Criminal Law Cases (1)

Kidnapping 7 G.R. 129894 People vs Gonzales Facts: 14 years old complainant !aron Gonzales acc"ses everino Gonzales y #e $era% acc"sed&appellant o' t!e crime o' Kidnapping (it! )*empted )*empted Rape. !e tes+,ed t!at everino (!o (as !er neig!-or and !er grand'at!ers grand'at!ers 'riend o/ered !er a ride !ome on t!e evening o' 0cto-er 24% 1 989. !e accepted t!e o/er and sat -eside everino. !ile on -oard% everino poed a ni'e at !er rig!t side and (arned !er not to s!o"t or !e (o"ld ill !er. !aron (as taen to everinos !o"se and loced !er in a room (it! !er !ands% 'eet and mo"t! +ed. )t a-o"t 3 ocloc t!e net day% everino tried to 'orce !imsel' on !er% -"t !e 'ailed as s!e 'o"g!t -ac and !ad a premat"re e5ac"la+on. )t aro"nd noon o' 0cto-er 26% 1988% everino released !er !ands% 'eet and mo"t! so t!at s!e co"ld tae a -at! -eca"se !e (as going to tae !er to anila. !en everino le t!e room% s!e made a das! t!ro"g! t!e 'ront door. door. !e (ent to !er !o"se 5"st -e!ind everinos !o"se -"t t!e gate (as loced. !e t!en too a tricycle and a*ended !er classes "n+l :4 (it!o"t telling anyone a-o"t !er ordeal. )cc"sed&appellant tes+,ed in !is o(n -e!al'. -e!al'. e denied t!at !e idnapped !aron and a*empted to rape !er. !er. e claimed t!at on t!e evening o' 0cto-er 0c to-er 24% 1989% !aron (ent to !is !o"se and ased to -e allo(ed to spend t!e nig!t t!ere -eca"se s!e (as a'raid t!at !er mot!er (ill scold !er 'or coming !ome so late. ;!e net morning% s!e pleaded to !im to let !er stay "n+l 0cto-er 26% 1989% (!en s!e decided to ret"rn !ome. e said !e le !er in t!e !o"se (it!o"t locing t!e doors and s!e co"ld !ave le i' s!e (anted to -eca"se !e neit!er +er !er "p nor gagged !er. !er.
;!e essence o' illegal deten+on is t!e depriva+on o' t!e vic+ms li-erty. ;!ere m"st -e a s!o(ing o' act"al con,nement or restric+on o' t!e vic+m% and s"c! depriva+on (as t!e inten+on o' t!e acc"sed& appellant. ;!ere m"st -e p"rpose'"l or no(ing ac+on to restrain t!e vic+m -eca"se taing co"pled (it! intent completes t!e o/ense. ;!"s% t!e >o"rt is inclined to -elieve t!e acc"sed&appellant?s claim t!at complainant came to !is !o"se and ased to -e allo(ed to stay overnig!t -eca"se s!e (as a'raid s!e (o"ld -e scolded -y !er mot!er. )s 'or )*empted Rape: >omplainant?s tes+mony t!at acc"sed&appellant a*empted to rape !er is con,rmed -y t!e res"lts o' !er medical eamina+on. ;!e cont"sions on vario"s parts o' t!e -ody tend to s"pport !er claim t!at t!e acc"sed&appellant tried to rape !er.

;!e  G.R. 16961 @ vs #e $era Facts: ;!ree alle Regidor (!ere t!ey 'o"nd t!e -ar o' gold divided into t!ree pieces t!at (as (rapped in !anderc!ie' and placed inside t!e (ater tan o' a (ater closet. ;!e acc"sed reA"ested one amerta de la Rosa to let !er !ave P1B (!ic! s!e in t"rn !anded to t!e policeman.  ) cer+,cate iss"ed -y t!e D"rea" o' cience s!o(s t!at t!e -ar o' gold delivered to t!e acc"sed (eig!ed 9.7 grammesE (!ereas t!e t!ree -ars 'o"nd -y t!e police only (eig!ed 416 grammes% and t!ere'ore 143.7 grammes s!ort. 0' t!e P2BB -an notes delivered to t!e acc"sed% s!e ret"rned only P1B. ;!"s% t!e acc"sed (as sentenced -y t!e trial co"rt g"ilty o' t!e crime o' t!e. ;!e acc"sed contends t!at t!e evidence does not esta-lis! t!e essen+al elements o' t!e -"t t!ose o' esta'a. ;!e goods misappropriated (ere not taen -y t!e acc"sed (it!o"t t!e consent o' t!e o(ner (!o !ad delivered t!em vol"ntarily% and t!is element lacing% it cannot -e t!e crime o' t!e.

ode. ;!e inten+on o' t!e o(ner to part (it! !is property is t!e gist and essence o' t!e o/ense t!e. Dy appropria+ng t!e gold -ar delivered to t!e acc"sed and -y conver+ng to !er o(n "se% (it!o"t t!e consent o' t!e o(ner% t!e crime commi*ed is t!at o' t!e.

