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OA02b: 1D Dynamics Due: 11:59pm on Sunday, August 21, 2016 You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy
Problem 2.67
Part A Given v(t) = 28 + 15 t, where v is in m/s and t is in s, use calculus to determine the total displacement from t1 = 1.5 s to t 2 = 3.1 s. Express your answer using two significant figures. ANSWER: Δx
= 100 m
Correct
Prelecture Video: Newton’s First Law Click Play to watch the video. Answer the ungraded questions in the video and the graded followup questions at right.
Part A Recall the portion of the video in which the girl pushes her brother on the sled at constant velocity. The pushing force she exerts on the sled is _____ the frictional force the ground exerts on the sled. ANSWER: greater than less than equal to
Correct Because the sled’s velocity is constant, the net force must be zero and the two horizontal forces must balance out.
Part B According to Newton’s first law, when the net force acting on an object is zero, the object must _____. ANSWER: be speeding up be slowing down have constant velocity have zero velocity
Correct When the net force is zero, the acceleration is zero, so the velocity must be constant. Note that zero velocity is simply a special case of constant velocity.
Part C An elevator moves straight upward at a constant speed. Newton’s first law predicts that the net force acting on the elevator will _____. ANSWER: be increasing point upward be zero
Correct An object moving in a straight line at constant speed has zero acceleration because the net force acting on it is also zero.
Part D Imagine holding a basketball in both hands, throwing it straight up as high as you can, and then catching it when it falls. At which points in time does a zero net force act on the ball? Ignore air resistance. Check all that apply. ANSWER: at the instant the ball reaches its highest point when you hold the ball still in your hands before it is thrown at the instant the falling ball hits your hands when you hold the ball still in your hands after catching it just after the ball first leaves your hands
Correct When an object’s velocity is changing, the net force on it is not zero, even if it stops for an instant.
Prelecture Video: Newton’s Third Law Click Play to watch the video. Answer the ungraded questions in the video and the graded followup questions at right.
Part A The video identifies the force pair produced when an apple falls through the air. Which force belongs in a freebody diagram of the apple? ANSWER: force of Earth on apple force of apple on Earth normal force contact force
Correct The video describes a gravitational force pair: the force of the apple on Earth and the force of Earth on the apple. The force of Earth on the apple appears in the apple’s freebody diagram.
Part B A force pair is produced when a tennis racket strikes a tennis ball. Which of the following best explains why the tennis ball does not have zero net force acting on it? ANSWER: The two forces act in the same direction. Each half of the force pair acts on a different object. The forces act perpendicular to each other. The force exerted on the ball is greater than that exerted on the racket.
Correct The forces in the force pair are equal in size, act in opposite directions, and act on different objects. One half of the force pair acts on the tennis ball and the other half acts on the racket and both objects individually experience a nonzero net force
Part C A force pair is created when you push on a large crate that rests on the floor. The crate does not move when pushed. Which freebody diagram correctly represents the forces acting on the crate? (Note: Vectors are not drawn to scale) ANSWER:
Correct Four forces act on the crate as shown. Note that the other force in the force pair, the force of the crate on the hand, acts in the freebody diagram of the hand.
Part D What explains the dramatically different magnitudes of accelerations that result when a mosquito collides head on with a moving truck? ANSWER:
unequal masses of the bus and the mosquito unequal forces exerted on the bus and the mosquito different directions of motion of the bus and the mosquito unequal velocities of the bus and the mosquito
Correct In accordance with Newton’s second law, the dramatically different accelerations result when the dramatically different masses are subjected to equal magnitude forces.
Prelecture Concept Question 4.01 Part A An object is moving in the absence of a net force. Which of the following best describes the object's motion? ANSWER: The object will speed up at a constant rate until it reaches a maximum speed. The object will continue to move with a constant velocity. The object will stop moving immediately and remain at rest until acted on by a net force. The object will continue to move with a constant speed, traveling in a circular path. The object will slow down at a constant rate until coming to rest.
Correct
Prelecture Concept Question 4.02 Part A An object is moving with constant velocity. Which of the following best describes the force(s) acting on the object? ANSWER: A constant net force is acting on the object in a direction opposite of the motion. The net force acting on the object is zero. No forces are acting on the object. A constant net force is acting on the object in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion. A constant net force is acting on the object in the direction of the motion.
Correct
Prelecture Concept Question 4.03
Part A A constant net force acts on an object. Which of the following best describes the object's motion? ANSWER: The object is moving with a constant acceleration. The object is moving with a decreasing acceleration. The object is at rest; its position is constant. The object is moving with a constant velocity. The object is moving with an increasing acceleration.
Correct
Prelecture Concept Question 4.04 Part A The same net force is applied to two different objects. The second object has twice the mass of the first object. Compare the acceleration of the two objects. ANSWER: The acceleration of object 1 is four times the acceleration of object 2. The acceleration of object 1 is onefourth of the acceleration of object 2. The acceleration of object 1 is onehalf of the acceleration of object 2. The acceleration of object 1 is equal to the acceleration of object 2. The acceleration of object 1 is twice the acceleration of object 2.
Correct
Prelecture Concept Question 4.05 Part A An object is at rest on a tabletop. Earth pulls downward on this object with a force equal in magnitude to mg. If this force serves as the action force, what is the reaction force in the action–reaction pair? ANSWER: the object pushing down on the table the table pushing down on Earth the object pulling upward on Earth Earth pushing upward on the table the table pushing up on the object
Correct
Prelecture Concept Question 4.06 Part A A large truck collides headon with a small car. The car is severely damaged as a result of the collision. According to Newton's third law, how do the forces acting between the truck and car compare during the collision? ANSWER: The force on the truck is larger than the force on the car. The car does not exert a force on the truck during the collision. The force on the truck is equal to the force on the car. The truck does not exert a force on the car during the collision. The force on the truck is smaller than the force on the car.
Correct Score Summary: Your score on this assignment is 96.0%. You received 67.2 out of a possible total of 70 points.