I.
JUDUL
“STUDI KINERJA MESIN BOR DALAM PEMBUATAN LUBANG LEDAK DI PT.SEMEN PT.SEMEN GRESIK UNIT UNI T TUBAN JAWA JAWA TIMUR” TIMUR ” II. LATAR LATAR BELAKANG
Operasi Operasi penamb penamban anan an !an !an "er#iri "er#iri #ari #ari $eia" $eia"an an pemb%n pemb%n$a $aran ran&& pem'a" pem'a"an& an& penan$'"an& perem'$an #an pen%(a)an& #imana $eia"an*$eia"an ini mer' mer'pa pa$a $an n sa"' sa"' ran$ ran$ai aian an !an !an "i#a "i#a$ $ #apa #apa"" "erp "erpis isa) a)$a $an n #a(a #a(am m meme memen' n')i )i $eb'"')an pr%#'$si. Ji$a sa(a) sa"' $eia"an "eran' ma$a pr%ses pr%#'$si se+ara $ese('r')an a$an "er)amba". A#ap'n $eia"an pemb%n$aran !an #apa" #i(a$'$an sa(a) sa"'n!a a#a(a) #enan pe(e#a$an& #imana #a(am s'a"' %perasi pe(e#a$an ba"'an&$eia"an pemb%ran mer'pa$an pe$er,aan !an per"ama $a(i #i(a$'$an #enan "','an 'n"'$ memb'a" se,'m(a) ('ban (e#a$ #enan e%me"ri #an p%(a p%(a !an !an s'#a) s'#a) "er"en" "er"en"' ' pa#a pa#a massa massa ba"'an ba"'an&!a &!an n se(an, se(an,'"n '"n!a !a a$an a$an #iisi #iisi #enan se,'m(a) ba)an pe(e#a$ 'n"'$ m'(ai #i(e#a$$an. Ki"a $e"a)'i ba)-a ba"'an !an a$an #i(e#a$$an memi(i$i "in$a" $e$erasan !an berbe#a*be#a se)ina $e(an+aran #a(am %perasi pe(e#a$an "eran"'n pa#a $eia" $eia"an an pemb%r pemb%ran an !an !an #i(a$' #i(a$'$an $an&!a &!ai"' i"' #a(am #a(am )a( pemi(i pemi(i)an )an a(a" a(a" b%r !an !an #ises'ai$an #enan ,enis #an spesii$asi ba"'an !an a$an #ib%r. O(e) $arena i"' per(' #i'pa!a$an me"%#e pemb%ran !an %p"ima(& se)ina s e)ina per(' #i(a$'$an s'a"' $a,ia $a,ian n "er)a "er)a#a #ap p $ema $emamp mp'a 'an n pr%# pr%#'$ '$si si a(a" a(a" b%r b%r #an #an me"% me"%#e #e pemb pemb%r %ran an !an !an #i'na$an #a(am 'pa!a 'n"'$ memen')i "are" pr%#'$si !an #iren+ana$an. III. RUMUSAN RUMUSAN MASALAH MASALAH
Masa(a) !an m'n$in #i)a#api a#a(a) / 0.
Apa$ Apa$a) a) me"% me"%#e #e pemb pemb%r %ran an !an !an #i"era #i"erapa pa$a $an n %(e) %(e) PT.S PT.Sem emen en Gres Gresi$ i$ Uni" Uni" T'ban s'#a) #apa" men#'$'n pr%ses pr%#'$si a"a' be('m. Ji$a be('m ma$a per(' #i'pa!a$an me"%#e pemb%ran !an (ebi) eisien.
1.
Apa$ Apa$a) a) $iner, $iner,aa a(a" a(a" b%r !an !an #i'n #i'na$ a$an an saa" ini masi) masi) per( per(' ' #i"i #i"in n$a $a"$ "$an an $iner,an!a $iner,an!a #a(am men#'$'n men#'$'n $eia"an $eia"an pemb%ran pemb%ran se+ara $)'s's #an pr%ses pr%#'$si se+ara 'm'm se)ina eisiensi $er,a #apa" #i"in$a"$an.
0
IV. IV. TUJUAN TUJUAN PENEL PENELIT ITIAN IAN
T','an ','an pene(i pene(i"ian "ian ini a#a(a) a#a(a) 'n"'$ 'n"'$ men$a men$a,i ,i apa$a) apa$a) me"%#e me"%#e pemb%r pemb%ran an !an !an #i"erap #i"erap$an $an s'#a) s'#a) #apa" #apa" men#'$ men#'$'n 'n %perasi %perasi pe(e#a pe(e#a$an $an #an pr%ses pr%ses pr%#'$ pr%#'$si. si. Pene(i"ian ini ,'a ber"','an 'n"'$ men+ari s%('si #ari permasa(a)an !an a#a #an memberi$an memberi$an mas'$an !an ber'na ber'na 'n"'$ 'n"'$ penin$a"an penin$a"an pr%#'$si pr%#'$si a(a" b%r #an penin$a"an eisiensi -a$"' $er,a. V.
BAT BATASAN ASAN MAS MASAL ALAH AH
A#ap'n ba"asan*ba"asan !an 'na$an #a(am pe(a$sanaan $eia"an pene(i"ian ini a#a(a) / a.
