LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM FARMAKOLOGI SEDATIF HIPNOTIK
KELOMPOK PENANGGUNG JAWAB : 1. 2. 3. 4.
YULIA RIANI LETELAY 2443013083 FRANSISKA SH SHERLY THUNG 2443013267 PUTU KRISNAYANTI 2443013181 LOIENA ERONI!A N. 244301331" #. NAT NATALIA ANAST ANASTA ASYA SYA M. M. 244301 244301332 3323 3 GOLONGAN : $
HARI%WAKTU PRAKTIKUM : SELASA%08.00 & 10.00
FAKULTAS FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIERSITAS KATOLIK WI'YA MAN'ALA SURABAYA 2016 BAB I
PENDAHULUAN 1.1
LATAR BELAKANG
S()*+, S()*+, -(/* -(/** * ((* ((* +,+(+,+(- +** +** /+*5 /+*5 ),-** ),-** )**)**- )+,+ )+,+ ()* ()* )** )** -(9,*9* (+ ,+, )* -(* (*, ,)* -(-(9*/, (+*)**.M(// H*(+ )* K(( ;2000< ;2000<55 +()*+, +()*+, *)** *)** +/*/ +/*/ /+** /+** // // -(,-= -(,-=/ /* * (*)** (*)** (*9 (*9 )(9* )(9* (-=(,* =*. S()*, (*-* ( *-* *, ),(+(* // -(9/*9, ((9*9* +(* *>,(*+ ;(?(-*+*<. P*)* (99/** =* +()*+,5 (+*)** +(+(*9 -/*, -(// ** (*, -*+, )** -(9()*,* @** **+ )* -((+ (,*. * ,, -(/** =* *9 )** -(9,)/+, ,)/. O=* ,, ),,)/+, // -(9,*9* (+*)** *)* +** ),*/* *(+(+, /-/-. O=* & =* *9 ),/@/* // +()*, )* ,, =((@* -((* +,+(- +** /+* )(9* -(9*-=* *,,*+ GABA )**- =(,** )(9* (+( GABA +(,99* ),*+,* (( +()*, )(9* *)** (//* - ;9(* -* /=/< ;H,)**,5 2013<.O=*C=* +()*,C,, +(,9*, -(/** =* *9 +*-*5 ** (*, *9 (=, +(,9 ),**, ),**, *)** // (( ,, ,,*. *. S()*,C, S()*,C,, , (=*9, (=*9, -(@*) -(@*),, 3 99 99* * *** *** *, 99 99* * =* =* =*=, =*=,/* /*(5 (5 =(D) =(D),*D( ,*D(, ,(( )* ,(,),), ;H*(+ )* K((5 2000<. B*=,/*( -(/** 99* =* +()*,C,, *9 -*+, ),9/** ,99* +** ,,. B()*+** -*+* (@**5 =*=,/*( ),*+,,*+,* ()**- (-* (- *,/ *,/ =*=,/ =*=,/* * )(9* )(9* -*+* -*+* (@* (@* *@* *@*95 95 +()*9 +()*955 +,9* +,9* )* +*9* +*9* +,9* +,9*.Y .Y**9 (-* (-*+/ +/ )** )**- ( (- - -*+* -*+* (@ (@** *@ *@* *9 9 *)* *)** * ( (=* =*= =,* ,*5 5 -( -(=* =*= =* * )* )* -(*=,* -(*=,* *9 ),9/** ),9/** // -(9()*,* -(9()*,* (@*9 *)* *+,( (,(+,. (,(+,. B*=,/*( B*=,/*( )(9* )(9* -*+* (@* +*9* +,9* ),9/** ),9/** // *+(+(+, /-/- +((, *,/- ,(* ,(* ;P(*<. S()*9* =*=,/*( )(9* -*+* (@* +,9* ),9/** // -(,-=/* ,)/ ,)/ *)* *)* *+, *+,( ( *9 *9 +/, +/, ,)/ ,)/ +(( +((, , +(= +(=* *=, =,* * )* )* ( (= =*= *=,* ,*. . B*= B*=, ,/ /* *(( -(/** )((+* *9 (=, /* ),=*),9* )(9* 99* B' ;=(D),*D(,(< *(* *)* )+,+ ,99, =*=,/*( +(?