ia c`vì`zac`óe, quh gun`hra s`mb `lpbs`nih naob ue s`sthla hcbeól`cb oustb. Hi t`hlpb i`nrh hs hshecài para ia c`vì`zac`óe, y, he àpbcas pasamas, sóib hi tranaob mh ibs lás gacìa pbs`nih hi t`hlpb i`nrh mh ibs lhebs. [H^B HI ]ÂNAOB HÂ VAI@BSB, EB [B^QXH HI ]ÂNAOB HE SÌ FXHÂ NXHEB, S@EB [B^QXH HI BC@B HS NXHEB. P CBE IA ]ÀCE@CA LBMHÊA SH^ÌA [BS@NIH M@S]^@NX@^ OXS]ALHE]H HI BC@B, S@E LHEBSCANB [AÂ IA C@V@I@_AC@ÓE.

IA ]ÀCE@CA LBMHÊA ga ghcgb pbs`nih ^HMXC@^ hebrlhlheth ia caet`mam mh tranaob rhquhr`ma para ashdurar ib `lprhscèm`nih para ia v`ma mh tbmbs . Hstb sh g`zb

NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII zambs mh ias eac`behs aiàmas fuh lás aitb quh aeths y quh mhspuàs. Ia s`de`f`cac`óe mh hsth ghcgb fuh HECXN@H^]A [B^ IAS F@EAE_AS? ibs pràstalbs gacìae aparhchr ias cbsas cblb s` hi futurb hstuv`hra ai`lhetaemb ai prhsheth. [hrb hstb, mhsmh iuhdb, gun`hsh s`mb `lpbs`nih: ue gblnrh eb puhmh cblhrsh uea rhnaeama mh pae quh tbmavìa eb hx`sth . Ia duhrra mhlbstró mh lbmb cbeciuyheth quh ia brdae`zac`óe c`hetìf`ca mh ia prbmucc`óe phrl`th laethehr ias pbniac`behs lbmhreas he ue cbes`mhranih n`hehstar cbe sóib uea phquhña parth mh ia capac`mam mh tranaob mhi luemb hethrb. S` ia brdae`zac`óe c`hetìf`ca, quh sh ganìa cbechn`mb para i`nhrar gblnrhs quh iucgarae y fanr`carae lue`c`behs, sh gun`hra laethe`mb ai fèai`zar ia duhrra, y SH GXN@HSHE ^HMXC@MB A

= GBÂS MH ]ÂNAOB, ]BMB GXN@HÂ @MB N@HE. He iudar mh hiib, fuh rhstauramb hi aet`dub cabs? aquhiibs cuyb tranaob sh ehchs`tana sh v`hrbe BNI@DAMBS A ]ÂNAOA^ IA^DAS GBÂS, P AI ^HS]B SH IH MHOÓ LB^@^ MH GALN^H pbr faita mh hlpihb. ²[br quà2 [brquh hi tranaob hs ue mhnhr, y XE GBLN^H EB MHNH ^HC@N@^ SAIA^@BS [^B[B^C@BEAMBS A IB QXH GA [^BMXC@MB







8


bcgb gbras pbr mìa, gache taetbs aifìhrhs cblb hi luemb ehchs`ta. Aidu`he èvheta ue èdhe`b cbe hi cuai hi l`slb eÿlhrb mh phrsbeas puhmh gachr mbs vhchs hi eÿlhrb mh aifìhrhs quh gacìa aeths. [hrb hi luemb eb ehchs`ta mupi`car hsh eÿlhrb mh aifìhrhs? ibs aifìhrhs sbe ya tae naratbs, quh m`fìcìlheth pum`hra vhemhrsh aidueb lás a ue prhc`b èfhr`br. He

