Diseño de Una Tolva de Alimentación

REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA POLITÉCNI CA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” CARÚPANO. ESTADO SUCRE

DISEÑO DE UNA TOLVA DE ALIMENTACIÓN PARA EL MOLINO DE LA CHOCOLATERA DUARTE EN LA COMUNIDAD EUGENIO PEÑA III, PARROQUIA TUNAPUY, MUNICIPIO LIBERTADOR, ESTADO SUCRE

Tutor(a) Mto!o"#$%&o(a)' Licda. Nailiani Valdivi!". Tutor Tutor T+&%&o In4. &5an Ca$l"6 I!a45i$$

Part%&%at* #a$%an &ai$" C.I' ().*+,.-- Riv$a /ilv$ CI' () ().0*,.((* T"$ca11 Li!2$1 C.I' (3.*+.033 Vl7685! R"9$ CI' (3 (3.)(:.):)

Ma$!" d (3)0

REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” PRO;RAMA NACIONAL DE #ORMACIÓN EN IN;ENIER
 Tu  Tutora Mto!o"#$%&a' Lcda. Nailiani Valdivi!" Valdivi!" Tutor Tutor T+&%&o' T+&%&o ' In4. &5an Ca$l"6 I!a45i$$

Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Li!2$ 1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

DISEÑO DE UNA TOLVA DE ALIMENTACIÓN PARA EL MOLINO DE LA CHOCOLATERA DUARTE EN LA COMUNIDAD EUGENIO PEÑA III, PARROQUIA TUNAPUY, MUNICIPIO LIBERTADOR, ESTADO SUCRE R*u El d1$9ina$ la 6i15aci>n ac15al d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ %5 "6i2l 9dian1 5na vi6i1a a 61a  la in1$acci>n c"n 65 $"i1a$i" #$d D5a$1. S $ci2i$"n nc6idad6  6 6lcci"n" l di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin". S  $"cd a %"$95la$ 5n "21iv" 4n$al  6c%ic"6@ c"$$6"ndin16 al di6". Pa$a l"6 c7lc5l"6  $"cdi9in1"6 6 1"9" n c5n1a la6 6ci%icaci"n6 d la 9a85ina  2a" 85F c$i1$i"6 1$a2aa@ dl 9i69" 9"d" 6 256c" l 6"  l v"l59n dl caca" $"9diad"@ l54" 6 ?i!" 5na $52a dl 7n45l" d %$icci>n n c"n5n1" a l"6 4$an"6 dl caca" caca" 6in c"nc?a  d2id" d2id" a 85 la 9a85ina 9a85ina 1$a2aa l caca" caca" n d"6 61ad"6' 6"lid"  li85id" G9an1ca  lic"$ d caca"H@ 6 $"9dia 5n 7n45l" d %$icci>n a$a d6a$$"lla$ la %5$!a c"n 85 6$7 a$$a61$ad" l caca". C"n la dn6idad  la 9a6a 6 "21in l v"l59n 1"1al d la caacidad d la 1"lva@ 6 calc5lan 1"da6 la6 di9n6i"n6 da la 1"lva. S $ali!a la la2"$aci>n dl lan"@ l"4$and" alcan!a$ 1"d"6 l"6 "21iv"6 dl $"c1". T"lva. Caca". Ma85ina. M"lin". Plan"6. Pa"a-ra* &"a.*' T"lva.

2

REPÚBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” PRO;RAMA NACIONAL DE #ORMACIÓN EN IN;ENIER
 Tu  Tutora Mto!o"#$%&a' Lcda. Nailiani Valdivi!" Valdivi!" Tutor Tutor T+&%&o' T+&%&o ' In4. &5an Ca$l"6 I!a45i$$

Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Li!2$ 1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

DISEÑO DE UNA TOLVA DE ALIMENTACIÓN PARA EL MOLINO DE LA CHOCOLATERA DUARTE EN LA COMUNIDAD EUGENIO PEÑA III, PARROQUIA TUNAPUY, MUNICIPIO LIBERTADOR, ESTADO SUCRE R*u El d1$9ina$ la 6i15aci>n ac15al d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ %5 "6i2l 9dian1 5na vi6i1a a 61a  la in1$acci>n c"n 65 $"i1a$i" #$d D5a$1. S $ci2i$"n nc6idad6  6 6lcci"n" l di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin". S  $"cd a %"$95la$ 5n "21iv" 4n$al  6c%ic"6@ c"$$6"ndin16 al di6". Pa$a l"6 c7lc5l"6  $"cdi9in1"6 6 1"9" n c5n1a la6 6ci%icaci"n6 d la 9a85ina  2a" 85F c$i1$i"6 1$a2aa@ dl 9i69" 9"d" 6 256c" l 6"  l v"l59n dl caca" $"9diad"@ l54" 6 ?i!" 5na $52a dl 7n45l" d %$icci>n n c"n5n1" a l"6 4$an"6 dl caca" caca" 6in c"nc?a  d2id" d2id" a 85 la 9a85ina 9a85ina 1$a2aa l caca" caca" n d"6 61ad"6' 6"lid"  li85id" G9an1ca  lic"$ d caca"H@ 6 $"9dia 5n 7n45l" d %$icci>n a$a d6a$$"lla$ la %5$!a c"n 85 6$7 a$$a61$ad" l caca". C"n la dn6idad  la 9a6a 6 "21in l v"l59n 1"1al d la caacidad d la 1"lva@ 6 calc5lan 1"da6 la6 di9n6i"n6 da la 1"lva. S $ali!a la la2"$aci>n dl lan"@ l"4$and" alcan!a$ 1"d"6 l"6 "21iv"6 dl $"c1". T"lva. Caca". Ma85ina. M"lin". Plan"6. Pa"a-ra* &"a.*' T"lva.

2

D!%&ator%a

A n561$" Di"6 1"d" "d$"6"@ "$ da$n"6 la vida  $9i1i$n"6 l ?a2$  ll4ad" ?a61a 61 9"9n1" 1an i9"$1an1 d 9561$a %"$9aci>n $"%6i"nal. A n561$"6 ad$6@ "$ inc5lca$n"6 25n"6 val"$6@ $incii"6  "$ 65 a"" c"n>9ic"@ a$a 85 6a9"6 4$and6 $"%6i"nal6 d la R2lica.

#a$%an &ai$"  Riv$a /ilv$   T"$ca11 Li!2$1  Vl7685! R"9$ 

3

A$ra!&%%to* A Di"6 6$ 9a$avill"6" "$ da$n"6 %5$!a6  % a$a l"4$a$ l" 85 n"6 a$ca i9"6i2l 1$9ina$. A n561$a 85$ida T51"$a M1"d"l>4ica@ Lcda. Nailiani Valdivi!" "$ 65 a"" 1"1al@ 65 a9i61ad n 61 la$4" 1$ac1"@  "$ 61i95la$n"6 a$a 645i$  c$cind" in1lc15al9n1. A l"6 T51"$6 TFcnic"6 In4. &5an Ca$l"6 I!a45i$$  &66 R"d$45! "$ 65  $di6"6ici>n $9ann1  inc"ndici"nal n acla$a$ n561$a6 d5da6  "$ 656 65261ancial6 654$ncia6 d5$an1 la la2"$aci>n d l"6 c7lc5l"6@ 4$acia6 "$ 65 a9i61ad. Al 6"$ #$d D5a$1 "$ ?a2$n"6 2$indad" la in%"$9aci>n nc6a$ia   $9i1i$n"6 1$a2aa$ n 65 9ic$" 9$6a@ 4$acia6 "$ 65 a1nci>n. A n561$"6 %a9ilia$6 85in6 "$ ll"6 6"9"6 l" 85 6"9"6. N561$"6 ad$6@ a25l"6  a$a@ "$ 65 a""@ c"n6"6@ c"9$n6i>n@ a9"$@ a5da n l"6 9"9n1"6 di%cil6@  "$ a5da$n"6 c"n l"6 $c5$6"6 nc6a$i"6 a$a 615dia$. P56 n"6 ?an dad" 1"d" l" 85 6"9"6 c"9" $6"naJ val"$6@ $incii"6@ ca$7c1$@ 9"@  $6v$ancia  c"$a a$a c"n645i$ n561$"6 "21iv"6.

Gracias

4

/!%& P0$1 R659nKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. ii Ddica1"$iaKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. iii A4$adci9in1"6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. iv nKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK ) #a6 I' D6c$ici>n dl P$"c1" ). Dia4n>61ic" 6i15aci"nalKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK..  ).). N"92$ d la O$4ani!aci>nKKKKKKKKKKKKK  ).).). Vi6i>n  Mi6i>nKKKKKKKKKKKKK.........  ).(. L"cali!aci>n ;"4$7%icaKKKKKKKKKKKKK..  ).*. R6a i61>$icaKKKKKKK........................................ 0 ).. O$4ani!aci"n6 Vinc5lada6 c"n l P$"c1"KKKKK..... 0 ).0. An7li6i6 Si15aci"nal Gdia4n>61ic"HKKKKKKKKKK. 0 ).:. M1"d"l"4a Dia4n"61icaKKKKKKKKK.................. : ).:.). P"2laci>n@ M561$a " S51" dl E615di"KKKKK.. : ).:.(. TFcnica6 d In61$59n1"6 d Rc"lcci>n d Da1"6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK : ).+. P$"2l9a6@ Nc6idad6  P"1ncialidad6 dl n1"$n"KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK : ).+.). Slcci>n dl 19a d6a$$"llad"KKKKKKKKK. + ).+.(. Al1$na1iva6 d 6"l5ci>nKKKKKKKKKKKK. + ).-. O21iv"6 dl P$"c1"KKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. + ).-.). O21iv" ;n$alKKKKKKKKKKKKK....... + ).-.(. O21iv"6 E6c%ic"6KKKKKKKKKKKKK + ).,. &561i%icaci>nKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK... Ra!"n6 85 c"nllvan a $ali!a$ l P$"c1" D6d l 5n1" d vi61a' T>$ic"............................................................................. TFcnic"  in1$acci>n c"n la c"95nidad 5 "$4ani!aci>n. ).)3. Ba66 L4al6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK...  N"$9a Vn!"lana. Ac$"6. D%inici"n6  cla6i%icaci>n. C"vnin -3*-, KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK  N"$9a vn!"lana. S"ldad5$a  c"$1. D%inici"n6. C"vnin +,,+, KKKKKKKKKKK........................................... )3 ).)). Vinc5laci>n dl P$"c1" c"n l Plan d D6a$$"ll" Ec"n>9ic"  S"cial d la Naci>n Vi4n1@ lna6 d inv61i4aci>n dl P$"4$a9a Naci"nal d #"$9aci>n  T$an6v$6alidad c"n l  P$"c1"@ S"ci" C$1ic"  P$"%6i"nal. )) #a6 II' Plani%icaci>n dl P$"c1" 5

(. Ba66 1>$ica6 $%$ncial6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK (.). Plan d acci>nKKKKKKK........................................... (.(. C$"n"4$a9a d ac1ividad6KKKKKKKKKKKK.. (.*. P$65561"KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.... #a6 III. P$"561a d P$"d5c1"6  S$vici"6 *.). O21iv"6 d la P$"561a C7lc5l"6  $"cdi9in1"6KKKKKKKKKKKKK.. *.(. M9"$ia D6c$i1ivaKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. *.(.). D6c$ici>n dl P$"d5c1" " S$vici"KKKKKKK. *.(.(. P$6n1aci>n dl P$"d5c1" #inalKKKKKKKKK #a6 IV. R65l1ad"6  L"4$"6 dl P$"c1" .). C"ncl56i"n6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK .(. Rc"9ndaci"n6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK. Bi2li"4$a%aKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK.. ;l"6a$i" d TF$9in"6KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK. An"6 Ma1$i! #ODAKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK. M9"$ia %"1"4$7%icaKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK..

6

)* ), ( (: (+ 03 0( 00 0+ 0:3 : :0

Itro!u&&%# La nc6idad ac15al n l a6 6 la d d6a$$"lla$ 9cani69"6 a$a da$ a1$76 l"6 $"c6"6 9an5al6@ c"9" l 85 6 lan1a n 61 P$"c1" S"ci" In14$ad"$. En l 9i69" 6 anali!a$7  "1i9i!a$7 l $"c6" ac15al d la 9ic$" $"d5cci>n d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 n la C"95nidad d E54ni" Pa III@ Pa$$"85ia T5na5. En vi61a d 85 l Caca" 6 c"n6id$ad" c"9" 5n c5l1iv" %"$61al 6561n1a2l@ 61 6 caa! d 4n$a$ 2n%ici"6 c"n>9ic"6 a l"6 ca96in"6@  c"n la inc"$"$aci>n dl $"c1" 6"ci" in14$ad"$ a la6 c"95nidad6@ 6 256ca $"9"v$  ac1iva9n1 l c5l1iv" dl Caca"@ a %in d inc$9n1a$ la $"d5cci>n dl 9i69" n l  a6. Ca2 d61aca$ 85 la $51aci>n dl $52$" 6 $9"n1a 033 a"6 d6d l 1i9" d la c"n85i61a 6a"la. La6 c"ndici"n6 cli971ica6  4"4$7%ica6 dl a6 l" ?acn 5n ?"4a$ idal a$a la $"d5cci>n dl $52$".

En c5an1" a la ind561$ia c?"c"la1$a@ 61a 6 c"9"n d div$6a6 9785ina6 85 $ali!an %5nci"n6 d ?"$nad"@ d69n5!ad"@ 9!clad"  $n6ad" dl caca" n1$an1. El c?"c"la1 6 "%$c al 9$cad" n 5na va$idad d $"d5c1"6 85 van d6d la6 115$a6 5lv$5ln1a6 dl caca" n "lv"@ a61"6a6 c"9" 6 l ca6" d la6 c$9a6 d caca"@ l85ida6 c"9" la6 22ida6 d caca"@ 6>lida6 c"9" l"6 2"92"n6. El c?"c"la1 c"9" $"d5c1" %inal 6 5na 9!cla d 1$6 6>lid"6' 9a6a d caca"@ 9an1ca d caca"  a!ca$. A 19$a15$a c$cana a l"6 *+ "C 6"l" la 9an1ca d caca" 6 %5nd dand" a la 9!cla 5na $"idad %l5ida. El c"n1$"l d la6  $"idad6 d la 9an1ca d caca" 6 %5nda9n1al n la $"61$a dl c?"c"la1. El c?"c"la1 %"$9a a$1 d div$6"6 l9n1"6 d $"61$a@ c"9" ?lad"6@ 1a$1a6@ d5lc6.

1

El a6c1" %inal  la6 va$idad6 d c?"c"la1 6 c"9$ciali!an n div$6"6 %"$9a1"6 85 5dn i$ d6d 22ida6 d caca"@ a6and" "$ c?"c"la1 n 1a2l1a6@ ?a61a l"6 976 $%inad"6 l9n1"6 d $"61$a' 2"92>n@ 1a$1a6.