Per)i" Per)i"'n 'nan an e$%n% e$%n%mi mi "i#a "i#a$ $ #iba) #iba)as as #i #i pene( pene(i"ia i"ian n ini ini
b.
Pene(i"ian ini "i#a$ memper)i"'n$an +'ra) )',an
+.
Ti#a$ i#a$ memp memper) er)a"i$ a"i$an an penar penar') ') -a$"' -a$"' "'n#a "'n#a
#.
2a$"%r 2a$"%r $eber) $eber)asi( asi(an an #i"en" #i"en"'$a '$an n #ari per)i" per)i"'n 'nan an ber'pa ber'pa #a"a 3is'a 3is'a((
VI. VI. DASA DASAR R TEOR TEORII
0.
Sis" Sis"em em Pen Peneb eb%ran %ran
Sis"em pemb%ran ini #apa" #i%(%n$an #a(am beberapa ma+am !ai"' "er#iri #ari / a.
Sis"em Sis"em me$ani$ me$ani$&& me(ip'"i me(ip'"i me"%#e me"%#e per$'s per$'si& i&r%" r%"ar! ar! #an r%"ar! r%"ar!*pe *per$' r$'si si..
b.
Sis"em Terma(& me(ip'"i me"%#e #enan pemba$aran&p(asma&+airan panas #an pembe$'an.
+.
Sis"em Sis"em 4i#ra' 4i#ra'(i$& (i$& me(i me(ip'" p'"ii me"%#e me"%#e pana+ar pana+aran an 5,e"6& 5,e"6& er%si er%si #an +a3i"a +a3i"asi si
#.
Sis"em Sis"em S%ni$ S%ni$&& me(ip' me(ip'"i "i me"%#e me"%#e 3ibr 3ibrasi asi re$' re$'ens ensii "ini "ini
e.
Sis"em Sis"em Kimia Kimia-i& -i& me(ip me(ip'"i '"i me"%# me"%#ee mi+r%b( mi+r%b(as" as" #an #an me"%#e me"%#e #is% #is%('s ('sii
.
Sis"em Sis"em e(e$"r e(e$"ri$& i$&me( me(ip' ip'"i "i me"%#e me"%#e e(e+" e(e+"ri+ ri+ ar" #an #an me"%#e me"%#e in#' in#'$si $si man mane"i e"i$ $
.
Sis"em Sis"em Seismi$ Seismi$&& me(i me(ip'" p'"ii me"% me"%#e #e sinar sinar (aser (aser
).
Sis"em Sis"em N'$( N'$(ir ir&& me(ip' me(ip'"i "i me"%# me"%#ee 'si 'si #an me"%#e me"%#e isi
Mes$ip'n ban!a$ sis"em !an #apa" #ipi(i)& $eia"an pemb%ran 'n"'$ pen!e#iaan ('ban (e#a$ pa#a saa" ini 'm'mn!a #i(a$'$an #enan mesin b%r sis"em me$ani$ 5per$' 5per$'si& si& r%"ari& r%"ari& r%"ari* r%"ari*per per$'s $'si6 i6 #enan #enan berba berbaai ai '$'ran '$'ran #an $emamp $emamp'an 'an &"er &"era an"' n"'n n pa#a pa#a $apa $apasi" si"as as pr%# pr%#'$ '$si si !an !an #iin #iini in$ n$an an.. 4a( 4a( "erse "erseb' b'"" $are $arena na
1
ber#asar$an pa#a per"imbanan "e$nis #an e$%n%mis.sis"em pemb%ran se+ara me$ani$ (ebi) ap(i$abe( #aripa#a s!s"em pemb%ran !an (ain. 1.
Sis"e Sis"em m Pen Pene eb% b%ra ran n Se+ Se+ara ara Me$an Me$ani$ i$
K%mp%nen '"ama #ari s!s"em pemb%ran se+ara me$ani$ a#a(a) me(ip'"i /s'mber eneri me$ani$&ba"an b%r pener's 5"ransmi""er6 eneri "erseb'"&ma"a b%r sebaai ap(i$a"%r eneri "er)a#ap ba"'anan peni'pan '#ara 5('s)in6 sebaai pembersi) #ari serb'$ pemb%ran 5+'""ins6 #an memin#a)$ann!a $e('ar ('ban b%r. Ber#asar$an s'mber eneri me$ani$n!a s!s"em pemb%ran me$ani$ "er#iri #ari "ia !ai"' / Per$'si& R%"ari #an R%"ari*Per$'si. a.