** *9+/9 )** -(,9** )/*+, !C )* -(//* +(+,,,*+ -(-=* *+?*+,*+ (/ (*)* *+-, (+,*+, ;H*(+ )* K((5 2000<. '(9* *)** (,9** )+,+ -** )** ),,-=/* +/*/ (( ,, *9 -(/* -(/** * =(/ =(/ **-, **-, )*, )*, (*)** (*)** ,)/ ,)/.. O=*C O=*C=* =* +()*, +()*,C, C, , , -/9 -/9, , =,+* =,+* -(?**, *(+(+, **=,* ),=(,* )**- )+,+ *9 +*9* ,99,. S** +*/ ?* *)** (99/** 99* =*=,/*( )(9* -*+* (@* +,9* *,/ ,(* *9
),**, // -(,-=/* (( *(+(+,. S()*9* *)* (99/** (=*=,* )** -(,-= -(,-=/ /* * (( +*-, +*-,9 9 *9 *9 -(?* -(?*/ / 9(@** 9(@** +((=( +((=(//- +((, +((, +()*+,5 +()*+,5 **+, **+,*5 *5 ,+*9-/+ ,+*9-/+ )* *+* */ *)* *9 )(*+*. P(99/** P(99/** =* 99* =*=,/*( =*=,/*( *)* )+,+ ,99, ), -** /* )+,+ =* -(,9* )** -(?**, (( -* *,=* **+,+ *. E( *9 )** ),,-=/* ( 99* +()*, ,, +(*, (( +()*, )* ,,5 )** @/9* -(,-=/* (( *(+(+, ,99* -* (9*/9 *)* )+,+ =* *9 ),=(,*. E( +((, ,,(/ ),,)*, )(9* (99/** )+,+ )* (*, =* *9 =(*. O( *(* ,/ (?=** ,, ),*/* // -(9(*/, (( =* +()*,( )* ,, +(* -(9*-*, *)** *)*C*)* over )+,+ )+,+ 99* =* =*=,/*(. 1.2 RUMUSAN RUMUSAN MASALAH MASALAH Y*9 Y*9 -(@*), /-/+* -*+** )**- (?=** ,, *)** *)** : 1. A* +*@* +*@* (=() (=()** ** (( (( =* =* +()*, +()*, )* , ,, , 2. A* +*@* +*@* *)*C*)* *)*C*)* ( )+,+ )+,+ 99* 99* =* =* =*=,/ =*=,/*( *( 1.3 HIPOTESA HIPOTESA PERCOBAA PERCOBAAN N 1. P()* (99/ (99/** ** =* =* +()*, (,* (,* (( (( ,*9 ,*9** (+ ,+, ,+, ** ** (*, ,)* ,)*
-(9, -(9,* *9* 9* (+*)* (+*)**. *. S()*9 S()*9* * *)* *)* =* =* , ,, , (@*), (@*), ,*9 ,*9 ** (+*)**. 2. A)** *)*C*)* over )+, )+,++ ;( ;(99 99/ /** ** )+, )+,++ ,9 ,99, 9,<< +(( +((,, )( )((+ (+,, (**+* )(/ @*/9 *9 +(-*, -(//. -(//. 1.4 1.4 TUJU TUJUAN AN
T/@/* ),*/* *,/- ,, *)** // -(-=()** (( =* +()*, )* ,, +(* -(9*-*, *)** *)*C*)* over )+,+ )+,+ 99* =* =*=,/*(.