En l 61ad" S5c$@ c"9" n 1"d"6 l"6 61ad"6 85 c"n%"$9an 4""l1ica9n1 a Vn!5la@ l"6 C"n6"6 C"95nal6  la6 di%$n16 "$4ani!aci"n6 vinn $ali!and" 5n $"l $"1a4>nic"@ d6d 5na vi6i>n a$1icia1iva d l"6 ci5dadan"6  ci5dadana6@ a659ind" la c"$$6"n6a2ilidad 85 6 1in a$a la  2685da d 6"l5ci"n6 a la6 nc6idad6 85 c"n%$"n1a cada c"95nidad. D6d 61a $6c1iva  "26$vand" l d69" 85 c59l 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d caca" d la c?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ 6 $ali!a l $6n1 615di"@ c5" "21iv" $incial 6' Di6a$ 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 n la C"95nidad E54ni" Pa III@ Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$ dl E61ad" S5c$. El c5al 61a$7 ac"$d c"n la6 ca$ac1$61ica6 dl caca". En vi$15d a 61" 6 anali!a$"n "6i2l6 al1$na1iva6 d c"n61$5cci>n@ a$a l54" ?ac$ 5n 615di" d l"6 c"9"nn16 dl 9cani69"@ di9n6i"n6  9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$@  a6 $"cd$ $>i9a9n1 a la 6lcci>n d l"6 c"9"nn16 n %5nci>n d l"6 $85$i9in1"6. En c"n6c5ncia@ l 615di" c"$$6"nd a la 9"dalidad d $"c1" 6"ci" in14$ad"$@ 6561n1ad" n 5na inv61i4aci>n d ca9"@ d ca$7c1$ d6c$i1iv"' a$a ll" 6 61$5c15$a n 1$6 %a66'

#ASE I' C"$$6"ndin1 al dia4n>61ic" d la 6i15aci>n ac15al 85 $6n1a la c"95nidad " "$4ani!aci>n@ incl5nd" d 61a 9an$a la 91"d"l"4a dia4n>61ica@ la 6lcci>n dl $"2l9a cn1$alJ c"$$6"ndin1 a la6 lna6 d inv61i4aci>n dl

2

645nd" a" dl $"4$a9a naci"nal d %"$9aci>n d In4ni$a Mc7nica@ n 61 ca6"@ l di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ al 9i69" 1i9" 61a %a6 incl5 la6 "6i2l6 al1$na1iva6 d 6"l5ci"n6@ al i45al 85 la %"$95laci>n dl "21iv" 4n$al  6c%ic"6. Ta92iFn 6 $6n1a la  561i%icaci>n@ la6 $a!"n6 85 c"nllvan a $ali!a$ l $"c1"@ 65 vinc5laci>n c"n l  lan d d6a$$"ll" c"n>9ic"  6"cial d la naci>n vi4n1@ la6 2a66 l4al6@ n la 85 6 6561n1a 61 $"c1"@  n1$ "1$"6 a6c1"6 85 6$7n 9nci"nad"6  d6a$$"llad"6 $>i9a9n1.

#ASE II' E61a %a6 c"n61i15 l"6 di%$n16 c7lc5l"6  $"cdi9in1"6 85 6 $ali!a$an@ a$a "d$ %c15a$ l di6" idal d la 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n. Sind" d 4$an i9"$1ancia l lan d acci>n  l c$"n"4$a9a d ac1ividad6 a$a l"4$a$ l c59li9in1" d l"6 di%$n16 "21iv"6 $"561"6. O1$" 5n1" in1$6an1 n 61a %a6  85 $9i1i$7 la c5ci>n dl $"c1" 6 la 61i9aci>n $65561a$ia dl  $"c1" 1"1al.

#ASE III' La c5al c"9$nd l $"d5c1" " 6$vici" dl $"c1".  61" 6$7 561" a 1$avF6 d l"6 $65l1ad"6  l"4$"6@ a6 c"9" 1a92iFn 6 nc5n1$an incl5ida6 la6 c"ncl56i"n6  la6 $c"9ndaci"n6@ n la 85 %inal9n1 6 $6an la6 $%$ncia6 $1inn16 al 615di"  6 inc"$"$an l"6 an"6@ a6@ c59li$ c"n 1"d"6 l"6 a6"6 61a2lcid"6 n l $"c1".

3

2ASE I1 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO 31 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO 313 No-r ! "a Or$a%4a&%# C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$.

31313 V%*%# 5 M%*%# V%*%#' I95l6a$ 9cani69"6 85 %acili1n la c"n6"lidaci>n d 9$6a6 d  $"d5cci>n 6"cial a a$1i$ d la6 %a9ilia6 "$4ani!ada6@ d"nd 6 c"n6id$ a la $4i>n c"9" 6aci" d 4a$an1a a$a l"6 $"d5c1"6 "$47nic"6  c"61"6 acc6i2l6 a l"6 c"n659id"$6@ a6 9i69" 4n$a$ 9a"$ n9$" d $"d5c1"6 la2"$ad"6 n c"$1"  la!".

M%*%#'  A59n1a$ 65 $"d5cci>n@ c"n la %inalidad d "%$1a$@ c?"c"la1 d  25na calidad@ c59lind" c"n la6 i4ncia6  nc6idad6 dl 9$cad".

316

Lo&a"%4a&%# Go$r07%&a

El $"c1" 6 $ali!a$7 n 5n 7$a 4"4$7%ica 5$2ana@ 52icada n la call  $incial d la U$2ani!aci>n E54ni" Pa III@ Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$@ la c5al li9i1a'  N"$1' Sc1"$ d E54ni" a II. S5$' U$2ani!aci>n E54ni" Pa III. E61' Sc1"$ E54ni" Pa II. O61' U$2ani!aci>n E54ni" Pa III.

4

318 R*9a H%*t#r%&a La C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ d2 65 n"92$ al allid" d 65 %5ndad"$  ?" d5"@ T.S.U #$d d5a$1. Dic?a c?"c"la1$a %5 c$ada "$ di6"6ici>n %a9ilia$  ?ac a$"i9ada9n1 )0 a"6@ 65 61$5c15$a c"n61a d 5n 1Fcnic"  1$6 $6"na6 nca$4ad"6 d ?ac$ la 9an" d "2$a l"6 c5al6 %"$9an a$1 dl 4$5" %a9ilia$@ “6"6a  ?i"6”. E61a in61i15ci>n a $incii"6 6"l" %a2$ica2a 5n 1i" d c?"c"la1 dn"9inad" 2"li1a6 d caca"@ l54" 6 %5 d6a$$"lland"  i9l9n1a$"n la  $"d5cci>n a lic"$6 a 2a6 d "nc? caca"@ n$1aci>n d lan1a6@ c5l1iv" dl caca"@  $"c6ad" dl caca"@ c?"c"la16 c"961i2l6 c"9" 2"92"n6@ ad976 d l"6 $"c6"6 dl caca" l 6"$ #$d D5a$1 1$a2aa c"n di61in1a6 6ci6 d c5l1iv"6  n$1aci"n6 l"4$and" 8 61a 9ic$" 9$6a l"4$ 5n i9ac1" a92in1al c"l>4ic" a 85 656 1$a1a9in1"6 6"n n 65 9a"$a 9an5al6  656 9785ina6 6"n "c"6 c"n1a9inan16 a 85 6"n lFc1$ica6.

31: Or$a%4a&%o* V%&u"a!a* &o " Pro5&to aH C?"c"la1$a D5a$1  2H Univ$6idad P"li1Fcnica T$$i1"$ial d Pa$ia “L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”. cH ;"2$naci>n dl E61ad" S5c$.

31; A0"%*%* S%tua&%oa" (D%a$#*t%&o) El d1$9ina$ la 6i15aci>n ac15al d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ %5 "6i2l 4$acia6 a la in1$acci>n 85 6 9an15v" c"n 65 %5ndad"$  d5" #$d D5a$1. En $i9$a in61ancia 6 5d" $ci2i$ 85 61a "$4ani!aci>n $6n1a 5na 6$i d $"2l971ica6 "$ la c5al n" l $9i1 $ali!a$ 656 ac1ividad6 la2"$al6 c"n n"$9alidad  1a9"c" 5d c"n6"lida$6 c"9" 5na ind561$ia d 9a"$ $61i4i" n la "2laci>n d c?"c"la16. Mdian1 5na n1$vi61a l 6"$ #$d D5a$1@ di" a c"n"c$ la6 di%$n16 nc6idad6 85 la 9$6a $6n1a@ n1$ lla6 la6 976 $lvan16 6"n' la %al1a d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin"@ %al1a d 5na  $n6a ?id$75lica@ %al1a d 9"ld6 d "lica$2"na1"@ n1$ "1$"6. 5

31< Mto!o"o$=a D%a$#*t%&a 31<13 Po-"a&%#, Mu*tra o Su>to !" E*tu!%o La "2laci>n "21" d 615di" 61a$7 $$6n1ada "$ c5a1$" $6"na6@ 5na 6 nca$4a d llva$ la 4$ncia d la 9$6a  la6 $61an16 $ali!an la6 la2"$6 d la 9an" d "2$a.

31<16 T+&%&a* ! I*truto* ! R&o"&&%# ! Dato* La $c"lcci>n d da1"6 6 $ali!a a 1$avF6 d' O26$vaci>n' $9i1i> a l"6 inv61i4ad"$6 $ali!a$ 5n dia4n>61ic" 9dian1 5na vi6i1a a la 9$6a C?"c"la1$a D5a$1. En1$vi61a' 6 la2"$> 5n c561i"na$i" 6i$vi> c"9" in61$59n1" a$a $ali!a$ la n1$vi61a al 6"$ #$d D5a$1.

31? Pro-"a*, N&*%!a!* 5 Pot&%a"%!a!* !" Etoro #5nda9n1and" la in%"$9aci>n "21nida@ d ac5$d" a la 6i15aci>n 85  $6n1a la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ 6ind" 61a 5na 9ic$" 9$6a a$1icia1iva  c"la2"$ad"$a 6 5d" 61a2lc$ 5n 617nda$ d $i"$idad6 n c5an1" a la6 nc6idad6'



Ini61ncia d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin".



Ca$ncia d 5na $n6a ?id$75lica.

 A56ncia d 9"ld6 d "li ca$2"na1"@ a$a 9a"$ $"d5cci>n d  2"92"n6 a 85 n" c5n1an c"n 65%icin16 9"ld6. 31?13 S"&&%# !" Ta D*arro""a!o S 1"9" c"9" 19a d 659a i9"$1ancia@  d ac5$d" a la6 lna6 61$a1F4ica6 dl P$"4$a9a Naci"nal d #"$9aci>n n In4ni$a Mc7nica dl 645nd" a"' A56ncia d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n n la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ d2id" al 9al %5nci"na9in1"  "ca caacidad a$a c52$i$ la d9anda d la la2"$aci>n d l"6 $"d5c1"6.

6

31?16 A"trat%.a* ! So"u&%# En vi$15d d la 6i15aci>n lan1ada an1$i"$9n1@ 65$4 la 6i45in1 al1$na1iva d 6"l5ci>n' Di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ 52icada n la Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$.

31@

O->t%.o* !" Pro5&to

31@13 O->t%.o Gra" Di6a$ 5na 1"lva ali9n1ad"$a a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 52icada n la Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$.

31@16 O->t%.o* E*&=7%&o* ). Dia4n"61ica$ la 6i15aci>n ac15al n 85 6 nc5n1$a la 1"lva d 9"lin". (. D1$9ina$ l"6 9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$ n la 1"lva d 9"lin". *. Rali!a$ l"6 c7lc5l"6 $1inn16 a$a la c"n61$5cci>n d 5na 1"lva d 9"lin". . Ela2"$a$ l"6 lan"6 d la 1"lva d 9"lin". 5.

31

P$65561a$ l"6 9a1$ial6 a$a la la2"$aci>n d la 1"lva dl 9"lin".

u*t%7%&a&%#

Ra4o* u &o"".a a ra"%4ar " ro5&to !*! " uto ! .%*ta' T#r%&o' La $ali!aci>n dl $"c1" d6d l 5n1" d vi61a 1>$ic"@ 6 n"1a2l n l 7$a d in4ni$a 9c7nica  6 561i%ica@ n 1al 6n1id"@ 85 659ini61$a in%"$9aci>n $lvan1 85 $9i1 61a2lc$ ci$1"6 617nda$6 d lana9in1" d la6 ac1ividad6 $85$ida6 a$a la la2"$aci>n d di%$n16 1$a2a"6 d inv61i4aci>n  a$a l d6a$$"ll" 6"cial d la6 c"95nidad6 5 "$4ani!aci"n6.

T+&%&o  %tra&&%# &o "a Cou%!a! u Or$a%4a&%#' D6d la  $6c1iva 1Fcnica@ l di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a la C?"c"la1$a

7

D5a$1@ a"$1a a la c"95nidad 5n 4$an 2n%ici"@ $9i1iFnd"l a 61a $"9"v$ l in1$F6 n l"6 n16 452$na9n1al6.

313

Ba** L$a"* Nora V4o"aa A&ro*1 D7%%&%o* 5 C"a*%7%&a&%# Co.% @83@

O->to 5 Cao ! A"%&a&%#' 61a n"$9a Vn!"lana c"n19la la6 d%inici"n6  cla6i%icaci>n d l"6 ac$"6@ 2a6ad"6 n 65 c"9"6ici>n 859ic"6@  $"c6" d "21nci>n@ 4$ad" d "idaci>n  65 $incial alicaci>n.

A&ro' 6 5na alaci>n ?i$$"ca$2"n"@ caa! d 6$ d%"$9ad" l761ica9n1@ c"n 1n"$6 9ni9"6  97i9"6 d ca$2"n" n 5n "$dn d 3@33-  (Q $6c1iva9n1@ 5dind" c"n1n$ "1$"6 l9n1"6 d alaci>n@ a6 c"9" 1a92iFn i95$!a6 in?$n16 al $"c6" d %a2$icaci>n.

A&ro* %oF%!a-"*' 6"n a85ll"6 ac$"6 caac6 d %"$9a$ 5na caa 65$%icial 95 %ina d "id" d c$"9"  "id" d ni85l@ la c5al $"14 %ica!9n1 c"n1$a la c"$$"6i"n@ 64n 65 c"9"6ici"n  1$a1a9in1"6 6 cla6i%ican n 1$6 4$and6 4$5"6'

A&ro au*t%t%&o a" &roo %u"' 6 5n ac$" in"ida2l a$a9a4n1ic"@ n vi$15d d 65 61$5c15$a a561ni1ica a 19$a15$a a92in1. S5 c"n1nid" d c$"9" va$ia n1$ ):  (+Q@ a92"6 incl56iv@  l ni85l va$ia n1$ *@0  *@+Q@ a92"6 incl56iv. E61 ac$" n" 6 nd5$ci2l "$ 1$a1a9in1"6 1$9ic"6.

A&ro atr*%t%&o a" &roo'  6 5n ac$" caa! d ad85i$i$ 61$5c15$a 9a$1n6i1ica@ c"n 5n 1$a1a9in1" 1$9ic" adc5ad". S5 c"n1nid" d c$"9" 61a c"9$ndid" n1$   )-Q@ a92"6 incl56iv. En al45n"6 ca6"6 c"n1in ni85l n1$ ).(0  (@03Q@ a92"6 incl56iv.