Me"% Me"%#e #e Pen Pene eb% b%ra ran n Per Per$' $'si si
Pa#a pemb%ran se+ara per$'si eneri #an mesin b%r (rock drill) #i"er's$an drill) #i"er's$an %(e) ba"an b%r #an ma"a b%r 'n"'$ merem'$$an ba"'an.K%mp%nen 'ama #ari mesin b%r ini ia(a) pis"%n !an men#%r%n #an menari$ "an$ai 5s)an$6 ba"an b%r. b%r. Eneri $ine"i$ pis"%n #i"er's$an $e ba"an b%r #a(am ben"'$ e(%mban $e,'" (shock wave) !an wave) !an berera$ sepan,an ba"an b%r #enan $e+epa"an se$i"ar 7888 m9#e"i m9#e"i$. $. Se#an Se#an$an $an re$'en re$'ensi si impa$ impa$ n%rma( n%rma( 'n"'$ 'n"'$ r%+$ r%+$ #ri(( #ri(( ia(a) ia(a) se$i"ar se$i"ar 78 "'mb'$an9#e"i$ !an berar"i ,ara$ an"ara e(%mban $e,'" iaa(a) se$i"ar 088 m. b.
Me"%#e Peneb%ran R%"ari*Per$'si
Pa#a pemb%ran r%"ar! per$'si&a$si pen'mb'$an %(e) ma"a b%r #i$%mbinasi %(e) a$si a$si p'"aran p'"aran&se &se)in )ina a "er,a#i "er,a#i pr%ses pr%ses perem' perem'$an $an5+r' 5+r's)i s)in6 n6 #an pene pener's r'san an 5+'""in9ab 5+'""in9abrasi3e6 rasi3e6 perem'$an perem'$an ba"'an.Me"%# ba"'an.Me"%#ee ini #apa" #i%(%n$an #i%(%n$an #a(am #'a s!s"em '"ama !ai"' sebaai beri$'" / 1)
Top Ha Hammer
Me"%#e pemb%ran "%p )ammer a#a(a) me"%#e pemb%ran !an "er#iri #ari #'a $eia" $eia"an an #asar #asar !ai"' !ai"' p'"aran p'"aran #an "'mb'$ "'mb'$an& an& #'a $eia"a $eia"an n ini #iper% #iper%(e) (e) #ari #ari era$an ii #an pis"%n !an $em'#ian #i"ransmisi$an me(a'i s)an$ a#ap"%r #an ba"an b%r men',' ma"a b%r. Se#an$an ber#asar$an ,enis penera$ p'"aran #an "'mb'$ann "'mb'$ann!a !a me"%#e me"%#e ini #ibai #a(am #'a ,enis !ai"' Hydrolik Top Top Hammer #an #an Pneumatik Top Top Hammer .
:
2) Down Down the the Hole Hole Ham Hamme merr (DTH (DTH Ham Hamme mer) r) Me"%#e ini mer'pa$an me"%#e pemb%ran r%"ari*per$'si !an men'na$an '#ara ber"e$anan "ini sebaai s'mber eneri #asarn!a. DT4 4ammer #ipasan #ibe(a$an #ibe(a$an ma"a b%r #i#a(am ('ban se)ina )an!a se#i$i" se#i$i" eneri eneri "'mb'$an "'mb'$an !an )i(an a$iba" me(e-a"i ba"an b%r #an samb'nan*samb'nan. +.
Me"%#e R% R%"ari
Ber# Ber#asr asr$a $an n sis"e sis"em m pene pene"ra "rasi sin! n!aa me"% me"%#e #e ini ini #apa #apa"" #iba #ibai i #a(am #a(am #'a #'a sis"em sis"em !ai"' /Tricone /Tricone #a #an Drag Bit . Diseb'" Diseb'" Tri+%ne& Tri+%ne& ,i$a )asi( pene"rasin! pene"rasin!aa ber'pa ber'pa er'san (crushing) #an #iseb'" Dra Bi" ,i$a )asi( pene"rasin!a pene"rasin!a ber'pa p%"%nan (cutting). (cutting). Sis"em !an per"ama ban!a$ #i'na$an pa#a ba"'an se#an )ina ('na$ #an sis"em !an $e#'a ban!a$ #i'na$an 'n"'$ ba"'an ('na$. :.
2a$"%r 2a$"%r*2a$ *2a$"%r "%r ;an ;an Mempen Mempenar ar') ')ii Kiner,a Kiner,a Peneb%r Peneb%ran an
Kiner,a s'a"' mesin b%r #ipenar')i %(e) sia"*sia" ba"'an !an a$an #ib%r& rock drillability drillability e%me"ri pemb%ran& 'm'r #an $%n#isi mesin b%r& #an $e"rampi(an %pera"%r. a.
Sia"*s Sia"*sia" ia" ba"' ba"'an an !an !an berpe berpena nar') r') pa#a pa#a $ine $iner,a r,a pemb% pemb%ran ran
1)
Ke$erasan (Hardness)
2)
Ke$'a"an (!trength)
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E(as"isi"as
#)
P(as"isi"as
$)
Abrasi3i"as
%)
Te$s"'r
&)
S"r'$"'r Ge%(%i
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Kara$"eris"i$ Pe+a)an
b. ock Drillability 5Dri(abi(i"as Drillability 5Dri(abi(i"as Ba"'an6 Dri(abi(i"as ba"'an a#a(a) in#i+a"%r m'#a) "i#a$n!a ma"a b%r me(a$'$an pene"rasi $e#a(am ba"'an.4a( ini mer'pa$an 'nsi #sari sia" ba"'an seper"i $%mp%sisi minera(&"e$s"'r #an '$'ran b'"ir ser"a "in$a" pe(ap'$an ba"'an.Dri(abi(i"as #ari berma+am*ma+am
ba"'an #apa"
#iper%(e) #enan mena(i$an $e+epa"an
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pemb%ran #a(am barre #a(am barre granite 5ba"' granite 5ba"' rani" !an berasa( #ari Barre&=erm%n" Barre&=erm%n" USA6 #enan a+"%r #ri((abi(i"as 5Dri((abi(i"! a+"%r6. A#ap'n r'm's )'b'nan $e+epa"an p'"ar pemb%ran #a(am barre rani" #enan r%+$ #ri(( %'"p'" p%-er #an #iame"er ('ban b%r a#a(a) sebai beri$'" / = > :0 P9#
0&<
Ke"eranan / = > Ke+epa"an Pemb%ran 5m9meni"6 P > ock Drill utput Power 5KW6 5KW6 # > Diame"er ('ban b%r +.
