Eau Heinrich Böll

Xmhtmur am `‚mcu cu Lcrgh ; _gurqugj bcut-j` ljsmr sur ufm dguvmrfcfhm kustm mt aurce`m 7

_cr Llm. Xcerjfc Em`ngucrj Lcj 5?3:

Xmhtmur am `‚mcu cu Lcrgh ; pgurqugj bcut-j` ljsmr sur ufm dguvmrfcfhm kustm mt aurce`m 7

@c dguvmrfcfhm am `‚mcu cu Lcrgh mst cppm`êm, cukgura‚nuj p`us qum kclcjs, ï lcjftmfjr `‚êquj`jerm mftrm `‚gbbrm mt `c amlcfam, tgut mf cssurcft ufm mcu am quc`jtê pgur `ms dêfêrctjgfs buturms. ]fm cpprghnm p`us pcrtjhjpctjvm mt hgfhmrtêm acfs `c dmstjgf ams rmssgurhms smrcjt ufm pjstm ï prmfarm cvmh sêrjmux. _cr Xcerjfc Em`ngucrj, kgurfc`jstm

Xur `c rgutm quj lîfm am Qjfdnjr vmrs Mrrchnjajc, s‚êtmfamft qum`qums ufms ams ajzcjfms a‚gcsjs quj hglpgsmft `c hmjfturm gcsjmffm au tmrrjtgjrm au Qc`c`mt, `‚ufm ams p`us jlpgrtcftms gcsjs au Xua Mst au Lcrgh. Mf hmttm scjsgf ams grcdms, quj hgllmfhm aîs `c f au lgjs a‚cgut mt hgftjfum kusqu‚cu lgjs a‚ghtgerm, `ms ncejtcfts am `c rêdjgf sgft trîs jfqujmts. « Hmttm cffêm, j` c p`u p`us qum a‚ncejtuam. Gf rmstm trîs vjdj`cfts hms kgurs-hj cu hcs gú j` y curcjt ams hrums jlpgrtcftms am `‚guma quj trcvmrsm fgtrm gcsjs. _gurvu qum `c p`ujm fm aurm pcs trgp `gfdtmlps, sjfgf hc smrc `c hctcstrgpnm pgur `c rêhg`tm ams acttms am hmttm cffêm ¹, s‚jfqujîtm s‚jfqujîtm uf pcsscdmr rmfhgftrê acfs uf tcxj sur `m hnmljf. Mf mbbmt, `m lgjs am smptmlerm mst, mf prjfhjpm, uf lgjs hncua. Lcjs ampujs qum`qums cffêms, ams jrrêdu`crjtês h`jlctjqums amvjmffmft am p`us mf p`us brêqumftms. Hmttm p`ujm, jfncejtum``m jfncejtum``m acfs hmttm rêdjgf ï hm lglmft am `‚cffêm, rjsqum am bcjrm pgurrjr `ms acttms fgf mfhgrm crrjvêms ï lcturjtê, lmfcäcft tgutm ufm êhgfgljm `ghc`m `jêm ï `‚cdrjhu`turm mt quj hgfstjtumft `‚chtjvjtê prjfhjpc`m pgur `c pgpu`ctjgf. Hm``m-hj, Hm``m-hj, cbbrgftêm, a‚ufm pcrt, ï `c sîhnmrmssm am p`us mf p`us `gfdum mt, a‚cutrm pcrt, cux prêhjpjtctjgfs ngrs scjsgf, sm rmtrguvm mf pgsjtjgf a‚mxtrëlm vu`fêrcej`jtê. @m tmrrjtgjrm prêscncrjmf, agft ufm egffm pcrtjm sm trguvm acfs `c rêdjgf am Arcc Qc`c`mt, j``ustrm pcrbcjtmlmft `‚mbbmt ams hncfdmlmfts h`jlctjqums sur `c vjm ams ncejtcfts. Lcjs `c fcturm f‚mst pcs `m smu` bchtmur am hncfdmlmfts hcr, jhj, `‚jlpcht am `‚Ngllm sur sgf lj`jmu mst trîs vjsje`m. @c rmssgurhm mf mcu lgej`jsêm acfs `m Arcc Qc`c`mt prgvjmft cussj ejmf ams mcux supmrhjm``m qum ams rmssgurhms sgutmrrcjfms, hm quj lmt ï lc` `ms rêsmrvms nyarjqums `grsqum `c sêhnmrmssm mst hglejfêm ï `c bgrtm bgr tm hgfsgllctjgf am `‚mcu. ]fm ]fm sjtuctjgf quj amlcfam ufm dguvmrfcfhm ams rmssgurhms mf mcu mxtrëlmlmft pruamftm mt jftmrchtjvm. Hmttm rêdjgf rmstm tgutmbgjs hgfbrgftêm cux lëlms mfkmux qum `m rmstm au Lcrgh mf hm quj hgfhmrfm `‚mcu ; rêpgfarm rêpgfarm ï `c amlcfam quj cudlmftm a‚cffêm mf cffêm, rctjgffc`jsmr rctjgffc`jsmr sgf utj`jsctjgf, lgej`jsmr mt ajvmrsjmr `ms rmssgurhms, cvmh ufm cttmftjgf pcrtjhu`jîrm pgur `c lgej`jsctjgf ams mcux fgf hgfvmftjgffm``ms, tgut hm`c mf prêsmrvcft am `c pg``utjgf mt am `c aêdrcactjgf am `c quc`jtê am `‚mcu. @m p`us hrjtjqum mst a‚crrjvmr ï cssurmr `‚chhîs ï `‚mcu pgtce`m pgur tgus.

XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

@‚mcu, dcrcft d crcft am `‚mlp`gj mt am `c sêhurjtê c`jlmftcjrm @‚cutrm mfkmu lckmur mst a‚cssurmr `‚mcu a‚jrrjdctjgf pgur `m smhtmur cdrjhg`m, lgtmur am hrgjsscfhm êhgfgljqum `ghc`m mt uf ams pj`jmrs am `‚êhgfgljm `m tgut `m pcys. Mf mbbmt, `c pcrt am `‚clgft cdrjhg`m acfs `‚êhgfgljm fctjgfc`m cttmjft 41 lj``jcras am ajrncls, mt lc`drê ams hyh`ms am sêhnmrmssm rêpêtês qum `m Lcrgh c hgffu, `m _JE cdrjhg`m c p`us qum ague`ê ampujs `ms cffêms 2?.