A&ro 7rr%t%&o a" &roo' 6 5n ac$" %$$"9a4n1ic" c"n 61$5c15$a %$$i1ica a 19$a15$a a92in1  c5" c"n1nid" d c$"9" 6 nc5n1$a n1$ )3@0  (+Q@ a92"6 incl56iv. E61 ac$" n" 6 nd5$ci2l "$ 1$a1a9in1"6 1$9ic"6. D ac5$d" a l" an1$i"$ 6 5d dd5ci$ 85 l"6 ac$"6  65 cla6i%icaci"n@ 6"n 8

d 4$an a"$1 n %5nci"n d l"6 ac$"6 in"ida2l6@ d2id" a 85 61 $"c1"@ 6  2a6a n la 51ili!aci"n d ac$"6 in"ida2l6 d al1a $6i61ncia a la c"$$"6i"n@ 6ci%ica9n1 n la d6c"9"6ici"n d ali9n1"6@ a"$1and" d 61a 9an$a ?i4in  25na calidad dl $"d5c1". C"vnin@

N"$9a

Vn!"lana@  Acero, definiciones y

clasificacion@

),-,@

?11'.a$85i1c1"6$.c"9a$c?iv"d"nl"adCOVENINQ(33-3* ),-,Q(3Ac$"6Q(3D%inici"n6Q(3Cla6i%icaci"n6.d%@

C"n65l1a'

)

d

n"vi92$ d (3)

Nora V4o"aa So"!a!ura 5 Cort1 D7%%&%o*1 Co.% ? 3? O->to' E61a n"$9a c"n19la la6 d%inici"n6 a alica$6 n 6"ldad5$a  c"$1.

So"!a-%"%!a!' 6 la caacidad d 5n 91al a 6$ 6"ldad" 2a" c"ndici"n6 i9561a6 d %a2$icaci"n@ dn1$" d 5na 61$5c15$a 6ci%ica adc5ada9n1 di6ada  d69a$6 6a1i6%ac1"$ia9n1 n l 6$vici" a 85 6 d61in.

So"!a!or'  6 la $6"na caa! d d69a$ 5na "$aci>n 9an5al " 69ia51"9a1ica d 6"ldad5$a.

So"!a!ura' 6 la c"al6cncia l"cali!ada d 91al $"d5cida "$  caln1a9in1" a 19$a15$a@ c"n " 6in la alicaci>n d $6i"n@ " "$ la 6"la alicaci>n d $6i"n@  c"n " 6"n l 56" dl 91al a"$1.

So"!a!ura a Ga*'  6 5n 4$5" d $"c6"6 d 6"ldad5$a n l"6 c5al6 la c"al6cncia 6 $"d5cida "$ caln1a9in1" c"n 5na lla9a d 4a6 c"92561i2l " lla9a6@ c"n " 6in alicaci>n d $6i"n " l 56" d 91al d a"$1.

So"!a!ura or Ar&o Sur$%!o' 6 5n $"c6" d 6"ldad5$a n l c5al la %56i"n 6 $"d5c "$ caln1a9in1" a a$1i$ d 5n a$c" n1$ 5n lc1$"d" 91alic" d6n5d" " lc1$"d"6  la i!a. El a$c" va 659$4id" n 5na i!a d 9a1$ial 4$an5la$ %5ndi2l 6"2$ la i!a. N" 6 5na $6i"n  l 91al d a"$1 $"vin dl lc1$"d"  al45na6 vc6 d 5na va$illa d 6"ldad5$a 65l9n1a$ia. 9

 D l" an1$i"$ 6 idn1i%ican l"6 di%$n16 1i"6 d 6"ldad5$a a 51ili!a$ n la div$6idad d l"6 91al6. En 61 ca6" 6$a 2n%ici"6a a$a 6a2$ c5al 1i" d 6"ldad5$a 6 9a6 $c"9nda2l 51ili!a$@ "$ nd a$a ac$"6 in"ida2l6 a561ni1ic" al c$"9"ni85l@ 6 51ili!a 6"ldad5$a "$ a$c" lc1$ic"@ c"n lc1$"d"6 *3-l): Dia9' **( )-. C"vnin@

N"$9a

Vn!"lana@

Soldadura

y

corte.

Definiciones@

),+,@

?11'6.6c$i2d.c"9d"c00+33-(COVENIN+,,+,SOLDADURACORTE DE#INICIONES6c$i2d@ C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

3133 V%&u"a&%# !" Pro5&to &o " P"a ! D*arro""o E&o#%&o 5 So&%a" ! "a Na&%# 638  63, L=a* ! I.*t%$a&%# !" Pro$raa Na&%oa" ! 2ora&%# 5 Tra*.r*a"%!a! &o " E> Pro5&to, So&%o Cr=t%&o 5 Pro7*%oa"1 La vinc5laci>n dl lan naci"nal vi4n1 d la naci>n  l $"c1" dl di6" d 5na 1"lva d 9"lin" a$a la c?"c"la1$a d5a$1@ Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ 6 l"4$a d 9an$a %ica! c"n l lan naci"nal G(3)* (3),H  $incial9n1 c"n l 645nd" "21iv"@ l c5al n"6 ?ac 9nci>n d la c"n61$5cci>n dl 6"ciali69"@ a$a a6 alcan!a$ la 65$9a %licidad 6"cial dl 52l"@ dand" a6" a 5na 6"cidad 976 i45ali1a$ia  561a@ 61" c"n l %in d 645i$ avan!and" n la lna 6a1i6%acci>n d la6 nc6idad6 276ica6 a$a la vida d n561$" a6 Gali9n1aci>n@ a45a@ 1$an6"$1 2lic"@ 6al5d@ d5caci>n@ n1$ "1$"6.H. En n561$" ca6" la ali9n1aci>n@ a 85 al $ali!a$ la 1"lva n la c?"c"la1$a 6 61a$7 6"lvn1and" 5na nc6idad d 5na c"9aa n 6c%ica@ $" 85 a 65 v! a%c1a al 2lic" vn!"lan" al n" c59li$ c"n la $"d5cci>n nc6a$ia d c?"c"la1@ l"4$and" a6 la 6a1i6%acci>n d 5na nc6idad 276ica  viFnd"6 d 9an$a $"4$6i61a l 1$a2a" d dic?a 9$6a@ a 85 6 9an1nd$a 5n 9"$ 2alanc n1$ la c"n"9a Ga4" a l"6 9lad"6H  9a"$ $"d5cci>n d c?"c"la1@ 6 dci$@ 5na 9"$ calidad d 1$a2a" " %"$9a d 1$a2aa$. D 61a 9an$a 6 61a$a c59lind" ad976 c"n a$1 dl 1$c$ "21iv" dl

10

 lan naci"nal@ a 85 61 $"c1" 1a92iFn d9561$a 85 6 a$"vc?a d 9an$a >1i9a l" 85 "%$cn n561$"6 $c5$6"6@ n 61 ca6" l caca"@ a 85 a nivl 95ndial@ Vn!5la 6 5n" d l"6 a66 85 "6 l 9"$ caca"  "$ nd l 9"$  c?"c"la1. En 61 9i69" "$dn d ida6@ 6 5dn 9nci"na$ l c5a$1"  85in1" "21iv" "$85 al $ali!a$ la 1"lva n la c?"c"la1$a l 61a9"6 2$indand" a la 9$6a 9a"$ ""$15nidad d 1$a2a"@ la c5al l"4$a$7 " a"$1a$7 5n 6%5$!" 976 al  a6 a$a c"n1in5a$ 1$an6i1and" n l ca9in" a 5n 95nd" 91acFn1$ic"@ c"n $61" a la a51" d1$9inaci>n d l"6 52l"6. D7nd"l a6 cavidad al 85in1" "21iv"@ l c5al $laci"na la c"n61$5cci>n d 5n 9"dl" c"n>9ic" c"n la na15$al!a@ n "1$a6  ala2$a6 la $laci>n dl ?"92$ c"n 65 a92in1@ l c5al 4a$an1i!a l 56"  a$"vc?a9in1" $aci"nal d l"6 $c5$6"6 na15$al6@ 6 dci$@ 85 al $ali!a$ 61  $"c1" cla$a9n1 6 l"4$" n"1a$ c>9" 6 $laci"na la c?"c"la1$a c"n l a92in1 al a$"vc?a$ l 97i9" l caca". La $laci>n 85 45a$da l di6" d la 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n c"n la lna d inv61i4aci>n dl 1$ac1" d"6@ dl $"4$a9a naci"nal n %"$9aci>n d in4ni$a 9c7nica@ 6 85 61 45a$da n"6 d 9an$a di$c1a c"n l"6 6i45in16 6a2$6' Di6" d l9n1"6 d 9a85ina' c"9" ?ac 9nci>n l 1i15l" dl $"c1" 6 l di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1  "$  9di" d 61 6a2$ 6 5d" "21n$ l"6 c"n"ci9in1"6 nc6a$i"6 a$a "21n$ dic?" di6". Tall$ d $"c6"6 d 9an5%ac15$a6' l c5al $9i1i> "d$ idn1i%ica$ l 1i" d 9a1$ial a 51ili!a$ n l di6" d la 1"lva Gac$" in"ida2l a561ni1ic" a$a ali9n1"6@ 6$i *33H@ dl 9i69" 9"d" "6i2ili1" $c"n"c$ l 1i" d 6"ldad5$a a 9la$ a$a la 5ni>n d dic?" 91al G6"ldad5$a "$ a$c" lFc1$ic" a 1"H. Ma85ina6 ?id$75lica6' "$ 9di" d 61 6a2$ 6 l"4$" c"n"c$ la dn6idad@ l v"l59n  l 6" dl caca"@ a 85 6 la 9a1$ia $i9a 85 c"n1nd$7 la 1"lva.

11

2ASE II1 PLANI2IACIÓN DEL PROYECTO 61 BASES TEÓRICAS RE2ERENCIALES To".a' 6 5n di6"6i1iv" 6i9ila$ a 5n 925d" d 4$an 1a9a" d61inad" al d>6i1"  canali!aci>n d 9a1$ial6 4$an5la$6 " 5lv$i!ad"6@ n1$ "1$"6. En "ca6i"n6@ 6 9"n1a 6"2$ 5n c?a6i6 85 $9i1 l 1$an6"$1. ;n$al9n1 6 d %"$9a c>nica  6i9$ 6 d a$d6 inclinada6 c"9" la6 d 5n 4$an c"n"@ d 1al %"$9a 85 la ca$4a 6 %c1a "$ la a$1 65$i"$  %"$9a 5n c"n" la d6ca$4a 6 $ali!a "$ 5na c"95$1a in%$i"$. S"n 95 51ili!ada6 n a4$ic5l15$a@ n c"n61$5cci>n d va6 %F$$a6  n in61alaci"n6 ind561$ial6. (( d a4"61" (3)@ #5ndaci>n@ /ii9dia@ Tolva@ (3)@ Inc@ ?11'6.iidia."$4iiT"lva@ C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

S"&&%# Corr&ta ! Matr%a" La 6lcci>n d l"6 9a1$ial6 6 5n %ac1"$ i9"$1an1 a$a la %5nci"nalidad  %ac1i2ilidad d 9an5%ac15$a a c"61" 2a" d c5al85i$ $"d5c1". El in4ni$" d di6" d2 61a2lc$ 5na divi6i>n@ 85 a vc6 5d 6$ 95 61$c?a@ n1$ l"6 $85i6i1"6 %5nci"nal6@ "$ 5n lad"@  la6 c"n6id$aci"n6 d c"61"@ "$ l "1$". En al45n"6 ca6"6@ ?a2$7 5n c"n%lic1" 6$i" n1$ la %5nci>n  l c"61" a$a la 6lcci>n d 5n 9a1$ial. P"$ %"$15na@ n "1$"6 ca6"6 la 6lcci>n 6 %7cil@ 56 ?a 5n 9a1$ial 85 c59l c"n la6 %5nci"n6  9ini9i!a l c"61" d $"d5cci>n. a nc6idad d l"4$a$ c"n"9a6 n l"6 c"61"6 d l"6 9a1$ial6 "$85@ n la 9a"$   a$1 d l"6 $"d5c1"6 61 c"61" 6 5na 4$an a$1 dl 1"1al@ "$ l" 4n$al d 03Q.

13

Sin 92a$4"@ l "21iv" n" 6 "$ nc6idad l l"4$" dl c"61" 9ni9" d 9a1$ial@ 6in" dl c"61" 9ni9" 1"1al 85 incl5a l $ci" inicial dl 9a1$ial@ l c"61" d $"c6a$l"  n6a92la$l" c"n "1$"6 9a1$ial6 a$a "21n$ l $"d5c1"@ a6 c"9" l c"61" d la 4a$an1a d la d5$aci>n  %acilidad d 6$vici" dl $"d5c1"@ 1c. P"$ ll"@ a la la$4a@ l 9a1$ial d c"61" 976 2a" n" 6$7 l 85 1n4a l $ci" 976  2a" d c"9$a. A c"n1in5aci>n 6 $6n1an al45na6 $4la6 4n$al6 a$a $d5ci$ l"6 c"61"6 $laci"nad"6 c"n l"6 9a1$ial6' •

S d2 51ili!a$ l"6 9a1$ial6 d 1a9a"6  %"$9a6 c"9$cial6 a$a $d5ci$ 

•

l 1$a2a" adici"nal n la %72$ica. S d2 51ili!a$ %"$9a6@ cali2$6@ 4$ad"6 " %"$95la6 617nda$6 n v! d l"6 6cial6 6i9$ 85 6a "6i2l. A vc6@ la6 6lcci"n6 976 4$and6 " 976 4$56a6 d 5n 9a1$ial 617nda$ c561an 9n"6 85 la6 6lcci"n6

•

•

 85a6 " dl4ada6 d 5n 9a1$ial 6cial. S d2 c"n6id$a$ l 9l" d 5n 9a1$ial aca2ad" a$a a?"$$a$ l"6 c"61"6 d aca2ad" d 65$%ici n l c"9"nn1 1$9inad". S d2 6lcci"na$ 9a1$ial6 "$ 65 %acilidad d $"c6a9in1"@ n c"nc"$dancia c"n l"6 $85i6i1"6 %5nci"nal6. P"$ 9l"@ 6 d2n 51ili!a$  4$ad"6 d 9a85inad" li2$ a$a i!a6 9a85inada6@ l"6 4$ad"6 %7cil6 d %"$9a$ a$a 1$"85lad"6@ 1c. E6 ac"n6a2l ddica$ 5n "c" d 1i9" a d1$9ina$ c57l va$ian1 dl 9a1$ial 276ic" 6 976 adc5ad" a$a l

•

 $"c6a9in1" 85 6 51ili!a$7. S d2 di6a$ la6 i!a6 a$a l a$"vc?a9in1" 97i9" dl 9a1$ial@ ?ac$ 1$9"6 c5ad$ad"6 " 85 6 5dan al"a$ n "1$a6 i!a6 dl 9i69" 9a1$ial@ a6 c"9" vi1a$ 5n di6" c"n 4$an can1idad in?$n1 d

d6$dici". #ac5l1ad@ d Cincia6  Tcn"l"4a@ Selección Correcta del Material,@ 74ina ,@ ?11'9a1$ia6.%c1.5966.d5.2"1cn"IIPD#ca)0.d% C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

14

E" A&ro IoF%!a-" &oo Matr%a" H%$%+%&o C"n6id$a9"6 85 5n 9a1$ial 6 ?i4iFnic" c5and" $6n1a ci$1a6 ca$ac1$61ica6 adc5ada9n1 c""$dinada6' •

Elvada $6i61ncia a la c"$$"6i>n $"d5c1" d div$6"6 %ac1"$6.

•

S5$%ici 1"1al9n1 c"9ac1a  "c" "$"6a  $54"6a.

•

Caa! d 1n$ $6i61ncia lvada a la6 va$iaci"n6 1F$9ica6.

•

M5 25na $6i61ncia a 1n6i"n6 9c7nica6.

•

A56ncia d $c52$i9in1"6 $"1c1"$6 %$74il6 " d %7cil d1$i"$".