Ge%m Ge%me" e"ri ri Pen Peneb eb% %ran ran
Ge%me"ri pemb%ran #isini men+a$'p #iame"er&$e#a(aman #an $emirinan ('ban (e#a$. *
Sema$in be besar #i #iame"er (' ( 'ban b% b%r be b erar"i (' ( 'as pe p enampan (' ( 'ban !an )ar's #i"emb's sema$in besar se)ina a+"%r ese$an ,'a semaa$in besar.4a( ini a$an sana" mempenar')i $iner,a mesin b%r #a(am ar"i $e+epa"an pemb%ran a$an sema$in (amba".
*
Sema$in #a(am ('ban b%r
ma$a ese$an an"ara #ri((in s"rin
#enan #in#in ('ban a$an sema$in besar.Disampin i"' $e)i(anan eneri a$iba" sema$in pan,ann!a #ri((in s"rin ,'a a$an sema$in besar.4a( ini a$an #apa" men'r'n$an $iner,a mesin mes in b%r. *
Bi(a s' s'a"' ,e ,en,an #i #i b% b%r #e #enan ar ara) (' ('ban (e (e#a$ "e "ea$ (' ('r's ma ma$a pa#a $e"inian ,en,an !an sama #enan ara) ('ban (e#a$ mirin memp'n!ai $e#a(aman ('ban (e#a$ !an (ebi) $e+i(&se)ina -a$"' !an #i'na$an #i'na$an 'n"'$ me(a$'$an me(a$'$an pemb%ran ,'a men,a#i men,a#i (ebi) sin$a".4a( sin$a".4a( ini a$an a$an berp berpen ena ar' r') ) pa#a pa#a -a$" -a$"' ' e#ar e#ar mesin mesin b%r b%r ma$a ma$a -a$" -a$"' ' "%"a "%"a(( 'n"' 'n"'$ $ memb'a" sa"' ('ban (e#a$ a$an sema$in +epa".Seba(i$n!a ,i$a s'a"' ,en,an #ib%r #enan ara) ('ban (e#a$ mirin&ma$a pa#a $e"inian ,en,an !an sama #enan #enan ara) ara) ('ban ('ban (e#a$ (e#a$ "ea$ "ea$ ('r's ('r's a$an a$an memp'n memp'n!ai !ai $e#a(am $e#a(aman an ('ba ('ban n (e#a (e#a$ $ !an !an (ebi (ebi) ) besar besar&se &se)i )in na a -a$" -a$"' ' !an !an #ipe #iper(' r('$a $an n 'n"' 'n"'$ $ me(aa$'$an pemb%ran men,a#i (ebi) besar.
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Um'r Um'r #an #an K%n K%n#i #isi si Mesi Mesin n B%r B%r
Pres"asi $er,a s'a"' a(a" sana" #i"en"'$an %(e) mana,emen pera(a"an&$%n#isi $er,a #an $%n#isi a(a" i"' sen#iri. sen#iri. A(a" !an bar' "i#a$ a$an pr%#'$"i pr%#'$"i bi(a mana,emen mana,emen #ean s$e#'(inn!a "i#a$ "epa"&apa(ai 'n"'$ a(a" !an 'm'r pa$ain!a s'#a) +'$'p (ama (ama 5#ia"a 5#ia"ass 7 "a)'n6 "a)'n6.Un .Un"'$ "'$ meni(a meni(aii $%n#is $%n#isii #ari #ari s'a"' s'a"' a(a" a(a" #apa" #apa" #i(a$' #i(a$'$an $an #enan mene"a)'i $eempaa" a+"%r #iba-a) ini / 06
Kese Kese#i #iaa aan n me$ me$an ani$ i$ 5 *echanical *echanical availability& availability& MA6
Mer'pa$an s'a"' +ara 'n"'$ mene"a)'i $%n#isi me$ani$ !an ses'n')n!a #ari a(a" !an #i'na$an.A#ap'n persamaann!a a#a(a) sebaai beri$'" ? ,
MA >
5, ( 6
+088@
Ke"eranan / W > Jam $er,a a(a" R > J'm(a) ,am perbai$an 16
Kese Kese#i #iaa aan n 2isi 2isi$ $ 5 Physical Physical -vailability& -vailability& PA6
Mer' Mer'pa pa$a $an n +a"a +a"a"an "an "en" "en"an an $ea# $ea#aa aan n isi$ isi$ #ari #ari a(a" a(a" !an !an #i' #i'na na$a $an n #a(a #a(am m ber%perasi.A#ap'n persamaann!a a#a(a) sebaai beri$'"/ PA >
5, ! 6 5, ( ! 6
+088@
Ke"eran Ke"eranan an / S > J'm(a) J'm(a) ,am men'n men'n' ' a(a" T > 5WRS6 / J'm(a) ,am "erse#ia 5Jam $er,a6 :6 Perse Persen n pen pen 'n 'naan aan $ese# $ese#ia iaan an 5.se o/ -vailability persent & UA6 Mer'pa Mer'pa$an $an berapa berapa persen persen"" -a$"' -a$"' !an !an #iper #iper'n 'na$a a$an n %(e) %(e) s'a"' s'a"' a(a" 'n"'$ 'n"'$ ber%perasi pa#a saa" a(a" "erseb'" #apa" #i'na$an.A#ap'n persamaann!a a#a(a) sebaai beri$'" / UA >
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<6 Pen Pen' 'na naan an Ee$ Ee$"i "i 5 0/ective .tiliation& .tiliation& EU6 Men'n,'$$an berapa persen" #ari se('r') -a$"' !an "erse#ia #apa" #iamnaa"$an 'n"'$ be$er,a pr%#'$"i.A#ap'n persamaann!a a#a(a) sebaai beri$'" /
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EU > e.
