YEREVAN STATE LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY AFTER V. BRUSOV
Developing Listening Skills And Pronunciation (By H. Tovmasyan, M. Kocharyan)
YEREVAN “LINGVA” 2009
YEREVAN STATE LINGUSTIC UNIVERSITY AFTER V.BRUSOV
The textbook is accredited and recommended for publishing by the Science Council of YSLU
Editorial Board:
S.Margaryan, PhD, Assistant Professor S.Gyurjayants, PhD, Assistant Professor
The present textbook of practical phonetics is designed for the firstyear students of English faculties and departments. It consists of 10 units. Each unit is composed of a variety of phonetic exercises, dialogues and texts. The aim of the textbook is to develop and improve the listening, comprehension and pronunciation skills of the students.
ISBN
978-9939-56-019-9
© Tovmasyan, 2009 © Kocharyan, 2009 © “Lingva”, 2009
From the authors: The Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation introduces central exercises relating to sound and pronunciation patterns in English. The Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation is designed to •
improve pronunciation skills so as to be easily understood
•
understand live English speech
•
improve conversational skills
•
eliminate the frustration students once felt
•
increase confidence as a speaker
•
increase success in any communicative situation
The Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation is a complex of phonetic exercises concentrated on ear-training. The exercises explore the range of sound types available in speech, paying particular attention to British English. Students learn to produce and recognize speech sounds in different phonetic contexts, and develop basic listening skills. An important aim of the manual is to enable students to appreciate how native and non-native speakers of a language produce speech sounds under varying phonetic conditions, and to note how they relate to standard phonetic descriptions of English. This will equip them with the basic tools necessary to undertake practical analyses of speech in the context. Students as well as foreign-born speakers who want to reduce their accent and improve their listening skills can benefit from the Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation.
3
Contents DEVELOPING LISTENING SKILLS ....................................................... 1 AND PRONUNCIATION............................................................................ 1 UNIT I.......................................................................................................... 5 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................... 9 HOTEL SERVICES ...................................................................................... 9 UNIT II ...................................................................................................... 22 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 26 IN FLIGHT ............................................................................................... 26 UNIT III .................................................................................................... 33 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 37 TRAVELING ............................................................................................. 37 UNIT IV..................................................................................................... 45 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 50 BUSINESS ................................................................................................ 50 UNIT V ...................................................................................................... 67 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 71 SHOPPING ............................................................................................... 71 UNIT VI..................................................................................................... 77 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 81 FOOD AND DRINK ................................................................................... 81 UNIT VII ................................................................................................... 90 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 94 TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS ................................................................. 94 UNIT VIII.................................................................................................. 97 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 100 AT THE AIRPORT................................................................................... 100 UNIT IX................................................................................................... 107 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 111 ENTERTAINMENT .................................................................................. 111 UNIT X .................................................................................................... 114 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 119 CULTURAL DIVERSITIES. ...................................................................... 119 4
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................... 127
UNIT I SPEECH SOUNDS
Exercise I a. Tick the right variant.
1. Fat
4. mouth
[fɔ:t] [fæt] [fa:t]
2. rock
[məʊθ] [ma:θ]
5. both
[rɒk] [rʊk] [rɔ:k]
3. their
[maʊθ]
[bɔ:θ] [boʊθ] [bʌθ]
6. comb
[ðoʊ] [ðeI] [ðεə]
b. Now listen and check.
5
[koʊm] [kaʊm] [keIm]
Exercise II a. Listen and repeat the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation: Group 1 – [æ]: am - cat - Japan - bag - thanks - packet - fat - that Group 2 – [a:]: hard - artist - car - grass - arm - calm - father Group 3 – [ə]: about - Saturday - Japan - grammar - cassette - woman Group 4 – [ɔ:]: fall - small - saw – all b. Which groups do these words go in? (Write: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 ) grandmother
1
tomato
2
man
ball
park
are
cathedral
call
half
bad
accident
apple
America
again
bank
dark
war
March
talk
have
walk
sat
strawberries
hat
can
ask
can’t
Brazil
dance
warm
c. Now listen and check.
6
1
Exercise III a. Cross the silent letters in the following words and transcribe them. 1. sign
[
]
5. receipt
[
]
2. honest
[
]
6. knee
[
]
3. cupboard
[
]
7. half
[
]
4. salmon
[
]
8. whistle
[
]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Tick the correct variant.
1.
2.
television
6.
June
[Ʒ]
[Ʒ]
[ʤ]
[ʤ]
Jew
7.
pleasure
[Ʒ]
[Ʒ]
[ʤ]
[ʤ]
7
3.
4.
5.
manager
8.
revision
[Ʒ]
[Ʒ]
[ʤ]
[ʤ]
occasion
9.
orange
[Ʒ]
[Ʒ]
[ʤ]
[ʤ]
January
10.
soldier
[Ʒ]
[Ʒ]
[ʤ]
[ʤ]
b. Now listen and check.
8
Listening Comprehension Hotel Services
Exercise I. Listen to Edgar’s conversation at the hotel. Tick (√) the facilities Edgar’s room has. Facility King-size bed Bath Shower
TV In-room movies
Yes
No
□ □ □ □ □
□ □ □ □ □ 9
Room safe Mini bar
□ □
□ □
Exercise II Listen to the dialogue. Circle the correct answer.
1.
Where is the situation? a. at the restaurant b. at the airport c. at the hotel restaurant d. at the hotel reception
2.
When does she plan to check-in? a. tomorrow morning b. tonight c. in a fortnight d. in two hours 10
3.
How long does she plan to stay? a. a week b. a fortnight c. a month d. four nights
4.
What kind of room does she want? a. double b. twin c. single deluxe d. single
5.
How is she going to pay? a. by a Cirrus Maestro Card b. by transfer c. in cash d. by a MasterCard
11
Exercise III Listen to the dialogue. Circle the right answer. 1.
Where does she call? a. room service b. car service c. laundry service d. delivery service
2.
What does she want? a. something to eat b. to find the city map c. a hairdryer d. an iron
3.
What does she order to drink? a. white wine b. red wine c. whiskey d. cherrydans
4.
What wine brand does she prefer? a. Burgundi b. California Chardonnay c. Bordeau d. Chateau
5.
How long does it take to bring the order? a. five minutes 12
b. twenty minutes c. half an hour d. fifteen minutes Exercise IV Vancouver: Alicia is checking in. Pearl Li is at reception. a. Listen to the dialogue and underline anything that is different. Pearl:
Good evening, ma’am.
Alicia:
Good evening. I want to check in.
Pearl:
Do you have a booking?
Alicia:
Yes, I do.
Pearl:
What name?
Alicia:
Romero. Alicia Romero.
Pearl:
Just a moment... I don’t have your surname on the list.
Alicia:
Try my company. That’s Sagebrush Tours.