1.5 MANFAA MANFAAT T PERCOBAAN
M*** (?=** ,, *)** // -(-=(,* ,-*, (*)* (-=*?* -(9(*, (( =* +()*, ,, +(* -(-=(,* *-=** ,-/ *-*9, (*9 =* +()*, ,, 99* =*=,/*(. BAB II LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Tinjaan T!n"an# O$a"
2.1.1 P!n##%&%n#an O$a"
P(999* +/*/ =* ( )**- @(,+ +()*,C,,* -(/@/* =** (9/** (*(/, /*-** *)** -((=*=* +()*+, ;)(9* ),+(*, ,*9* *+* ?(-*+< **/ -((=*=* */ ;K*D/95 2002<. P*)* )+,+ (*, =* +()*, -((* *,,*+5 -(//* (+ (*)* (*9+*9* (-+, )* -((*9* 5 +()*9*
=*
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G9* B(D),*D(, B(D),*D(, **/ //* =(D),*D(, +** ,, -(/** =* ,)/ ((,9 )* *9 *,9 +(,9 ),9/**. S(?** /*,*,5 99* =(D),*D(, -(-/*, (( *9 *-, +*-* )(9* 99* +()*,C ,, *,*5 *-/ +(?** /*,*, +(/- *-*),*-, +(* *-*,(,* =(=()*. H* ,, -((=*=* *,*+, (*, 99* ,, (=, /*+ *(* B(D),*D(, -(-,,, =** (( *** *, (( ,+,+5 +()*+,5 (*+*+, 5 *+,,, )* *,/+, )(9* (+, *9 =(=()*C
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=()* ;G)-* *) G,-*5 2007<. G9* B*=,/* H*+, )(+*+, +,, *+*- -** )(9* /(* ),+(=/ *+*- =*=,/*. A,=* +,* (*+*-** *9 ,99,5 *+*- =*=,/* )**- 9*,+-( ()** +(=*9*, *, )* ,)* )** -((-=/+ +** )** *. P, (@* 99* =*=,/* =(*,*+, *,/ +()*,5 ,, **/ *,5 +(* *,/+, *
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,, =(9*/9 *)* )+,+ *9 ),=(,* G9* S()*,CH,, L*, 1. K*,)* K*,)* ,** )(,* -,)* )*, *. M(*=,*5 ,(* @/9* *)** ,, *9 ((,. K* +(),, =(/* -,*5 (*, ,)** -(/** ,+* *9 -(9/* +(?** *-=* ), /)** )* */ )**- -,*5 *, )* *. R*+* ,)* (*. K*,)* +*9* -(9,,*+, /, )* -(-=* -/+*. E( +*-,9 +*/* ?(* ** ,-=/ =,* *,)* ),=(,* ** (9(?(* )* )**- (*)** *-=/9 *9 +9. K*,)* *)** ,, *9 ((,. S((, =*=,/*5 =* ,, +(),, -(-(,** (( **9(,5 9(@** (+,*+, )* )(,,/- )** ),,-=/* ( *)** *+* (,. O=* ,, ,)* )** ),9/** +(=*9*, *(+(+, /-/-
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short acting < ;W,,* )* H*)5 1""#<. 2.1.2 Fa'(a)%)in!"i) O$a" •
G9* B(D),*D(, S(-/* =(D),*D(, ),*=+=+, +(?** +(-/*5 ((?/*, *D(* +(** ,, +(=(/- ),*=+=+, +(-/* +((* ((=, )*// ),)(*=+,*+, )**- ?*,* *-=/9 -(@*), NC)(+-(,),*D(*- ;)*D(*-<. P*)* =(=(** =(D),*D(, ;-,+** *D(*- )* /*D(*-< ** -(*=, *,* *9
+*-*, ( *,* +,+(-,. S((* (-=(,* *5 *)* *+-* /?* =(=*9*, =(D),*D(, ),?**, )**- */ 05#C850 @*-. B(D),*D(, )* -(*=, *,* (,* *)* (, *+-*. K(/** ,*** =(/=/9* (* )(9* +,* ,,*. B(D),*D(, ),-(*=,+-( +(?** (+(+, ( =(=(** +,+(- (D,- ), *,. B(=(** =(D),*D(, ),-(*=,+-( -(@*), -(*, *9 *, *9 ** ),-(*=,+-(
