Edip Guide FINAL v11 June 15 (Exams Dec15 Onwards)162015211114

September 2010

Guide to

the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management

Qualification title: NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management Management Version: 11 Specification date: September 2010 Guide publication date: June 2015 The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH), Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW. Registered Charity Number: 1010444 Telephone: Fax: Email: Website:

+44 (0) 116 263 4700 +44 (0) 116 282 4000 [email protected] www.nebosh.org.uk

© NEBOSH All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, mechanical, photocopied or otherwise, without the express permission in writing from NEBOSH.

© NEBOSH 2014 EDip v11 150515

Qualification title: NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management Management Version: 11 Specification date: September 2010 Guide publication date: June 2015 The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH), Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW. Registered Charity Number: 1010444 Telephone: Fax: Email: Website:

+44 (0) 116 263 4700 +44 (0) 116 282 4000 [email protected] www.nebosh.org.uk

© NEBOSH All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, mechanical, photocopied or otherwise, without the express permission in writing from NEBOSH.

© NEBOSH 2014 EDip v11 150515

Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) Contents

1.

Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19

2.

1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6

Qualification structure 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.8

3.

Benefits for employers Designatory letters Professional Profess ional membership Qualification Qualifica tion level and UK accreditation accredit ation Key topics covered Course tuition and private study time requirements requirements Entry requirements requirements Minimum standard of English required for candidates Legislation Legislati on Legislative updates National Occupational Standards (NOS) and best practice Qualification type Qualification progression Programmes offered by NEBOSH-accredited course providers Examination dates Specification date Syllabus development and review Further information for candidates Further information for accredited course providers

Unit assessment Achieving the overall qualification Unit pass standard Unit certificates Qualification grade Qualification parchments Re-sitting unit/s

7 7 7 8 8 8 9

Policies 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Requests for access arrangements/reasonabl arrangements/reasonable e adjustments Requests for special consideration consideration Enquiries about results and appeals Malpractice

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4. Syllabus - NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) 12 4.1

Unit ED1: Management of environmental environmental risk Element 1: Element 2: Element 3: Element 4: Element 5: Element 6: Element 7: Element 8: Element 9: Element 10: Element 11: Element 12: Element 13: Element 14: Element 15:

Principles of environmental risk management Environmental Environment al risk evaluation Control strategies for environmental environmental risk Monitoring, review and audit Developments in environmental environment al legislation Environmental Environment al legislative framework and methods of enforcement Public access to environmental environment al information Civil liability in relation to environmental environmenta l pollution Solid and liquid wastes Gaseous and particulate particulat e releases to atmosphere Water resources management management Control of environmental nuisance Hazardous substances substance s Environmental Environment al implications of development and land use Energy use and efficiency efficien cy Tutor References

14 17 18 20 21 22 24 25 26 28 30 32 33 34 36 37

4.2 Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 5.

Purpose and aim Marking Assessment location Submission of completed work Further information

47 47 48 48 48

Sample question paper 5.1

Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification)

1.

Introduction

The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is designed for individuals with responsibilities for the management of environmental risk in relation to the damage caused by work work activities. It will be invaluable invaluable for managers taking taking on environmental environmental responsibilities and those aiming to develop and implement effective environmental management management systems within within their organisations. organisations. Since its launch in 1992, 1992, nearly 2900 candidates have achieved the Environmental Diploma. It is designed to provide the specialist knowledge and understanding combined with the application of the expertise that underpins competent performance within environmental management. management. It also provides a sound basis basis for progression to further further study to MSc level. The syllabus and means of assessment described in this Guide were introduced in 1992, revised in 2001, 2003 and 2008 and updated in 2010 to take account of current developments in environmental management.

1.1

Benefits for employers

The importance of the effect of business activities on the environment has long been acknowledged. acknowledged. Until relatively relatively recently, business business activities were were generally thought thought to be in conflict with environmental constraints, but many companies, irrespective of size or type of business, now recognise that a more efficient use of resources can bring substantial cost savings (eg, raw materials, waste disposal, energy and transport). A 2003 report “Benefits of Greener Business” (Cambridge Econometrics Econometrics and AEA Technology) estimated £2-3 billion could be saved in annual operating costs by UK companies investing in best practice techniques for waste minimisation (around 1-2% of total UK manufacturing value and 5-7% of sector profits in 2000). Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) research in 2005 indicated an additional £1.8 billion could be saved by business through energy efficiency. efficien cy. Data compiled by Envirowise in 2005, found UK companies could cut water consumption by 30% by adopting some simple and inexpensive inexpensive efficiency ef ficiency measures. By reducing the environmental impact of their activities companies can potentially give themselves a significant significant edge over their competitors. competitors. Many consumers consumers are prepared to pay a premium for for environmentally environmentally friendly products: A 2006 CoCo-Operative Operative Bank survey of ‘eco‘eco friendly’ spending in the UK, showed a record spending level of £29.4bn, overtaking the £28bn spent annually on alcohol and cigarettes. The Scottish Government’s Scottish Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours Survey 2008 (SEABS’08) found that despite the backdrop of economic uncertainty, 57% of the 3,000 people surveyed saw climate change as an immediate concern and 48% believed that everyday behaviour behaviour and and lifestyle contributes contributes to climate climate change. change. The survey also also noted evidence of changes in attitudes being reflected in behaviour, eg, 84% making use of kerbside paper recycling facilities, 63% using energy-saving light bulbs and around 45% buying Fair Trade products regularly. regularly. In recent years there has been progressive development and implementation of environmental environment al legislation legislati on applicable throughout EU member states. For example, The SEABS’08 survey noted that: “In past few years, few years, the environment has re-emerged as a key issue on the Scottish political agenda, with the focus of debate on climate change.”

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) In December 2008, the Scottish Government published the Climate Change (Scotland) Bill, which included a statutory target to reduce emissions by 80% by 2050. The overall UK target is a 60% cut by 2050. Planning ahead to take account of new environmental standards and legislation can minimise the costs of modifying or replacing equipment and updating working practices. Increasingly, business partners prefer to deal with environmentally responsible companies. Banks, insurers and other sources of finance may avoid businesses that do not take environmental matters seriously and expose themselves to unnecessary environmental risk. Those that are considered environmentally aware may benefit from better access to capital and lower insurance premiums. The business impact of environmental incidents is also compelling: in addition to the direct cost of sick pay and absence, employers can find themselves dealing with criminal prosecution, claims for compensation, adverse publicity and harm to both business reputation and profitability. Failure to act in an environmentally responsible manner can bring businesses into conflict with the local community, pressure groups and other employers. A 2004 DEFRA survey of the environmental sector found the UK employs over 400,000 people (over double the numbers in 2002) in 17,000 companies (up 7,000 over the same period) and has an annual turnover of £25 billion (from £16 billion in 2002). These figures are even larger when considering the 500,000 volunteer workers in environmental and landbased organisations and the 1 million employees working for the food chain and rural sectors, which use about 80 per cent of the UK’s total landmass. Driven by tighter environmental regulation, increased development and scarce natural resources, the UK market for environmental industries is likely to grow to £34 billion in 2010 and on to £46 billion by 2015. The global market in environmental goods and services is expected to rise from £278 billion to £410 billion by 2015. The International Energy Agency predicts that £8 trillion of investment in new energy sources will be required over the next 15 years (Statistics: Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management - CIWEM).

1.2

Designatory letters

Holders of the NEBOSH National Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety may use the designatory letters ‘EnvDipNEBOSH’ after their name.

1.3

Professional membership

The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is accepted as meeting the qualification requirements for non-chartered Member (MCIWEM) of the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM - www.ciwem.org), for holders achieving the overall qualification from 1 February 2009 onwards. Progression to chartered membership (MCIWEM C.WEM) is a further opportunity. It is also accepted by the International Institute of Risk and Safety Management (IIRSM www.iirsm.org) as meeting the academic requirements for Specialist membership (SIIRSM). In addition, diplomates will have the opportunity to attend the annual NEBOSH Diploma Graduation ceremony.