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m smhtmur hgftrjeum ï 31 % cu _rgaujt Jftêrjmur Erut (_JE) au pcys mt hgfstjtum `m prmljmr pgurvgymur a‚mlp`gj cvmh 1 lj``jgfs a‚mlp`gjs. A‚cutcft p`us qum `m smhtmur mst ajrmhtmlmft `jê cu lgfam rurc`, quj chhumj``m, sm`gf `ms mstjlctjgfs 5?34 am `c Ecfqum lgfajc`m, 8>% am `c pgpu`ctjgf tgtc`m au Lcrgh. Lcjs `ms mfkmux `jês ï `‚mcu sm sjtumft cu am`ï am `c ajspgfjej`jtê am `‚mcu pgtce`m mt am `‚jrrjdctjgf. ]f cutrm pnêfglîfm lmfchm acfdmrmusmlmft `c stcej`jtê au lj`jmu rurc` mt gcsjmf acfs hmttm rêdjgf. Cvmh `ms sêhnmrmssms suhhmssjvms mt `c stcdfctjgf am `c quc`jtê am vjm, « tgus fgs  kmufms, ``ms mt dcrägfs, rëvmft am pcrtjr ï `‚Murgpm pgur uf cvmfjr lmj``mur. @‚jlp`jhctjgf acfs `m aêvm`gppmlmft mt `c prêsmrvctjgf am `‚mcu mt am `‚gcsjs mst `m hcamt am `murs sguhjs. H‚mst ufm rêc`jtê quj fgus aêhgurcdm ï hncqum bgjs qu‚gf vmut prgpgsmr ams prgkmts am aêvm`gppmlmft pgur `c pgpu`ctjgf mt `m vj``cdm ¹, hgfm C`j Egufsjr, prêsjamft am `‚Cssghjctjgf Qcemsecstm pgur `m Aêvm`gppmlmft mt `c Xg`jacrjtê. Hmttm sjtuctjgf f‚mst pcs rmstrmjftm cu lj`jmu gcsjmf, lcjs tguhnmrcjt ufm drcfam pcrtjm am `c kmufmssm lcrghcjfm, (88% sm`gf ufm mfquëtm am `c ecfqum lgfajc`m am 5?35). @m

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aêvm`gppmlmft au smhtmur am `‚mcu cppcrcjt agfh ague`mlmft strctêdjqum, êhgfgljqumlmft mt sghjc`mlmft. Gr, `m smhtmur am `‚mcu sm hgfbrgftm ï p`usjmurs hgftrcjftms, hgllufms ï p`usjmurs cutrms rêdjgfs au Lcrgh, mt quj rmfamft hmttm ljssjgf trîs ajbhj`m. Mf mbbmt, `ms cppgrts mf mcu sgft nêtêrgdîfms acfs `ms ajbbêrmfts ecssjfs nyarcu`jqums am `‚mfsmle`m au pcys, cvmh ufm bcje`mssm ams cppgrts mf mcux supmrhjm``ms, mf p`us au prge`îlm a‚mfvcsmlmft ams ecrrcdms quj rêaujt `c hcpchjtê am stghicdm. @ms hncfdmlmfts h`jlctjqums jfaujsmft ams sîhnmrmssms suhhmssjvms mt ams p`ujms tgrrmftjm``ms mt `ms sg`s hgffcjssmft ufm aêdrcactjgf jlpgrtcftm aum ï `‚êrgsjgf mt `‚cppcuvrjssmlmft. @‚jlpcht nulcjf mst, am sgf hgtê, pcrtjhu`jîrmlmft hgfhmrfê, cvmh `c prmssjgf mxmrhêm sur `ms mcux sgutmrrcjfms, chhmftuêm pcr `c prg`jbêrctjgf ams lgtgpglpms agft `‚utj`jsctjgf êhncppm ï tgut hgftrg`. @c aêtêrjgrctjgf am `c quc`jtê am `‚mcu rêsu`tcft am `c hgftcljfctjgf pcr `ms bmrtj`jscfts mt `‚cudlmftctjgf am `c sc`jfjtê ams mcux sgutmrrcjfms chnîvm a‚cssglerjr `m tce`mcu. Qgut hmhj mst pgurtcft prjs mf hgfsjaêrctjgf acfs `c `gj 8=-3= rm`ctjvm ï `‚mcu, mt quj cegram

tgutms `ms qumstjgfs rm`ctjvms ï ufm egffm dguvmrfcfhm am hmttm rmssgurhm. Lc`drê `ms tmxtms tmxtm s am `gj,`c lu`tjtuam ams jftmrvmfcfts(tce`mcu 3), ams strctêdjms mt ams p`cfs ljs mf p`chm pgur cssurmr ufm egffm dguvmrfcfhm am `‚mcu, ams bcje`mssms pmrsjstmft mfhgrm. _gur fm prmfarm qum `‚mxmlp`m am prgtmhtjgf am `c quc`jtê am `‚mcu, j` y c ufm jfsubscfhm acfs `m hcarm rêd`mlmftcjrm rm`ctjb ï `c rêutj`jsctjgf ams mcux usêms êpurêms mt `‚ê`jljfctjgf ams egums ams Xtctjgf a‚Mpurctjgf ams Mcux ]sêms jssums ams gpêrctjgfs am trcjtmlmft ams mcux usêms, cjfsj qu‚ufm ajspmrsjgf acfs `ms tmxtms rîd`mlmftcjrms mftrm p`usjmurs aêpcrtmlmfts ljfjstêrjm`s (Ljfjstîrm am tutm``m, Ljfjstîrm am `‚Jftêrjmur, Xcftê). C hm`c s‚ckgutm `‚jfsubscfhm mt `m pmu a‚jlpcht ams gpêrctjgfs am smfsjej`jsctjgf mt a‚jlp`jhctjgf am `c sghjêtê hjvj`m mt ams chtmurs `ghcux mf lctjîrm am prêsmrvctjgf am `‚mfvjrgffmlmft mt am aêvm`gppmlmft aurce`m. Uêsu`tct, acfs `m lj`jmu rurc`, `ms aêhncrdms am aêhnmts sg`jams sgft fgf hgftrñ`êms mt rcrms sgft `ms hgllufms quj ajspgsmft a‚uf rêsmcu a‚csscjfjssmlmft `jqujam,, mfhgrm lgjfs am stctjgfs `jqujam pgur `m trcjtmlmft ams mcux usêms.

]fm cppr c pprghnm ghnm pcrtjhjpctjv pc rtjhjpctjvm m pgur ufm lmj``murm dmstjgf Cu Lcrgh, Lcrgh , h‚mst acfs `m lj`jmu rurc` gú `ms mfkmux am `‚mcu mt `c qumstjgf am `c egffm dguvmrfcfhm amvjmffmft hrjtjqums.. Cf hrjtjqums am aêvm`gppmr Xtctjgf a‚Mpurctjgf ams Mcux ]sêms, j` mst prjlgrajc` am lmttrm mf p`chm uf prghmssus am prjsm am aêhjsjgf hgfsmfsum` mt mftrmprmfarm ams chtjgfs hgfhmrtêms.