)ct o' Jascivio"sness 3 G.R. 178B61 People vs on+nola Facts:
a"t!ori+es% 4 s!e admi*ed t!at t!ere (ere ot!er people in t!e !o"se (!en t!e alleged incidents too place yet s!e did not as 'or !elp% and  t!e medical report did not prove t!at on+nola (as t!e one (!o raped ))). ;!e >o"rt o' )ppeals armed t!e trial co"rt?s decision. o"rt is not impressed (it! on+nola?s claim t!at )))?s tes+mony is not credi-le -eca"se one part o' it is not Hin accord (it! !"man eperienceI. ;!e >o"rt -elieves ))). )llo(ing yo"ng c!ildren to go o"tside t!e !o"se (!ile t!e rain is po"ring is not "n-elieva-le% especially (!en one is overcome -y l"st. 3 )))?s 'ail"re to immediately report t!e incidents (as 5"s+,a-le: 1 on+nola t!reatened to ill !er and !er si-lings% i' s!e told anyone a-o"t t!e incidentsE 2 !er mot!er (as at (or most o' t!e +meE 2 on+nola !ad moral and p!ysical control over !er% ept an eye on !er% interr"pted !er (!enever s!e a*empted to report t!e incidents to !er mot!erE 4 even i' s!e told !er mot!er% !er mot!er (o"ld not !ave -elieved !erE  s!e (as over(!elmed -y 'ear and con'"sionE 6 telling people t!at s!e (as raped -y !er o(n 'at!er is not easy to doE and 7 a minor c!ild cannot -e epected to no( !o( to report crimes to t!e proper a"t!ori+es. 4 ;!ere is no r"le t!at rape can only -e commi*ed in secl"sion.  o"rt ,nds no reason to dist"r- t!e ,ndings o' t!e trial co"rt. ;!e trial co"rt did not overloo or misconstr"e any s"-stan+al 'act (!ic! co"ld !ave a/ected t!e o"tcome o' t!e case. For t!e acts o' lascivio"sness% on+nola s!o"ld -e p"nis!ed "nder ec+on - o' Rep"-lic )ct =o. 761B. ec+on - !as t!e 'ollo(ing elements : 1 t!e acc"sed commits an act o' se"al interco"rse or lascivio"s cond"ctE 2 t!e said act is per'ormed (it! a c!ild eploited in pros+t"+on or s"-5ected to

ot!er se"al a-"seE and 3 t!e c!ild is a -elo( 18 years old. Jascivio"s cond"ct incl"des t!e inten+onal to"c!ing% eit!er directly or t!ro"g! clot!ing% o' t!e genitalia and inner t!ig!% (it! an intent to aro"se or gra+'y t!e se"al desire o' any person. )ll t!ree elements are present in t!e instant case: 1 on+nola caressed )))?s rig!t t!ig!% slipped !is !and "nder !er s!orts% and to"c!ed !er vaginaE 2 ))) ind"lged in lascivio"s cond"ct "nder on+nola?s coercionE and 3 ))) (as -elo( 18 years old.