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1.4

Qualification level and UK accreditation

The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is accredited and credit rated by the Scottish Qualifications Authority Accreditation (SQA – http://accreditation.sqa.org.uk). It is rated within the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF - www.scqf.org.uk) at SCQF Level 10 with 19 SCQF credit points. For users in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, this is comparable to a VocationallyRelated Qualification (VRQ) at Level 6 within the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) and Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF), or Honours Degree standard. For further information regarding UK qualification levels, please refer to the “Qualifications can cross boundaries” comparison chart issued by the UK regulators, available at the SQA Accreditation website (http://accreditation.sqa.org.uk).

1.5

Key topics covered



Principles of managing and controlling environmental risk



Implementation of environmental management systems



Environmental legislation, enforcement and civil liability



Dealing with key environmental hazards and resources



Practical application of knowledge and understanding via a workplace-based project

1.6

Course tuition and private study time requirements

Unit ED1: 113 hours tuition and 47 hours private study Unit ED2: 6 hours tuition and 24 hours private study

Total: 160 hours Total: 30 hours

A programme of study therefore needs to be based around a minimum of 119 taught hours and approximately 71 hours of private study for an overall total of 190 Hours. A full-time block release course would be expected to last for a minimum of fifteen working days and a part-time day release course would be spread over at least fifteen weeks. For candidates studying by open or distance learning, the tuition hours should be added to the recommended private study hours to give the minimum number of hours that this mode of study will require. Quoted hours do not include assessment time, ie, sitting written examinations or the practical application unit (see 1.6).

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1.7

Entry requirements

There are no specific barriers, in terms of academic qualifications, skills or experience to entry to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management programme. However, it should be noted that currently the assessments are offered, and must be answered, in English only. The qualification includes a requirement to complete an environmental audit proforma and write a report of approximately 4000 words based on the candidate’s own workplace; the proforma and report must be completed in English. Candidates should discuss this with the accredited course provider before undertaking the qualification.

1.8

Minimum standard of English required for candidates

The standard of English required by candidates studying for the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management must be such that they can both understand and articulate the concepts contained in the syllabus. It is important to stress that the onus is on accredited course provider s to determine their candidates’ standards of proficiency in English. NEBOSH recommends to accredited course providers that candidates undertaking this qualification should reach a minimum standard of English equivalent to an International English Language Testing System score of 7.0 or higher in IELTS tests in order to be accepted onto a National Diploma in Environmental Management programme. For further information please see the latest version of the IELTS Handbook or consult the IELTS website: http://www.ielts.org/institutions/test_format_and_results.aspx Candidates wishing to assess their own language expertise may consult the IELTS website for information on taking the test: http://www.ielts.org/institutions/faqs.aspx

1.9

Legislation

The syllabus refers to UK legislation. Where the syllabus refers to the legislative systems of England, Wales and Scotland, candidates may refer to the legislative systems and requirements that apply in Northern Ireland, provided that these references are clearly indicated as such. If this qualification is delivered overseas, accredited course providers may refer t o examples of local legislation as part of the course programme but examination questions will refer to UK legislation only.

1.10 Legislative updates Relevant new legislation will become examinable in detail six months after its date of introduction. However, candidates will be expected to be essentially up-to-date at the time of the examination and, whilst a detailed knowledge will not be expected, reference to new or impending legislation, where relevant to an examination question, will be given credit. Please note, NEBOSH will not ask questions related to legislation that has been repealed, revoked or otherwise superseded.

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) NB: Accredited course providers are expected to ensure their course notes remain current with regard to new legislation.

1.11 National Occupational Standards (NOS) and best practice The syllabus is mapped to the relevant National Occupational Standard (NOS): 

NOS for Environmental Awareness and Management (December 2009), published by Lantra Sector Skills Council (www.lantra.co.uk)

The mapping of the syllabus units to each NOS can be found on pages 12-13.

1.12 Qualification type NEBOSH offers Vocationally-Related Qualifications (VRQs) in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. VRQs provide the knowledge and practical skills required for particular job roles through a structured study-based training programme, that combine the testing of knowledge and understanding in written examinations with practical application of learning in the workplace. VRQs are a popular type of qualification because they are nationally recognised, flexible and offer routes for progression to employment or further study. In Scotland, VRQs are known as ‘Other accredited qualifications’.

1.13 Qualification progression Environmental Diploma holders with Health and Safety responsibilities may consider the NEBOSH National or International Diplomas in Occupational Health and Safety. In addition, students who have achieved the NEBOSH Environmental Diploma may be considering further study. A number of universities offer MSc programs which accept the NEBOSH Environmental Diploma as a full or partial entry requirement. Some MSc courses may require additional qualifications/expertise such as a degree, further significant work experience or expect students to complete specific modules, eg, in environmental management. Further information can be found on our website: www.nebosh.org.uk/qualifications

1.14 Programmes offered by NEBOSH-accredited course providers Accredited course providers can be located using the ‘Where to study’ tab on our website: www.nebosh.org.uk NB: Candidates are advised to check up-to-date information on course dates with accredited course providers directly.

1.15 Examination dates ‘Standard’ examination dates for this qualification are available in June and December annually. On-demand examinations are not available to course providers for this qualification. © NEBOSH 2015

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1.16 Specification date The September 2010 specification for this qualification replaced the previous March 2008 specification for all examinations from (and including) 1 June 2011. The current revisions to the syllabus (version 11 and onwards of this Guide) take effect from 1 June 2015 and the new content will be examinable from 1 December 2015.

1.17 Syllabus development and review The syllabus has been developed by NEBOSH following extensive consultation with key stakeholders, notably accredited course providers, professional bodies, employers, standards setting organisations, enforcement bodies and subject experts. NEBOSH would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who participated in the development, piloting and implementation of this qualification.

1.18 Further information for candidates Further information for candidates including a syllabus summary, qualification overview leaflet, a sample examiner’s report and guidance regarding the project unit can be found via the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

1.19 Further information for accredited course providers Further information for accredited course providers including policies and procedures and guidance on the project unit can be found in the accredited course providers ’ section of the NEBOSH website.

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2.

Qualification structure

2.1

Unit assessment

The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is divided into two units. Both units are mandatory and there are no optional units. Candidates may choose to take one or both units at the same time or at different times. Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk 



Unit ED1 is a taught unit, assessed by a three-hour written examination Each written examination consists of eight ‘long-answer’ questions (20 marks each) from which candidates must choose five questions to answer



Candidate scripts are marked by external examiners appointed by NEBOSH



A sample examination paper can be found in Section 5.

Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice 

Unit ED2 consists of a workplace-based project set by NEBOSH



Approximately 4,000 words in length





The project is internally assessed by the accredited course provider and externally moderated by NEBOSH Course providers submit projects to NEBOSH for moderation by 31 January and 31 July each year.

NEBOSH applies best practise in relation to assessment setting and marking. NEBOSH uses external assessment for written examinations and assignments: scripts are sent to NEBOSH and undergo rigorous marking, checking and results determination processes to ensure accuracy and consistency.

2.2

Achieving the qualification

Candidates must pass both units within a two year period to achieve the qualification. The two years commences from the result declaration date of the first successful unit. NB: The weighting of the units when calculating the overall mark for this qualification is 75% for the written examination (ED1) and 25% for the project (ED2), see 2.6 for further details.

2.3

Unit pass standard

The pass standard for each unit may vary according to pre-determined criteria but is normalised to 45% for the written paper (ED1) and 60% for the project unit (ED2).

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2.4

Unit certificates

Candidates who are successful in an individual unit will be issued with a unit certificate, normally within 40 working days of the issue of the result notification. Units are not graded and the unit certificates will show a ‘Pass’ only.