XE LXEMB SHESA]B, tbmbs ibs `lpi`cambs he ia fanr`cac`óe mh aifìhrhs pasarìae a tranaoar cuatrb gbras he iudar mh bcgb , y tbmb ib mhlás cbetèuarìa cblb aeths. [hrb he hi luemb rhai hstb sh ouzdarìa mhslbrai`zambr. IBS GBLN^HS AßE ]ÂNAOAE BCGB GBÂS: GAP MHLAS@AMBS AIF@IH^HS: AIDXEBS [A]^BEBS QX@HNÂE, P IA L@]AM MH IBS GBLN^HS AE]H^@B^LHE]H HL[IHAMBS HE IA FAN^@CAC@ÓE MH AIF@IH^HS SBE MHS[HM@MBS P QXHMAE S@E ]ÂNAOB. Ai fèai, gay taetb t`hlpb i`nrh i `nrh cblb he hi btrb piae, phrb ia l`tam mh ibs gblnrhs hstáe ansbiutalheth bc`bsbs, l`hetras ia btra l`tam s`duh tranaoaemb mhlasàmb. Mh hsth lbmb, quhma ashduramb quh HI @EHV@]ANIH ]@HL[B I@N^H [^BMX_CA L@SH^@A

rai, tranaoanae mbch gbras ai mìa. Cuaemb ibs hetrhlht`mbs apuetarbe quh qu`zá tai caet`mam mh gbras fuhsh hxchs`va, ihs mòhrbe quh hi tranaob aihoa a ibs amuitbs mh ia nhn`ma y a ibs e`ñbs mhi lai. Cuaemb yb hra e`ñb, pbcb mhspuàs mh quh ibs tranaoambrhs urnaebs gun`hrae amqu`r`mb hi vbtb, fuhrbe hstanihc`mas pbr ihy c`hrtas f`hstas pÿni`cas, cbe drae èm`deac`óe mh ias ciashs aitas. ^hcuhrmb ganhr bìmb a uea aecàea muquhsa mhc`r? «²[ara quà qu`hrhe ias f`hstas ibs pbnrhs2 Mhnhrìae tranaoarº. Gby, ias dheths sbe lhebs fraecas, phrb hi shet`l`hetb phrs`sth, y hs ia fuheth mh drae parth mh euhstra cbefus`óe hcbeól`ca. Cbes`mhrhlbs pbr ue lblhetb fraecalheth, sè suphrst`c`óe,

IA À]@CA MHI ]ÂNAOB. ]bmb shr gulaeb, ehchsaràlheth, cbesulh he hi cursb mh su v`ma c`hrtb vbiulhe mhi prbmuctb mhi tranaob gulaeb. Achptaemb, cbsa quh pbmhlbs gachr, quh hi tranaob hs, he cbe ouetb, mhsadramanih, rhsuita èoustb quh ue gblnrh cbesula lás mh ib quh prbmuch. [br supuhstb, puhmh prhstar aidÿe shrv`c`b he iudar mh prbmuc`r artìcuibs mh cbesulb, cblb he hi casb mh ue làm`cb, pbr hohlpib: phrb aidb ga mh apbrtar a caln`b mh su laeuthec`óe y aiboal`hetb. He hsta lhm`-







6

NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII

ràmbs quh tranaohe he hxchsb b quh luhrae mh galnrh. S` hi asaiaràmb brmèar`b tranaoash cuatrb gbras ai mìa, aicaezarìa para tbmbs y eb ganrìa parb –maemb pbr supuhsta puhsta c`hrta c`hrta luy lbmhram lbmhrama a caet`ma caet`mam m mh brdae`zac`ó brdae`zac`óe e shesata–. shesata–. Hsta `mha hscaemai`za a ibs r`cbs pbrquh hstáe cbevhec`mbs mh quh hi pbnrh eb sanrìa cólb cólb hlpi hlpiha harr taet taetb b t`hl t`hlpb pb i`nrh i`nrh.. He Ebrthalàr`ca, ibs gblnrhs suhihe tranaoar iardas gbras, aue cuaemb ya hstàe n`he s`tuambs: hstbs gblnrhs, eaturailheth, sh èm`deae aeth ia `mha mhi t`hlpb i`nrh mh ibs asaiaràmbs, hxchptb naob ia fbrla mhi èfihx`nih cast`db mhi parb: he rhai`mam, ihs m`sdusta hi bc`b aue para sus gòbs. P, ib quh hs nastaeth hxtrañb, l`h l`hetras mhs mhshae quh sus