@m Hgfsmj` Mhgfgljqum, Xghjc` mt Mfvjrgffmlmftc` au Lcrgh (HMXM) s‚mst pmfhnê sur `‚jftêrët a‚cagptmr ufm cpprghnm am dguvmrfcfhm am `‚mcu quj cpp`jqum `ms prjfhjpms am `c aêlghrctjm pcrtjhjpctjvm, acfs sgf rcppgrt « @c dguvmrfcfhm pcr `c dmstjgf jftêdrêm ams rmssgurhms mf mcu cu Lcrgh ; @mvjmr bgfaclmftc` am aêvm`gppmlmft aurce`m ¹, sgrtj mf 5?31. J` mst qumstjgf « a‚ufm cpprghnm gú `ms hngjx ams prgkmts mt a‚jlp`êlmftctjgf ams sg`utjgfs tmhnfjqums êlcfmft ams pgpu`ctjgfs `ghc`ms mt jftêdrcft `ms hgftmxtms rêdjgfcux mt `ghcux cvmh `c prêsmfhm mbbmhtjvm ams chtmurs am `c sghjêtê hjvj`m mt ams uscdmrs a‚mcu acfs `m prghmssus am prjsm am aêhjsjgf ¹, `jt-gf acfs `m rcppgrt. Hmttm cpprghnm mst pcrbcjtmlmft pgssje`m. @m lgaî`m am dmstjgf acfs `m vj``cdm am Qcemsecstm, acfs `c prgvjfhm am Qjfdnjr, mf mst `c prmuvm. _gur y pcrvmfjr, `c sghjêtê hjvj`m, mt mf pcrtjhu`jmr acfs `ms lj`jmux gú `ms mfkmux rm`ctjbs ï `‚mcu sgft jlpgrtcfts, mst clmfêm ï rmfbgrhmr sms hcpchjtês am p`cjagjrjm pgur aêbmfarm sms jftmrmt. « @‚ê`êlmft nulcjf agjt ëtrm cu hmftrm am tgutms `ms chtjgfs mftrmprjsms acfs `‚clê`jgrctjgf ams lgams am dmstjgf aurce`m. Acfs `m Arcc A rcc Qc`c`mt, `c pg`jtjqum pg`jtj qum pue`jqum pgurrcjt s‚jfspjrmr au scvgjr cfhmstrc` mt ams systîlms am dmstjgf aurce`ms quj gft trcvm trcvmrsê rsê ams sjîh`ms mt bcjt `murs prmuvms ¹, rmlcrqum @cnhmf Icejrj, mfsmjdfcft hnmrhnmur acfs `m aglcjfm au h`jlct, `‚mfvjrgffmlmft am `‚mcu mt au pctrjlgjfm mt prêsjamft am `‚Cssghjctjgf Gcsjs Bmri`c _gur `‚Mfvjrgffmlmft mt `m _ctrjlgjfm CGBM_. J` s‚cdjt a‚jfjtjctjvms hgllm `m _rgdrcllm a‚Chtjgfs Hgfhmrtêms ams Gcsjs (_CHG), aêlcrrê ampujs kcfvjmr 5?3=, acfs `m lj`jmu gcsjmf au Xua Mst lcrghcjf, pgur pgrtmr `m prgkmt « Umfbgrhmlmft am `c dguvmrfcfhm mfvjrgffmlmftc`m pcr `m aêvm`gppmlmft am `c hcpchjtê ams grdcfjsctjgfs fgf dguvmrfmlmftc`m ¹. @m prgdrcllm hcpjtc`jsm sur `m lgam am dguvmrfcfhm cfhmstrc` rmprêsmftê cukgura‚nuj pcr `‚cssghjctjgf `‚cssghjctjg f ams cycfts argjt, cf a‚jfspjrmr ufm fguvm``m cpprghnm am dmstjgf aurce`m am `‚mcu. @‚gekmhtjb @‚gekmhtjb fc` au prgkmt mst qum q um `c

sghjêtê hjvj`m sgjt hcpce`m am kgumr sgf rñ`m a‚jftmrbchm mftrm `ms struhturms êtctjqums a‚ufm pcrt, mt `c pgpu`ctjgf mt utj`jsctmurs am `‚mcu a‚cutrm pcrt. M``m s‚jlp`jqum cjfsj acfs `c smfsjej`jsctjgf am `c pgpu`ctjgf hje`m ï `‚jlpgrtcfhm am `c prêsmrvctjgf am `‚mcu mt `c bchj`jtctjgf `c hglprênmfsjgf am `c rêd`mlmftctjgf mf vjdumur pgur tgut hm quj mst `jê ï `‚utj`jsctjgf am `‚mcu. Qgukgurs acfs `c rêdjgf am Arcc Qc`c`mt, j` y c ams cpprghnms jffgvcftms quj sgft mf hgurs am ljsm mf p`chm. « J` s‚cdjt am `c rêd`mlmftctjgf rm`ctjvm cu pêrjlîtrm am prgtmhtjgf ams inmttcrcs, quj jftmrajt `m bgrcdm acfs uf rcygf aêtmrljfê cutgur am `‚guvrcdm acfs `m eut am prêsmrvmr `‚mcu quj c`jlmftm hm`uj-hj. ]f cutrm gutj` am dmstjgf pcrtjhjpctjvm quj mst mf pncsm a‚mxpêrjlmftctjgf mst `m « hgftrct am fcppm ¹. J` c êtê chtjgffê acfs ufm zgfm cdrjhg`m pj`gtm fguvm``mlmft hrêm ï Eguafje, acfs `c prgvjfhm a‚Mrrchnjajc. @m hgftrct am fcppm smrt ï `c scuvmdcram mt `c prêsmrvctjgf am `c rmssgurhm mf mcu mt j` mst sjdfê pcr `‚mfsmle`m ams jftmrvmfcfts ( Cdmfhm au Ecssjf Nyarcu`jqum, cdrjhu`tmurs, `ms ajbbêrmfts aêpcrtmlmfts am `‚cdrjhu`turm..mth). ]fm bgjs fc`jsê, j` smrc rmprgaujt cu fjvmcu ams cutrms fcppms ¹, cssurm Ceamrrcnlcfm Lcnegue, ajrmhtmur am `‚Cdmfhm au Ecssjf Nyarcu`jqum am Dujr [jz Unmrjs. _crtcft am `c sjtuctjgf chtum``m am `c dmstjgf am `‚mcu, j` cppcrcæt qum `m bchtmur nulcjf mst `crdmlmft jlp`jquê acfs `c aêdrcactjgf ams rmssgurhms mf mcu, emcuhgup p`us qum `‚jfhmrtjtuam `jêm cux hncfdmlmfts h`jlctjqums. @c hgfsgllctjgf mxhmssjvm am `‚mcu, `c prmssjgf sur `ms fcppms pnrêctjqums, `c pg``utjgf sgus tgutms sms bgrlms, pgussmft ï sm pgsmr `c qumstjgf ; kusqu‚ï qucfa `m lgaî`m am dmstjgf am `‚mcu chtum``mlmft cpp`jquê cu Lcrgh smrc-t-j` vjce`m 7 mt qum` smrc `m prjx ï pcymr sj `c pg`jtjqum chtum``m hgftjfum a‚chhusmr au rmtcra acfs `c ljsm mf p`chm am lmsurms p`us mbhchms pgur `c prgtmhtjgf ams rmssgurhms mf mcu chtum``ms 7

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XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

Qcemsecstm, uf lgaî`m am dguvmrfcfhm `ghc`m ï `‚êprmuvm `‚êprmuvm au tmlps tm lps mt am `c lgamrfjtê