2.5

Qualification grade

When candidates have been awarded a unit certificate for both units (ie, have achieved a Pass in units ED1 and ED2), the overall qualification grade is determined by the weighted results of the two units. The weighting factors are as follows: (i)

examination (Unit ED1) - 75%

(ii)

project (Unit ED2) - 25%

The overall mark is calculated using this formula to produce an overall percentage: [examination mark x 0.75] + [project mark x 0.25]. The overall calculation may produce a fraction of a percentage. A fraction of 0.5 or above will be rounded up to the nearest whole percentage and a fraction of less than 0.5 will be rounded down to the nearest whole percentage. Pass:

Up to 59%, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the project (Unit ED2)

Credit:

60% - 69%, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the project (Unit ED2)

Distinction:

70% or more, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the project (Unit ED2)

2.6

Qualification parchment

Once a candidate has achieved a Pass in both units and the qualification grade has been awarded, the candidate is normally considered to have completed the qualification. A qualification parchment will be issued, within 40 working days of the result declaration date for the second successfully completed unit. However, once the result of the second successfully completed unit has been issued the candidate has 20 working days from the date of issue of that result to either: 



Inform NEBOSH in writing of their intention to re-sit a successful unit for the purposes of improving a grade Submit an Enquiry About Result (EAR) request (see Section 3.3).

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2.8

Re-sitting unit/s

If a candidate’s performance in a unit is lower than a pass, candidates may re -register to resit just the unit in which they have been unsuccessful providing that they re-sit within two years of the sitting of the first successful unit. Candidates should take this to mean from the result declaration date for their first successful unit. Candidates who wish to improve the mark for a unit they have successfully passed in order to improve their qualification grading to a credit or distinction, may do so providing that they re-sit the examination within two years of the sitting of the first successful attempt. Any candidate who re-sits a successful unit, and does not surpass their original mark, eg, is referred in the paper, will keep the original mark awarded. Re-sit marks are not capped. There is no limit to the number of re-sits within this two year period. Candidates who register for any unit of the National Diploma in Environmental Management whilst awaiting a result from a previous sitting of an examination for the same qualification may not seek a refund of the registration fee if they retrospectively claim exemption from any part of the qualification, subsequent to the issue of the awaited result.

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3.

Policies

3.1

Requests for access arrangements/reasonable adjustments

Access arrangements and reasonable adjustments are modifications which are approved in advance of an assessment to allow attainment to be demonstrated by candidates with either a permanent or long-term disability or learning difficulty, or temporary disability, illness or indisposition. Requests for access arrangements or reasonable adjustments must be made to NEBOSH by accredited course providers at least one month before t he assessment. For further details see the NEBOSH “Policy and procedures for access arrangements, reasonable adjustments and special consideration” available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

3.2

Requests for special consideration

Special consideration is a procedure that may result in an adjustment to the marks of candidates who have not been able to demonstrate attainment because of temporary illness, injury, indisposition or an unforeseen incident at the time of the assessment. Candidates who feel disadvantaged due to illness, distraction or any other reason during the assessment must report this to the invigilator (or the accredited course provider in the case of a practical examination) before leaving the examination room and request that their written statement, together with the invigilator’s comments on the statement, be sent by the accredited course provider to NEBOSH. Requests for special consideration must be made to NEBOSH by the accredited course provider as soon as possible and no more than seven working days after the assessment. For further details see the NEBOSH “Policy and procedures on reasonable adjustments and special consideration” available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

3.3

Enquiries about results and appeals

NEBOSH applies detailed and thorough procedures to moderate and check assessment results before they are issued. It thereby ensures that the declared results are a fair and equitable reflection of the standard of performance by candidates. There are, however, procedures for candidates or accredited course providers to enquire about results that do not meet their reasonable ex pectations. An ‘enquiry about result’ (EAR) must be made in writing within one month of the date of issue of the result to which it relates. For details see the NEBOSH “Enquiries and appeals policy and procedures” document available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

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3.4

Malpractice

Malpractice is defined as any deliberate activity, neglect, default or other practice by candidates and/or accredited course providers that compromises the integrity of the assessment process, and/or the validity of certificates. Malpractice may include a range of issues from collusion or use of unauthorised material by candidates, to the failure to maintain appropriate records or systems by accredited course providers, to the deliberate falsification of records in order to claim certificates. Failure by an accredited course provider to deal with identified issues may in itself constitute malpractice. For further details see the NEBOSH “Malpractice policy and procedures” document available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

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4.

Syllabus - NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification)

Structure The qualification is divided into two units. Unit ED1 is further divided into fifteen elements. The matrix below indicates how the syllabus elements map to the relevant National Occupational Standards (See also section 1.11): 

NOS for Environmental Awareness and Management (December 2009), published by Lantra Sector Skills Council (www.lantra.co.uk).


Element Number

Element Title

Recommended hours

Relevant Lantra NOS units and elements

Page

1

Principles of environmental risk management

9

EM3-4, 6, 8, 15

14

2

Environmental risk evaluation

9

EM3-6, 11-14

17

3

Control strategies for environmental risks

7

EM1-10

19

4

Monitoring, review and audit

5

EM5-10

21

5

Developments in environmental legislation

5

EM4

23

6

Environmental legislative framework and methods of enforcement

7

EM4

25

7

Public access to environmental information

5

EM4, 8

27

8

Civil liability in relation to environmental pollution

5

EM4-5

29

9

Solid and liquid wastes

13

EM4, 6-8, 15

31

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10

Gaseous and particulate releases to atmosphere

13

EM4, 6-8, 15

35

11

Water resources management

10

EM4, 6-8, 15

37

12

Control of environmental nuisance

5

EM4, 6-8, 15

40

13

Hazardous substances

6

EM4, 6-8, 15

42

14

Environmental implications of development and land use

8

EM1-4, 11, 14

45

15

Energy use and efficiency

6

EM 3-4, 9-10

48

Minimum unit tuition time

113

Recommended private study time

47


Element Number

Element Title

Recommended hours

Relevant Lantra NOS units and elements

Page

1

Management of environmental risk

6

EM 1-15

50

Minimum unit tuition time

6

Recommended private study time

24

Minimum total tuition time

1 19

Recommended total private study time

71

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4.1

Unit ED1:

Element 1:

Management of environmental risk

Principles of environmental risk management

Learning outcomes On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able to: 1.1

Explain the earth’s natural cycles and how the principles of sustainability are being adopted

1.2

Explain the reasons for managing environmental risk

1.3

Explain the principles of environmental hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control.

Content 1.1

Natural cycles and sustainability 

Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles



Hydrological cycle



Ecology and the importance of biodiversity



Current definitions of sustainability

-

1.2

the importance of sustainability and resource efficiency in decision making design, construction and resource efficiency with sustainability as an objective precautionary principle, polluter pays as examples of drivers for sustainability the use of fiscal measures to drive change the Government’s National Strategy on Sustainable Development in England and Wales and Choosing our future: Scotland's sustainable development strategy .

Reasons for managing environmental risk Moral – duty of care; society’s attitude to environmental issues; sustainable development; ethical issues Legal – the preventative (by enforcement notices, permits etc), punitive (through criminal sanctions), and compensatory effects of law Economic – direct and indirect costs associated with environmental pollution, environmental taxation (pros and cons), supply chain pressures, ethical investment, relations with regulatory bodies and local communities.







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1.3

Principles of environmental hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control 

Direct effects on the health and safety of people outside the workplace:

- hazardous substances - fire and explosion - radiation 

Indirect effects on the health and safety of people outside the workplace:

- food and drinking water safety - pesticides - global, regional and local environmental effects 

Effects on quality of life:



Effects on plants, animals and natural systems:



nuisances such as noise, dust and odour visual amenity transport effects wastes from consumer products (packaging)

composition and dynamics of communities and ecosystems

Assessment of environmental risks:

-

data on environmental problems sources of information and advice on environmental risks use of environmental monitoring data to evaluate risk use of biological indicators to evaluate risk uses and limitations of external data sources awareness of the relationships between source, pathway and receptor when assessing environmental risk



Control strategies for environmental risks



Risk control measures:



technical, eg, selection of location, selection and efficient use of raw materials and energy sources, process design, pollution control systems procedural, eg, systems of work, maintenance behavioural, eg, information and training for employees, information for the public

Factors affecting choice of control measures:

- long term/short term - applicability - practicability - cost. 

Possible conflicts between protection of workers and protection of the environment; reconciliation of such conflicts

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) 

Definitions of:

- aspect - impact - sustainability. R ec o m m e n d e d t u i t i o n t i m e n o t l e s s t h a n 9 h o u r s

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Element 2:

Environmental risk evaluation


Evaluate risks to the environment arising from workplace activities and substances released to the environment

2.2

Identify when an environmental assessment is required and understand the processes underlying preparation of environmental assessments and submission of a formal Environmental Statement.