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T*=( 2.1. '** F*-*,(, O=* G9* B(D),*D(, ;G)-* *) G,-*5 1""0<. G9* B(D),*D(,
A=+=+, T-*>
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S(?** * =* ,, =((@* )**- */ 1#C30 -(,. K*)* /?* )**)** (?**, )**- */ 1C15# @-. /-( ),+,=/+, ,*C,* 4 %9. O=* ,, )** (* +** /,. W*/ */ ),+,=/+, ,*C,* 1C3 @*- )* */ */ (,-,*+, +(,* 10C2# @*-. S(,* "0 )*, =* ,, ** ),-(*=,+-( ),*, 3. M(,, S(,* "7 ),-(*=,+-(5 -(*=, +(=*9,* ),,* ( *+*- 9//*. W*/ */ *)** 4 @*-5 *, ** (=, *-* *)* (*)** ,+,*+,. M(,, -(*9+*9 +,+,- (D,- -,+-* ), *, )* (D,- )(*C ALA +,(*+(. 4. M(=*-* M(=*-* ),*=+=+, +(?** =*, =,* ),=(,* (* *)* /?* )**- *+-* ),?** )**- 1C3 @*-. S(),, (,* ( (, *+-*. S(=*9,* =(+* ),-*(=,+-( ), *,5 +(=*9,* (?, ),(+(+, // (* /,. W*/ */ )*, )+,+ /99* )**- *+-* =(,+* 6C17 @*-5 *-/ *)* (-=(,* , )** -(?**, 24C48 @*-. M(=*-* )** -(9,)/+, +(=*9,* (D,- -,+- ), *,5 *-/ =(/- ),(*/, *** )** -(9,)/+, (D,- *9 )** -(-(*=,+-(* +(),,. #. P**)(,) S(?** * **)(,) ),*=+=+, ?(* )* ),),+,=/+, +(?** /*+ =* ,, )** (* +** /,. P*)* )+,+ ,,5 70C80 ),-(*=,+-( ), *,5 +(=*9,* =(+* *9 (+,+* ),(/** (* */C*/5 +(=*9,* (?, (* /,. W*/ */ +(,* 4C10 @*-. ',(,** =* ,, ), )(,-(,+*+, ), *, -(@*), *+(*)(,)5 */ ),+,)*+, -(@*), *+*- *+(* *9 (-/),* ),/=* (=, *@/ -(@*), *=),+,)* )* *,. T*=( 2.3. '** F*-*,(, O=* G9* B(D),*D(, ;G)-* *) G,-*5 1""0<. G9* H,,CS()*, L*,
A=+=+, T-*>
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2.1.3 S"')"' •
G9* B(D),*D(, I+,* B(D),*D(, -(/@/* =*9,*
+// *9 (),, **+ ?,?,
=(D( ;A< *9 (/+, *)* ?,?, ),*D(, =(*99* /@/ ;B<. N*-/5 *(* +(-/* +(** =(D),*D(, *9 (,9 -(-,,, +/*/ +/=,/( #C *, ;?,?, !< )* ?,?, 154C),*D(,5 -*+/) ,+,* =(D),*D(, -(@*), #C *,C154C=(D),*D(,.
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G9* B*=,/* ;M/+?(5 1""1<.
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*)* +,+, )/*
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2.1.4
FARMADINAMIKA OBAT
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)(9* (+, *9 =(=()*C=()*. A)* )/* (( )*, 99* =* ,, *9 =((@* *)* @*,9* (,( *,/ *+),**+, ( +((* (-=(,* )+,+ (*, =(D),*D(, ((/ +(?** ,. )* =*)( -/+/* *9 ** (@*), *)* (-=(,* )+,+ ,99,. S-nan Sa'a P-a" P(,9** )+,+ =(D),*D(, -((=*=* )((+, SSP *9 -(,9* )*, +()*+, ( ,+,+ )* )*, ,+,+ ( +/ (*)** ,, +(,9 ),*** +(=*9*, (( *(+(+,*5 *, 99* =* ,, ,)* =(*C=(* -(-(,** (( *(+(+, /-/- *9 +(+,, *(* (+*)** *+,( (* =(** )* (*+*+, *9 ),(/* // (-=()** ,)* (?**,. P, *-*9, =(D),*D(, +*9* =(=()* *)* +(+,(+ *9 =(=()*. P*)* +(+,(+ ((/5 (* ?=* )** -(,9** (*+*)*** +(=(/- ,-=/
