COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
SOME RULES ABOUT FORMING COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES • One syllable adjec!"es #ene$ally %&$' (e c&')a$a!"e by add!n# *e$ and (e s+)e$la!"e by add!n# *es, e-#-.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
S&%
S&%e$
T(e s&%es
C(ea)
C(ea)e$
T(e c(ea)es
S/ee
S/eee$
T(e s/eees
T(!n
T(!nne$
T(e (!nnes
SPELLING RULES • N&e (a !% a &ne syllable adjec!"e ends !n a s!n#le "&/el lee$ %&ll&/ed by a s!n#le c&ns&nan lee$, (e c&ns&nan lee$ !s d&+bled, e-#-. (!n (!nne$, b!# b!##es-
→
→
• I% an adjec!"e ends !n *e, (!s !s $e'&"ed /(en add!n# *e$0*es, e-#-. /!de /!de$0/!des→
• I% an adjec!"e ends !n a c&ns&nan %&ll&/ed by *y, *y !s $e)laced by *! /(en add!n# *e$0*es, e-#-. d$y d$!e$0d$!es→
T1O S2LLABLE ADJECTIVES • /& syllable adjec!"es /(!c( end !n *y +s+ally %&$' (e c&')a$a!"e by add!n# *e$ and (e s+)e$la!"e by add!n# *es, 3n&e (e c(an#e &% *y & *! !n (e c&')a$a!"e0s+)e$la!"e4 e-#-.
Adjec!"e
C&')a$a!"e
s+)e$la!"e
L+c5y
l+c5!e$
T(e l+c5!es
P$ey
P$e!e$
T(e )$e!es
T!dy
T!d!e$
T(e !d!es
T1O S2LLABLE ADJECTIVES • /& syllable adjec!"es end!n# !n *ed, *!n#, *%+l, &$ *less al/ays %&$' (e c&')a$a!"e /!( '&$e and (e s+)e$la!"e /!( (e '&s, e-#-. Adjective
Comparative
superlative
1&$$!ed
M&$e /&$$!ed
T(e '&s /&$$!ed
B&$!n#
M&$e b&$!n#
T(e '&s b&$!n#
Ca$e%+l
M&$e ca$e%+l
T(e '&s ca$e%+l
Useless
M&$e +seless
T(e '&s +seless
T6REE S2LLABLE ADJECTIVES •
•
Adjec!"es /(!c( (a"e ($ee &$ '&$e syllables al/ays %&$' (e c&')a$a!"e and s+)e$la!"e /!( MORE and T6E MOST , e-#-.
Adjec!"e
C&')a$a!"e
S+)e$la!"e
Dan#e$&+s
M&$e dan#e$&+s
T(e '&s dan#e$&+s
D!%%!c+l
M&$e d!%%!c+l
T(e '&s d!%%!c+l
T(e &nly e7ce)!&ns a$e s&'e ($ee syllable adjec!"es /(!c( (a"e been %&$'ed by add!n# (e )$e%!7 *+n & an&(e$ adjec!"e, es)ec!ally (&se %&$'ed %$&' an adjec!"e end!n# !n *y- T(ese adjec!"es can %&$' c&')a$a!"es and s+)e$la!"es by +s!n# '&$e0'&s &$ add!n# *e$0*es, e-#-. +n(a))y 8 +n(a))!e$ 8 (e +n(a))!es0 (e '&s +n(a))y
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
G&&d
Bee$
T(e bes
Bad
1&$se
T(e /&$s
Fa$
Fa$(e$0%+$(e$
T(e %a$(es0%+$(es
USE OF COMPARATIVES • C&')a$a!"es a$e "e$y c&''&nly %&ll&/ed by (an and a )$&n&+n &$ n&+n #$&+), !n &$de$ & desc$!be /(& (e &(e$ )e$s&n &$ (!n# !n"&l"ed !n (e c&')a$!s&n !s, e-#-. • J&(n !s alle$ (an 'e• I (!n5 (a s(e9s '&$e !nell!#en (an (e$ s!se$-
OT6ER USES OF COMPARATIVES •
C&')a$a!"es a$e &%en :+al!%!ed by +s!n# /&$ds and )($ases s+c( as '+c(, a l&, %a$, a b!0l!le, sl!#(ly ec-, e-#-. 2&+ s(&+ld #& by $a!n, ! /&+ld be '+c( c(ea)e$C&+ld y&+ be a b! :+!ee$; I9' %eel!n# a l& bee$-
•
D& y&+ (a"e &ne (a9s sl!#(ly b!##e$; T/& c&')a$a!"es can be c&n$ased by )lac!n# the be%&$e (e', !nd!ca!n# (a a c(an#e !n &ne :+al!y !s l!n5ed & a c(an#e !n an&(e$, e-#-.
T(e s'alle$ (e #!%, (e eas!e$ ! !s & sendT(e '&$e s$essed y&+ a$e, (e /&$se ! !s %&$ y&+$ (eal(•
T/& c&')a$a!"es can als& be l!n5ed /!( and & s(&/ a c&n!n+!n# !nc$ease !n a )a$!c+la$ :+al!y, e-#-. 8 T(e sea /as #e!n# $&+#(e$ and $&+#(e$8 6e$ !llness /as bec&'!n# /&$se and /&$se8 6e beca'e '&$e and '&$e !$ed as (e /ee5s /en by
USE OF SUPERLATIVES •
L!5e c&')a$a!"es, s+)e$la!"es can be )laced be%&$e n&+ns !n (e a$!b+!"e )&s!!&n, &$ &cc+$ a%e$ be and &(e$ l!n5 "e$bs, e-#-. 8 (e '&s del!c!&+s c(&c&lae ca5e I9"e e"e$ eaen 8 Annabel /as (e y&+n#es 8 T(!s $esa+$an !s (e bes
•
As s(&/n !n (e sec&nd /& e7a')les, s+)e$la!"es a$e &%en +sed &n (e!$ &/n !% ! !s clea$ /(a &$ /(& !s be!n# c&')a$ed- I% y&+ /an & be s)ec!%!c ab&+ /(a y&+ a$e c&')a$!n#, y&+ can d& (!s /!( a n&+n, &$ a )($ase be#!nn!n# /!( in &$ of, e-#-. 8 Annabel /as (e y&+n#es c(!ld 8 Annabel /as (e y&+n#es &% (e c(!ld$en 8 T(!s $esa+$an !s (e bes !n &/n-
T6E OPPOSITES OF COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVES • /e +se (e %&$'s less 3(e &))&s!e &% c&')a$a!"e '&$e4, and the least 3(e &))&s!e &% s+)e$la!"e (e '&s4• Less !s +sed & !nd!cae (a s&'e(!n# &$ s&'e&ne d&es n& (a"e as '+c( &% a )a$!c+la$ :+al!y as s&'e&ne &$ s&'e(!n# else, e-#-.
8 T(!s s&%a !s less c&'%&$able8 I9"e al/ays been less )a!en (an 'y s!se$• The least !s +sed & !nd!cae (a s&'e(!n# &$ s&'e&ne (as less &% a :+al!y (an any &(e$ )e$s&n &$ (!n# &% !s 5!nd, e-#-.
8 I9s (e leas e7)ens!"e /ay & $a"el8 S(e /as (e leas !nell!#en &% (e ($ee s!se$s-