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m tmrrjtgjrm prêscncrjmf hgfstjtuê pcr `ms gcsjs mst uf mxmlp`m vjvcft am `‚cacptcej`jtê, `c rêsj`jmfhm mt `c dmstjgf aurce`m ams rmssgurhms mf `‚mcu. Hm scvgjr, quj s‚mst aêvm`gppê aurcft p`usjmurs sjîh`ms, c su hglpgsmr cvmh `‚crjajtê au lj`jmu, `‚jrrêdu`crjtê ams p`ujms mt `ms hrums aêvcstctrjhms. aêvcstct rjhms. J` c cegutj ï `c ljsm mf p`chm a‚ufm rêd`mlmftctjgf quj c bcjt sms prmuvms aurcft ams sjîh`ms mt c su lcjftmfjr `‚êquj`jerm mftrm `‚Ngllm mt sgf mfvjrgffmlmft. @m vj``cdm am Qcemsecstm cemsecstm,, sjtuê ï ufm qujfzcjfm am il am `c vj``m am Qjfdnjr, Qjfdnjr, acfs `c rêdjgf Arcc Qc`c`mt, Qc`c`mt, prgpgsm uf lgam am dmstjgf am `‚mcu quj sm rêbîrm acfs tgus sms cspmhts ï hm lgam am dguvmrfcfhm cfhmstrc`. Mf mbbmt, `‚grdcfjsctjgf am hmttm hgllufcutê sm bcjt mf rêbêrmfhm ï `‚cssmle`êm trcajtjgffm``m cppm`êm `ghc`mlmft `c « Klcå ¹. @m vj``cdm am Qcemsecstm c prghêaê mf 3:>= ï `c hrêctjgf pgur `c prmljîrm bgjs a‚ufm cssghjctjgf ams cycfts argjts pgur jfstjtutjgffc`jsmr hm lgam am dmstjgf cfhmstrc`, ï `‚jfstcr ams cutrms tmrrjtgjrms au Lcrgh ï `‚êpgqum. Ejmf qum, sm`gf `‚crtjh`m >8 am `c `gj 338-31 rm`ctjvms cux hgllufms, `m smrvjhm am `‚mcu jfhglem ï `c hg``mhtjvjtê `ghc`m, acfs `m lj`jmu rurc`, hm sgft `m p`us sguvmft `ms cssghjctjgfs ams cycfts argjts quj sm hncrdmft am

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`c ajstrjeutjgf am `‚mcu cuprîs ams ncejtcfts au gu ams vj``cdms am `c hgllufm, acfs `m hcarm am `c dmstjgf aê`êduêm. Cukgura‚nuj, `‚cssghjctjgf Qcemsecstm pgur `m Aêvm`gppmlmft mt `c Xg`jacrjtê mst `‚jfstcfhm am rêbêrmfhm acfs `c prjsm am aêhjsjgf mt `c dmstjgf ams mspchms hg``mhtjbs au vj``cdm (sgurhm a‚mcu, jrrjdctjgf, pcrhgurs, tmrrcjfs cdrjhg`ms..mth). Hmttm jfstcfhm mst rmprêsmftctjvm am tgutms `ms hglpgscftms am `c hgllufcutê mt mst am hm bcjt rmhgffum `ghc`mlmft pcr tgutm `c pgpu`ctjgf. @c prjsm am aêhjsjgf cu smjf am `‚cssghjctjgf sm rêbîrm cu argjt hgutuljmr « C`grb ¹, quj aêfj `c hgfaujtm am `c vjm sghjc`m, êhgfgljqum mt pg`jtjqum, ï `‚jftêrjmur au tmrrjtgjrm mt ï `‚mxtêrjmur acfs `m rcppgrt cvmh `ms hgllufcutês vgjsjfms. Cjfsj, tgut hm quj mst rm`ctjb ï `‚mcu mst aêhjaê pcr `‚cssghjctjgf, am `c lgej`jsctjgf ams mcux kusqu‚ï `c ajstrjeutjgf êqujtce`m mftrm tgus `ms lmlerms, cjfsj qum `m rîd`mlmft ams hgfjts. _mfacft p`usjmurs cffêms, uf hgfjt cu smjf am `‚cssghjctjgf pmrsjstcjt ï hcusm au aêsêquj`jerm acfs `c rmprêsmftctjvjtê ams 1 brchtjgfs am `c trjeu. Hmttm sjtuctjgf e`gqucjt tgutms `ms aêhjsjgfs mt c jlpchtê fêdctjvmlmft sur `c dmstjgf am `‚mcu au vj``cdm, kusqu‚mf 5??4,

gú `m eurmcu but amstjtuê. « _gur hngjsjr `ms 35 fguvmcux lmlerms au eurmcu am `‚cssghjctjgf, hnchufm ams 1 brchtjgfs am `c trjeu c prgpgsê trgjs pmrsgffms pcrlj sms lmlerms quj vgft `c rmprêsmftmr cu smjf au eurmcu, pcr uf prghmssus aêlghrctjqum mt pcrtjhjpctjb rmspmhtcft `ms hgutulms cfhmstrc`ms. Cukgura‚nuj tgutms `ms aêhjsjgfs lmttmft mf prjgrjtê `‚jftêrët dêfêrc` am `c hgllufcutê, mt ecffjssmft `m bcvgrjtjslm mt `‚jfajvjauc`jslm sgus tgutms sms bgrlms. @ms prgkmts quj sgft prgpgsês pcr `‚cssghjctjgf sgft ajshutês mt aêhjaês hg``mhtjvmlmft pcr `‚cssmle`êm ¹, mxp`jqum C`j Egufsjr Egufsjr,, prêsjamft am `‚Cssghjctjgf Qcemsecstm pgur `m Aêvm`gppmlmft mt `c Xg`jacrjtê. @c dmstjgf am `‚mcu sm bcjt sujvcft `m lëlm prghêaê, mf rmspmhtcft `m argjt hgutuljmr, jfstcurê ampujs prîs am = sjîh`ms acfs hmttm hgllufcutê cvmh ams rîd`ms strjhtms acfs `c ajstrjeutj ajstrjeutjgf gf am `‚mcu. Hmttm rêpcrtjtjgf mst cppm`êm « argjt a‚mcu ¹ mt mst aêtmrljfêm cu prgrctc ams mbbgrts bgurfjs pcr hncqum bclj``m acfs `m hrmusmlmft am `c inmttcrc, `‚guvrcdm nyarjqum quj c chnmljfê `‚mcu ï `‚gcsjs. @c inmttcrc, mst uf systîlm am arcdcdm am `‚mcu `gjftcjfm pcr vgjm sgutmrrcjfm pgur êvjtmr `c aêpmrajtjgf am `‚mcu acfs `m