Content 2.1

Evaluate risks to the environment 

Cost benefit analysis



Environmental modelling



Cradle-to-grave concept Principles and techniques of life cycle analysis

Assessment of environmental toxicity

2.2

Principles and application of environmental modelling Limitations of environmental modelling

Life cycle analysis



Cost benefit analysis as applied to environmental risks

The meaning of Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) Principles of environmental toxicity and ecotoxicity testing.

Environmental assessment 

Environmental impact assessment



screening of projects requiring formal Environmental Assessment procedures for scoping, preparation and submission of formal Environmental statements strategic Environmental Assessment; circumstances for its use, the role, process and links with EIA

General requirements and processes for assessment of environmental risk

-

use of risk assessments undertaken under health and safety law for environmental management.

R ec o m m e n d e d t u i t i o n t i m e n o t l e s s t h a n 9 h o u r s

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Element 3:

Control strategies for environmental risk


Describe appropriate risk control measures

3.2

Explain a systematic approach to environmental risk management

3.3

Describe the requirements of emergency plans for their organisation, including their development, monitoring and maintenance.

Content 3.1

Risk control measures 







3.2

Factors to be considered in selection of the best solution for an organisation based on relevant risk Identification of control options under the hierarchy of elimination, substitution, reduction or control Assessment to determine the Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO) Assessment of control systems to determine the Best Available Techniques (BAT) and the importance of an integrated approach to pollution control.

Systematic approach to environmental risk management 

Explanation of environmental management systems (EMS) (BS EN ISO 14000 series, EMAS) and BS8555; quality management systems (BS EN ISO 9000 series); total quality management and health and safety management systems (HSG65, OHSAS 18001); discussion of arguments for and against integration



The steps in implementing an EMS; involving the stakeholders



Establishing objectives and targets for environmental management performance



Development of environmental policy statements



Using EMS to drive continuous improvement



Supply chain management



Business benefits of EMS.

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) 3.3

Development, monitoring and maintenance of emergency plans 

An understanding of the need for emergency preparedness within an organisation



On-site and off-site emergency planning



Legal requirements



Practising emergency plans, desktop etc.


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Element 4:

Monitoring, review and audit


Describe appropriate indicators that may reflect an organisation’s environmental management performance

4.2

Describe appropriate monitoring techniques and differentiate between active (proactive) monitoring and reactive monitoring.

Content 4.1

Performance Indicators Environmental management performance indicators, including incidents, emissions, waste, water, energy, transport and travel, carbon dioxide and carbon (measurement conversion).



4.2

Monitoring techniques 

Active and reactive monitoring:

-



active monitoring measures including the monitoring of performance standards and criteria and the systematic inspection of the workplace use of environmental inspections and their roles within a monitoring regime reactive monitoring measures including data on incidents, near misses, emissions, waste, water and energy; complaints by workforce and neighbours; and enforcement action

Workplace inspections:

-

-

role of inspections; factors governing frequency and type of inspection; competence of inspector; use of checklists; allocation of responsibilities and priorities for action the requirements for effective report writing (style, structure, emphasis, persuasiveness, etc).

Auditing:



-

scope and purpose of auditing environmental management systems; distinction between audits and inspections pre-audit preparations, information gathering, notifications and interviews responsibility for audits advantages and disadvantages of external and internal, in-house and proprietary, environmental audit systems the range of environmental audit applications, including due-diligence audits, compliance audits, management system audits and single issue audits (eg, waste and energy).


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Element 5:

Developments in environmental legislation


Describe the factors which have influenced the development of environmental law in the UK during the second half of the 20th century and the first part of the 21st century

5.2

Describe the status and procedures for the creation of UK Acts and Regulations

5.3

Describe the arrangements for implementing EC Directives in UK law.

Content 5.1

Development of environmental law in the UK 









5.2

Development of prescriptive legislation in response to environmental problems Clean Air Acts, Control of Pollution Act 1974 Development of ‘framework’ Acts - Environmental Protection Act 1990, Water Resources Act 1991, Water Industry Act 1991, Climate Change Act 2008 Development of environmental taxation: landfill tax and aggregates levy - Finance Act 1996 and 2001 Effects of international agreements and treaties on UK environmental law The role of the European Union in influencing UK law and its direct impact on organisations and people.

Creation of UK Acts and Regulations 

The environmental legislative framework:



5.3

Acts of Parliament, Regulations, Orders

The purpose, role and status of Approved Codes of Practice, Environment Agency guidance, Scottish Executive guidance and general guidance material.

Arrangements for implementing EC Directives in UK law 

Influence of the European Union on UK law



Legal standing in member states of EC Directives and Regulations



Principle of precedence.


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Element 6: Environmental legislative framework and methods of enforcement Learning outcomes On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able to: 6.1

Explain the statutory obligations imposed on the organisation by the Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 and its associated Regulations

6.2

Describe the powers of inspectors, different types of enforcement action and their implications.

Content 6.1

Statutory obligations 







The Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 (PPC Act), The Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (and amendment regulations), Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2012 and associated legislation Development and application of Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) Relationship between PPC and the regulation of water pollution, air pollution, waste, land, energy, natural reserves and noise Structure and application of regulations to implement PPC

BAT.



6.2

Powers of inspectors, different types of enforcement action 



The roles of the Environment Agency / Scottish Environment Protection Agency / Northern Ireland Environment Agency / Natural Resources Wales Enforcement authorities:



authorities empowered to enforce environmental legislation division of responsibilities between enforcing authorities powers of enforcing authorities and their inspectors

Enforcement of environmental law:

-

-

offences under EPA, PPC Act, Water Resources Act 1991 and Water Industries Act 1991; Environmental Damage/Liability (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations. In Scotland, for example: Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2011; The Public Health etc. (Scotland) Act 2008; and Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003; Public Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations 2014 procedures for appeal against decisions of inspectors and enforcing authorities options for enforcement action: prosecution - summary, indictable (or solemn in Scotland) and hybrid offences; civil sanctions.

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-

notices: prohibition and enforcement notices, their status and grounds for, and effects of, appeal against them other forms of notice: formal cautions, abatement, stop, suspension, revocation, variation, remediation, Anti-pollution works, restoration, compliance maximum penalties on conviction in Magistrates’ and Crown Courts (in Scotland Summary and Solemn Courts) other penalties: fixed monetary penalties, variable monetary penalties, enforcement undertaking, non-compliance penalties, enforcement cost recovery.


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Element 7:

Public access to environmental information


Explain the format and content of information that is available to the public that is relevant to an organisation’s environmental performance

7.2

Describe the activities of Non-governmental organisations in making information available to the public

7.3

Review methods of presenting information performance in publicly available reports.

on

environmental

management

Content 7.1

7.2

Information available to the public 

Legal requirements affecting provision of information to the public



Legal provisions affecting access by the public to environmental information



Development and scope of public registers



Development of the Pollutant Release Inventories.

Activities of Non-governmental organisations 

The role of:

- Friends of the Earth - Greenpeace - Royal Society for the Protection of Birds - National Trust/National Trust for Scotland as appropriate - Environmental Protection UK (previously known as National Association of 7.3

Clean Air and Environmental Protection) professional bodies the media.

Presentation of information on environmental management performance 

Development and content of corporate reports on environmental performance; company and site annual reporting; producing and presenting meaningful information; benchmarking and the use of indicators



Identification of key stakeholders and developing relationships



Environmental labelling.


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Element 8:

Civil liability in relation to environmental pollution


Identify the duties owed in common law by organisations and occupiers of land in respect of environmental pollution

8.2

Explain the legal principles of decided cases and civil action.

Content 8.1

Duties owed and defences in common law 



8.2

Torts of negligence, breach of statutory duty, trespass and nuisance The duties owed by organisations and occupiers of land in respect of negligence, breach of statutory duty, trespass, nuisance and the rul e of ‘Rylands v Fletcher’ arising from environmental pollution.