13
Pearl:
Ah, yes. I have it here. Sagebrush Tours, 1276 Market Street, San Diego. Ms Romero. A double room for ten nights.
Alicia:
That’s right.
Pearl:
And the room’s reserved on your MasterCard card. Are you paying with that card?
Alicia:
Yes, I am.
Pearl:
OK, I just need you to complete this application form.
Alicia:
Thank you. Uh, sorry, what’s the date today?
Pearl:
March 12th.You is in room 1631.
b. Listen again and correct above the line.
14
Car Services Exercise I Natalie Trudeau is at the Federal – U.S.A. car rental office in the airport terminal. Read the conversation and complete the sentences. Then listen to the recording and compare.
Natalie Trudeau:
Good morning. I’d like …………………………….…, please.
Clerk:
Yes, ma’am. For …………………..?
Natalie Trudeau:
For three days.
Clerk:
All right. Where ………………………….to leave the car?
Natalie Trudeau:
……… I leave it at the downtown office?
15
Clerk:
Sure – you can ……………our cars at any of our offices. What kind of car …………………………?
Natalie Trudeau:
…………….. see your brochure?
Clerk:
…………………………….. .
Natalie Trudeau:
Uh, it’s not important really. ……………………. this one?
Clerk:
OK. ……………………….. driver’s license?
Natalie Trudeau:
I have an International Driver’s License and a French one.
Clerk:
Fine. Thank you. Now, …………………… C.D.W and personal accident insurance?
Natalie Trudeau:
Sure. I’ll take both.
Clerk:
Right, can you check these two boxes, and put your initials here, and again here.
Natalie Trudeau:
………………………. .
Clerk:
How do you want …………………?
Natalie Trudeau:
American Express, please. 16
Clerk:
That’s fine. Would you be interested in our Federal Charge Card? It can be used at any federal Rental Office.
Natalie Trudeau:
I think I have too ………………. charge cards already.
Exercise II Listen to the dialogues. a.
Decide whether the statements are true or false.
b.
Fill in the blanks with the correct variants
Call I
1. Edgar wants to rent a small car. 17
True
False
□
□
2. Edgar has a pre-reservation.
□
□
3. Edgar wants a car for the week-end.
□
□
4. Edgar doesn't prefer very small vehicles.
□
□
True
False
1. Edgar wants to rent a full-size car.
□
□
2. The price on mid-size cars is $55.
□
□
3. The drop of charge is $10.
□
□
Call 2
18
4. The clerk cannot hold the car for Edgar.
□
□
Exercise III Listen to the conversations and fill in the blanks. Conversation A Clerk:
Hello. Do you have a _________________?
Edgar:
Yes. Young. Edgar Young.
Clerk:
OK, Mr. Young, I have it right here. May I see your __________________________?
Edgar:
There you go.
Clerk:
And this is your current home address?
Edgar:
That’s right.
Clerk:
May I have a ________________________ ___________________________________?
Edgar:
My home number or my hotel in San Diego?
19
Clerk:
Whatever.
Edgar:
Home. 604-559-4173.
Clerk:
Are there any other drivers?
Edgar:
No. ____________________.
Clerk:
How are you paying for this?
Edgar:
___________________. Visa. There you go.
Clerk:
Thank you. What about collision damage waiver and personal accident________________?
Edgar:
Yes, I want both of them.
Clerk:
OK. Could you sign your name here…and _____________ here. Thanks. The car has a full tank of gas. You can return it full, or we can fill it for you.
Conversation B
20
Edgar:
Fine. Do you have a ____________?
Clerk:
Yes. There you go. These are the keys. The car’s in the __________________. It’s a white Pontiac Achieve. You can find it in bay 39.
Edgar:
Thanks. Uh, does it have _________________________?
Clerk:
Yes. All our cars in California have air conditioning.
Edgar:
Good. It’s a ____________ hot day!
21
UNIT II SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Tick the correct variant.
1.
business
2.
None of the above answers
tower
3.
5. to live aI
]
None of the above answers
6. palace
[ ou ]
None of the above answers
ocean
[
None of the above answers
7. a life
[ ou ]
22
[ aI ]
4.
None of the above answers
parliament
None of the above answers
8. to show
None of the above answers
[ ou ] None of the above answers
b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II a. Write the following words next to the correct diphthong.
where
clear
stay
shy
beer
weigh
know
sure
now
noise
phone
bear
high
enjoy
aloud
poor
near
hair
pay
go
my
boy
how
tour
[Iə] [ɛə] [eI] 23
[oʊ] [aI] [ƆI] [aʊ] [ʊə]
b. Now listen and check.
Exercise III Tick the correct variant.
1. those
6.
cloth
[ θ]
[ θ]
[ð]
[ð]
2. thing
7.
tooth
[ θ]
[ θ]
[ð]
[ð]
3. maths
8.
another
[ θ]
[ θ]
[ð]
[ð]
24
4. weather
9.
thin
[ θ]
[ θ]
[ð]
[ð]
5. with
10.
brother
[ θ]
[ θ]
[ð]
[ð]
b. Now listen and check.
Exercise IV. a. Each word contains one or two silent vowels or consonants. Fill in the blanks with a letter or letters with no sound: Example :
h
what
hour
could
reading
sandwich
secretary
brought
work
sight
honest
would
lamb
dark
night
every
often
half
tired
answer
25
b. Now listen and check.
Listening Comprehension In Flight Exercise I a. Listen and underline which is different from what you hear.
L adies and gentlemen, this is your pilot speaking. I hope you’re enjoying your flight to Milan this morning. At the moment, we’re passing over the beautiful city of Geneva, in the east of Switzerland. If you’re sitting on the right-hand side of the plane, you can see the city from the window. We’re flying at 10,000 meters and we’re traveling at a speed of 700 km/h. I’m afraid the weather in Milan this morning is not very good. It’s raining and there is a light wind blowing. Enjoy the rest of your flight. Thank you for flying with us today!
26
b. Listen again and check your answers to exercise I.
Exercise II Jeff Kramer has to change planes in Denver. Listen to the announcements during his flight to Denver.
Announcement 1 Listen, and check (√) the correct boxes. a
□ They’re on a Boeing 767. □ They’re on a Boeing 747.
b
□ They have just taken off. □ They haven’t taken off yet. 27
c
□ They can’t smoke at the moment. □ They can’t smoke at all during the flight.
Announcement 2 Listen, and check (√) the correct boxes. a
□ They have just taken off. □ They haven’t taken off yet.
b
□ Mr. Kramer must be worried about his connection. □ Mr. Kramer has nothing to worry about.
Announcement 3 d
□ The passengers will have lunch in a few hours.
e
□ The pilot hopes they’ll be less than 30 minutes late.
Announcement 4 Are these statements true (√) or false (X) ? a
□ They haven’t landed yet.
b
□ They have just landed.
28
c
□ Mr. Kramer has 45 minutes before his connecting flight.