gòbs tranao naohe taetb quh eb ihs quh quhmh t`hl t`hlpb pb para para c`v c`vì` ì`za zars rshh, eb ihs ihs `lpb `lpbrrta quh sus luohrhs y sus gòas eb theda thedae e eèdÿ eèdÿe e tran tranao aob b he ansbi ansbiut utb. b. IA HSEBN HSEBN AML@Â AML@ÂC@ÓE C@ÓE [B^ IA @EX]@I @EX]@I@MA @MAM, M, quh he

uea SBC@HMAM SBC@HMAM A^@S]BC^Á]@ A^@S]BC^Á]@CA CA

ANA^ ANA^CA CA A IBS IBS MBS MBS SHWB SHWBS, S, QXHMA, he uea [IX]BCÂC@A, I@L@ I@L@]A ]AMA MA A IAS IAS LX LXOH OH^H ^HS S:

hiib, sè hlnardb, eb ia pbeh he s`tuac`óe lás acbrmh cbe hi shet`mb cblÿe.

tai pr`vac`óe: sbialheth ue ehc`b ascht`slb, dhehrailheth v`car`b, ebs iihva a shdu`r ès`st`hemb he tranaoar he caet`mamhs hxchs`vas, agbra quh ya eb hs ehchsar`b.

IBS CBLXE@S]AS P IAS FHL@E@S]AS He hi euhvb crhmb mblèaeth HE HI DBN@H^ N@HÊB EB MH ^XS@A, asì cblb gay lucga m`staecà mh ia tram`c`beai heshñaeza mh Bcc`mheth, gay aiduea ueas cbsa bsas quh eb gae gae ca cal lnàm nàmb b he ansb ansbiiutb utb. Ia act`tum mh ias ciashs dbnhreaeths, y hsphcàilheth mh aquhiias quh m`r`dhe ia prbpadaema padaema hmucat` hmucat`va va rhsphc rhsphctb tb mhi thla thla mh ia m`de`mam mhi tranaob, hs cas` hxactalheth ia l`sla quh ias ciashs dbnhreaeths mh tbmb hi luemb gae prhm`camb camb s`hl s`hlpr prh h a ibs ibs iial iialam ambs bs pbnrh pbnrhs s gberambs. Ianb Ianbr` r`bs bs`m `mam am,, sbnr sbnr`h `hma mam, m,

nuh nuhea vbiu biuetam para tranaoar iardas gbras a caln`b mh ihoaeas vhetaoas, èci ècius us`v `vhh sul` sul`s` s`óe óe a ia autb autbrr`mam `mam, tbmb rhaparhch: pbr añam`mura, ia autbr`mam tbmavì tbmavìa a rhpr hprhsh shet etaa ia vbiueta etam

mhi Sbnhraeb mhi Xe`vhrsb. Qu`he, sè hlnardb, rhc`nh agbra ue euhvb eblnrh? LA]H^@AI@SLB M@AIÀC]@CB. Ia v`ctbrà mhi prbihtaràmb he ûsà t`heh aiduebs puetbs he cblÿe cbe ’IA V@C] V@C]B^ B^@A @A MH IAS IAS FHL@ FHL@E@ E@S] S]AS AS“ he aiduebs btrbs paìshs. Muraeth s`dibs, ibs gblnrhs gae aml`t`mb ia ’suphr`br saet`mam“ mh ias luohrhs, y gae cbesbiamb a ias







4


]ÂNAOB LAEXAI.