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=(*. P*)* )+,+ (*(+(+, +(-/* =(D),*D(, )** -(//* (** )** )* -(*,* )(/ @*/9. Sa&'an 0!'na B(D),*D(, ),)/9* )** -(-(=*,, =(=*9*, 9*99/* +*/* ?(* *9 =(/=/9* )(9* *+,(*+. 2. Ba'$i"'a" B*=,/* *)** )(,* *+*- =*=,/*. A+*- =*=,/* +(),, ,)* -((=*=* )((+, SSP5 (( +()*,C,, )* (( *,* ,-=/ =,* *)* +,+, # *)* 9/9/+* *, **/ *,. S-nan -a'a ,-a" E( /*-* =*=,/* *)** )((+, SSP. S(-/* ,9* )((+, )** ),?**,5 -/*, )*, +()*+,5 ,+,+5 =(=*9*, ,9* *(+(+,*5 -*5 +*-*, (-*,*. P*)* =(=(** ,),,)/5 )**- (*)** ((/5 -,+** *)** +*,5 =*=,/* ,)* -((=*=* +()*+, -(*,* -** -(,-=/* (+,*+, ;(9(,+** )* )(,,/-<. H* ,, -/9, ),+(=*=* *)** )((+, /+* (9*-=**. E!) ,a+a "in#)a"an "i+' E( ,, =*=,/* -(,9** * *-* ,)/ )* -(-(9*/, ,9** ,)/ *9 =(9*/9 (*)* )+,+. P*)* (99/** /*9 +(,* -**-5 (*+, (*)* (( -(,)/* (@*), )**- =(=(** *,5 )* ((* (*)* * *-* ,)/ )** -(// ,99* #0 +((* 2 -,99/ (-=(,*. P(9(,* =* )** -(,9** 9(@**C9(@** *9 +(-/* ),=*,. T%&!'an-i T(*+, (*)* ==,/* )** (@*), +(?** *-*),*-, )* *-*,(,. T(*+, *-*),*-, (=, =((* )**- (//* (( )* =(*9+/9 (=, *-* (*)* )*, *)* (*+, *-*,(,. P*+,( *9 (*+, (*)* @/9* ** (*+, (*)* +(** ()((+, SSP *,*5 +((, *. B** )** @/9* (@*), (*+, +,*9 (*)* +(** )(9* (( *-*9, *9 =(=()* +((, ,,) )* (+,,),. T(*+, +,*9 (*)* =(D),*D(, ** (@*), (*)* (( ,, )* *,*+,(*+5 ,)* (*)* (( (*+*+, . T!(,a" +an (!)ani-(! )!'ja ,a+a SSP B*=,/* =((@* *)* +(// SSP5 **// *)* +(,* (-* ,)* +*-* /**. P(9*-=** ** (@*), *)* +,*+ GABAC(9,. B*=,/* -(-(,** =(=(** (( *9 =(=()* *)* (+,*+, )* ,,=,+, *+-,+, +,*,5 **+,*+ =*=,/* -(-=*/ (@* GABA +(=*9,* -((/*, (@* =(D),*D(,. N*-/5 *)* )+,+ *9 (=, ,99, =(+,* +(=*9*, *9,+ GABAC (9,5 +(,99* *)* )+,+ ,99, =*=,/* )** -(,-=/* )((+, SSP *9 =(*.
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4.2 PEMBAHASAN
S()*,C,, *)** +(** *9 )** -((* +,+(- +** /+* +(,99* -(,-=/* (( +()*+, (-* +*-*, ,)/ /*+. S()*, *)** +(** *9 -(,-=/* +()*+,5 *,/ +/*/ (*)** (@*),* (//* ((** (*)* *9+*9* )*, /* *(* *)* ((** +,+(- +** /+* *9 ,9* ;S,+*) )* S(*)@5 1""#<. S()*, -((* (*+, (*)* (*9+*9*5 (/*-* *9+*9* (-+, ** -(,-=/* */ *9 =(* ;'@*-/,5 1""0<. E( ,, -(,=** )((+, +/+/* +** /+* *9 (=, -(@ )*,*)* +()*+, )* ,, )** ),?**, )(9* +(=*9,* =(+* =* +()*, ** )(9* -(,9** )+,+ ;K*D/95 1"8"<. S** +*/ ? =* *9 (99* +()*,C,, *)** (=*=,* *9 ),9/** *)* *,/- *, ,,. F(=*=,* +(=*9*, *,/+* -(/** //* =*=,/* *9 ((, )* (-*+/ )**- *(9, =*=,/* long acting =()*+** )/*+, *+, =* *9 ),,-=/*. E( /*-* (=*=,* *)** )((+, *)* +,+(- +** /+*. E( ,, ),?