Ji-el 3 G.R. J&26877 0r'anel vs People Facts: Pe++oner Godo'redo 0r'anel (rote a le*er to t!e #irector o' Prin+ng in'orming t!at Mes"s Dallesteros and t(o ot!er employees o' t!e D"rea" o' Prin+ng !as -een prin+ng >!ristmas cards% (edding invita+on cards% term papers and ot!ers "sing t!e proper+es and 'acili+es o' t!e D"rea" o' Prin+ng and appropria+ng t!e money derived t!ere'rom 'or t!eir personal "se. ;!at t!e prin+ng is done at nig!t% t!ere -eing 'e( employees le. ;!at -eca"se o' t!is racet t!e Mes"s Dallesteros !as already -o"g!t lands and !as a 'at -an acco"nt. e also said t!at !e !as a sample copy o' t!e (edding invita+on card t!at (as sold to r. )rtemio olgado -y Mes"s Dallesteros (!ic! can serve as evidence. )er inves+ga+ng t!e c!arges% t!e c!arges against t!e complainant% Mes"s Dallesteros (ere dismissed. ;!en% complainant commenced a criminal ac+on 'or li-el against t!e pe++oner. )er d"e trial% t!e >o"rt o' First o"rt o' )ppeals. o"rt o' )ppeals erred : 1 in not !olding t!e le*er as a Hprivileged comm"nica+on (!ic! (o"ld eempt t!e a"t!or t!ere'rom 'rom criminal responsi-ilityIE 2 in -asing !is convic+on on a Hpres"mp+on o' maliceIE 3 in 'ailing to !old t!at t!e le*er merely contained an Hopinion or -elie'I 'or (!ic! pe++oner Hinc"rred no criminal lia-ilityIE 4 in !olding t!at t!e 'ail"re o' to present )rtemio olgado as a (itness Ns!o"ld -e taen againstN !im pe++onerE and  Nin !olding t!at t!ere !ad -een p"-lica+on o' t!at le*er .N R"ling: 1 ;!e le*er is not an a-sol"tely privileged comm"nica+on (!erein it is not ac+ona-le even i' its a"t!or !as acted in -ad 'ait!.
A"ali,ed% t!e privileged nat"re o' said comm"nica+on does not (arrant pe++oner?s acA"i*al% i' !e acted in -ad 'ait!. 2 ;!e concl"sion t!at !e !ad acted in -ad 'ait!% (as not -ased "pon a pres"mp+on o' malice -"t !ad -een ded"ced 'rom t!e 'ollo(ing circ"mstances: a.

;!e imp"ta+ons contained in !is le*er appear to -e gro"ndless. e did not even try to prove eit!er t!e tr"t! o' said imp"ta+ons% or t!at t!ere (as any sem-lance o' tr"t! t!erein. e did not introd"ce any evidence even t!e sample (edding invita+on card or t!e tes+mony or t!e tes+mony o' r. olgado. e co"ld !ave introd"ced evidence% i' !is story is tr"e.

-. ;!e record s!o(s t!at pe++oner and complainant are second co"sins. Jess t!an a mont! and !al' -e'ore t!e pe++oner sent t!e le*er% t!e complainant?s mot!er ,led a civil ac+on against t!e pe++oner?s (i'e.
;ile $ 3 G.R. 1889BB People vs a-ana Facts: ;!e prosec"+on evidence s!o(s t!at mem-ers o' t!e )n+&aloocan >ity Police ta+on met (it! an in'ormant (!o told t!em t!at t!e acc"sed a-ana (as selling s!a-" on almon treet. )c+ng on t!is% t!e gro"p proceeded to t!e place and staed it o"t. )er loca+ng acc"sed a-ana% t!ey decided to "ndertae a -"y&-"st opera+on (it! P01 Paras as pose"r&-"yer. )er P01 Paras got t!e plas+c sac!et% !e arrested a-ana. ;!e arres+ng oce rs !anded over t!e c"stody o' !is person and t!e items seized 'rom !im to P03 Fernando oran% t!e inves+gator on d"ty% (!o placed t!is maring on t!em and s"-mi*ed t!e same to t!e P=P >rime Ja-oratory 'or 'orensic eamina+on. Forensic >!emist Police ala-ocal s"-mi*ed a report t!at t!e s"-stance contained in t!e plas+c sac!ets tested posi+ve 'or s!a-". )cc"sed a-ana presented a di/erent version. )ccording to !im% !e (as on !is (ay !ome (!en ,ve to seven men in civilian clot!es -loced !is (ay and tried to searc! !im. e resisted -eca"se !e (as not doing anyt!ing illegal. +ll% t!e men 'rised !im and too PBB 'rom !is pocet. ;!ey t!en detained !im in t!e police sta+on. !en !is (i'e and sister 'ailed toP2B%BBB 'or !is 'reedom% t!ey c!arged !im (it! illegal possession and sale o' s!a-". )melia evilla corro-orated t!e tes+mony o' a-ana. ;!e trial co"rt 'o"nd a-ana g"ilty 'or viola+ons o' ec+ons  and 11% )r+cle << o' R) 916% ot!er(ise no(n as >ompre!ensive #angero"s #r"gs )ct o' 2BB2. ince one o' t!e penal+es (as li'e imprisonment% t!e case (as elevated to t!e >) (!ic! arms t!e decision o' t!e trial co"rt. ala-ocal

eamined itE t!at t!e res"lt (as posi+ve 'or s!a-"E and t!at t!is 'act (as as stated in >ala-ocal?s report.