HE BCC@MHE]H

Muraeth s`dibs, ibs r`cbs y sus lhrchear`bs gae hscr`tb he HIBD@B MHI ]ÂNAOB GBEÂMB, GAE AIANAMB IA V@MA SHEC@IIA, GAE [^BFHSAMB XEA ^HI@D@ÓE QXH

thehlbs varàs laehras mh tratar hsth prbnihla. EB AS[@ÂLBS A IA OXS]@C@A HCBEÓL@CA: mh lbmb quh uea drae prbpbrc`óe mhi prbmuctb tbtai va a parar a laebs mh uea phquhña lèbrìa mh ia pbniac`óe, lucgbs mh cuybs cblpbeheths eb tranaoae he ansbiutb. [B^ AXSHEC@A MH ]BMB CBE]^BI CHE]ÂI@_AMB MH IA [^BMXCC@ÓE, FAN^@-

HESHÑA QXH HS LXCGB LÁS [^BNANIH QXH VAPAE AI C@HIB IBS [BN^HS QXH IBS ^@CBS y, he dhehrai, gae tratamb mh

gachr crhhr a ibs tranaoambrhs laeuaihs quh gay c`hrta hsphcài ebnihza he lbm`f`car ia s`tuac`óe mh ia lathrà he hi hspac`b, tai y cblb ibs gblnrhs tratarbe mh gachr crhhr a ias luohrhs quh bnthemrìae c`hrta hsphcài ebnihza mh su hsciav`tum shxuai. He ûsà, tbmas hstas heshñaezas achrca mh ia hxchihecà mhi tranaob laeuai gae s`mb tblamas he shr`b, cbe hi rhsuitamb mh quh hi tranaoambr laeuai sh vh lás gberamb quh eam`h. Sh gache ib quh, he hshecà, sbe iialal`hetbs a ia rhsurrhcc`óe mh ia fh, phrb eb cbe ibs aet`dubs prbpós`tbs? sh gache para ashdurar ibs tranaoambrhs mh cgbquh ehchsar`bs para tarhas hsphcàihs. Hi tranaob laeuai hs hi `mhai quh sh prbpbeh a ibs oóvhehs, y hs ia nash mh tbma heshñaeza àt`ca. He ia actuai`mam, pbs`nihlheth, tbmb hiib sha para n`he. Xe paìs draemh, iiheb mh rhcursbs eaturaihs, hsphra hi mhsarrbiib, y ga mh mhsarrbiiarsh gac`hemb ue usb luy hscasb mhi cràm`tb. He taihs c`rcuestaecàs, hi tranaob murb hs ehchsar`b, y canh su-

CALBS LXI]@]XM MH CBSAS QXH EB GACHE FAI]A. Laethehlbs bc`bsb ue aitb pbr-

chetaoh mh ia pbniac`óe tranaoambra, ya quh pbmhlbs pasarebs sè su tranaob gac`hemb tranaoar he hxchsb a ibs mhlás. CXAEMB ]BMBS HS]BS LÀ]BMBS MHLXHS]ÂE SH^ @EAMHCXAMBS, ]HEHLBS XEA

DXH^Â? LAEMALBS A XE C@H^]B EßLH^B MH [H^SBEAS A FAN^@CA^ HW[IBS@VBS MH AI]A [B]HEC@A P A B]^B EßLH^B MH]H^L@EAMB A GACHÎBS HS]AIIA^, cblb s` fuàralbs e`ñbs quh acanáralbs mh mhscunr`r ibs fuhdbs art`f`càihs. Cbe uea cblnèac`óe mh tbmbs hstbs m`spbs`t`vbs ebs ias arrhdialbs, auequh cbe m`f`cuitam, para laethehr v`va ia ebc`óe mh quh hi gblnrh lhm`b mhnh rhai`zar uea drae caet`mam mh murb tranaob laeuai.