Exercise III Conversation A Hiroshi is Japanese. He is on a flight from Tokyo to Vancouver. Listen to the conversations. Fill in the blanks. Flight Attendant:
Salmon, chicken or ______________?
Hiroshi:
_________________, please.
Flight Attendant:
Anything to drink?
Hiroshi:
Yes. Water, please.
Flight Attendant:
Still or ___________________?
Hiroshi:
_____________, I don’t understand.
Flight Attendant:
This is Evian. It’s still. And this is Perrier. It’s ________________.
Hiroshi:
Oh, yes. Evian, please.
29
Conversation B Alicia is flying from San Diego to Vancouver. Flight Attendant:
Tea or coffee?
Alicia:
___________________, please.
Flight Attendant:
_______________ or decaffeinated?
Alicia:
Regular.
Flight Attendant:
________________ or sugar?
Alicia:
Cream, please. No sugar.
Flight Attendant:
There you go.
Alicia:
__________________.
Flight Attendant:
For you, sir?
Alicia:
No, thanks. I’m fine.
Exercise IV Listen to the arrival record. a. Underline what is different from what you hear. b. Listen again and give the correct answers above the lines. 30
This is your I-94 Arrival Record. Please complete it in pencil
and in block capitals. Section 1: write your name – don’t forget the
block capitals. Section 2 is for your surname. In section 3, write your
birth date. First the month, then the year, and finally the day. Section
4 is for your country of residence. Section 5 is sex – male or female.
In section 6, put your Credit card number, then in 7, your passport
number. This is on your boarding pass, for example Asian Airways
Flight 177 – write BA 177. For British Airlines Flight 210, write AA
210. In 8, write the city where you are living now, and in section 9,
the city where you boarded this flight. For section 10, look at your
serial number in your passport. Write the city where the visa was 31
given, and in section 11 the date of your visa. Again write day, then
month, then year. Section 12 is your first address in Britain – put the
number and street here. In section 13, write the city and the state. Put
your I-94 in your passport, and hand it to passport control in Britain.
Thank you for following us.
Exercise V Listen to the dialogue and circle the right answer. 1.
What does the voice remind the passengers? a.
that they should avoid sleeping on the flight
b. that the use of any electronic equipment is prohibited on the flight. c. That they should fasten their seat belts 2.
Why doesn’t Edgar follow the rules? a. he didn’t hear the announcement b. he is working on an important document c. he is in the middle of an interesting computer game.
3.
Why should Edgar turn off his computer? a. it’s dangerous for the passengers 32
b. it may interfere with the airplane’s equipment c. he will have to pay a fee 4.
Edgar is traveling by a. Air France b. Air Alaska c. Air Canada
UNIT III SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Tick the correct variant.
1.
fruit
2.
4.
7. [ u: ] 8.
could
9. 33
[ u: ]
look
[ u: ]
[ u: ]
school
June
sugar
[ u: ]
woman
3.
6.
push
[ u: ]
5.
[ u: ]
pull
10.
[ u: ]
do
[ u: ]
[ u: ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise II a. Listen and repeat the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation:
Group 1 – [I]: his - it - big - is - sing - dictionary - many Group 2 – [aI]: my - right - night - ninety - bike - hi - ice Group 3 – [3:]: bird - thirty - birthday - girl – first b. Which groups do these words go in? - (Write: 1 - 2 - 3) video
1
shirt
2
wine
1
Itґs
kind
dirty
write
English
third
Italy
tie
Brazil
sit
skirt
why
like
in
milk
five
34
sir
bye
think
six
lie
have
walk
walk
live
with
firm
cry
ship
time
river
build
rich
life
might
c. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1.
Scissors
2.
[∅]
[s] [k]
Secretary
3.
4. talk
[ Ɔ: ] [ɒ]
5. Tuesday
[∅] [ a: ] [Ə]
[∅] [e] [I]
6. guilty
Blouse
[∅]
[∅] [b] 35
[∅] [I]
[ʊ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Match the following words with the stress patterns: potato, award, teacher, receive, unhappy, eleventh, evening, banana, language, director, forgetful, forget, beginner, politely, bottle, disgusting, unwilling, funny, decide, industrious, begin, believe, summer, honey
happy
appear
36
tomato
b. Now listen and check.
Listening Comprehension Traveling Exercise I. Listen to Mary and Bill from the USA who went on a tour around Europe. Tick (√) the things they did and cross (×) the things they didn’t.
(Vienna) buy some souvenirs
have a steam bath
37
visit the museums and galleries
write some postcards
fly home
go to the Opera
do some shopping
take a tram
find a cheap hotel
lose a wallet
stay with friends
have a meal in a smart restaurant
meet some New Yorkers
read the English newspapers
make friends with local people
relax in the parks
listen to a concert
38
see the queen
(Budapest)
Exercise II a. Listen to the conversation. Which countries have they visited?
Man ___________________________________________
Woman ________________________________________
b. Listen again and tick the things they have seen or the places they have visited. kangaroos surfing beaches Sydney Opera House Lake Constance a ski resort
Moscow mountain scenery Zurich Red Square the Kremlin
39
Moscow, Red Square
Switzerland, a ski resort
Exercise III a. Listen to the conversation and number the places as Duncan mentions them.
Machu Picchu
______
Amazon.
______
Santiago
______
jungles
______
Lima
______
South America
______
Sugar Loaf mountain
______
Valparaiso
______
Rio
______
40
b. Listen to the conversation again. Try to remember what Duncan plans to do in each place. Put the number of the place by what he’s going to do there. lie on the beach spend a week in the jungle visit the ruins go round the museum do some sightseeing take the cable car up the mountain stay in a hotel buy some souvenirs meet his girlfriend hire a car travel by coach learn to dance the samba
41
Exercise IV a. You are going to listen to a doctor talk about what you should and shouldn’t do to stay healthy when you travel. Match the complaints with the advice.
Complaint
Advice
1. Jet lag
a. Drink lots of water. b. Don’t spend all day in the sun.
2. Stomach upsets
c. Take an insect repellent. d. Cover your arms and legs.
3. Insect bites water
e. Wear a hat. f. Drink only bottled or boiled
4. Sunstroke
g. Don’t eat uncooked food. h. Try to stay awake.
b. Listen to the doctor again and check if you were right.
Exercise V It’s Wednesday May 30th. Alicia is talking to Simon about her trip. Listen to Alicia. a. Put a tick (√) if the statement is true and a cross (x) if it is false. 42
True
False
1.
They took off from Vancouver Harbor.
□
□
2.
The flight lasted fifty minutes.
□
□
3.
They got there by a floatplane.
□
□
4.
The pilot gave them a bottle of sparkling water. □
□
5.
They saw two bears in the mountains.
□
□
6.
They stayed in the mountains for two hours.
□
□
7.
The take-off was rather easy.
□
□
43
8.
They managed to make over the mountain.
b. Listen again and correct the statements.