lj`jmu aêsmrtjqum, hglpgsê a‚uf hcfc` sgutmrrcjf pcr gú `‚mcu mst chnmljfêm, sur ufm prgbgfamur pguvcft c``mr kusqu‚ï 3? lîtrms mt p`usjmurs ij`glîtrms am `gfdumur. @m argjt a‚mcu s‚nêrjtm a‚ufm dêfêrctjgf dêfêrc tjgf ï ufm cutrm, mt `c aurêm au tgur a‚mcu mt `m vg`ulm a‚mcu chhgraê ï hncqum cycft argjt sgft hc`hu`ê mf tmlps, hm quj pmrlmt a‚êvjtmr `ms hgfjts. _gur Qcemsecstm, j` c êtê êtce`j qum `‚jrrjdctjgf sm bcssm sur ufm aurêm am 3= kgurs quj hguvrm `c tgtc`jtê am `c supmrhjm cdrjhg`m am `‚gcsjs. Hncqum bclj``m hgffcæt `‚nmurm mt `c aurêm am sgf tgur a‚jrrjdctjgf mt `m rmspmhtm ï `c smhgfam prîs. Hm lgam am dmstjgf fm `cjssm cuhufm p`chm ï `‚mrrmur, mt hm ampujs ams sjîh`ms. X‚j` y c hgfjt cutgur am `‚mcu, `ms hgfhmrfês sm tgurfmft vmrs `m « trjeufc` ¹ am `c trjeu, quj mst hgfstjtuê am pmrsgffms hngjsjms mt rmprêsmftcft hncqum brchtjgf am `c trjeu. Hms pmrsgffms sgft cppm`êms « Lgccycfjfm ¹ (trcaujt `ms aêsjdfês). @m hgfjt mst cjfsj dêrê `ghc`mlmft, mt surtgut rcpjamlmft. @ms vj``cdmgjs gft rcrmlmft rmhgurs cu trjeufc` cvmh hm systîlm am dguvmrfcfhm. Mf rmvcfhnm, pgur `c ajstrjeutjgf am `‚mcu pgtce`m, `‚cssghjctjgf c hgfvmfu a‚chhgramr uf vg`ulm êqujtce`m pgur tgutms `ms bclj``ms, 5:1 cu tgtc`, aêtmrljfê ï 8 lîtrms huems pcr lgjs. @grsqum `‚Gbhm Fctjgfc` am `‚Mcu _gtce`m cvcjt prgpgsê, j` y c qum`qums cffêms, am prmfarm mf hncrdm `c dmstjgf am `‚mcu acfs `m vj``cdm am Qcemsecstm, mf utj`jscft `‚mcu am `c inmttcrc au vj``cdm, `‚cssmle`êm au vj``cdm, rmprêsmftêm pcr `‚cssghjctjgf, c rmbusê. H‚mst ajrm ï qum` pgjft

`‚mcu mst prêhjmusm acfs `m lj`jmu gcsjmf. H‚êtcjt ufm qumstjgf a‚jftêrët dêfêrc` aêhjaê pcr `‚mfsmle`m am `c trjeu vjc sms rmprêsmftcfts. Acfs hmttm lëlm pmrspmhtjvm a‚jftêrët dêfêrc`, `‚cssghjctjgf hnmrhncjt ampujs p`usjmurs cffêms ufm sg`utjgf cu prge`îlm am pg``utjgf am `‚gcsjs hcusê pcr `m `cvcdm ams vëtmlmfts acfs `m `cvgjr trcajtjgffm` sm trguvcft sur `c smdujc au vj``cdm. J` y c mfhgrm qum`qum aêhmffjms, `m `cvgjr fm hgfstjtucjt pcs am prge`îlm, vu qum `ms bmllms utj`jscjmft ams prgaujts fcturm`s pgur `m `cvcdm ; p`cftms scvgffmusms, crdj`m mt hmfarms. Lcjs ampujs `‚jftrgauhtjgf am `c `mssjvm hnjljqum mt `‚mcu am  kcvm`,  kcv m`, `‚mcu quj crrjvcjt mf cvc` am `‚gcsjs,, mt quj fj acfs `ms hnclps, `‚gcsjs hncl ps, mst amvmfum jlprgprm. Ams gamurs fcusêcegfams êlcfcjmft am `‚cvc` am `c smdujc. Hm prge`îlm c pmrsjstê  kusqu‚ï `‚crrjvêm au prgkm prgkmtt ams `cvmrjms hg``mhtjvms. _gur bcjrm bchm ï hmttm prge`êlctjqum, `‚cssghjctjgf brcfäcjsm `‚Mcu Au Aêsmrt, quj Řuvrm ampujs 3? cfs pgur `c scuvmdcram ams Inmttcrcs cu Xua-mst lcrghcjf, mt mf hg``cegrctjgf cvmh `ms cssghjctjgfs `ghc`ms am = gcsjs, mt a‚cutrms pcrtmfcjrms (_F]A, JFAN, GULRC, _rgdrcllm ams Gcsjs au Qc`c`mt, `ms hgllufms tmrrjtgrjc`ms..) c prgpgsê ï `c pgpu`ctjgf a‚jfstc``mr a‚jfstc`` mr ams `cvmrjms `cvmrjms hg``mhtjvms lgamrfms. @‚jfjtjctjvm c êtê cpprguvêm mt ampujs 5?32 agfh, `c `cvmrjm hg``mhtjvm am Qcemsecstm c rmlp`chê `‚cfhjmf `cvgjr (vgjr pngtgs pcdm :). Qgutms `ms bmllms au vj``cdm

rclîfmft `murs `cvcdms ï `c `cvmrjm, lgymffcft uf prjx am 3? AN pgur 3? Id, hm quj hgrrmspgfa ï uf smu` `cvcdm. Mf p`us ams vëtmlmfts, `c `cvmrjm prgpgsm êdc`mlmft `m `cvcdm ams hguvmrturms. Cvmh `‚cecfagf ams `cvcdms sur `ms sêdujcs, `ms bmllms sgft sgu`cdêms am hm trcvcj` pêfje`m mt gft aêsgrlcjs `‚gppgrtufjtê, `m `jmu mt `m tmlps pgur aêvm`gppmr a‚cutrms chtjvjtês. @c ljsm mf p`chm am `c `cvmrjm c pmrljs `c hrêctjgf a‚mlp`gj pmrlcfmft pgur amux bmllms, scfs gue`jmr `ms rmvmfus fcfhjmrs agft `ms eêfêhms sgft rêjfvmstjs acfs uf bgfas « vmrt ¹. Hm bgfas smrt ï fcfhmr `c ljsm mf p`chm am prgkmts pgur `ms bmllms au vj``cdm. « Mf smu`mlmft ufm cffêm fgus cvgfs rmlcrquê ufm aêpg``utjgf prgdrmssjvm ams mcux a‚jrrjdctjgf mt ams sg`s am `‚gcsjs, `‚ gcsjs, lcjs cussj `c ajljfutjgf am `c lgjtjê au vg`ulm a‚mcu pgtce`m hgfsgllê acfs `m vj``cdm.. Suj êtcjt utj`jsê acfs `ms vj``cdm `cvcdms am vëtmlmfts ï `c lcjsgf. Cprîs `c rêussjtm au prgkmt am `c `cvmrjm, fgus rêêhnjssgfs ï ams sg`utjgfs pgur clê`jgrmr `‚csscjfjssmlmft `jqujam fgtrm vj``cdm ¹, hgfh`um C`j Egufsjr. @m vj``cdm am Qcemsecstm prgpgsm cjfsj ufm cpprghnm cacptctjvm am dguvmrfcfhm `ghc`m am `‚mcu quj s‚crtjhu`m cutgur am `‚nulcjf mt `c prgtmhtjgf ams rmssgurhms. Lëlm ï pmtjtm êhnm``m, êh nm``m, hm lgaî`m am dguvmrfcfhm aêlgftrm qum `c dmstjgf am `‚mcu, `grsqu‚m``m mst hgfhmrtêm mt cpprguvêm pcr `c lckgrjtê, m``m s‚cvîrm p`us mbhchm mt pêrmffm.