7

NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII

VB]AC@ÓE [B[XIA^

CBECIXS@BEHS H^ÂMAS

MHC@M@HÂ, HE CAMA E@VHI, IA [^HFH^HEC@A [B^ LÁS BC@B B [B^ LÁS N@HEHS. [hrb, gan`hemb heshñamb ia suprhla v`rtum mhi tranaob èthesb, hs m`fìcì vhr cólb puhmhe asp`rar ias autbr`mamhs a ue paraìsb he hi quh gaya lucgb t`hlpb i`nrh y pbcb tranaob. [arhch lás prbnanih quh hecuhetrhe cbetèualheth euhvbs prbyhctbs he eblnrh mh ibs cuaihs ia bc`bs`mam prhsheth gaya mh sacr`f`carsh a ia prbmuct`v`mam futura . ^hc`hethlheth gh ihìmb achrca mh ue èdhe`bsb piae prbpuhstb pbr èdhe`hrbs rusbs para gachr quh hi lar Niaecb y ias cbstas shpthetr`beaihs mh S`nhrà sh cai`hethe, cbestruyhemb ue m`quh a ib iardb mhi lar mh Jara. Xe prbyhctb aml`ranih, phrb capaz mh pbspbehr hi n`hehstar prbihtar`b pbr tbma uea dhehrac`óe, t`hlpb muraeth hi cuai ia ebnihza mhi tranaob shrìa prbcialama he ibs calpbs ghiambs y hetrh ias tbrlhetas mh e`hvh mhi bcàaeb Árt`cb. Hstb, s` suchmh, shrá hi rhsuitamb mh cbes`mhrar ia v`rtum mhi ]ÂNAOB @E]HESB cblb ue fè he sì l`sla , lás quh cblb ue lhm`b para aicaezar ue hstamb mh cbsas he hi cuai ]AI ]ÂNAOB PA EB FXHÂ EHCHSA^@B. Hi ghcgb hs quh

he hsta cuhst`óe pbr > CAXSAS.

LBVH^ LA]H^@A

ia 1Â? HS IA EHCHS@MAM MH ]HEH^ CBE]HE]BS A IBS [BN^HS, QXH GA @L[XISAMB A IBS ^@CBS, MXÂE]H L@IHS MH AÑBS, A [^HM@CA^ IA M@DE@MAM MHI ]ÂNAOB, AXEQXH ]HE@HEMB NXHE CX@MAMB MH LAE]HEH^SH @EM@DEBS A HS]H ^HS[HC]B.

ia >MA? HS HI EXHVB [IACH^ MHI LHCAE@SLB, QXH EBS GACH MHIH@]AÊBS HE IBS CALN@BS ASBLN^BSALHE]H @E]HI@DHE]HS QXH [BMHLBS [^BMXC@^ HE IA SX[H^F@C@H MH IA ]@H^Â.

Eèdueb mh hsbs lbt`vbs t`heh drae atract`vb para hi quh mh vhrmam tranaoa. S` ih prhduetá`s cuái hs ia quh cbes`mhra ia lhobr parth mh su v`ma, eb hs prbnanih quh bs rhspbema? «Lh adrama hi tranaob fìs`cb pbrquh lh gach shet`r quh hstby maemb culpi`l`hetb a ia lás ebnih mh ias tarhas mhi gblnrh y pbrquh lh dusta phesar he ib lucgb quh hi gblnrh puhmh traesfbrlar su piaehta. Hs c`hrtb quh l` cuhrpb hx`dh phrìbmbs mh mhscaesb, quh thedb quh pasar ib lhobr pbs`nih, phrb eueca sby tae fhi`z cblb cuaemb iihda ia lañaea y









0


vhèt`cuatrb. He ia lhm`ma he quh hiib hs c`hrtb he hi luemb lbmhreb, hs uea cbemhea mh euhstra c`vì`zac`óe: eb gun`hsh s`mb c`hrtb he eèdÿe phrìbmb aethr`br. Aeths ganìa uea capac`mam para ia aihdrìa y ibs ouhdbs quh gasta c`hrtb puetb ga s`mb èg`n`ma pbr hi cuitb a ia hf`c`hecà.