•

O1i9a caacidad d li9i!a  "$ l" 1an1" lvad" 4$ad" d li9inaci>n d  2ac1$ia. En c5an1" a la %al1a d 5n $c52$i9in1" $"1c1"$@ "d9"6 dci$ 85 61

91al 1in la a$1ic5la$idad 85 n 61ad" a6iv" 6 nc5n1$a $c52i$1" d 5na caa  $"1c1"$a@ 95 dl4ada@ invi6i2l  d 4$an 61a2ilidad la c5al 1in la $"idad d a51" $a$a$6 n %"$9a 6"n17na 6i $ci2 al4n da"J l" c5al l" di%$ncia d 1"d"6 l"6 "1$"6 $v61i9in1"6 $"1c1"$6 Gin15$a6@ 2a$nic6@ $c52$i9in1"6 917lic"6H. S d2 a 5na lc5la a6iva d 5n "id" c"9l" $ic" n c$"9"@ 85 6 %"$9a 6"n17na9n1 n la 65$%ici dl ac$". E61 6 l 61ad" n"$9al d la6 65$%ici6 d ac$" in"ida2l  6 c"n"c c"9" 61ad" a6iv" " c"ndici>n a6iva. C?a$"al9a@ Ac$" In"@  Acero inoxidable como material higienico,  (3))@ ?11'6.6lid6?a$.n1c?a$"al9aac$"in"( C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

E" Ca&ao 6 5na %$51a d "$i4n 1$"ical c"n la 85 6 $"d5c l c?"c"la1. S c5l1iva n a$2561"6 d ( a * 91$"6 85 d2n 61a$ a la 6"92$a@ "$ l" c5al n"$9al9n1 6 nc5n1$an 2a" 7$2"l6 976 4$and6 c"9" l cd$"@ l 25ca$@ l 9an4"@ " l l71an"@ n1$ "1$"6. 15

a d"6 1i"6 d caca"' 5n" 6 $""  al 9ad5$a$ 6 1$an6%"$9an n 9"$ad"  l "1$" 6 v$d  c5and" 9ad5$a 6 1"$na a9a$ill". Vn!5la@

T5a.c"9 ,

El

Cacao@

(333@

?11'.vn!5la15a.c"9c"cinacaca".?19 C"n65l1a' 9a$16@ ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

Pro&*o ! Tra*7ora&%# !" Ca&ao La c"6c?a 6 %c1a c5and" l %$51" alcan!a la 9ad5$! c"9l1a@ ca$ac1$i!ad" "$ 5n ca92i" d c"l"$ d v$d@ a9a$illn1" " $"i!" a 5n a9a$ill" " ana$anad" in1n6". L"6 %$51"6 2a"6 6 c"6c?an 9an5al9n1  l"6 al1"6@ 9dian1 l 56" d ?"$85illa6 %il5da6. L"6 nivl6 d $"d5c1ividad@ dndn d la va$idad  la6 c"ndici"n6 d c5l1iv" ll4and" d6d 033 4?a ?a61a @3334?a. Una v! c"6c?ada6@ n l 9i69" ca9" 6 1$ada la 5la  al9nd$a6@ la6 85 6"n c"l"cada6 n 2"l6a6 d l761ic" a$a 65 1$a6lad" a l"6 a92in16 d %$9n1aci>n.

a) S"&&%#' li9ina$ l"6 c5$"6 1$a"6@ c"9"' 91al6@ id$a6@ 1$"!"6 d 9ad$a@ vid$i"6@ n1$ "1$"6. L54" d 61a "$aci>n 6 "6i2l 85 an 85dn $6id5"6@ l"6 c5al6 6 li9inan "61$i"$9n1 n %"$9a 9an5al.

-) To*ta!o' S 1561an l"6 4$an"6 c"n la %inalidad d acn15a$ l 6a2"$  c"l"$  dl c?"c"la1. La 19$a15$a@ 1i9"  4$ad" d ?59dad inv"l5c$ad"6 n l 1"61ad" dnd n l 1i" d 4$an"6 a $"c6a$  l 1i" d c?"c"la1 " $"d5c1"6 $85$id"6 dl $"c6a9in1".

&) D*&a*&ar%""a!o' E6 l $"c6" n l 85 6 li9ina la c76ca$a@ la c5al c"n61i15 la c52i$1a 1$i"$ d la 69illa dl caca". Indi%$n19n1 d l"6 di61in1"6 %in6 85 6 $6i4an c"n l"6 4$an"6 dl caca" n la ind561$ia@ 1"d"6 d2n 6"91$6 $i9$" a 5n $"c6" d d6ca6ca$illad" n16 d 85 6 1$an6%"$9n n  a61a " lic"$ d caca". E61 a6" 6 5d $ali!a$ a 2aa6 19$a15$a6 " 6cad" d

16

l"6 4$an"6 c"n $adiaci>n in%$a$$"a.

!) To*ta!o' 6 la "$aci>n 6ncial d"nd $i9a$ia9n1@ a a$1i$ dl c"n1nid" d ?59dad na15$al@ n c"92inaci>n c"n l caln1a9in1"@ 6 $"95v 5n c"n5n1" d $acci"n6 859ica6@ n la6 c5al6 in1$vinn l"6 c"9561"6  $c5$6"$6 %"$9ad"6 d5$an1 la %$9n1aci>n  l 6cad"@ 85 l54" da$7n "$i4n al 6a2"$  a$"9a inicial dl c?"c"la1.

) A"&a"%%4a&%#' La6 69illa6 d caca" 6 6"91n a 5n $"c6" d alcalini!aci>n@ 4n$al9n1 c"n ca$2"na1" d "1a6i"@ 85 6 d61ina a a59n1a$ la in1n6idad dl 6a2"$  l c"l"$ dl $"d5c1" %inal. E61a "$aci>n 6 5d alica$ n di%$n16 nivl6 dl $"c6" d 1$an6%"$9aci>n d la al9nd$a d caca".

7) Mo"%!a' La6 al9nd$a6 d caca" 6 95ln a$a $"d5ci$ l lic"$ d caca"J l54" la6 a$1c5la6 dl caca" 6"n 656ndida6 n 9an1ca d caca" %5ndida. El caca" 1"61ad"  li9i" 6 95l 9dian1 $"dill"6J an1$i"$9n1 6 9la2an $"dill"6 %a2$icad"6 d 4$ani1"@ $" a?"$a l"6 d ac$" 6 56an c"n 9a"$ $45la$idad.

$) Pr*a!o' La 9a6a " lic"$ d caca" a6a l54" a $n6a6J n 61a 1aa 6 c5and" 6 6a$a la 4$a6a d la 9a6a " lic"$ ?a61a l "$cn1a d6ad"@  l $6id5" 85 6 %"$9a d5$an1 61 $"c6" 6 l" 85 c"n61i15 la 1"$1a d caca". Pa$a $"d5ci$  la 1"$1a c"n div$6a6 $""$ci"n6 d 4$a6a@ l %a2$ican1 c"n1$"la la can1idad d 9an1ca 85 6 1$a dl lic"$. La 1"$1a 6 5lv$i!a c"n la %inalidad d $a$a$ l  "lv" d caca"@ l c5al 1in 5n 56" d 95 a9li" n la ind561$ia ali9n1a$ia.

) E"a-ora&%# !" &o&o"at' El lic"$ dl caca" 6 9!cla c"n 9an1ca d caca"@ a!ca$@ lc?  a4n16 95l6i"nan16. La6 $""$ci"n6 d 61"6 in4$din16 va$an 64n l 1i" d c?"c"la1 85 6 $1nda %a2$ica$. La 9!cla 6 6"91 a 5n  $"c6" d $%inaci>n c"n l $">6i1" d 9"$a$ 65 115$aJ  l54"@ la 9!cla $%inada 6 llva a 5n $"c6" d a9a6ad". C""$aci>n@ Al9ana al D6a$$"ll"@ Catalogo de mauinaria !ara !rocesamiento de

cacao,

Li9a@

(3)*@

,@?116'n$4dia.in%"i9a4633-Ma85ina$iaWa$aWCaca".d%. d"9in4"@ 3- d 9a$!" d (3)0

D*%!a! !" Ca&ao 17

74ina C"n65l1a'

3 X4 m

Ma1$ial Caca" G4$an"6 %$6c"6H

,33 Caca" G4$an"6 %$9n1ad"6H ++0 Caca" G4$an"6 6c"6H :*0 Da$1a9n1"@ d A4$ic5l15$a@ "a ingenier#a en el desarrollo $ Mane%o y tratamiento de granos !oscosecha,  ?11'.%a"."$4d"c$03)603)63,.?19 C"n65l1a'

9a$16@ ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

Elc1$"d"6 Pa$a S"lda$ Ac$" In"ida2l *3 Di791$"' **(

18

613 P"a ! A&&%# O->t%.o Gra"' Di6" d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 n la c"95nidad E54ni" Pa III 52icada n la Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$. O->t%.o E*&=7%&o'  Dia4n"61ica$ la 6i15aci>n ac15al n 85 6 nc5n1$a la 1"lva d 9"lin" Qu+ * %4o C#o * %4o Cu0!o D#! Qu%+* Co u+ Y Rali!a$ vi6i1a a la Y Mdian1 c?"c c?"c"l "la1 a1$ $aa d5 d5a$ a$1 1 a$ a$a  Un  Una vi6i1a idn1i idn1i%ic %ica$ a$ la6 nc6i nc6idad dad66 976 $lvan16 d la in61i15ci>n YO21 YO21n n$ $ in%" in%"$9 $9aci aci>n >n dl dl Y A 1$avF6 d 5na S$. S$. D5a$ D5a$1 1 9di 9dian an1 1 5n 5naa n1$vi61a. c?a$la.

Y Ca$ncia d 5na 1"lva@ "$  l" c5al la 9$6a n" 5d YO26$vaci>n $ali!a$ 656 la2"$6 d 1$a2a" di$c1a c"n n"$9alidad.

),3(3)

),3(3)

),3(3)

C?"c"la1$a d5a$1 n la c"95nidad T5na5 C?"c"la1$a d5a$1 n la c"95nidad T5na5 C?"c"la1$a d5a$1 n la c"95nidad T5na5

O->t%.o E*&%7%&o'  D1$9ina$ l"6 9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$ n la 1"lva d 9"lin". Qu+ * %4o C#o * %4o Cu0!o D#! J Rali! Rali!a$ a$ a66"$ a66"$a a c"n l 151"$@ al i45al 85 c"n "1$"6 U.P.T.P in4ni in4ni$"6 $"6 c"n c"n"cd "cd"$6 "$6 dl J A66"$a ((3,(3) “L5i6 Ma$ian" 19a@ 19a@ a$a a$a idn1 idn1i% i%ic ica$ a$ l"6 l"6 TFcnica Riv$a”

Pa$1ician16' C"95nidad' T5na5

C5ad$n" L7i!

L7i! Pa$1ician16' Saca5n1a6 C"95nidad' T5na5 ;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

Pa$1ician16' C"95nidad' T5na5

C5ad$n" L7i! C79a$a

Qu%+* Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1

Co u+

Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Cou%!a!' T5na5 Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$

;"9a d  2"$$a$ 

L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6

19

9a1$i 9a1$ial al6 6 a 51il 51ili! i!a$ a$ n la 1"lva.

J Vi6i1a$ a la c"95nidad@ n la c5al c5al 6 l ali alica ca$a $a 5n J In  In61$59n1" c561i" c561i"na$i na$i"" a )0 $6"n $6"na6@ a6@  a$a alcan!a$ l "21iv".

J Inv Inv61 61i4 i4a$ a$ 85 85FF 1i" 1i" d 9a1$ial 6 976 $c"9n $c"9nda2l da2l  c"n>9i c"n>9ic" c" J  A66"$a  a$a la la2"$aci>n d la TFcnica 1"lva.

(,3,(3)

)))3(3)

C"95nidad T5na5

U.P.T.P “L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

L7i! Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d  2"$$a$  In61$59n1" L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 Cin1a MF1$ica ;"9a d  2"$$a$ 

O->t%.o E*&=7%&o' Rali!a$ l"6 c7lc5l"6 $1inn16 a$a la c"n61$5cci>n d 5na 1"lva d 9"lin".

9a1$i 9a1$ial al6 6 a 51il 51ili! i!a$ a$ n la 1"lva.

J Vi6i1a$ a la c"95nidad@ n la c5al c5al 6 l ali alica ca$a $a 5n J In  In61$59n1" c561i" c561i"na$i na$i"" a )0 $6"n $6"na6@ a6@  a$a alcan!a$ l "21iv".

J Inv Inv61 61i4 i4a$ a$ 85 85FF 1i" 1i" d 9a1$ial 6 976 $c"9n $c"9nda2l da2l  c"n>9i c"n>9ic" c" J  A66"$a  a$a la la2"$aci>n d la TFcnica 1"lva.

(,3,(3)

)))3(3)

C"95nidad T5na5

U.P.T.P “L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Cou%!a!' T5na5 Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$

;"9a d  2"$$a$  L7i! Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d  2"$$a$  In61$59n1" L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 Cin1a MF1$ica ;"9a d  2"$$a$ 

O->t%.o E*&=7%&o' Rali!a$ l"6 c7lc5l"6 $1inn16 a$a la c"n61$5cci>n d 5na 1"lva d 9"lin". Qu+ * %4o J Rali!a$ a66"$a c"n l

C#o * %4o

Cu0!o

151"$@ a$a 85 n"6 indi85

U.P.T.P

l"6 c7lc5l"6 85 6 d2n J $ali!a$.

D#!

A66"$a

TFcnica

):)3(3)

“L5i6 Ma$ian"

Al

Riv$a”

Qu%+* Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1

Co u+ L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6

20

)+)3(3)

Alica$ ca$ l"6 l"6 c7lc c7lc5l" 5l"66 J Ali nc6a$ nc6a$i"6 i"6 Gcaaci Gcaacidad dad d J

C"n

1"lva@ "1ncia d la 1"lva@ di%$n16 n1$ "1$"6H@ a$a di6a$  %"$95la6 la 1"lva.

 lan1ada6.

l a6

U.P.T.P (3)3(3)

“L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

Vl7685! R"9$   Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

O->t%.o E*&=7%&o'  Ela2"$a$ l"6 lan"6 d la 1"lva d 9"lin". Qu+ * %4o C#o * %4o Cu0!o D#! Qu%+* J Rali Part%&%at*' Rali!a$ !a$ $5n $5ni> i>nn c"n c"n l 151"$ 151"$@@ a$a a$a 1n$ 1n$ cla$a6 cla$a6 la6 U.P.T.P #a$%an &ai$" n" n"$9 $9a1 a1iv iva6 a6 a 645 645i$ i$ a$a a$a J A66"$a (+)3(3) “L5i6 Riv$a /ilv$  la2"$aci>n dl lan". TFcnica Ma$ian" T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Riv$a” Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ J Vi6i1a$ a la c"95nidad@ n Part%&%at*' la c5al c5al 6 l ali alica ca$a $a 5n #a$%an &ai$"

;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

Calc5lad"$a L7i! Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

Co u+ L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$  Ma1$ial T>$ic" L7i!

)+)3(3)

Alica$ ca$ l"6 l"6 c7lc c7lc5l" 5l"66 J Ali nc6a$ nc6a$i"6 i"6 Gcaaci Gcaacidad dad d J

C"n

l a6

1"lva@ "1ncia d la 1"lva@ di%$n16

U.P.T.P (3)3(3)

n1$ "1$"6H@ a$a di6a$  %"$95la6 la 1"lva.