**, )(9* ?** =(,** )(9* -(C-( -(/( (+( GABA *)* -(-=* (/ +,+(- +** /+*. I** ,, ** -(,9** *-* (-=/** ** , ,)* *9 ),*,*+, ( GABA. P*)* +(*+, ,99,5 (=*=,* @/9* =(+,* +(=*9*, GABA-,-(, ),-** ** -(9*,* ** ,)* +(?** *9+/9. P(,+,* ,, -((=*=* -*+/* , ,)* *)* =*)* (/ +(,99* (+,* ,* -(-=* (/ -(@*), (=, (9*, ;T@*5 2002<. P*)* *,/- ,, ),*/* 3 (*/* *)* 3 (- -(?, *,/ (- (*-* )* ()/* ),=(,* )+,+ (=*=,* -*+,9C-*+,9 #0 -9%209 BB )* 100-9%1009 BB )(9* /-( (-=(,* -*+,9C-*+,9 052# -%209 BB )* 05# -%209 BB +()*9* *)* (- *,* ),=(,* */*)(+ +(=*9*, (- )** (?=**. K(- ),9/** // -(9(*/, (( =* +()*,C,, (*)* *,,*+ -(?, ;@/-* @(9/*5 (?(** **+5 +,* /=/< @,* ),=*),9* )(9* *,,*+ -(?, -* ;** (-=(,* =*<. P(-=(,* =* ),*/* -(*/, /( ( * -(99/** +/, *%+)( *9 ),-*+/* -(*/, *9,C*9, -// -(?, ( )**- (+*9/+.
'*, *+, (9*-** -(99/** *- ), )*** )** @/-* @(9/* )*, -(?, *)* )+,+ (=*=,* #0-9%209BB (=, =** ),=*),9 )(9* @/-* @(9/* )*, -(?, *)* )+,+ (=*=,* 100-9%209BB. H* ,, ),*(**5 )(9* (,9** )+,+ *9 (=, ,99, *)* -(?,5 -** (( +()*+, *9 ),=(,* ** +(-*, =(+* ,99* -(/@/ *)* (( ,,5 * ,, @/9* -(-(9*/, *,,*+ -(?,. '**(*)** *9 -*5 -(?, ** -(*/* *,*+ -, +** +*/* *,/ -(@(9/5 )(9* (-=(,* =* +()*+, ** -(//* *,,*+ -, (+(=/5 +(,99* -(?, ,)* =** -(*/* *,,*+. N*-/5 *)* )+,+ (=*=,* #0-9%209BB @,* ),=*),9* )(9* (- -(/@/* @/-* @(9/* -(?, *9 (=, ,99,5 * ,, =,+* (@*), *(* =** *5 +** +*/* *)** (*/* *9 =(=()* )*, +(,* -(?, *9 -(-(9*/, ),+, -(?,. S(+ *9 ),,-=/* *)* -(?, )** -(//* *,,*+* +(,99* *)* (- =,+* +*@* (@*), (//* *,,*+ -(?, )* @/-* @(9/* *9 ),*+,* (=, +(),, @,* ),=*),9* )(9* (- -(?, *9 ),=(, =* (=*=,*. F* *,*5 *** *, )*, /( (-=(,* =* *9 ),=(,*. ',-** /( (-=(,* =* *9 ),=(,* *)** -(/, (*. '(9* /( ( * )** -(-(*-* onset of action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
(-
-*+,
-(/@/*
*,,*+C*,,*+
-,
-(?,
;9-,95
-((9*95 ( (9*9<5 +()*9* )(9* (,9** )+,+ -(?,5 (@*), (/=** +,* /=/ *)* -(, ( # ,99* ( 20 *9 -(/@/* +,* *9 (=, (*9 )* ),*-. B** *)* )+,+ (=*=,* *9 (=, ,99,5 +,* /=/ -(?, (=, (*+ ;),*-5 ( -(9()/ )* //<. H* ,, ),*(** (( +()*, )* , *9 +(-*, -(,9*)(9* =(@*** */ )* (,9** )+,+ *9 ),=(,*. H*+, (9*-** *)* Hole board ),/@/* // -(9// *,,*+ -, *,/ @(9/* -(?, +*-* +((, (9*-** *)* *-. ',)*** =**5 )(9* -(,9** )+,+ *9 ),=(,* *)* -(?, )** -(-(9*/, *,,*+ -(@(9/ )*, -(?,5 * (+(=/ ),*(** =* =*=,/* ;(=*=,*< )** -(-(9*/, +,+(- ),*+, *)* * +(,99* *,,*+ )*, -(?, -/*, -(//. N*-/5 +*-* ** )(9* (9*-** *)* *-5 *)* (- *9 ),=(,* =* -(-=(,* @/-* @(9/* *9 (=, =** *)* (- . H* ,, =,+* ),(9*/, =** * *** *, ),+, -(?,5 (*/* *)* -(?,5 /( (-=(,* =*5 (+*** (*/* +** (-=(,* =*5 /-/ )* @(,+ (*-, -(?, P*)* -(?, -*5 */ *9 ),(/* // @*/ )*, *) *,/ 3 -(, ),*(** +,+(- +** )*, -(?, -*+, ( +(?