44
□
□
UNIT IV SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Listen to these words and pay attention to their pronunciation: Group 1 – [ e ]: beg - web - lend - fell - American - bell - sell - tell bed - less - pencil - ten - spell - help - yes Group 2 – [ Ə ]: mother - perhaps - rubber - them - secret - accident nevertheless - paper - president - over - never Group 3 – [ 3: ]: refer - service - term - person - perfume - her - verb - version - perfect - nervous - external - jersey Group 4 – [ i: ]: see - he - three - medium - weekend - extreme week - equal - female - be - evening - seen – sleep
b. Which groups do these words go in? - (Write: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4) feel
1
we
3
herself
later
even
German
welcome
secretary
need
French
expert
these
brother
hers
she
yesterday
red
tennis
very
see
worker
45
2
desk
me
letter
men
species
twelve
c. Now listen and check. Exercise II a. Read the following groups of words. Which word in each group has a different sound? Fill in the blanks in the following exercise with them:
beard - dear - heard - hear lion - million - billion - millionaire fruit - suit - juice - built horse - history - story - cord arrived - lived - needed - joined asks - rubs - sails - rains wanted – depended - watched - waited country - young - youth - couple b. Now listen and check.
46
Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. chocolate
4. business
[∅] [Ɔ: ] [ɒ]
2. night
[ i:]
5. screen
[∅] [g] [ gh ]
3. climb
[∅] [I]
[∅] [s] [k]
8. design
[∅] [b]
[∅] [g]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Transcribe the following words:
child
brother
we
friend
English
beach
47
pretty
intelligent
town
eleven
afternoon
night
right
housewife
thirty
very
different
worker
six
student
twelve
age
second
c. Now listen and check. Exercise V a. Tick the correct variant.
1.
nine
2.
7.
8.
48
[ ŋ] [n]
machine
[ ŋ]
[ ŋ] [n]
single
[ ŋ] [n]
thanks
telephone
[ ŋ] [n]
wrong
3.
6.
[ ŋ]
4.
nationali ty
5.
9.
10 .
b. Now listen and check.
49
[ ŋ] [n]
monkey
[ ŋ] [n]
[n]
many
[ ŋ] [n]
since
[n]
[ ŋ] [n]
Listening Comprehension Business Exercise I. a. Listen to the conversation below and complete the sentences.
Dr. Santos is attending the Sixth International Convention of Civil Engineers. He has just registered. Dr. Santos:
Excuse me, ___________________________ where the Convention Secretary’s office is?
Sophie:
Sure. Go down the hall, turn right, and it’s the first door on your left.
50
Dr. Santos:
Thank you. Now – what did you say? _______________________________________ I’ll find his door __________________________ . Oh, here it is. James McGovern – Convention Secretary.
James McGovern:
Come in!
Dr. Santos:
Good morning. _______________ Dr. Joao Santos.
James McGovern:
Well, Dr. Santos, it’s a pleasure to _________________________ .
Dr. Santos:
I understand you _______________ me to ________________ a speech tonight.
James McGovern:
Yes, ________________________________ the best person to do it.
Dr. Santos:
You _____________________ me to _________________________ the Japanese Ambassador.
James McGovern:
That’s right.
Dr. Santos:
And how long _______________________ 51
me to _________________________ ? James McGovern:
Oh, about ten or fifteen ________________. You _______________________________ a warm welcome in the name of the engineering profession and perhaps say ___________________________________ about the purpose of the convention.
Dr. Santos:
Sure, I can do that.
James McGovern:
That’s great. I’ll leave it to you, then.
Dr. Santos:
All right. ____________________ and prepare _____________________________.
James McGovern:
Fine. _______________________________ at dinner.
Dr. Santos:
___________________________________.
b. Listen to the recording and compare. Exercise II a. Read the conversations and complete the sentences, using the expressions from the box below. 52
Conversation A Consuela Rodriguez: Well, good-bye, Ryan. Don’t forget, _______________________________ _______________________________ Ryan Thomas:
I will. ______________________________?
Consuela Rodriguez: Of course. Ryan Thomas:
_______________________________ .
Consuela Rodríguez: Oh, yes. It was fine. Except for the last few days. It’s been full of people for the Engineer’s Convention!
Conversation B Max Devereux:
So, __________________________ in 53
Seattle. Michael Robertson:
Yes. I’ll report back to my bosses in Toronto tomorrow, and ______________________ .
Max Devereux:
I certainly think we can do business together, Michael.
Michael Robertson:
I hope so.
Conversation C Bell Captain:
Excuse me! Mr. Meeks!
Wilbur Meeks:
Ah, yes?
Bell Captain:
The Front Desk Manager wants to speak to you before you leave, sir.
Wilbur Meeks:
______________________________ ___________ .
Bell Captain:
____________________________ ___________ sir. There’s something about a cleaning charge for your carpet …
54
Conversation D James McGovern:
Thank you again, Dr. Santos. _____________________________ _____________________________ ________________ . And thank you for your impressive speech!
Joao Santos:
Well, _______________________ . _____________________________ __________________________
James McGovern:
That’s what I’m here for.
Joao Santos:
Well, _______________________ . _____________________________ __________________________ Good-bye.
55
Expressions: … it’s been nice to meet you. I’ll call your secretary to arrange a meeting. I’ll look forward to seeing you. I’m in a hurry. I have a plane to catch. … if you are ever in Mexico City, you should come and see us. … thank you for all your help. And we’ll see you again next year? It’s been a pleasure having you here. It will only take a moment. I hope the hotel was OK.
Exercise III. Wilbur Meeks is a sales representative. Last week he signed a contract with Burlingham Inc. He wrote a report for the Chief Executive of his company. Yesterday the Chief Executive asked to see him. Listen to the recording, then answer questions a-h in the box.
56
a. Whose office was it? ___________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ b. Was the Chief Executive angry? __________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ c. Why was Wilbur Meeks surprised?________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ d. What was the Chief Executive happy about? ________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ e. Did he know Wilbur well?_______________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ f. Was the contract worth $100,000? ________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 57
g. How much was it worth? _______________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ h. What was the mistake in Wilbur Meeks report? ______________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Exercise IV Listen to the conversations. Underline anything that is different. A Job Interview
Conversation A Ms. Dukakis:
Come in. Mr. Lo, isn’t it? Please, have a seat.
Mr. Lo:
Thank you.
Ms. Dukakis:
Did you have a good journey?
Mr. Lo:
Yes, thanks. I came up from San Diego the day before yesterday.
Ms. Dukakis:
And did you find a nice hotel? 58
Mr. Lo:
No. I’m staying at a resort in Oakland.
Ms. Dukakis:
Oh, that’s all right, you’re from the Bay area, aren’t you?
Mr. Lo:
Yes. I was born and raised in Oakland.
Ms. Dukakis:
When did you leave?
Mr. Lo:
I went to school in L.A. That was in 1988.