“L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

 lan1ada6.

Vl7685! R"9$   Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

O->t%.o E*&=7%&o'  Ela2"$a$ l"6 lan"6 d la 1"lva d 9"lin". Qu+ * %4o C#o * %4o Cu0!o D#! Qu%+* J Rali Part%&%at*' Rali!a$ !a$ $5n $5ni> i>nn c"n c"n l 151"$ 151"$@@ a$a a$a 1n$ 1n$ cla$a6 cla$a6 la6 U.P.T.P #a$%an &ai$" n" n"$9 $9a1 a1iv iva6 a6 a 645 645i$ i$ a$a a$a J A66"$a (+)3(3) “L5i6 Riv$a /ilv$  la2"$aci>n dl lan". TFcnica Ma$ian" T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Riv$a” Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ J Vi6i1a$ a la c"95nidad@ n Part%&%at*' la c5al c5al 6 l ali alica ca$a $a 5n #a$%an &ai$" c561i"na$i" c561i"na$i" a )0 $6"na6@  J In  I n61$59n1" (-)3(3) C"95nidad Riv$a /ilv$  6a2 6a2$$ 6i 61" 61"66 c"n6 c"n6id id$ $an an T5na5 T"$ca11 Li!2$1 nc6a$i" l"6 lan"6 a$a l Vl7685! R"9$  di6" d la 1"lva. Cou%!a!' T5na5 J Ela2"$a$ Part%&%at*' Ela2"$a$ a 9an" al!ada l"6  lan"6 d la 1"lva 9"61$and" #a$%an &ai$"

;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

Calc5lad"$a L7i! Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

Co u+ L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$  Ma1$ial T>$ic" L7i! Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$  In61$59n1" L7i! "a6

21

J Plan"6

a6 l" 85 6 85i$ "21n$.

(,)3(3)

U.P.T.P “L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

R4la6 E6c5ad$a6 Mdida6

). O->t%.o E*&=7%&o' P$65561a$ l"6 9a1$ial6 a$a la la2"$aci>n d la 1"lva dl 9"lin".

Qu+ * %4o J B56ca$ in%"$9aci>n c"n

C#o * %4o

Cu0!o

l 151"$  in4ni$"6 85

D#! U.P.T.P

la2"$n n l 1all$@ 6"2$ J

A66"$a

*3)3(3)

“L5i6

l"6 9a1$ial6 c"n>9ic"6 TFcnica

Ma$ian"

 a$a la la2"$aci>n d la

Riv$a”

1"lva.

J Vi6i1a$ di%$n16 ca6a6 c"9$cial6@ d

i

n d

la6 J  Vi6i1a6 a ca6a6 l

c"9$cial6.

*))3(3)

T5na5 "

Qu%+* Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$ 

Co u+ L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

L7i! "a6

J Plan"6

a6 l" 85 6 85i$ "21n$.

(,)3(3)

U.P.T.P “L5i6 Ma$ian" Riv$a”

Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

R4la6 E6c5ad$a6 Mdida6

). O->t%.o E*&=7%&o' P$65561a$ l"6 9a1$ial6 a$a la la2"$aci>n d la 1"lva dl 9"lin".

Qu+ * %4o J B56ca$ in%"$9aci>n c"n

C#o * %4o

Cu0!o

l 151"$  in4ni$"6 85 la2"$n n l 1all$@ 6"2$ J

D#! U.P.T.P

A66"$a

*3)3(3)

“L5i6

l"6 9a1$ial6 c"n>9ic"6 TFcnica

Ma$ian"

 a$a la la2"$aci>n d la

Riv$a”

1"lva.

J Vi6i1a$ di%$n16 ca6a6 c"9$cial6@

n

adacncia6

d

la6 J  Vi6i1a6 a ca6a6

*))3(3)

la c"9$cial6.

"

l"calidad  $"cd$ a la2"$a$

la

d6c$i1iva

T5na5 Ca$an"

99"$ia dl

 $65561".

22

Qu%+* Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$  Tutor' In4. &5an I!a45i$$ Part%&%at*' #a$%an &ai$" Riv$a /ilv$  T"$ca11 Li!2$1 Vl7685! R"9$ 

Co u+ L7i! "a6 Saca5n1a6 ;"9a d 2"$$a$ 

L7i! "a6

23

616 Croo$raa ! A&t%.%!a!* A&t%.%!a!* I%&%o 2a* I S"&&%# ! "a &ou%!a! )33*) o r*a1 E*ta-"&r "o* a&ur!o* ! ))3*) "a r%ra .%*%ta1 P"a%7%&a&%# ! "a* )+3*) a&t%.%!a!* a !*arro""ar1 E"a-ora&%# !" (03*) %*truto !%a$#*t%&o1 R.%*%# !" %*truto !%a$o*t%&o or art ! "a 3)3) 7a&%"%ta!ora1 E"a-ora&%# ! &arta ! 3-3) a&ta&%#1 Ru%o* !" u%o ! )33*) ro5&to *o&%o %t$ra!or1 V%*%ta* a "a r*a ),3) (Co&o"atra Duart)1 R!a&tar o*%-"* t=tu"o*1 (,3) Etr.%*ta &o " tutor *)3*) t+&%&o1 A0"%*%* ! "a %7ora&%#1 (:30)

2% )33*)

Mar4o 8 : K

))3*)

K

3

3:30)

6

;

<

3

3

6

Ma5o 8 :

u%o 6 8

;

3

K

K K

K K K

3-3)

K K

K

K

K

K

K

(,30)

(:30)

;

K

3)3)

(330) ):30)

A-r%" 8 :

K

(03*)

)*3:)

6

K K

K K

K

K K

K K K

K

616 Croo$raa ! A&t%.%!a!* A&t%.%!a!* I%&%o 2a* I S"&&%# ! "a &ou%!a! )33*) o r*a1 E*ta-"&r "o* a&ur!o* ! ))3*) "a r%ra .%*%ta1 P"a%7%&a&%# ! "a* )+3*) a&t%.%!a!* a !*arro""ar1 E"a-ora&%# !" (03*) %*truto !%a$#*t%&o1 R.%*%# !" %*truto !%a$o*t%&o or art ! "a 3)3) 7a&%"%ta!ora1 E"a-ora&%# ! &arta ! 3-3) a&ta&%#1 Ru%o* !" u%o ! )33*) ro5&to *o&%o %t$ra!or1 V%*%ta* a "a r*a ),3) (Co&o"atra Duart)1 R!a&tar o*%-"* t=tu"o*1 (,3) Etr.%*ta &o " tutor *)3*) t+&%&o1 A0"%*%* ! "a %7ora&%#1 (:30)

2% )33*)

Mar4o 8 : K

))3*)

K

3

6

;

<

3

6

A-r%" 8 :

;

3

K

3:30)

6

Ma5o 8 :

3

K

K K

K K

(03*)

K

3)3)

K

3-3)

K K

)*3:)

K

K

K

K

K

K

(,30)

K

(330) ):30)

K

K

K

K K

K

K

K K

(:30)

Corr&&%# ! !ato* 3:3:) 3:3:) o-t%!o*1 R!a&&%# ! "a 3+3:) 3:3+) %7ora&%# r&o"&ta!a1 A&t%.%!a!*

I%&%o

u%o 6 8

;

K X

2%

u%o

u"%o

St%-r

O&tu-r

No.%-r

24

2a* II I!a$ar -a** "$a"*, 7u!ata&%# t#r%&ara&t%&a, !%*9o ! to".a 5 atr%a"*1 Dtr%ar "o* atr%a"* a ut%"%4ar1 Ru%o* !" u%o ! ro5&to *o&%o %t$ra!or1 V%*%ta* a "a r*a (Co&o"atra Duart) 5 !%*t%ta* &a*a* &or&%a"*1 Etr.%*ta &o " tutor t+&%&o1 E"a-ora&%# ! &0"&u"o* &*ar%o* ara " !%*9o ! ua to".a1 Corr&&%# ! !ato* o-t%!o*1 R!a&&%# ! "a %7ora&%# r&o"&ta!a1

; (*3:)

(03,)

3:)3) (*3:)

)0)3)

(,3,)

(3)3)

33+) 3()3)

)+)3) *))3)

(-)3) 3))))

*))3) 3))))

<

3

K K

6 K

K

8

:

:

;

3

8

:

;

3

K K K K

K K

K

6

K K K K

K K K K

6

8

2a* II I!a$ar -a** "$a"*, 7u!ata&%# t#r%&ara&t%&a, !%*9o ! to".a 5 atr%a"*1 Dtr%ar "o* atr%a"* a ut%"%4ar1 Ru%o* !" u%o ! ro5&to *o&%o %t$ra!or1 V%*%ta* a "a r*a (Co&o"atra Duart) 5 !%*t%ta* &a*a* &or&%a"*1 Etr.%*ta &o " tutor t+&%&o1 E"a-ora&%# ! &0"&u"o* &*ar%o* ara " !%*9o ! ua to".a1 Corr&&%# ! !ato* o-t%!o*1 R!a&&%# ! "a %7ora&%# r&o"&ta!a1

; (*3:)

(03,)

3:)3) (*3:)

)0)3)

(,3,)

(3)3)

33+) 3()3)

)+)3) *))3)

(-)3) 3))))

*))3) 3))))

<

3

K

6 K

K

K

8

:

:

;

3

6

8

:

;

3

K K K K

K K

K

K K K K

K K K K

25

618 Pr*uu*to Pr*uu*to' L54" d ?a2$ inda4ad" la can1idad d 9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$ n l $"c1"@ 656 ca$ac1$61ica6  $ci" 5ni1a$i"@ 6 $"cd a $ali!a$ l $65561" 61i9ad" dl 9i69". E61 6 ?ac 95l1ilicand" l $ci" 5ni1a$i" "$ la can1idad dl 9a1$ial  85i"6 l c5al a$$"a 5n $ci" 1"1al@  6 659ad" a$a "21n$ l $ci" $al d la "2$a.

Matr%a"* La9ina d Ac$"

Pr&%o U%tar%o

Cat%!a!

Pr&%o

In"ida2l AST 6$i

-33 B6

(

):33 B6

*33 a$a ali9n1"6 Elc1$"d"6

*33 B6

)4

*33 B6

6

8

618 Pr*uu*to Pr*uu*to' L54" d ?a2$ inda4ad" la can1idad d 9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$ n l $"c1"@ 656 ca$ac1$61ica6  $ci" 5ni1a$i"@ 6 $"cd a $ali!a$ l $65561" 61i9ad" dl 9i69". E61 6 ?ac 95l1ilicand" l $ci" 5ni1a$i" "$ la can1idad dl 9a1$ial  85i"6 l c5al a$$"a 5n $ci" 1"1al@  6 659ad" a$a "21n$ l $ci" $al d la "2$a.

Matr%a"* La9ina d Ac$"

Pr&%o U%tar%o

Cat%!a!

Pr&%o

In"ida2l AST 6$i

-33 B6

(

):33 B6

*33 a$a ali9n1"6 Elc1$"d"6 Ba" d 61aad"

*33 B6 (*03 B6

)4 )

*33 B6 (*03 B6

Calin1 Man" d O2$a

(333 B6

)

Va"or

(333 B6 :(03 B6 +03 B6

A$r$a!o (36) Moto Tota" ! "a O-ra

+333 B6

Co*to Tota" Iu*to !"

26

2ASE III1 PROPUESTA 81 PROPUESTA DE PRODUCTOS Y SERVICIOS 813 O->t%.o* ! "a Prou*ta C0"&u"o* 5 Pro&!%%to* S n5ncia cada a6" llvad" a ca2" n l c7lc5l" d la6 di9n6i"n6 d la6 %i45$a6 85 c"9"nn la 1"lva@ n l 9i69" "$dn d c5ci>n  d 5na %"$9a cla$a@ 6 calc5la$a  lica$a 1"d" l $"cdi9in1" a$a l di6" d la 9i69a. D ac5$d" a la6 c"ndici"n6 d la 9a85ina  n $85$i9in1" d' La 9a85ina al 1$a2aa$ "6 5n 2a" "$cn1a ?59dad@ "$ l" 1an1" 1ind a caln1a$6  alcan!a$ al1"6 4$ad"6 d 19$a15$a@ c"9" l" 6"n 03C n 5na ?"$a@ la c5al n" d2 cd$ 6a 19$a15$a. G#$dd D5a$1@ P$"i1a$i" d la C?"c"la1$aH. S d2 ?ac$ 5n $"c6" $1i1iv" ?a61a 85 l $"d5c1" 85d l85id". Pa$a 61" 6 1in 85 v$1$ 4$an"6@ dl 85 6 "21in a 1$avF6 dl $"c6" lic"$ " a61a d caca". La a61a 1in 5n "$cn1a d 0Q a 03Q d 9an1ca@ 85 $9i1 85 la 9a85ina l52$i85 c5and" 6 nc5n1$a a 5na 19$a15$a d *3C a 03C Ga 5na 19$a15$a 9n"$ 6 5d c$i61ali!a$H. G#$dd D5a$1@ P$"i1a$i" d la C?"c"la1$aH. Min1$a6 la 9a85ina 61 calin1 6 9an1in la a61a li85ida.

27

S a$1 dl di791$" d la 2"85illa dl 9"lin" d la 9a85ina l c5al 6 ,@)0 c9  6a2ind" 85 la 9i69a n 9dia ?"$a 95l 1$6 il"4$a9"6 d caca"@ d2id" a 85 l"6 6%5$!"6 $ali!ad"6 "$ l "$ad"$ d la 9a85ina l 4n$an can6anci"@ 6  $"cd a $ali!a$ l"6 c7lc5l"6 nc6a$i"6@ d ac5$d" a la6 nc6idad6 $6n1. S calc5la la caacidad d la 1"lva d ac5$d" a la6 6i45in16 6ci%icaci"n6' La 9a85ina n" d2 cd$ la 19$a15$a d l"6 03C  l"6 alcanc6 d 5na ?"$a@ 6 6$7 l 1i9" l9i1. Sa2ind" 85 n 9dia ?"$a la 9a85ina 1in la caacidad d 9"l$ 1$6 il"4$a9"6@ n 5na ?"$a 1nd$7 la caacidad d 9"l$ 6i6 il"4$a9"6. S $"cd d la 6i45in1 9an$a' 3 kg

¿ 1 Hr  [ :4

0,5 Hr

C"9" la dn6idad dl caca" 6' kg

:*0 m3 P"d9"6 dci$ 85' m v

[

En1"nc6'

v

[

m  ρ  [

6 kg 635

kg 3 m

 [

−3

9,45∗10 m

3

El v"l59n 6 95l1ilica "$ 5n %ac1"$ d 645$idad d )@0  6 llva a li1$"6 c"9" 5nidad c"nvnin1' v[

−3

9,45∗10 m

3

Y )@0[ 3@3))- m

3

1000 lts

Y

D"nd'  6 dn6idad m 6 9a6a

29

3

1m

[ )@)+ l16 \ )0l16

6 v"l59n S $ali!a$"n di61in1a6 $52a6 al 4$an" d caca"  656 d$ivad"6 a$a $ali!a$  v

c7lc5l"6 nc6a$i"6 a$a l di6" d la 1"lva dl 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ c"9"' v"l59n d l"6 4$an"6@ 7n45l"6 d %$icci>n " $"!a9in1"@ 6" d l"6 4$an"6 c"n ca6ca$a  6in ca6ca$a@ $"9di" d la6 9561$a6 $ali!ada6 d l"6 an16 n"92$ad"6@ caacidad d la 1"lva@  l d6a$$"ll" d la 1"lva. Pa$a l c7lc5l" d v"l59n 6 a659i> l 4$an" d caca" n %"$9a d 5n c52"@ 6 1"9> 5na 9561$a d cinc" G0H 4$an"6 d caca"@ 6 9idi$"n l"6 di61in1"6 4$an"6  6 $"cdi> a calc5la$ l v"l59n c"n la %>$95la d v"l59n d 5n cilind$" 85 n"6 dic 85 l v"l59n 6 i45al a la al15$a@ "$ l anc?"@ "$ la 2a6@ " l" 85 6$a i45al a l 7$a d la 2a6 "$ la al15$a. V =h ∙ a ∙ b V = A b ∙ h  A b =a ∙b

D"nd' V =¿ V"l59n dl 4$an" h =¿  Al15$a dl 4$an" a =¿  Anc?" dl 4$an" b =¿

 A b =¿

 Ba6 dl 4$ ano

 =$a d la 2a6 dl 4$an"

M561$a dl 4$an" N ). 3 A&o [ :99J al15$a [ (099J la$4" [ )*99 V[ 3@33333),0 m M561$a dl 4$an" N (. 3 A&o [ ,99J al15$a [ (99J la$4" [ )99 V[ 3@33333*3( m M561$a dl 4$an" N *. 3 A&o [ -99J al15$a [ ((99J la$4" [ )*99 V[ 3@33333((-- m M561$a dl 4$an" N . 3 A&o [ )399J al15$a [ (99J la$4" [ )(99 V[ 3@33333(-- m M561$a dl 4$an" N 0.