Legal principles of civil action and decided cases 

Civil action



damage for which tortfeasor is liable, damage of foreseeable type, date of knowledge of risk, remoteness meaning of strict liability and interpretation in recent rulings strengths and weaknesses of a civil action founded on negligence, breach of statutory duty, trespass, nuisance or ‘Rylands v Fletcher’ differences in Scottish law in respect of nuisance and strict liability.

Decided cases

-

-

-

-

Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330 “that the person who for his own purposes brings on his lands and collects and keeps there anything likely to do mischief if it escapes, must keep it in at his peril, and, if he does not do so, is prima facie answerable for all the damage which is the natural consequence of its escape” Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc (1994) 1 All ER 53; [1994] 2 WLR 53; [1994] 2 AC 264; [1993] UKHL 12 development of rule in Rylands v Fletcher; liability does not apply retrospectively in absence of foreseeability of harm Hunter and Others v Canary Wharf Limited and Hunter & Others v London Docklands Corporation (1997), the right to bring an action in nuisance is related to ownership Margereson and Hancock v J W Roberts Ltd (1996) The Times 17.4.9; extension of liability to cover community exposure.


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Element 9:

Solid and liquid wastes


Describe wastes and effluents and determine their category

9.2

Explain the relevant legal requirements for the management of waste and effluent

9.3

Describe strategies for monitoring waste and effluents

9.4

Describe strategies for minimising waste and effluents

9.5

Identify appropriate control strategies and measures for solid and liquid wastes.

Content 9.1

Waste categories 



Principal categories of liquid waste discharged to municipal wastewater treatment plants: trade effluent, special category effluent



Classification of waste - List of Wastes



Specific legal requirements applying to each category of waste



9.2

Principal categories of waste: controlled, non-hazardous, hazardous, special (Scotland), clinical and radioactive

Legal requirements for specific types of waste including; waste food, dry recyclable waste, waste electrical and electronic equipment; waste batteries and accumulators; vehicles (end of life).

Legal requirements 

Application to waste of the Duty of Care



Hazardous waste producer registration



Transportation of waste; registration of waste carriers; brokers and dealers



Licensing or authorisation requirements for waste management operations, including storage, treatment and disposal; main exemptions from waste management licensing or authorisation



Offences for waste management



Landfill disposal: Hazardous and non-hazardous landfill, landfill taxation.

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9.4

Monitoring waste and effluents 

Sampling and analysis of liquid effluents: grab sampling, continuous monitoring



Sampling and analysis of solid waste



Monitoring of leachate and landfill gas



Guidance on the management of landfill gas, published by EA and SEPA.

Minimising waste and effluents 

Principles of waste minimisation and the waste hierarchy:

Prevention



Minimisation



Re-use



- recycling - composting - energy recovery. Disposal





9.5

Responsibilities under the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations 2007 and amendment regulations.

Control strategies and measures for solid and liquid wastes 







The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies that can be applied to eliminate or, where not possible, reduce or render harmless solid or liquid wastes at source Landfill: the principles of site selection, behaviour of wastes, site management controls Waste and effluent treatment: the principles of chemical, physical and biological treatment techniques Incineration: the principles of design technology, behaviour of waste.

R ec o m m e n d e d t u i t i o n t i m e n o t l e s s t h an 1 3 h o u r s

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Element 10:

Gaseous and atmosphere

particulate

releases

to


Describe the characteristics of emissions to the atmosphere and assess whether emissions are likely to be subject to specific legal requirements

10.2

Explain the relevant legal requirements for the management of emissions to atmosphere

10.3

Describe strategies for monitoring atmospheric emissions

10.4

Describe appropriate control strategies and measures for releases to atmosphere.

Content 10.1

Emissions to the atmosphere 



10.2

Types of substances that are prescribed for release to the atmosphere and types of prescribed processes



Classification of smoke: dark smoke, black smoke



Air Quality Objectives and Air Quality Standards.

Legal requirements 







10.3

Types of emission: gaseous, vapour, mist, fume, smoke, dust, grit, fibre

Duties of operators of prescribed processes for: Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control and Air Pollution Control; furnaces; processes permitted as radioactive substances activities under Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 or the Radioactive Substances Act 1993 Duties of the Secretary of State and local authorities under the Air Quality Regulations 2000 and the Environment Act 1995, Part IV Offences under the Clean Air Act 1993 The function of the Committee on Climate Change Duties in respect of management of ozone depleting substances and fluorinated greenhouse gases.

Strategies for monitoring atmospheric emission 



Sampling principles: grab sampling, continuous monitoring, isokinetic sampling, in-situ or extractive monitoring, remote sensing; Technical Guidance Notes M1 and M2; BS 1747; BS 1756 Principles of gravimetric analysis, microscopic analysis, gas liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, chemiluminescence, electrochemical cells and UV/IR spectrometry.

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Control strategies and measures 



The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies which can be applied to eliminate, or where not possible, reduce or render harmless emissions to the atmosphere; selection of appropriate control options for different types of substance The general philosophy and application of emission standards and air quality standards relevant to air quality management.


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Element 11:

Water resources management


Describe the framework in which water is managed within the UK

11.2

Describe the characteristics of polluting substances released to water and assess whether releases are subject to specific legal requirements

11.3

Explain the relevant legal requirements for the prevention or control of discharges to, or abstraction from, controlled waters

11.4

Identify appropriate controls for strategies and methods for prevention and control of discharges of polluting matter to controlled waters.

Content 11.1

11.2

Framework in which water is managed 

Water management framework



River Basin Management Plans.

Polluting substances released to water 

Categorisation of effluents discharged to controlled waters



Designation of controlled waters and water protection zones



11.3

Surface water classification systems; water quality objectives and water quality standards



Types of substances that are prescribed for release to controlled waters



The UK Red List and its relationship to the EU Black and Grey Lists



Principal types of water pollutants



Chemical, physical and biological properties.

Discharges to, or abstraction from, controlled waters 







Discharge consent procedures for trade effluent and Red List substances released to surface waters and groundwater Duties of operators of prescribed processes Duties to prevent pollution, including prevention of pollution from fire-fighting water runoff Cost recovery by the Environment Agency

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11.4

Effect of a ‘works notice’ under sections 161A to 161D of the Water Resources Act 1991



Duties in respect of water abstraction licences or impounding licences



Offences under water pollution law.

Controls 

The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies which can be applied to eliminate or, where not possible, reduce or render harmless releases of polluting matter to controlled waters.


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Element 12:

Control of environmental nuisance


Describe the characteristics of noise and advise on measurement and assessment of environmental noise levels

12.2

Describe control strategies and methods for the control of environmental nuisance with reference to relevant legal requirements.

Content 12.1

Characteristics, measurement and assessment of environmental noise 

12.2

Basic acoustics: pressure, frequency, amplitude, intensity, power; weighting scales; percentile sound levels; equivalent continuous sound pressure level



Measurement of environmental noise



Assessment of environmental noise and potential for complaint - BS 4142:2014.

Control of environmental nuisance 















Legislative requirements and guidance applying to environmental noise and nuisance. (including differences in Scottish law in respect of nuisance and strict liability) Duties in respect of construction and demolition noise; BS 5228:-1:2009 (amended 2014)

Duties in respect of noise emissions from industrial premises Noise mapping and action plans with reference to the Environmental Noise Regulations 2006 Definition of statutory nuisance Duties under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, Part III in respect of statutory nuisance Offences relating to statutory nuisance The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies that can be applied to control noise emissions at source, through propagation and at the receptor.


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Element 13:

Hazardous substances


Describe the environmental aspects of the legal requirements affecting supply, storage, use and transport of hazardous substances

13.2

Identify the legislation affecting use of pesticides.

Content 13.1

Supply, storage, use and transport of hazardous substances 









13.2

Legislation applying to supply, storage, use and transport of hazardous substances Classification of hazardous substances, including substances hazardous to the environment Prohibitions and restrictions affecting supply and use of hazardous substances Requirements for notification, permits and marking of sites where hazardous substances are present Transport by road under the Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations 2009 Legislation affecting use of pesticides





Legislation applying to the control of pesticides Duties under the Food and Environment Protection Act 1985 and the Control of Pesticides Regulations, the Plant Protection Products Regulations and the Plant Protection Products (Sustainable Use) Regulations covering approval of pesticides and certificates of competence.