Ms. Dukakis:
So, where are you presently working?
Mr. Lo:
Soledad Computers in San Diego. Have you been there?
Ms. Dukakis:
No, not really. How long have you been with them?
Mr. Lo:
I’ve been working there since I graduated from college.
Ms. Dukakis:
Why do you want to change jobs now?
59
Mr. Lo:
I’d like to do some traveling. I want to use my
computer skills, and I want a funny
job. Ms. Dukakis:
Yes. I see here that you speak Turkish and Spanish. Puede usted traducirmelo?
Mr. Lo:
Excuse me? Can you say that once again?
Ms. Dukakis:
That’s OK. Do you want to live closer to your parents?
Mr. Lo:
That’s not the reason why I want this job. But yes, I'd like to live in this city again.
Ms. Dukakis:
Well, thank you, Mr. Lo. We'll call you.
Conversation B Ms. Dukakis:
Come in, Ms. Danziger. Please have a ….
60
Ms. Danziger:
Please call me Crystal. My, you have a large office.
Ms. Dukakis:
Thank you. Did you have a nice trip?
Ms. Danziger:
It was OK. I got in on the late flight last night.
Ms. Dukakis:
Ah, you’re from Los Angeles, aren’t you?
Ms. Danziger:
I live in L.A. at the present time, but I’m originally from New York. Of course, I’m not often in L.A. I’ve been to nine countries this year.
Ms. Dukakis:
Tell me about your previous job.
Ms. Danziger:
I’m a secretary for a book publisher … Travel Books Incorporated. We sell travel books and maps. I travel around North America. You see from my resume that I
61
speak Russian and Deutch. I majored in Russian for my Masters degree and then … Ms. Dukakis:
Where did you get your degree?
Ms. Danziger:
I got it from the University of Moscow. But, before that, I did my Bachelors at the University of Amsterdam.
Ms. Dukakis:
How long have you been with your Travel Books?
Ms. Danziger:
Three years. Before that I was with the Disney company for a year in Florida, and before that I worked at a public stationary company in Dallas for ten months.
Ms. Dukakis:
Have you ever sold perfume?
Ms. Danziger:
No, but selling is selling. It's all the same to me.
62
Ms. Dukakis:
And do you speak any Asian languages?
Ms. Danziger:
No, but I learn fast. I majored in languages. Now, I want to ask you some questions about this job ...
b. listen again and correct the conversations above the lines.
Exercise V Listen to the conversations and fill in the blanks. Conversation A Jack Hudson is at the offices of Pacific Rim Cruises. It’s Friday May 26th. Marsha:
________________, there’s someone at the door. Come in!
Jack:
Good morning, Ms. Irving?
63
Marsha:
Yes, I’m Marsha Irving. Uh, do you have an _____________________?
Jack:
Jack Hudson? Absolutely Arizona Mineral Waters? This is my ___________.
Marsha:
Oh, yes. You’re very ___________…excuse me…Stefan, can I ______________? I have a ___________. OK. In about twenty minutes.
Conversation B Jack:
I just want to try this.
Marsha:
________________________?
Jack:
I want you to try a ____________ of Absolutely Arizona…before I say anything. 64
Marsha:
OK. Mm. Yes, it’s all right.
Jack:
All right? This is the best ____________________________ in North America. It’s produced and _____________ in Arizona, and…
Marsha:
Did you say “Arizona”?
Jack:
Yes, ma’am. I did.
Marsha:
But Arizona’s one of the ___________ states…it’s ______________, isn’t it?
Jack:
It’s not all desert. This comes from high in the mountains.
Marsha:
But our passengers want well-known _____________________. Perrier, Evian. 65
Jack:
I can give you a very special deal …we have a lot of Absolutely Arizona here in Vancouver. We can __________________ immediately. You can try it out on your next ______________.
Marsha:
I’m sorry, Mr. Hudson. You’re _______________ your time. You see, I just _______________________ for our next cruise. Sorry.
66
UNIT V SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Tick the correct variant.
1. use, uses
6.
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
2. tell, tells
7.
[z] [ Iz ] 8.
[z] [ Iz ]
4. write, writes
9.
[z] [ Iz ]
5. run, runs
[s] [z] [ Iz ] [s] [z] [ Iz ]
hope, hopes
[s]
[z] [ Iz ]
cook, cooks
[s]
[s]
live, lives
[s]
3. pass, passes
ring, rings
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
10. love, loves
[s] [z] [ Iz ] 67
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise II. Transcribe the following words. Be careful! They all have silent letters.
1. castle
[
]
2. foreign
[
]
3. bomb
[
]
4. heart
[
]
5. sandwich
[
]
6. knowledge
[
]
7. island
[
]
8. psychology
[
]
9. knock
[
]
10. hymn
[
]
68
b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Group the following words according to the vowel sounds they contain. break, done, small, bud, pray, boot, paid, sort, son, nut, look, good, rose, fork, nose, foot, talk, made, cut, smoke shoot, walk, owes, port, broke, lady.
[ʊ]
[ɔ:]
[ʌ]
[eI]
[oʊ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Each word contains one or two silent vowels or consonants. Fill in the blanks with silent letters: 69
castle
neighbour
sure
climb
psychology
should
should
chocolate
write
horse
upstairs
talk
are
yesterday
bomb
word
bought
person
wrong
garden
b. Now listen and check.
70
Listening Comprehension Shopping Exercise I.
Listen to the dialogue, circle the right answer. 1. Where is the situation? a) at a restaurant b) at a library c) at a department store
71
2. What is the customer looking for? a)
trousers
b)
a sweater
c)
a pair of shoes
3. What colour sweater did the customer want? a) green b) blue c) yellow 4.
How did the green sweater fit the customer? It was a) too small b) too tight c) too big
5. What colour sweater did the assistant suggest? a) green b) pink c) red Exercise II Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.
72
1. What magazine does Michael Robertson want to buy?
2. How much does the magazine cost?
3. What kind of gum does Michael prefer?
4. What else did Michael buy?
5. What time was it?
Exercise III Consuela Rodriguez is in Los Angeles on business. She has some spare time on her first morning, and she has come to the Drake Mall to do some shopping. Listen to the four conversations, then listen again and complete the chart.
73
Conversation Which store What did she Who was How much was she in? buy? it for? did she spend? 1
2
3
4
74
Exercise IV Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks.
Alicia:
These _______________are really beautiful.
Assistant:
Yes, they are. They’re _____________ Native American designs, made of pure ________, and they’re made here in Alaska.
Alicia:
I
need
some
throws
for
my
___________________…but I need more than one. Assistant:
How many do you need?
Alicia:
__________, maybe three.
Assistant:
Well, they’re $______ each but I can give you a ____________________.
Alicia:
Really? How much?
Assistant:
$________ for the three.
75
Alicia:
Hmm. I don’t have much _________ in my cabin.