5, ( ! 6
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Ke"er Ke"eram ampi pi(a (an n Opera Opera"% "%rr Mes Mesin in B%r B%r
Ke"erampi(an %pera"%r #apa" #iper%(e) #ari (a"i)an #an pena(aman $er,a #an ini serin aa$ s'(i" #ini(ai se+ara $'an"i"a"i $e+'a(i )an!a #i#asar$an pa#a +a"a"an )is"% )is"%rie riess #an #an $ine $iner, r,aa #ari #ari attitude "iap %pera"%r. %pera"%r. Masa(a) Masa(a) $e#isip(ina $e#isip(inan n serin #i,a#i$an #i,a#i$an a(asan %(e) pi)a$ mana,emen mana,emen #a(am meni(ai $ar!a-ann!a& $ar!a-ann!a& "api )a( ini "i#a$ "i#a$ #apa" #apa" #i,a#i #i,a#i$an $an a(asan a(asan '"ama '"ama $arena $arena pers%a pers%a(an (ann!a n!a a$an a$an sana" sana" "er$ai "er$ai"" #enan $%n#isi $er,a se+ara $ese('r')an. <.
4amba" 4amba"an an ;an ;an M'n$ M'n$in in Timb Timb'( '( Pa#a Peia Peia"an "an Peneb Peneb%ra %ran n
a.
4amb 4amba"a a"an n !an !an "a$ "a$ #apa #apa"" #i) #i)in in#a #ari ri
-
2a$"%r +'a+a 5)',an (eba"6
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Ker'sa$an a(a" b%r a"a' $%mpres%r
-
Ba"an b%r "er,epi" $arena a#an!a sesar
-
Air "ana)
b.
4amba"an !an #apa" #i)in#ari
-
p%sisi "i"i$ ('ban b%r be('m #ipersiap$an
-
mas'$n!a ma"eria( $e #a(am ('ban b%r
7.
Ta)apan a)apan*"a) *"a)apa apan n pe(a$s pe(a$sana anaan an pemb%r pemb%ran an
Ta)apan $eia"an pemb%ran se+ara 'm'm #apa" #i 'rai$an seper"i #iba-a) ini /
-
menen"'$an (%$asi !an a$an #i(a$'$an pemb%ran
-
menen"'$an p%(a pemb%ran
-
menen"'$an "i"i$ !an a$an #ib%r
-
menen"'$an #imensi pemb%ran
-
menen"'$an $e#a(aman pemb%ran
-
men'"'p ('ban "emba$ )asi( pemb%ran aar "i#a$ $emas'$an ma"eria(
A#ap'n 4a(*)a( !an per(' #iper)a"i$an pa#a saa" me(a$'$an pemb%ran a#a(a) sebaai beri$'"/
C
a)
Wa$"' #a'r (cycle time)
Wa$"' !an #ib'"')$an 'n"'$ memb'a" sa"' ('ban b%r. b%r. " > B" S" A" D" P" Ke"eranan / " > -a$"' #a'r 5meni"6 B" > -a$"' pemb%ran #ari m'$a "ana) sampai $e#a(aman "er"en"' 5meni"6 S"
> -a$"' men!amb'n ba"an b%r 5meni"6
A" > -a$"' me(epas ba"an b%r& men)emb's +'""in& #an menan$a" menan$a" ba"an b%r #ari $e#a(aman "er"en"' sampai $e perm'$aan 5meni"6 D" > -a$" -a$"' ' 'n"' 'n"'$ $ men mena" a"as asii )amb )amba" a"an an 5me 5meni ni"6 "6 P"
> -a$"' -a$"' pin# pin#a) a) $e $e ('ban ('ban !an !an (ain (ain #an #an memp mempersi ersiap$ ap$an an a(a" a(a" b%r )ina )ina siap 'n"'$ me(a$'$an pemb%ran 5meni"6
b)
Ke+epa"an pemb%ran (gross drilling rate)
Mer'pa$an per)i"'nan (a,' pemb%ran ra"a*ra"a 5$%"%r6 'n"'$ sa"' ('ban b%r #an s'#a) "ermas'$ -a$"' 'n"'$ mena"asi )amba"an. G#r > 4 9 " Ke"eranan / G#r > $e+epa"an pemb%ran 5me"er9meni"6 4