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Element 14:

Environmental implications of development and land use


Explain the environmental aspects of developing and managing land

14.2

Identify hazards and assess risks associated with contamination of soil and groundwater and advise management on the options for remedial treatment.

Content 14.1

Developing and managing land 







14.2

Classification and protection of the countryside, historic features and wildlife habitat Protection given to areas/features designated as: National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), National Nature Reserves (NNR), local nature reserves, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), Special Protection Areas (SPA), Tree Preservation Orders (TPO), conservation areas, listed buildings, duty to promote biodiversity Protection given to protected species Planning requirements under the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (see also Element 2).

Contamination of soil and groundwater 

Definition of contaminated land: Environment Act 1995 section 57



Environmental hazards associated with contaminated land









Contaminated Land (England) Regulations 2006 and The Contaminated Land (Scotland) Regulations 2000 and amendment 2005 Effect of remediation notices served under Part IIA of the Environmental Protection Act 1990; designation as special sites Offences relating to contaminated land Methods of investigating contaminated land and groundwater; BS 10175:2001 (Investigation of potentially contaminated sites. Code of practice)

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

Assessment of contamination: ‘Trigger Concentrations’ recommended by the Interdepartmental Committee on the Redevelopment of Contaminated Land; role of the ‘Dutch standards’ for soil and groundwater; Greater London Council definition table; Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment Model and Soil Guideline Values Remedial techniques for contaminated soil and groundwater.


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Element 15:

Energy use and efficiency


Explain the environmental aspects of and legal requirements for business use of energy

15.2

Describe strategies and actions to reduce overall energy use and manage carbon emissions.

Content 15.1

Business use of energy 

Sources of energy; advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives



Impact on the environment of burning fossil fuels in vehicles, buildings and plant





15.2

Provision of information regarding energy efficiency Impact of carbon dioxide on the climate.

Reduction of energy use and carbon emissions 

Alternatives to fossil fuel as sources of energy



Energy efficiency: relationship to cost and profit



International and national control strategies for carbon dioxide emissions



EU Emissions Trading Scheme and Climate Change Levy





The requirements of the Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations 2014 (ESOS) Feed-in tariff and similar incentives.


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Tutor References Statutory instruments Legislation

Country

Element/s

EU Regulations

15

EU Regulations

9

EU Regulations

13

EU Regulations

10

EU Regulations

13

EU Regulations

13

EU Regulations

13

UK/Great Britain

12

UK/Great Britain

9

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

15

UK/Great Britain

12

Civil Aviation Act 2006

UK/Great Britain

12

Clean Air Act 1993

UK/Great Britain

10

Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005

UK/Great Britain

12

Climate Change Act 2008

UK/Great Britain

5, 10, 15

UK/Great Britain

10, 15

UK/Great Britain

10, 15

UK/Great Britain

10, 15

UK/Great Britain

14

UK/Great Britain

14

Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012

UK/Great Britain

13

Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015

UK/Great Britain

2, 3, 13

Regulation 106/2008 (EC) on a Union energyefficiency labelling programme for office equipment Regulation (EU) 142/2011 EU Animal By-Products Regulation 1069/2009 and Implementing Regulation (EC) No 649/2012 689/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 17 June 2008 concerning the export and import of dangerous chemicals Regulation (EC) No 1005/2009 Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer EC No 1107/2009 Placing of plant products on the market regulations Regulation EC No 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Anti-social Behaviour (Crime and Policing) Act 2014 Batteries and Accumulators (Placing on the Market) Regulations 2008 (as amended) Biocidal Products Regulations 2001 and amendment regulations Building Regulations 2010 2000 Part L (conservation of fuel and power) Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations 2009

Climate Change Agreements (Eligible Facilities) Regulations 2012 (as amended) Climate Change Levy (General) Regulations 2001 (as amended) Climate Change Levy (Registration and Miscellaneous) Provisions Regulations 2001 Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations 1994 Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010

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The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) Legislation

Country

Element/s

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

2, 13

Control of Trade in Endangered Species (Enforcement) Regulations 1997

UK/Great Britain

14

Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000

UK/Great Britain

14

UK/Great Britain

10, 15

UK/Great Britain

10, 15

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

15

UK/Great Britain

9

End of Life Vehicle Regulations 2003 (as amended)

UK/Great Britain

9

Energy Acts of 2008, 2010, 2011 and 2013

UK/Great Britain

15

Energy Information Regulations 2011

UK/Great Britain

15

Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations 2014

UK/Great Britain

15

Environment Act 1995

UK/Great Britain

10, 11

Environment and Safety Information Act 1988

UK/Great Britain

7

Environmental Information Regulations 2004

UK/Great Britain

7

Environmental Protection Act 1990

UK/Great Britain

5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14

Environmental Protection (Controls on Ozonedepleting Substances) Regulations 2011 (as amended)

UK/Great Britain

10, 13

Finance Act 1996 and 2001

UK/Great Britain

5

Food and Environmental Protection Act 1985 (Part III relating to pesticides) amended by the Pesticides Act 1998

UK/Great Britain

13

Flood and Water Management Act 2010

UK/Great Britain

11

Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2015

UK/Great Britain

10

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

15

Hunting Act 2004

UK/Great Britain

14

Licensing Act 2003

UK/Great Britain

12

Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006

UK/Great Britain

14

Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 (as amended) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (as amended)

CRC Energy Efficiency Order 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2014 CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (Allocation of Allowances for Payments) Regulations 2013 Detergents Regulations 2010 (as amended) Eco-design for Energy-Related Products Regulations 2010 End of Life Vehicles (Producer Responsibility) Regulations 2005 (as amended)

Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2014 Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme Regulations 2012

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Country

Element/s

UK/Great Britain

14

UK/Great Britain

12

Noise and Statutory Nuisance Act 1993

UK/Great Britain

12

Noise at Work Regulations 2005

UK/Great Britain

12

Notification of Cooling Towers and Evaporative Condensers Regulations 1992

UK/Great Britain

13

Ozone-Depleting Substances Regulations 2015

UK/Great Britain

10

Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990

UK/Great Britain

13

The Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations 2015

UK/Great Britain

13

Plant Protection Products Regulations 2011

UK/Great Britain

13

Plant Protection Products (Sustainable Use) Regulations 2012

UK/Great Britain

13

Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999

UK/Great Britain

2, 6, 9, 11

Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations 2007 (as amended)

UK/Great Britain

9

Protection of Badgers Act 1992

UK/Great Britain

14

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

13

Road Traffic Act 1988 and 1991

UK/Great Britain

12

Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Act 1975

UK/Great Britain

11

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

13

UK/Great Britain

11

UK/Great Britain

12

UK/Great Britain

14

UK/Great Britain

2, 14

UK/Great Britain

9

UK/Great Britain

9

National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 Noise Emission in the Environment by Equipment for use Outdoors Regulations 2001 and Amendment Regulations 2001, 2005 and 2015

REACH Enforcement Regulations 2008 (and amendment Regulations 2013 and 2014) Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2012 (amended by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (Amendment) Regulations 2014)

Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Licensing etc) Regulations 2010 Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Access to Infrastructure) Regulations 2011 Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Termination of Licences) Regulations 2011 Surface Waters (Abstraction for Drinking Water) (Classification) Regulations 1996 The Statutory Nuisance (Appeals) Regulations 1995 Town and Country Planning Act 1990 Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2011 (as amended) Transfrontier Shipment of Waste Regulations 2007 (as amended) Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations 2009 © NEBOSH 2015

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Country

Element/s

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2013

UK/Great Britain

9

Water Act 2003 and 2014

UK/Great Britain

9, 11

Water Industry Act 1991 and 1999

UK/Great Britain

5, 6, 9, 11

Water Resources Act 1991

UK/Great Britain

5, 6, 11

Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2000

UK/Great Britain

11

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended)

UK/Great Britain

14

Wild Mammals (Protection) Act 1996

UK/Great Britain

14

England

14

England

10

Air Quality Standards Regulations 2010

England

10

Contaminated Land (England) Regulations 2006

England

14

England

14

England

12

England

11

England

9

England

6

England

2, 14

England

3, 6, 11, 14

Environmental Noise (England) Regulations 2006

England

12

List of Wastes (England) Regulations 2005 (as amended)