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XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

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Dguvmrfcfhm am `‚mcu ; uf lgaî`m am dmstjgf `ghc`

Amux cpprghnms êvg`utjvm pgur dêrmr `‚mcu

@c rêdjgf au Arcc Qc`c`mt, mst hglpgsêm am = ecssjfs nyarcu`jqums agft `m p`us jlpgrtcft mst hm`uj am Dujr Dujr-[jz-Unmrjs(drcpnm -[jz-Unmrjs(drcpnm 3 pcdm 3=). M``m cagptm ufm strctêdjm am dmstjgf am `‚mcu, `ghc`m, cacptêm cux hgftrcjftms mt cux spêhjhjtês nyarcu`jqums mt h`jlctjqums am sgf tmrrjtgjrm, agft pcr mxmlp`m `m rmhgurs cux rmssgurhms nyarjqums sgutmrrcjfms pgur `‚jrrjdctjgf mt `‚mcu pgtce`m. _gur sm bcjrm, `‚Cdmfhm au Ecssjf Nyarcu`jqum am Dujr-[jz-Unmrjs ê`cegrm `m _`cf Ajrmhtmur a‚Clêfcdmlmft Jftêdrê ams Umssgurhms mf Mcu(_ACJUM), a‚ufm aurêm am 3? cfs, mt ams p`cfs am dmstjgf am `‚mcu cffum`s. « H‚mst `‚cdmfhm quj dîrm `m aglcjfm pue`jh nyarjqum mt mf hgftrñ`m `‚utj`jsctjgf. M``m dîrm `ms guvrcdms nyarcu`jqums hgllm `ms ecrrcdms, `ms bgrcdms, `ms ecssjfs am rêtmftjgf mt `ms lj`jmux cquctjqums(fcppms, hgurs a‚mcu), mt aê`jvrm `ms cutgrjsctjgfs am hgfhmssjgfs am argjt a‚utj`jsctjgf au aglcjfm pue`jqum nyarcu`jqum. _crlj sms cutrms prêrgdctjvms, `‚CEN agffm `‚cvjs sur tgut prgkmt pguvcft cvgjr cv gjr uf jlpcht sur `ms rmssgurhms mf mcu mt `m aglcjfm pue`jh nyarcu`jqum. Hgfhmrfcft `‚cdrjhu`turm, cu aêeut am hncqum cffêm cdrjhg`m, j` y c uf prgdrcllm am `åhnmrs au ecrrcdm pgur `‚jrrjdctjgf crrëtê mf hgfhmrtctjgf cvmh `ms mftjtês rmprêsmftcft `m smhtmur cdrjhg`m cjfsj qum `ms cssghjctjgfs ams cycfts argjt, sm`gf `c sjtuctjgf am `c rmtmfum a‚mcu au ecrrcdm. J` mst pcr mxmlp`m êtce`j qu‚mf hcs am sîhnmrmssm sêvîrm, `c prjgrjtê vc ï `‚jrrjdctjgf ams crerms brujtjmrs ¹, mxp`jqum Ceamrrcnlcfm Lcnegue, ajrmhtmur am `‚Cdmfhm au Ecssjf Nyarcu`jqum Dujr-[jzDujr-[jzUnmrjs.

_gur bcjrm bchm cux hgftrcjftms h`jlctjqums cjfsj qu‚ï `c prmssjgf jlpgrtcftm sur `c rmssgurhm mf mcu, `m Lcrgh c ljs mf p`chm ufm pg`jtjqum am `‚mcu quj c êvg`uê acfs `m tmlps. Cjfsj, `c strctêdjm au Lcrgh acfs `m smhtmur am `‚mcu mst pcssêm pcr amux drcfams pncsms. @c prmljîrm c hgllmfhê aîs `‚jfaêpmfacfhm acfs `ms cffêms 2? mt cvcjt cagptê ufm cpprghnm am dmstjgf am `‚gbbrm. Hmttm pncsm êtcjt hcrchtêrjsêm pcr `m aêvm`gppmlmft am `‚jfbrcstruhturm nyarcu`jqum mt c êtê lcrquêm pcr `‚jfstcurctjgf am `c pg`jtjqum ams ecrrcdms, amux amux chtjgfs strctêdjqums ï `‚êpgqum cf a‚cssurmr `c sêhurjtê mf mcu. @m Lcrgh ajspgsm cukgura‚nuj am p`us am 31? ecrrcdms a‚ufm hcpchjtê am stghicdm tgtc`m am 34,2 lj``jcras am l8. Hmttm pncsm c hgffu, mf gutrm, `m aêvm`gppmlmft am `‚jrrjdctjgf ï drcfam êhnm``m pgur aêvm`gppmr `‚cdrjhu`turm, cjfsj qum `m aêvm`gppmlmft am `‚csscjfjssmlmft `jqujam acfs `m lj`jmu urecjf (drcpnm 3 mt 5 pcdm 31). @c amuxjîlm pncsm c, qucft ï m``m, aêeutê acfs `ms cffêms 5??? cvmh `‚êvg`utjgf `‚êvg`utjgf vmrs ufm cpprghnm am dmstjgf am `c amlcfam, mt `c ljsm mf p`chm am `c fguvm``m strctêdjm fctjgfc`m am `‚mcu mf 5??:. @grs am hmttm pncsm, pncsm , `c pg`jtjqum am dmstjgf c mfhgurcdê `‚êhgfgljm mt `c vc`grjsctjgf am `‚mcu, quj quj s‚mst j``ustrêm mf pcrtjhu`jmr pcr `m `cfhmlmft au _rgdrcllm Fctjgfc` a‚Mhgfgljm a‚Mcu mf Jrrjdctjgf (_FMMJ) vjscft `c hgfvmrsjgf lcssjvm ï `‚jrrjdctjgf `ghc`jsêm. Hmttm pncsm c êtê lcrquêm êdc`mlmft pcr `m aêlcrrcdm am `c lgej`jsctjgf ams rmssgurhms fgf hgfvmftjgffm``ms cvmh `m amssc`mlmft am `‚mcu am lmr mt `c aêljfêrc`jsctjgf ams mcux sculåtrms. @c prêsmrvctjgf am `c quc`jtê fcturm``m ams rmssgurhms mf mcu mt `mur prgtmhtjgf hgftrm `c pg``utjgf gft êtê pcrtjhu`jîrmlmft aêvm`gppêms ampujs `ms cffêms 5???, cvmh `c ljsm mf Řuvrm au _`cf Fctjgfc` a‚Csscjfjssmlmft @jqujam (_FC) mt au _rgdrcllm Fctjgfc` ams Aêhnmts Xg`jams Lêfcdmrs (_FAL).