> $e#a(aman ('ban "emba$ 5me"er6
" > -a$"' e#ar pemb%ran 5meni"6 c)
Eisiensi $er,a a(a" b%r
E > 2 088@ 9 2F Ke"eranan / E E > eisien eisiensi si $er,a $er,a a(a" a(a" b%r b%r 5@6 2
> $e#a(am ('ban b%r !an #iper%(e) 5me"er6
2F > $e#a(aman ('ban b%r !an se)ar'sn!a #iper%(e) 5me"er6 d)
=%('me ba"'an !an #i(e#a$an
=
> p ( " +
> 5N * 06 S 5R B6 L + $e"eranan / =
> 3%( 3%('m 'mee ba"' ba"'an an !an !an #i( #i(e# e#a$ a$$a $an n 5m:6 5m:6
p
> pan,an p%(a pemb%ran 5m6
(
> (ebar p%(a pemb%ran 5m6
"
> L > "ini ,en,an 5m6
N
> ,'m(a) ('ban pemb%ran #a(am sa"' baris
S
> spasi 5m6
B
> b'r#en 5m6
R
> ,'m(a) baris
+
> a$"%r $% $%re$si
e)
=%('me Se"ara
=eH > = 9 5n 46 Ke"eranan / =eH > 3%('me se"ara 5m:9m6 =
> 3%( 3%('m 'mee ba"' ba"'an an !an !an #i( #i(e# e#a$ a$$a $an n 5m:6 5m:6
n
> ,' ,'m(a) (' ('ban "e "emba$
4
> $e# $e#a( a(am aman an ('b ('ban an "em "emba ba$ $ 5m6 5m6
/)
Pr%#'$si a(a" b%r
P > =eH =eH G#r E 8 Ke"eranan / P 8 g)
> pr%#'$si a(a" b%r 5m:9,am9a(a"6 > $%n3ersi #ari meni" $e ,am Kese#iaan me$ani$ (mechanical availability)
MA > W 088@ 9 5W R6 Ke"eranan / MA > $ese#iaan $ese#iaan me$ani$ W > ,'m ,'m(a (a) ) ,am ,am $er, $er,aa a(a a(a""
R
> ,'m( ,'m(a) a) ,am ,am perb erbai$a ai$an n
h)
Kese#iaan isi$ (physical availability)
PA > 5W S6 088@ 9 5W R S6 Ke"eranan / PA > $ese# $ese#ia iaan an isi isi$ $ S
> ,' ,'m(a) m(a) ,am ,am men men' 'n' n' a(a" a(a"
Mesin b%r !an #i'na$an #i'na$an a#a(a) ,enis crawler crawler drill . Mesin b%r ini mer'pa$an mesin b%r me$anis #an +%+%$ #a(am pr%#'$"i3i"as bench drilling . K%mp%nen* $%mp%nen !an "er#apa" pa#a +ra-(er #ri(( /
-
r%+$ #ri((
-
+)ain ee#& s"e(( re"ainer& #an r%# +)aner
-
b%%m
-
%s+i((a"in +ra-(er base
-
#'s" +%((e+"i%n s!s"em
-
p%-erpa+$ !an "er#iri #ari mesin #ise(& p%mpa )i#r%(i$& ('s)in air +%mpress%r +%n"r%( s!s"em
-
ra-(er #ri(( m%#ern bersia" e$%n%mis #an #apa" menin$a"$an pr%#'$"i3i"as $er,a& %(e) $arena i"' )ar's memp'n!ai sia"*sia" /
-
$emamp'an pene"rasi !an "ini
-
-a$"' e#arn!a pen#e$
-
#apa" men)asi($an ('ban b%r #enan $'a(i"as !an ba's
-
bia!a pen%perasiann!a m'ra)
VII.METODE PENELITIAN
0.
S"'#i Li"era"'r
Di(a$'$an #enan men+ari ba)an*ba)an p's"a$a !an men'n,an& !an #iper%(e) #ari / a.
Ins" Ins"an ansi si !an !an "er "er$a $ai" i"..
b.
Perp's"a$aan.
08
+.
Kar! Kar!a* a*$ $ar! ar!a i(m i(mia). ia).
#.
Br%s'r*br *br%s'r s'r.
e.
In% In%rm rmas asi* i*in in% %rm rmas asi. i.
.
Gra rai$& #an "abe(. e(.
1.
Pene Pene(i (i"i "ian an #i (apa (apan nan an
Da(am pe(a$sanaan pene(i"ian #i (apanan ini a$an #i(a$'$an beberapa "a)ap& !ai"'/ a.