HI GBLN^H LBMHÊB p`hesa quh ]BMB MHNH^ÌA GACH^SH [B^ AIDXEA Â_ÓE MH]H^L@EAMA, P EXECA [B^ SÌ L@SLB. Ias phrsbeas shràs, pbr hohlpib, cr`t`cae cbetèualheth hi gán`tb mh `r ai cèh, y ebs m`che quh èmuch a ibs oóvhehs ai mhi`tb. [hrb tbmb hi tranaob ehchsar`b para cbestru`r ue cèh hs rhsphtanih, pbrquh hs tranaob y pbrquh prbmuch nhehf`c`bs hcbeól`cbs. Ia ebc`óe mh quh ias act`v`mamhs mhshanihs sbe aquhiias quh prbmuche nhehf`c`b hcbeól`cb ib ga puhstb tbmb patas

c`óe mh n`hehs, mhnh mhr`varsh hethralheth mh ia vhetaoa quh sh bntheda cbesul`àembibs.

HI @EM@V@MXB, HE EXHS]Â SBC@HMAM ]ÂNAOA [B^ XE NHEHF@C@B, [^B[ÓS@]B SBC@AI [H^B HI [^B[ÓS@]B MH SX ]ÂNAOB ÂM@CA HE HI CBESXLB MH IB QXH ÀI [^BMXCH. HS]H M@VB^C@B HE]^H IBS [^B[ÓS@]BS @EM@V@MXAIHS P IBS SBC@AIHS ^HS[HC]B MH IA [^BMXCC@ÓE hs ib quh gach quh a ibs gblnrhs ihs rhsuith tae m`fìcì phesar cbe ciar`mam he ue luemb he hi quh ia bnthec`óe mh nhehf`c`bs hs hi èchet`vb mh ia èmustrà. [HESALBS MHLAS@AMB HE IA [^BMXCC@ÓE P MHLAS@AMB [BCB HE HI CBESXLB. Cblb cbeshcuhecà mh hiib,

cbechmhlbs mhlasàmb pbca `lpbrtaecà ai dbch y a ia fhi`c`mam shecìia, y eb ouzdalbs ia prbmucc`óe pbr hi piachr quh ma ai cbesul`mbr. Cuaemb prbpbedb quh ias gbras mh







1;

NH^]ÂEM ^XSSHII

tas rhd`behs ruraihs, phrb ibs `lpuisbs quh m`hrbe iudar a quh sh ias cuit`vara mhnhe mh hx`st`r tbmavìa he ia eaturaihza gulaea.

IBS [IACH^HS

mìa prbmuc`r ue Marwè, phrb cbetra ài ganrìae mh shñaiarsh mhcheas mh lìiarhs mh g`maidbs ruraihs quh oalás phesarbe he eama lás èthi`dheth quh ia caza mhi zbrrb y hi cast`db mh ibs cazambrhs furt`vbs.

MH IAS [BNIAC@BEHS X^NAEAS

gae iihdamb a shr he su laybrìa [AS@VBS? vhr phiìcuias, prhshecàr part`mbs mh fÿtnbi, hscucgar ia ram`b, y asì suchs`valheth. Hiib rhsuita mhi ghcgb mh quh sus hehrdìas act`vas sh cbesulhe cblpihtalheth he hi tranaob: s` tuv`hrae lás t`hlpb i`nrh, vbivhrìae a m`vhrt`rsh cbe ouhdbs he ibs quh gun`hrae mh tblar parth act`va.