30

3 A&o [ +99J al15$a [ ((99J la$4" [ )*99 V[ 3@33333(33( m

Rali!and" 9dici"n6 dl 4$an" d Caca" G)H

Rali!and" 9dici"n6 dl 4$an" d Caca" G(H El c7lc5l" dl 7n45l" d %$icci>n dl 4$an"  d$ivad"6 dl caca" 6 nc6a$i"  a$a 6a2$ l 7n45l" 85 d2 1"9a$6 a$a l di6" d la 1"lva 6c%ica9n1 a$a l c"n" 1$"ncad"@ 6 $ali!a$"n 9561$a6 n la2"$a1"$i"  6 "215vi$"n 7n45l"6 d $%$ncia. =n45l"6 d %$icci>n d 4$an"6' a$a 61a $52a 6 1"9a$"n di! G)3H 7n45l"6 d 9561$a. M561$a N )' (* °

∡

M561$a N (' (0 °

∡

M561$a N *' (* °

∡

M561$a N ' (+ °

∡

M561$a N 0' (- °

∡

M561$a N :' (* °

∡

31

M561$a N +' *3 °

∡

M561$a N -' ** °

∡

M561$a N ,' ( °

∡

M561$a N )3' (* °

∡

S $cd a $ali!a$ la 659a d la6 9561$a6  l54" dividi$la6 n1$ l n9$" d 9561$a6 $ali!ada6 a$a "21n$ 5n 7n45l" $"9di" dl 4$an" d caca". 259 ° 10

=25,9 °

≅

26 °

∡

An45l" d %$icci>n dl lic"$ d caca"' n 61a $52a 6 1"9a$"n  9561$a6' M561$a N )' *) °

∡

M561$a N (' *( °

∡

M561$a N *' ( °

∡

M561$a N ' 0( °

∡

S $cd a $ali!a$ la 659a d la6 9561$a6  l54" dividi$la6 n1$ l n9$" d 9561$a6 $ali!ada6 a$a "21n$ 5n 7n45l" $"9di" dl lic"$ d caca". 157 ° =39,25 ° ≅ 40 ° 4

∡

Pa$a l di6" d la 1"lva 6 d2 4a$an1i!a$ 85 l c"n1nid"@ a$a 61 ca6" 6 l caca"  656 d$ivad"6@ l"6 9i69"6 d2n %l5i$ 6in $"2l9a6@ "$ l" 1an1" 1"9a$9"6 5n 7n45l" 9a"$ al "21nid" n la 9561$a "$ $a!"n6 d 645$idad@ a659i$9"6 5n 7n45l" d %$icci>n d 03 °

∡

  1"9and" 61 7n45l" c"9"

$%$ncia "61$i"$9n1 6 calc5lan la6 di9n6i"n6 d la 1"lva.

32

Rali!and" $52a6 a$a d1$9ina$ l an45l" d %$icci>n

Rali!and" $52a6 a$a d1$9ina$ l an45l" d %$icci>n

33

M561$a dl 4$an" d Caca" P6" d 4$an" d caca"@ a$a 61a 9561$a 6 6a$"n "c?" 4$an"6 d d"6 %"$9a6@ c"n ca6ca$a6  6in ca6ca$a6 c"n la %inalidad d nc"n1$a$ l c"%icin1 d %$icci>n. ;$an" N) C"n ca6ca$a' )@+4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@04 ;$an" N( C"n ca6ca$a' )@4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@(4 ;$an" N* C"n ca6ca$a' )@*4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@) ;$an" N C"n ca6ca$a' )@+4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@:4 ;$an" N0 C"n ca6ca$a' (@*4 Sin ca6ca$a' (@34 ;$an" N: C"n ca6ca$a' )@4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@(4 ;$an" N+ C"n ca6ca$a' )@04 Sin ca6ca$a' )@*4

34

;$an" NC"n ca6ca$a' (@)4 Sin ca6ca$a' )@-4 D i45al 9an$a 6 659an la6 9561$a6  6 divid n1$ l n9$" d $52a6 $ali!ada6. 15,6 g =1,95 g 8 13,6 g 8

 Ma6a dl 4$an" d caca" c"n ca6ca$a.

=1,7 g  Ma6a dl 4$an" d caca" 6in ca6ca$a.

P$52a6 d Ma6a d 4$an"6 d Caca"

Calc5land" val"$6 d la 9a6a dl 4$an" d Caca" c"n c"nc?a  6in c"nc?a Pa$1ind" d l" an1$i"$ 6 $"cd a calc5la$ l c"%icin1 d %$icci>n cinF1ic". S $ali!a 5n dia4$a9a d c5$" li2$ inclinad"@ d"nd 6 1in 5n 6"  5na %5$!a n"$9al G$ndic5la$ a la 65$%iciH n l  @ a6 c"9" n l  ] 6 35

1in 5na %5$!a d $"c  5n 6". El 7n45l" 85 6 %"$9a n1$ l 6" n   la %5$!a d $"c 6 i45al al 7n45l" 85 6 %"$9a n la ?"$i!"n1al. S ?ac 5na 659a1"$ia d %5$!a6 a$a ?alla$ la %5$!a d $"c  l 6" n ]. Y X

N

α

Wy

W α

Wx

F[ /.6n^ 5[ /.c"6^

∑ Fx

[3

/ _ #$ [ 3

F [ #$ 

∑ Fy

 [ 3

 N / [ 3

N [ / 2r [ `. N  Fr  [  N 

 [

Wx Wy

 [

W . senα  W .cosα 

 [

senα  cosα 

 [ 14^

D"nd'

 6 l 6" N 6 la #5$!a N"$9al 2r 6 la %5$!a d $"c S $ali!a 5n 9561$" dl 4$an" d caca" a$a "21n$ 65 9a6a@ v"l59n  l 7n45l" d %$icci>n@ "$ l" dd5cid" an16 6 1in 85 la 9a6a dl 4$an" d caca" c"n c"nc?a 6' la 659a d 1"da6 la6 9561$a6 d l"6 4$an"6 G)0@: 4$a9"6H n1$ l n9$"

36

d 9561$a6 85 6 -. 15,6 gr 8

 [ )@,0 gr 

Sin c"nc?a 6' 13,6 gr 8

 [ )@+ gr 

L54" 6 alica la 1an4n1 al 7n45l" 85 6 "21nd$7 $>i9a9n1. El di791$" n"9inal dl 9"lin" 6 ,@)0 c9 "$ l" 85 l $adi" 6$ia @0+0 c9. Pa$a di6a$ d ac5$d" a l"6 )0 li1$"6 d caacidad d la 1"lva 6 a659n : li1$"6 a$a l c"n" 1$"ncad"  , li1$"6 a$a l cilind$". L"6 , li1$"6 617n dividid"6 n  li1$"6 $61an16  0 li1$"6 a$a 645$idad. Sa2ind" 61" 6 calc5lan la6 di9n6i"n6 dl c"n" 1$"ncad". Pa$a 61" 6 d2 c"n"c$ la %>$95la dl v"l59n d 5n c"n" 1$"ncad"@ la c5al 6' 1 v

[

2 2 .? G  R  b R$ b r H

3

D"nd'  R

6 $adi" 9a"$  h 6

r  6 v

la al15$a

$adi" 9n"$ 

6 v"l59n

S nc6i1a c"n"c$ la al15$a G?H  6 d6a d la 6i45in1 9an$a' 3v

 [ π ( R 2+ Rr + r 2 ) S 1in 85 a659i$ 5n val"$ a$a R@ n 61 ca6" d 1"9a ):@- c9@ la %inalidad d ?alla$ la al15$a 6 a$a nc"n1$a$ 5n 7n45l" 85 6a d 3 " 9n"$ d 3. D2id" a 85 l v"l59n 85 c"n1nd$7 l c"n" 1$"ncad" 6$7 d 6i6 li1$"6 d caacidad@ 6 $"cd a 1$an6%"$9a$ li1$"6 a 91$"6 c2ic"6'

37

3

:l16Y

1m 1000 lts

m

[ 3@33:

3

A c"n1in5aci>n 6 $"cd a calc5la$ la al15$a c"n l val"$ a659id"@ a$a R[ ):@-c9@ 6 1$an6%"$9an 5nidad6' D"nd' $ 6 $adi" 9n"$ dl c"n" 1$"ncad" c5" di791$" 6 ,.)0c9. R 6 l $adi" 9a"$ dl c"n" 1$"ncad"  65 di791$" 6 d **@:c9[ 3@**:9 S calc5la G?H' 0,168 m

[

¿ ¿ π ¿

3 ( 0,006 m

3

)

¿ 3

0,018 m

 [ π ( 0,028224 m2+ 0,002093 m2 + 0,007686 m2) 3

0,018 m

 [ π ( 0,038 m )  [ 2

0,018 m

3

0,1196 m

2

 [ 3@)03-9 Y

100 cm 1m

 [ )0@3-c9

C"n"cind" la al15$a 6 $"cd a calc5la$ l 7n45l" 85 a$a l di6" d la 1"lva n" d2 cd$ l"6 3. 9 ):@-c9 α

?[ )0@3-c9

@0+0c9

,@)0c9 La di61ancia G9H@ n" 6 976 85 la $61a dl $adi" 9a"$@ 9n"6 l $adi" 9n"$.

R  r [ 9 [ ):@-c9 _ @0+0c9 [ )(@((0c9 C"n"cind" 9  ? 6 5d calc5la$ l 7n45l"@ alicand" la L d la Tan4n1 85 dic 85@ la 1an4n1 d 5n 7n45l" 6 i45al al ca11" "561" n1$ l

38

ca11" adacn1. tanα =

co ca

c" ca ^ S d6a l 7n45l" ^  1n9"6 85@ l 7n45l" 6$7 i45al a la 1an4n1 a la 9n"6 5n"@ 85 95l1ilica al ca11" "561"@ n1$ l ca11" adacn1.

[

tan

−1  co

ca

S c"9a$a l 1$ian45l" 85 6 1in a$a 9"61$a$ la L dl C"6n"@ c"n l 85 6 9561$a l c"n" 1$"ncad"@ 6 1nd$7 85' 9 ?

^

D"nd al%a 1in 85 6$ 9n"$ " i45al 85 c5a$n1a 4$ad"6' ^  3@ n1"nc6'   )(@((0c9 )0@3-c9

 [

^

tan

−1

(

12,225 cm ) 15,08 cm

[ *,@3*

C"9" 6 a$cia@ l 7n45l" calc5lad" c59l c"n la6 6ci%icaci"n6 85 $85i$ l di6"@ "$ l" 85 6 $"cd a calc5la$ GEH@ d"nd GEH 6 la di61ancia inclinada dl c"n" 1$"ncad".

α

E

@0+0c9

Pa$a calc5la$ GEH 615dia9"6 l 1"$9a,@)0c9 d Pi174"$a6@ 85 n"6 dic' c" ca  ^ La ?i"1n56a 6 i45al a la $a! c5ad$ada dl ca11" "561" al c5ad$ad" 9a6 l ca11" adacn1 al c5ad$ad".

39

2 2 H[ √ co + ca

D"nd  6 la ?i"1n56a. Al 6561i15i$ 1F$9in"6 1n9"6 85' 2 2 E[ √ m + h En1"nc6' 2 2 E[ √ ( 12,225 cm) +( 15,98 cm )  [ ),@))c9 C"n l c7lc5l" d GEH c5l9inad" 6 5d dci$ 85 6 1inn 1"da6 la6 di9n6i"n6 dl c"n" 1$"ncad"@ 1"9and" n c5n1a 85 la 1"lva 6 c"n61$5i$7 n 5na %i45$a c"9561a@ $61a$a calc5la$ la6 di9n6i"n6 dl cilind$".

L P

0l16

?

l16

El cilind$" "6 l 9i69" di791$" 9a"$ “DM” dl c"n" 1$"ncad"@ 1in l 9i69" di791$" n 65 a$1 in%$i"$ c"9" n 65 a$1 65$i"$@ 1a92iFn c"n61a d 5na al15$a “?” c"9" 6 9561$a n la %i45$a@ la al15$a “P” n" 6 976 85 la al15$a a$a l"6 c5a1$" li1$"6 $61an16 a$a c"9l1a$ l"6 di! li1$"6 85 6 calc5l>@ la al15$a “L” 6"n cinc" li1$"6 85 6 aadi$"n c"9" %ac1"$ d 645$idad al di6". Pa$a calc5la$ “?”@  $i9$" 6 calc5la$a "$ 6a$ad" “P”  “L”@ "21nind" 6"6 val"$6 "d9"6 dci$  85 ?[ PbL@ n1"nc6' S 5d calc5la$ “P” c"n la c5aci>n d v"l59n d 5n cilind$"@ a 85 6 c"n"c l di791$"  l v"l59n. DM

V =

π  4

2

. ( D ) . 