S'r3ei S'r3ei e%(% e%(%i i perm'$a perm'$aan& an& #enan #enan me(a$ me(a$'$a '$an n penama penama"an "an se+ara se+ara (ans'n (ans'n "er)a#ap $ea#aan e%(%i perm'$aan 5per(apisan& re$a)an& pa"a)an& strike pa"a)an& strike #an #an dip6 dip6 #an men+ari in%rmasi pen#'$'n !an ber$ai"an #enan permasa(a)an !an a$an #iba)as.
b.
Men+%+%$$an #enan per'm'san masa(a)& !an ber"','an aar pene(i"ian !an !an #i(a$' #i(a$'$an $an "i#a$ "i#a$ me('as me('as.. Da"a !an !an #iambi #iambi(( #apa" #apa" #i'na #i'na$an $an se+ara se+ara ee$"i.
:.
Penambi(an #a #a"a
Di(a$'$an #enan +ara / a.
Me(a$ Me(a$'$ '$an an pen pen'$ '$'r 'ran an*pe *pen n'$ '$'r 'ran an..
b.
Mene(i"i pr%ses pr%#'$si !an se#an ber(ans'n.
+.
Men+a Men+a"a" "a" $e,a $e,a#i #ian an !an !an "er,a "er,a#i #i seper seper"i "i a#an! a#an!aa -a$"' -a$"' "'n "'n' '&& ,'m(a ,'m(a) ) ,am $er,a a(a"& ,am perbai$an& #an sebaain!a.
#.
Per' Per'sa sa) )aan aan !an !an bersa ersan n$'" $'"an an&& bai$ bai$ me(a me(a(' ('ii para para $ar! ar!a-an a-an se+a se+ara ra -a-an+ara ma'p'n #%$'men.
<.
A$'isisi Da"a
A$'isisi #a"a ini ber"','an 'n"'$ / a.
Men Men'm 'mp' p'($ ($an an #an #an men mene( e(%m %mp% p%$$ $$an an #a"a #a"a 'n"' 'n"'$ $ mem' mem'#a #a)$ )$an an ana( ana(is isaa nan"in!a.
b.
Men)i"'n ,'m(a) #a"a #enan me"%#e me"%#e s"a"is"i$.
+.
Men% Men%(a (a) ) ni(a ni(aii $ara$ $ara$"e "eris ris"i "i$ $ #a"a #a"a*#a *#a"a "a !an !an me-a me-a$i $i(i (i %b!e %b!e$ $ pen penam ama" a"an an&& mene"a)'i #a"a& se)ina $er,a men,a#i eesien.
00
7.
Da"a Pen#'$'n
;an #ima$s'# #enan #a"a pen#'$'n a#a(a) #a"a*#a"a !an #apa" men#'$'n #a"a*#a"a #ari (apanan. Pa#a 'm'mn!a #a"a pen#'$'n #iambi( #ari (ap%ran* (ap%ran pene(i"ian "er#a)'(' a"a' #a"a #an br%s'r*br%s'r #ari ins"ansi "er$ai".
VIII. RENCANA JADWAL JADWAL PELAKSANAAN PENELITIAN
Tabe( .0 Ren+ana Ja#-a( Pe(a$sanaan Pene(i"ian Jaua!i No
1 : < 7
I(.
Ma!et
Waktu Ke Kegiata $
0
"e#!ua!i
%
&
'
$
%
&
'
$
%
&
S"'#i Li"era"'r Penama"an Penambi(an #a"a Pen%(a)an #a"a Pen!'s'nan #ra"
RENCANA DA"TAR IS ISI
4ALAMA 4ALAMAN N JUDUL JUDUL ........ ........... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ........ ........ ........ ........ ...... 4ALAMA 4ALAMAN N PENGES PENGESA4A A4AN N ....... .......... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ........ ........ ........ ...... RINGKASAN ........................................... .................................................................. ............................................... .................................. .......... KAT KATA PENGANTAR PENGANTAR .............................................. ........................................................................................ .......................................... DA2TAR DA2TAR ISI ............................................. .................................................................... ............................................... .................................. .......... DA2TAR DA2TAR GAMBAR .............................................. ..................................................................... ........................................... .................... DA2TAR DA2TAR TABEL ............................................. .................................................................... .............................................. ....................... ... DA2TAR DA2TAR LAMPIRAN ............................................. .................................................................... ......................................... .................. BAB I.
PENDA4UL PENDA4ULUAN UAN .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... ....
01
'
0.0. La"ar Be(a$an Be(a$an Masa(a) ........... ................ .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. .................. ................... ........... .. 0.1. R'm'san R'm'san Masa(a) Masa(a) .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .............. ........... .. 0.:. T','an T','an Pene(i"ian Pene(i"ian .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .............. .................. ................. ........ 0.<. Ba"asan Masa(a) ......... .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .............. ................... .............. .... 0.7. Me"%#e Me"%#e Pen#e$a"an Pen#e$a"an .......... .............. ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........... .............. ........ 0.. Me"%#e Me"%#e Pene(i"ian Pene(i"ian .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. .................. ................. ....... 0.C. Pe(a$sanaan Pe(a$sanaan Pene(i"ian Pene(i"ian .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. ........ 0.. 4asi( ;an ;an Di)arap$an Di)arap$an .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............ ................ ................... ............ II.