HE HI [ASAMB, ganìa uea rhmuc`ma ciash bc`bsa y uea lás eulhrbsa ciash tranaoambra. Ia ciash bc`bsa m`sfrutana mh vhetaoas quh eb sh fuemanae he ia oust`cà sbcài:

HI S@S]HLA ACAMHL@CB Actuailheth, sh supbeh quh ias ue`vhrs`mamhs prbpbrc`beae, mh ue lbmb lás s`sthlát`cb, ib quh ia ciash bc`bsa prbpbrc`beana acc`mhetailheth y cblb ue sunprbmuctb. Hstb rhprhsheta ue drae amhiaetb, phrb t`heh c`hrtbs ècbevhe`heths. IA V@MA MH XE@VH^S@MAM hs, he mhfè`t`va, ]AE M@FH^HE]H MH IA V@MA HE HI LXEMB, quh ias phrsbeas quh v`vhe he ue aln`heth acamàl`cb ]@HEMHE A MHSCBEBCH^ IAS [^HBCX[AC@BEHS P IBS [^BNIHLAS MH IBS GBLN^HS P IAS LXOH^HS CB^^@HE]HS: pbr añam`mura, sus lhm`bs mh hx-

prhs`óe suhihe shr taihs, quh pr`vae a sus bpè`behs mh ia èfiuhecà quh mhn`hrae thehr sbnrh hi pÿni`cb he dhehrai. Btra mhsvhetaoa hs quh he ias ue`vhrs`-







11


zambs a iialar ia athec`óe pbr lhm`b mh shesac`beaihs cgapuchrìas, ghcgas cbe l`ras a bnthehr ia èmhphemhecà hcbeól`ca quh sh ehchs`ta para ias bnras lbeulhetaihs, y para ias cuaihs, cuaemb pbr fè iihda ia bpbrtue`mam, ganráe phrm`mb hi dustb y ia capac`mam. Ibs gblnrhs quh he su tranaob prbfhs`beai sh èthrhshe pbr aidÿe asphctb mh ia hcbeblìa b mh ia amlè`strac`óe, shrá capaz mh mhsarrbiiar sus `mhas sè hi m`staecàl`hetb acamàl`cb, quh suhih gachr aparhchr carheths mh rhai`slb ias bnras mh ibs hcbebl`stas ue`vhrs`tar`bs. Ibs làm`cbs themráe t`hlpb mh aprhemhr achrca mh ibs prbdrhsbs mh ia lhm`cèa: ibs lahstrbs eb iucgaráe mhshsphramalheth para heshñar pbr làtbmbs rutèar`bs cbsas quh aprhem`hrbe he su ouvhetum, y cuya faishmam puhmh ganhr s`mb mhlbstrama he hi èthrvaib. Sbnrh tbmb,

GAN^Á FHI@C@MAM P AIHD^ÌA MH V@V@^, HE IXDA^ MH EH^V@BS DAS]AMBS,

mh uea v`ma fhi`z, IIHDA^ÁE A SH^ LÁS NBEMAMBSBS P LHEBS @EB[B^]XEBS, y lhebs ècièambs a l`rar a ibs mhlás cbe susp`cacà. Ia af`c`óe a ia duhrra mhsaparhchrá, he parth pbr ia razóe quh aethchmh y he parth pbrquh supbeh ue iardb y murb tranaob para tbmbs.

HI NXHE CA^ÁC]H^ hs, MH ]BMAS IAS CXAI@MAMHS LBÂIHS, IA QXH LÁS EHCHS@]A HI LXEMB,

y hi nuhe carácthr hs ia CBESHCXHEC@A mh ia ]ÂEQX@I@MAM y ia SHDX^@MAM, eb mh uea v`ma mh armua iucga. Ibs làtbmbs mh prbmucc`óe lbmhrebs ebs gae mamb ia pbs`nì`mam mh ia paz y ia shdur`mam para tbmbs: ghlbs hihd`mb, he vhz mh hstb, HI HWCHSB MH ]ÂNAOB [AÂ XEBS P IA @EAE@C@ÓE [AÂ B]^BS. Gasta aquì, ghlbs s`mb tae act`vbs cblb ib àralbs aeths mh quh gun`hsh láquèas: he hstb, ghlbs s`mb uebs ehc`bs, phrb eb gay razóe para shdu`r s`hemb ehc`bs para s`hlprh.

Elogio de la Ociosidad - Bertrand Russell

Recommend Documents