Ecssjf a m ffi`t r  r ct jgf

H nåt m  mc   u a‚  m cu

 njjfms  `m ams lch n Xc ` `m

 jv j ams `c v cdms suj v   amm su lm a tîl Xy stî

Cfh jm f ` cv gjr 

@ms `cv gjr s ut j `jsmft am `c `ms sjv m êhg`g d jqum pgur  ljfjl jsmr  `‚mb b  bm  t  am pg``ut  jgf. @ms mcux  am `cv c d m sgf t  k  km mt êms acfs am s ecssjfs am r m hy h`c d m ams m cux   d r  rj sms, quj sgft  `t r  rê  ms ï t r  rc  v mr s uf mfsmle`m am hguhnms am  d r  rc  v jmr  pny t  tg   p`cft ês. @‚mcu `t r  rê  m quj mf r mss gr t  t mst êv chuêm acfs `‚guma. J` b cut  hglp t mr  5 cfs pgur  r  êc`jsmr  `m pr g  km  k mt  am `cv mr jm ; uf m cffêm pgur  `c pr êpcr ct jgf, `c hgfst r  ru   ht jgf, `c smfsjej`jsct jgf ams b mllms mt  `c b gr lct jgf ams  d êr cft ms, mt  ufm cffêm v gj r m 5 pgur  b cjr  m `m sujv j mt `c ljsm mf p`chm au p`c f am  d mst jgf. Am ux  ams = `cv mr  jms hg``mht jv ms au pr g k  km mt  ut j`jsmft  `‚mcu ams pujt  s mt  ams hnåt m cux  a‚mcu d êr ês pc r `ms cssghjct jg fs `ghc`ms au p r g k  km mt . @ms cut r  rm  s `cv mr jms sgft  r chhgr aês cu r êsmcu am `‚G b hm Fct jgfc` am `‚M cu _ gt ce`m ( GFM M  M )  .  ). Xgur hm ; X cer jfc Em` ngucr j

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XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

   t   m    `   c    `    b   c    Q   c   c   r    A   m    a   f   g    j   d    ê   r  ,    j   f   c   s   s    j    U    t   m   c    j    a    j    n   h   c   r   r   j    M   r   m   c   r   u    t   g   f   n   m   `   s   m   c   E   r   c   c   f    t    t    j   m   r    n   e    i   c   m   X    a   ;   g   m   h    t   g   r    n   u   g    _   s

3?

Acfs `m Arcc Qc`c`mt, j` y c hgmxjstmfhm hgm xjstmfhm am trgjs typms a‚cpprgvjsjgffmlmft mf mcu pgtce`m, sm`gf `c dêgdrcpnjm mt sm`gf `c ajspgfjej`jtê am `‚mcu ; pujscdm, uscdm ams mcux am sgurhm mt `ms prê`îvmlmft acfs `c rjvjîrm. Xur `m tmrrjtgjrm gcsjmf, `ms pgpu`ctjgfs gft rmhgurs ï hms lëlms typms a‚cpprgvjsjgffmlmft, mf p`us am `‚uscdm ams inmttcrcs, uf systîlm am arcdcdm am `‚mcu hcrchtêrjstjqum au lj`jmu gcsjmf au Lcrgh.

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XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

   t   m    `   c    `    b   c    Q   c   c   r    A   m    a   f   g    j   d    ê   r  ,    j   f   c   s   s    j    U    t   m   c    j    a    j    n   h   c   r   r   j    M   r   m   c   r   u    t   g   f   n   m   `   s   m   c   E   r   c   c   f    t    t    j   m   r    n   e    i   c   m   X    a   ;   g   m   h    t   g   r    n   u   g    _   s

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@c supmrhjm cdrjhg`m utj`m acfs `c rêdjgf am Arcc Qc`c`mt Qc`c`mt tgtc`j tgtc`jsm sm

513??? nc, agft 3=1??? nc jrrjduês, `m tgut rêpcrtj

3=354?

sur mxp`gjtctjgfs cdrjhg`ms sur `‚mfsmle`m ams hjfq prgvjfhms am `c rêdjgf (Mrrchnjajc, Qjfdnjr, Ljam`t, [cdgrc mt Gucrzczctm). Guc rzczctm). @c dêfêrc`jsctjgf au Dguttm-ï-dguttm acfs `ms cdrjhu`turms mst uf cxm prjgrjtcjrm au _rgdrcllm Fctjgfc` a‚Mhgfgljm a‚Mcu mf Jrrjdctjgf (_FMMJ)

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XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

Chhîs ï `‚csscjfjssmlmft ; @m lj`jmu rurc` f‚c pcs mfhgrm tgtc`mlmft chhîs ï `‚csscjfjssmlmft `jqujam

@c prgpgrtjgf ams lêfcdms urecjfs cycft chhîs ï uf rêsmcu a‚êvchuctjgf ams mcux usêms mst pcssêm am 41,5% mf 3::1 ï >>,=% mf 5?31, sm`gf `ms rêsu`tcts au amrfjmr rmhmfsmlmft dêfêrc` am `c pgpu`ctjgf mt am `‚ncejtct am 5?31. Xj gf jfh`ut `c pgpu`ctjgf ajspgscft am bgssms smptjqums, `c prgpgrtjgf ams lêfcdms urecjfs cycft chhîs ï uf systîlm a‚csscjfjssmlmft clê`jgrê mst pcssêm am :?,?% mf 5??1 ï :4,8% mf 5?31. Hmpmfacft, `m lj`jmu rurc` hgftjfum a‚mfrmdjstrmr uf êfgrlm rmtcra acfs hm aglcjfm, hcr `c pcrt ams lêfcdms cycft chhîs ï uf rêsmcu a‚êvchuctjgf ams mcux usêms mst am smu`mlmft 5,>% mf 5?31. @c pcrt am `c pgpu`ctjgf rurc`m cycft chhîs ï uf systîlm a‚csscjfjssmlmft clê`jgrê (cvmh bgssms smptjqums) mst pcssêm am 8>,3% mf 5??1 ï =8,8% mf 5?31. Xgurhm ; Umhmfsmlmft Umhmfsmlmft dêfêrc` am `c pgpu`ctjgf mt am `‚ncejtct am 5?31-Ncut Hglljsscrjct Cu _`cf

Chhîs ï `‚mcu ; Dmfmrc`jsctjgf am `‚chhms c `‚mcu acfs `m lj`jmu rurc`

@‚chhîs ï `‚mcu pgtce`m c êtê dêfêrc`jsê mf lj`jmu urecjf ampujs 3::=. Mf 5?38, `c pgpu`ctjgf urecjfm amssmrvjm mst c`jlmftêm ï prîs am :1% pcr ams ercfhnmlmfts jfajvjaum`s mt ï 2% pcr ams egrfms-bgftcjfms. Mf lj`jmu rurc`, ampujs `m `cfhmlmft au _rgdrcllm a‚cpprgvjsjgffmlmft drgupê mf mcu pgtce`m rurc` (_CDMU3>), `m tcux a‚chhîs ï `‚mcu pgtce`m mst pcssê am 31% mf 3::1 ï >=% mf 5??4 pgur cttmjfarm :1,=% ï `c f am `‚cffêm 5?31. @c pgpu`ctjgf eêfêhjcjrm hulu`êm mst pcssêm am 8,1 lj``jgfs a‚ncejtcfts mf 3::= ï 35,2 lj``jgfs mf 5?35. @‚jfvmstjssmlmft d`gec` hulu`ê aurcft `c pêrjgam 3::=-5?35 c cttmjft prîs am 38,= lj``jcras am ajrncls Xgurhm ; Umhmfsmlmft Umhmfsmlmft dêfêrc` am `c pgpu`ctjgf mt am `‚ncejtct am 5?31-Ncut Hglljsscrjct Cu _`cf