TINJAUAN TINJAUAN UMUM .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .............. ................... ............ .. 1.0. L%$asi L%$asi #an Kesampaian Kesampaian Daera) ...... ........... .......... .......... .............. .................. ................... .............. .... 1.1. Kea#aan Kea#aan Ge%(%i Ge%(%i .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... .......... ........ .. 1.:. Genesa Ba"'an .......... ............... .......... .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... ........... ............... ................... ................ ...... 1.<. M%r%(%i......................................................................................... 1.7. T%p%rai......................................... %p%rai................................................................ ................................................. .......................... 1.. Kea#aan Kea#aan Seismi$.... Seismi$......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... .... 1.C. S"ra"irai.. S"ra"irai....... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............ ................ ................... ............ 1.. 4i#r%(%i 4i#r%(%i Air Perm'$aan Perm'$aan #an Tana) Tana) .......... ............... ............ ................ ................... ............... ..... 1.. I$(im #an 'ra) 4',an....... 4',an............ ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... ............. ................. ................... ............... ..... 1.08. Operasi Penambanan................ Penambanan....................................... .............................................. ............................... ........
III.
DASAR DASAR TEORI TEORI .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... ......... .... :.0. 2a$"%r 2a$"%r 2a$"%r ;an Ti#a$ Ti#a$ Dapa" Dapa" Di$en#a(i$an Di$en#a(i$an .......... .................... ................. ....... :.1. 2a$"%r 2a$"%r 2a$"%r ;an Dapa" Dapa" Di$en#a(i$an Di$en#a(i$an ....... ............. ................ .................... .............. .... :.:. Penen"'an Penen"'an Tin$ Tin$a" a" Kese#iaan Kese#iaan A(a" B%r B%r ........... ................ ............. ................. .................. ......... :.<. 4asi( Peneb%ran Peneb%ran #an Pe(e#a$an Pe(e#a$an ........ ............ ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. ............... .......
I=. I=.
KAJIAN KAJIAN TEKNIS TEKNIS PELED PELEDAKA AKAN N DAN 4ASIL 4ASIL ANALIS ANALISA A KU*RAM MODEL....................................... MODEL................................................................................. .......................................... <.0. Kara$"eris"i$ Kara$"eris"i$ Massa Ba"'an ........... ................ .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............ ................ ............ ... <.1. Air Tana) ............................................. .................................................................... ............................................ ..................... <.:. Pemb%ran Pemb%ran pa#a..... pa#a.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... ............ ....... <.<. Pe(e#a$an Pe(e#a$an pa#a....... pa#a............ .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............ ................ ................... ................. .......
=.
PEMBA4AS PEMBA4ASAN... AN........ .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. .................. ................. .......
0:
7.0. Kara$"eris"i$ Kara$"eris"i$ Massa Ba"'an ........... ................ .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............ ................ ............ ... 7.1. 2a$"%r 2a$"%r Ge%(%i Ge%(%i .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. .................. ............. ... 7.:. Kese#iaan Kese#iaan A(a"....... A(a"............ .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........... ............... .................. ......... 7.<. Peneb%ran Peneb%ran #an Pe(e#a$an.. Pe(e#a$an....... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... ........... ............... ................... ................ ...... 7.7. Ken#a(a Ken#a(a Ken#a(a Ken#a(a #a(am Keia"an Pemb%ran Pemb%ran #an Pe(e#a$an.. Pe(e#a$an.. =I
KESIMPULA KESIMPULAN N DAN SARAN SARAN .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .............. ......... .0
Kesimp'(an Kesimp'(an .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... ......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ............. .................. ............. ...
.1
Saran .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........... ................ ................... .............. .....
DA2TAR DA2TAR PUSTAKA PUSTAKA ........................................... .................................................................. .............................................. ....................... LAMPIRAN
(.
DA"TAR PUSTAKA
Ari Ir-an#!& Ir-an#!& Tambang Tambang Terbuka3 erbuka 3 & J'r'san Te$ni$ Per"ambanan& ITB& Ban#'n& 0 K%esnar K%esnar!%& !%& S. 1880. 1880. Bahan Peledak dan *etode Peledakan3& Peledakan3 & J'r'san Te$ni$ Per"ambanan& UPN “=e"eran” ;%!a$ar"a. Dr.Ir. S.K%esnar!% M.S+.& ” Pemboran .ntuk Penyediaan 4ubang 4ubang 4edak3& 4edak3 & J'r'san Te$ni$ Per"ambanan& UPN& ;%!a$ar"a& 1880. Naap'ri& J'$$a. 0C*0. 0C*0. !ur/ace Drilling and Blasting3& Blasting3 & Tamr%+$. Sam) Sam)'# '#i. i. 0< 0<.. Teknik Teknik Peledakan& Peledakan& Depar" Depar"eme emen n Per"am Per"amban banan an #an Ener Eneri& i& Dire$"%ra" Jen#era( Per"ambanan Um'm& P'sa" Penembanan Tenaa Per"ambanan.
0<