S d6a “P”  6 1in 85'

40

 =

4∗0,004 m

4 V 

π ( D )

2

3

[ π ( 0,336 m )2

 =0,0451 m  = 4.51 cm

P$>i9" 6 calc5la “L” 85 6 la al15$a a$a cinc" li1$"6 d caacidad dl cilind$". Pa$a ?alla$ “L” 6 $"cd d la 9i69a 9an$a@ d c>9" 6 calc5l" “P”@ n1"nc6 6 dic 85'  !=

3

4 V  2

π ( D)

4∗0,005 m

[

2

π ( 0,036 m)

2 C"9" π ( D )  n" ca92ian n 61a c5aci>n 6 c"l"ca l 9i69" val"$ a$a

calc5la$ “L”.  !=5,64 cm

An1$i"$ a 61"@ 6 di" 85 la al15$a dl cilind$" “?” 6 la 659a d GLbPH@ c"n 61" 6 1in' h = !+ 

h =5,64 cm+ 4,51 cm h =10,15 cm

O21nida6 la6 di9n6i"n6 d la6 %i45$a6 Gc"n" 1$"ncad"  cilind$"H. S  $"cd a calc5la$ la al15$a 1"1al@ lla97nd"6 “?T”. La c5al n" 6 976 85 la 659a d la al15$a dl c"n" 1$"ncad"  la al15$a dl cilind$"@ 6a2ind" 61" 6 5d dci$' 1+¿ h2

h" =h¿

41

Dn"9inand" “ h1 ” a la al15$a dl c"n" 1$"ncad"  “ h2 ” a la al15$a c"9l1a dl cilind$"@ n1"nc6' h" =15,08 cm + 10,15 cm

h" =25,23 cm

C"n l c7lc5l" d “?T” 6 1inn la6 di9n6i"n6 c"9l1a6 d la 1"lva. Pa$a l 6" d la 1"lva 6 56a la c5aci>n' W = m. g

D"nd / 6 l 6" d la 1"lva@ 9 6 la 9a6a d la 1"lva  ; 6 la 4$avdad. Pa$a calc5la$ la $6i>n n l %"nd" 6 51ili!a la 6i45in1 c5aci>n'  # = atm. ca

D"nd P% 6 la $6i>n n l %"nd"@ Pa19 6 la $6i>n a19"6%F$ica  Pca 6 la  $6i>n 85 $c$7 la c"l59na d caca"@ 6i 85$9"6 5na $6i>n 9an"9F1$ica n l %"nd" dci9"6 85 la $6i>n a19"6%F$ica 6 3@ n1"nc6'  # = ca

Si dci9"6 85'  =

 F  W  $ . V  $ . A . h = = =  A  A  A  A

S canclan la6 7$a6'  = $ . h

D"nd P 6 la $6i>n@ $   6 l 6" 6c%ic"  ? 6 la al15$a 1"1al d la c"l59na d %l5id". ? 61a n cn191$"6@ 6 llva a 91$"6'

42

1m 100 cm

[ (0@(*c9Y

[ 3@(0(*9

Sa2ind" 85 la dn6idad 6 6" n1$ v"l59n' γ 

¿

W  V 

5 l 6" 6 i45al a la 9a6a "$ la 4$avdad' W = m. g

5 dn6idad 6 9a6a "$ 5nidad d v"l59n'  ρ

&

m V 

En1"nc6 d 6a6 $laci"n6 6 1in 85 l 6" 6c%ic" d la 6561ancia@ 6$7 i45al a la dn6idad d la 9i69a "$ la 4$avdad' γ &

 ρ . g kg

 m

m

s

.9,81 3

γ &'()

2

En1"nc6  N  γ & :((,@*0 m

3

Y

1 %N  1000 N 

 [ :@((,*0

 %N  m

3

 \ :@(*

 %N  m

3

C"n"cid" l 6" 6ci%ic"  la al15$a 1"1al 6 $"cd a calc5la$ la $6i>n n l %"nd"'  =6,23

%N  m

3

∗0,2523 m

−3

 %N 

[ )@0+ m2

[ )@0+ XPaY

10 1 %a

[ 3@)0+Ma

P"$ l" 85 la $6i>n $cida "$ l 9a1$ial n l %"nd" d la 1"lva 6'  =¿

3@)0+Ma

43

D2id" a 85 la 1"lva n l %"nd" $6i61 5na $6i>n d 3@)0+Ma@  c"n"cida6 la6 $"idad6 9c7nica6 dl ac$" in"ida2l *3@ la6 c5al6 6"n'

 R6i61ncia a la %l5ncia 6 d *)3 Ma.  R6i61ncia 97i9a 6 d :3 Ma. S c5l9ina l di6" d la 1"lva dicind" 85' la l79ina d ac$" in"ida2l *3 $6i61 1an1" n 656 a$d6 c"9" n l %"nd"@ l 9a1$ial al c5al 6$7 6"91id".

C0"&u"o* !" Cor!# ! So"!a!ura Elc1$"d" ED*3-L' 6 calc5la$a la can1idad  c"61" dl lc1$"d" a$a l 1i" d 5ni>n a 51ili!a$. S4n &AMES A. Pn1$. Soldadura. G(33-H. Da1"6 d c"61"@ a4. )*0. L"6 $85$i9in1"6 dl lc1$"d" 6 calc5lan c"9" 6i45'  & 1

[

 & 2 1 − !

D"nd'  & 1  & 2

 9a6a d lc1$"d" $85$ida.

[ 9a6a d ac$" d"6i1ada

L[ P$dida6 1"1al6 dl lc1$"d". S4n 1a2la )*. C"n659" d lc1$"d"6 n 6"ldad5$a6 d %il1 ?"$i!"n1al6' Mdida dl %il1@ L@ ;$a9"6 d lc1$"d" ;$a9"6 d ac$" Mil91$"6 $85$id" n *33 99 d d"6i1ad"6 n *33 99 d 6"ldad5$a GA$".H 6"ldad5$a *.3 (( )( YIncl5 $dida6 "$ d6$dici"  6alicad5$a6 12 gr 12 gr  & 1 [ 1 −0,45 [ 0,55  [ ()@-(4$ 

 & 2

[  & 1 G)LH

 & 2

[ ((G3@00H[ )(@)4$  Si 6 56a 5n %il1 d * 99 *33((4$  ),3 ] ),3Y((4$[ )*@,*4$[  & 1  G9a6a $85$idaH *33 *33)(4$  ),3 ] 44

),3Y)(4$[ +@:4$[  & 2  G9a6a d"6i1adaH *33 S 1in 85 a$a 5na 6"ldad5$a d %il1 d * 9il91$"6 6 nc6i1a$an (  & 1 H )*@,*4$ d lc1$"d" "$ cada *3399 d 6"ldad5$a@ $" n $alidad 6"l" 6 d"6i1an G & 2 H +@:4$ d ac$" "$ cada *339. C"n659" d lc1$"d"6 n la 6"ldad5$a dl cilind$" *33((4$    )3)@0 ] )3)@0Y((4$[ +@4$[  & 1  G9a6a $85$idaH *33 *33)(4$    )3)@0 ] )3)@0Y)(4$[ @3:4$[  & 2  G9a6a d"6i1adaH *33 El di791$" d la 4a$4an1a vin dad" "$' G[3@+3+/ D"nd /[ *99 G1a9a" dl %il1 d 6"ldad5$aH En1"nc6' G[ 3@+3+G*H[ (@)()99 \ (@)(99 YLa 1a2la incl5 la 9dida dl %il1@ n 9il91$"6@ l"6 4$a9"6 d lc1$"d"6 $85$id"6 n cada *3399 d 6"ldad5$a@ a6 c"9" l"6 4$a9"6 d ac$" d"6i1ad"6 n *33 99 d 6"ldad5$a.

816 Mor%a D*&r%t%.a' L0%a ! A&ro IoF%!a-" 8: (U* S8:) 3 D*&r%&%#' F61 6 l 976 v$671il  5n" d l"6 976 56ad"6 d l"6 ac$"6 in"ida2l6 d la 6$i *33. Tin cln16 $"idad6 a$a l c"n%"$9ad"  l 6"ldad". S 5d 56a$ a$a alicaci"n6 d 9251ici>n $"%5nda@ d $"lad"  d c"$1. Tin 25na6 ca$ac1$61ica6 a$a la 6"ldad5$a@ n" $85i$ $c"cid" 1$a6 la 6"ldad5$a a$a 85 6 d69 2in n 5na a9lia 4a9a d c"ndici"n6 c"$$"6iva6. La $6i61ncia a la c"$$"6i>n 6 cln1@ cdind" al 1i" *3( n 5na a9lia va$idad d a92in16 c"$$"6iv"6 incl5nd" 45

 $"d5c1"6 d 1$>l" calin16 " c"n va"$6 d c"92561i>n d 4a66. Tin cln1 $6i61ncia a la c"$$"6i>n n 6$vici" in1$9i1n1 ?a61a -+3 eC  n 6$vici" c"n1in5" ?a61a ,(0eC. N" 6 $c"9inda a$a 56" c"n1in5" n1$ (0  -:3eC $" 6 d69a 95 2in "$ d2a"  "$ nci9a d 6 $an4".

6 Nora* %.o"u&ra!a*' ASTM A (+:

8 Pro%!a!* &0%&a*'

R6i61ncia a la %l5ncia *)3 MPa G0 XSIH R6i61ncia 97i9a :(3 MPa G,3 XSIH El"n4aci>n *3 Q Gn 0399H Rd5cci>n d 7$a 3 Q M>d5l" d la61icidad (33 ;Pa G(,333 XSIH

:1 Pro%!a!* 7=*%&a*: Dn6idad +.- 4c9* G3.(- l2in*H ;1 Pro%!a!* u=%&a*: 3.3- Q C 9n (.33 Q Mn ).33 Q Si )-.3 _ (3.3 Q C$  -.3 _ )3.0 Q Ni 3.30 Q P 3.3* Q S

<1 U*o*' 656 56"6 6"n 95 va$iad"6@ 6 d61acan l"6 85i"6 a$a $"c6a9in1" d ali9n1"6@ n%$iad"$6 d lc?@ in1$ca92iad"$6 d cal"$@ c"n1nd"$6 d  $"d5c1"6 859ic"6@ 1an856 a$a al9acna9in1" d vin"6  c$v!a6@ a$16  a$a 1in1"$6 d %54".

46

?1 Trata%to* t+r%&o*' F61 ac$" in"ida2l n" 5d 6$ nd5$cid" "$  1$a1a9in1" 1F$9ic". Pa$a l $c"cid"@ calin1 n1$ )3)3  ))(3eC  n%$ $7ida9n1  NOTA' L"6 val"$6 $6ad"6 n la6 $"idad6 9c7nica6  %6ica6 c"$$6"ndn a l"6 val"$6 $"9di" 85 6 6$a c59l l 9a1$ial. Tal6 val"$6 6"n a$a "$in1a$ a a85lla $6"na 85 d2 di6a$ "

E" "&tro!o 6 5n c"nd5c1"$ lFc1$ic" 51ili!ad" a$a ?ac$ c"n1ac1" c"n 5na  a$1 n" 917lica d 5n ci$c5i1"@ n 61 ca6" a$a 5ni$ la l79ina d ac$" in"ida2l d la 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n@ 6$7 9lad" lc1$"d"6 a$a 6"lda$ ac$" in"ida2l *3-l): Dia9' **( )-. S c"n1a$a c"n 9an" d "2$a cali%icada@ a$a $ali!a$ la 6"ldad5$a $1inn1  l 2a" d 61aad" calin1.

81613 D*&r%&%# !" Pro!u&to o Sr.%&%o El di6" d la 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n a$a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1 d la c"95nidad E54ni" Pa III@ 52icada n la Pa$$"85ia T5na5@ M5nicii" Li2$1ad"$@ E61ad" S5c$. #5 via2l "$ la c"la2"$aci>n d l"6 in4ni$"6 151"$6 1Fcnic"6@ &5an Ca$l"6 I!a45i$$  &66 R"d$45!@ l"6 c5al6 d5$an1 1"d" l 1$ac1"  $""$ci"na$"n l"6 c"n"ci9in1"6 nc6a$i"6  alica2l6 al $"c1". D ac5$d" a dic?"6 c"n"ci9in1"6  c"n l 56" d 1a2la6@ 6 inici" c"n l c7lc5l" dl v"l59n 1"1al d la 1"lva. L54" d $52a6 $ali!ada6 n l la2"$a1"$i" d %6ica 6 5d" "21n$ la 9a6a dl 4$an" d caca" c"n c"nc?a. C"n"cid" l di791$" n"9inal dl 9"lin" G$%a2$icad"H@ 6 $"cdi> a calc5la$ l v"l59n dl c"n" 1$"ncad"  l54" 6 "215v" l 7n45l" d la 1"lva Gl c5al n" d2 cd$ l"6 3eH. Tnind" l 7n45l" 6 ?all" la di61ancia inclinada dl c"n" 1$"ncad" c"n l 1"$9a d Pi174"$a6@ c5l9inand" la6 di9n6i"n6 dl c"n" 1$"ncad"@ d7nd"l a6" a l"6 c7lc5l"6 dl cilind$"@ l c5al "6 47

l 9i69" di791$" 9a"$ dl c"n" 1$"ncad"@ $>i9" 6 ?all" l v"l59n  la dl cilind$"@ "21niFnd"6 la6 di9n6i"n6 1"1al6 d la6 d"6 %i45$a6 85 c"9"nn la 1"lva. D ac5$d" a la6 ca$ac1$61ica6 d la 9a85ina@ dl 9"lin"  dl 9a1$ial 85 c"n1nd$7 la 1"lva@ 61a 6 $ali!a$a c"n 5na la9ina d ac$" in"ida2l a561ni1ic" d la 6$i *33@ cali2$ )- c"n 5n di791$" d )@((99@ 61" 5n1" al 2a" d 61aad" calin1 d 3@3099@ l c5al c$a 5na li4$a caa d $6i61ncia a la "idaci>n n1$ l ali9n1"  l 9a1$ial@ $9i1i> "21n$ l di791$" 1$n" d la 1"lva@ dand" a6" a la $ali!aci>n d l"6 lan"6.

48

81616 Pr*ta&%# !" ro!u&to 7%a" P"ao* ! "a To".a

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” ESCUELA DE IN;ENIER
52

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” ESCUELA DE IN;ENIER
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” ESCUELA DE IN;ENIER
53

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” ESCUELA DE IN;ENIER
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA TERRITORIAL DE PARIA “LUIS MARIANO RIVERA” ESCUELA DE IN;ENIER
54

2ASE IV1 RESULTADOS Y LOGROS DEL PROYECTO : CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES Co&"u*%o*

C"9" $65l1ad" d la inv61i4aci>n 85 6 llv" a ca2" n la C"95nidad d E54ni" Pa III@ l c5al $$6n1a 5n 9"dl" 85 6a1i6%ac l"6 lan1a9in1"6

2ASE IV1 RESULTADOS Y LOGROS DEL PROYECTO : CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES Co&"u*%o*

C"9" $65l1ad" d la inv61i4aci>n 85 6 llv" a ca2" n la C"95nidad d E54ni" Pa III@ l c5al $$6n1a 5n 9"dl" 85 6a1i6%ac l"6 lan1a9in1"6 %"$95lad"6 c"9" 615dian16@ d l"6 %acili1ad"$6@ d976 9i92$"6 d la c"95nidad  d ac5$d" a l"6 615di"6 adlan1ad"6 n 61 $"c1" di$i4id"6 a 6"lvn1a$ la nc6idad $6n1 n la "$4ani!aci>n@ 6 256ca a6 $65l1ad"6 1il6 85 6 a$"i9n a la 6"l5ci>n d la di%ic5l1ad 85 $6n1a la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1. Dn1$" d l"6 85 6 d2 c"n6id$a$ a$a l l"4$" dl "21iv" 4n$al dl  $6n1 $"c1" 6 inici"@ $i9$a9n1 c"n' El dia4n>61ic" d la 6i15aci>n ac15al 85 $6n1a2a l 9"lin" d la C?"c"la1$a D5a$1@ "$ l" 85 6 1"9" c"9" $"2l971ica' la a56ncia d 5na 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n@ 9"1iv"6 "$ l"6 c5al6 6 "1" "$ l di6" d la 9i69a@ d"nd 61" 6 l"4$" "$ l"6 c"n"ci9in1"6 ad85i$id"6 n l"6 di%$n16 6a2$6. S d1$9ina$"n l"6 9a1$ial6 a 51ili!a$ n la la2"$aci>n d la 1"lva@ a 1$avF6 dl l"6 c"n"ci9in1"6 dl 1all$ d $"c6"6 d 9an5%ac15$a@ $9i1ind" la 6lcci>n c"$$c1a dl 9a1$ial@ 1"97nd"6 n c5n1a l c"61" dl 9i69".