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Uêpcrtjtjgf ams mcux supmrbhjm``m pcr ecssjf nyarcu`jqum ; ]fm drcfam ajspcrjtê acfs `c rêpcrtjtjgf spctjc`m ams mcux supmrbhjm``m @ms amux ecssjfs nyarcu`jqums am `guiigus mt Xmegu rmprêsmftmft ï mux smu`s 1:% am `‚cppgrt mf mcux supmrhjm``m au Lcrgh, c`grs qum `ms 4 cutrms ecssjfs hulu`mft `ms =3 % rmstcfts. @ms cppgrts a‚mcu acfs `m Ecssjf am Dnjr[jz-Unmrjs, `ms p`us ecs cu Lcrgh, sgft hcrchtêrjsês pcr ufm trîs bgrtm jrrêdu`crjtê scjsgffjîrm mt jftmrcffum``m mt sgft êvc`uês ï 2=2.1 Ll¸/cf. Xgurhm ; @c dguvmrfcfhm dguvmrfcfhm pcr `c dmstjgf jftêdrêm ams rmssgurhms mf mcu cu Lcrgh-HMXM-5?31

Qce`mcu rêhcpjtu`ctjb ams prjfhjpcux chtmurs jftmrvmfcft acfs `m smhtmur am `‚m `‚mcu cu mt `murs aglcjfms a‚chtjgf

Aglcjfms a‚jftmrvmftjgf

Suj bcjt qugj 7 CEN

LMQ@M

Jfvmftcjrm ams rmssgurhms mf mcu

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Lgej`jsctjgf

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p`cfjhctjgf

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GFMM

ajstrjeutjgf

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Nyarg-ê`mhtrjhjtê

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Xurvmj``cfhm am `c quc`jtê

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_g`jhm am `‚mcu

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Cssghjctjgf

C]M

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GULRC

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Qrcfspgrt jrrjdctjgf

LCAU_L

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 CEN ; Cdmfh Cdmfhmm au Ecssjf Ecssjf Nyarc Nyarcu`jqu u`jqumm  LMQ@M ; Ljfjs Ljfjstîrm tîrm am `‚Mqujpml `‚Mqujpmlmft, mft, au Qrcf rcfspgrt spgrt mt am am `c @gdjstjq @gdjstjqum um mt am am `‚Mcu. `‚Mcu. GFMM ; Gbhm Fctjgfc` am `‚Mcu mt am `‚M`mhtrjhjtê  LCAU_L  LCAU_ L ; Ljfjs Ljfjstîrm tîrm am am `‚Cdrjhu`tu `‚Cdrjhu`turm rm mt am `c _ëhnm Lcrjtjl Lcrjtjlm, m, au Aêvm`gp Aêvm`gppmlmf pmlmftt Uurc` Uurc` mt ams ams Mcux Mcux mt Bgrmts. Bgrmts. GULRC ; Gbhm Uêdjgfc` am Ljsm mf Rc`mur Cdrjhg`m H@ ; Hg``mhtjvjtê @ghc`m  C]M  C] M ; cssgh cssghjctjg jctjgf f ams ]scdm ]scdmrs rs am `‚Mcu `‚Mcu

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Ï prgpgs am `‚êtuam Hm aghulmft prêsmftm uf rmpgrtcdm rêc`jsê pcr Llm. Xcerjfc Em`ngucrj quj trcjtm `c dmstjgf am a m `‚mcu acfs `c ` c rêdjgf am Arcc Qcffi`c`mt, mt vjsm ï smfsjej`jsmr sur `c fêhmssjtê fêhmssjt ê a‚utj`jsmr `‚cpprghnm pcrtjhjpctjvm acfs `c dmstjgf ams rmssgurhms cu Lcrgh. Hmhj mst acfs `m hcarm au prgdrcllm « trcfsbgrlCbrjhc ; Rmrs ufm trcfsbgrlctjgf êhg`gdjqum mt sghjc`m mf Cbrjqum ¹. Cutmurs; Xcerjfc Em`ngucrj Majtmur; Nmjfrjhn-Eò``-Xtjbtufd UCECQ ‘ Lcrgh Hggrajfctjgf; Xgubycfm Bcrms Actm am _ue`jhctjgf; Lcj 5?3: Hgfhmptjgf mt Jlprmssjgf; Drcpng_ue Hgpyrjdnt pngtg; pngtg ; Xcerjfc Em`ngucrj

 _ue`jê pcr `c Nmjfrjhn-Eò``-Xtjbtufd UCECQ- Lcrgh, 5?3:. Rgus ëtms cutgrjsê ï pcrtcdmr, ajstrjeumr mt hgllufjqumr hm lctêrjm` pcr tgus `ms lgymfs mt sgus tgus t gus bgrlcts, sm`gf `ms hgfajtjgfs hgfajt jgfs sujvcftms ; Cttrjeutjgf ‘ Rgus Rgus amvmz amvm z hrêajtmr `‚Řuvrm, `‚Ř uvrm, jftêdrmr uf `jmf mt jfajqumr sj ams lgajffihctjgfs gft êtê mbbmhtuêm mbb mhtuêmss 9 _cs a‚ut a‚utj`jsctjgf j`jsctjgf hgllmrhjc`m - Rgus f‚ëtms pcs cutgrjsê ï vmfarm tgut gu ufm pcrtjm au lctêrjm` hglpgscft hmttm Řuvrm 9 _cs am lgajffihctjgfs ‘ acfs `m hcs gú vgus mbbmhtumz uf rmljx, qum vgus trcfsbgrlmz gu hrêmz ï pcrtjr au lctêrjm` hglpgscft `‚Řuvrm grjdjfc`m, vgus f‚ëtms pcs cutgrjsê ï ajstrjeumr gu lmttrm ï ajspgsjtj ajspgsjtjgf gf `‚Řuvrm lgajffiêm. @c Bgfactjgf Bgfactjgf Nmjfrjhn Eò`` Ucect ‘ Lcrgh fm pmut pmu t ëtrm tmfum pgur rmspgfsce`m am `‚uscdm am hm aghulmft pcr am tjmrhm tjmrhmss pcrtjms.

XMHQM]U AM @‚MC] C] LCUGH

Nmjfrjhn Eg`` Xtjbtufd Ucect - Lcrgh

Qnm Drmmf _g`jtjhc` Bgufactjgf 5?

34 Uum Qjaacs, 3??3? Ucect,Lcrgh ?= 84 5? 5? :8/:1 lc-jfbgOlc.egm``.grd lc.egm``.grd