England

9

National Park Authorities (England) Order 1996

England

14

National Park Authorities (Levies) (England) Regulations 1996

England

14

Nitrate Pollution Prevention Regulations 2015

England

11

England

14

England

12

England

14

England

14

Access to the Countryside (Coastal Margin) (England) Order 2010 Air Quality (England) Regulations 2000 (and 2002 amendment regulations)

Control of Endangered Species (Fees) Regulations 2009 Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for Construction and Open Sites) (England) Order 2015 Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations 2001 Controlled Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2012 (as amended) Environmental Civil Sanctions (England) Order 2010 Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes Regulations 2004 Environmental Damage (Prevention and 1 Remediation) Regulations 2009

Radioactive Contaminated Land (Modification of Enactments) (England) Regulations 2006 (as amended) Statutory Nuisances (Artificial Lighting) (Designation of Relevant Sports) (England) Order 2006 Town and Country Planning (Local Development) (England) Regulations 2004 (as amended) Town and Country Planning (Regional Planning) (England) Regulations 2004 © NEBOSH 2015

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Country

Element/s

Water Resources (Control of Pollution) (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (England) Regulations 2010 and Amendments 2010 and 2013

England

11

England, Northern Ireland and Wales England, Northern Ireland and Wales

Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 Noise Act 1996

Anti-Pollution Works Regulations 1999 Energy Performance of Buildings (England and Wales) Regulations 2012 Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (as amended) Hazardous Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2005 (as amended) Landfill Tax Regulations 1996 (as amended) Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (England and Wales) Regulations 2007 and Amendment Regulations 2014 Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations 1994 Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2011 (as amended) Water Resources Act 1991 (Amendment) (England and Wales) Regulations 2009 Air Quality Standards Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2010 Anti-Pollution Works Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 Anti-social Behaviour etc. (Northern Ireland) Order 2004 Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 (Part F) Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2010 Clean Air (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment (Northern Ireland) Act 2011 Conservation (Natural Habitats &.) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1995 Controlled Waste and Duty of Care Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2013 Control of Asbestos Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 (as amended) Control of Noise at Work Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2006 Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for Construction and Open Sites) Order (Northern Ireland) 2002 © NEBOSH 2015

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12 12

England and Wales

11

England and Wales

15

England and Wales

6, 9, 10, 11

England and Wales

9

England and Wales

9

England and Wales

13

England and Wales

11

England and Wales

9

England and Wales

11

Northern Ireland

10

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

15

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

10

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

14

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

2, 3, 13

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

12

The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) Legislation Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2010 Control of Pollution (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 (as amended) Controls on Ozone-Depleting Substances Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011 Countryside Access Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1996 Countryside Management Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2008 Energy Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2008 Environment and Safety Information (Northern Ireland) Order 1993 Environmental Liability (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009 Environmental Noise Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2006 Environment (Northern Ireland) Order 2002 Environmental Protection (Disposal of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Other Dangerous Substances) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009 (as amended) Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2001 Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 Hazardous Waste Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005 (as amended) Industrial Pollution Control (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 Landfill Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 (as amended) List of Wastes Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005 (as amended) Nitrates Action Programme Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2014 Ozone Depleting Substances (Qualifications) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011 Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 Plant Protection Products Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011 and Amendment Regulations 2012 Pollution Prevention and Control (Industrial Emissions) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2013 Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2007 (as amended) Radioactive Contaminated Land Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2006

© NEBOSH 2015

42

Country

Element/s

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

2

Northern Ireland

10

Northern Ireland

14

Northern Ireland

14

Northern Ireland

15

Northern Ireland

15

Northern Ireland

7

Northern Ireland

3, 6, 14

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

14

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

10

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

6

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

10

Northern Ireland

2, 14

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

6, 11

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

14


Country

Element/s

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

12

Northern Ireland

13

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

9

Northern Ireland

14

Northern Ireland

11

Northern Ireland

11

Water (Northern Ireland) Order 1999

Northern Ireland

9, 11

Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2007

Northern Ireland

11

Wildlife (Northern Ireland) Order 1985

Northern Ireland

14

Wildlife and Natural Environment (Northern Ireland) Act 2011

Northern Ireland

14

Scotland

11

Scotland

10

Air Quality Standards (Scotland) Regulations 2010

Scotland

10

Anti-Pollution Works (Scotland) Regulations 2003

Scotland

11

Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009

Scotland

15

Scotland

14

Scotland

12

Scotland

11

Scotland

11

Scotland

9

Scotland

13

Scotland

15

Statutory Nuisances (Appeals) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 Statutory Nuisances (Artificial Lighting) (Designation of Relevant Sports) Order (Northern Ireland) 2012 Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2007 and 2014 amendment regulations Urban Waste Water Treatment (Northern Ireland) Regulations 2007 Waste Batteries and Accumulators (Charges) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009 Waste Batteries and Accumulators (Treatment and Disposal) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009 Waste and Contaminated Land (Northern Ireland) Order 1997 Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order 2006 Water Framework Directive (Priority Substances and Classification) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011

Action Programme for Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Scotland) Regulations 2008 and Amendment Regulations 2008 and 2009 Air Quality (Scotland) Regulations 2000 (and 2002 amendment regulations)

Contaminated Land (Scotland) Regulations 2000 (as amended) Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for Construction and Open Sites) (Scotland) Order 2002 Control of Pollution (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (Scotland) Regulations 2003 Designation of Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Scotland) Regulations 2014 End-of-Life Vehicles (Storage and Treatment) (Scotland) Regulations 2003 Energy Act 2008 (Storage of Carbon Dioxide) (Scotland) Regulations 2011 Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2008

© NEBOSH 2015

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Country

Element/s

Environmental Assessment (Scotland) Act 2005

Scotland

2, 14

Scotland

2

Scotland

7

Environmental Liability (Scotland) Regulations 2009

Scotland

3, 6, 11, 14

Environmental Noise (Scotland) Regulations 2006

Scotland

12

Scotland

9

Scotland

9

Scotland

11

Scotland

13

Landfill (Scotland) Regulations 2003 (as amended)

Scotland

9

Landfill Tax (Scotland) Act 2014

Scotland

9

Management of Extractive Waste (Scotland) Regulations 2010

Scotland

9

National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000

Scotland

14

Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004

Scotland

14

Scotland

2

Scotland

13

Scotland

6, 9, 10

Protection of Wild Mammals (Scotland) Act 2002

Scotland

14

Public Health (Scotland) Act 2008

Scotland

6

Public Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations 2014

Scotland

6, 11

Radioactive Contaminated Land (Scotland) Regulations 2007

Scotland

14

Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968

Scotland

9, 11

Special Waste Regulations 1996 (as amended)

Scotland

9

Scotland

12

Scotland

13

Scotland

13

Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997

Scotland

14

Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations 2011

Scotland

2, 14

Environmental Impact Assessment (Scotland) Amendment Regulations 2009 Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations 2004 (as amended)

Environmental Protection (Disposal of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Other Dangerous Substances) (Scotland) Regulations 2000 Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) (Scotland) Regulations 2014 Freshwater and Salmon Fisheries (Scotland) Act 1976 Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002

Planning (Control of Major Accident Hazards) (Scotland) Regulations 2005 Planning (Hazardous Substances) (Scotland) Act 1997 Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2012 (as amended)

Statutory Nuisance (Appeals) (Scotland) Regulations 1996 Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Licensing etc) (Scotland) Regulations 2011 Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (Scotland) Regulations 2007 and 2014 amendment regulations

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Country

Element/s

Scotland

3

Scotland

11

Waste Batteries (Scotland) Regulations 2009

Scotland

9

Waste (Scotland) Regulations 2012

Scotland

9

Scotland

6, 11

Scotland

11

Scotland

6, 11

Water Quality (Scotland) Regulations 2010

Scotland

11

Water Resources (Scotland) Act 2013

Scotland

11

Water Services etc (Scotland) Act 2005

Scotland

11

Scotland

11

Scotland

14

Air Quality Standards (Wales) Regulations 2010

Wales

10

Contaminated Land (Wales) Regulations 2006

Wales

14

Wales

12

Wales

2, 14

Wales

6

Wales

3, 6, 14

Environmental Noise (Wales) Regulations 2006

Wales

12

Hazardous Waste (Wales) Regulations 2005

Wales

9

List of Wastes (Wales) Regulations 2005

Wales

9

National Park Authorities (Wales) Order 1995

Wales

14

Wales

14

Wales

14

Wales

14

Wales

11

Wales

11

Town and Country Planning (Hazardous Substances) (Scotland) Regulations 1993 and amendment regulations Urban Waste Water Treatment (Scotland) Regulations 1994

Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2011 (as amended) Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations 2006 Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003

Water Services and Sewerage Services Licences (Scotland) Order 2006 Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act 2011

Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for Construction and Open Sites) (Wales) Order 2002 Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes (Wales) Regulations 2004 Environmental Civil Sanctions (Wales) Order 2010 (as amended) Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) (Wales) Regulations 2009

Radioactive Contaminated Land (Modification of Enactments) (Wales) Regulations 2006 Town and Country Planning (Local Development) (Wales) Regulations 2004 Town and Country Planning (Local Development) (Wales) Regulations 2005 Water Resources (Control of Pollution) (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (Wales) Regulations 2010 and Amendment 2010 Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2010 and amendment regulations

© NEBOSH 2015

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Other relevant references Reference title BS 4142:2014 – Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound BS 5228-1:2009 + A1:2014 – Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites BS8555:2003 Environmental management systems – guide to the phased implementation of an environmental management system including the use of environmental performance evaluation Emergency planning for major accidents, HSG191 Environmental Protection Act 1990: Part 2A Contaminated Land, April 2012, Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs ISO 9001:2008 Quality management 3 systems ISO 14001:2004 Environmental 2 management systems ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management, Life Cycle Analysis, Principles and framework ISO 9011:2011 – Guidelines for auditing management systems Managing for health and safety (HSG65), third edition 2013 OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and 4 Safety Management Planning Advice Note PAN 33 Development of Contaminated Land, 2000, The Scottish Government Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering Sustainable Development

Reference detail eg ISBN number

Element/s

ISBN: 978-0-580-80051-1

12

ISBN: 978-0-580-77749-3

12

ISBN: 0-580-41471-X

3

HSE Books, ISBN: 978-0-7176-1695-4 http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hs g191.pdf https://www.gov.uk/government/upload s/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/ 223705/pb13735cont-landguidance.pdf

3

14

ISBN: 978-0-5806-8738-9

3

ISBN: 978-0-5806-8842-3

1, 3, 4

ISBN: 0-580-48992-2

2

ISBN: 978-0-580-77524-6

4

HSE Books, ISBN: 978-0-7176-6456-6 http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hs g65.pdf

3

ISBN: 978-0-5805-9404-5

3

http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2000/ 10/pan33

14

https://www.planningportal.gov.uk/plan ning/planningpolicyandlegislation/previ ousenglishpolicy/ppgpps/pps1

14

Notes 1

The 2004 Standard to be updated later in 2015 once the revised Standard has been launched.

3

Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations 2009 are to be revoked and replaced with 2015 Regulations on 19 July 2015. 4

The 2008 Standard will be updated later in 2015 once the revised Standard has been launched.

5

OHSAS 18001 will be updated to the revised ISO 45001 once this has been released.

© NEBOSH 2015

46


4.2 Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice Learning outcomes 

Demonstrate the ability to apply the knowledge and understanding gained from the study of elements of Unit ED1 in a practical environment



Carry out a detailed review of the environmental audit of a workplace or organisation



Critically analyse and evaluate information gathered during the review



Produce a justified action plan to improve performance.

Content This unit contains no additional syllabus content. However, completion of study for unit ED1 is recommended in order undertake the unit ED2 project.

4.2.1

Purpose and aim

The aim of the project is to produce an audit of the environmental performance of an organisation and a report reviewing any issues identified during the audit and recommendations to management in order to address these issues. The focus of the Unit ED2 project should be the application of the knowledge and understanding developed in Unit ED1 to a real workplace situation. Candidates are required to demonstrate the ability to carry out a range of activities that would be expected of an environmental management practitioner.

4.2.2

Marking

Projects will be marked by an internal assessor – a person proposed to NEBOSH by an accredited course provider and approved by NEBOSH. Internal assessors will normally hold Full Membership of the Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA), or equivalent, and/or the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (or equivalent) with relevant experience. A marking sheet will be completed by the internal assessor for each candidate and attached to the candidate’s report. Sufficient time for marking should be allowed so that marked projects reach NEBOSH by the submission deadline (31 January and 31 July each year). Candidates must achieve the pass standard (60%) in this unit in order to satisfy the criteria for the qualification.

© NEBOSH 2015

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4.2.3

Assessment location

The environmental audit must be carried out in the candidate’s o wn workplace. Where the candidate does not have access to a suitable workplace, the accredited course provider should be consulted to help in making arrangements for the candidate to carry out the audit at suitable premises. Providers seeking to run the project unit in this way should contact NEBOSH for advice and approval. Candidates do not require supervision when carrying out t he project, but the candidate must sign a declaration that the project is their own work. The candidates, employers and internal assessors should be aware that the status of the environmental audit undertaken to fulfil the requirements of unit ED2, which is for educational purposes only. It does not constitute an assessment or audit for the purposes of any legislation or regulations.

4.2.4

Submission of completed work

Sufficient time for marking should be allowed so that marked projects reach NEBOSH by the submission deadline (31 January and 31 July each year). Any project not submitted by the relevant deadline will be declared at zero marks. The candidate will then be required to re-register (and pay the registration fee) at the next standard (or local) sitting date. The accredited course provider should advise the candidate of the latest date by which the completed project must be received by the course provider for marking. It is the responsibility of the course provider to ensure that the completed projects are available to NEBOSH by the submission deadline. Candidates planning to post their projects to the accredited course provider are reminded of the need to guard against loss in the post by sending their work by trackable delivery. Candidates are therefore advised to retain copies of both their completed project and the environmental audit proforma.

4.2.5

Further information

Further detailed information regarding the unit ED2 including forms and mark schemes can be found in a separate guidance document for candidates and accredited course providers available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk): “Unit ED2: Workplace-based project: Guidance and information for accredited course provider s and candidates” .

© NEBOSH 2015

48


5.

Sample question paper

5.1 Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk THE NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

NEBOSH NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT [DATE] 3 hours, 0930 to 1230 10 minutes reading time is allowed before the start of this examination. You may not write anything during this period.

This paper contains eight questions. Answer FIVE questions only. All questions carry equal marks. The maximum marks for each question, or part of a question, are shown in brackets. Start each answer on a new page.

1

(a)

(b)

2

3

Identify how manufacturing activities may contribute to causing the phenomenon known as the ‘Greenhouse Effect’.

(14)

Explain how the technique of life cycle analysis may be used to understand the extent to which a manufactured product contributes to the Greenhouse Effect.

(6)

Outline reasons why many waste producers are seeking to minimise the use of landfill as a disposal route for their industrial and commercial waste streams.

(20)

A manufacturing organisation uses large quantities of organic solvents for degreasing metal products. Outline the range of measures that could be adopted to minimise emission of organic solvents to the atmosphere.

© NEBOSH 2015

(20)

The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2010 specification) 4

5

Describe the measures an organisation could take to minimise adverse impacts on plant and animal communities (biodiversity).

(a)

(b)

6

7

8

(20)

Explain what is meant by the terms: (i)

‘water quality standard’ ;

(4)

(ii)

‘water quality objective’ .

(4)

Using a suitable example, explain how a company can use biological indicators to determine whether an effluent discharge into a river could have a deleterious effect on the ecological balance within the receiving water.

(12)

Describe appropriate performance indicators that may be used to measure an organisation’s environmental management performance illustrating your answer with suitable examples.

(20)

Describe the different pathways through which contaminated land may affect human and other environmental receptors.

(20)

Residents claim that dust emanating from a nearby waste transfer station is damaging their property. Describe the main grounds for action under civil law that might be available to the residents.

© NEBOSH 2015

(20)

Edip Guide FINAL v11 June 15 (Exams Dec15 Onwards)162015211114

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