Assistant:
We can _________ them anywhere in the United States.
Alicia:
San Diego?
Assistant:
Sure. That’s no problem.
Alicia:
They’re really nice…but I don’t know.
Assistant:
We won’ __________ you for hipping.
Alicia:
OK. It’s a _______. Do you take American Express?
76
UNIT VI SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Tick the correct variant.
1. rained
6.
[t] [d] [ Id ]
2. started
7.
[d] [ Id ] 8.
[d] [ Id ]
4. helped
9.
[d] [ Id ]
5. visited
[t] [d] [ Id ] [t] [d] [ Id ]
walked
[t]
[d] [ Id ]
opened
[t]
[t]
hoped
[t]
3. arrived
begged
[t] [d] [ Id ]
10. wanted
[t] [d] [ Id ] 77
[t] [d] [ Id ]
b. Now listen and check
Exercise II a. Notice how you pronounce the definite article the, put these words into correct columns: the event, the game, the office, the train, the bouquet, the airport, the service, the order, the hour, the opportunity, the harvest, the edge, the manager, the olives, the interpreter, the twins, the force, the pleasure, the exhibition, the possibility.
/ðI/
/ðǝ/
78
b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. knee
6.
7. [s] 8. [l]
4. enough
9. [f]
5. build
[∅] [k]
knife
[∅]
[∅] [g]
key
[∅]
[∅] [l]
thought
[∅]
3. talk
[∅] [k]
2. listen
calm
[∅] [k]
10. kill
[∅] [ u: ] 79
[∅] [k]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Which word doesn’t belong to the group?
[i:]
sit
ski - leave - sit - sea - key
[æ]
cat - bag - hand - dark - bad
[ɒ]
hot - doctor - wrong - stop - sport
[ʌ]
money - mother - home - some - nothing
[a:]
glass - talk - father – can’t - park
[e]
video - pencil - tennis - men - bed
[I]
think - field - this - Italy - big
[ɔ:]
forty - more - short - born - actor
[u:]
June - curly - fruit - true - flu
[eI]
name - orange - train - plane - they
[aI]
five - like - live - fine – nice
b. Now listen and check.
80
Listening Comprehension Food and Drink I. Listen to the waiter. He’s describing one of the dishes. Tick (√) the foods the waiter mentions.
tuna olive oil shrimp basil ketchup tomato salt eggplant
□ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 81
zucchini garlic potatoes onion lettuce spinach pepper lemons
□ □ □ □ □ □ □ □
Exercise II a. Listen to the dialogues and underline anything that is different.
82
Dialogue 1
A:
Look, there are some seats in the corner.
B:
You three go and sit down and I’ll get the orders.
What would you like?
A:
I’d like a gin and tonic, please.
B:
Would you like ice with your gin?
A:
Yes, please.
C:
And I’d like a mineral water, please. No ice.
B:
Would you like anything to eat?
A:
No, thanks.
C:
I’d like some crisps, please.
83
Dialogue 2
A:
Would you like some salad with your steak?
B:
No, thanks, but can I have some more chips, please.
A:
Yes, help yourself. But leave some for your sister.
B:
Can I get the tomato ketchup?
A:
Yes. It’s in the fridge. Can you bring me a glass of
84
water from the kitchen?
B:
Is there any mustard?
A:
I’m afraid there isn’t any left.
b. Listen again and correct the dialogues above. Write the corrections above the words and phrases you underlined. Exercise III. Listen to three people giving their orders. Note what they order and the words they use for requests.
85
Cecilia:____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Ken:_______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Josie:______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
86
Exercise IV. Listen to Jack and the server. Answer the questions:
a. Would he like vanilla or chocolate ice cream? ___________________________________ b. How much is it? ___________________________________ c. What bill does Jack offer the server? ____________________________________ d. Can the server make change? ____________________________________ e. Does Jack have anything smaller? _____________________________________
87
Exercise V Listen to the dialogue and circle the right answer. 1. What does Jeff Kramer want to order? a. fish b. chicken c. pork 2. What dish is special for today? a. mashed potatoes b. French fries c. green beans 3. What dressing does Jeff prefer? a. rice b. sauce c. green beans 4. What else does Jeff want with his meal? a. mineral water b. a roll c. cheese 5. What does the Counter Help suggest instead of pecan pie. a. ice-cream b. currant jelly c. choc manger
88
Exercise VI Listen to the conversation and circle the right answer. 1. Where is the situation? a. at a department store b. at a restaurant c. at a hotel reception desk 2. Which of the food stuff mentioned by the waiter is a usual ingredient for a pizza? a. clam chowder b. spinach c. mozzarella 3. What polite expression did the waiter use to repeat the question? a. Pardon me… b. Excuse me… c. Sorry… 4. What did Kenji order? a. spinach and egg salad b. spinach and bacon salad c. spinach and bacon omelet 5. What did the waiter decide to do to solve the situation? a. to prove that Kenji had really ordered clam chowder b. to eat the clam chowder himself c. to bring the salad.
89
UNIT VII SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Listen and repeat the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation: Group 1
[ ʌ ] rubber - understand - under - fun - but
Group 2
[ Ə ] supply - surprise - measure - adventure
Group 3
[ 3: ] hurt - purse - church - curl - murderer
Group 4
[ I ] busy
Group 5
[ u: ] flu – rule
Group 6
[ ʊ ] put - bull - education - bush - pudding
b. Which groups do these words go in? - (Write: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6)
cup
1
Thursday
3
August
husband
nurse
turtle
crush
suppose
busy
autumn
burn
ugly
purple
sun
sugar
February
number
picture
push
Sunday
June
90
2
gun
must
surname
pull
club
full
Saturday
bus
curly
lunch
Russian
butcher
furniture c. Now listen and check.
Exercise II Listen and repeat the following words after the speaker, insert them into correct columns. helps, bosses, meets, does, sends, catches, eats, drugs, churches, pictures, animals, buses, actors, matches, bushes, wants, Bush’s, James’, legs, cats, maps, Robert’s.
[s]
[z]
c. Now listen and check. 91
[Iz]
Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. sign
6.
[ j] 7. [g] 8.
[ŋ]
4. honour
9. [h]
5. half
[∅] [p]
[∅] [s] [z]
home
[∅]
[e]
island
[∅] [n]
[∅] [I]
cupboard
[∅]
3. autumn
[∅] [g]
2. high
every
[∅] [h]
10. hour
[∅] [l]
b. Now listen and check. 92
[∅] [h]
Exercise IV a. Group the following words so that they match the stress patterns in the table. infamous
Banana
calendar
statement
dinosaur
Imply
cluster
kingdom
enjoyment
Mountain
eternal
countless
excel
Passage
before
defeated
begin
Arrive
worry
history
•.
.•
angry
forget
•.
.
emptiness
b. Now listen and check.