** -* +(,99* -(?, )** -(-(*** (+(,-=*9* /=/ *)* ** *). '(9* (-=(,* )+,+ (=*=,* #0-9%209BB (,* -(?, -*+, )** -(-(*** (+(,-=*9* *)* ** *) +(*-* 3 -(,5 +()*9* *)* (-=(,* (=*=,* )+,+ 80-9%9BB (+(,-=*9* -(??, -/*, ,)* )** ( +(,99* -(?, ** )** =(** +(*-* -(, *)* ** *). H* (+(=/ ),*(** (,9** )+,+ (=*=,* -(-(9*/, +,+(- ),*+, -(?, +(,99* (+(,-=*9* -(?, *)* ** *) (=, (?,5 (( +()*+, )* ,, +/)* ),,-=/* ( -(?,. P*)* (9*-** evasion board 5 ),*/* (9*-** *)* */ *9 ),=//* -(?, -((*,
=** ,99* ( **+ ** (?=** ;evasion board <. *)** ((
+()*,C,, *9 ),,-=/* ** -(-(*@*9 */ *9 ,* =//* // +*-*, ( /?* **5 *(* (@*), (//* *,,*+. H* ,, (,* *)* )** (9*-** (- -(?, *9 ),=(,* )+,+ (=*=,* #0-9% 209 BB @,* ),=*),9* )(9* -(?, 5 *9 -(-=//* */ *9 (=, *-* // +*-*, ( /?* ,99* 12 )(,.
BAB 8 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 KESIMPULAN
1. P(-=(,* (=*=,* *)* )+,+ ()* *,/ #0-9%209 BB -(,-=/* (( +()*+, *,/ -(9/*9, (?(-*+*5 -(-=(,* *+* (*9. T*, **=,* )+,+* ),,9**5 (( *9 ),*+,* =/* *9, +()*, -(*,* ,, *9 )** -(,-=/* (*)** +((, ,)/. 2. S(-*, ,99, )+,+ *9 ),=(,* +(-*, =(+* )* ?(* (( +()*, )* ,, *9 (*), *)* (* ?=*.
5.2 SARAN PENELITIAN P(9*/ /( (-=(,* )* (=()** (*/* (*)* *,,*+ -(?, @**
;M/+ -/+?//+< *9 ),=(,* =* (=*=,*.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
G)-* *) G,-*5 20075 Dasar Farmakologi Terapi5 E),+, 105 ',(@(-** )*, B**+* I99,+ ( A-*,*5 EG!5 J***. H*((5 W. 1"835 A*9,++ B(D),*D(,(: /?,* *+(?+5 I B,99,5 G. *) !+*5
E. Benzodiazepine
recognition
site
ligands:
biochemistry
and
pharmacology5 2) ().5 R*( P(++5 N( Y5 . 73C"3. H,)**,5 A*. 2013. Ui !fek "edatif !kstrak n#Heksan dari Daun $ratom %Mitragyna speciosa $orth&' pada Mencit (antan )alur B*+B,c& P,** : U,(+,*+ T*@/9/*. K*D/95 B.G. ;()+<. 20025 Farmakologi Dasar dan $linik . P((@(-* )* E), : B*9,* F*-*9, F*/*+ K()(* U,(+,*+ E*99*5 E),+, 75 S*(-=* M(),*5 J***. K((5 J?(5 L.5 )* H*(+5 E(5 R.5 2000.5 Farmakologi -.endekatan .roses $epera/atan0.5 J*** : EG!. M/+?(5 E+. 1""15 Dinamika 1bat Farmakologi dan Toksikolog2 E),+, #5 ITB5 B*)/9. S/?5 M*5 A.5 '*(-*5 P.5 *) B*5 !.5 2000.5 The laboratory mouse.5 N( Y : !R! P(++ W,,*5 M.S.S )* H*)5 T.5 1""#5 H,,CS()*, )* A5 )**- G*,+**5 S.G.5 ;E)+<5 Farmakologi dan Terapi5 E),+, 45 5 U,(+,*+ I)(+,*5 J***. 124C 137.