55

Pa$a la $ali!aci>n d l"6 c7lc5l"6 $1inn16 n la c"n61$5cci>n d la 1"lva@ 6 1"9" n c5n1a la6 6ci%icaci"n6 d la 9a85ina  l"6 c$i1$i"6 2a" l"6 85 61a >$a@ $>i9" a 61" 6 calc5la$"n 1"da6 la6 di9n6i"n6 d la6 %i45$a6 85 c"9"nn la 1"lva. P"$ l1i9" 6 $"cdi> a la $ali!aci>n d l"6 lan"6 $$6n1a1iv"6 d la 1"lva@ "21nind" d 61a 9an$a l di6" $al d la 1"lva. Pa$a la la2"$aci>n dl $65561" nc6a$i"@ 6 d1$9in" 9dian1 vi6i1a6 a la6 di%$n16 ca6a6 c"9$cial6@ l"4$and" "21n$ in%"$9aci>n dl c"61" 1"1al d la "2$a. P"$ "1$a a$1 la 2685da d $6561a6 a$a la 6"l5ci>n d dic?a 6i15aci>n@ n"6 ?a $""$ci"nad" 5na $incia n la $7c1ica@ 85 6$vi$7 d a"" n l $61" d la ca$$$a. En c"ncl56i>n 85da la c"n%ian!a d ?a2$ $ali!ad" 5n 615di" c"n%ia2l@  ?a2$ l"4$ad" n$i85c$ n561$"6 c"n"ci9in1"6@ c"n6i45ind" la $ali!aci>n d l"6 "21iv"6 $"561"6@ 4$acia6 al 6%5$!"@ 1$a2a"  l 1i9" ddicad" al $"c1". P$""$ci"nand" 5na 9"$a al a6.

56

R&o!a&%o*

La6 654$ncia6 lan1ada6@ van di$i4ida6 n %5nci>n d l"6 a6c1"6 976 $lvan16 85 n" 6 d6a$$"lla$"n a l" la$4" dl lan1a9in1" dl $"c1" a6 c"9" "1$"6 5n1"6 d in1$F6 $%$id"6 a la $"561a. La6 c57l6 6"n la6 6i45in16' f E6 nc6a$i" al 9"9n1" d ?ac$ 56" d la 1"lva@ la la2"$aci>n dl n6a" d R6i61ncia d la 1"lva@ a$a a645$a$ la vida 1il d la 9i69a. f S ac"n6a la c"n1in5aci>n d n5va6 $"561a6@ a 1$avF6 d 5n n5v"  $"c1" 85 d6a$$"ll 5na $n6a ?id$75lica. f S 654i$ $ali!a$ 5n 9an1ni9in1" $vn1iv" l54" dl %5nci"na9in1" d la 9a85ina@ a$a vi1a$ c"$$"6i"n6 " %alla6 n l 9a1$ial d la 1"lva. f Man1n$ l 617nda$ d c"n1nid"@ a$a l 25n %5nci"na9in1" d la 9a85ina@ a$a 85 61a c59la c"n 65 vida 1il. f E6 indi6n6a2l ?ac$ 56" d l"6 lan"6@ n ca6" d 85 la 1"lva $6n1 al45na %alla@ d 9"d" 85 6 5da 52ica$ l 5n1" ac1" d la 9i69a. f S $""n 659ini61$a$ in%"$9aci>n nc6a$i" a 1"d" a85l 85 la2"$a n la 9a85ina@ a$a l 9an1ni9in1"  la $6$vaci>n d la 1"lva.

57

B%-"%o$ra7=a

C"vnin@ N"$9a Vn!"lana@  Acero, definiciones y clasificacion@ ),-,@ Di6"ni2l' ?11'.a$85i1c1"6$.c"9a$c?iv"d"nl"adCOVENINQ(33-3* ),-,Q(3Ac$"6Q(3D%inici"n6Q(3Cla6i%icaci"n6.d%@

C"n65l1a'

)

d

n"vi92$ d (3) C"vnin@ N"$9a Vn!"lana@ Soldadura y corte. Definiciones@ ),+,@ Di6"ni2l' ?11'6.6c$i2d.c"9d"c00+33-(COVENIN+,,+,SOLDADURACORTE DE#INICIONES6c$i2d@ C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3) #5ndaci>n@

/ii9dia@

Tolva@

(3)@

Inc@

Di6"ni2l'

?11'6.iidia."$4iiT"lva@ C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3) #ac5l1ad@ d Cincia6  Tcn"l"4a@ Selección Correcta del Material,@ 74ina ,@ Di6"ni2l' ?11'9a1$ia6.%c1.5966.d5.2"1cn"IIPD#ca)0.d% C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3) C?a$"al9a@ Ac$" In"@ Acero inoxidable como material higienico, (3))@ Di6"ni2l' ?11'6.6lid6?a$.n1c?a$"al9aac$"in"( C"n65l1a' ) d n"vi92$ d (3) Vn!5la@

T5a.c"9 ,

Cacao@

El

(333@

Di6"ni2l'

?11'.vn!5la15a.c"9c"cinacaca".?19 C"n65l1a' 9a$16@ ) d n"vi92$ d (3) Vn!5la@

T5a.c"9 ,

Cacao@

El

(333@

Di6"ni2l'

?11'.vn!5la15a.c"9c"cinacaca".?19 C"n65l1a' 9a$16@ ) d n"vi92$ d (3) C""$aci>n@ Al9ana al D6a$$"ll"@ Catalogo de mauinaria !ara !rocesamiento ,@

Di6"ni2l'

?116'n$4dia.in%"i9a4633-Ma85ina$iaWa$aWCaca".d%.

C"n65l1a'

de

cacao,

Li9a@

(3)*@

74ina

d"9in4"@ 3- d 9a$!" d (3)0 Da$1a9n1"@ d A4$ic5l15$a@ "a ingenier#a en el desarrollo $ Mane%o y tratamiento de granos !oscosecha, Di6"ni2l' ?11'.%a"."$4d"c$03)603)63,.?19

C"n65l1a' 9a$16@ ) d n"vi92$ d (3)

58

D7%%&%# ! T+r%o* Pro5&to' E6 5na ?$$a9in1a 85 $9i1 $c"n"c$@ c$a$  anali!a$  6i61971ica9n1 5n c"n5n1" d da1"6@ c"n l %in d "21n$ $65l1ad"6.

Or$a%4a&%#' Una "$4ani!aci>n 6 5n 6i619a di6ad" a$a alcan!a$ ci$1a6 91a6  "21iv"6. E61"6 6i619a6 5dn@ a 65 v!@ 61a$ c"n%"$9ad"6 "$ "1$"6 6526i619a6 $laci"nad"6 85 c59ln %5nci"n6 6c%ica6.

D%a$o*t%&o'  An7li6i6 "$4ani!ad" d 5na $alidad a l"6 a%c1"6 d idn1i%ica$   $i"$i!a$ l"6 $"2l9a6 85 6 n"6 lan1an@ 656 ca56a6  c"n6c5ncia6.

N&*%!a!'  E6 5na ca$ncia 6n1ida "$ l c$2$". La nc6idad 1in 5na $a!  2il>4ica@ 617 c"ndici"nada "$ l 9di" 6"cial.

A0"%*%* ! A"trat%.a*'  C"n6i61 n anali!a$ la6 di%$n16 al1$na1iva6 85 6 di6"nn@ a$a l"4$a$ l "21iv" $"561".

G*t%#'  E6 la %"$9a c"9" 5na in61i15ci>n "$in1a@ "$4ani!a  c51a acci"n6 c"nd5cn16 al l"4$" d 65 9i6i>n@ 1an1" n l 792i1" in1$n" c"9" 1$n".

Go-%ro' E6 n"$9al9n1@ la a51"$idad 85 di$i4@ c"n1$"la  ad9ini61$a la6 in61i15ci"n6 dl 61ad" l c5al c"n6i61 n a la c"nd5cci>n "l1ica 4n$al " $cici" dl "d$ dl 61ad".

59

A"&a"!=a'  L54a$ 5 "%icina 2lica d6d la c5al l alcald $c 65 5$i6dicci>n 95nicial. E6 5na dndncia d la 6c$1a$a d 4"2i$n" 85 6 nca$4a d la acci>n ad9ini61$a1iva dl di61$i1" n 5n 1$$i1"$i" d1$9inad".

O->t%.o'  E6 5na 91a " %inalidad a c59li$ a$a la 85 6 di6"nn 9di"6 d1$9inad"6.

Matr%4 2ODA' E6 5na ?$$a9in1a 51ili!ada a$a la %"$95laci>n  val5aci>n d 61$a14ia6J 65 n"92$ $"vin d la6 ala2$a6 #"$1al!a6@ O"$15nidad6@ D2ilidad6  A9na!a6.

Var%a-"' S"n l"6 di61in1"6 val"$6 " a1$i251"6 85 5dn ad85i$i$ 5na di9n6i>n " a6c1"6 dl $"2l9a.

I!%&a!or*' E6 la 9dici>n d v$i%icaci>n d l"6 di%$n16 val"$6@ $an4" " 196 d 5na va$ia2l.

A&t%.%!a!' E6 l c"n5n1" d acci"n6 " 1Fcnica6 85 n" 617n "$in1ada6 ?acia 5na 91a 6c%ica  85 $cn 65 %c1" d 5n 9"d" ind%inid"  indi$c1".

Co!%&%o*' S"n la6 ci$c5n61ancia6 n la6 c5l6 6 nc5n1$a 5n 6aci"@ 6a %6ic" " n" G1an4i2l " in1an4i2lH@ n l c5al 6 $ali!an ac1ividad6.

R&ur*o' E6 5na %5n1 " 659ini61$" dl c5al 6 $"d5c 5n 2n%ici". N"$9al9n1@ l"6 $c5$6"6 6"n 9a1$ial 5 "1$"6 ac1iv"6 85 6"n 1$an6%"$9ad"6 a$a $"d5ci$ 5n 2in " 6$vici".

P"ao'  E6 l l9n1" idal 85 6"l" "6 d"6 di9n6i"n6@  c"n1in in%ini1"6  5n1"6  $c1a6@ 9561$a 5na $$6n1aci>n a 6cala d 5n di6" Gdi%ici"@ ca6a@ 1c?ad"@ a$d6@ 6i619a6 d 2"92"@ l9n1"6 d 9a85ina6@ n1$ "1$"6H.

Pr*uu*to' E6 l c7lc5l"  n4"ciaci>n an1iciada d l"6 in4$6"6  4a61"6 d 5na ac1ividad c"n>9ica.

To".a' Rciin1 n %"$9a d i$79id " c"n" inv$1id"@ c"n 5na a2$15$a n 65  a$1 in%$i"$@ 85 6i$v a$a ?ac$ 85 65 c"n1nid" a6 "c" a "c" a "1$" l54a$ " $ciin1 d 2"ca 976 61$c?a.

Ca&ao' =$2"l 1$"ical d la %a9ilia d la6 61$c5li7ca6@ c"n 4$and6 ?"a6@ %l"$6 $"a6  %$51" 4$and  ala$4ad" 85 c"n1in d vin1 a c5a$n1a 69illa6' l caca" 6 "$i4ina$i" d A9F$ica. Es una fruta de origen tropical con la que 60

se produce el chocolate.

Mo"%o' M785ina 85 6i$v a$a 1$i15$a$@ 9"l$@ la9ina$ " 61$5a$ 9a1$ia6 6>lida6J 4n$al9n1 617 c"n61i15ida "$ d"6 i!a6@ 5na 9>vil 85 4i$a 6"2$ "1$a %ia.

Co&o"at' S561ancia ali9n1icia 85 6 la2"$a c"n 5na a61a d caca" n "lv"  a!ca$ 5lv$i!ad"  85 6 $6n1a n div$6a6 %"$9a6  va$idad6 64n l"6  $"c6"6 d la2"$aci>n 51ili!ad"6  l"6 in4$din16 aadid"6.

A&ro IoF%!a-"'  Alaci>n d ?i$$" c"n 85a6 can1idad6 d ca$2"n"  85 ad85i$ c"n l 19l 4$an d5$!a  la61icidad.

2ur4a ! Ro&'  La6 %5$!a6 d $"c 6"n %5$!a6 $"d5cida6 n1$ c5$"6 n c"n1ac1"@  85 "$ 65 na15$al!a ""nn $6i61ncia a c5al85i$ 1i" d 9"vi9in1" d 5n" $6c1" al "1$".

Vo"u' Mdida6 dl 6aci" d 1$6 di9n6i"n6 "c5ad" "$ 5n c5$". D*%!a!' E6 5na 9a4ni15d 6cala$ $%$ida a la can1idad d 9a6a n 5n d1$9inad" v"l59n d 5na 6561ancia.

P*o *&=7%&o' P6" d 5n c5$" "$ 5nidad d v"l59n. Ma*a' E6 5na 9dida d la can1idad d 9a1$ia 85 "6 5n c5$". Gra.!a!' #5$!a d a1$acci>n 85 $c la Ti$$a  "1$"6 c5$"6 cl616 6"2$ l"6 c5$"6 5 "21"6 85 all 6 "6an. Ta92iFn 6 c"n"cida c"9" %5$!a d 4$avdad " %5$!a 4$avi1aci"nal.

AFo*

61

Matr%4 2ODA •

2orta"4a La 9$6a 6 nc5n1$a n 25n

•

61ad". C5n1a

•

caaci1ad". S 1in di6"6ici>n a$a $ali!a$ 

•

5n 25n $"c1". C5n1a c"n la 9a1$ia $i9a

c"n

5n

$6"nal

•

•

• •

D-%"%!a!*  N" c5n1a c"n la6 9a85ina$ia6 nc6a$ia6. P"c" in4$6"

"$

%al1a

d

 $"d5cci>n. #al1a d 6aci" d 1$a2a". Pa$ali!aci>n d la $"d5cci>n "$  %al1a d 9a85ina$ia6.

nc6a$ia a$a la la2"$aci>n dl •

 $"d5c1". P"$ la 25na calidad d $"d5c1" c5n1a

c"n

5na

a9lia

•

di61$i25ci>n. Oortu%!a!* La !"na 6 $"d5c1"$a d caca" 

•

•

6"61in l $"d5c1" a 25n $ci". A"$1a$ 5n 25n $"c1" %ac1i2l

Aa4a* E6ca66 dl caca". P"ca d9anda dl $"d5c1" "$ la

6"2$ la 1"lva d ali9n1aci>n dl

•

 "ca $"d5cci>n. Cla565$a d la 9$6a "$ n"

•

9"lin". C5n1a c"n l a"" dl c"n6" c"95nal.

62

•

c"n1a$

c"n

$85$ida6.

la6

9a85ina$ia6

Mor%a 2oto$r07%&a

M"lin" d la Ma85ina

Ma85ina d la C?"c"la1$a

In6cci"nand" l 9"lin" d la 9a85ina

63

;$an"6 d caca" 51ili!ad"6 n la $"d5cci>n dl c?"c"la1

T$$n" d la c?"c"la1$a@ d"nd 6 c5l1iva la 9a1$ia $i9a

Vi65ali!aci>n d la 9a85ina  l"6 i9l9n1"6 85 61a 51ili!a

64