93
.•. successful
Listening Comprehension Telephone Conversations Exercise I a. Listen to four telephone conversations. Match the conversations with the situations. Phone call 1 ________. Phone call 2 ________. Phone call 3 ________. Phone call 4 ________.
a. informing of a flat to buy. b. informing of a flight delay. c. informing of arrangements to go to a concert. d. changing a lunch appointment. b. Listen again and take the messages. Phone call 1
John Griffiths called; has tickets; concert at
Palace Hall 8.30 Phone call 2 ____________________________________ _______________________________________________
94
Phone call 3 ____________________________________ _______________________________________________ Phone call 4 _____________________________________ _______________________________________________
Exercise II Listen to the telephone conversation and circle the right answer. 1. What number did Edgar call? a. 322-7844 b. 321-7844 c. 323-7844. 2. What did Tania say when she answered Edgar’s call? 95
a. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. Can I do something for you? b. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. May I help you? c. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. Can I be of any service to you? 3. Where did Edgar reach when he dialed the number? a. the hotel reception b. beauty salon c. hotel restaurant. 4. What didn’t Edgar reach the place he wanted? a. because he didn’t dial the outside line number b. because he didn’t know the number c. because he wanted to precise the number from the receptionist 5. What is the internal line number? a. 32 b. 9
c. 22
96
UNIT VIII SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Tick the correct variant.
1. newspaper
4. Cookie
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
2. uniform
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
5. few
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
3. use
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
6. rule
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
b. Now listen and check.
97
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [ʊ]
Exercise II a. Write the word containing the given sound in the box.
[ i: ]
chips - film - very - leave - build - university
[æ]
are - bank - wash - farm - ugly - name - fly
[ʌ]
heart - dance - aunt – have - park - mustn’t
[a:]
stand - fat - sea - what - sun - large - lunch
[ʊ]
Run - busy - you - book - university - laugh
[ u: ]
pull - fruit - woman – good - Sunday
[ɔ:]
forty – more - short - born - actor
[u:]
June - curly - fruit - true - flu
[I]
Lion - meet - field - live - life - suitable
[θ]
without - brother - bathroom - father - this
[ð]
three – bath - ninth - thanks - weather - both
b. Now listen and check.
98
Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. straight
6.
[g] 7.
8.
[g] [∅] [b]
interested
[∅] [l]
9.
[∅] [I] [e]
Seaside
[∅] [t]
5. whole
[k]
4. listen
[∅] [ gh ]
Blouse
[∅]
3. could
[∅] [ gh ]
2. sky
Bought
[∅] [d]
10. Champagne
[∅] [l]
b. Now listen and check.
99
[∅] [g]
Listening Comprehension At the Airport Exercise I Jeff Kramer is going through the Security Check.
Security:
Please put all carry-on _______________ on the conveyor . . . Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way, ma’am. This way, sir. (Beep) Please __________ your pockets and go through again, sir. (Beep) Please step this way, sir. Pardon me, what do you have in this pocket?
Jeff:
Oh sorry, just some _____________.
Security:
That’s fine. Thank you, sir. Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way …
Woman:
Is this machine ____________________?
Security:
Yes, it is, ma’am. Please put all … 100
Woman:
Are you sure? They’re pictures of my ______________________ first birthday …
Security:
You can give the _______________ to me, ma’am. It doesn’t have to go through the ______________.. Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way …
Jeff goes to pick up his briefcase. Security (2):
Would you mind opening your ______________, sir?
Jeff:
No, not at all … there you go.
Security (2):
Would you mind ___________________ the Walkman?
Jeff:
Oh, sorry.
101
Security:
That’s fine, sir. We just have to check. You can go
through. Exercise II
Listen to the recording. Where did Wilbur’s suitcase go? Check the boxes. Put a tick (√) before the cities the suitcase has appeared in and a cross (x) if it didn’t.
□ □ □ □ □
Bangkok Hong Kong Baltimore Boston Las Vegas
□ □ □ □ □
Bombay Beijing New York Los Angeles Seattle
102
□
Rome
□
Bologna
Exercise III Listen to the conversation and try to complete Tadashi’s answers to the Immigration Inspector’s questions.
Airport Arrivals
Immigration Inspector:
Good morning. Where have you come from?
Tadashi Nakamura:
___________________________
Immigration Inspector:
Fine. May I see your passport?
Tadashi Nakamura:
________________________ 103
Immigration Inspector:
What’s the nature of your visit?
Tadashi Nakamura:
_________________________ _________________________
Immigration Inspector:
And how long are you staying in the United States?
Tadashi Nakamura:
__________________________
Immigration Inspector:
Fine. Here is your passport back.
Tadashi Nakamura:
__________________________
Immigration Inspector:
Welcome to the United States. Enjoy your stay.
Exercise IV Edgar Young is at LAX. Listen to the conversations and circle the right answer. 1. Where is the flight to? a. Paris b. Vancouver c. Vienna 2. Which class check-in is it spoken about in Conversation A? a. Coach Class 104
b. Economy Class c. Business Class 3. Which is Edgar's flight to Vancouver? a. Flight CA 455 to Vancouver b. Flight CA 485 to Vancouver c. Flight CA 489 to Vancouver 4. How many pieces of baggage does Edgar have? a. three pieces b. two pieces c. four pieces 5. Where is the Clerk asking Edgar to put his baggage? a. on the scale b. on the conveyor c. carousel 6. What kind of sportsmen are flying to Vancouver? a. Sumo wrestlers b. arm wrestlers c. football players 6. What kind of seat does the Clerk suggest to Edgar? a. an isle seat 105
b. a window seat c. a middle seat 7. The empty seat is between a. two journalists b. two lawyers c. two Sumo wrestlers 8. Where is the flight boarding? a. at Gate 33 b. at Gate 35 c. at gate 32
106
UNIT IX SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Copy the words using CAPITAL letters to write the stressed syllables:
tomato
toMAto
workbook
mountain
lion
favourite
dictionary
umbrella
computer
university
television
cinema
biology
Japanese
banana
Polish
coffee
science
shampoo
restaurant
sandwich
107
WORKbook
fourteen
video camera
firefighter
Brazilian
history
hotel
footballer
Hungary
telephones
Hungarian
English
airport
Italian
Italy
hamburger b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II a. Which word in each group has a different sound? – Fill them in the blanks.
wears - does - loves - knocks stayed - looked - pulled –-weighed look - good - blood - foot
108
dead - mean - bread - head rented - landed - assisted - opened thought - around - sound - house York - born - Ford – Oxford lives - reads - writes – begs b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. mountain
6.
[ʌ] [Ə] 7. [h] [j] 8.
109
[j] [∅] [s] [k]
talking
[∅] [I]
[∅] [h]
scissors
[∅]
3. business
[∅]
2. house
hen
[∅] [g]
[ i: ]
4. gift
9.
[∅] [g] [w]
5. pig
chocolate
[∅] [ Ɔ: ] [ɒ]
10. who
[∅] [j] [g]
b. Now listen and check.