TUGAS 1.
bat B bat A
Koma
Anestesi
&ipnotik
A
: (,9** )+,+ -()((+, /+* (**+* )* *+- ), -()/* +*-*, )(9* -* ( -*, ! : =*=,/* )* * ( )( +()*,(C,?+
B
: (,9** )+,+ -(9** *)* (*)** *(+(+, /-/! : =(D),*D(,( )* ( )/9+
M(*,+-( B(D),*D(,( M(-(/* ,,=,+, GABAC(9, *)* +(// ,9* (/*+,+5 (-*+/ • •
+,* ?)5 +/=+*+,* ,9*5 ?(> ?((=(/- )* +((=/I(*+, BCGABA ( -(,9** (@*),* (-=/** ** , ,)* ;-(,9** *,,*+ (+( (*)* GABA<( (@*), ,(*,+*+, -(-=* ( (//* ,,9C*(%(?(** *,*+, (/ ), * ( (( +()*+, ! =* 99* B(D),*D(,(: 1. S *?,9:A*D*-5 H**D(*-5
L*D(*-5
O>*D(*-5
M(=*-*( 2. L9 *?,9:K),*D(>,)(5 K*D(*( ;)/9<5 ',*D(*-5 P*D(*-
!** (@* =(D),*D(, *)**: P(+,*+, ,,=,+, (/ )(9* *+*- C*-,=/,* ;GABA< +(=*9*, -(),* ( -( (+,* ((, +(*@*9 -(-=* +( )* +( -(@*), +/* ((+,*+,.
M(*,+-( (@* B*=,/* M(-*+,,*+, (@* GABA )(9* ?** -(,9** )/*+, ;*-*< • •
(-=/** GABA 9*() ?*( '+,+ : =(+,* GABAC-,-(,5 -(9*,* **C** ,
•
,)* +(?** *9+/9 K(@* /*9 +((, ( -()((+, (/*+-,( (+,*, )* (/*+-,+, GABA
K*+,,*+, B*=,/* =()*+** )/*, *?,:
1. U*
+
*?,9
;2C4
@*-<
:M((>,*5
T,(*5
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righting refle3 *,/5 (-*-/* -, // -(-=*,* (-/** /=/. P(9/@,* righting refle3 ),*/* )(9* -((** -(?, ),-(@* *9 (-/*** )** )(9* +,+, ((*9 ** +(=(* (-/),* (*+ )* ?** */ *9 ),(/* -(?, // (-=*, ( +,+, +(-/* ;'*-5 2011<. 4onflict test ),*/* )(9* ?** ,/+ ),*, // -((* =* =(/*9 *, // -()*** (( -*** +*-*, ,9* (++ *9 ,99, )* +,+(. U+/ , (-/),* ),((**: *)* ,(*5 ),*)*, )(9* =* +,* ()(9**5 -((* *+, )**- //-* +(+(*, )**- =(/ +(9** ,+, +(*, *),* )*, (( -***. B,*+**5 ,/+ =((, -((* =* ;,,=,+, (,*/<5 )* )(9* )(-,,* -(9,)*, +?5 +(-(** +,* ()(9*. P(9*/ =* *>,,? *)** // -(,9** (( ((*5 +(,99* ,/+ (/+ -((* =* // *),* -(+,/ //-* ;!*(5 2006<. M()( /@, chimney test *,/ -(?, ),(-** ), )**- +/*/ +,,)( +(*@*9 30 ?- *9 ),=(, *)**)* (,99,* 30 ?- )* ),*-(( *=/9 258 ?-. S,,)( ),(9** )**-+,+, (,* )* ,/+ ** =(/+** -(-*@* ),),9 +,,)(. P*)*