110
[∅] [h] [j]
Listening Comprehension Entertainment Exercise I a. Listen to the conversation. Tick (√) the activities the man and the woman talk about. skiing
dancing
driving
swimming
cooking
speaking English
singing
speaking in public
b. Listen again and complete the sentences.
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She can swim quite ____________ but she can't swim very ___________. She’s quite a _____________ dancer. She cooks very____________. She drives too _____________ in town and too ____________ on the motorway. She’s a ______________ driver.
c.
Listen to the recording and compare.
Exercise II a. Listen to six people answering a question about their perfect weekend. Put the number of the question they answer by the name of the speaker.
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Alex Alan Daniel
Jane Barbara Emma
b. Now put down what their answers were.
Alex would drink coconut milk.
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UNIT X SPEECH SOUNDS Exercise I a. Copy the words using CAPITAL letters to write the stressed syllables.
walkman
WALKman
mineral water
Germany
information
forty
lawyer
cassette
sixteen
algebra
pilot
engineer
nephew
daughter
thirteen
boyfriend
expensive
weekends
hospital
eighteen
ninety-nine
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MIneral WAter
Japan
Portugal
Portuguese
million
China
Chinese
director
April
potato b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II a. Which word in each group has a different sound? - Fill them in the blanks.
kissed - smiled - studied - agreed day - days - say - says agrees - makes - stops - cooks though - brought - ought - thought night - fifth - sight - climb museum - use - music - busy moon - food - foot - poodle 115
jeans - steak - sea - weak studies - runs - wishes - goes played - helped - laughed - walked b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [∅] (silent letter – no sound)
1. night
6.
7. [Ə] [ʌ] 8. [ʌ ]
[I] [∅] [b]
[ɒ]
4. talk
[∅] [e]
climb
[∅]
[∅] [s] [k]
Tuesday
[∅]
3. color
[∅] [ gh ] [g]
2. secretary
screen
9.
dog
[∅] 116
[∅]
[ʌ]
5. what
[ Ɔ: ]
[g] [j]
10. sandwich
[∅] [h]
[∅] [d]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Transcribe the following words.
fish
April
Monday
birthday
bicycle
guitar
August
friendly
to day
walk
match
um brella
key
twice
tonight
look
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shoe
meat
become
build
drive
January
b. Now listen and check.
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Listening Comprehension Cultural Diversities. Exercise I a. Read the following information about the origins of the names of the months, and try to fill in the gaps. There are clues in the information after the gaps to help you. But be as imaginative as you like, and don’t worry if your answers are wildly incorrect!
The English names of the months of the year originated in Roman times. January, for instance, is named after _________________, the god of ___________________ . He had two faces, so that he could see who or what was coming and who or what was going. February comes from the Latin verb februare which means _______________ . The Romans thought that the cold and frosts of winter purified the Earth. In addition to purification, the Romans considered this to be the month of sacrifices. March
was
named
after
Mars,
the
Roman
god
of
____________________ . There was no fighting during the winter and this month was the start of the year for soldiers. The word April comes
from
the
Latin
verb
aperire,
which
means
____________________ . This is the month which is associated with re-birth and growth, when trees open their leaves. May is named after Maia, who was the mother of Hermes, and was the goddess of … . This is the month when things start to grow. June 119
is named after Juno, the goddess of _______________ and the queen of the gods. During the reign of Julius Caesar, the calendar was changed. As a result of the changes, the fifth month of the year, Quintils, and the sixth month, Sextilis, become the seventh and eight months of the year and the months of May and June were introduced for the first time. Subsequently, in 44BC, the Roman senate changed the name of the seventh month to Julius in honour of the Emperor. Later on, ______________ became emperor and was very annoyed that the Senate named a month after his predecessor, ________________ thought he was just as important as Juius, so he changed the name of the eighth month in his own honour. Which brings us to the last four months of the year. Before the addition to the months of May and June, September, October, November and December were the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth months of the year. The prefixes sept, oct, nov, dec are all from the Latin words for _____________ . b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II Listen to the information about American place names and answer the questions. 1. Which of these is the nickname for New York City? 120
a. b. c. d.
The Hot Potato The Cold Turkey The Big Apple The Big Banana
2. Which of the following is the nickname for Hollywood? a. Tinseltown b. The Dream Machine c. The Film Factory d. Disneyland 3. Which of the following is the nickname for Chicago? a. The Wet City b. The Windy City c. The Cloudy City d. The Snowy City 4. What is the state of Texas known as? a. The Big Star State b. The Lone Star State c. The One Star State d. The Little Star State 5. Which of these US state names is the Spanish word for red? a. California b. Nevada c. Montana d. Colorado
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Exercise III a. Listen and decide how many people in “A day in the life of the USA” are speaking. b. Listen again and find out what they do at these times: Speaker 1: 8.00am
________________________________
1.00pm
________________________________
6.30pm
________________________________
11.30pm
________________________________
Speaker 2: 8.15am
________________________________
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12.30pm
________________________________
5.30pm
________________________________
7.00pm
________________________________
Exercise IV a. Listen to Karen, who lives in Hong Kong and Pat, who lives in San Francisco, talking about a typical breakfast, lunch and dinner.
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b. Listen to the dialogue and complete the columns Karen and
Pat. Karen
Pat
Typical breakfast Typical lunch
Typical dinner
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You
c. What do you have for a typical breakfast, lunch and dinner? Complete the You column in the chart.
Exercise V a. Listen to Barry, who is Australian, talking about an important event in Australia. b. Now answer the questions in the Australia column.
Australia What’s it called? When does it take place? Where does it take place? When did it first take place? What happens? I sit a public holiday? Are there any other interesting features?
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Your country
c. Choose an important day in your country and complete the column Your country.
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Bibliography 1. Carney E., (1995). A Survey of English Spelling. London: Routledge. 2. Catford J., (1994). A Practical Introduction to Phonetics. 3. Celce – Murcia M., Brinton D., Goodwin J. Teaching Pronunciation “A Reference for Teachers of English to Speakers
of
other
Languages”.
(1996).
Cambridge
University Press. 4. Gimson A., (1962). An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. Edward Arnold. 5. Greenall S. (2006). Reward Elementary Student’s Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 6. Greenall S. and Pye D. (2006). Reward Elementary Practice Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 7. Greenall S. (1994). Reward Pre-Intermediate Student’s Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 8. Viney P. (1996). Basic Survival. Heinemann. 9. Viney P. and Curtin J. (1994). Survival English. Heinemann. 10. www.foniks.com 11. www.nextup.com 12. www.phon.ucl.com
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22.05.09 25.05.09 Circulation: 150
____________________________________________________________________________ “Lingva” Publishing House Yerevan State Linguistic University after V.Brusov Address: 42 Toumanyan, Yerevan 0002, Armenia
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Tel: 53-05-52 Web: http://www.brusov.am E-mail:
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